Journal articles on the topic 'Fair working condition'
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Nishi, Tatsushi, Taichi Sugiyama, and Masahiro Inuiguchi. "Two-level decomposition algorithm for crew rostering problems with fair working condition." European Journal of Operational Research 237, no. 2 (September 2014): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2014.02.010.
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Holm, Søren. "Controlled human infection with SARS-CoV-2 to study COVID-19 vaccines and treatments: bioethics in Utopia." Journal of Medical Ethics 46, no. 9 (July 2, 2020): 569–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2020-106476.
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A number of papers have appeared recently arguing for the conclusion that it is ethically acceptable to infect healthy volunteers with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 as part of research projects aimed at developing COVID-19 vaccines or treatments. This position has also been endorsed in a statement by a working group for the WHO. The papers generally argue that controlled human infection (CHI) is ethically acceptable if (1) the risks to participants are low and therefore acceptable, (2) the scientific quality of the research is high, (3) the research has high social value, (4) participants give full informed consent, and (5) there is fair selection of participants. All five conditions are necessary premises in the overall argument that such research is ethically acceptable. The arguments concerning risk and informed consent have already been critically discussed in the literature. This paper therefore looks specifically at the arguments relating to condition 3 ‘high social value’ and condition 5 ‘fair selection of participants’ and shows that whereas they may be valid, they are not sound. It is highly unlikely that the conditions that are necessary for ethical CHI trials to take place will be fulfilled. Most, if not all, CHI trials will thus be well intentioned but unethical.
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FATOUROU, PANAGIOTA, MARIOS MAVRONICOLAS, and PAUL SPIRAKIS. "MAX-MIN FAIR FLOW CONTROL SENSITIVE TO PRIORITIES." Journal of Interconnection Networks 06, no. 02 (June 2005): 85–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219265905001332.
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Flow control is the dominant technique currently used in communication networks for preventing excess traffic from flooding the network, and for handling congestion. In rate-based flow control, transmission rates of sessions are adjusted in an end-to-end manner through a sequence of operations. In this work, we present a theory of max-min fair, rate-based flow control sensitive to priorities of different sessions, as a significant extension of the classical theory of max-min fair, rate-based flow control to networks supporting applications with diverse requirements on network resources. Each individual session bears a priority function, which maps the session's priority to a transmission rate; the priority is a working abstraction of the session's priority to bandwidth access. Priority functions enable the specification of requirements on bandwidth access by distributed applications, and the formal handling of such requirements. We present priority max-min fairness, as a novel and well motivated fairness condition which requires that assigned rates correspond, through the priority functions, to priorities comprising a max-min vector. We also introduce priority bottleneck algorithms gradually update a session's rate until when its priority is restricted on a priority bottleneck edge of the network. We establish a collection of interesting combinatorial properties of priority bottleneck algorithms. Most significantly, we show that they can only converge to priority max-min fairness. As an application of our general theory, we embed priority bottleneck algorithms in the more realistic optimistic framework for rate-based flow control. The optimistic framework allows for both decreases and increases of session rates. We exploit these additionally provided semantics to prove further combinatorial properties for the termination of priority bottleneck algorithms in the optimistic framework. We use these properties to conclude the first optimistic algorithms for efficient, max-min fair, rate-based flow control sensitive to priorities.
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Das, Mamata, Prerna Khati, Rita Banik, Asmita Bhowmik, Mousumi Chakraborty, Bithi Das, Puja Das, et al. "A study to assess the knowledge regarding bio-medical waste management among the staff nurses working in selected hospital, Siliguri." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 9, no. 11 (October 26, 2022): 1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20222663.
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Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus, is a major health concern that affects people around the world, and is increasing yearly. When blood glucose levels go below normal, a condition known as hypoglycemia, an immediate consequence of diabetes mellitus, occurs. The International Diabetes Federation reported that there were 451 million diabetics globally in 2017 and by 2045, it is anticipated that there will be 693 million. The objective of this study was to assess the level of knowledge of diabetic patient regarding hypoglycaemia and to find out the association between the levels of knowledge of diabetic patient on hypoglycaemia with their selected demographic variable.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study, was carried out in the month of June 2022. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview 100 study participants who were diabetes patients who had been admitted to the medical ward and who had visited the endocrinology outpatient department.Results: 52% of the samples had fair knowledge on hypoglycemia, while 23% of them had poor knowledge. Demographic variable such as age, income, treatment, frequency of taking medicine, experience of symptoms of hypoglycemia and dietary habit were statistically significant with the level of knowledge, p<0.05.Conclusions: The study's findings highlighted the fact that most diabetes mellitus patients had a fair understanding of hypoglycemia. The health care personnel should also take time and efforts to educate patients about the sign of hypoglycemia. So that hypoglycemic episodes and morbidity could be reduced or prevented at primordial level.
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Syaebani, Muhammad Irfan, and Riani Rachmawati. "Romance in the Workplace: Analysis of Justice Perception toward Policies Concerning Romance in the Workplace." Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan | Journal of Theory and Applied Management 10, no. 2 (October 5, 2017): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jmtt.v10i2.4509.
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Romance in the workplace is a common phenomenon and inevitable from organization dynamics. Romance in the workplace has double effects to the organization: positive and negative. Therefore, organization must be careful in formulating policies concerning this phenomenon. Literature said that in formulation policies concerning romance in the workplace it must be started from organizational justice theory. This research tries to find out what policies which perceived as the most fair. Quasi experiment method with scenario instrument is chosen. This method allows experiment subjects to give response to different combinations/varieties of romance in the workplace based on 4 criterias (type of romance – origin of couple – impact of romance – romance policies). Subject of experiment is master students of management study program in Universitas Indonesia who has working experiences as condition for participating and 30 students agreed to partake in experiment. Result shows that giving counseling is perceived as the most fair policy for all combinations/varieties of romance in the workplace. It shows that organization’s response to romance in the workplace should not coercive policies.
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Pérez-de la Cruz, Sagrario, Ivonne Ramírez, and César Maldonado. "Factors and Beliefs that Condition the Attitude of Health Science Students towards End of Life in Spain and Bolivia: A Multicenter Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17 (September 1, 2020): 6373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176373.
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Health Science students in Spain and Bolivia should be trained in the management of the processes of death and dying of patients. The aim of this study was to examine the degree of training, self-perceived safety and preferences in relation to the care of terminal and non-terminal patients. It was a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study with students of Medicine, Nursing and Physiotherapy in Spain and Bolivia. The following variables were evaluated: care preparation and emotional preparation to caring for terminally ill and non-terminally ill patients, the Death Attitude Profile Revised (PAM-R) and the Bugen Scale for Facing Death. The self-perceived preparation of students for caring for terminally ill patients can be considered “fair” (mean 2.15, SD 0.756), and this was also the case for their perceived emotional preparation (mean 2.19, SD 0.827). In contrast, the score obtained for their preparedness for treating non-terminal patients was higher (mean 2.99 and 3.16, respectively). Working with terminally ill patients, including terminal or geriatric cancer patients, was the least preferred option among future health professionals. The results obtained show a limited preference for end-of-life care and treatment, highlighting a lack of preparation and motivation among health science students in Spain and Bolivia for working with these patients.
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Permatasari, Deby Indah, and Anneke Meyvia Silvi. "COMPENSATION AND SOCIAL WORKING ENVIRONMENT INFLUENCING UNMET NEEDS OF FAMILY PLANNING." Jurnal Administrasi Kesehatan Indonesia 7, no. 2 (October 28, 2019): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jaki.v7i2.2019.178-184.
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Background: The incidence of unmet needs of family planning is one of the performance indicators of Family Planning Outreach Workers. There were 30 sub-districts in Surabaya, but only two sub-districts reached the number of unmet need incidences at 7.3% as required by the government standard in 2016.Aims: The study aimed to analyze the correlation and effect of performance factors, especially salary system and social working environment towards the number of unmet need incidences in Surabaya.Method: This study employed descriptive quantitative research with a cross-sectional design. The data were obtained from questionnaires, filled out by 30 teams of Family Planning Outreach in Surabaya as respondents selected by using a total sampling method. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistical tests of cross-tabulation between salary system, workplace, and incidence of unmet need.Results: A better condition of salary system did not determine the standard number of unmet need incidences. Two districts that perceives fair social working environment have the number of unmet need incidences that follows the standard of ≤7.3%. Whereas only 10 districts have perceived a good social working system which result in the unachieved standard number of unmet need incidences at >7.3%.Conclusion: There is no significant correlation or influence between salary or compensation system with the number of unmet need incidences. However, there are not significant correlation and influence between the social working environment and the number of unmet need incidences. Therefore, improvements in the social working environment should be made to achieve the goal of family planning program.Keywords: family planning outreach workers, salary system, social working environment, unmet need.
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Landa, Elizabeth. "Does Motivation Contribute on Health Care Provision?" International Journal of Human Resource Studies 8, no. 2 (May 13, 2018): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v8i2.13135.
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This study aimed to examine the contribution of employee motivation on provision of customer care in public health centres, in Morogoro Municipality. Data were collected from four selected public health institutions namely Morogoro General Hospital, Nunge Health Centre, Mafiga Health Centre and Kingolwila Health Centre respectively. The sample of 124 respondents were used, that is; employees and heads of the health centres. Collected data were coded using SPSS, where frequencies, percentages and chi-square were employed. The study identified that career development, training, appreciation, recognition, membership to the Social Security Fund, team work, working condition, paid leave, housing allowances and acting allowance were, the motivation schemes provided to public health employees. However public health workers are motivated by being a member on social security fund, medical cover, supervision, and job security. The result shows that there is significant difference between the employee who are motivated and those who are not motivated with regard to their provision of customer care to patients. The study concludes that most of the employees are not motivated by the existing motivation schemes which consequences lower their ability to provide the appropriate health services. The study recommends that strategies for improving motivation of employee to improve customer care include increase salary, improve working condition, pay housing allowance to all employees, allowance such as leave, overtime should be paid on time, promotion should be made in appropriate time and fair.
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Amoah-Binfoh, Kenneth, Pradhyuman Sing Lakhawat, and Rita Agyapong. "THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ADMINISTRATIVE POLICES OF HOSPITALS ON DELIVERING QUALITY OF SERVICE FOR PATIENTS SATISFACTION." Hospital Management Studies Journal 2, no. 3 (August 31, 2021): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/hmsj.v2i3.21053.
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Background: A well-organized hospital will determine the kind of service it will render to its patients. This diverse mix of objectives determine the nature of the hospital, its organizational hierarchy, the scope and volume of activities, the number and size of departments, staffing patterns, etc.Objective: The study seeks to examine the health workers and in-patient’s relationship building and to identify the importance of organizational structure in delivering quality services to in-patients.Method: The researchers considered a total of 35 management, and 70 in-patients together in all 105 as the sample size. These consisting of both males and females working in the various functional areas, and operations in the Hospital. This sample size was chosen because it formed a fair representation of the population. Simple random sampling was the sampling technique used for the study.Result: This output also shows that Patients satisfaction have a high positive relationship with Environment & physical ambience, Payment process & Discharge process ,Information flow to family about patient condition & treatment, Janitorial (daily cleaning), and Doctors information about treatment & concerns (administrative polices).Conclusion: It was also recommended that; Management should reduce the number of health workers working under a superior and should also reduce the number of superiors’ management reports to. It was further recommended that, management should, improvement the clarity of communication and information giving to patients’ relatives on patients’ condition and Management should also paste the vision and mission statement of the hospital on walls and vantage points for reminder.
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Prasath, Selvaraju Arun. "A STUDY ON THE IMPORTANCE OF TRADE UNIONS IN ORGANIZATION." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN HUMANITIES 1, no. 1 (June 14, 2014): 17–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jah.v1i1.5152.
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This research is going to cover the trade union activity and their importance to the employees and the organization itself at the public service management division. Trade unions are association of employees designed primarily to maintain or improve the condition of employment of its members. Trade unions are important in organization because they make sure the employee is satisfied with the working conditions and any violated from their rights and that they have a fair rate of pay of their services rendered to the organization.
This project looks at the importance of a trade union in an organization and how the employees feel about their activities and how the management operate with the trade union in the organization and the advantages and the disadvantages of a trade union in terms of what the employees benefit from being a trade union member in the organization. The sample size that was used was 30 at the public service management division.
The research will help me to gain slight on how trade unions operate in the organization. I used the questionnaire to gather data from the employees and the method that was used to collect information was the primary data and the secondary data. which helped to get the answers to my objectives.
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Shrestha, Sulochana, Sujita Thapa, Laxmi Mangrati, Patima Devkota, Rekha Rai, and Kabita Adhikari. "Quality of work life (QWL) situation in the Nepalese corporate sector." Quest Journal of Management and Social Sciences 1, no. 1 (October 18, 2019): 119–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/qjmss.v1i1.25977.
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Background: Existing literature on QWL and CG supports that effective compliance of CG is dependent on how the institution is nourished with the spirit of QWL and CG maintains relationship between the company’s management, board of directors, shareholders, employees, and auditors and stakeholders. Moreover, QWL consider different components like autonomy of work, compensation and rewards, job satisfaction and job security, quality of work life, relation and co-operation, training and development, work environment.
Objectives: The main purpose of this paper was to investigate the factors, dimensions and policy implications to foster quality of work life (QWL) situation in organizations, especially in the Nepalese corporate sector.
Methods: Fully based on qualitative desk review and analyses.
Results: This paper has attempted to establish relationship between the determinants of QWL situation and corporate governance (CG) from a positivists’ perspective. In the present Nepalese context, several challenging factors, such as, employee attitude, working environment, opportunities, nature of work, stress, job challenges, development and career potential are affecting QWL attainment.
Conclusions: QWL promotes adequate and fair compensation, safe and healthy working condition, opportunity to use and develop human capabilities, opportunity to growth and security, social integration, constitutionalism, social relevance of work life; work and total life span of the people.
Implications: Robust QWL standardization, monitoring and evaluation be in place to govern all corporate entities in a meaningful manner.
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Surendran, Sudarshan, Maheswaran S, James Gonsalves, Prima J. J. D�Souza, and Keerthana Balaji. "Knowledge of epilepsy among IInd year students of medical fraternity." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research 1, no. 4 (May 30, 2015): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.7439/ijasr.v1i4.1872.
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Objectives: To test the awareness and knowledge regarding epilepsy among II year medical students.Materials and methods: A questionnaire designed to test the knowledge levels of students regarding epilepsy was chosen and administered to students for collecting their responses. The questionnaire was distributed to II year MBBS students, who volunteered to participate in this study. The data collected was summarized to get the final picture of the level of awareness with respect to epilepsy among those students.Results: It was seen that the students had a fair knowledge and awareness regarding epilepsy. Most of them did not believe that epilepsy was a spiritual or a blind belief. Most of them were aware of the scientific reason behind such a condition. Many had clear picture regarding the consequences of such epileptic attacks. Many of them agreed to it that the normal life would not be affected, even though care must be taken. Dealing with the problems during an epileptic attack, the patients are supposed to take of their working conditions and also be prepared for such situations. On a whole, the response from the students on the seven questions with varied aspects on epilepsy and the subdivisions under each of them were summarized. The level of awareness of these students have been summarized and presented in this report. The findings in the report also throw light on the scope of little improvement possible in some of the aspects of students knowledge and understanding.
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Iqbal, Uzma. "Assessment of Knowledge and Practice regarding Blood Transfusion among Staff Nurses." Trends in Nursing Administration & Education 10, no. 01 (June 24, 2021): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2348.2141.202102.
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Background: Blood transfusion is the transfusing of a compatible donor’s whole blood or any of its components to the recipient to correct/ treat any related clinical condition. The transfusion of blood products is essential for restoring the body’s oxygen transport capacity, or replenishing lost or depleted blood components in various medical conditions. Objectives: To assess knowledge and practice score regarding blood transfusion among staff nurses and to identify the association of knowledge score and practice score with selected demographic variables. Methodology: A descriptive research design that involved convenience sampling technique to collect data from the 60 staff nurses working at Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Kashmir, using a “self-structured knowledge questionnaire and practice checklist”. Results: The study revealed that most of the staff nurses, i.e. 53.3%, had fair knowledge, 41.7% had poor knowledge, and only 5% of staff nurses had good knowledge regarding blood transfusion. The mean ± SD knowledge score of the staff nurses was 23.516 ± 4.59. Most of the staff nurses, i.e. 66.7%, had satisfactory practice, and 33.3% had unsatisfactory practice. The mean ± SD practice score of staff nurses regarding blood transfusion was 49.26 ± 6.40. A statistically significant association was found between nurses’ knowledge and demographic variables viz., age, professional qualification, clinical experience, the approximate number of blood transfusions performed in past 6 months, and in-service training programme attended regarding blood transfusion, and practice with demographic variables, viz., gender and clinical experience at p ≤ 0.05. Conclusion: The study concluded that deficiency of knowledge among nurses regarding blood transfusion threatens patients’ safety, and may also put patients in life-threatening conditions.
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Kodongo, Odongo, Claire Beswick, and Helen van den Berg. "Ellerine holdings and African bank: a toxic acquisition recipe?" Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 12, no. 1 (February 15, 2022): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-04-2021-0100.
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Learning outcomes After working through and discussing this case, learners should be able to:1. evaluate the financial condition of Ellerine Holdings Limited (EHL) at the time of the merger proposal and use it to make inferences about the company’s ability, at that time, to function effectively as a going concern;2. identify the conditions within EHL and in the operating environment that may have made it necessary for EHL to seek to change its business strategy;3. determine whether the acquisition price offered to EHL by African Bank Investments Limited (ABIL) was fair; and4. compute the value accretion/loss expected to be realised by the existing shareholders of ABIL and EHL under the merger proposal. Case overview/synopsis This case situates the directors of Ellerine Holdings, a furniture retail company that merged with African Bank Limited in 2007, reflecting on the events that led up to both entities being placed into business rescue in 2014 and asking whether the merger was the cause of the demise. If they had chosen an alternative partner, would the results have been different? Complexity academic level Masters Level students – MBA or Masters in Finance. Supplementary materials For instructors.The following material has been provided with the teaching note for instructors:- Teaching Note.- Johannesburg Stock Exchange News System (SENS) extract of related original filing.For students.The following supplementary material has been provided to accompany the case:- Financial information on the two companies (Excel spreadsheet).- Johannesburg SENS extract of related original filing. Subject code CSS 1: Accounting and Finance.
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Guo, H., D. O’Driscoll, R. Ogeil, W. Tse, and A. Young. "P045 A prospective review of sleep quality in hospitalised respiratory inpatients." SLEEP Advances 2, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2021): A36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpab014.093.
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Abstract Background and Aim Sleep is an active and restorative state that is vital for maintaining optimal physical and mental health. Hospitalised patients are particularly at risk of poor sleep. We aim to review the sleep quality of respiratory inpatients at a tertiary hospital and to identify modifiable barriers to sleeping well in hospital environments. Methods Prospective data were collected from respiratory ward patients at time of discharge by completion of a medical records review and a Sleep Questionnaire created by Working Group Sleep Health Foundation, including patient rating of sleep quality (very poor, poor, fair, good, very good) and sleep disrupting factors. These data were stratified by pertinent environmental, patient and clinical care factors. Results Data from 6 patients were analysed; median age was 65 years, 3 (50%) were male and median length of hospital stay was 5 days. Four (67%) patients used sedating medications, 1 (17%) used this for treatment of insomnia. Two (33%) of patients characterised their sleep quality as poor or very poor and 3 (50%) patients described their sleep in hospital as slightly worse or much worse than sleeping at home. The main contributing factors to poor sleep quality were noise, checking of vital signs by hospital staff, medical treatments and medical condition relating to admission (eg. pain, dysnpea). Data collection is ongoing. Conclusion A significant proportion of patients experienced poorer sleep quality as a result of their hospital admission, attributable to both extrinsic factors (noise and clinical care) and underlying medical conditions.
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Marzano, Gilberto, and Luis Ochoa Siguencia. "INDUSTRY 4.0:SOCIAL CHALLENGES AND RISKS." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 2 (June 17, 2021): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2021vol2.6546.
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Industry 4.0 is a term first introduced by the German government during the Hannover Messe fair in 2011 when it launched an initiative to support German industry in tackling future challenges. It refers to the 4th industrial revolution in which disruptive digital technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of Everything (IoE), robotics, virtual reality (VR), and artificial intelligence (AI), are impacting industrial production.The new industrial paradigms of Industry 4.0 demand a socio-technical evolution of the human role in production systems, in which all working activities of the value chain will be performed with smart approaches.However, the automation of processes can have unpredictable effects.Nowadays, in a smart factory, the role of human operators is often only to control and supervise the automated processes. This new condition of workers brought forth a paradox: malfunctions or irregularities in the automated production process are rare but challenging.This article discusses the challenges and risks that the 4th industrial revolution is bringing to society.It introduces the concept of the Irony of Automation. This propounds that the more reliable an automated system, the less human operators have to do and, consequently, the less attention they pay to the system while it is operating.The authors go on to discuss the human-centered approach to automation, whose purpose is not necessarily to automate previously manual functions but, rather, to enhance user effectiveness and reduce errors.
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Nouri, Ali, and Yousef Karimi. "A phenomenological study on the meaning of educational justice for street children." Education, Citizenship and Social Justice 14, no. 1 (March 23, 2018): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1746197918760083.
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A phenomenological study was conducted to obtain an understanding of the meaning of educational justice for street-working children in Tehran, Iran. The data were obtained through observation and semi-structured interview from 22 children aged between 5 and 15 years old (13 male and 9 female) who were selected based on their cooperation through a convenience sampling technique. The children’s responses to the interview questions regarding their perceptions of educational justice and the other related concerns were coded and a set of categories were developed. The results of the study indicated that poverty and parental negligence are the two primary and interrelated reasons that lead children to work on streets and consequently limit their access to formal education. The participants viewed educational justice as providing all children with adequate opportunities for access to formal education and establishing effective mechanisms for a fair distribution of resources and facilities in a way that all disadvantaged children including street children could benefit from and engage in productive activities of the society. They expected that educational system should not only be responsible for providing education for all but also to show greater concern and effort for the children with special needs. The present condition of street children necessitates better future policy-making to develop practical solutions in order to meet the basic educational needs of street children more efficiently and equitably.
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Zhang, Su Xia, Zi Yan Amanda Ong, Tao Li, Q. F. Li, and Fern Lan Ng. "Feasibility Study on Producing Components with Embedded Channel by Powder Injection Moulding." Key Engineering Materials 447-448 (September 2010): 401–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.447-448.401.
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Feasibility study on producing components with embedded channel by powder injection moulding (PIM) is conducted in this paper. The base plate with open channel was produced by co-injection moulding of polymeric material and ceramic feedstock. The polymeric material acted as the sacrificial material to fill the channel feature. A cover plate was then over-moulded onto the base plate to form green assembly, which was then debinded and sintered. The embedded channel was created when the sacrificial material was removed during the debinding and sintering stage. This process eliminates the need for additional joining process required by conventional manufacturing process which could cause misalignment and leakage under harsh working environment such as high pressure and high temperature. Joining was found between the cover plate and the base plate in over-moulding stage. Temperature and time during solvent debinding played important roles in order to obtain defect free component. Low temperature and short time in solvent debinding resulted in insufficient wax loss which led to various types of defects. A fair good sintered component was obtained under optimal debinding condition at 50 °C for 48 hours. The embedded channel was observed clearly by x-ray inspection without blockage by foreign particles. The shape of the channel was well retained and perfect bonding was formed in the central area of the two plates.
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Marks, Ray. "Qigong, obesity, and immunity dynamics and its application to long COVID-19 syndrome." Advances in Obesity, Weight Management & Control 13, no. 1 (January 23, 2023): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/aowmc.2023.13.00385.
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COVID-19, an acute respiratory condition resulting in high rates of excess mortality, particularly among adults in later life remains challenging to prevent uniformly and is now found to induce a series of long term adverse health impacts termed ‘long COVID’ syndrome. But can more be done to avert the risk of COVID-19 and its observed long term impact in older adults? This mini review strove to examine, summarize and synthesize the research base concerning the key risk factors underpinning later life acquisition of COVID-19 and whether an ancient mind body technique known as Qigong may be one possible largely overlooked strategy for promoting immunity and minimizing the related health correlate of obesity that can both raise the risk for severe COVID-19 infections and delay its recovery among older adult survivors. A second was to provide related intervention directives for health professionals working or who are likely to work with this vulnerable population in the future. Using the PUBMED and other leading electronic data bases and the key words: Qigong, Immunity, COVID-19, Long COVID-19, Obesity, Older Adults, a fair number of articles indicate that the practice of Qigong may be very useful as an adjunctive intervention strategy for raising immunity levels and fostering weight control among older adults, especially those survivors suffering from long COVID syndrome who remain at risk for second infections.
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Carvalho, Diana Mendonça de, and José Eloízio da Costa. "COMERCIALIZAÇÃO AGRÍCOLA EM ITABAIANA/SE: O CASO DA FEIRA LIVRE (MARKETING AGRICULTURAL IN ITABAIANA/SE: THE CASE OF THE FREE FAIR)." Revista GeoNordeste, no. 1 (July 5, 2019): 239–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33360/rgn.2318-2695.2019.i1p239-257.
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RESUMO:A comercialização agrícola é uma das atividades mais complexa dentre aquelas que envolvem o sistema da agricultura, uma vez que se trata do momento em que a produção assume a condição de mercadoria. Neste ensejo, o presente trabalho analisa de forma empírico-analítica, a cadeia produtiva e a comercialização de produtos agrícolas por feirantes em Itabaiana/SE. Esse trabalho resulta do acompanhamento das especificidades existentes na cadeia produtiva e na comercialização agrícola em meio a função e as estruturas presentes no âmbito do espaço definido, verificando as políticas públicas e os atores sociais que promovem o mercado agrícola. Atualmente, a feira de Itabaiana é o maior aglomerado comercial e cultural do estado de Sergipe, cuja ação se faz sentir sobre a população local e de outros municípios circunvizinhos e mesmo sobre municípios baianos. Está estruturada com 1.200 bancas que comercializam os mais variados produtos, sendo que cerca de 55% do total são utilizadas na comercialização agrícola. A isso se soma o fato do feirante ser itinerante, atuando em outros municípios sergipanos e baianos. Sendo assim, em Itabaiana, o processo de comercialização agrícola decorre da integração da economia primária às necessidades externas por produtos agrícolas.Palavras-chave: Comercialização Agrícola, Feira e Fluxos. ABSTRACT:The marketing agricultural is one of the most complex activities among those that involve the system of agriculture, since it is the moment when the production assumes the condition of merchandise. In this occasion, the present work analyze in an empirical-analytical way, the productive chain and the commercialization of agricultural products by marketers in Itabaiana/SE. This work results from the monitoring of the specificities existing in the production chain and in the agricultural commercialization, in the middle of the function and the structure present within the defined space, verifying the public policies and the social actors that promote the agricultural market. Currently the Itabaiana fair is the largest commercial and cultural cluster in the state of Sergipe, whose action is felt on the local population and other surrounding municipalities and even on Bahia municipalities. This is structured with 1,200 stalls that market the most varied products, with about 55% of the total being used in agricultural marketing. Added to this is the fact that the merchant is an itinerant, working in other municipalities in Sergipe and even in Bahia. Thus, in Itabaiana, the agricultural marketing process stems from the integration of the primary economy to external needs for agricultural products.Keywords: Agricultural Marketing, Fair and Flows.
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Schneider, Rebecca, David Orr, and Anthony Johnson. "Understanding Ditch Maintenance Decisions of Local Highway Agencies for Improved Water Resources across New York State." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 12 (June 10, 2019): 767–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119854092.
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Networks of roadside ditches criss-cross the landscape, and have played a significant but previously unrecognized role in flooding and water pollution. This study surveyed town and county highway professionals across New York State (NYS) to determine their ditch management practices. There was a 41% response rate from the 999 highway staff surveyed, representing 54 of the 57 counties statewide. 36.8% of the agencies reported using full scraping or reshaping without reseeding as their primary method of ditch management and half scraped their ditches on average once every 1 to 4 years. It is estimated that one-third to one-half of the roadside ditches across upstate NYS are therefore in fair to poor condition. This translates to thousands of miles of exposed substrate vulnerable to storms, acting as a source of sediment and pollution. Limited resources including time, labor, equipment, and money were the primary reasons given for the practices used. Additional challenges identified included interactions with landowners over rights-of-way, farm-field drainage, and increasing frequency of downpours. A comprehensive, state-wide program will be necessary to actualize ditch improvement. It will require a complete toolbox of strategies, from financial support and training to regulatory mandates and penalties, and needs to include a ditch inventory system. Incentives in the form of grants and shared services should be offered by state agencies working collaboratively with local governments. Valuing highway department managers as water stewards and supporting the improved management of roadside ditches can provide an important new mechanism for protecting NYS’s water resources.
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Anis-Syakira, Jailani, Suhana Jawahir, Nurul Salwana Abu Bakar, Sarah Nurain Mohd Noh, Nurul Iman Jamalul-Lail, Normaizira Hamidi, and Sondi Sararaks. "Factors Affecting the Use of Private Outpatient Services among the Adult Population in Malaysia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20 (October 21, 2022): 13663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013663.
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The proportion of Malaysians of all ages who use private outpatient services has dropped over time, highlighting the overstretched condition of public outpatient facilities compared to their private counterparts. This paper aims to determine the prevalence of outpatient care, characteristics of outpatient care users by sector, and the factors affecting the utilisation of private outpatient services among the adult population of Malaysia using Andersen’s behavioural model. Data from the National Health Morbidity Survey 2019 (NHMS 2019), a nationwide survey, were analysed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the association of predisposing (locality, age, sex, ethnicity, education level, and marital status), enabling (working status, health care coverage, and household income), and need factors (perceived and evaluated needs) with the use of private outpatient services. Variables with a statistical significance ≤ 0.25 in the univariate regression analysis were included in the final multivariable logistic regression analysis. A total of 11,674 respondents, estimated to represent 22.4 million adults aged 18 years and above in Malaysia, were included for analysis. Overall, 8.3% of the adult population of Malaysia used outpatient care and 33.9% used the private sector. Those living in urban areas (OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.02, 3.18), non-Malays (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.04, 2.93), those working (OR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.48, 4.10), those with employer coverage (OR = 4.73, 95% CI = 2.79, 8.01), and those with health problems (OR = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.26, 4.05) were more likely to utilise private outpatient services. Those who self-rated their health status as fair (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.33, 0.91) and who had diabetes, hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.31, 1.02) were less likely to utilise private outpatient services. The predisposing and enabling factors were associated with the use of private outpatient services, and the need factors were strong predictors of private outpatient care utilisation among adults. Understanding the factors associated with the utilisation of private outpatient services could aid in the development of effective initiatives designed to enhance outpatient care access among the population of Malaysia and balance the burden of outpatient care provision on the public and private sector.
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Uddin, Mohammad Jashim, Md Masud Chowdhury, Masuma Yasmin, and Aklima Akter. "Job Satisfaction of the Employees of the General Insurance Companies in Bangladesh." Global Disclosure of Economics and Business 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/gdeb.v5i1.124.
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This study investigates the employees’ job satisfaction of general insurance companies in Bangladesh. A questionnaire was utilized to collect primary data from both public and private general insurance companies. The first part of the questionnaire comprises of the demographic profile of the respondents and the last part indicates the key measuring variables on a Likert scale ranging from 5 (strongly agree) to 1 (strongly disagree) of job satisfaction. The total number of respondents for this study was 385. 74.80 percent of the total respondents have taken from the private general insurance companies, and the remaining percentage from the public general insurance company. 70 percent of the total respondents were male respondents, and 30 percent of the total respondents were female respondents. Factor analysis and correlation matrix have been conducted to analyze the collected data. This study postulates that employees of general insurance companies have positive as well as negative feelings. Three factors reflect positive feelings toward their jobs. These factors are pay and promotional potential, the well-organized chain of command and general working condition. On the other hand, two factors are responsible for negative feelings. These factors are poor team spirit and poor job security. This paper also advocates some recommendations to maximize the positive feelings and to minimize the negative. The proper higher authority should ensure participating decision method to take any decision, the fair delegation, and direct relationship with sub-ordinates to enhance the team spirit for minimizing the dissatisfaction of the employees and should ensure the job security of the employees to get their best effort to achieve the organizational goal.
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Singh, Nistha. "Relationship Between Organizational Justice and Occupational Stress Among Indian Police Personnel." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (July 31, 2022): 4859–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45996.
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Abstract: The present research was conducted with the purpose to determine the relationship between Organizational Justice and Occupational Stress and to explore the relationship between Organizational Justice and the underlying factors of Occupational Stress among Indian police personnel. A total of 51 employees (31 male and 20 female) serving in police force among different states of India were taken through simple random sampling technique. Tools used for data collection were Organizational Justice Scale by Colquitt, 2001 and Occupational Stress Index by Srivastava and Singh, 1984. Mean, Standard Deviation, Pearson product-moment were used for data analysis. The result stated that mean score of Occupational Stress was more than the mean score of Organizational Justice. It indicated the dominating factors of Occupational Stress which collectively increases the perception of Occupational Stress among existing participants. The most dominating factors were Role Overload, Strenuous working condition, Responsibility for persons and Role Conflict; moderate dominating factors were Role Ambiguity, Unreasonable group and Political pressures, Under-participation, Powerlessness, Poor peer Relations, Intrinsic impoverishment and Unprofitability. While the least dominating factor was Low status. In addition, the result described that Organizational Justice is negatively correlated with Occupational Stress. Simultaneously, it was found that Organizational Justice is negatively associated with the factors of Occupational Stress like Role Overload, Role Ambiguity, Role Conflict, Unreasonable group and Political pressures, Under participation, Powerlessness, Poor peer Relations, Intrinsic impoverishment, Low status and Unprofitability; and positively correlated with factor Responsibility for persons. The correlation coefficients between the given variables were found significant at 0.05 level of significance. Therefore, it is recommended that management should try to reduce Occupational Stress while encouraging fair treatment to promote Organizational Justice among police personnel.
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De Leon, Adrian. "Working the Kodak Zone." Radical History Review 2018, no. 132 (October 1, 2018): 68–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-6942403.
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AbstractThis article traces a labor history of colonial photography and the visual production of race in the Philippine Cordilleras, as well as its diasporic performances abroad. It argues that the ethnological visuality of Spanish and American imperialisms in the mountains of Northern Luzon, which produced discourses of race and indigeneity for the purposes of colonial occupation and imperial politics, amounted to various labor relations between Cordillerans in front of the camera, Americans behind and around the camera, and global audiences in European and North American fair midways. What became known variously as the “industrious savage” or the “dog-eating Igorrote” at the turn of the twentieth century crystallized in part out of workers’ assertions to fair wages, good working conditions, and collective dignity. This essay seeks to provide new labor history frameworks through critical readings of photographs, their subjects, and their larger economies of production and circulation.
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Stojkovic-Zlatanovic, Sanja. "Vulnerable populations in terms of health care and their right to decent work." Stanovnistvo 54, no. 2 (2016): 83–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/stnv160725004s.
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Vulnerability may arise from individual characteristics of individuals or social groups, employment conditions or as a result of difficulties in exercising fundamental social human rights. Principle of equity in terms of labor and employment as well as equity in health are closely linked and represented in a concept of decent work for all, promoted by the International Labor Organization. The concept of decent work aims to improve work conditions for the marginalized and vulnerable workers, where the notions ?vulnerable? and ?marginalized? represent people on the periphery of formal, standard employment, people working in an environment where the risk of being denied employment rights is high and also those who do not have the capacity to protect themselves from the abuse. The labor status of social groups whose personal characteristics, i.e. health characteristics, make them vulnerable in terms of work conditions and labor rights has been analyzed. In international, comparative and Serbian law, workers with disabilities are already protected by the special law provisions of professional rehabilitation and employment of people with disabilities. On the contrary, the status of workers who are not considered as people with disabilities but who are faced with some health problems are not recognized in the labor legislation and protected by the law. People with health problems may be those who are chronically ill i.e. people in a remission of a disease. Considering the current demographic process of population aging, an increase of elderly in economically active population/labor force could be expected, which also means the increase of chronically ill workers. This fact, argue in favor of regulation the labor status of people with health problems. Furthermore, according to the World Health Organization, health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, where the third component of health ? social well-being could be used as justification for the integration of workers with health problems in the workplace. The aim is to prevent the occurrence of disability in terms of preventive approach. The integration and protection measures are represented in a form of flexible work arrangements (for instance, part-time work, tele-work), assignment a person with a health problem to another adequate job, establishment the right to a paid leave for the purpose of therapy by the law, prohibition of a night shift and overtime job for worker with health problems. The Serbian Labor Act (2005) has introduced a category of workers with the health problems and stipulates that those workers could not be assigned to a job that could have a negative effect to a health status/condition of an individual. A broader protection measures in terms of decent work and health equity, meaning that everyone should have a fair opportunity to attain their full health potential with the aim of performing major life activities, including working activities, are not introduced by the Serbian Labor Act. That need to be changed, taking into account the fact that the Serbian Disability Act does not recognize the workers with temporary or/and occasional health impairments, meaning that the special measures of professional integration of people with disabilities could not be applied to the people with health problems.
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Uriadnikova, I. "DETERMINATION OF TECHNOGENIC RISKS IN TRANSITIONAL STATES DURING OPERATION OF WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS IN HEAT ENERGY." Bulletin of Lviv State University of Life Safety 23 (June 30, 2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20784643.23.2021.02.
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Introduction. Currently, the most important issues in the national economy are the issues of continuous, reliable and safe operation of circulating water supply systems, namely power units of thermal power plants and thermal power plants of industrial enterprises. Faultless and reliable operation of water supply systems ensures the normal operation of social and industrial enterprises, as well as the safe operation of fire protection systems, which can be disrupted by stopping the supply of quality products to the consumer. In Ukraine and abroad, this issue is devoted to many scientific papers on the assessment, calculation and management of man-made risks, the calculation and management of risks in water treatment systems in heat and energy. But the impact of these risks on environmental safety is not covered, while the issue is of great economic importance. However, the influence of these risks on environmental protection is not covered, while the problem is of great economic importance. There is no general methodological approach that considers the diversity of water treatment systems and their design solutions. There is no clear ranking of objects to be protected by risk analysis, and there is no analysis of the effects acting on them.Purpose and methods. The purpose of the work is to determine the risks associated with the patterns of the probability of failure of units, the patterns of transition from state to state and the risks associated with changes in patterns when replacing the blocks of the water treatment system or its elements. To study the probability of risks as a result of failures for the entire period of operation of the water treatment system in the heating industry, a structural and functional block diagram of the water treatment system is built. To obtain numerical data on the failure probability at any time, the failure probability curve was approximated by the curves of the law of normal distribution (Gaussian curves).Results and discussion. Studies have shown that the minimum risk is proportional to the minimum probability of failure. Then it will be fair to say that to minimize the risk, it is necessary to reduce the failure probability function on the part of the failure curve that corresponds to the operating state of the unit or element, that is on the plot or in the normal operation. To calculate the minimum probability of risk, it is necessary to determine the minimum of this function. Since failure is a function of many variables, thus Rfail = f (x, y, z) → 0. It is also established that for most water treatment systems at any time of operation it is possible to determine the risks associated with the regularities of failure probabilities of units, with regularities the transition of the system from state to state and the risks associated with changes in the above patterns when replacing the blocks of the water treatment system or its elements.Conclusions. As a result of the conducted researches, it is received that at long enough work of water treatment system it is necessary to establish in it a probabilistic constant mode of transition from a condition to a condition according to the scheme "working condition of all blocks - failure of one or several blocks - repair - working condition of all blocks". The probabilities of the sequence and duration of these events are determinable, which makes it possible on the one hand to assess the risks arising from the operation and to determine a management strategy to minimize these risks. The probability of failure rate intensity and possible changes in this probability during the operation of the water treatment system depending on the time interval on the failure curve on which the operation of this system is considered. Determining this probability makes it possible to predict risks throughout the periods of operation of systems and take measures to minimize them.
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Dingwall, Orvie, Lyle Ford, and Ruby Warren. "Ready for a Fair Deal." Canadian Journal of Academic Librarianship 8 (January 4, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/cjal-rcbu.v8.38565.
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Canadian academic libraries are unionized environments, requiring collective organization and action to address labour conditions and contract negotiations. The University of Manitoba Faculty Association (UMFA) has 1264 members, including 52 archivists and librarians, and in 2021 resolved the longest strike in association history. The newly ratified agreement contained major gains to advance pay equity within the union, and the strike itself maintained UMFA historic high levels of participation and member engagement, in part due to the significant contributions of librarians and archivists. In this paper, three librarians who held distinct positions of leadership within UMFA, particularly during its 2021 strike, examine the unique strengths and difficulties of librarians and archivists working within a broader faculty union to make change. Relying on core competencies of librarianship, such as collaboration, consultation, communication, and leadership, the authors collectively and successfully filled central roles in the strategic direction, organizational foundation, and on-the-ground mobilization of the strike effort. The historical context for the labour climate and organizing history at the University of Manitoba is examined and demonstrates that core competencies of librarians and archivists are valuable and imperative skills in faculty union organizing. Librarians and archivists can use this narrative to inform the development of their own activism within their unions and workplaces, and to examine how their own skills may help enhance and improve their working conditions.
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Dingwall, Orvie, Lyle Ford, and Ruby Warren. "Ready for a Fair Deal." Canadian Journal of Academic Librarianship 8 (January 4, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/cjal-rcbu.v8.38832.
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Canadian academic libraries are unionized environments, requiring collective organization and action to address labour conditions and contract negotiations. The University of Manitoba Faculty Association (UMFA) has 1264 members, including 52 archivists and librarians, and in 2021 resolved the longest strike in association history. The newly ratified agreement contained major gains to advance pay equity within the union, and the strike itself maintained UMFA historic high levels of participation and member engagement, in part due to the significant contributions of librarians and archivists. In this paper, three librarians who held distinct positions of leadership within UMFA, particularly during its 2021 strike, examine the unique strengths and difficulties of librarians and archivists working within a broader faculty union to make change. Relying on core competencies of librarianship, such as collaboration, consultation, communication, and leadership, the authors collectively and successfully filled central roles in the strategic direction, organizational foundation, and on-the-ground mobilization of the strike effort. The historical context for the labour climate and organizing history at the University of Manitoba is examined and demonstrates that core competencies of librarians and archivists are valuable and imperative skills in faculty union organizing. Librarians and archivists can use this narrative to inform the development of their own activism within their unions and workplaces, and to examine how their own skills may help enhance and improve their working conditions.
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Blaauw, Derick, and Kotie Viljoen. "Do waiters get their fair share? A case study on the working conditions of waiters." Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2009): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v3i1.346.
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In 2007 the working conditions and remuneration of waiters in South Africa changed with the introduction of the Sectoral Determination 14, as an addition to the Basic Conditions of Employment Act no 75 of 1997. One important provision of the Sectoral Determination is the introduction of minimum wages for employees in the hospitality sector, including waiters. The aim of this paper is to investigate the working conditions and remuneration of waiters and to compare their actual working conditions with those stipulated by the above legislation. In order to achieve this aim, the research includes a literature review of the BCEA and Sectoral Determination as well as a survey amongst waiters in Kempton Park (South Africa), investigating the actual working conditions and remuneration of waiters. A comparative study of the actual working conditions is done and the results are compared with the available literature on the topic. From this analysis relevant policy recommendations are formulated.
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Harpur, Paul. "Occupational Health and Safety Duties to Protect Outworkers: The Failure of Regulatory Intervention and Calls for Reform." Deakin Law Review 12, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2007vol12no2art220.
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<p>Many Australian outworkers, especially recent immigrants working from home, currently endure poor working conditions. Outworkers often toil without traditional industrial support. Most retailers and suppliers do not monitor working conditions at the base of the supply chain. Occupational health and safety protections are often not enforced in practice. Increased obligations for retailers and suppliers at the top of the supply chain would reduce the violation of fair working conditions.</p>
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Hussain, A. H. M. Belayeth, and Noraida Endut. "Do decent working conditions contribute to work–life balance." Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship 12, no. 1 (April 16, 2018): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjie-04-2018-045.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the contributions of decent work situation to work–life balance of small entrepreneurs. The survey was conducted to uncover the degree and magnitude of essential decent work indicators that can aid the work–life balance situation of small ventures. Design/methodology/approach The study utilized a survey research design and used a five-point Likert type questionnaire to investigate the research questions. Each construct of the scale has its corresponding items, which were measured specifically. To analyze the latent variables, partial least square (PLS)–structural equation modelling with Smart PLS application was used. Findings The findings of this study reveal that social dialogue and stability and security of enterprise have the most significant effects in ensuring work–life balance of an enterprise. Additionally, social dialogue among entrepreneurs has influence in maintaining decent working hours and fair treatment at workplace. Originality/value The value of this study lies in exploring a new dimension of analyzing working conditions in informal sector economy such as small enterprises. Because this research aims to study ventures that are financed by the microcredit institution, whether social financing plays a role in improving work–life balance situation through empowering decent working conditions can be investigated.
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Sesotya Utami, Sentagi, Faridah, Na’im A. Azizi, Erlin Kencanawati, M. Akbar Tanjung, and Balza Achmad. "Energy Monitoring System for Existing Buildings in Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 42 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184201003.
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Current studies conducted by JICA, AMPRI and IFC-World Bank, reported that large commercial buildings in Indonesia are not energy and water efficient. One of the cause is the lack of regulation. Meanwhile, effective regulations to reduce energy and water consumption are the concern mostly in a new building to obtain a building permit. This strategy is understandable as retrofitting existing buildings are often more difficult to be implemented, and enforcement is still a major issue in Indonesia. Local governments are currently working on streamlining building permit process as well as developing an online monitoring system for existing buildings. By applying a Building Energy Management System (BEMS) enables to reduce energy consumption up to 15%. An energy monitoring system was designed and installed through this research for Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics (DNEEP) building, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada. It is a 20 years old two-story building used for educational activities, which consist of classrooms, laboratories, offices and storage spaces. An audit energy was done recently in 2015 where an energy consumption of 261.299,636 kWh/year.m2 was reported. In the existing condition, a power meter is inaccessible and therefore, the only feedback of occupancy behavior in the energy consumption is through the electricity bill. The previous study has shown that building occupants would behave more efficiently if the amount of energy used is notified, and the amount of energy savings are recorded. However, these energy monitoring systems are considered expensive and uniquely tailored for every building. This research aims to design and install a cost effective BEMS based on occupant’s satisfactory assessment of the lighting, acoustics, and air conditioning quality. The data will be used as a decision supporting system (DSS) by building management through the use of a GUI. The design of the interface was based on a survey result from the prospective users. Installed energy monitoring system uses a current sensor with an accuracy of 98% and a precision of 0.04 A while the voltage sensor with an accuracy of 98% and a precision of 0.58 V. The performance testing shows that the number of web clients influences delay of data transmission. The result of the survey shows that GUI is categorized as fair in design without a significant difference between the perceptions of users with and without survey supervision.
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Volosko, Iryna. "The Jury in Ukraine: topical issues of reform." Slovo of the National School of Judges of Ukraine, no. 4(29) (February 11, 2020): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37566/20707-6849-2019-4(29)-5.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of the jury in Ukraine, assessment of existing problems in legislative regulation, ambiguity of enforcement and finding possible ways of solving existing problems. The jury's ability to defend the judicial system against some tendencies that take place in the trial corps and can undermine a fair system of criminal liability and punishment is argued. A statistical analysis of criminal and civil cases involving jury in 2017-2018 is provided. The article emphasizes that the successful functioning of the jury depends first and foremost on the procedure of selection of people for jury. The bill drafts of Ukraine of amendments to the current legislation on improvement of the procedure of forming the list of jury are analyzed. In the context of this, attention was paid to the issues of the quantitative composition of the jury, the transfer of power to form a list of jury to State Judicial Administration of Ukraine, the heterogeneity of the composition of the jury in terms of individual and psychological differences. The expediency of working out the Regulation “On the procedure of selection of citizens in the jury”, where all requirements for candidates for jury will be detailed, restrictions for people to be sworn, the procedure of forming the lists of jury and their submission to court, is stated. The outreach campaign and legal education of the population is аn important element of the effectiveness of the jury. The requirement of continuity of the trial in the case of jury which is related to the concentration of their attention and various kinds of influence, in particular the mass media, is emphasized. It is noted that the review of the decisions of the jury in the appeal court by professional judges, in fact, negates the value of the verdict of the jury.The item of allotments to candidates for jury and the experience of foreign countries on this issue are considered. It also substantiates the demand of transition of Ukraine to the classic jury trial model, which successfully operates in such developed countries as the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Denmark, Belgium and others. The introduction of a classic jury trial model is absolutely necessary in the current condition, will increase the public's confidence in the judicial system and will introduce an effective competitive model of criminal proceedings. Key words:jury, verdict of the jury, selection of the jury.
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Du, Jian Hang, Zhen He, Feng Lin Yan, and Guo Yan Yu. "Wave Induced Deformation and Stress Responses in HDPE Circular Net Cage: A Numerical Approach." Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (November 2012): 2299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.2299.
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A 3D numerical model was developed to analyze the deformation and stress characteristics of HDPE material circular net cage exposed to waves, using the finite element method (FEM). The total wave forces acting on the structure were evaluated with method combining analytical and numerical, and served as boundary conditions during the simulation. Testing cases were performed eventually based on the actual conditions in Zhanjiang bay. The results show that wave height is an important factor that affects the dynamics response characteristics of net cages as well as the working conditions of the cages in sea environment, and the peak stress of the flotation structure always occurs at the mooring points. We also suggest that the net cages that constructed inside Zhanjiang Bay may not fail even during the storm process when in normal working condition.
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Bednarowicz, Bartłomiej. "The tale of transparent and predictable working conditions intertwined with work-life balance: Assessing the impact of the new social policy directives on decent working conditions and social protection." European Journal of Social Security 22, no. 4 (November 11, 2020): 421–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1388262720968575.
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Precarious employment is often associated with job insecurity and limited corollary entitlements to income support. More specifically, what makes the jobs precarious are factors such as in-work poverty and low pay, insufficient labour law and social security protection, high levels of stress and health problems, limited career development and training options or low levels of collective rights. Precarious workers engaged in atypical forms of employment such as casual work, zero-hours contracts or platform-mediated work are particularly prone to experiencing precarious working conditions and often consequently, in-work poverty and thus social exclusion. A question therefore emerges as to the adequate response at EU level to combat precarious employment and provide for decent jobs with fair working conditions including protection against discrimination and also access to adequate social protection. Against this background, this article takes stock of the two first legally binding roll-out initiatives from the European Pillar of Social Rights (EPSR), namely Directive (EU) 2019/1152 on transparent and predictable working conditions in the European Union and Directive (EU) 2019/1158 on work-life balance for parents and carers, to assess their impact on decent working and employment conditions, and social protection, while also exploring in greater detail their coverage and potential limitations.
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Wakeman, R., R. Ainley, I. D. Arnott, K. J. Barrett, G. Bell, S. Berry, G. Bhatnagar, et al. "P129 IBD care in the UK: A comprehensive, novel service assessment with feedback from 10,222 patients and 166 NHS organisations to inform a vision for quality improvement." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 15, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): S220—S221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.256.
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Abstract Background The IBD Benchmarking Tool, comprising an online Service Self-Assessment and Patient Survey, has provided a unique and comprehensive picture of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) care across the UK. The aim was to evaluate current local service performance to facilitate future quality improvement. Methods The IBD Patient Survey (PS) ran from July to November 2019 and the Service Self-Assessment (SSA) from October 2019 to January 2020. Detailed views were collected of the quality of IBD care from patient and clinician perspectives, measured against the UK IBD Standards 2019.1 The IBD UK National Report will be published in April 2021. Results 10,222 patients completed the PS. 89% (9,100/10,222) had found it hard to cope with having Crohn’s or Colitis over the previous year. 72% (6,954/9,640) rated the quality of their care as excellent, very good or good and 28% (2,686/9,640) rated the quality of their care as fair or poor. The top three factors that predicted how highly people with IBD rated their quality of care were: feeling supported by a team of specialists; having regular reviews; and discussing wider life goals and priorities, as part of planning their care. 26% (535/2,089) had waited more than a year for their diagnosis. 41% (849/2,087) had visited Accident & Emergency at least once before being diagnosed. 32% (656/2,057) were not offered any information about their condition when diagnosed. 91% (8,284/9,099) did not have a personalised care plan. Over the previous 12 months, 70% (6,732/9,574) had one or more flares and 72% (1,622/2,250) of inpatient admissions were unplanned. A key finding from the SSA (166 centres: 134 adult, 32 paediatric) was that no adult IBD services reported meeting the IBD Standards’ recommendation for whole time equivalent (WTE) staffing across the IBD team. Where services reported meeting the WTE for IBD nurse specialists, patients were more likely to rate the quality of their care highly and to have regular clinical review of their Crohn’s or Colitis. Conclusion The results highlight four key areas for change: improvements in diagnosis and information provision; personalised care and support for self-management; faster access to specialist advice and treatment; and effective multidisciplinary team (MDT) working. The Report sets out recommendations for action in each of these areas. To our knowledge, this is the first time that healthcare professionals and patients have assessed care against a common set of standards. The IBD Benchmarking Tool provides location-matched service performance and patient experience as an exemplar for others to follow. Reference
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Goestoro, Ratih Ananda Putri. "Access to Judicial Remedies for Palm Oil Workers Under Poor Working Conditions in Indonesia." Yuridika 37, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 255–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v37i1.34604.
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Most palm oil workers in Indonesia are employed as temporary daily workers. Their situations are prone to human rights violations ranging from the right to fair working conditions to the freedom of association. Under international law, palm oil workers should have the right to remedies for these human rights violations. The third pillar of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) provides that remedies for victims of business-related human rights violations can be accessed through judicial or non-judicial means. Under Indonesian Law, palm oil workers working under poor conditions can access their remedy through judicial mechanisms, such as the Industrial Relations Court, Civil Court or Criminal Court. However, current Indonesian Law does not provide adequate access to remedies for palm oil workers in Indonesia because the law does not provide the obligation to provide remedies under the UNGPs. Therefore, these palm oil workers do not have adequate access to a judicial remedy. Palm oil workers in remote areas face legal, procedural, and practical barriers in obtaining remedies. This article aims to find the judicial avenues these workers could use to access remedies and overcome their challenges.
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Chang, Kiki. "Fair workplaces, better jobs: Is Ontario addressing precarious employment?" Critical Studies: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal 14, no. 1 (November 26, 2018): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51357/cs.v14i1.124.
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The purpose of this paper is to examine how Bill 148, introduced by the province of Ontario in 2017, addresses the issue of precarious employment. Bill 148 was created based on information from The Changing Workplaces Review, which reported on Ontario's labour standards and employment systems. An overview of precarious employment in Ontario is provided, including a working definition of the term, statistics, rates, and demographics. The issues that face precarious workers are explored, using the framework of the four dimensions of precarious work as identified by Rodgers (1989) and Vosko (2010). The Changing Workplaces Review and Bill 148 are analyzed to see if they fully address the concerns of precarious workers in Ontario. The paper concludes with suggestions on how the government of Ontario can continue to address work and employment conditions of those who are precariously employed.
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Auksztol, Jerzy. "Lean official statistics concept based on the working conditions survey." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 66, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): 75–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.5595.
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The Lean approach refers to the elimination of waste from the value stream. In other words, it excludes any activities which fail to be of any value to the client, thus enabling an organisation to adapt to the growing customer demands while providing high quality products and keeping unit costs under control. The aim of this paper is to assess the possibility of applying the Lean concept in official statistics on the basis of the working conditions survey, which is characterised by an increasing number of the surveyed units and a growing scope of the collected data. The implementation of the Lean concept within the working conditions survey began in 2017 as a pilot project with the aim to reduce the labour intensity that the survey involves. The research methods used in the paper were case study and the Design Science Research. The case study covered the period from 1987 to 2019 and related to the operational areas of the survey, such as its completeness, the number of reporting units and the scope of the collected variables. In order to present the topic in a broader context, additional data were also used, namely the wages and salaries of selected groups of professions, such as IT specialists. The obtained results confirm that the Lean approach is an effective tool applicable in the process of limiting respondent burden. It facilitates the modernisation of the working conditions survey through the elimination of any unnecessary work while maintaining the usefulness of the final results. It may therefore form the foundation for the construction of lean official statistics.
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Kossoudji, Sherrie A. "Book Review: Income and Social Security and Substandard Working Conditions: Workfare or Fair Work: Women, Welfare, and Government Work Programs." ILR Review 50, no. 2 (January 1997): 354–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979399705000219.
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Vinueza-Cabezas, Andrea, Gabriel Osejo-Taco, Alejandro Unda-López, Clara Paz, and Paula Hidalgo-Andrade. "A Comparison of Working Conditions and Workers’ Perceptions among On-Site, Telework, and Hybrid Workers in Ecuador during the COVID-19 Pandemic." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (November 2, 2022): 14337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114337.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many companies to adopt different work modalities to ensure their operation during this period. In this study, we described and compared working conditions and perceptions among face-to-face workers, teleworkers, and hybrid workers in Ecuador. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 542 participants, using a self-report survey to assess sociodemographic data, working conditions, and workers’ perceptions. Variables were described and then compared by the Chi-square test, ANOVA, and the Kruskal–Wallis test. The results indicated a higher proportion of on-site workers without higher education and in the public sector compared to the other modalities. At the same time, there was evidence of increased perceived productivity. People in the hybrid modality tended to have more than one job, earning a higher monthly salary, perceiving a decrease in productivity, an increase in daily working hours, and a lower capacity for time management. In addition, most teleworkers reported fair working conditions, a dedicated workspace, and easy adaptation to this work mode. This study builds a more in-depth understanding of how workers perceived their working conditions among work modalities for organizational decision-making because the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic is modifying the ways of working permanently.
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Juchnowicz, Marta, Boguslavas Gruževskis, and Hanna Kinowska. "EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND REMUNERATION JUSTICE IN LITHUANIA AND POLAND." Business: Theory and Practice 21, no. 2 (December 23, 2020): 869–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/btp.2020.12778.
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The aim of the article is the analysis of the relationship between work engagement and evaluation of remuneration justice in the context of the dimensions of organizational justice in Lithuania and Poland. The starting point for the research was the identification the essence of evaluation of remuneration justice from the perspective of management sciences. Conclusions drawn from the analysis of the views on organizational justice allowed to define the key aspects of remuneration justice necessary for a detailed exploration of the studied area. They point to the need for a comprehensive evaluation of remuneration justice, integrating all its aspects, not only the distribution aspect. The strong link between fair remuneration and work engagement draws attention to the conditions for effective remuneration instruments. On the basis of the results of empirical research, the assessment of the fairness of remuneration by Polish and Lithuanian employees was diagnosed. In Lithuania, 9% and in Poland 52% of respondents described their current salary as fair. Correlations between the examined constructs were examined. It is concluded that for both working Lithuanians and working Poles fair compensation means remuneration appropriate to the work performed. The sense of fairness of remuneration coexists with distributional, procedural and interactive justice and with the lack of feeling of being exploited.
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Rosly, Oleg F., A. A. Fedoruk, O. G. Drugova, E. G. Plotko, and A. P. Boyarsky. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISK BASED ON SPECIAL EVALUATION OF WORKING CONDITIONS AND WORKPLACE INSPECTION." Hygiene and sanitation 96, no. 12 (March 27, 2019): 1200–1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2017-96-12-1200-1203.
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A comparative analysis of occupational health risk based on special evaluation of working conditions (SEWC), workplace inspection as well as medical and biological criteria (realized risk) showed occupational hazards to be underestimated during special evaluation of working conditions and the predicted risk (estimated using the SEWC technique) fail to correspond to the realized occupational risk. As a rule, the realized risk due to the exposure to chemicals, predominantly fibrogenic aerosols, the noise was higher than the risk predicted by using the Size-exclusion chromatography (SEWC) technique. Both the distorted reality of working conditions, inadequate real occupational risk assessment leads to the incomplete information for occupational disease identification, establishment of the causality for health conditions, as well lower quality and efficiency of measures aimed at the improvement of working conditions and preservation of employees’ health.
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Onofrejová, D., and M. Balážiková. "Simulation model for evaluation of ergonomic load in the use of exoskeletons." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1199, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1199/1/012011.
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Abstract For the analysis of musculoskeletal workload and associated potential hazardous working conditions as well as musculoskeletal symptoms in worker populations among various occupations different approaches are taken, and extensive data collection studies are being accomplished. Questions are targeted on musculoskeletal workload and associated potentially hazardous working conditions can be categorized into seven indices (force, dynamic and static load, repetitive load, climatic factors, vibration and ergonomic environmental factors). Evaluation focus on standing, sitting, walking and uncomfortable postures, the indices constitute a brief overview of the main findings on musculoskeletal workload and associated potentially hazardous working conditions. The validity of the findings is fair when compared with an index of psychosocial working conditions and discomfort during exposure to physical loads. Worker groups with contrasting musculoskeletal loads can be differentiated on the basis of the indices and other factors. It appears that most indices and factors show significant associations with low back and/or neck-shoulder symptoms. This simulation model NIOSH analysis can be used as a simple and quick approach to identify worker groups in which a more thorough ergonomic analysis indicates possible improvements in load factor using particular exoskeletons at work.
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Wiß, Tobias, Lisa Schmidthuber, and Valeria Bordone. "Quality of Working Conditions, Sector of Employment and Age at RetirementDate submitted: April 9, 2018Revised version accepted after double blind review: March 31, 2019." management revue 31, no. 2 (2020): 145–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0935-9915-2020-2-145.
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Prolonging employment and postponing retirement are seen as promising solutions to make labour markets and pension systems sustainable in ageing Europe with low employment rates of older people and widespread early retirement. The aim of the paper is to identify to what extent quality of working conditions and sector of employment affect the actual age at retirement. Based on SHARELIFE data on 13 European countries, we investigate the association between age at retirement on the one hand and 12 quality of working conditions attributes and six economic sectors on the other using linear regression models. Our results show that freedom to decide how to do the work is significantly associated with a higher age at retirement and adequate salary with a lower age at retirement among both men and women, while working in a comfortable environment, without emotional demands, and where employees experienced fair treatment is positively related to age at retirement only for men. Furthermore, our analysis provides evidence that quality of working conditions attributes are more important for age at retirement in the service, manufacturing and industry sectors than in the finance, trade, and primary sectors. A stronger focus on improving quality of working conditions is likely to promote a higher age at retirement among both men and women.
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Schouteten, Joachim J., Xavier Gellynck, and Hendrik Slabbinck. "Do Fair Trade Labels Bias Consumers’ Perceptions of Food Products? A Comparison between a Central Location Test and Home-Use Test." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 28, 2021): 1384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031384.
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Consumers are paying more and more attention to ethical and social criteria during grocery shopping. As a result, Fair Trade products which are certified to address global supply chain issues (e.g., forced labor, working conditions, fair pay), are gaining popularity. However, it is unclear to which extent Fair Trade labels might influence how consumers perceive such labelled food products. The aim of this research was to examine the potential effect of Fair Trade labels on several measurements (overall liking, sensory profiling, emotions, willingness-to-pay and kCal estimations). Furthermore, tests were carried out at a sensory lab and at home to examine if the evaluation context might impact the label effect. In total, 179 consumers participated in this study of which 90 carried out the test in the sensory test facilities (central location test—CLT) and 89 at home (home-use-test—HUT). Participants evaluated three pairs of food products (nuts, juice and chocolate) of which one was labelled as conventional and the other one as Fair Trade. However, participants were each time evaluating the same Fair Trade product. Results showed that the Fair Trade label increased the overall liking. For the juice and chocolate, a higher willingness-to-pay was found when the product was labelled as ‘Fair Trade’ while no effect of the label was established for the nuts. The Fair Trade label did not affect the kcal estimation of the samples. The Fair Trade label had a rather limited influence on the sensory and emotional profiling of the food products. Furthermore, the results of the CLT and HUT were highly similar indicating that the evaluation context has little impact on the labelling effect.
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Howard, P. H., and P. Allen. "Consumer willingness to pay for domestic ‘fair trade’: Evidence from the United States." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 23, no. 03 (June 30, 2008): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170508002275.
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AbstractThe success of fair trade labels for food products imported from the Global South has attracted interest from producers and activists in the Global North. Efforts are under way to develop domestic versions of fair trade in regions that include the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom. Fair trade, which is based on price premiums to support agricultural producers and workers in the Global South, has enjoyed tremendous sales growth in the past decade. Will consumers also pay a price premium to improve the conditions of those engaged in agriculture closer to home? To address this question, consumer willingness to pay for food embodying a living wage and safe working conditions for farmworkers was assessed with a national survey in the United States. The question format was a discrete choice (yes/no) response to one of four randomly selected price premiums, as applied to a hypothetical example of a pint of strawberries. Multilevel regression models indicated that respondents were willing to pay a median of 68% more for these criteria, with frequent organic consumers and those who consider the environment when making purchases most willing to pay higher amounts. Although the results should be interpreted with caution, given the well-known gap between expressed attitudes and actual behaviors, we conclude that there is a strong potential market opportunity for domestic fair trade.
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Ferrante, Vincenzo. "Between health and salary: The incomplete regulation of working time in European law." European Labour Law Journal 10, no. 4 (November 6, 2019): 370–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2031952519886144.
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The European Union competences on health and safety of workplace constituted the legal basis for the 93/104 Directive to be adopted (and for the consolidated text of 2003/88 Directive). The Court of Justice has firmly maintained this approach refusing to take into account the history of international regulation on working time, which links together work and salary in perspective to give the workers the right to fair and equal treatment as regards their working conditions (as has been recently proclaimed also by the European Pillar of Social Rights). Building on these general premises, this article analyses the more recent European pieces of legislation and cases related to on-call time and proposes a new model for the definition of working time in the light of CJEU case law.
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Yin, Hong Hao, Hui Chen, and Zhong Bo Peng. "Application of SOM Network in Ship Pipeline Leakage Detecting." Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (February 2012): 538–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.538.
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At present, ship pipeline leakage has become a great hidden risk of safe navigation and environmental pollution, but piping detecting technology mostly focuses on long-distance oil and gas pipeline, and does a little on the complicated pipeline system, for example, ship pipeline system. The frequently-used leakage detecting of negative pressure wave method, because the frequent adjustable pump or reset valve of ship pipeline system will also produce the negative pressure wave, may easily fail to report or even misreport. In order to monitor ship pipeline leakage effectively and greatly reduce fault alarm rate and missing alarm rate, SOM network (self-organizing feature map neural network) had been used to identify leakage from different working conditions. At first, the waveform characteristics of pressure and flow signals were analyzed by kurtosis calculating to obtain condition eigenvectors. From data sampling in terms of pipe working conditions, learning samples were obtained. Accordingly, the nonlinear mapping between SOM neural network inputs and outputs were well established via training. Afterwards, ship piping leakage was detected based on input eigenve