Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Faisceaux de Bessel–Gauss'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 33 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Faisceaux de Bessel–Gauss.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Dusablon, Laurent. "Faisceaux Bessel-Gauss spatiotemporels : interférométrie spectrale par transformée de Fourier." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26525.
Full textPaković, Srdan. "Contributions to the theory of non diffractive waves and synthesis of metallic Bessel beam/X-wave launchers." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021REN1S128.
Full textThis thesis present the author’s contributions to the field of non-diffractive waves. Essentially, non-diffractive waves are electromagnetic beams that radiate localized energy with a variety of potential practical applications. The work presented in this thesis can be divided into two parts. In the first part, a novel concept of synthesizing metallic spline profiled Bessel beam/X-wave launchers has been proposed. First, an ad-hoc tool based on mode matching is presented. The tool is capable of evaluating the S parameters, near-, and far-field radiation patterns of metallic structures with azimuthal symmetry. Then, metallic Bessel beam/X-wave launchers are synthesized using the ad-hoc tool. The concept has been experimentally validated by manufacturing and measuring an X-wave launcher operating in a 75-105 GHz frequency range. The fabricated launcher is the first experimental demonstration of an X-wave launcher at such frequencies. In the second part, we have investigated the use of non-diffractive waves for wireless power transfer. First, the use of Bessel-Gauss beams for WPT is investigated. The superior performance of Bessel-Gauss beams compared to Bessel beams is demonstrated. A Bessel-Gauss launcher has been designed for validating this claim. The power transfer coefficient of the launcher exceeds 50% for distances exceeding its non-diffractive range
Dallaire, Michael. "Faisceaux Bessel spatiotemporels : théorie et expérimentation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29894/29894.pdf.
Full textDallaire, Michaël. "Faisceaux Bessel spatiotemporels : théorie et expérimentation." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24630.
Full textCaron, Christian Frédéric Roger Caron. "Harmonic generation in gases using Bessel-Gauss beams." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4668/.
Full textFortin, Pierre-Yves. "Figure d'interférence par faisceaux Bessel, étude et applications." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33637.pdf.
Full textTovmasyan, Nariné. "Optimisation de la sensibilité d'un interféromètre à faisceaux Bessel." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57892.pdf.
Full textBélanger, Brigitte. "Auto-imagerie en coordonnées cylindriques à l'aide de faisceaux Bessel." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq25490.pdf.
Full textFortin, Mathieu. "Les faisceaux optiques avec trajectoire courbée." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27604.
Full textWe propose a strategy to curve the trajectory of the central lobe of a zero order Bessel beam Jo(αr) along its propagation axis. The proposed method involves modifying the phase of the beam incident on an adaptive mirror. We show that the central lobe of the beam can be propagated along parabolic and cubic trajectories while preserving its symmetry. Theoretical simulations were reproduced in laboratory using an adaptive liquid mirror. The parabolic trajectory of the 60-micron central spot of a Jo(αr) beam exhibits a 0.6-mm off axis shift after 30-cm propagation. The versatility of the adaptive liquid mirror allows producing other beam shapes and trajectories. For example, it is possible to split the central lobe of a Bessel beam in two (Y shape); it is also possible to modify the diameter of a tunnel beam during the propagation a higher-order J₁(αr) Bessel beam. Comparison with Airy beams and potential applications in guided-wave optics will be discussed.
Dion, Jean-François. "Conception et réalisation d'un résonateur Bessel auto-filtrant." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26011.
Full textOuadghiri, Idrissi Ismail. "Nonlinear instabilities and filamentation of Bessel beams." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD071/document.
Full textBessel beams are solutions of Helmholtz equation. They can propagate while conserving their transverse intensity profile in space even in filamentation regime. This feature is very advantageous in high power laser applications such as plasma waveguide generation and laser ablation because they can generate homogeneous plasma channels in dielectrics. However, for moderate to low focusing conditions, Bessel pulses can sustain nonlinear instabilities, which consist in the modulation of the central core intensity along the propagation. Such a feature can prevent efficient energy deposition which hampers the applicability of Bessel pulses. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the possibility to control laser-generated plasma channels using spatially-reshaped Bessel pulses. In a first part, we have developed an experimental method based on a spatial light modulator to modify the evolution of the on-axis intensity of Bessel beams in the linear propagation regime. To study and control Kerr-induced instabilities, we developed, in a second part, a novel model based on four wave mixing interactions in Bessel beams. We have then demonstrated a novel approach to control these instabilities via on-axis intensity shaping. Bessel filamentation models in transparent media were then studied. Most models used in literature are based on nonlinear Schrödinger equation for light propagation and Drude model for laser-matter coupling. Experimental results on Bessel filamentation in glass showed propagation-invariant features in contrast with numerical simulations. Several corrections to this model were discussed. Our results show that such models are insufficient to explain our experimental results and thus the need to develop a more suitable one
Guénette, Jason. "Conception d'une lentille axicon à gradient d'indice de réfraction GLA (GRIN Lens Axicon)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33848.
Full textAxicons are mostly known for their capacity to produce Bessel beam. However, some axicon has the propriety to produce annular focusing whether directly or by adding a lens. In this text we have study the possibility to produce an axicon with gradient index of refraction that produce an annular focusing. More precisely we study the possibility to produce a component which incorporates the linear function of a conical lens and the parabolic function of a lens. The study refraction index profile has a radial variation and allow to a periodic annular focalisation. A similar refractive index profile has already been study by E. Marchand then by Rosa M. However, the solutions proposed by them are approximate solutions and their studies are limited. Some optical fiber already has index profile like the one we are interest so this axicon have the potential to be use for optical fiber application. We have demonstrated theoretically the exact refractive index profile that produce annular focusing and we have demonstrated theoretically that the ring produce is of good quality. We have also studied the possibility to produce a Bessel beam with this device that we name GLA (Grin Lens Axicon) and the simulation show that the beam could be of excellent quality. Some experimental tests have been done to show that it is possible to produce a Bessel beam with a GLA.
Mahou, Pierre. "Microscopie non linéaire de tissus biologiques : excitation multicouleur, faisceaux de Bessel, et excitation en nappe de lumière." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00840186.
Full textSilva, Willamys Cristiano Soares. "Geração e caracterização de feixes possuindo momento angular orbital." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2011. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1681.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Neste trabalho, desenvolvemos uma nova técnica para determinar a carga topológica de um feixe de luz com momento angular orbital. Nossa técnica é baseada na difração por uma abertura triangular. Através da realização de simulações numérica, para feixes Laguerre-Gauss e feixes Bessel com diferentes valores de l, descobrimos que o padrão de difração contém a assinatura da carga topológica do feixe. Nossas previsões teóricas para uma abertura triangular foram verificadas experimentalmente, demonstrando que o padrão de difração revela a carga topológica do feixe de luz. Esta técnica torna possível a determinação do módulo e do sinal da carga topológica de um feixe de luz de uma maneira simples e direta.
Roy, Bruno. "Formation de faisceaux laser avec moment angulaire orbital : fabrication de lames de phase en spirale réflectrices." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27771/27771.pdf.
Full textRousseau, Guy. "Étude des faisceaux laser et des impulsions brèves à symétrie cylindrique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23974/23974.pdf.
Full textQuémener, Mireille. "Conception, fabrication et caractérisation d'un GRIN-axicon pour une application en microscopie multiphotonique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68755.
Full textTechnological advances in microscopy have led to the creation of a wide variety of optical systems dedicated to the investigation of the dynamic behavior of cells in vivo. In neuroscience, the challenge lies in the observation of interactions between labeled neurons located at different depths in the tissue. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to scan the sample on several transverse planes to fully cover its volume. Since this procedure decreases the temporal resolution, it has been proposed to use an axicon to increase the depth of field of the microscope and reduce the number of scans to be performed. However, the axicon is di cult to manufacture and usually has defects on the tip of the cone, thus degrading the quality of the component. In order to replace the axicon by another optical component easier to manufacture, the use of a graded index lens coupled to a single lens (GRIN-axicon) was considered. Simulations have shown that the GRIN-axicon has the potential to produce a good quality Bessel beam. However, experimental tests have been very limited and it is necessary to further investigate the behaviour of this new component in the laboratory. The objective of this master's project is therefore to design, manufacture and characterize a GRIN-axicon for application in multiphoton microscopy. As a secondary objective, we wish to deepen the theory related to this new component.
Jaouadi, Amine. "Dynamique d'atomes froids dans des potentiels optiques façonnés." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112242.
Full textLn this thesis, at first we present a realistic theoretical model for generating shaped Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of a dilute atomic system, employing blue detuned Laguerre-Gauss (LG) laser beams. Such laser beams have modes which show anode in the center, and trap the atoms in a cylindrical geometry around the axis of propagation of the beam. We study the effect of changing the azimuthal index of the optical potential generated by these beams. One-dimensional (cigar-shape), two-dimensional (disk-shape) and three-dimensional (cylindrical-shape) condensate geometries are explored. We then present an analysis of the BEC growth dynamics, using the quantum kinetic theory. Our study shows that, for a fixed volume of the trap, the temperature of condensation increases substantially and the growth duration decreases significantly with the azimuthal index of the LG beam. Then we present another aspect of the study of the dynamics of a BEC falling in the gravity field in the presence of two crossing dipoles guides. We study the deflexion of the BEC by solving the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We explore the possibilities of optimization of this device and present results obtained in the case of low temperature dilute Bose-Einstein condensates
Gunawan, Albert. "Gauss's theorem on sums of 3 squares sheaves, and Gauss composition." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0020/document.
Full textGauss's theorem on sums of 3 squares relates the number of primitive integer points on the sphere of radius the square root of n with the class number of some quadratic imaginary order. In 2011, Edixhoven sketched a different proof of Gauss's theorem by using an approach from arithmetic geometry. He used the action of the special orthogonal group on the sphere and gave a bijection between the set of SO3(Z)-orbits of such points, if non-empty, with the set of isomorphism classes of torsors under the stabilizer group. This last set is a group, isomorphic to the group of isomorphism classes of projective rank one modules over the ring Z[1/2, √- n]. This gives an affine space structure on the set of SO3(Z)-orbits on the sphere. In Chapter 3 we give a complete proof of Gauss's theorem following Edixhoven's work and a new proof of Legendre's theorem on the existence of a primitive integer solution of the equation x2 + y2 + z2 = n by sheaf theory. In Chapter 4 we make the action given by the sheaf method of the Picard group on the set of SO3(Z)-orbits on the sphere explicit, in terms of SO3(Q)
De stelling van Gauss over sommen van 3 kwadraten relateert het aantal primitieve gehele punten op de bol van straal de vierkantswortel van n aan het klassengetal van een bepaalde imaginaire kwadratisch orde. In 2011 schetste Edixhoven een ander bewijs van deze stelling van Gauss metbehulp van aritmetische meetkunde. Hij gebruikte de actie van de special orthogonale groep op de bol en gaf een bijectie tussen de verzameling van SO3(Z)-banen van dergelijke punten, als die niet leeg is, met de verzameling van isomor_e klassen van torsors onder de stabilisator groep. Deze laatste verzameling is een groep, isomorf met de groep van isomor_e klassen van projectieve rang _e_en modulen over de ring Z[1/2, √- n]. Dit geeft een a_ene ruimte structuur op de verzameling van SO3(Z)-banen op de bol. In Hoofdstuk 3 geven we een volledig bewijs van de stelling van Gauss zoals geschetst door Edixhoven, en een nieuw bewijs van Legendre's stelling over het bestaan van een primitieve gehele oplossing van de vergelijking x2 +y2 +z2 = n met schoven theorie. In hoofdstuk 4 maken we de werking gegeven door de schoven theorie van de Picard groep op de verzameling van SO3(Z)-banen op de bol expliciet, in termen van SO3(Q)
Meyer, Rémi. "Contrôle du dépôt d'énergie par laser femtoseconde dans les diélectriques par faisceaux de Bessel : profil spatio-temporel de densité plasma et applications au clivage du verre." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://indexation.univ-fcomte.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/9cca4761-0970-4b3d-a6e9-01b766feff4d.
Full textThe use of ultrashort pulses for laser ablation allows for a precise energy deposition thanks to a highly confined laser-matter interaction. The non-linear effects causing this confinement are also usually responsible of beam profile distorsions along propagation and intensity instabilities. High cone angle Bessel beams have shown to be excellent candidates for dielectrics processing since they are robust to non-linear effects. In femtosecond regime, they are able to generate in single shot high aspect ratio nanochannels in transparent media. However the ablation dynamics and the coupling with the laser-induced plasma remain partially unclear in this case. The current model describing such interaction is uncompatible with experimental observations. This thesis investigates the laser-plasma interaction and follows two axes of work. First part is focused on the laser-plasma interaction characterization in transparent media and in the case of femtosecond Bessel beam, by developping and exploiting an interferometric pump-probe experiment. We measure the plasma dynamics through the plasma-related complex refraction index modifications, which we resolve in space and time. Preliminary results show a confined plasma (radius < 1 µm) in the transverse direction and whose density approaches the critical density for a pulse energy approaching the nanochannel formation threshold. In a second part, we investigate the effect of aligned nanochannels on the fracture ability of glass samples and its application to glass cleaving. Here we solve two limiting problems to high quality cleaving by spatial beam shape engineering: we demonstrate a signification improvement of 150 µm-thin glass cleaving by the use of elliptical-core Bessel beams; and we establish a proof of principle of 10 mm-thick glass single-pass cleaving thanks to a 3 axicons-based setup
Litvin, Igor A. "Intra–cavity laser beam shaping." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4018.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: There are many applications where a Gaussian laser beam is not ideal, for example, in areas such as medicine, data storage, science, manufacturing and so on, and yet in the vast majority of laser systems this is the fundamental output mode. Clearly this is a limitation, and is often overcome by adapting the application in mind to the available beam. A more desirable approach would be to create a laser beam as the output that is tailored for the application in mind – so called intra-cavity laser beam shaping. The main goal of intra-cavity beam shaping is the designing of laser cavities so that one can produce beams directly as the output of the cavity with the required phase and intensity distribution. Shaping the beam inside the cavity is more desirable than reshaping outside the cavity due to the introduction of additional external losses and adjustment problems. More elements are required outside the cavity which leads to additional costs and larger physical systems. In this thesis we present new methods for phase and amplitude intra– cavity beam shaping. To illustrate the methods we give both an analytical and numerical analysis of different resonator systems which are able to produce customised phase and intensity distributions. In the introduction of this thesis, a detailed overview of the key concepts of optical resonators is presented. In Chapter 2 we consider the well–known integral iteration algorithm for intra–cavity field simulation, namely the Fox–Li algorithm and a new method (matrix method), which is based on the Fox–Li algorithm and can decrease the computation time of both the Fox–Li algorithm and any integral iteration algorithms. The method can be used for any class of integral iteration algorithms which has the same calculation integrals, with changing integrants. The given method appreciably decreases the computation time of these algorithms and approaches that of a single iteration. In Chapter 3 a new approach to modeling the spatial intensity profile from Porro prism resonators is proposed based on rotating loss screens to mimic the apex losses of the prisms. A numerical model based on this approach is presented which correctly predicts the output transverse field distribution found experimentally from such resonators. In Chapter 4 we present a combination of both amplitude and phase shaping inside a cavity, namely the deployment of a suitable amplitude filter at the Fourier plane of a conventional resonator configuration with only spherical curvature optical elements, for the generation of Bessel–Gauss beams as the output. In Chapter 5 we present the analytical and numerical analyses of two new resonator systems for generating flat–top–like beams. Both approaches lead to closed form expressions for the required cavity optics, but differ substantially in the design technique, with the first based on reverse propagation of a flattened Gaussian beam, and the second a metamorphosis of a Gaussian into a flat–top beam. We show that both have good convergence properties, and result in the desired stable mode. In Chapter 6 we outline a resonator design that allows for the selection of a Gaussian mode by diffractive optical elements. This is made possible by the metamorphosis of a Gaussian beam into a flat–top beam during propagation from one end of the resonator to the other. By placing the gain medium at the flat–top beam end, it is possible to extract high energy in a low–loss cavity.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar is verskeie toepassings waar ʼn Gaussiese laser bundel nie ideaal is nie, in gebiede soos mediese veld, stoor van data, vervaardiging en so meer, en tog word die meeste laser sisteme in die fundamentele mode bedryf. Dit is duidelik ’n beperking, en word meestal oorkom deur aanpassing van die toepassing tot die beskikbare bundel. ’n Beter benadering sou wees om ʼn laser bundel te maak wat afgestem is op die toepassing - sogenaamde intra-resonator bundel vorming. Die hoofdoel van intra-resonator bundel vorming is om resonators te ontwerp wat direk as uitset kan lewer wat die gewenste fase en intensiteits-distribusie vertoon. Vorming van die bundel in die resonator is voordeliger omdat die vorming buite die resonator tot addisionele verliese asook verstellings probleme bydra. Meer elemente word benodig buite die resonator wat bydra tot hoër koste en groter sisteme. In hierdie tesis word nuwe fase en amplitude intra-resonator bundelvormings metodes voorgestel. Om hierdie metode te demonstreer word analitiese en numeriese analises vir verskillende resonator sisteme wat aangepaste fase en intensiteit distribusies produseer, bespreek. In die inleiding van die tesis word ʼn detailleer oorsig oor die sleutel konsepte van optiese resonators voorgelê. In hoofstuk 2 word die bekende integraal iterasie algoritme vir intraresonator veld simulasie, naamlik die Fox-Li algoritme, en ʼn nuwe metode (matriks metode), wat gebaseer is op die Fox-Li algoritme, en die berekeningstyd van beide die Fox-Li algoritme en enige ander integraal iterasie algoritme verminder. Die metode kan gebruik word om enige klas van integraal iterasie algoritmes wat dieselfde berekenings integrale het, met veranderde integrante (waar die integrand die veld van die lig golf is in die geval van die Fox-Li algoritme, IFTA, en die skerm metode. Die voorgestelde metode verminder die berekeningstyd aansienlik, en is benaderd die van ʼn enkel iterasie berekening. In hoofstuk 3 word ʼn nuwe benadering om die modellering van die ruimtelike intensiteitsprofiel van Porro prisma resonators, gebaseer op roterende verliese skerms om die apeks-verliese van die prismas te benader, voorgestel. ʼn Numeriese model gebaseer op hierdie benadering wat die uitset van die transversale veld distribusie in eksperimentele resonators korrek voorspel, word voorgestel. In hoofstuk 4 word ʼn tegniek vir die generering van Bessel-Gauss bundels deur die gebruik van ʼn kombinasie van amplitude en fase vorming in die resonator en ʼn geskikte amplitude filter in die Fourier vlak van ʼn konvensionele resonator konfigurasie met optiese elemente wat slegs sferiese krommings het, voorgestel. In hoofstuk 5 word die analitiese en numeriese analises van twee nuwe resonator sisteme vir die generering van sogenaamde “flat–top” bundels voorgestel. Beide benaderings lei na ʼn geslote vorm uitdrukking vir die resonator optika wat benodig word, maar verskil noemenswaardig in die ontwerptegniek. Die eerste is baseer op die terug voortplanting van plat Gaussiese bundel, en die tweede op metamorfose van Gaussiese “flat-top” bundel. Ons toon aan dat beide tegnieke goeie konvergensie het, en in die gevraagde stabiele modus lewer. In hoofstuk 6 skets ons die resonator ontwerp wat die selektering van ʼn Gaussiese modus deur diffraktiewe optiese element moontlik maak. Dit word moontlik deur die metamorfose van ’n Gaussiese bundel na ʼn “flat-top” gedurende die voortplanting van die een kant van die resonator na die ander. Deur die wins medium aan die “flat–top” kant van die bundel te plaas word dit moontlik om hoë energie te onttrek in ʼn lae verlies resonator.
Chappuis, Céline. "Génération d'harmoniques d'ordre élevé à deux faisceaux portant du moment angulaire." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS022/document.
Full textHigh-order harmonic generation is a highly nonlinear laser-matter interaction process which allows the synthesis of sub-femtosecond pulses, also called attosecond (1 as = 10⁻¹⁸ s) pulses. My PhD is centered around the study of angular momentum transfer during this process, in order to control spatial and polarization features of the radiation which is emitted in the extreme ultraviolet. As for matter, the angular momentum of light can be divided into a spin component, associated with the beam’s polarization, and an orbital component, related to the shape of the wavefront. The control of high harmonics’ angular momentum requires generating schemes involving two crossing beams, thus creating a diffraction grating in the generating medium.We have shown that, although the transfer rules obey conservation laws of the angular momentum, the fine description of the phenomenon requires an accurate analysis of the laser field in the generation medium. This work opens the road for advanced shaping of attosecond pulses
Lombard, Emmanuel. "Etude des caractéristiques d'un faisceau contrôlé en polarisation après transmission à travers différentes nanostructures." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863310.
Full textVelpula, Praveen Kumar. "High aspect ratio sub-micron structuring of transparent materials using non-diffractive ultrafast laser beams : dynamics and interaction regimes." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET4005/document.
Full textThis thesis is focused on the controllability of laser-induced refractive index changes at sub-micron level over long dimensions i.e., with high aspect ratios and sections on the nanoscale. To this end, we explore non-diffractive zerothorder ultrafast Bessel beams and factors contributing to energy confinement beyond the diffraction limit. Laser processing of transparent materials using non-diffracting beams offers a strong advantage for high aspect ratio submicron structures inside the bulk in view of nanophotonics and nanouidics applications. We present the role of various focusing conditions and laser parameters on material modification in bulk fused silica and explore the different interaction regimes. This thesis tackles mostly the moderate focusing conditions as they offer a stable interaction regime backed up dispersion engineering over a large range of laser parameters. The laser pulse duration was found to be key in defining the type of laser induced refractive index or structural modification. For instance, machining using femtosecond laser pulses results in increased refractive index structures whereas picosecond laser pulses result in uniform void i.e., low index structures. To acquire better control over the laser energy deposition and precision, a range of physical mechanisms responsible for the laser induced damage in non-diffractive excitation conditions have been observed experimentally and further interrogated by simulations indicating a critical role of light scattering on carriers. Time-resolved pump-probe microscopy measurements with a sub-picosecond temporal and sub-micron spatial resolution allow access to the instantaneous excitation and relaxation dynamics. Dynamic optical transmission and phase contrast o_er complementary information of either electronic and glass matrix response. Primarily, ultrafast dynamics of free carriers was studied as the electron mediated energy transfer to the lattice is key to the subsequent material transformation. Role of instantaneous excitation at different laser pulse durations and energies is outlined. Then complete carrier dynamics is presented at different laser parameters. Particularly dynamics in conditions of positive refractive index structures and uniform voids is indicating two different paths of electronic relaxation and energy deposition: a fast defect mediated relaxation for positive index structures and slow thermomechanical relaxation for nanosize void structures. Finally, by correlating the results of time resolved studies, simulations and post-irradiated photoluminescence results, we formulate potential formation scenarios for the positive refractive index and low index or uniform void structures
Carrion, Perez Jose Vicente. "Design and fabrication of micro optical components for miniaturized optical imagers." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA2034/document.
Full textMiniaturization of imaging systems shows nowadays a strong potential for many applications, in particular, e. g., for novel biomedical devices. Related imaging specifications require a substantial effort onto the development of high quality microoptical components. better control of light propagation and features in such system sis also of particular interest. Components should then e.g. contain optical aberrations in order to reach high resolutions. In purpose of searching higher diffraction efficiencies or resolutions, optical components with well-controlled continuous phase profiles are sought. In addition, they also should be made of robust materials to handle their further assembly into miniaturized devices. Consequently, the manuscript focuses on the design and the parallel fabrication of such microoptical components made of glass. To that end, two technologies have been studied and optimized, namely gray-scale lithography and glass-blowing processes. As an example, glass-based microaxicons have been fabricated and Bessel beams generation has been demonstrated. This type of beam exhibits a long non-diffractive propagation distance along the optical axis followed by a dark hollow shape which makes them useful in many different applications. This work has been supported by the SMYLE (Smart Systems for a Better Life) European project and the Ranche-Comté Regional Council
Drapeau, Julie. "Axicon conique à angle variable à base de ferrofluide." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27326/27326.pdf.
Full textLicul, Stanislav. "On the Generation and Applications of Localized Waves." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32900.
Full textMaster of Science
Abdoulkader, Ibrahim Idriss. "Nano-antennes optiques pour l'inspection des structures photoniques." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665899.
Full textFahys, A. "Micro et nano-antennes adaptées à la microscopie champ proche et à l'imagerie haute résolution." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00260097.
Full textNous présentons la genèse de la microscopie en champ proche en mettant en avant l'importance des caractéristiques intrinsèques du système d'éclairage employé mais également le rôle primordial du nanocollecteur en interaction avec le champ électromagnétique. Les antennes étant un des enjeux majeurs dans l'art de détecter les champs électromagnétiques, nous donnons ensuite une cartographie des antennes dans différents domaines de fréquences ainsi que leurs applications respectives en champ proche. Puis nous exposons les étapes nécessaires à la fabrication d'une nano-antenne annulaire métallique aux dimensions spécifiques, à l'extrémité d'une fibre optique.
La description du système d'éclairage et du montage général de caractérisation nous amène enfin à présenter l'étude d'un nouveau type de sonde que constitue une nano-antenne annulaire usinée à l'extrémité d'un micro-axicon fibré. En exploitant les propriétés d'un faisceau de Bessel polarisé polychromatique, nous accédons aux propriétés de collection de la structure annulaire. Nous mettons en évidence le fait que ces antennes peuvent collecter spécifiquement la composante longitudinale du champ électrique en polarisation radiale ou du champ magnétique en polarisation orthoradiale. L'analyse des propriétés magnétiques et électriques d'échantillons en microscopie optique champ proche
s'annoncent, de ce fait, sous un nouveau jour.
Nicolas, Adrien. "Optical quantum memories with cold atomic ensembles : a free space implementation for multimode storage, or a nanofiber-based one for high collection efficiency." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066494/document.
Full textWe present an experimental study of two optical quantum memory systems based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in cold cesium atoms.We explain the relevance of quantum memories for the development of large-scale quantum networks, we give a comprehensive theory of the EIT phenomenon and underline the role of relevant parameters regarding the implementation of quantum memories.The first system under study is prepared in a free-space magneto-optical trap. The main result of this thesis is the demonstration of the spatial multimode capability of this system at the quantum level. For this, we used Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) light beams, i.e. beams possessing a non-zero value of orbital angular momentum (OAM). In a first step, we showed that the orbital angular momentum of stored light pulses is preserved by the memory, deep in the single photon regime. In a second step, we encoded information in the orbital angular momentum state of a weak light pulse and defined a qubit using two LG beams of opposite helicities. We developed an original setup for the measurement of this OAM qubit and used it to characterize the action of the memory during the storage of such a light pulse. Our results show that the memory performs the quantum storage of such a qubit.The second system under study, also a cloud of cold atoms, has the specificity that the atoms are trapped optically in the vicinity of a nano-waveguide. This innovative design ensures a higher light-matter interaction and facilitates the interfacing of photons into and out of the memory. We describe the building of this setup and the first steps towards quantum memory implementations
Lysenko, Sergey. "Certains aspects du programme de Langlands géométrique." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136864.
Full textGranata, Massimo. "Développements optiques pour les détecteurs d'ondes gravitationnelles de deuxième et troisième génération: cavités de recyclage pour Advanced Virgo et modes de Laguerre-Gauss d'ordre supérieur." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665858.
Full textBoutry, Grégory. "Contributions à l'approximation et à l'algèbre linéaire numérique." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-301.pdf.
Full text