Academic literature on the topic 'Faecol sterols'
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Journal articles on the topic "Faecol sterols"
Nakamura, T., H. Kikuchi, K. Takebe, K. Kudoh, A. Terada, Y. Tan-Doh, and N. Yamada. "Faecal Lipid Excretion Levels in Normal Japanese Females on an Unrestricted Diet and a Fat-Restricted Diet Measured by Simultaneous Analysis of Faecal Lipids." Journal of International Medical Research 20, no. 6 (November 1992): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030006059202000603.
Full textLerch, Marcel, Tobias Bromm, Clemens Geitner, Jean Nicolas Haas, Dieter Schäfer, Bruno Glaser, and Michael Zech. "Human and livestock faecal biomarkers at the prehistorical encampment site of Ullafelsen in the Fotsch Valley, Stubai Alps, Austria – potential and limitations." Biogeosciences 19, no. 4 (February 23, 2022): 1135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1135-2022.
Full textSuprihatin, I., H. Fallowfield, R. Bentham, and N. Cromar. "Determination of faecal pollutants in Torrens and Patawalonga catchment waters in South Australia using faecal sterols." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 7-8 (April 1, 2003): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0700.
Full textReddy, Sheela, T. A. B. Sanders, R. W. Owen, and M. H. Thompson. "Faecal pH, bile acid and sterol concentrations in premenopausal Indian and white vegetarians compared with white omnivores." British Journal of Nutrition 79, no. 6 (June 1998): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19980087.
Full textHuanling, Yu, Li Yong, Wang Junbo, Zheng Liping, and Yan Weixing. "Chinese soft-shelled turtle egg powder lowers serum cholesterol, increases faecal neutral steroids and bile acid excretion, and up-regulates liver cytochrome P450 mRNA level in rats." British Journal of Nutrition 94, no. 3 (September 2005): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20051485.
Full textSullivan, D., P. Brooks, N. Tindale, S. Chapman, and W. Ahmed. "Faecal sterols analysis for the identification of human faecal pollution in a non-sewered catchment." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 5 (March 1, 2010): 1355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.227.
Full textLeeming, R., N. Bate, R. Hewlett, and P. D. Nichols. "Discriminating faecal pollution: a case study of stormwater entering Port Phillip Bay, Australia." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 10 (November 1, 1998): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0369.
Full textGreen, Graham, and Peter D. Nichols. "Hydrocarbons and sterols in marine sediments and soils at Davis Station, Antarctica: a survey for human-derived contaminants." Antarctic Science 7, no. 2 (June 1995): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102095000198.
Full textLeeming, Rhys, Jonathan S. Stark, and James J. Smith. "Novel use of faecal sterols to assess human faecal contamination in Antarctica: a likelihood assessment matrix for environmental monitoring." Antarctic Science 27, no. 1 (June 25, 2014): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102014000273.
Full textVolkman, John K., Teresa O'Leary, Rhys Leeming, Peter D. Nichols, and John K. Volkman. "Assessment of the sources, transport and fate of sewage-derived organic matter in Port Phillip Bay, Australia, using the signature lipid coprostanol." Marine and Freshwater Research 50, no. 6 (1999): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf98051.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Faecol sterols"
Pratt, Catherine, and n/a. "Investigations into Faecal Sterols and E.Coli as Indicators of Sewage and Non-Sewage Inputs into a Subtropical Estuarine Embayment System in South Eastern QLD, Australia." Griffith University. School of Environmental and Applied Science, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070124.111827.
Full textPratt, Catherine. "Investigations into Faecal Sterols and E.Coli as Indicators of Sewage and Non-Sewage Inputs into a Subtropical Estuarine Embayment System in South Eastern QLD, Australia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366621.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environmental and Applied Science
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Leeming, Rhys, and n/a. "Coprostanol and related sterols as tracers for feacal contamination in Australian aquatic environments." University of Canberra. School of Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 1996. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060816.172519.
Full textBull, Ian David. "New molecular methods for tracing natural and anthropogenic inputs to soils and sediments." Thesis, Online version, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.389168.
Full textBishop, C. M. "Monitoring of reproductive condition in birds utilising the noninvasive technique of faecal steroid analysis." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234591.
Full textOgle, Sharron. "Techniques to assist conservation breeding of the babirusa (Babyrousa celebensis)." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4437.
Full textOttosson, Jakob. "Hygiene Aspects of Greywater and Greywater Reuse." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Land and Water Resources Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-1551.
Full textGreywater is domestic household wastewater without inputfrom the toilet, i.e. wastewater from sinks, the shower,washing machine and dishwasher in a home. Source separation ofgreywater can be a strategy to enhance recirculation of plantnutrients and/or improve water use. The risk for transmissionof disease when reusing greywater is largely dependent on thecross-contamination by faeces. High levels of faecalindicators, mainly thermotolerant coliform bacteria, have beenreported in greywater, indicating substantial faecal pollution.However, growth of indicator bacteria within the system leadsto an overestimation of thefaecal input and thus the hygienerisk. The faecal input of the greywater in Vibyåsen,Sollentuna, North of Stockholm, was estimated to be 0.04 ±0.02 g faeces person-1 day-1 from the quantification of thefaecal sterol coprostanol, compared to 65 g, 5.2 g and 0.22 gp-1 d-1 using E. coli, enterococci and cholesterolrespectively.
Prevalence of pathogens in the population and the faecalload based on coprostanol concentrations were used to form thebasis of a screening-level quantitative microbial riskassessment (QMRA) that was undertaken for rotavirus, Salmonellatyphimurium, Campylobacter jejuni, Giardia intestinalis andCryptosporidium parvum, looking at the treatment required to bebelow an acceptable level of risk (10-3) for reuse or dischargeof the greywater. The different exposure scenarios simulatedgroundwater recharge, direct contact, irrigation andrecreational watershowed that a reduction of 0.73.7 log was needed for rotavirus, with the measured level offaecal load in Vibyåsen. The other pathogen of concern wasCampylobacter, where a 2.2 log reduction was needed forgroundwater recharge. The infectious dose of Salmonella is highand the excretion numbers of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidiumoocysts low, resulting in no treatment requirements for theseorganisms under these circumstances. Pathogen input fromcontaminated food via the kitchen sink had a minor effect onthe microbiological quality of the greywater. Studies on virusoccurrence in greywater as well as validation of the faecalload of greywater at another site would give valuable input forfuture QMRAs.
Greywater treatment efficiency studies, especially on virusremoval, are scarce and more investigations are warranted.Active sludge may not be a suitable technique for greywater dueto the low carbon content in this flow. Chemical precipitationhas the advantage of removing phosphorus as well as virusesefficiently and it is suggested as one possible method fortreating greywater. Otherwise the most common practice forgreywater treatment in Sweden is soil infiltration. However, itis suggested that the recommendations for wastewaterinfiltration also be observed for greywater, despite the lowfaecal load, due to the simulated results on virus reductionneeded.
Key words:greywater, greywater reuse, greywatertreatment, microbial risk assessment, groundwater recharge,irrigation, recreational water, faecal contamination, indicatorbacteria, index organisms, faecal sterols, bacteriophages,enteric pathogens, rotavirus, Salmonella, Campylobacter,Giardia, Cryptosporidium, Legionella
Oliveira, Luis Fabiano Joaquim de. "Estudo da qualidade do sedimento através de teste de toxicidade e marcadores de esgoto na Enseada de Ubatuba-SP, Brasil. Influência do aumento da população de veraneio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/21/21131/tde-13052010-093024/.
Full textThe goal of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of the sediment in Ubatuba small Bay through toxicity tests using liquid phase and the total sediment before and after the increase of the floating population and the sewage contamination. The liquid phase was evaluated through toxicity test with interstitial water and water/sediment interface, both with embryos of L. variegatus. The tests with total sediment were utilized amphipod T. viscana. The analyses with chemical faecal steroids marks was utilized for the sewage contamination in the sediment. It was realized samples in 17 stations. One station localized in the right corner of Itaguá beach, was the only one that showed toxicity in the three of the tests in the campaign after the increase of the floating population, two tests with de liquid phase in one station, localized near to Pesca Institute, two stations, localized in the Perequê-Açu beach, was toxic in both campaigns. Contamination by urban sewage and toxicity tests of liquid phase was observed in three stations localized in the right corner of Itaguá beach, other near the mouth of the Acaraú river, and another in front of Grande river and as well one station in the Perequê-Açu beach. One station near the mouth of Grande river had showed indication of contamination by urban sewage, but the liquid phase showed no sign of toxicity. The increase of the floating population showed a high toxicity for the test with liquid phase and a decrease in the number of survives in the amphipods tests. The small bay of Ubatuba showed toxicity in the liquid phase tests in almost of all stations after the increase in the floating population, then the region must be monitored with frequency and it is necessary to improve the structure of the sanitation in the area.
Höglund, Caroline. "Evaluation of microbial health risks associated with the reuse of source-separated humna urine." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Biotechnology, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3090.
Full textHuman excreta contain plant nutrients and have the potentialto be used as a fertiliser in agriculture. Urine contributesthe major proportion of the nutrients (N, P and K) in domesticwastewater whereas faeces contribute a smaller amount andinvolves greater health risks if reused due to the possiblepresence of enteric pathogens. Human urine does not generallycontain pathogens that can be transmitted through theenvironment.
Source-separation of urine and faeces is possible by usingurine-separating (or urine-diverting) toilets, available assimple dry toilets or porcelain flush toilets with dividedbowls. The risk for transmission of disease when handling andreusing the urine is largely dependent on thecross-contamination by faeces. In this research, the presenceof human faeces in urine samples was successfully determined byanalysing for faecal sterols. Cross-contamination was evidentin 22% of the samples from urine collection tanks, and in thesequantified to an average (± SD) of 9.1 ± 5.6 mgfaeces per litre urine. Testing for indicator bacteria wasshown to be an unsuitable method for determining faecalcontamination in human urine sinceE. colihad a rapid inactivation in the urine and faecalstreptococci were found to grow within the system.
The fate of any enteric pathogens present in urine iscrucial for the risk for transmission of infectious diseases.Gram-negative bacteria (e.g.SalmonellaandE. coli) were rapidly inactivated (time for 90%reduction, T90<5 days) in source-separated urine at itsnatural pH-value of 9. Gram-positive faecal streptococci weremore persistent with a T90of approximately 30 days. Clostridia sporenumbers were not reduced at all during 80 days. Similarly,rhesusrotavirus andSalmonella typhimuriumphage 28B were not inactivated inurine at low temperature (5°C), whereas at 20°C theirT90-values were 35 and 71 days, respectively.Cryptosporidiumoocysts were less persistent with a T90of 29 days at 4°C. Factors that affect thepersistence of microorganisms in source-separated human urineinclude temperature, pH, dilution and presence of ammonia.
By using Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA), therisks for bacterial and protozoan infections related tohandling and reuse of urine were calculated to be<10-3for all exposure routes independent of the urinestorage time and temperature evaluated. The risk for viralinfection was higher, calculated at 0.56 for accidentalingestion of 1 ml of unstored urine. If the urine was stored at20°C for 6 months the risk for viral infection was reducedto 5.4 × 10-4.
By following recommendations for storage and reuse, whichare dependent on the type of crop to be fertilised, it ispossible to significantly decrease the risk for infections. Sofar, the level of risk that is acceptable is unknown. Theacceptable risk will be one of the main factors determining thefuture utilisation of source-separated human urine inagriculture.
Keywords:urine-separation, urine, wastewater systems,wastewater reuse, recycling, enteric pathogens, faecal sterols,indicator bacteria, hygiene risks, microbial persistence,microbial risk assessment, QMRA, fertiliser, crop.
Swanepoel, Chantel. "Determination of the quality of environmental water using GC-MS based faecal sterol analysis / Chantel Swanepoel." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15592.
Full textMSc (Environmental Sciences), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
Books on the topic "Faecol sterols"
Soluble fibre-induced changes in faecal sterol output: A hypocholesterolemic mechanism. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Faecol sterols"
Knott, Cheryl D., Amy M. Scott, Caitlin A. O’Connell, Tri Wahyu Susanto, and Erin E. Kane. "Field and laboratory analysis for non-invasive wildlife and habitat health assessment and conservation." In Conservation Technology, 129–56. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850243.003.0007.
Full textJuntunen, Kai. "The meaning of stercus in Roman military papyri - dung or human faeces?" In Latrinae: Roman Toilets in the Northwestern Provinces of the Roman Empire, 143–53. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvndv579.19.
Full textRosmarin, Caryn. "The Host-Parasite (Microbe) Relationship." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0011.
Full textDolphin, Heather, and Fatima Ahmad. "Bacteriology Diagnostic Methods." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0015.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Faecol sterols"
Mahajan, Ramit, Vandana Midha, Varun Mehta, Arshdeep Singh, Husanpreet Khattar, Yogesh Gupta, Vikram Narang, and Ajit Sood. "IDDF2018-ABS-0218 Efficacy of faecal microbiota therapy in patients with steroid dependent active ulcerative colitis." In International Digestive Disease Forum (IDDF) 2018, Hong Kong, 9–10 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2018-iddfabstracts.161.
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