Academic literature on the topic 'Failure effect of adaptation'

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Journal articles on the topic "Failure effect of adaptation"

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Elijah, Volenzo Tom, and John O. Odiyo. "Perception of Environmental Spillovers Across Scale in Climate Change Adaptation Planning: The Case of Small-Scale Farmers’ Irrigation Strategies, Kenya." Climate 8, no. 1 (December 26, 2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8010003.

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The failure to acknowledge and account for environmental externalities or spillovers in climate change adaptation policy, advocacy, and programming spaces exacerbate the risk of ecological degradation, and more so, the degradation of land. The use of unsuitable water sources for irrigation may increase salinisation risks. However, few if any policy assessments and research efforts have been directed at investigating how farmer perceptions mediate spillovers from the ubiquitous irrigation adaptation strategy. In this study, the cognitive failure and/or bias construct is examined and proposed as an analytical lens in research, policy, and learning and the convergence of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation discourses. A cross-sectional survey design and multistage stratified sampling were used to collect data from 69 households. To elicit the environmental impacts of irrigation practices, topsoil and subsoils from irrigated and non-irrigated sites were sampled and analysed using AAS (atomic absorption spectrophotometer). A generalised linear logistic weight estimation procedure was used to analyse the perception of risks while an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse changes in exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP). The findings from small-scale farmers in Machakos and Kakamega counties, Kenya, suggest multifaceted biases and failures about the existence and importance of externalities in adaptation planning discourses. Among other dimensions, a cognitive failure which encompasses fragmented approaches among institutions for use and management of resources, inadequate policy. and information support, as well as the poor integration of actors in adaptation planning accounts for adaptation failure. The failures in such human–environment system interactions have the potential to exacerbate the existing vulnerability of farmer production systems in the long run. The findings further suggest that in absence of risk message information dissemination, education level, farming experience, and information accumulation, as integral elements to human capital, do not seem to have a significant effect on behaviour concerning the mitigation of environmental spillovers. Implicitly, reversing the inherent adaptation failures calls for system approaches that enhance coordinated adaptation planning, prioritise the proactive mitigation of slow-onset disaster risks, and broadens decision support systems such as risk information dissemination integration, into the existing adaptation policy discourses and practice.
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Busby, J. S. "Adaptation failures that cause error in technical organizations." Human Systems Management 20, no. 4 (October 14, 2001): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hsm-2001-20403.

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A study was conducted of 127 cases of organizational error in engineering companies, analysing in particular the adaptation failures they pointed to: that is, the reasons that adaptation to past error had not led to error-free performance. The cases were first categorised according to whether the failure was due to situational variety or shortcomings in learning. Shortcomings in learning were then differentiated according to whether the cause lay with individuals' inferences, the structure of the engineering task they were performing, characteristics of tools used during the task, or organizational-level phenomena. A detailed taxonomy was developed for the cases collected under these categories. An attempt was then made to find an over-arching explanation of these adaptation failures, most of which turned out to be cases where earlier adaptations had been too rapid and definitive. The individuals or organizations in question had taken account of historical experience, but had done so in a way that discounted the possibility that this experience was idiosyncratic or temporary. This was explained in terms of the reinforcing feedback that arises from a number of effects. The suggestion is also made that there are good reasons why reinforcing feedback is ultimately functional, even though it appears to underlie particular adaptation failures and errors.
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Park, Hyojin, and Hyunjung Ju. "Effects of failure tolerance and self-efficacy on adaptation to college life according to clusters of perfectionism." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 22, no. 14 (July 31, 2022): 367–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2022.22.14.367.

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Objectives This study examined natural groupings of college students in terms of perfectionism, the differences in adaptation to college life among clusters, and factors influencing adaptation to college life according to each cluster. Methods Based on the data of 261 college students, cluster analysis using the sub-scales of perfectionism—self-oriented and socially-prescribed perfectionism—was conducted. Then, the differences in adaptation to college life were analyzed among sub-groups by using MANOVA. Multiple regression analysis was also conducted to examine the effects of failure tolerance and self-efficacy on adaptation to college life according to each cluster. Results The cluster analysis resulted in three clusters—Cluster 1: self- and other-fulfilling perfectionism group; Cluster 2: non-perfectionistic group; and Cluster 3: self-fulfilling perfectionism group. As results of MANOVA, Clusters 2 and 3 showed significantly higher scores on adaptation to college life than Cluster 1. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that failure tolerance had a significant effect on adaptation to college life in Clusters 1 and 2. In Cluster 3, adaptation to college life was significantly affected by both failure tolerance and self-efficacy. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that it is necessary to provide college students with appropriate programs or counseling activities to enhance their adaptation to college life based on their types of perfectionism.
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Freitas, Thiago Lopes de, Rafael Pino Vitti, Milton Edson Miranda, and William Cunha Brandt. "Effect of Glass Fiber Post Adaptation on Push-Out Bond Strength to Root Dentin." Brazilian Dental Journal 30, no. 4 (July 2019): 350–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201902491.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different glass fiber posts (GFPs) diameters on the push-out bond strength to dentin. Forty unirradicular human teeth were endodontically treated and used for cementation of GFPs (White Post DC, FGM) with different diameters (n=10): P1 - ø 1.6 mm coronal x 0.85 mm apical; P2 - ø 1.8 mm coronal x 1.05 mm apical; P5 - ø 1.4 mm coronal x 0.65 mm apical; and PC - customized post number 0.5 with composite resin (Tetric Ceram A2, Ivoclair Vivadent). All GFPs were cemented into the root canal using a dual-curing luting composite (Variolink II, Ivoclar Vivadent). One slice (1.7 mm) of each root third of cemented GFP (cervical, middle, and apical) was submitted to push-out testing. Failure modes of all specimens were classified as: adhesive failure between resin cement and post; adhesive failure between dentin and resin cement; cohesive failure within resin cement, post or dentin; and mixed failure. The data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (a=0.05). The highest bond strength values were presented for the P2 and PC groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the GFP thirds in each group. The groups P2, P5, and PC showed predominantly adhesive failure. For P1, the most prevalent type of failure was adhesive between resin cement and post. It may be concluded that a glass fiber post that is well adapted to the root canal presents higher bond strength values, regardless of GFP third.
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Thayer, Vargas, Castellanos, Lafon, McCarl, Roelke, Winemiller, and Lacher. "Integrating Agriculture and Ecosystems to Find Suitable Adaptations to Climate Change." Climate 8, no. 1 (January 9, 2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8010010.

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Climate change is altering agricultural production and ecosystems around the world. Future projections indicate that additional change is expected in the coming decades, forcing individuals and communities to respond and adapt. Current research efforts typically examine climate change effects and possible adaptations but fail to integrate agriculture and ecosystems. This failure to jointly consider these systems and associated externalities may underestimate climate change impacts or cause adaptation implementation surprises, such as causing adaptation status of some groups or ecosystems to be worsened. This work describes and motivates reasons why ecosystems and agriculture adaptation require an integrated analytical approach. Synthesis of current literature and examples from Texas are used to explain concepts and current challenges. Texas is chosen because of its high agricultural output that is produced in close interrelationship with the surrounding semi-arid ecosystem. We conclude that future effect and adaptation analyses would be wise to jointly consider ecosystems and agriculture. Existing paradigms and useful methodology can be transplanted from the sustainable agriculture and ecosystem service literature to explore alternatives for climate adaptation and incentivization of private agriculturalists and consumers. Researchers are encouraged to adopt integrated modeling as a means to avoid implementation challenges and surprises when formulating and implementing adaptation.
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Kayani, Anna C., James P. Morton, and Anne McArdle. "The exercise-induced stress response in skeletal muscle: failure during aging." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 33, no. 5 (October 2008): 1033–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h08-089.

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Mammalian adult skeletal muscle adapts to the stress of contractile activity with increased gene expression by yielding a family of highly conserved cytoprotective proteins known as heat shock proteins (HSPs). Although the exercise-induced stress response of both animal and human skeletal muscle is now well documented, the precise mechanisms underlying this adaptation remain unclear. The induction of HSPs after exercise is severely blunted in the muscle of older individuals. This review focuses on the effects of different forms of exercise and training on the induction of HSPs in the muscles of adult individuals, and examines the proposed mechanisms underlying this adaptation. Furthermore, the functional effect of the inability of the muscles of older individuals to adapt in this way is discussed, together with the proposed mechanisms underlying this maladaptation.
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QUINTEROS MAYNE, ROBERTO, IGNACIO DE ARTEAGA JORDA, RUFINO GOÑI LASHERAS, and BORJA IRAOLA SAENZ. "ADAPTATION OF THE TSAI-HILL CRITERION FOR THE STUDY OF THE BEHAVIOR OF MASONRY ARCHES ADAPTATION OF THE THAI-HILL CRITERION FOR THE STUDY OF THE BEHAVIOR OF MASONRY ARCHES: COMPARISON BETWEEN MASOMODEL, EXPANDED MICROMODEL AND DETAILED MICROMODEL." DYNA 96, no. 5 (September 1, 2021): 464–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.6036/10051.

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Since the beginning of the structural analysis of masonry structures, it has been sought to know their behavior taking into account the influence of the different elements that make it up, evolving the structural analysis of masonry arches to analyze the fracto-mechanical behavior of the masonry. This article presents the adaptation of the Tsai-Hill failure criterion for orthotropic materials, for the study of masonry arches. Implementing the adaptation in a VUSFLD subroutine of ABAQUS in Fortran programming language. This subroutine has been validated in view of the failure of the mortar, and the effect of considering mortar in the analysis of a masonry arch. The subroutine implemented in a masomodel allows observing its contribution to the bearing capacity of an arch. Key Words: Masonry Arch; ABAQUS subroutine; failure Criterion; Mortar; structural analysis; Tsai-Hill failure criterion
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Larsen, Janet D., and Beth Anne Goldstein. "Selective Adaptation to Low Spatial Frequencies Does Not Decrease the Mueller-Lyer Illusion." Perceptual and Motor Skills 78, no. 1 (February 1994): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.78.1.339.

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The idea that low spatial-frequency information in the Mueller-Lyer figure accounts for a major part of the illusion was tested in a series of five studies. In Study 1, subjects were selectively adapted to high or low square-wave spatial-frequency gratings with no difference in the magnitude of illusion they experienced. Similarly, adaptation to sinusoidal grating patterns with either high or low spatial frequency had no effect on the magnitude of illusion experienced (Studies 2 to 5). The failure of adaptation to low spatial-frequency gratings to affect the magnitude of illusion experienced indicates either that the illusion cannot be accounted for by the low spatial-frequency information or that adaptation of the visual system by grating patterns cannot be used to explore any effects of the low spatial frequencies in the figure.
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Xin, Li, and Fei Liu. "Modeling Urban Exodus Dynamics Considering Settlers Adaptation Time and Local Authority Support." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (December 21, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9954702.

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While there has been much work analyzing the effects of urban exodus on rural areas' development, particularly in improving these localities' access to better services and decent quality of life, models to date lacked important features such as adaptation time effect on ongoing agricultural projects of new settlers reflecting real difficulties related to individuals abilities. In this article, we show that newcomers individual abilities, educational backgrounds, motivation, and so forth are crucial to promote the development of rural areas and facilitate the relocation or return of a certain group of people in their region of interest. Using a systemic approach, we present a model of urban exodus based on constant delay differential equations considering the local authority and population support and the time needed before the successful settlement of newcomers in the region. Furthermore, we estimate that adaptation time was responsible both for successful settlement increase and failure decrease. To reflect this, we incorporate delay terms in both the successful settlement and failure differential equations. We performed a qualitative analysis of the proposed system and show in numerical simulation that newcomers should be selected in function of their skills and experiences to accelerate their successful settlement, achieve overall socioeconomic development and improve the quality of life and well-being of the inhabitants.
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Liniyarti, Liniyarti, and Tuti Herawati. "Asuhan Keperawatan Dengan Pendekatan Teori Model Adaptasi Roy Pada Pasien Congestive Heart Failure: Case Study." Care : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan 10, no. 2 (July 27, 2022): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33366/jc.v10i2.2395.

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Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a chronic complex syndrome characterized by the inability of the heart to support the circulation of the peripheral organs and may cause negative effects on the whole human body systems. CHF survivors may develop poor adaptation and quality of life also death. Roy's adaptation theory model-based intervention aid in improving patient adaptation to the fulfillment of physiological needs, self-concept, role function, and interdependence. The purpose of this case study was to apply Roy's adaptation theory model to patients with CHF. The results showed that adaptive mal behavior becomes the priority problem of low cardiac output with focal stimuli: increased afterload, preload, contractility, and changes in heart rate. The history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and non-adherence were included in the contextual stimulus. The history of smoking is included in the residual stimulus. Two mechanisms of regulatory and cognitive control are used as nursing interventions. Results showed that the patient performed physiological-physical adaptation had no diuretic injection, was capable to endure fluid restriction, and showed adequate fluid balance. Moreover, patients were also adapted with lifestyle changes supported by their families. It is recommended to provide Roy's adaptation theory model-based nursing intervention to the chronic disease patients in the clinical setting.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Failure effect of adaptation"

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Heiwe, Susanne. "Experienced physical functioning and effects of resistance training in patients with chronic kidney disease /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-865-3/.

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Williams, Nadine A. "Adaptation of Heart Failure Education Materials for the Middle Eastern Population." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6873.

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Cardiovascular disease, including heart failure, is the leading cause of death among male and female Middle Eastern Americans. In 2016, a medical center located in the northeastern region of the United States had an estimated 35% of heart failure patients readmitted within 30 days of discharge, 10% of these readmitted patients belonged to the local Middle Eastern community. The gap in nursing practice noted by nursing staff, patients, and their families was that the patient education materials on heart failure were not tailored to the cultural beliefs and customs of this high-risk population. The purpose of this project was to adapt the American Heart Association teaching tools on heart failure education to the Middle Eastern community to enhance compliance with treatment care plans, minimize days spent in the hospital, and decrease the readmission rates. The practice-focused question explored whether a team of experts could adapt heart failure education materials for the Middle Eastern community. An expert team met weekly to adapt the teaching materials to include information regarding effective communication techniques, adaptation to religious strictures, and modification of behavioral risks specific to Middle Eastern cultures. The information gathered was compiled and will be shared with the host medical facility. The positive social change resulting from this project might include improved culturally appropriate communication and support for the medical center's Middle Eastern population of heart failure patients, which may result in improved health outcomes.
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Laurence, Sarah. "The effect of familiarity on face adaptation." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/47140/.

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Face adaptation techniques have been used extensively to investigate how faces are processed. It has even been suggested that face adaptation is functional in calibrating the visual system to the diet of faces to which an observer is exposed. Yet most adaptation studies to date have used unfamiliar faces: few have used faces with real world familiarity. Familiar faces have more abstractive representations than unfamiliar faces. The experiments in this thesis therefore examined face adaptation for familiar faces. Chapters 2 and 3 explored the role of explicit recognition of familiar faces in producing face identity after-effects (FIAEs). Chapter 2 used composite faces (the top half of a celebrity's face paired with the bottom half of an unfamiliar face) as adaptors and showed that only recognised composites produced significant adaptation. In Chapter 3 the adaptors were cryptic faces (unfamiliar faces subtly transformed towards a celebrity's face) and faces of celebrity's siblings. Unrecognised cryptic and sibling faces produced FIAEs for their related celebrity, but only when adapting and testing on the same viewpoint. Adaptation only transferred across viewpoint when a face was explicitly recognised. Chapter 4 demonstrated that face adaptation could occur for ecologically valid, personally familiar stimuli, a necessary pre-requisite if adaptation is functional in calibrating face processing mechanisms. A video of a lecturer's face produced FIAEs equivalent to that produced by static images. Chapters 5 and 6 used a different type of after-effect, the face distortion after-effect (FDAE), to explore the stability of our representations for personally familiar faces, and showed that even representations of highly familiar faces can be affected by exposure to distorted faces. The work presented here shows that it is important to take facial familiarity into account when investigating face adaptation effects, as well as increasing our understanding of how familiarity affects the representations of faces.
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Barsoum, Imad. "The effect of stress state in ductile failure." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Hållfasthetslära, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4667.

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Irving, Greg. "Adjustment and adaptation in patients with chronic heart failure at the end of life." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2013. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2014762/.

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Background: Advanced heart failure is receiving increasing attention from clinicians and policy makers as a major chronic condition associated with poor quality of life in an ageing population. Aim: To explore how we could tailor health interventions to individual patients with advanced heart failure at the end of life. Design: (1) A systematic review of national and international chronic heart failure guidelines using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) tool and a data extraction framework based on the holistic needs assessment of the Gold Standards Framework (GSF). (2) A longitudinal qualitative study of 15 patients with New York Heart Association grade 3 or 4 heart failure recruited through two community based heart failure services. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients at 3 monthly intervals for 1 year (n= 52 interviews). A refined ‘case-based’ method as described by Griffiths et al. was adopted to identify the ideal type categories of adjustment and adaptation and assess how these categories change over time for each patient. This involved understanding individuals as complex systems, subject to internal and external influences, with the potential for transformation. The analysis drew on the theoretical concept of the emergent present - as developed by Adam - the current period of time when all domains of life have expression. Results: (1) A total of 19 guidelines were included in the review. Across all guidelines the lowest scoring domains were applicability and stakeholder involvement. Qualitative assessment showed that most guidelines adopt a disease-orientated approach to addressing need. In particular, domains on continuity of care and out of hours care were poorly covered. (2) Four distinct patterns of adjustment and adaptation were identified. The largest group was the Stuck and struggling category, which was characterised by participants wanting to move on but being unable to do so. Participants in the integrating group were able to accommodate the problems that they faced from moment to moment despite anticipating an uncertain future. Those in the submerged group were completely immersed in their illness and any expectation of a meaningful future had completely disappeared. The Past reminder group was characterised by a narrative based in the emergent present that was dominated by their experience of previous events. It was shown that some participants transformed from one category to another as a result of the care they received. For others, there was no change over the course of the study. Conclusion: This thesis identifies important differences between the ‘objective’ patient represented in clinical guidelines and the ‘subjective’ experience of the individual. The illness experiences of people living with advanced heart failure are diverse and do not lend themselves to standardised care. This raises important questions for the way knowledge is currently translated into clinical practice. Attending to the emergent present may be a clinically useful approach for supporting health care professionals to tailor care to needs of patients at the end of life.
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Azadi, Azin. "A 'dynamic' tissue model of glomerular filtration barrier maintenance, adaptation and potential pathways to failure." Thesis, Azadi, Azin (2022) A 'dynamic' tissue model of glomerular filtration barrier maintenance, adaptation and potential pathways to failure. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2022. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/66252/.

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The glomerular filtration barrier (GFB), within the kidney, is known to act as a filter. It must work effectively over its lifespan, avoiding common filter problems such as clogging. Previous mathematical studies mostly just considered how the GFB acts as a size and charge selective barrier. In contrast, here the aim is how the GFB continues to work long-term, despite its environmental changes. The overarching hypothesis presented here is that the tissue is continuously renewing, as podocyte-synthesized molecules are transported ‘upstream’ against the filtrate across the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) to exit via endothelial fenestrae. We refer to this as a ‘dynamic’ tissue, rather than the common static view of the GFB as a simple filter. This then provides a conceptual model to understand how the GFB works long-term. We use computational modelling to (i) test this conceptual model, (ii) integrate and quantify the various biological, biochemical and biophysical processes involved and (iii) predict key model parameter values that are linking to the structural/functional features of GFB. This approach helped identify potential control mechanisms to maintain GFB functional properties against a constant challenges. It also reveals potential pathways to GFB ‘failure’ or pathology. We found there is a constant gradient in the negative fixed charge (NFC) from podocytes to endothelial, which is the main driver for rapid transport of heperan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) against plasma flow. This HSPG flux is a potential anti-clogging mechanism and may enable podocytes-to-endothelial cell upstream crosstalk. We demonstrated that the existence of a constant gradient NFC distribution is beneficial to albumin sieving rate compared to a constant NFC (as assumed in past models). We argue that the role of podocytes slit diaphragms is to retain GBM extracellular matrix proteins, rather than albumin-exclusion barrier. Results are significant in terms of understanding GFB maintenance, adaption and pathology.
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Gan, Khong Wui. "Effect of high through-thickness compression on composite failure." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616885.

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As composite materials are now used in load conditions with increasing complexity and thickness, all the three-dimensional stress components become important and should be taken into account when predicting failures. In particular, the through-thickness stresses can play a crucial role in determining the in-plane behaviours and strength of a composite, laminate. The work presented in this PhD thesis aims to investigate failures due to complex stress fields at the root of a composite component in a dovetail assembly, where highly concentrated through-thickness stresses as well as in-plane tensile and interlaminar shear stresses are present. The problem was decoupled into two simpler multiaxial load cases which were studied separately: (1) through-thickness compression with interlaminar shear, and (2) through-thickness compression with longitudinal tension. They were investigated experimentally using new loading configuration in a biaxial test machine. This bridges the gap in reliable multiaxial experimental data which is lacking in the open literature. This was then combined with a finite element (FE) modelling approach to, develop simple failure criteria which are validated for engineering design purposes. A simple constitutive law which takes into account the effect of transverse compression and analytical tools which can be I easily utilised to predict stresses and failures in composites were also developed. The findings of this thesis were finally applied to a severely tapered dovetail composite specimen, together with some mitigation strategies, to predict its ultimate fibre failure load and the failure locations.
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Sadehi, Hamid. "Effect of frequency on the failure of articular cartilage." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7616/.

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Articular cartilage in synovial joints can become damaged due to mechanical loading, trauma or wear and tear. The initiation and progression of damage in cartilage may lead to degenerative changes of the joint. However, links between mechanical loading and the initiation/progression of damage in cartilage remain poorly understood. In this thesis, the damaging effects of loading frequencies representative of normal (1 Hz), above normal (10Hz) and rapid heel-strikes (100Hz) on cartilage/cartilage-on-bone were assessed and compared to test the hypothesis that failure can be influenced by frequency. Bovine cartilage was used as a model for human cartilage. Materials testing machines were used to apply sinusoidally varying loads at different frequencies and altered maximum forces under different loading types. A metal indenter was used to apply cyclic loading on cartilage-on-bone specimens to produce failure on the surface of cartilage-on-bone specimens in compression. Fatigue failure of cartilage-on-bone specimens were determined using cyclic three-point bending. Propagation of an initial crack across the area of cartilage specimens with respect to increasing number of loading cycles were measured and compared under tension. The results from this thesis indicated that failure increases significantly (p < 0.05) in cartilage-on-bone specimens with increasing the loading frequency under compression and bending. Strain experienced by the cartilage specimens at higher frequency, e.g. 100 Hz, caused a greater crack growth under tension. The results from this work have many potential implications in the early onset of osteoarthritis. This is because rapid heel-strike rise times have been implicated in the early onset of osteoarthritis.
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Shu, Gang. "Statistical Estimation of Software Reliability and Failure-causing Effect." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1405509796.

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Mauck, Rebecca A. "The effect of prior education on the learning effect associated with the six-minute walk test in patients with congestive heart failure." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1260490.

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A learning effect has been shown to be present in the repeated performance of the six-minute walk test and contributes to the variability of walk distance up to the third walk test. The purpose of this study was to see if education about the performance of the walk test could minimize the learning effect. It was hypothesized that education about the learning effect would decrease the learning effect. There were a total of 18 subjects (5 female and 13 male) with a mean age of 63.7+12.1 years that completed three standardized six-minute walk tests. The subjects were randomly assigned to either a Learning Effect Education (LEE) group or a Usual Care (UC) group. The LEE group was provided with education material about the learning effect approximately two days prior to their first walk test, with additional instruction immediately prior to their first walk test. The mean walk distances for the LEE group over the three walk tests were 1,248±297.4, 1,361.9±275.7, and 1,355.1+291.7 feet, respectively. Mean walk distances for the UC group over the three walk tests were 1,149.6+392.3, 1,123.6+427.5, and 1,209.9±368.7 feet, respectively. The hypothesis was tested and the repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant (p=0.033) interaction between the groups with respect to six-minute walk distance. A Bonferroni's post hoc analysis showed that mean walk distance (113.9+42.3 feet) increased significantly (p=0.048) from test one to test two in the LEE group. There was no significant difference between mean walk distance from test two and test three (6.8+31.1 feet) in the LEE group. In the UC group, there was no significant increase in mean walk distance from test one to test two (-26+42.3 feet), while there was a significant (p=0.04) increase in mean walk distance from test two to test three (86.3+31.1 feet). There was a significant difference between walk tests (p=0.011) with no significant difference between groups (p=0.333). In conclusion, the results from this study suggest that education may reduce the number of familiarization trials needed prior obtaining an accurate baseline six-minute walk test distance.
School of Physical Education
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Books on the topic "Failure effect of adaptation"

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Hori, Masatsugu, Yukio Maruyama, and Robert S. Reneman, eds. Cardiac Adaptation and Failure. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67014-8.

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Holtz, J., H. Drexler, and H. Just, eds. Cardiac Adaptation in Heart Failure. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72477-0.

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Foundation, Novartis, ed. Heart failure: Molecules, mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Chichester: John Wiley, 2006.

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1939-, Frisancho A. Roberto, ed. Human adaptation and accommodation. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1993.

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Dussault, Gilles. The effect of migrant adaptation on perinatal health. [Montréal]: Groupe de recherche interdisciplinaire en santé, 1992.

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Adaptation to climate change. Abingdon, Oxon, England: Routledge, 2010.

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Foundation, Novartis. Heart Failure. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2006.

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Dixon, Ian M. C., and Jeffrey T. Wigle, eds. Cardiac Fibrosis and Heart Failure: Cause or Effect? Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17437-2.

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G, Alscher Ruth, and Cumming Jonathan R, eds. Stress responses in plants: Adaptation and acclimation mechanisms. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1990.

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Friedberg, Mark K., and Andrew N. Redington, eds. Right Ventricular Physiology, Adaptation and Failure in Congenital and Acquired Heart Disease. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67096-6.

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Book chapters on the topic "Failure effect of adaptation"

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Kitakaze, Masafumi, Tetsuo Minamino, Toshikazu Morioka, Koichi Node, Michitoshi Inoue, Masatsugu Hori, Takenobu Kamada, and Eduardo Marban. "Effect of Coronary Perfusion on Myocardial Contractility in the Heart." In Cardiac Adaptation and Failure, 21–35. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67014-8_2.

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LeWinter, Martin M., Hitoshi Yaku, and Bryan K. Slinker. "Effect of Mild Pressure Overload on Mechanoenergetics of the Rabbit Heart." In Cardiac Adaptation and Failure, 209–22. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67014-8_15.

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Mirsky, Israel, Teruhiko Aoyagi, Tadashi Ihara, Christian van Eyll, Michel F. Rousseau, and Hubert Pouleur. "Long-Term Effects of Enalapril in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction." In Cardiac Adaptation and Failure, 375–85. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67014-8_27.

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Younus, Md Aboul Fazal. "Failure Effects of Autonomous Adaptation." In Springer Theses, 155–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5494-2_7.

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Domingo, E., M. R. Gilabert, and R. Ballester. "Effect of Aspirin on Central and Peripheral Cardiovascular Adaptation to Exercise in Heart Failure: Participation of Splanchnic Flow." In Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, 175–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79715-6_15.

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Pant, Raghav. "Advances in Climate Adaptation Modeling of Infrastructure Networks." In Springer Climate, 159–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86211-4_19.

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AbstractAs the adverse effects of climate change are increasingly becoming unavoidable, calls for improving climate adaptation assessments have gathered interest at the global scale. Infrastructure policymakers and practitioners are now interested in understanding climate vulnerabilities and risks that capture the systemic nature of failure propagation seen across interconnected networks. This would help inform adaptation planning objectives meant to improve systemic resilience. This paper presents recent technical methodological and tool-based advances made in climate vulnerability, risk, and adaptation modeling of large-scale infrastructure networks. These methodologies adopt a bottom-up approach that focuses on creating data-rich representations of infrastructure network attributes, resource flows, and socio-economic indicators that are all used for quantifying direct and indirect risks to network assets exposed to extreme climate hazards at multiple scales. Insights from different case studies are presented to show how such methodologies have been used in practice for informing different policy needs. The paper concludes by identifying the existing gaps and future opportunities for such bottom-up infrastructure network vulnerability, risk, and adaptation assessment methodologies.
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Popoola, Kehinde Olayinka, Anne Jerneck, and Sunday Adesola Ajayi. "Climate Variability and Rural Livelihood Security: Impacts and Implications." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 423–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_200.

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AbstractIn a typical Nigerian village, the majority of the population comprises old people who are mostly economically unproductive due to reduced or loss of physical strength brought about by ageing and ill health. Many of these rural old people still work, and do so outside the formal sector, and are particularly susceptible to the effects of climate variability and change. Few studies have reported on climate change and the rural aged and there is a research gap as regards rural elderly peoples’ perception of climate variability impact on them. Since little is known about their perception of climate variability impacts and implications on the rural aged especially in relation to their livelihood activities in Sub-Saharan Africa, this chapter therefore examined the impact of climate variability on the livelihood security of the rural aged in different ecological zones of Nigeria.Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used for data collection. Qualitative data were obtained through interviews with four aged and four aged women selected purposively in each rural community and analyzed using Content Analysis Method. Quantitative data were obtained through structured questionnaire administered to an aged male and an aged female population available in selected houses (the aged are people 60 years and over in age) in selected rural communities in selected ecological zones of Nigeria. Where there was no combination of the two (aged men and aged women), either of the two was also sufficient.It was discovered that the ageds’ experiences of climate variability impact relate to the prevailing climate variability characteristic of each ecological zones. The impact on their livelihood in these zones is seen in terms of livestock death, lack of pastures for herds, scarcity of water, pest invasion, delayed planting crop failure, need for irrigation, water logging, drowning of small animals, human and animal illness. This means that planning decisions related to climate change issues should take cognizance of the views of the aged populations especially of those residing in rural areas as they are the most affected by the impact.
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Goto, Yoichi. "Cardiac Contractility and Oxygen Consumption Under Altered Coronary Perfusion." In Cardiac Adaptation and Failure, 3–19. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67014-8_1.

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Hori, Masatsugu, Masafumi Kitakaze, Toshimazu Morioka, Tetsuo Minamino, Seiji Takashima, Hiroshi Sato, Koichi Node, Michitoshi Inoue, and Takenobu Kamada. "Beneficial Role of Interaction Between Alpha-Adrenoceptor Activity and Adenosine in Myocardial Ischemic and Reperfusion Injury." In Cardiac Adaptation and Failure, 131–46. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67014-8_10.

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Downey, James M., and Tetsuji Miura. "The Role of Adenosine in Ischemic Preconditioning." In Cardiac Adaptation and Failure, 147–66. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67014-8_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Failure effect of adaptation"

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Kames, Elisabeth, Ryan Zaremba, and Beshoy Morkos. "Analyzing Composite Material Manufacturing Methods Using Failure Modes Effect Analysis." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67368.

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This paper presents the preliminary results of a case study of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) in composite manufacturing. The purpose of FMEA is to improve quality, reliability, safety, durability, and reduce product life-cycle costs. Six various methods of composite layup (both manual and automated) were identified and examined with respect to various defect types caused through the composite layup process such as porosity, fiber misalignment, excess or insufficient resin, and incomplete curing. An adaptation of FMEA for composite manufacturing was used to analyze the different defect types, and the occurrence, severity, and detectability of each type of failure in each of the composite manufacturing processes. Failure was defined as the loss of function or ability to perform a prescribed task in a given manner for which that part was designed [1]. The conclusions of this study are two-fold: design engineers can analyze the most common composite material defects in order to build robustness into the product and the methodologies used can assist process improvement for manual or automated composite manufacturing.
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Coles, Garill A., and Jonathan Young. "Use of Failure Modes Effects and Criticality Analysis to Improve Patient Safety." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32453.

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The Joint Commission for Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations recently approved revisions to their accreditation standards that are intended to support improvements in patient safety and reduce medical errors. Key among these is the requirement to perform a Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) on one high-risk process each year and propose measures to address the most critical failures. Because FMECA was developed for other industries such as nuclear, aerospace, and chemical, some adaptation of its form and use is needed. The FMECA process is normally performed by analyzing each element of an engineered system as represented on a process flow diagram. Medical processes, in contrast, are usually defined procedurally. The key elements of a medical process are more likely to be actions than equipment and components. A community project was put together to develop and test the FMECA adaptation and had good results. This collaboration consisted of safety analysts at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington and the Quality and Performance Improvement managers of the three local hospitals. This paper describes this adaptation.
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Zhao, Xinglong, David Lidbury, Joa˜o Quinta da Fonseca, and Andrew Sherry. "Assessing the Effect of Intrinsic Microscale Heterogeneity on Brittle Fracture of a Ferritic Steel." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2007-26752.

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Brittle fracture can have potentially catastrophic consequences on the safety and integrity of engineering components. For this reason, the accurate prediction of cleavage failure probability is of importance in assessing the defect tolerance of high-integrity ferritic steel components, given the possibility of operation in the presence of significant loads at temperatures in the ductile-brittle transition range. In current safety assessments, fracture mechanics treats polycrystalline steels as homogeneous continua. In reality, deformation is heterogeneous, due to the elastic and plastic anisotropy of their constituent (often randomly orientated) grains. Heterogeneity at the micro (grain) scale is currently not considered by conventional fracture mechanics. This paper describes the initial results of a programme of work on a 22NiMoCr37 steel forging to assess the effect of micro-scale heterogeneity on cleavage fracture probability using an adaptation of the Beremin local approach model. The results of cleavage fracture modelling allowing for the effects of micro-scale heterogeneity are compared with the results of modelling based on the assumption of homogeneous materials behaviour. Application of the micro-scale heterogeneity model is providing some new insights into the prediction of cleavage fracture probability.
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Schreier, David, Timothy Hacker, Guoqing Song, and Naomi Chesler. "The Role of Collagen Synthesis in Ventricular and Vascular Adaptation to Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80905.

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Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a debilitating disease that affects millions of Americans. Most research to date has focused on the deleterious effects of PH within the small vessels of the lungs that determine resistance. A relatively recent focus of PH is on the large pulmonary arteries (PAs) that provide compliance. Loss of compliance in these arteries, or arterial stiffening, is an excellent predictor of mortality in PH [1], which is most often caused by right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy and failure [2].
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Benissan, Michael, Stephen Akwaboa, Amitava Jana, and Patrick Mensah. "Modeling of Thermally Grown Oxide Layer Growth as a Moving Boundary Problem." In ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2013-17505.

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Thermal efficiency of energy conversion systems such as gas turbines can be increased greatly with an increase in the turbine inlet temperature of combustion gases. However, this necessitates the use of efficient cooling techniques in addition to thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) to help significantly improve the life expectancy of gas turbine blades. The effect of TBC use is the formation of oxides, particularly alumina, at the interface of the ceramic top coat and bond coat material during in-service application. This effect is well known to cause failure of TBCs exposed to extreme high temperature environments. The objective of this paper is to present a micro-scale finite difference thermal model for the TBC-Substrate system that considers growth of the TGO layer and predicts in-situ thermal gradients. The governing equation is the transient heat diffusion equation discretized over a 1-D domain using mean value finite volume method with grid adaptation for zones involving depletion of bond coat (BC) material and TGO growth; hence, necessitating a moving interfacial boundary problem. The resulting algebraic equations are simultaneously solved in MATLAB to produce temperature distributions and BC/TGO interfacial locations. The model has utility in studying the evolution of residual stresses and hence prediction of TBC durability and failure.
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Croce, Pietro, Paolo Formichi, and Filippo Landi. "Assessment of long-term structural reliability considering climate change effects." In IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.0052.

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<p>The assessment of climate change impacts is becoming increasingly relevant for many sciences and engineering disciplines. In this context, climate change may significantly affect the design of new structures and infrastructures as well as the long-term reliability of existing ones designed under the assumption of stationary climate.</p><p>A methodology for the assessment of climate change impact on long-term structural reliability is presented, based on the analysis of available information on past and future climate. The procedure relies on the factor of change approach and provide tools for the adaptation of climatic load maps and the evaluation of variations of failure probability and reliability index with time.</p><p>The proposed procedure will be illustrated for a relevant case study considering changes in climatic actions and different degradation conditions of structural resistance, which may also be affected by global warming.</p>
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Croce, Pietro, Paolo Formichi, and Filippo Landi. "Assessment of long-term structural reliability considering climate change effects." In IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.0052.

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<p>The assessment of climate change impacts is becoming increasingly relevant for many sciences and engineering disciplines. In this context, climate change may significantly affect the design of new structures and infrastructures as well as the long-term reliability of existing ones designed under the assumption of stationary climate.</p><p>A methodology for the assessment of climate change impact on long-term structural reliability is presented, based on the analysis of available information on past and future climate. The procedure relies on the factor of change approach and provide tools for the adaptation of climatic load maps and the evaluation of variations of failure probability and reliability index with time.</p><p>The proposed procedure will be illustrated for a relevant case study considering changes in climatic actions and different degradation conditions of structural resistance, which may also be affected by global warming.</p>
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Konstantinov, V. V., E. A. Klimova, and R. V. Osin. "Socio-psychological adaptation of children of labor migrants in the conditions of preschool educational institutions." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL ONLINE CONFERENCE. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-50-8.2020.143.155.

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In the modern world, labour migrants come to developed countries with their children, including children of preschool age, in search of better jobs. It is children who are most vulnerable in the framework of the migration process as they need to adapt to life in a new multicultural environment. Today, in fact, there is absence of fundamental developments aimed at solving difficulties of an adaptation process for children of labour migrants who have insufficient experience in constructive sociopsychological interaction and are involved in building image representation systems of significant others and of their own selves. The paper presents results of an empirical study implemented on the basis of preschool educational institutions of the Penza region in which 120 children of labour migrants participated between the ages of 6–7 years. Authors conclude that children of labour migrants are the most vulnerable social group in need of psychological support. Most pronounced destructive impact on a pre-schooler’s personality is expressed in a child-parent relationship. As main effects of a maladaptive behaviour of children from migrant families we can highlight: expressed anxiety, decreased self-esteem, neurotic reactions in social interaction, identification inconsistency, reduced social activity, intolerance of otherness and constant stress due to expectations of failure. Most children from migrant families express decreased or low self-esteem. The nature of a parent-child relationship is expressed in a collective image of a parent, in particular the image of the mother, and acts as an indicator of well-being / dysfunction of a child’s personal development, his attitude to the world and his own self.
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Vanem, Erik, Elzbieta M. Bitner-Gregersen, Lars Ingolf Eide, Luca Garrè, and Peter Friis Hansen. "Uncertainties of Climate Modeling and Effects on Wave Induced Bending Moment." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2014-t25.

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Ocean going ships are exposed to the environmental forces from waves and wind and the expected environmental loads over the life cycle of the ship need to be taken into account in the design. Classification societies have, by gathering historical observations of met-ocean conditions, developed rules based on semi-analytical models for response and strength, empirically modified to obtain agreement with observations. The safety level of existing ship structures is thus, to a large extent, defined by failure statistics and proven by successful operational experience. The fundamental assumption behind this practice is that observed data are stationary and ergodic. Because of climate change this no longer holds, however, and within a climate change perspective, the historic data will not represent a valid met-ocean description of future conditions. Therefore, the effect of climate change needs to be considered in ship design and operations. Even though there is general agreement among the majority of the world’s leading climate scientists that the world is experiencing climate change, there are still large uncertainties related to any climate projections and this uncertainty must also be taken into consideration. In this paper, the potential effect of climate change on the ocean wave climate is investigated and the possible impacts on safety of ships are demonstrated using the wave induced bending moment as an example. In particular, projections of the wave climate for a location in the North Atlantic Ocean will be analyzed and related uncertainties will be presented. The results will be discussed in the perspective of a risk-based framework for climate change adaptation, which is adopted in order to evaluate different design options.
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Lee, Sung-Chang, George W. Tyndall, and Mike Suk. "Flying Clearance Distribution With Thermo-Mechanical Actuation of Hard Disk Drive." In STLE/ASME 2008 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2008-71083.

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Flying clearance distribution with thermo-mechanical actuation is characterized. Especially, what factors contributing to variation of flying clearance are identified based on thermo-mechanical actuation profiles taken from burn-in process of hard disk drives and Gage R&R test of touch down repeatability. In addition, the effect of static temperature compensation scheme on flying clearance distribution is investigated and disadvantages of static adaptation to temperature change are identified. In order to avoid catastrophic early HDI failures due to poor static temperature compensation, we need to dynamically adjust flying clearance whenever environmental change is detected. Otherwise we need to utilize individual temperature sensitivity values of each flying head to adjust thermo-mechanical actuation amount accordingly with temperature change.
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Reports on the topic "Failure effect of adaptation"

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Luria, S. M. The Effect of Blinking on Subsequent Dark Adaptation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada240281.

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Clarkson, Priscilla M. The Effect of Smoking on Muscle Adaptation to Exercise. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada587066.

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KECK, R. D. Letter report seismic shutdown system failure mode and effect analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/798076.

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Bazant, Zdenek P., and Ted Beltyschko. Micromechanics of Size Effect in Failure Due to Distributed Cracking. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada223211.

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Drewnoski, Mary, and Stephanie L. Hansen. Effect of Delaying the Feeding of High Sulfur until After Adaptation to a Finishing Diet. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-899.

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Chelette, Tamara. The Effect of Menstrual Phase and Oral Contraceptives on Female Adaptation and Performance at High G. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada337400.

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Wang, Rui, Liang LI, and Yuanming Ba. Clinical effect of rhubarb on the treatment of chronic renal failure: a Meta- analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0052.

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Martz, H. F. The effect of uncertainties in nuclear reactor plant-specific failure data on core damage frequency. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/93658.

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Kim, Jae Hyun, Steven P. Mates, N. Alan Heckert, Jeremiah W. Woodcock, and Gale A. Holmes. Effect of strain rate on glass fiber failure process in a glass fiberepoxy model composite. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.2057.

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Duclos, Ronald, and Ned Shepherd. Structured LSA Task 301. Functional Requirements Icentification. Subtask 301.2.4.1. Failure Mode, Effect & Criticality Analysis (FMECA). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada257781.

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