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Shah Faisal Ullah, Dr. Ihsan Ullah Khan, and Dr. Abdul Karim Khan. "Power and Gender Issues in Sidhwa’s The Pakistani Bride: A Critical Discourse Analysis." sjesr 4, no. 1 (March 6, 2021): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol4-iss1-2021(240-246).
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This critical discourse study explores power and gender issues discursively constructed in Bapsi Sidhwa’s The Pakistani Bride. The study aims to examine gender issues in the tribal patriarchal social system in Pakistan. The novel understudy critically explored the abuse of power in a patriarchal society. Lazar’s concept of Feminist critical discourse analysis and Fairclough’s approach to critical discourse analysis has been chosen to examine the main issues faced by women in remote areas of Pakistan. Fairclough’s (1989) model has been adopted as a method for the analysis of the selected excerpts taken from the text of the novel. The analysis of the text has been made on the ground to explore women's marginalization, patriarchal hegemony, and power exercise in Pakistan’s remote areas.
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Nusrat, Aasia, Sardaraz Khan, and Ms Shaista Shehzadi. "Critical Discourse Analysis of Imran Khan Dharna Speeches in Socio-Political Perspective." sjesr 3, no. 1 (April 19, 2020): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol3-iss1-2020(9-19).
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This study aims to explore and uncover power play in Dharna 2014 speeches of Imran Khan. The study has followed the theoretical perspective of power (Fairclough, 2003) in its two-dimensions i.e. power within and behind discourse. This research is significant in terms of enabling common public of Pakistan to understand their leader in terms of the concept of power by comprehending the meaning that language conveys. The research method applies thematic analysis and utilizes Fairclough’s three-dimensional model (1989) as data analyzing tool. The speeches were analyzed by considering Textual, Discursive and Societal levels of discourse. The key findings in case of power within discourse include that the speaker showed the use of pronoun ‘I’ in order to show his power and by using the pronoun ‘we’ he gained the support of the audience in order to win their hearts and reflect this as a power on the rulers. The speakers explained in detail the unjust rule of the government by using different linguistic tools like modal verbs, vocabulary, transitivity, inter-discourse etc. Moreover, in case of power behind discourse, the key findings include the power of west and Islam in the speaker’s speeches.
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Akvani, Hamdallah, Abdolvahed Zarifi, and Hossein Fakhraei. "A Critical Analysis of the Political Discourse of Exceptionalism in the American Sniper Movie." Medijske studije 11, no. 21 (November 4, 2020): 24–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/ms.11.21.2.
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Political discourse usually tends to diffuse itself in other discursive fields. One of the areas through which the political field can be reproduced is the field of popular culture, especially films. Moreover, language serves as the intermediate variable in which political discourses in the media offer themselves more or less ideologically. In this paper, the language of the film American Sniper and its relation to the exceptionalism discourse in the politics of the United States is reviewed. It addresses the major question of how the discourse of American Sniper is related to the three layers of exceptionalism discourse. The analysis of the three discursive levels of description, interpretation and explanation of the film based on Fairclough’s model reveals that, by following Hollywood’s dominant framework of discourse towards Islam and the Middle East, i.e., the ‘Islamophobia’ discourse, the film depicts Islam as ‘Other’. The discourse of the film ultimately resides in a wider social action that is congruous with the concept of the political language of exceptionalism.
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Jørgensen, Kim, Mette Bonde Dahl, and Jesper Frederiksen. "Coherence in intersectoral collaboration between psychiatric centres and community mental healthcare: A critical discourse analysis." Nordic Journal of Nursing Research 40, no. 3 (July 7, 2020): 130–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2057158520935388.
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There is scarce research studying healthcare professionals’ and users’ perceptions in relation to creating coherence in intersectoral collaboration between psychiatric centres and community mental healthcare. Drawing on the discourse analysis framework of Fairclough, this study aimed to explore how healthcare professionals and users could perceive coherence in intersectoral collaboration between psychiatric centres and community mental healthcare. But also to explore their perception of how coherence could be maintained through an intersectoral journey, and what discourses manifested themselves within the field of mental healthcare. Data were collected through 11 focus group interviews, five of which with healthcare professionals ( n = 20) and six with users ( n = 18). Fairclough’s three-dimensional model for the studying of discourse was used to analyse the transcribed texts. This study is reported in accordance with the COREQ checklist. Coherence in intersectoral collaboration was interpreted to exist in tension between being predominantly steered by the healthcare professionals while the users had a desire to be more involved in decisions regarding their own intersectoral journey. The users were subjected to a paternalistic steering, expressed by the power of the healthcare professionals to select the right efforts as well as the purpose of the users’ journeys. The findings showed that coherence in intersectoral collaboration in general was articulated from an overall discourse of neoliberal governance, with its embedded discourses of rationality and structure, and discourses of linearity, objectivity, paternalism, biomedicine and evidence have a controlling influence on how users should guide themselves based on the discourse of self-care.
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Nasir, Munaza Hasan. "A Girl In The River: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of Honor Killing." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 17, no. 1 (September 8, 2018): 79–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v17i1.11.
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The aim of this research paper is to critically analyse the documentary A Girl in the River: The Price of Forgiveness and explore the phenomenon of honor killing as presented through discourse in the documentary. In order to carry out critical discourse analysis Fairclough’s 3D model (description, explanation and interpretation) provided the framework of the research. The discursive strategies employed by the participants involved in honor killing both as agents and victims were explored. It was observed that the antagonists considered themselves to be the victims who were compelled to act in the name of honor by the protagonist (Saba). They also rationalized their actions through their language and discourse.
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Munawan, M. "A Critical Discourse Analysis dalam Kajian Tafsir Alquran: Studi Tafsir Al-Azhar Karya Hamka." TAJDID 25, no. 2 (August 21, 2018): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.36667/tajdid.v25i2.303.
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One of the phenomenal Tafsir in Indonesia written by non-Arabic commentators is Tafsir Al-Azhar by Hamka (Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah). This interpretation becomes a reference for Muslims in Indonesia before other modern interpretations come. This interpretation is widely referenced by Qur’an scholars because the language is easy to digest and detailed explanation in accordance with present times. Based on a search of some literature there is no specific discussion about manhaj Tafsir Al-Azhar and its application. So this article will critically examine Hamka’s Tafsir Al-Azhar, especially from the aspect of manhaj and its application in its interpretation. Specifically this article will discuss the method of interpretation, the mechanism of interpretation, and the style of interpretation. The approach used by the writer is Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis. Critical discourse analysis is one of the methods of analyzing discourse in a work by critically analyzing. Fairclough uses discourse analysis by pointing the use of language as a social practice not just an individual activity. In addition, Fairclough also created a model that brought together discourse analysis which was based on linguistics as well as on socio-political thought, or generally integrated with social change. The results of the study shows that Tafsir Al-Azhar is included in the category of non-school interpretation (non-madzhab), which is also characterized by patterns of thought and modern interpretation, especially from Tafsir Al-Manâr and Fî Zhilâl Al-Qur'ân, two books of tafsir are more patterned of adabi -ijtima’î.
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Putra, Afdal Makkuraga. "Ekonomi Politik Pemberitaan Konflik Persepakbolaan Indonesia." Jurnal ILMU KOMUNIKASI 13, no. 2 (January 20, 2017): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/jik.v13i2.673.
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Abstract: This study reveals the interests behind football conflicts news in three newspapers in Indonesia: Kompas, Bola, and Seputar Indonesia. The analysis is based on the political economy of media theory developed by Vincent Mosco, Graham Murdock, and Peter Golding. Using critical paradigm with Norman Fairclough’s model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) method, the findings show that the conflicts in Indonesian football have been produced as issues that legitimate the strategic position of the football elite power. The media and journalists were drag into the creation or the legitimation of football elite domination.Keywords: critical discourse analysis, football, political economy of mediaAbstrak: Penelitian ini mengungkap kepentingan di balik pemberitaan konflik persepakbolaan Indonesia di tiga media cetak, yakni Kompas, Bola dan Seputar Indonesia. Analisis didasarkan pada teori ekonomi politik media yang dikembangkan oleh Vincent Mosco, Graham Murdock, dan Peter Golding. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma kritis dengan metode Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) model Norman Fairclough. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peristiwa konflik persepakbolaan Indonesia diproduksi menjadi isu yang melegitimasi posisi strategis kekuasaan elit persepakbolaan. Media dan wartawan terseret dalam penciptaan atau pengukuhan kekuasaan dominasi elit persepakbolaan tersebut.Kata Kunci: analisis wacana kritis, ekonomi politik media, sepak bola
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Hassan, Assist Prof Nagham Ali. "Critical Discourse Analysis of Donald Trump's Inaugural Speech." ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, no. 226(1) (September 1, 2018): 87–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v0i226(1).176.
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Political speeches are represented in different shapes as political forum, events or as inaugural speech. This research critically analyzes the inaugural Speech of the President Donald Trump which was delivered on 20th ,January, 2017 from the site<www.cnn.com> retrieved on 10th ,May,2017. The objectives of the study are: First: classifying and discussing well known micro structures (linguistic feature) of the speech, and second: classifying the macro structures i.e. the delivered political inaugural speech in which he includes social structures. To reach to the objectives of the study, the researcher will adopt Norman Fairclough’s three dimensional Analytical Model(1989). Tracing the model, the speech was submitted to description (text analysis), interpretation (processing/ analysis) and explanation (social practice and analysis). The results of the analysis have shown that Trump uses colourful language devices to address Americans. He uses future tense in his speech more than the other tenses to talk about America's future. He creatively repeats certain expressions to show his point of view. The pronoun 'we' is used to talk about the state of America and to show a mutual correlation between Trump and the hearers. Moreover, Trump relays on active voice to get all the hearers active not passive, which reflects the social relations. However, in some instances, he uses passive voice to assure Americans that he will be with them
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Hassan, Assist Prof Nagham Ali. "Critical Discourse Analysis of Donald Trump's Inaugural Speech." ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 226, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 87–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v226i1.176.
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Political speeches are represented in different shapes as political forum, events or as inaugural speech. This research critically analyzes the inaugural Speech of the President Donald Trump which was delivered on 20th ,January, 2017 from the site<www.cnn.com> retrieved on 10th ,May,2017. The objectives of the study are: First: classifying and discussing well known micro structures (linguistic feature) of the speech, and second: classifying the macro structures i.e. the delivered political inaugural speech in which he includes social structures. To reach to the objectives of the study, the researcher will adopt Norman Fairclough’s three dimensional Analytical Model(1989). Tracing the model, the speech was submitted to description (text analysis), interpretation (processing/ analysis) and explanation (social practice and analysis). The results of the analysis have shown that Trump uses colourful language devices to address Americans. He uses future tense in his speech more than the other tenses to talk about America's future. He creatively repeats certain expressions to show his point of view. The pronoun 'we' is used to talk about the state of America and to show a mutual correlation between Trump and the hearers. Moreover, Trump relays on active voice to get all the hearers active not passive, which reflects the social relations. However, in some instances, he uses passive voice to assure Americans that he will be with them
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Dabir-Moghadam, Mohammad, and Hossein Raeesi. "A Critical Discourse Analysis of Iranian Sport Media: A Case Study." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 8, no. 3 (May 31, 2019): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.8n.3p.84.
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Sport media can go beyond reflecting sport events and shape and direct public opinions. However, few, if any, studies have addressed this area in an Iranian context. Therefore, the present study sought to critically analyze Iranian sport media texts by focusing on a particular subject. To do so, a corpus of sampled texts, which reflected official and semi-official stances on the two Iranian footballers’ act of playing against an Israeli team, was analyzed using Fairclough’s three-dimensional model. The findings of the study indicated how speakers use linguistic means to highlight the desired points of view, establish power relations, and control readers’ mind and thinking. The findings also revealed that sport media can be used to strengthen dominant ideologies already legitimatized and approved by sportspeople.
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Nasir, Touqir, Sonia Touqir, Sajid Pervez, and Hira Ali. "Exploring the Absurdity of War and International Aid in the Novel ‘Red Birds’ by Mohammad Hanif_ A Critical Discourse Analysis." ANNALS OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND PERSPECTIVE 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/assap.v2i1.42.
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Discourse is a wide-ranging term to cover many forms of human utterances and textual forms of communication. Development through multiple stages gave birth to CDA which bridges the micro-structure of linguistic choices to macro-structures of social reality. Theorists like Van Dijk, Fairclough, and Fowler contributed to its development with the foundation provided by Halliday’s SFL. The qualitative research endeavors to analyze ‘Red Birds’, a novel written by Mohammad Hanif under Huckin’s model of CDA to highlight the absurdity of war and international aid. The three dimensions of Fairclough’s model are at the background of Huckin’s model. The analysis has been carried out at three levels i.e. broad level, sentence level, and word level. A well-thought analysis reveals the nature of war in a region where there is nothing to destroy. It has also been concluded that the aid programs are nothing more than ‘making them orphan and then adopting them’ which clearly runs incongruous to the spirit of aid.
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Habib, Fazl Ahmad, Bambang Arya Wija Putra, and Budi Setyono. "Gender Stereotypes Portrayed in a Senior High School English Textbook Published by Indonesia Ministry of Education and Culture." Jurnal Edukasi 7, no. 3 (November 30, 2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jukasi.v7i3.21602.
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The study was conducted to elaborate the gender stereotypes in a national senior high school English textbook in Indonesia. The qualitative study is applied and Critical Discourse Analysis is used as the preferable approach. This research provides the development of Mullet’s (2018) CDA generic framework analysis which based on Fairclough’s (2001) model. The result of the study divulged various gender stereotypes portrayed such as gender firstness, equality, dominance and bias. Many biased stereotypes are found on how the female character being portrayed in leadership matter, social relation, and family. In contrast, in the matter of physical traits, male characters are portrayed to have more and various interests in sports. The gender stereotypes portrayed in both textual and visual contents within the textbook. Many illustrations portrayed women stereotypically biased so do the textual materials such as narrative text, recount text/biography, transactional text, and descriptive text. Somehow, it is suggested that the authors should consider the position and the portrayal of gender stereotypes as problematic as proven by many previous studies.
Keywords: Critical Discourse Analysis, Fairclough Model, Gender Stereotypes, Textbook.
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Suryaningsih, Yuli. "A Critical Discourse Analysis of Personal Pronouns in Greta Thunberg's Speeches." SAGA: Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics 2, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21460/saga.2020.21.34.
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Although the study of personal pronouns in speeches is very popular, only a few studies are conducted to analyze non-political speeches. In spite of Greta Thunberg’s famous and bold speaking manners, none of the researchers are interested to look deeper at speeches delivered by the young activist. In this study, I employ Fairclough’s model of Critical Discourse Analysis to examine the use of 102 first-and-second person personal pronouns in her speeches. Forty-seven percent of the pronouns are you and twenty-five percent of the pronouns are we. Furthermore, the high percentage of the occurrence towards you and we shows the characterization of her speeches. It shows both othering strategy and personalization strategy between the speaker and the audience. In addition, the pronouns act both as inclusive and exclusive. The variation of inclusiveness and exclusiveness is highly affected by who the audience is. These findings propound that the use of the same pronouns by the same person acts differently depending on who the audience is.
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Takele, Mosisa Asegid. "A Critical Analysis of the Discourse of Doctor-Patient Interaction: A Case Study." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 8, no. 10 (October 29, 2020): 118–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v8i10.10809.
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The study undertook a critical analysis of the discourse of doctor-patient interaction under the ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) clinic of Gondar Hospital, which is found in the Amhara regional state of Ethiopia. Specifically, the study investigated the recurrent interactional features in the doctor-patient interactions, the manifestations of power relations through language use, as well as the ideological assumptions which are held by doctors and patients. To achieve these objectives, qualitative methods were used during data collection and analysis. Purposeful sampling was used to select the clinic where the study took place. Data were gathered through audio-recording and field notes. Before analysis, the audio recordings were transcribed using Jeffersonian Transcription conventions and then translated into English. The translated data were analyzed thoroughly using Fairclough’s (1992) three-dimensional model of Critical Discourse Analysis. The study, thus, showed that interpersonal relationships between discourse interactants could be an indicative of their social and power relations. Therefore, institutional discourse, specially, that of doctor-patient, could be a place for power struggle.
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Poudel, Tikaram. "Policy Documents of Nepali Technical and Vocational Education and Training: A Critical Discourse Analysis." Journal of Education and Research 10, no. 1 (October 9, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jer.v10i1.31872.
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This study critically examines the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) policy documents of Nepal, not only to understand the specific plans of the government agencies in designing, implementing and expanding TVET programmes but also to problematise discursive practices of TVET programmes in the existing socioeconomic and power hierarchy of Nepali society. More specifically, it aims at understanding the ineffectiveness of these training programmes concerning the target groups. This study makes use of Fairclough’s (1995) model of Critical Discourse Analysis of three inter-related dimensions of description, interpretation and explanation within the theoretical framework of capabilities approach (Sen, 2009). The findings indicate that the policy documents of Nepali TVET prioritise the development of semi-skilled human resources for the low-paid international labour market but ignore the conservation and development of indigenous knowledge systems of diverse ethnic communities of Nepal. The study initiates the discourse that integrating indigenous knowledge systems in TVET programmes provides a sustainable model of development.
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Pacheco Constantino, Silvia Monserrat. "Un Hombre Puede Hacerlo, pero ¿una Mujer? A Critical Discourse Analysis Showing how Mexican Women might be Machistas." Open Journal for Anthropological Studies 4, no. 1 (October 31, 2020): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.ojas.0401.03025p.
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Thousands of women die every day all over the world due to violence. Mexico is a country in which it is believed that machismo is one of the reasons why women are violated and murdered. There is the stereotype of believing that the female gender is being mistreated directly by men. However, this study aimed to show how women express themselves with a negative connotation against their own gender. Perhaps, females portrait themselves as feminists or women defenders. Nonetheless, their language states their true position. This project employed a critical discourse analysis under the use of Fairclough’s model. The results demonstrated how the discourse employed by the participants highlighted a machista perception towards women.
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Tian, Xinling. "Critical Discourse Analysis of News Reports— Based on the Guardian News Report of China’s Military Parade to Mark the 70 Years of Second World War." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 8, no. 4 (April 1, 2018): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0804.11.
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Critical Discourse Analysis (abbreviated as CDA below), was firstly introduced by an English linguist, Norman Fairclough in the late 1980s. And CDA mainly focuses on public and non-literature discourse and it mainly applies Halliday’s Systematic Functional Grammar (abbreviated as SFG below). Since China announced the decision of holding a military parade to celebrate the 70’s anniversary of WWII victory, massive negative voices among the international society have been crowding in on China. Therefore, the present study was prompted to focus on the news report of China’s military parade to celebrate the victory of WWII from the Guardian, and use Fairclough’s Three-Dimensional Model of CDA as theoretical framework and apply Halliday’s SFG as analytic tools to study two questions: How does the reporter insert his ideology in the news text of the Guardian news report on China’s Military Parade to Mark the 70 Years of Second World War? What kinds of the social and historical ideologies bear in and account for the news? Through the analysis, it finds that Guardian’s reports overemphasize and over interpret the negative influences of parade.
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Munawar, Bushra. "Discourse in Matrix of Power: The Textual Analysis of First Presidential Speech by Donald. J. Trump at White House in the Context of Norman Fairclough’s Modal of Three Levels of Discourse." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 7, no. 7 (December 1, 2018): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.7n.7p.80.
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This research study aims at the analysis of President Donald. J. Trump’s political discourse (his speech) delivered at White House, America on Jan 30, 2018, by discussing it as power discourse. It focuses upon the linguistic and stylistic analysis of president’s political discourse. Hence, the research probes into the detail analysis of how in his speech Donald has used different sentence structures, repetitions, ellipses, parallelism, political jargon, technical vocabulary, figurative language and many other linguistic features. Furthermore, the researcher has also analyzed his speech from the angel of discourse properties his speech exhibits. Since discourses are shaped by power and positioning of the socially conditioned status of the persons, the researcher argues here that his political discourse actually demonstrates Trump’s power position and his ideology as expressed in his speech. Besides, Norman Fairclough’s modal of three levels or dimensions of discourse (Description, interpretation and explanation) has been taken as a theoretical framework of this research study to analyze his speech. The research probes into the detail analysis of how he uses repetitions, ellipses, parallelism, political jargon, anaphoric and anaphoric references in his speech. This is a qualitative research in design and is based on the descriptive analysis. The interpretive analysis as a method has also been adopted to interpret Donald’s speech in framework presented by Fairclough. The significance of the research lies in the fact that it contributes to the field of to the body of Stylistics, Critical Discourse Analysis, Political and Visionary Discourse and modern literary theory.
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Addy, Joshua, and Emmanuel Amo Ofori. "A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Campaign Speech of a Ghanaian Opposition Leader." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 10, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 1279. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1010.14.
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Referring to politicians’ use of language to promote their ideologies before, during and after elections, campaign speeches represent a key genre in political discourse. In this study, we examine the campaign speech of a Ghanaian opposition leader, Nana Akufo-Addo, at the manifesto launch of his party. We analyze his use of language to create identity and solidarity with the electorate, with the aim of persuading them to accept and support his ideas and ultimately vote for him. Drawing on Fairclough’s three-dimensional model of critical discourse analysis (CDA), the study revealed that Nana Addo utilised the pronouns I, you, our and we and repetition to create a positive bond, identify and show solidarity with the electorate. Also, these strategies were aimed at persuading voters to endorse him as the most credible candidate for the position of president. This study contributes to CDA research on the nexus between language, politics and society.
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Palacios Díaz, Diego, Felipe Hidalgo Kawada, Rodrigo Cornejo Chávez, and Noemí Suárez Monzón. "Análisis Político de Discurso: Herramientas conceptuales y analíticas para el estudio crítico de políticas educativas en tiempos de reforma global." education policy analysis archives 27 (May 6, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.27.4269.
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In the context of a global educational reform movement, the principles and policies of the New Public Management (NPM) have become hegemonic to address the educational change in different countries of the world. Despite the critics received, there is a widespread perception that NPM programs are the most suitable to solve the problems that urge contemporary educational systems, which explains the massive adoption of their guidelines in different contexts. Recognizing that discursive and ideational aspects play an important role in this positioning, in this article we offer a set of conceptual and analytical tools to read critically educational policies in times of global reform. To fulfill this purpose, we examine the Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach and we link it with the Political Analysis of Discourse (PDA), a complementary analytical model to the CDA that distinguishes the specificities of the genre of public policies. Subsequently, and through an analytical exercise, we deployed a methodological – practical sequence for critical reading of texts and discourses of educational policy. Finally, we value the conceptual and analytical tools and emphasize on the need to integrate complaints and calls of hope through critical study of the discursive aspects of educational policy.
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Kinza Tariq, Shawal Muhammad Nawaz, and Dr. Aisha Farid. "Imran Khan’s Speech at UNGA: A Reflection on Us vs. Them Divide Using Fairclough’s 3D Model in CDA." Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review (RJSSER) 1, no. 4 (December 26, 2020): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/rjsser-vol1-iss4-2020(34-44).
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Critical Discourse Analysis views language in use as a kind of social practice, it is often applied to political language (discourse— text, talk, and/or visual), including public speeches. This paper critically analyzes the speech by the Prime Minister of Pakistan, delivered at the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) on September 28, 2019. The study uses Fairclough's Three-Dimensional Model, to reflect upon "Us" and "Them" in the context of four major themes of the speech: climate change, money laundering, Islamophobia, and Kashmir. The study uses a mixed-method approach for a thorough review of the speech and discusses power within the discourse and power behind discourse. The findings reveal how language reflects the ideology of the political leaders, and how discourse can form and be formed by social practices. The Prime Minister used language effectively to present the ideological dichotomies between "Us" and "Them" in the context of developing countries-developed countries (powerful politically and economically), Muslims - anti-Muslims, and Pakistan/Kashmir - India. He urged the world-leaders at UNGA's highest political forum, after drawing the line of demarcation, to take steps to resolve the differences to achieve harmony and peace in the world. This research enables the common public of Pakistan to understand their leader in terms of the concept of power by comprehending the profounder meaning that language conveys.
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James Ogola Onyango, Douglas Nkumbo; Sheila P. Wandera-Simwa;. "Critical Discourse Analysis: Ideological Supremacy of Durex Adverts on Facebook Fan Page Kenya." Editon Consortium Journal of Literature and Linguistic Studies 1, no. 2 (July 5, 2019): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.51317/ecjlls.v1i2.61.
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The paper explores ideological supremacy of durex adverts on Facebook fan page Kenya by unpacking the dominant themes in the adverts. Sex education and safe sex advertising remain a global challenge due to its sensitivity and biases derived from attitudes and values that are either personal or related to religion and traditions. Some societies openly discuss taboo topics such as sex, sexual orientations and sexual practices while others are uneasy about doing so. This is a challenge to condoms promoters who use online means to reach people of different cultures worldwide. This study, therefore, critically analyzed Durex adverts in their Facebook fan page Kenya. The study uses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) specifically Norman Fairclough’s 3 -D model and Kress and van Leeuwen’s Grammar of Visual Design. The research designs used was both quantitative and descriptive. Data was collected through making an online observation, retrieving and electronically storing. Purposive sampling procedure was used to arrive at 150 adverts (visuals and written) were downloaded from the Durex Facebook fan page Kenya for analysis. The findings showed that the most dominant theme was pleasure derived from using Durex condoms. Rational appeal was most dominant, and various metaphors were used in Durex adverts to ideologically construct super Durex using various discourses to avoid discussing matters of sex openly. This research will add knowledge to the field of Critical Discourse Analysis, especially in health communication and taboo topics.
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Mantovan, Lara. "E Pluribus Unum: The Detection of Political Persuasion Through Discourse Analysis." International Journal of Linguistics 12, no. 4 (July 7, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v12i4.16859.
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Political discourse involves particular lexical choices, grammatical features, rhetorical devices, and nonverbal signals. Politicians often capitalize on them in order to influence recipients’ state of mind and persuade them to share their world image. Particular persuasive strategies are used as tools to deliberately manufacture mass consent. On their part, the addressees of political discourse are not often aware of the effects of these particular discourse features in terms of audience control.This paper aims at discussing discourse analysis as a diagnostic tool for the assessment of power relations and the transmission of ideological beliefs. In the spirit of Critical Discourse Analysis and in particular Fairclough’s (1989) ten-question model, the paper proposes a multimodal analysis of Barack Obama’s Victory Speech. The study reveals that the detection of political messages (in this case, the importance of national unity) is triggered by the presence of ideologically significant lexical elements, grammatical features, rhetorical techniques, and discourse markers that function as ideological cues. Their simultaneous distribution, together with specific non-verbal markers (i.e. eye gaze and baton signs). contributes to reinforcing the proposed ideological beliefs.
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Setiawan, Heri. "Deconstructing Concealed Gayness Text in The Film Negeri van Oranje: Critical Discourse Analysis." Jurnal Humaniora 30, no. 1 (February 24, 2018): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jh.26991.
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As one of the most popular creative cultural products, film sometimes speaks beyond what it presents. It is not always produced merely for entertainment purposes, but also to spread a certain ideology and represent a particular culture. Anchored in queer theory, this research looks at the Indonesian film, Negeri Van Oranje, which was chosen purposely to be analyzed using Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis model with an aim to deconstruct the concealed gayness text in the film. From the analysis, it was found that the gay scenes in the film try to tell its audience about the positions, feelings, challenges, and rejections that Indonesian gay people experience living amongst heteronormative surroundings. Some new notions about gay people’s life in Indonesia are extracted based on the analysis of the gay scenes in the film. The strategy of inserting gay content into a film nationally released in Indonesia is also revealed. The results of the analysis could be used to create a picture of what gay life looks like in Indonesia, a multicultural country that is well-known as the place in which the world’s largest Muslim population dwells.
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Setiawan, Heri. "Deconstructing Concealed Gayness Text in The Film Negeri van Oranje: Critical Discourse Analysis." Jurnal Humaniora 30, no. 1 (February 24, 2018): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jh.v30i1.26991.
Full textAbstract:
As one of the most popular creative cultural products, film sometimes speaks beyond what it presents. It is not always produced merely for entertainment purposes, but also to spread a certain ideology and represent a particular culture. Anchored in queer theory, this research looks at the Indonesian film, Negeri Van Oranje, which was chosen purposely to be analyzed using Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis model with an aim to deconstruct the concealed gayness text in the film. From the analysis, it was found that the gay scenes in the film try to tell its audience about the positions, feelings, challenges, and rejections that Indonesian gay people experience living amongst heteronormative surroundings. Some new notions about gay people’s life in Indonesia are extracted based on the analysis of the gay scenes in the film. The strategy of inserting gay content into a film nationally released in Indonesia is also revealed. The results of the analysis could be used to create a picture of what gay life looks like in Indonesia, a multicultural country that is well-known as the place in which the world’s largest Muslim population dwells.
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Rafiqa, Syarifa. "COMPARISON OF THE MODEL CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS BY MILLS AND FAIRCLOUGH AT ONLINE MEDIA IN CASE REPORTING OF “IKAN ASIN”." Hortatori : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 3, no. 2 (January 22, 2020): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/jh.v3i2.218.
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Abstract: This study examines how the relationship between gender language and ideology is constructed in media texts, and aims to interrogate a small number of articles taken from the most widely read online editions of national newspapers in Indonesia regarding online media reporting on the harassment of women in the "Ikan Asin" case. The focuses of this research are 1) how the women are displayed in the text. 2) How media displays texts, discursive practices that include the production and consumption of texts, and social practices. 3) What are the differences between the Mills and Fairlough critical discourse analysis models? The results of the study are that women are displayed positively even though the case they experience is negative. Text production is closely related to the ideology of journalists and the media as well as the audiences who consume the text. Both Mills and Fairclough's critical discourse analysis models have similarities and differences in analyzing texts. Key Words: Critical Discourse Analysis, Mills, Fairclough, Ikan Asin.
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Aljuaythin, Wafa. "Gender Representation in EFL Textbooks in Saudi Arabia: A Critical Discourse Analysis Approach." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 7, no. 5 (September 1, 2018): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.7n.5p.151.
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This study investigates the representation of gender in two English as a Foreign Language textbooks for elementary students in Saudi schools. It employs the three stages of Fairclough’s (2015) three-dimensional model: description, interpretation, and explanation. The analysis phase of the description stage is concerned with analyzing four aspects: the frequency of male and female occurrences, the kinds of activity that the two genders engage in, the pictorial representations of the two genders, and the social and domestic roles associated with males and females. Subsequently, after compiling quantitative data on these aspects, the analysis moves to a qualitative interpretation of these aspects in relation to the social context. In the final stage of the analysis, when the discussion aims to reach a final critical explanation on the macro level, the underlying ideological functions of power relations and social struggles are explained in terms of the dominance approach to language (Spender, 1980). The analysis of the two textbooks reveals a gender imbalance in favor of males. This imbalance has led to the representation of women as marginalized and stereotypical figures. This study suggests that such an underrepresentation of women could create a false reality surrounding perceptions of women and hinder the process of ensuring equality to all humans.
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Ahmad, Muhammad, and Syed Kazim Shah. "A Critical Discourse Analysis of Gender Representations in the Content of 5th Grade English Language Textbook." International and Multidisciplinary Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/rimcis.2019.3989.
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This study investigates gender representation in an English language textbook taught to the students of Grade-5 in public and private schools in Punjab (Pakistan) by applying Fairclough’s three-dimensional model. For this purpose, content and critical discourse analyses approaches were applied to check eight-factor gender discrimination in the said textbook. As a result, it was observed that the said textbook was highly gender biased which represented males more than females. It also appeared that the said textbook had been designed to maintain male dominance in implicit as well as explicit ways. Such state of affairs may lead to gender discrimination in practical lives. Therefore, the study suggests that both genders should be represented in an equalized proportion. This can be achieved by increasing the number of female authors and sensitizing the teachers about gender discrimination and asking them to highlight gender biased issues in education.
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Wuryaningrum, Rusdhianti. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS INSURANCE ADVERTISING IN ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING LEARNING FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS." RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya 13, no. 1 (February 23, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/retorika.v13i1.11311.
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This study aims to describe the application through the Fairclough Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) model on insurance advertising and its effectiveness in argumentative writing learning. The research method is a mixing qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative methods are applied by using the Fairclough's CDA model that applies micro, meso, and macro dimensions. Quantitative methods are used to measure the effectiveness of Fairclough CDA modelon argumentative writing learning. The results showed the use of language, connectivity, and hegemony with future concerns caused by lifestyle and social demands, and calamity with phrases as a form of the claim that needs to be made a counterclaim. This strongly supports the argumentation content. The Mann Whitney U test shows significance value of 0,000 is ≤0.005. Thus, it can be concluded that Fairclough CDA modelapplication of learning with CDA is effective for improving learning outcomes in argumentative writing.
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Ahmad, Farooq, Muhammad Ali Shahid, Gulshan Naz, Muhammad Shaffaqat, and Rana Muhammad Basharat Saee. "Analyzing Chief Selector-cum-Head Coach Misbah’s Virgin Press Edict through CDA Vibes." International Journal of English Language Studies 3, no. 4 (April 25, 2021): 09–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijels.2021.3.4.2.
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This paper aims to reconnoitre multifaceted aspects of Fairclough’s three-faceted Critical Discourse Analysis model with its application on Misbah’s Virgin press edict when he was appointed Chief Selector-cum-Head Coach of Cricket Team of Pakistan-by-Pakistan Cricket Board, PCB (DAWN, Press Release December 05, 019). This paper snapshots the cogent and logical subterfuges of newly appointed Selector-cum-Head Coach Misbah’s’ public speaking enshrined in the inaugural press edict in Dan News. It also pronounces the camouflage agenda of the speech to be revealed critically. It dawns upon the people how language manipulation works wonders and influences the people's minds in society.
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Maghvira, Genta. "Analisis Wacana Kritis pada Pemberitaan TEMPO.CO tentang Kematian Taruna STIP JAKARTA." Jurnal The Messenger 9, no. 2 (July 26, 2017): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/themessenger.v9i2.463.
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<em>The purpose of this research is to know critical discourse analysis of the news about the death of taruna STIP that Tempo.co has been published. This research notice all of the aspects such as microstructure, meso-structure, and macrostructure. This research uses a news from Tempo.co with title ‘Taruna STIP Tewas Dihajar Senior, Ini Kronologinya,’ online published in January 11<sup>th</sup> 2017. This research uses Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis model. Qualitative method has been used as basic thinking and critical paradigm as research standpoint. The result shows that Tempo.co does an election diction; use of the causation phrase; and selecting resource in direct quotation. Realization of the result rates in line with the Tempo.co’s company mission. Which is to create an independent multimedia product that free from any pressure. There was a motivation in news produced which lead the reader to give a positive sight for Tempo.co.</em>
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Ademilokun, Mohammed Ayodeji. "A CORPUS-ASSISTED CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF MODALITY IN SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION CAMPAIGNS IN NIGERIA." Discourse and Interaction 12, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 5–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/di2019-2-5.
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This article examines modal resources in the mediatised discourse of social transformation in Nigeria with a view to showing how they are strategically used to code interpersonal meanings for enhanced and impactful delivery of messages of social transformation in the nation. Data for the study comprises texts on aspects of social transformation campaigns in Nigeria in the context of democracy, anti-corruption crusade, insecurity and domestic violence compiled as small corpora. The data comprises texts produced by government and non-governmental actors consisting of speeches, radio commentaries, jingles, printed texts, interviews, tweets and online newspaper comments and covers the period from March 2013 to March 2018. The five-year span was informed by the wide gamut of negative realities in the nation during the time frame which led to increased mediatisation of social transformation messages. Corpus-assisted critical discourse approach was employed for data analysis, using Fairclough’s (1989, revised 2015) dialectical relational approach, the corpus linguistic tool of Antconc, chi-square test on R-Studio and normalised relative frequencies. Data analysis revealed that the different participants in the discourse characteristically used different modal resources to reflect their power on the one hand and resistance on the other and to capture the intensity of their views and feelings on the actions required for Nigeria to experience genuine social transformation. The study concludes that even though the discourse is largely ideational, modal resources are deployed for emphasising the urgency and seriousness of the issues in the ideational contents of the discourse.
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Sikandar, Aliya. "A Critical Discourse Analysis of Business Academia on the Role and Status of the National Language." Journal of Education and Educational Development 4, no. 2 (November 14, 2017): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.22555/joeed.v4i2.1162.
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<p><em>This qualitative case study is an exploration of the phenomenon of the ways in which Urdu as the national language is represented in discursive practices of senior business academia. The research design, built on Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) model (2009) is of dialectical-relational approach. The participant in this single case study is a senior member of the academia from a business school. Methodologically, the analysis trailed four stages and followed CDA’s transdisciplinary traditional methods of social practices in three semiotic categories: genre, discourse and style. Findings of the study indicated that despite strong emotional links with the national language, the participant recognized the utilitarian value of English in academic and in professional domains; additionally, his perspective was that Urdu was largely marginalized due to its perceived lack of utilitarian value. The participant also expressed the viewpoint that this social injustice was needed by the social order because the business school requires English for academic and professional purposes. The study recommends a more inclusive addition of Urdu courses in business studies. </em></p>
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Manan, Nanan Abdul. "‘Sontoloyo' and 'Genderuwo'; Critical Discourse Analysis on Jokowi’s Utterance." Langkawi: Journal of The Association for Arabic and English 5, no. 1 (June 29, 2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31332/lkw.v5i1.1257.
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This study discusses Joko Widodo’s utterance in several moments. Jokowi is the president of the Indonesian Republic. He would like to participate in the reelection of the presidential election in April 2019. Many statements of him make public perceptions appear different. In this case, there is two big points of research that can be famous dictions in this era. ‘sontoloyo’ and ‘genderuwo’ are two interesting dictions to discuss. As a popular person, Jokowi’s utterances occur as public discourses. Many perspectives are produced by many analysts in multidiscipline views. Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is used as a framework to analyze the utterances related to many perspectives of language. Fairclough model is a choice for analyzing in depth of the research. It states in three big points; text analysis (description), processing analysis (interpretation) andsocial analysis (explanation). The researcher uses a qualitative method. The data related with the sontoloyo and genderuwo utterance comes from news online the Jakarta Post. By using Fairclough theory, the researcher explains the text in the relationship with the situation of political moment, the speaker as government and candidate of the presidential election. The text gives many interpretation and relationship with the social condition.
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Pan, Li. "Ideological positioning in news translation." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 27, no. 2 (June 8, 2015): 215–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.27.2.03pan.
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This article investigates the Chinese translations of several English news reports on China’s human rights issue carried in Reference News, a Chinese authoritative state-run newspaper devoted to translating foreign reports for the Chinese reader, and aims to establish how evaluative resources are resorted to by the translators to facilitate ideologically different positioning in presenting events and identifying participants in the translated news. The translations are compared with their English source texts using Appraisal Theory (Martin and White 2005) as the micro analytical framework and Fairclough’s (1995a, 1995b) three-dimension model of Critical Discourse Analysis as the explanatory framework.
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Tiruneh, Daniel, Getachew Baye, and Yosef Beco Dubi. "A Critical Discourse Analysis of COVID-19 in Ethiopia: Rethinking the Past and Defining the Present." Journal of Language and Literature 20, no. 2 (October 5, 2020): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v20i2.2608.
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<p><em>The purpose of this study is to unearth the landscape of social media and analyse the contents. Contents of social media, in Ethiopia, are varying over the course of changes in politics, health, socio-economic conditions of the country. Some of the contents are reflected in the forms of narratives, comments, briefings, anecdotes, and verses to list a few. Contents changing the way people interact with each other and share information, personal messages, and opinions about situations, objects, and past experiences- rethinking the past, themes are linked to the present and define the present Ethiopia. In order to attain the stated objective, the researchers developed critical discourse analysis as a research methodology and adapted Norman Fairclough’s model of Analysis as a theoretical framework. Most social media texts are short online conversational posts or comments that do not contain enough information for a full textual analysis. Therefore, using purposive sampling six excerpts were collected from various discourses of the social media platforms, particularly Facebook, Facebook messenger, and YouTube. Based on the contexts of the discourses, the analysis was categorized thematically. The study concluded that social media users used the platform as a means to reflect both the status quo of the past and linking to the current COVID-19 and its socio-economic impacts. COVID-19 is depicted as a disease, resulting from human wrongdoings, very dangerous which is deadly even to Satan. It is also depicted as a warrior, an extremely hungry predator looking for its prey, ready to eat up human being ravenous without a need for proper chewing. </em></p>
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Zafran, Fareha, Hanan Afzal, Zafar Iqbal, Khurram Shahzad, and Maria Niaz. "IMRAN KHAN’S EFFECTIVE SPEECHES CONCERNING COVID-19 FUNDRAISING: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 9, no. 3 (June 11, 2021): 902–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.9388.
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Purpose: The primary purpose of the present study is to analyze the speeches of PM Imran, which he delivered to persuade the economic organizations and masses for fundraising on the first and 4th April, respectively.
Method: The research is qualitative and analytical. The primary data was collected from the speeches and telethons on two well-known news channels of Pakistan. Theoretical/secondary data have been collected from various online sources. The data were analyzed employing Fairclough’s 3D model—Textual, at the first step, processing, at the second step, and finally the social implication(s).
Main Findings: The textual analysis suggests that the Prime Minister deliberately focuses on the lower class—‘people’ of Pakistan. Therefore, he persuaded the local individuals and the international organizations; more, he also conquered the minds of Pakistani ex-pats living in foreign and convinced them to send aids and foreign remittances. These speeches also immediately affected and motivated the local non-profit services organizations and masses to help others throughout the pandemic. Hence, the public figure (celebrities or characters) also promoted the idea of Prime Minister).
Application of the Study: The study suggests the techniques for the speakers how they would manage to make balanced speeches under challenging times. Various linguistic techniques are employed and tested adopting from the other researchers, which may also be helpful for future researchers. Hence, general social individuals would also find the cultural referents for the economic fundraising techniques utilizing the linguistic technique; for instance, Imran Khan successfully employed these to collect the funds for hospitals, universities, and the state.
The Originality of the Study: According to the researchers' best knowledge, the study is innovative as no such type of study was conducted in the context, i.e., the context speeches relevant to fundraising. This research argues that a parliamentary system is a more desirable and efficient system of government than others. This research explains the differences between both these systems. Both the houses of these parliaments provide different services that require separate investigation and throw further light on the subject.
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Hamedi, Seyyed Alireza, Seyyedeh Mina Hamedi, Seyyedeh Maryam Hamedi, and Seyyedeh Massoumeh Hamedi. "An Investigation into the Optimal Experience in Reading Journalistic Texts in Light of Instructing Fairclough’s and Van Dijk’s Model." International and Multidisciplinary Journal of Social Sciences 6, no. 3 (November 30, 2017): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/rimcis.2017.2848.
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The present study aims at exploring the extent to which Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) familiarity may have an impact on flow experience. In so doing, the community sample of 60 students comprising 16 males and 44 females participated in the study. Initially, the pretest was conducted to ensure the homogeneity of their proficiency level. Besides, the participants were asked to reflect on their flow experience while reading three distinct genres of journalistic texts prior to the application of the treatment. During the treatment phase, they were instructed how to critically examine other journalistic texts relying on Fairclough’s (1989) three dimensional model along with Van Dijk’s (1995) theoretical framework of CDA over 10 successive sessions. Finally, utilizing paired- samples t-tests, the results of the posttests on the very three texts which were conducted at the pretest stage, indicated that the application of CDA has a significant influence on the students’ optimal experience while reading descriptive, expository, and narrative genres of journalistic texts.
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Muhammad Ramzan and Dr. Abdul Karim Khan. "A Critical Discourse Analysis of Powerlessness in Mohsin Hamid’s Novel “Moth Smoke”." sjesr 3, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol3-iss4-2020(106-112).
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This paper is an attempt to explore powerlessness in the discourses of Mohsin Hamid’s novel Moth Smoke (2000)' from the perspective of Fairclough's Three Dimension Model (TDM). The main issue of the paper is to examine the communicative process as to how and why the powerless are made to feel inferior. It is a common practice in today's society that in social gatherings a man always wants to show higher which in most of the cases is exercised through language. As analyzing texts through CDA carries objectivity, so the text understudy yielded the theme of powerlessness projected through the word choice of the writer. Through the analysis of the selected discourse, two-class have been found i.e. the upper class and the lower class. They are represented as powerful and powerless respectively. The elites enjoy a luxurious life but the poor often turn to be criminals. Because of this scenario, Fairclough's approach to CDA is quite an appropriate perspective to explore such social issues enacted in the society.
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Zhu, Lei, and Wei Wang. "A Critical Discourse Analysis of the US and China Political Speeches—Based on the Two Speeches Respectively by Trump and Wang Yi in the General Debate of the 72nd Session of UN Assembly." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 11, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1103.12.
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The research attempts to analyze two political discourses delivered respectively by American president Donald Trump and Chinese foreign minister Wang Yi in the 72nd session of UN assembly. With Fairclough’s 3-Dimensional Discourse Model as the analytical framework, we make an investigation into the two political discourses so as to gain insights into the interplay of discourse, ideology and society, by examining linguistic characteristics of text, discursive and social practice dimensions. On the first dimension of text, we find that both leaders prefer Judgment resources to the other two resources within the Affect System in their remarks, by resorting to the new advancement in Systemic Functional Grammar—Martin’s Attitude subsystem under his Appraisal framework, and closely examining the interpersonal metafunctions, coupled with statistical measures. Within the Judgment subsystem, there exist significant differences between the two speeches in terms of Tenacity+ resources. On the dimension of discursive practice, our research reveals that both leaders use a great number of intertextuality resources in the remarks. Besides, both leaders have a preference to the sub-category of “The Original Producer of Discourse being the Speaker’s Compatriots” under the category of “Intertextuality”. That is, Wang Yi has a preference for the lines of Chinese sages in the Antiquity, whereas Trump is fond of using intertextuality resources from a diversity of domains, such as laws and statues, legal texts and documents of governments. Lastly, we develop an understanding of roles played by “American First” ideology and Chinese government’s national interest in today’s political arena through analyzing technologizing means of discourses.
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Massoud Abdelwahab, Dalia Abdelwahab. "El-Sisi’s Speech on the 47th Anniversary of the October Victory: A Critical Discourse Analysis." Arab World English Journal 12, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol12no3.11.
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Critical discourse analysis (CDA) is a modern branch of linguistics. The current study applies CDA to a televised speech of El-Sisi, the Egyptian president, on the 47th anniversary of October Victory in its English version. The study aims to reveal ideologies behind the publishing of the speech and its role in shaping the mentality of Egyptians. The researcher applies Fairclough’s (2014a) three-dimensional model. She also uses Halliday and Matthiessen’s (2014) metafunctions of systemic functional grammar (SFG) as the tool for analysis. The analysis is mainly qualitative. The research answers some questions. The first one is: ‘How the constructive ideologies are expressed through their linguistic structures and features in the English version of El-Sisi’s speech on the 47th of October victory ceremony?’ The second is ‘what is the explanation for including such confidential ideologies in the published English version of El-Sisi’s speech?’ A significant finding is that the delivered messages of the speech reflect some ideological orientations. The ideological orientations are affected and determined by the dominant social ideologies and the general orientation of institutions in Egypt. The study aims to help readers use their skills in analyzing any discourse systematically. The study also highlights the fundamental ideologies needed to direct Egyptians for the benefit of their country. Future researches can focus on the role of words in reflecting ideologies or the role of explicitation and implicitation techniques in conveying beliefs and confidential ideologies.
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McGarry, Karen. "Multitextual Literacy in Educational Settings: Contextual Analysis and the Dab." Art/Research International: A Transdisciplinary Journal 4, no. 2 (August 30, 2019): 480–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.18432/ari29450.
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Literacy is more directly linked to language arts than the visual arts even though both disciplines demand a high level of proficiency knowledge. This article examines how Feldman’s (1970) art criticism model, applied in visual arts and aesthetics, and Fairclough’s (2015) critical discourse analysis (CDA), used predominantly in literacy research, imbricate to reveal a multitextual literacy approach to gesture as an extension of utterance. Transdisciplinary textual analysis, supported by Bakhtin’s theories on addressivity and social language construction (1986), critique both cultural appropriation and media literacy. Gesture, as an extension of utterance, transpired from witnessing a random gestural act, blurring textual boundaries in a decoding process to suggest multiliterate awareness in learning ecologies. Art criticism reflection and CDA reveal methods for examining communication processes within cultural contexts and, as a result, suggest integration into educational settings as vital tools for conscientious textual decoding praxis.
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Mahmood, Sidra. "Written Text on Pakistani Vehicles: A Critical Discourse Analysis." Journal of Communication, Language and Culture 1, no. 1 (August 30, 2021): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33093/jclc.2021.1.1.3.
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Linguistically, the word ‘language’ has shifted into ‘discourse’ which is a social phenomenon not only to express the thoughts but also to reflect the mindset and contexts of a specific community. The purpose of this study is to examine the slogans written on Pakistani automobiles and to understand the logic behind the social and cultural affiliations of these slogans. Pakistani culture of the art of making pictures and written phrases, poetic verses and imperative sentences on vehicles is famous all over the world. The study has analysed the writings found on vehicles, and although these writings might look trivial on the automobiles, they address various social issues. The Three-Dimensional Model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) by Fairclough (2001) is used as a theoretical framework that explains the study at three levels: lexical, syntactic patterns, interpretations, and social practices. The discourses written on the vehicles are characterised into different categories, which are life’s mission statements, loud messages, mind baffling messages, everyday life annoyances, provoking statements, and religious looms. Twenty images and pictures have been captured from vehicles as a random sample of this study. The results reveal the mindset behind these discourses. They are used to highlight social issues which Pakistan faces, being a developing country. In short, the study discloses the strong link between the vehicles and the people using them to convey messages to the society which can bring harmony among the public. The current study is limited to only Pakistani motor vehicles.
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Nasution, Sukma Septian, Nur Najibah Sukmawati, Azhar Aziz Lubis, Tommy Hastomo, and Lodya Sesriyani. "Using critical discourse analysis to explore an authentic teaching material: A focus on language and power." Studies in English Language and Education 7, no. 2 (September 3, 2020): 527–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v7i2.16636.
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Many EFL students show anxiety when speaking English in Indonesia. Therefore, when it comes to pedagogical context, critical discourse analysis (CDA) has a significant role to explore linguistics unit, socio-cultural context, and ideology of the text learners need to understand. This study aims at analysing the relation of language and power behind a text entitled ‘Driving Age, Increasing’ and making use of it to pedagogical context. The chosen text is an authentic material adopted from ‘Debatabase’, a book on building argumentative skills. By using Fairclough’s model (1989), the text was examined through three steps of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), namely description, interpretation, and explanation. Then, the analysis is interrelated with the nature of discussion text taught to the learners. The result of the analysis shows that the text is dominated by material, verbal, and relational processes, formal, complex, repetitive, evidence-based, multi-perspective, and over-wording dictions underpinned in an institutionalized social activity and unspecialized semantic domain. Further, the relationship between the author and the readers indicates there is equality in power shown by the provided equal analytical perspectives and evidence-based arguments to both conflicting parties toward the issue. As it fits the nature of discussion text, the paper ends with recommendations for EFL teachers to make use of CDA in raising learners’ language awareness.
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Manzoor, Fehmida, and Fouzia Rehman Khan. "Identity Formation and Discourse of Power: A Study of Us, Them and Othering in Nervous Conditions." International Journal of English Linguistics 8, no. 4 (April 25, 2018): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v8n4p262.
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This study was designed to trace the deconstruction of authoritative officialized history in fiction through Postmodern Historigraphic Metafiction. Historiographic Metafiction dismantles the metanarrative of official history and raises the voice of silenced subaltern thus generates mininarratives. The study is thus grounded in Postmodern Historiographic Metafictional theory of Linda Hutcheon for investigation of the “subversive strategies” of officialized history and deconstruction of positively accentuated binary of “us” and negatively accentuated binary of “them” in the backdrop of postcolonial literary text Nervous Conditions. Norman Fairclough’s model of Critical Discourse Analysis is taken up as a research method for the analysis of fictionalized historical work under study. Finally, text is analyzed leading to the conclusion of the study. The study shows that fiction unveils the official overriding history and provides new perspectives of untold historical events.
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Tsvetkova, Elena, and Sylvie Lomer. "Academic excellence as “competitiveness enhancement” in Russian higher education." International Journal of Comparative Education and Development 21, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijced-08-2018-0029.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse critically the Russian Academic Excellence Initiative (the Project 5-100), designed to propel five leading Russian universities into world university rankings (WURs) by 2020, and research it through the lens of neoliberalism. The paper seeks to reveal recurrent discourses and dominant orders of discourse constituting the overall concept of “excellence” in Russian higher education (HE) policy. Design/methodology/approach Since the Project 5-100 has been designed in line with a neoliberal model of academic excellence initiatives, emphasising “competition as a driver of excellence” (Hazelkorn, 2009), Fairclough’s approach to critical discourse analysis (CDA) has been adopted as a qualitative research method. There is no universally accepted definition of “excellence” in HE policy; therefore, this CDA also aims at revealing the Russian government’s vision of the concept and its voice in HE policy. Findings The paper concludes that the government reinforces neoliberal discourse on the HE agenda and transforms the 5-100 Universities’ identities through emphasising the role of WURs in modernising the HE system. Consequently, within the neoliberal paradigm, the Project 5-100 can be regarded as a manifestation of the commodification of “excellence” in Russian HE policy. Originality/value This research intends to broaden knowledge of excellence initiatives in HE policy and reveal their features and neoliberal natures. It also seeks to contribute in terms of showcasing a qualitative study of the Project 5-100 for future comparative analyses of similar HE policies.
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Caetano, Carmem. "SPECIAL EDUCATION CLASSROOMS, LANGUAGE, AND SPACE: A DISCURSIVE-LINGUISTIC REFLECTION." Linguagem em (Dis)curso 14, no. 3 (December 2014): 687–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-4017-140314-0314.
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Originating from the notion of space and language as formulated by Gunn (2002) and based on the theoretical foundation of Critical Discourse Analysis, as proposed by Norman Fairclough (2003), this paper deals with the investigation of identity (re)construction for teachers in special education classrooms in Brazil. Elements from Fairclough's theory are used to approach the category of space in language praxis for the purpose of investigating, specifically, how people involved in the social events of special education represent this social space and how issues of power and ideology are perceived in the discourse (s) of this education assistant model.
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Ali, Akbar, Salma Hassan, and Fazal Hanan. "Propagation of Ideologies through Textbooks: A Study of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa English Textbooks." Global Regional Review IV, no. I (March 31, 2019): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019(iv-i).06.
Full textAbstract:
The main purpose of the study is to highlight the ideological representation of an Islamic state, Pakistan along with leadership mindset in the textbook. It is a discourse study of the prescribed English textbook used as a core teaching material at intermediate level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. The researcher has analyzed various extracts and taken different lessons from the textbook of English compulsory taught at second year in the intermediate level. The study has used the Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis as a tool for the analysis of the textbook. In this connection the researcher has used the three dimensional model as framework for the analysis of the textbook. After a detailed analysis of the various lessons in the textbook, the researcher has given findings and further recommendations at the end of the study. The findings show that the prescribed textbook taught at intermediate level represents the ideology of the state as well as Islamic ideology along with the leadership qualities for the students.
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Muhammad Ramzan and Dr. Abdul Karim Khan. "Discursive Construction of Power Relations in Pashtun Society in Hamid Khan’s Short Story Badmash." Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review (RJSSER) 1, no. 4 (December 26, 2020): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/rjsser-vol1-iss4-2020(157-162).
Full textAbstract:
This paper deals with the critical exploration of Power in the Pashtun society depicted in Hamid Khan’s Badmash. The story was published in The Journal of the English Literary Club Department of English, University of Peshawar, Pakistan, and session 1982-1983. The story portrays the realistic picture of the Pashtun society where there is the rule of the powerful. Those who commit crimes and murders can grab every lucrative opportunity. They get very influential. This badly affects the younger generation as they are negatively influenced. Hamid Khan has a critical eye on the evils prevailed in the society. The researchers used Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as the tool for critical investigation of the selected lines, passages, or excerpts which contain power exercise in every shape such as power through language, wealth, or through bodily strength. In this regard, Fairclough’s (1989) Three Dimensional Model (TDM) of CDA has been adopted for the analysis of the text.
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Luke, Joice Yulinda, Monika Widyastuti Surtikanti, and Sumarlam Sumarlam. ""Itu Sebuah Skandal": Lexical and Sociocultural Interpretation in Critical Discourse Analysis of Fadli Zon's Tweet." Humaniora 12, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v12i1.6907.
Full textAbstract:
There were two objectives of the research. The first was to analyze the word ‘scandal’ from textual analysis (micro-level) and sociocultural analysis (macro-level). To analyze the findings, the research made use of Norman Fairclough’s model as the basis of critical discourse analysis. The research was qualitative, which tended to use inductive as the approach. There were 23 informants who participated in the survey and the FGD. They were selected purposively based on their profession and the workplace areas. The data were the four of Fadli Zon’s tweets containing the word ‘scandal’ and its context, which was available in some online media. Research content based on the textual analysis (microanalysis) shows that the text structure is short and directly conveys Fadli Zon’s criticism or negative assumptions toward any policies of government issues. Besides, the macro analysis indicates Fadli Zon has a dominant power to utter the negative judgments toward the government regarding the position in the government structure as one of the leaders in the Indonesian House of Representative. Substantially, the use of specific terms’ scandal’ overall illustrates the negative opinions and indicating declining trust in the policymakers on certain governmental issues. The use of cynicism, sarcasm, and satire styles colors Fadli Zon’s tweets that are also accompanying the overused of ‘scandal’ word. The analysis based on the dimension of discourse practice (micro-level) indicates that using the word ‘scandal’ in Fadli Zon’s tweets is cynical according to the public opinions. The analysis based on the social-cultural practice dimension (macro-level) indicates that Fadli Zon is one Indonesian politician who is often opposed to the Indonesian government policies.