Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Faibles angles de diffusion'
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Wellers, François. "Étude de la diffusion élastique neutron-proton à faible transfert entre 400 et 1100 MeV." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112338.
Full textThis thesis presents the first complete results of forward differential cross-section, over the entire range of the intermediate energies, in the neutron-proton system. The neutron beam is produced with the synchrotron Saturne II, using the reaction of deuteron break-up, with gives it a relatively high intensity and small energy dispersion. The experimental apparatus is a drift ionization chamber, IKAR, filled with high pressure gas which plays the double role of target and detector of the recoil proton. The use of a neutral beam requires new procedures in the analysis, more elaborate thani1n the case of charged projectiles, where scattered particles were detected in coincidence in wire chambers. The results are then normalized and discussed, using phenomenological parametrization, and integrated in a continuously energy-dependent phase-shifts analysis. An entirely analytic Glauber calculation allows us to estimate the validity of the normalization method
Dehmoune, Jalal. "Rhéoépaississement de systèmes auto-associatifs de la famille CnTAB." Phd thesis, Université de Metz, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00266086.
Full textLes systèmes retenus appartiennent à la famille de CnTAB (C12-, C14-, C16- et C18TAB). Nous avons effectué une comparaison entre des résultats de rhéométrie, rhéo-optique, vélocimétrie ultrasonore et diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles. L'ensemble de ce travail a abouti à une description des formes et des dimensions des micelles présentent à l'équilibre. Sous écoulement, il a été déduit que les dimensions des micelles sont grandes et facilement orientables même aux faibles cisaillements quand la chaîne aliphatique est longue. Au déclenchement du rhéoépaississement, la structure induite est totalement orientée et se modifie dans le sens de l'écoulement. Aux taux de cisaillement élevés, les systèmes ont un comportement rhéologique identique, de même que la structure demeure orientée. Sur la base de nos résultats et de ceux de travaux antérieurs, nous avons proposé un modèle décrivant les transitions de formes micellaires liées au comportement sous écoulement des solutions micellaires.
Van, der Grinten Maurits. "Diffusion des neutrons aux petits angles. Variation de contraste par polarisation dynamique." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112213.
Full textGummel, Jérémie. "Structures et mécanismes de formation de complexes polyélectrolyte-protéine." Paris 11, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00120315.
Full textThe mechanisms driving the formation of complexes made of charged polymeric chains (polyelectrolytes) and proteins, found in domains such as food engineering, pharmacology, or biology, lead to structures still poorly known. We studied them by Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) and used deuterated polymer and contrast matching in solvents made of heavy water and light water. The protein is the lysozyme (positively charged at pH<11) and the polyelectrolyte is polystyrene sulfonate (PSS, always negatively charged). The ratio of charges brought ([-]/[+]) is an essential parameter. When it is close to 1, two structures can be obtained. One is a gel of PSS crosslinked by the proteins, that locally shrink the PSS chains but keep them in an entangled regime (semi-diluted). The other is made of dense globules (radius ~10 nm) with a fractal organisation at higher scale where the chains are too short and are in a disentangled regime (diluted) after being shrunk. This structure is very well defined and allows a deeper study: we have shown that the core of the globules has a null charge, that the species in excess in an electrostatic point of view stay in solution, possibly in a shell for the PSS chains, and that their size is fixed by the ionic strength. A specific measurement of the counterions has proved that they are ejected from the core of the complexes during their formation. The conformation of the chains inside the complexes has been measured using an adapted labelling. Finally when [-]/[+]>>1, a fluid and limpid transient network of proteins denatured by the PSS is obtained
Brûlet, Annie. "Etudes structurales et dynamiques par diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles de polymères cristaux liquides." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006457.
Full textMannix, Oonagh. "Etude de complexes de nanoparticules et polysaccharides par diffusion de rayons X aux petits angles." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAV068.
Full textThe macroscopic properties and long-term stability of a colloidal suspension are controlled by its microstructure. Inter-particle interactions determine the microstructure and dynamics of the system. Colloidal systems are often metastable and so the inter-particle correlations can change with time (and so change the microstructure, and macroscopic properties of the system). As smaller colloidal particles can be used to form larger structures with different properties it is necessary to examine a system across various size scales.In this PhD thesis a combination of small and ultra-small angle x-ray scattering (U)SAXS and x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) techniques are used to investigate colloidal complexation across both time and space. Spatial scales from nanometers (si{nanometre}) to microns (si{micrometre}) and time scales from milliseconds (si{millisecond}) to months were examined to elucidate the formation pathway and structural evolution of the complexes. To uncover general mechanisms of broad relevance this work uses technical-grade, non-ideal materials. The study is on the complexation of silica nanoparticles and chitosan, a bio-sourced, cationic polysaccharide.First, a new description for scattering data of polydisperse silica nanoparticles using a fractal model is employed. An investigation into the small-angle scattering of chitosan by neutrons and x-rays, and static light scattering reveals significant differences that are not readily explained. The investigation of nanoparticle and polysaccharide complexes uses kinetic SAXS measurements to study the formation pathways of the complexes, with rapid mixing experiments to access shorter times (stopped-flow apparatus). Combined USAXS and SAXS data are analysed to provide information on the complex structure within a state diagram. Salt was removed from the system using dialysis, and the subsequent behaviour of the system was investigated. It was found that the behaviour of the dialysed system differed to the behaviour of the non-dialysed system over long timescales. In the dialysed system the growth of crystallites of colloidal silica was observed. These results, along with an investigation into the temperature dependency of the system lead to some understanding of the microstructure of this type of colloidal complex
Mendes, Eduardo. "Etude par diffusion des neutrons aux petits angles de la structure de gels de polymere." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR13070.
Full textLoppinet, Benoit. "Etude de la structure de solutions d'ionomères en solvants polaires par diffusion aux petits angles." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10208.
Full textDe, Iuliis Silvana. "Etude de la vitesse de formation des suies à partir de l'éthylène en présence d'hydrogène par les méthodes du tube à choc et du brûleur au moyen de différentes techniques optiques." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00623053.
Full textCardoso, de Lima Joao. "Étude des alliages amorphes métalliques Ni-Zr par diffusion anomale des rayons X aux grands angles." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112360.
Full textZuniga, Humberto. "Study of Discharge Coefficient and Trends in Film Cooling Effectiveness of Conical Holes with Increasing Diffusion Angles." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3578.
Full textM.S.M.E.
Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering;
Engineering and Computer Science
Mechanical Engineering
Oberdisse, Julian. "STRUCTURES DANS LES COLLOÏDES ET NANOCOMPOSITES DESTINES AU RENFORCEMENT : ETUDE PAR DIFFUSION DE NEUTRONS AUX PETITS ANGLES." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010688.
Full textSPITERI, MARIE NOELLE. "Conformation et arrangement des polyelectrolytes en solution semi-diluee. Etude par diffusion des neutrons aux petits angles." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112052.
Full textDucouret, Guylaine. "Fractionnement des asphaltènes par chromatographie d'exclusion stérique : caractérisation des fractions par diffusion des neutrons aux petits angles." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066348.
Full textDucouret, Guylaine. "Fractionnement des asphaltènes par chromatographie d'exclusion stérique caractérisation des fractions par diffusion des neutrons aux petits angles /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376046736.
Full textHun, Nicolas. "Mécanismes et cinétiques d'oxydation du SiC à hautes températures et faibles pressions d'oxygène : application au gainage des réacteurs rapides à gaz." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14453/document.
Full textGas Fast Reactor (GFR) is one of the different Generation IV concepts under investigation for energy production. SiC/SiC composites are candidates of primary interest for a GFR fuel cladding use, thanks to good corrosion resistance among other properties. The mechanisms and kinetics of SiC oxidation under operating conditions have to be identified and quantified as the corrosion can decrease the mechanical properties of the composite. An experimental device has been developed to study the oxidation of silicon carbide under high temperature and low oxygen partial pressure. The results pointed out that not only parabolic oxidation, but also interfacial reactions and volatilization occur under such conditions. After determining the kinetics of each mechanism, as functions of oxygen partial pressure and temperature, the data are used for the modeling of the composites oxidation. The model will be used to predict the lifetime of the composite in operating conditions
Glade, Nicolas. "Effet des champs externes faibles sur l'auto-organisation des microtubules : comparaisons entre expériences et simulations numériques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE19021.
Full textThis work is concerned with the physical chemical processes underlying biological self-organisation by which an initially homogenous solution of reacting chemicals spontaneously self-organises so as to give rise to a preparation of macroscopic order and form. Theoreticians have predicted that self-organisation can arise from a coupling of reactive processes with molecular diffusion. In addition, the presence or absence of an external field, such as gravity, at a critical moment early in the self-organising process may determine the morphology that subsequently develops. The formation in-vitro of microtubules, a major element of the cellular skeleton, shows this type of behaviour. The microtubule preparations spontaneously self-organise by way of reaction and diffusion and the morphology of the state that forms depends upon the presence of gravity at a critical moment early in the process. In our experiments, I have shown that an associated phenomenon in living cells, the transport and organisation of subcellular particles, arises when microtubules self-organise in vitro. The principal objective of the experiments presented is the effect of weak external fields on microtubule self-organisation. I have shown that it is possible to reproduce the results of experiment carried in space using ground-based apparatus. Under these conditions there is no self-organisation. Self-organisation can be restablished with other external fields and factors. In addition, we have developed a numerical reaction-diffusion scheme, based on the chemical dynamics of a population of microtubules, that simulates the experimental self-organisation. In this work we outline the main features of these simulations and discuss the manner by which a permanent dialogue with experiment has helped develop a microscopic understanding of the collective behaviour. The numerical simulations predict the major features of the experimental observations
Leymarie, Edouard. "Méthodes de variation de contraste par polarisation nucléaire en diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles : Observation de domaines de polarisation nucléaire par diffusion de neutrons." Phd thesis, Paris 11, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002103v2.
Full textIn this thesis we study the theoretical and experimental aspects of Contrast Variation by Nuclear Polarization (CVNP) applied to small-angle neutron scattering. The basics of neutron scattering theory is developed by highlighting the origin of the CVNP method : the strong spin dependence of thermal neutron scattering, especially on protons. We also present the principles of NMR with a special attention on the method of dynamic nuclear polarization by the solid effect which makes it possible to control the proton polarization and therefore the contrast for neutron scattering. We present a theoretical study of the CVNP method called static which supposes that the nuclear polarization is homogeneous in the sample and constant during the experiment. We show that it allows one to obtain partial structure functions of systems with multiple components, by carrying out several acquisitions with different polarizations on a single sample. For this purpose, we tested a simple device to stabilize the nuclear polarization. We describe finally a new application of the CVNP method called dynamic. In a solution of deuterated glycerol-water containing a small concentration of paramagnetic centres, we showed the existence of domains of polarized protons at the onset of dynamic polarization. This reinforces considerably the coherent scattering of paramagnetic centres. We describe the theoretical reasons explaining the appearance of these domains of polarization, as well as the various techniques used to observe them by neutron scattering
Mahieu, Emilie. "Étude du mécanisme d’action du protéasome PAN-20S par diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles résolue en temps." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAY073.
Full textProteasomes are large ubiquitous macromolecular assemblies composed of a 20S catalytic complex and a regulatory particle containing an AAA-ATPase module. This cellular machine is responsible for selectively degradation of intracellular proteins in order to allow proteome renewal, elimination of defective proteins and control of many biological functions. The objective of this thesis was to reveal the mechanisms by which the AAA-ATPase complexes selectively unfold substrate proteins and translocate them into the 20S particle, where they are destroyed. To this end, an innovative approach was used by combining time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering (TR-SANS) combined with fluorescence spectroscopy to monitor biochemical activity. The proteasome of the hyperthermophilic archaea Methanocaldococcus jannaschii was used as a model system. It is composed of the 20S protease of the regulatory particle AAA-ATPase PAN. A variant of the fluorescent protein GFP was used as a substrate protein.The data obtained show that PAN unfolding activity generates denatured species of GFP forming aggregates. The association with the 20S particle prevents the formation of these species and indicates that once the unfolding of a substrate by PAN is engaged, translocation into the 20S complex and degradation processes are closely coupled. Analysis of the neutron scattering spectra of the GFP substrate reveal that the native GFP population is rapidly disappearing in favor of peptides generated by the 20S protease, as confirmed by mass spectrometric analysis. This demonstrates the highly processive nature of the proteasome. Finally, two modes of action of PAN have been identified depending on the amount of proteins to be degraded compared to the PAN-20S proteasome. This work allows to experimentally validate one of the proteasome function models previously proposed and emphases the importance of controlling the association of proteasomes in vivo. This study also highlights the interest of TR-SANS technique to study the functional dynamics of large cellular machines
Perreur, Christelle. "Rhéologie et diffusion des neutrons aux petits angles de solutions aqueuses de copolymères en étoile de type POE-POP." Pau, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PAUU3016.
Full textSbai, Ali. "Analyse et simulations par ordinateur de la microstructure des craquelures et de leur diffusion des rayons X aux petits angles /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1990. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=840.
Full textSaurel, Damien. "Etude de la séparation de phase magnétique dans les manganites à effet CMR par diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00086550.
Full textCes systèmes montrent une séparation de phase à grande échelle entre une phase ferromagnétique isolante (FI) et une phase antiferromagnétique isolante (AFI) correspondant à deux phases cristallines distinctes. Ils se transforment en une troisième phase cristalline, ferromagnétique métallique (FM), sous l?effet du champ magnétique. Nous avons tenté de comprendre par quel mécanisme.
Nous avons mis en évidence l?existence d?inhomogénéités magnétiques nanométriques dans chacune des phases FI et AFI. Notre étude sous champ révèle l?apparition d?un fort signal de diffusion dû à une nucléation de clusters de phase FM mésoscopiques (quelques centaines de nanomètres) lors de la transition I-M induite par le champ, faisant ainsi disparaître la diffusion par les objets nanométriques. L?effet CMR n?est donc pas dû à une nucléation à l?échelle nanométrique mais mésoscopique.
Spyckerelle, Olivier. "Etude par diffusion des neutrons aux petits angles de l'influence de la bimodalité sur l'auto-renforcement de réseaux élastomères modèles." Mulhouse, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MULH0742.
Full textSeveral hydroxytelechelic poly(dimethylsiloxane) chains were crosslinked through a condensation reaction to obtain mono- and bimodal model networks. Mechanical tests highlighted a clear improvement of the ultimate mechanical properties for bimodal networks containing 20 to 30% by weight of short chains and when the size ratio of the chains is high. Analysis of the swollen networks by small angle neutron scattering evidenced the occurrence of a structure (scale 10Å) similar to the thermal fluctuations observed in semi-diluted solutions. Bimodal networks exhibit a second structure (scale 100Å) corresponding to the existence of concentration fluctuations. When the short chain content increases, the size of this structure only slightly changes while scattering intensity goes through a maximum. The origin of this structure and its effects on self-reinforcement are discussed and lead to the proposition of a model
Jalal, Noureddine. "Etude des agregats formes par neutralisation des chaines monocarboxylees par : diffusion aux petits angles des neutrons et des rayons x." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13137.
Full textEGEA, PASCAL. "Etudes structurales des recepteurs nucleaires des retinoides : rxr et rar par diffusion aux petits angles et cristallographie des rayons x." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR13131.
Full textJalal, Noureddine. "Etude des agrégats formés par neutralisation des chaînes monocarboxylées, par diffusion aux petits angles des neutrons et des rayons X." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614476w.
Full textRekik, Hazar. "Caractérisation structurale et suivi du vieillissement par diffusion X aux petits angles d'un polymère époxyde : Contribution à l'étude des propriétés électriques." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00705904.
Full textRekik, Medhioub Hazar. "Caractérisation structurale et suivi du vieillissement par diffusion X aux petits angles d’un polymère époxyde : Contribution à l'étude des propriétés électriques." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CNAM0793/document.
Full textThis work constitutes an innovative approach in epoxy based polymer characterization, where complementary physico-chemical, electric and structural techniques are used. The main objective of these studies is to understand both dielectric phenomena and properties associated to the space charges, as well as to follow-up their evolution in time or after the application of external constraints.Impedance spectroscopy and thermo-stimulated depolarization current (TSDC), measurements have highlighted dipolar and interfacial relaxations processes. Origin of these phenomena has been explained from physico-chemical and structural analyses. First, X-ray fluorescence measurements revealed the presence of two types of impurities, which are able to create deep energetic levels in the forbidden energy band. Then, X ray reflectometry measurements highlighted several periodic structures within an amorphous matrix. This structural heterogeneity explains the mechanisms of trapping and accumulation of space charges at the interfaces and gives a first reply as for the relatively high value of the polymer electric conductivity, calculated from current-voltage measurements.Accelerated ageing studies have been also carried out. They have shown that annealing creates charges which are trapped in increasingly deep energetic levels. Consequently, both the quantity of released charges and annealed samples conductivities have decreased.These electric properties changes have been correlated with the structural changes occurring within the polymer, and whose principal manifestation is the progressive disappearance of the ordered structures. This disappearance of the local periodicity has also been observed in the absence of thermal constraints (natural ageing), where it was shown that samples surface’s behavior is different from the bulk
Lours, Thierry. "Etude structurale de la transformation sol-gel : caractérisation des aérogels et étude de leur densification par diffusion des rayons X aux petits angles." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20012.
Full textQuienne, Pascale. "Mécanisme de coagulation-floculation de la silice colloi͏̈dale par les hydroxydes de fer : étude par diffusion aux petits angles des rayons X." Orléans, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ORLE2024.
Full textBrûlet, Annie. "Deformation plastique d'un polymere semi-cristallin (le polypropylene isotactique) : etude par diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles de la conformation des chaines." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13168.
Full textBrûlet, Annie. "Déformation plastique d'un polymère semi-cristallin, le polypropylène isotactique étude par diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles de la conformation des chaînes." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375964625.
Full textLemoine, Asseline. "Organisation et ségrégation lors de la formation de nanoalliages d'AgCo étudiés par diffusion aux petits et aux grands angles et effet anomal." Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE2067/document.
Full textThe aim of this work is to study the role of size, composition and growth kinetic conditions on the morphology, the structure and the chemical configuration of AgCo bimetallic supported nanoparticles. Thus, in-situ and in real-time anomalous grazing incidence small and wide angle X-ray scattering measurements were performed during AgCo nanoparticles growth. Two types of growth conditions were studied : simultaneous or successive deposition of the two metals. Samples were also annealed to study the stability of the structures observed at room temperature, and to investigate if structural transitions occur due to thermal activation. For all kind of deposition modes, the nanoparticles (in a size range between 2 and 7 nm) exhibit a segregated chemical configuration. For the deposition of Co followed by Ag deposition, the nanoparticles are constituted of one (or several) Ag domain(s) juxtaposed with a Co domain, whereas for Ag deposition followed by Co deposition, the nanoparticles present a (Co-Ag) core-shell configuration. For simultaneous depositions and Ag poor compositions (< or =20%), the core-shell configuration is obtained. For richer compositions, the multidomain configuration is observed. Whatever the initial configuration, annealing leads to a phase separation of the two metals towards Janus particles and some structural reorganizations occur
Dufour, Catherine. "Etude des propriétés structurales et magnétiques de multicouches Fe/Si par spectroscopie Mössbauer et diffusion aux petits angles de R. X. Et de neutrons polarisés." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPL005N.
Full textDufaye, Maxime. "Synthèses, caractérisations et cristallochimie de polyoxométallates incorporant des actinides et des lanthanides comme simulants d’actinides." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R036/document.
Full textThe research of molecules for the extraction and stabilization of actinides is a key topic in the field of chemistry related to the reprocessing of spent fuels in the nuclear industry. Among the chemical species, vacant polyoxometalates, owing to their modular structural properties and high nucleophilia, are good candidates for the complexation of metal cations. In this context, the association of trivacant polyoxotungstates with tetravalent and hexavalent actinides (thorium(IV), uranium(IV and VI)) and lanthanides considered as minor actinide simulants was investigated. The studies concerned the reactivity of trivacant precursors {SiW9O34}, {AsIIIW9O33}, {AsVW9O34} and {PW9O34} with 4f elements (Ce(IV)) and 5f (Th(IV), (U(VI)), which resulted in the complexation of hexanuclear clusters {Ce6O8} or polyanionic systems incorporating up to 12 actinides Th(IV) or U(VI) centers. Cryptand species {As4W40O140} and {P8W48O184} have encapsulated up to 4 uranium(IV) cations or 7.2 uranyl cations per molecule respectively. The third cryptant tested {Na2Sb8W36O132(H2O)4} did not allow actinide complexation. It nevertheless reorganizes, forming a polyanionic entity containing the species {SbW10O37} and {SbW8O31} during the reaction with trivalent lanthanides (Gd --> Lu). A total of 23 crystallized compounds were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The various molecular assemblies have been subjected to physico-chemical characterizations (IR, TGA). Their stability, particularly in aqueous solution, has been demonstrated by X-ray scattering (SAXS)
BEN, AZOUZ ISSAM. "Etude par diffusion de rayonx x aux petits angles de la structure et de la reactivite d'une microemulsion utilisee en extraction liquide-liquide." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066026.
Full textDesvergne, Sandra. "Polymacromonomères : Synthèse - Diffusion de Neutrons aux Petits Angles - RhéologieDe l'architecture ramifiée à la conformation : étoiles et cylindres chevelus au repos et sous écoulement." Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR12998.
Full textCalzavara, Yoann. "Liens entre évolution structurale et propriétés physiques de fluides autour de leur point critique par absorption X et diffusion X aux petits angles." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10086.
Full textMaurer, Thomas. "Magnétisme de nano-objets anisotropes: Etudes magnétiques et par diffusion de neutrons de nanofils de Co(1-x)Ni(x)." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00471180.
Full textVacheret, Antonin. "Mesures précises de violation de parité en diffusion d'électrons : Expériences HAPPEX et E-158." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00390940.
Full textTatou, Mouna. "Nanocomposites modèles silice-latex : Etude des propriétés rhéologiques et de la structure des charges et des chaînes par Diffusion de Neutrons aux Petits Angles." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00570362.
Full textDesvergne, Sandra. "Polymacromonomères. Synthèse-Diffusion de Neutrons aux Petits Angles- Rhéologie. De l'architecture ramifiée à la conformation: étoiles et cylindres chevelus au repos et sous écoulement." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00086252.
Full textDestremaut, Fanny. "Microfluidique et diffusion de rayonnements : des outils pour l'étude cinétique de la polycondensation du silicate." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13776/document.
Full textAbstract
Belhoucine, Mohammed. "Etude de la morphologie de blocks copolymères Polyamide polyéthers, par diffusion de rayons X, aux petits et grands angles et par microscopie électronique à transmission." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA07F128.
Full textFINET, STEPHANIE. "Interactions entre proteines en solution : etude par diffusion des rayons x aux petits angles du lysozyme et des proteines du cristallin ; application a la cristallisation." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066190.
Full textBen, Cheikh Larbi Fadhel. "Etude par émission de fluorescence et par diffusion des rayons X aux petits angles de la séparation de phases dans les mélanges polystyrène-poly (vinylméthyléther)." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602826r.
Full textFouilloux, Sarah. "Nanoparticules et microfluidique pour un système modèle d'émulsions de Pickering. Etude des mécanismes de stabilisation et déstabilisation." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00628612.
Full textMareuil, Fabien. "DaDiModO un algorithme génétique pour l'étude de protéines à domaines à l'aide de données de RMN et de SAXS : application à la protéine ribosomale S1 d'Escherichia Coli." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077191.
Full textTo increase our Knowledge about the biological properties of macromolecules, especially proteins, it is necessary to know their three-dimensional structures. About one thousand of different domains are sufficient to build most proteins and it is estimated that half of these domain structures is determined (Koonin et al. 2002). Eventually, it will be possible to obtain close models of protein domain structures. However the information concerning the relative position of the domains will always be missing. Hence, having a tool that finds the relative position of domains by using experimental data easy to obtain is a major issue. For that purpose, we have developed an algorithm that uses NMR and SAXS data to position the domains of a multi-domain protein. The main advantage of this tool is to leave the user free to choose the deformability of the domains. We validated our method on two test cases and thus showed that when the definition of domains is accurate enough and the experimental data are of fairly good quality, our program could approach the structural solution with an error of less than 1 A. We have then applied our method to the structural study of two fragments of the ribosomal protein S1 which is composed of six repetitions of the S1 domain. This study focused on the fragment; made of domains 3-4 and 4-5. The structure of the domain 4 was determined by NMR. The domain: 3 and 5 were obtained by homology modelling. Our study allowed us to validate a biologically relevant model of the fragment 3-5
ZIELINSKI, FRANCOISE. "Effet des conditions de synthese sur la structure d'un reseau de polymeres et sa reponse a la deformation. Observation par diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066662.
Full textIvanov, Ivan Yavorov. "Etude biophysique et structurale du complexe de réplication des virus à ARN négatif." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENV083/document.
Full textRhabdoviruses, including vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and rabies virus (RAV), are enveloped viruses which genome is made of a single molecule of negative-sense RNA and are classified in the order Mononegavirales (MNV). The transcription/replication machinery of these viruses consists of the genomic RNA and of three proteins, which are common to all other viruses of the order MNV, a nucleoprotein (N) that encapsidates the viral genome, a large subunit of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L) and a phosphoprotein (P) that acts as a non-catalytic cofactor of L and a chaperone of N. The first goal of my research project was to determine the crystallographic structure of the dimerization domain of the rabies virus phosphoprotein. The P protein of the rhabdoviruses is a modular protein, which contains two intrinsically disordered regions, a central dimerization domain and a C-terminal domain involved in binding to the N-RNA template. The atomic model obtained at a resolution of 1.5 A showed that the structure is different from that of the corresponding domain of VSV. The second goal was the structural characterization of the large subunit L of VSV polymerase. The enzyme of 2109 aa has six conserved regions. Conserved region III includes the residues involved in the RNA synthesis activity, whereas domains V and VI are involved in mRNA capping formation. Three strategies were successively developed: (1) On the basis of secondary structure and disorder predictions, we tried to express different fragments in bacterial expression systems. These constructions appeared to be insoluble and some of them bound GroEL suggesting a folding problem; (2) We tried to express L alone or co-express it with P in eukaryotic expression system. The purification appeared to be impossible, the L protein always remaining associated with host-cell proteins in amounts detectable by Coommassie staining; (3) We succeeded in purifying the L protein from the virus. The L samples were homogenous and allowed a characterization by electron microscopy. Image classes allowed the reconstruction of a first low-resolution model. This model revealed the presence of a large ring-like domain and several globular domains. Cryo-electron microscopy and tomography should lead to a more detailed description of this protein