Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Facteurs économiques'
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Benaini, Omar. "Les facteurs étatiques du développement : interrogation critique sur les relations de l'économique au non-économique : le cas du Maroc." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100025.
This study aims at analyzing the relationship between state and economy in the case of morocco, and its repercussion of the concrete problems of development and modernity. We intent to demonstrate that morocco is a particular case through an inclusive study of its economic and political history, which is derived into three main phases: the traditional morocco the protectorate regime the independence era. Morocco neither conforms to the European pattern of a state created in an imbrication with the nation while setting the economy free, nor to the third-world's widely- shared myth of states created by pre-existing nations in the purpose of an insertion in the world economy. Moroccan state , being the heir to secular patrimonial structures and a peculiar colonial past , presents remarkable characteristics only measurable through analysis both historical and multi- disciplinary. The development process in morocco is carried out under the state’s influence within a social and historical imaginary pinked to an authoritarian governmental tradition, conceiving itself as part of the state's space. Development , instead of bringing some autonomy , strengthens the structural and direct presence of state , that shatters the pre- suppositions of the economic field's autarky while preventing it from any possibility of setting up as an imperialist and mono- lithic explanation valid for all times and spaces
Spyrellis, Stavros-Nikiforos. "Division sociale de l'espace métropolitain d'Athènes : facteurs économiques et enjeux scolaires." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070050.
The main objective of this thesis is to analyze and interpret the processes of social division in the Athenian Metropolitan Region (A. M. R. ): which are the factors and conditions for the emergence and development of the processes of social divisions, in the Athenian area? Moreover, how the school System contributes to the reproduction and maintenance of social inequality? First, we focus on the "heirloom" of urban planning, the migration processes and their role in the development of segregating mechanisms. This first part is based on an extensive literature research review and analysis of the A. M. R. Urban dynamics, from 1832 to 2010, both from a social and political point of view. In a second part, this thesis analyzes the mechanism of urban segregation in Athens by observing the socio-economic changes, the residential strategies and the social inequalities. Economic development and contemporary business networks are taken into account and new poles and spatial development patterns are identified. The analysis of social division in the Athenian urban space according to occupational categories and housing strategies, highlights the role of economic sectors, household types and ethnic segregation in the distribution of population within the A. M. R. Finally, this thesis copes with school segregation, leaning on the educational status, the type of education and occupational status of parents, to assess whether the school System helps to reproduce and maintain social inequality. Ultimately, this thesis highpoints the relationship between academic achievement and social context, giving the opportunity to identify and differentiate the Athenian neighborhoods according to their socio-professional, educational and schooling characteristics
Cabrol, Sébastien. "Les crises économiques et financières et les facteurs favorisant leur occurrence." Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090019.
The aim of this thesis is to analyze, from an empirical point of view, both the different varieties of economic and financial crises (typological analysis) and the context’s characteristics, which could be associated with a likely occurrence of such events. Consequently, we analyze both: years seeing a crisis occurring and years preceding such events (leading contexts analysis, forecasting). This study contributes to the empirical literature by focusing exclusively on the crises in advanced economies over the last 30 years, by considering several theoretical types of crises and by taking into account a large number of both economic and financial explanatory variables. As part of this research, we also analyze stylized facts related to the 2007/2008 subprimes turmoil and our ability to foresee crises from an epistemological perspective. Our empirical results are based on the use of binary classification trees through CART (Classification And Regression Trees) methodology. This nonparametric and nonlinear statistical technique allows us to manage large data set and is suitable to identify threshold effects and complex interactions among variables. Furthermore, this methodology leads to characterize crises (or context preceding a crisis) by several distinct sets of independent variables. Thus, we identify as leading indicators of economic and financial crises: variation and volatility of both gold prices and nominal exchange rates, as well as current account balance (as % of GDP) and change in openness ratio. Regarding the typological analysis, we figure out two main different empirical varieties of crises. First, we highlight « global type » crises characterized by a slowdown in US economic activity (stressing the role and influence of the USA in global economic conditions) and low GDP growth in the countries affected by the turmoil. Second, we find that country-specific high level of both inflation and exchange rates volatility could be considered as evidence of « idiosyncratic type » crises
Véganzonès, Marie-Ange. "Du décollage au déclin : les facteurs de la croissance argentine au 20e siècle." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997IEPP0022.
This PhD dissertation analyses the factors of Argentina growth during the XXth century, in line with recent developments of growth theory. This work highlights that the slow-down of Argentina growth from world war ii can be partly attributed to the economic policy choices done during this period. It is shown that excessive import substitution strategy along with financial repression participate in the poor performances of the country. Similarly, the increase in public expenditures as well as of deficit, together with the lowering of public intervention efficiency, have an important part of responsibility in this result. Political and economical instability is furthermore identify as a factor of low growth. Finally, the worsening from the 60th of educational policy participates in the slow down of Argentina growth performances
Kpoviessi, Josias Mahouna. "Facteurs incitant les agents économiques à changer ou lisser leur consommation énergétique." Thesis, Lille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUA002.
Understanding energy behaviour is necessary for the success of the energy transition. This is the object of this thesis.The first chapter describes the characteristics, challenges and the effects and effectiveness of different instruments to manage the demand side.The second chapter focuses on financial incentives to encourage the reduction of energy consumption. Based on a laboratory experiment, our results show that financial incentives (presented as a bonus in this thesis) serve as benchmarks to guide energy consumption. They encourage the least sober individuals to tend towards energy sobriety but, on the contrary, they partially crowd out the intrinsic motivations of the most sober.The final chapter investigates how to communicate. Indeed, attention can be drawn to the negative externalities and also to the positive externalities generated by consumption. We study the effect of this framing with a single shot linear public good experiment with simultaneous decisions, with and without risk. The participants cooperate more in a stochastic environment than in a deterministic one, and even more so when the emphasis is on losses.This can be explained by the fact that uncertainty favourably shifts extreme behaviours. Women in particular are the ones for whom the changes in behaviour are most marked
Abdeljaoued, Imed. "Analyse économique du rôle des facteurs politiques dans la croissance économique." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010063.
In this work we try to discuss an then exceed the traditional theories of growth by establishing the strong interdependence between political and economic factors. This work deals with the role of institutions. Government size, political parties, interest groups and bureaucrats are analysed with simple hypothesis like the maximisation of vote and utility. By using empirical studies, we show in this work the negative effect of this political factors on economic growth
Labonté, Nathalie. "La guerre civile en Côte d'Ivoire : l'influence des facteurs économiques, politiques et identitaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23620/23620.pdf.
Dedinger, Béatrice. "Le commerce extérieur de l'Allemagne, 1871-1939 : l'incidence respective des facteurs politiques et économiques." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992IEPP0024.
He object of this work is to explain, from an historical point of view, the structural development of German foreign trade. The structure, represented by the "revealed comparative advantages" of products, can be explained by : political factors, i. E. Protections, subsidies, etc. Accorded by political power under the pressure of interest groups, and economic factors, as described in the theory of comparative advantage. On the period 1880-1938, it appears that the most protectionist industries - agriculture, textile and iron industries -, the protection of which is relatively high, are precisely those where the revealed comparative disadvantages remain at the highest level or where the revealed comparative advantages tend to reduce. On the contrary, the industries inclined to free trade, the protection of which is relatively low - chemical, electrotechnical, mechanical industries - are those where the revealed comparative advantage get higher and higher. So, the law of comparative advantage cannot be distorted on the long term by the interference of political factors. Relatively to its main partners, Germany has a comparative advantage in products intensive in human capital. Compared with the past tendencies, West Germany (1950-1989) continues to specialize in chemical, mechanical and motor industries, but its position in the new industries is weak
Ouedraogo, Samiratou. "Dépistage du cancer du sein : facteurs socio-économiques influençant la participation et rythme de suivi." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00967942.
Douard, Henri. "La taille des établissements industriels : élucidation de certains facteurs économiques et socio-organisationnels des entreprises." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986IEPP0005.
The size (in staff) of industrial plants is a constant point of reference in analysing the functioning of business firms, because of its supposed links with people's behavior and with management issues. A large size is often seen as having a pernicious bureaucratic influence, while a small size is rather viewed as a factor favoring good adjustment and warmth in relationships. In France, there exist as of one thousand nine hundred eighty for more than one thousand two hundred and forty industrial plants that exceed five hundred persons, affecting a total of one million five hundred thousand wage-earners. Our hypothesis was that size only has a relative influence, albeit an essential one : the firm must find organizational methods in keeping with its size, while poor choices of these methods give a specific and fallacious connotation to the size breakdown of large, medium, and small firms the research was based in the industrial milieu upon interviews with about one hundred people in twelve different plants in the following professional strata : management, executives, union members, clerical employees, and laborers. Additionally there were statistical, economic, and bibliographic explorations. Although the need for formalization of procedures is a constant in large plants, an excess of bureaucracy, technocracy, and authoritarianism exists in small plants as well. It appears that a negotiated compromise on issues of social control (in the anglo-saxon sense) is what lies at the heart of the expectations of the parties. For the management : to be able to control the business : for the executives : order and efficiency; for the union members : to enjoy institutional guarantees ; for the workers : job security and good working conditions. There is no "human scale", but a moderate size, always possible through judicious sub-groupings, facilitates the sociotechnical arbitration of organizational and structural matters. The size chosen for a plant will define the context for the interplay of technico-economic factors (production) and socio-organizational factors (the "government" of the personnel)
Rischmann, Lionel. "Fluctuations et cycles économiques dans les écrits de Keynes : essai sur le rôle des facteurs déterminants de l'investissement." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01015393.
St-Cerny-Gosselin, Julie. "Le poids de l'histoire : rôle des facteurs économiques, politiques et institutionnels dans l'accumulation de dette publique." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9537.
Papoto, Basile. "Economie et facteurs du sous-développement rural dans Haute-Sangha en R. C. A." Bordeaux 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR30010.
Is under-development the inescaple consequence of malediction dictated by nature? why is it growing immoderately contrary to the incessant fights against it? why does the struggle against this age-old drama often fail? such are some the questions to which we have tried to bring some answers through the concrete case of haute-sangha, a western region of central africa. An attractive raw-materiel producing-region (diamond, gold, coffee, cocoa, competitive tropical woods, tabacco, banana, peanut, sugar cane, rice, potato, corn. . . ) which undergoes harshly the 1980's economic slump. The deep causes of the general fear are numerous : vicissitudes of history, inter-tribal wars, slavery, natural calamities, penetration of colonialism and modernism, breaking of traditionalism, perenniality of ancestral beliefs, the danger of some lives. Adding to thatt tribulations of all kind coming from the natural environment very often restricting, but also tribulations from producing systems sadly market by their defaults, and the conjuntion of the incertainties of the economic life shared by our whole today
Cao, Shu. "Shanghai 1292-1992 : processus de formation de la ville dans ses relations aux facteurs économiques et politiques." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010518.
Shanghaï's history began as that of a small district town in the feudal period, a time when new forces of production were emerging. It grew to become a metropolitan city in the period of concessions, when a new economic order was established. After the introduction of communism the city planned its economy largely according to the state urban policy, in an ideological perspective of national development. The study of these urban transformations in shanghai, analyzed period by period, throws light on the different stages in the evolution of the social and spatial order. Attention is drawn to the various forces a play-social, political and economic and how the "strategy" of these forces influences and transforms the physical city. This enables the different phases and levels of transformation to be identified
Pastore-Chaverot, Manuela. "Les stratégies de RSE des grandes entreprises : les facteurs d'influence. Analyse des discours des entreprises du CAC 40." Thesis, Metz, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011METZ002D/document.
This research focuses on the CSR strategies published by big companies. After collecting annual and sustainable development reports of the CAC40 companies during three years, a quantitative content analysis has been made to test the potential influence of several factors on the adoption and diffusion process of the CSR strategies: the belonging to a business sector, the existence of a French conception of CSR, and the corporate executives’ profiles. Underlined with a literature review and several exploratory works, these factors, considering our results, seem to influence the level of responsible involvement and the thematic content in the reports. All things considered, this work brings to light the micro and macroeconomics factors which can influence the responsible implication of the companies. The methodology of quantitative content analysis also offers the opportunity to develop a model which helps reading the information of sustainable reporting, demanded by the article 116 of the NRE law in France, and permitting to highlight the priorities of the contents published, for the companies and their stakeholders
Kehoua, Gilles. "Etude qualitative des facteurs socio-économiques et familiaux du processus de stigmatisation dans la démence en Afrique Centrale." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0100/document.
The aging population is becoming a major political issue. It results in an increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases including dementia. Dementia is a major public health problem worldwide and in sub-Saharan Africa. It is assimilated to a real "Alzheimer tsunami", because of the growing number of people with dementia. In 50% of cases, they are taken care of in residential care facilities for dependent elderly people or by ambulatory professionals in high-income countries. By cons, in low and middle incomes countries, their taken care is informal, provided by informal caregivers who are neither trained nor encouraged, having links of kinship as filiation, alliance and germanic with people with dementia. In sub- Saharan Africa, mental illnesses are rich in pejorative and demeaning sociocultural representations. The main objective was to describe socio-economic and family factors in the process of stigmatization of people with dementia in urban and rural areas in the Republic of Congo. An ethnological study was conducted in three months’ immersion on the ground. Non-directive interviews conducted in the local (Lingala, Kituba, Mbochi, Teke and Lari) and official languages (French) and complemented by participant observation were used to collect all the data. They were literally transcribed before their classification into themes. Informal caregivers were mainly daughters-in-law and granddaughters. The latter were considered as purveyors of informal care to an estimated duration between 10 to 15 hours a day, against daughters-in-law considered abusers and available between 2 to 6 hours per day. The irregular income of informal caregivers associated with the socio-cultural representations of people with dementia first led to their care by the syncretic churches, with strict diets for exorcism sessions. The second resort was traditional healers using medicinal plants, prayers-incantations and scarifications. Some people with dementia were accused of witchcraft and condemned in public in front of a customary jurisdiction. This accusation of witchcraft was the major form of stigmatization. In the Republic of Congo as in sub-Saharan Africa, the disease is constructed from nuclei of symbols from culture
Khneyzer, Chadi. "Les facteurs d'attractivité territoriale au service du développement au Liban : le cas du Akkar." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAE005/document.
Lebanon knows nowadays a phenomenon against original-urban migration, while growing urbanization is rather the great feature of our world today. This has piqued our curiosity led us to investigate the causes of this dynamic in some Lebanese areas while others remain outside and suffer from underdevelopment. Such is the case of the region that is the subject of our research: Akkar, north Lebanon.To boost the region and trigger a process of territorial development, it is clear that agriculture must be aware of the concerns of the center of its predominance in the territory of Akkar and comparative advantages it provides.Several theoretical and empirical work highlights the virtues of the development of agriculture in terms of GDP growth and the fight against poverty and show that agriculture reacts faster than other sectors to new policies and contributes greatly to the GDP. Agricultural growth stimulates the whole economy because it creates markets for non-agricultural goods and services, producing a diversification effect of the economic base of rural areas. Thus the food industry and tourism will develop in line with a new vision for agriculture.Finally, the current weaknesses of Akkar economy can become opportunities if the multifunctional nature of the rural economy is sustainable development from a dynamic encompassing agriculture, agribusiness and tourism. Shares on the conditions of production (improving infrastructure, strengthening education and training, financial support and rational organization of production) involve state support. The actions of revitalization and recovery through a series of local development projects involve for their strong mobilization of local actors and decentralized for greater flexibility, especially in the management of decentralized cooperation projects
Menahem, Benjamin. "Facteurs pronostiques de survie du carcinome hépatocellulaire : approche épidémiologico-chirurgicale." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC427/document.
The objective of this work was to assess in an epidemiological and a surgical ways prognosis factors of HCC after liver transplantation or liver resection. First step was to determine in a methodological review the overall and disease free survival results of these two techniques. Second step was to use the AFP-score, selection tool for patients with HCC who need liver transplantation in France, as selection tool for a group of patients who underwent surgical resection for transplantable HCC. Final step was to study influence of social deprivation on survival of patients who underwent liver transplantation for HCC in a Nation-wide study.The meta-analysis showed that Liver Transplantation, in patients with HCC meeting the Milan criteria had no benefits before 10 years for OS, compared to Liver resection. For DFS, the benefit is obtain after 3 years.AFP-score is a useful tool for the patient’s management who are suffering from solitary HCC developed on CLD. In patients “in AFP-score”, up-front LR is not associated with a loss of chance, when compare to up-front LT, based on theoretical 5-years OS.European Deprivation Index does not impact mortality after LT for HCC. Number of HCC and time on waiting-list are independent prognostic factors of survival after liver transplantation for HCC
Guinhouya, Benjamin. "Surpoids et obésité de l'enfant : des méthodes d'évaluation à l'analyse d'interactions complexes avec les facteurs comportementaux et socio-économiques." Lille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL2S035.
The causes of excess weight gain in children are multifactor. But, the rapid recent increase in the overall prevalence of obesity in children suggests that behavioral and environmental factors are central to the causation. These factors were often studied as unit entities. Thus, the aim of this thesis was to suggest a methodological framework for a global approach of hypothesized determinants of the phenomenon. Three studies help for the clarification of measurements' problems about the definition of excess weight in children as well as those concerning their movement behaviors assessment. The fourth study highlights the interplay between behavioral and environmental factors in determining weight status of children. Thus, familial environments and individual behaviors with respect to physical activity and eating seem to determine different overweight/obesity risk levels among children. On this basis, we have provided examples of school- or family-based preventive and/or corrective actions
Raad, Daoud Youssef. "Analyse évolutive des facteurs agro et socio-économiques du périmètre irrigué de Qasmieh-Ras-el-Ai͏̈n au Liban-Sud." Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30062.
The study of the evolution of the agricultural setting of the oldest irrigation scheme of Qasmieh-Ras-el-Ai͏̈n, located on the southern Lebanese coast revealed to be of major importance, particularly in the global context of water scarcity in the Near East region. The following factors have triggered the development of irrigation scheme: the fertile land of the coastal area of a temperate Mediterranean climate, the availability of water resources from the Litany River (Qasmieh), the will of an emerging state during the Second World War to develop a large irrigation scheme and the export its citrus produce to the growing Arab markets. This study investigated the natural factors, forms of exploitation and their development through time, the infrastructure, the water management of the irrigation scheme and the environment. The analysis and surveys also examined the marketing issues, which have largely affected the transformation of the cropping and socio-economic situation in the area. In conclusion, recommendations for the improvement of the irrigation scheme and the stability of the rural community were presented
Kocoglu, Yusuf. "Accumulation des facteurs et croissance de la productivité en France : la dynamique de long terme et l'apport des technologies de l'information et de la communication." Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX24004.
Adam, Ségolène. "Les freins au processus d'industrialisation en Russie dans la première moitié du XIXème siècle : l'étude des facteurs de croissance." Nancy 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN20009.
The point of view of the western scientists concerning the economic activity of Russia during the first half of the XIXth century was that any movement of industrialization had been happened, while the Soviet historians dated the process in the second third of the century. Today, the debates seem closed; they are of like even though the historians of the economy still wonder about the causes of the backwardness. However, they think that the serfdom inhibits the growth. After having estimated the growth rate of product in a comparative perspective, this study suggests examining brakes in the process of industrialization in Russia in the first half of the XIXth century. So, the constituent factors of the growth will be the object of the analysis, at first those of the supply and in a second time those of the demand. Two important conclusions emerge of this analysis. On one hand, the Russian entrepreneurs who wanted to develop an industrial activity had necessary factors of production. The population growth and the organizational structure of production suitable for the serfdom allowed the working supply to satisfy the demand. In other respects, the mechanization set up in some industrial branches having capital of industrial and commercial origin. On the other hand, the demand, from which the Russian manufactures determined the volume of the production, was restricted. In this period, the demand resulted exclusively from the inside, the international trade being dominated by the countries of Western Europe. However, the level of the demand was limited by a national market which was no very integrated, as a consequence of inadequate means of transport and traditional distribution networks, and by a very slow growth of the purchasing power of the popular mass living exclusively on the subsistence farming. So, the shortage of demand seems to be the cause of slow growth of Russian industrial production
Dupaigne, Martial. "La dynamique de court terme de l'offre : une contribution à l'analyse de l'intensité d'utilisation des facteurs." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010007.
Colin, Rémi. "Facteurs psychosociaux et économiques en milieu professionnel à l'heure de la médecine 4P : évolution longitudinale et prédictive du comportement des travailleurs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UCFA0028.
Health encompasses physical, mental, and social well-being, transcending the absence of disease. This multidimensional vision of health underlines the importance of long-term monitoring of individual health. Social well-being, or more broadly psychosocial well-being, associated with quality of life at work (QWL), is essential to guarantee workers' health. Psychosocial risks (PSR) refer to work-related factors that can influence the health and well-being of individuals. PSR can have serious consequences for workers' health, leading to problems such as depression or burnout, but also for business productivity, resulting in substantial economic losses. Employers can fight against these risks by assessing RPS in the workplace and implementing preventive actions with employee involvement, as recommended by P4 medicine (predictive, preventive, personalized and participative). Wittyfit, the platform dedicated to improving QWL, enables employers and employees to meet these challenges. The emergence of new technologies has revolutionized occupational health, enabling more personalized healthcare through the collection and analysis of real-world data. This data includes a variety of information on individual health that is essential for assessing workers' well-being, identifying the risks to which they are exposed, and tracking changes in their health status. However, the analysis of real-world occupational health data is complex due to its longitudinal nature, the presence of natural clusters of data, and missing data. This thesis focuses on the analysis of occupational health data to improve QWL and worker well-being. The main hypothesis is that the study of these data enables the identification of psychosocial and economic factors in the workplace. The medico-economic issues concern the evaluation of PSR, the identification of risk factors, and the study of their consequences on company performance, with a focus on absenteeism. Statistical issues concern the development and application of complex statistical models to meet the methodological challenges of occupational health data analysis
Mezdour, Amina. "Le rôle des facteurs environnementaux dans la migration internationale : étude de cas des immigrants haïtiens au Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30965.
N'Guema, M'Ba Adrien. "Le courant antifédéral au Gabon : ses facteurs et ses manifestations (1946-1960)." Reims, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985REIM0000.
Roustit, Christelle. "La résilience : d'un concept clinique à son application dans le champ de la santé publique : perspectives pédiatriques." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066510.
Hua, Ping. "L'influence de l'activité économique mondiale et des facteurs monétaires internationaux sur le prix des produits de base." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF10146.
In this dissertation we study the impact of international macro-economic and monetary elements on primary commodity prices of the last two decades. Four principal variables are retained and analyzed: the world’s economic activity, the real exchange rate of the dollar, the real interest rate and the anticipated future profits of stocks. At first, we examine the statistical relationships between these four factors and primary commodity prices. We justify then the theoretical interests we can get from these four variables in the explanation of the strong fluctuation of commodity prices. An intertemporal dynamic model in reduced form is formulated. It reflects two major sets of forces related to the changes of international economic environment and to the strong development of future operations that have impinged upon world commodity markets since the beginning of the seventies. The interest and the applicability of this model are examined in application to commodity prices in groups from 1960 to 1990: the economic activity of seven industrial countries and the variations of the real exchanges rate of the dollar have a good explanation for the fluctuations of commodity prices; the influence of anticipated future gains of stocks, via the behavior patterns of storage are also confirmed by economic results; the effects of interest rate are only significant for the prices of minerals, metals and tropical beverages. This result is not a surprise due to the difficulties to quantify the complex and multiple effects of interest rate on prices. Furthermore, our econometric results suggest that economic growth in seven developed countries must, on average, be over 7 percent a year to contribute positively to commodity prices by offering negative longer-term structural changes
Gentil, Julie. "Influence des facteurs socio-économiques et géographiques sur l'incidence, l'accès aux soins et la survie des femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00959607.
Cusin, François. "Les comportements monétaires et financiers : évolution et facteurs de différenciation : contribution à une sociologie de l'argent, des pratiques et des représentations économiques." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040251.
Fontana, Yann. "La Chine et l’Inde dans les négociations internationales sur le climat : une analyse comparée à partir de facteurs environnementaux, énergétiques et économiques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAE006.
China and India are two developing countries with the capacity to significantly affect international processes. This includes the process that manages the collective action problem posed by climate change. Given this capacity, this thesis studies the formation of Indian and Chinese positions in international climate negotiations. Three types of national factors (environmental, energy and economic) are considered, in order to determine which ones play the most decisive role in the evolution of these negotiating position, from the creation of UNFCCC in 1992 to the adoption of the Paris Agreement in 2015. This study is done using a comparative approach, within a broad International Political Economy analytical framework. It shows that both countries held defensive positions until 2009, after which a divergence can be observed, with China attempting to adopt a form of directional leadership. Using an incompatibility triangle of economic sectors between low carbon intensity, high social productivity gains and massive job creation, the thesis shows that the evolution of positions is coherent with a domination of economic factors, particularly the absorption of surplus labor, in the formation of negotiating positions. These economic factors determine how much environmental and energy factors can affect position formation
Brevet, Gentil Julie. "Influence des facteurs socio-économiques et géographiques sur l'incidence, l'accès aux soins et la survie des femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOMU04/document.
In developed countries, breast cancer is currently the leading cancer in women in terms of incidence and mortality (standardized rate of 101.5 and 17.7 per 100,000 person-years in 2005, respectively). Many risk factors and prognostic factors have been studied and are well known. Research is under way with regard to every step in the development of breast cancer, but the impact of socio-economic and geographic factors, at the individual and environmental level with regard to the disease have never been studied in France.The general aim of this work was to explore the impact of these factors in different ways to build on our knowledge and to develop practical applications in the primary, secondary or tertiary prevention of breast cancer.In our first study, we showed that women with a low socio-educational level were less likely to have benefited from at least one mammography within the 6 years or at least one gynaecological consultation within the 3 years before the diagnosis of breast cancer. These women also had a more advanced tumour at diagnosis than did women with a higher socio-educational level. These variables also came to light as predictors of a poor prognosis in terms of survival. In our second study, we showed that access to a surgeon specialised in breast cancer surgery, which is associated with better survival, was influenced by the socio-economic level of the patient’s place of residence, as well as the distance between the patient’s home and reference centres for cancer treatment, where the specialised surgeons work. In our third study, we showed that in contrast to many cancers, the incidence of breast cancer was highest in the most socio-economically privileged areas, and this whatever the age of the patient. We have no explanation for this phenomenon, particularly with regard to the youngest age group of women. Finally, the aim of our fourth study, which is currently on-going, is to study at the individual level, using the new European deprivation index adapted to France, to what extent economic wealth and social standing, as well as the proximity of medical services for patients with breast cancer have an impact on tumour stage, access to treatment, treatment techniques and survival
Huang, Wei Ye. "Fluctuation du taux de la croissance d'investissement en Chine : 1953-1989 : étude sur les facteurs explicatifs et les comportements des agents économiques." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0085.
After studing the theories about the cyclical fluctuation of the investment in the centrally planned economies (cpes), we try to apply them in the chinese practice. Through the observation and analysis of the statistical data as well as the studies about the behaviors of economic agents in the country, we can reach a conclusion, that is, the cyclical characteristics concerning the investment evolution did exist during the period of 1953-1989. The non-budgetary investments engaged particularly by the regions and the enterprises play an important role in a relatively stable way in the cyclical fluctuation notably in the 1980's. The cyclical fluctuation of the growth rate of investment shows itself in a context changedby the economical reforms and the open to the world since 1978 in china
Ould, Mohamed Lemine Sidi. "L'analyse du développement de l'agriculture en Mauritanie." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00661010.
Bagavos, Christos. "La participation des femmes à l'activité professionnelle : facteurs économiques, rôle des modes de garde des enfants et impact sur le marché du travail." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0012.
Women's participation in the labour force doesn't depend only on economic variables such as women' wage and family incom e. In fact we always have to take into account the impact of child care modes on this participation. For this reason, the presence of relatives in the household, who constitute a potential source for child care, has also an affect on woman's decision to participate in the labour force. Considering the impact of female participation on the labour market , we find that the increase in the number of women in the labour force has a negative effect on the wage level of younger workers
Jebli, Sinda. "Une analyse de l'importance des facteurs financiers dans le mécanisme de transmission de la politique monétaire en économie ouverte." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1G009.
The return of financial problems for several years has led to a consideration of financial frictions in the New Keynesian models. This thesis attempts to analyze the mechanisms of transmission of financial shocks on the real economy, in the context of a small open economy. The first theoretical approach of this thesis shows that the central bank can be misled by relying on a standard model without the banking sector. It also shows that the implications of financial constraints are relatively more important for the transmission of financial shocks to the main aggregates of a small open economy. The second theoretical approach, which seeks to study the interaction between capital regulation and monetary policy, shows that the introduction of the debt ratio in the Taylor rule does not improve performance compared to a standard interest rate rule. This thesis also proposes an empirical approach to test firstly, the presence of a financial accelerator in the Czech Republic ad secondly, to show that sensitivity to financial constraints is different depending on the size of firms. The results show that micro-firms, more dependent on bank credit, show a strong sensitivity of their investment behavior to the costs of access to external financing
Savard, Julie-Rachel. "Les facteurs de maintien de l'industrie du cuir dans les petites localités du Québec : étude du secteur de Loretteville de 1904 à nos jours." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28605.
Tricot-Guerin, Marie. "Le rôle des facteurs affectifs dans le processus de détérioration du lien relationnel en situation de crise : application à la consommation alimentaire." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2010_out_guerin_m.pdf.
The crisis situation, regarding food, leads to numerous changes in buying and consuming behaviour. In this respect, the various works that have been carried out so far give a central position to the concept of perceived risk in the explanation of such phenomena. The growing importance lent to emotional states in the explanation of some of the consumer’s attitudes underlines today the necessity to widen this approach. This research thus offers to understand the different changes in the buying/consuming behaviour as the outcome of a deterioration process of the link initially established between the protagonists of the sector and the consumer. This process originates from the appearance of an event (in case of a product recall, or an accident, a food poisoning, or malpractice) that is unusual and worrying enough to craw the attention of some individuals who, therefore, develop various emotional and cognitive reactions. These reactions simultaneously lead to question the confidence initially put in the protagonists of the food sector. Withdrawing from the relationship eventually leads individuals to stop buying/consuming temporarily or permanently, to look for detailed information, or to change products or supplying sources, and also to spread negative rumours or taken boycott actions. The purpose of this research work consists in showing that taking into account the emotional reactions resulting from the crisis situation leads to a better understanding of the deterioration process in the relation between the consumers and protagonists of the food sector. This demonstration required the implementation of a new concept, “the crisis affect”, defined as “a subjective and relative concept aiming at synthesizing all the emotional reactions which are the most commonly and collectively felt by the consumers who are confronted with a crisis situation, and of its scale. The results that are obtained clearly underline the improvement that results from taking into account this concept in the explanation of the loss of confidence and of the changes in buying/consuming behaviour
Ouedraogo, Fatimata Mireille Audrey. "Vers une meilleure compréhension des facteurs d'attractivité et des impacts des IDE (investissements directs étrangers) en Afrique : proposition d'un modèle d'évaluation bidimensionnelle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28088.
Africa is a continent with many opportunities and a future continent. Formerly abandoned, Africa is today at the heart of development. Thus, with globalization, foreign direct investment has continued to grow, enabling the continent to be one of the main beneficiaries of these foreign direct investments. With the growing magnitude of foreign direct investment (FDI), several authors have examined the attractive factors and the effects of these FDI on host countries. Despite the multitude of studies on the subject, very few refer to Africa. The objective of this research was to analyze the attractiveness factors and the impacts of FDI in Africa through a multidimensional analysis (economic and environmental dimension), an econometric analysis based on simultaneous equations was carried out. This analysis revealed correlations between foreign direct investment, economic growth, human capital, openness to foreign trade, and technology transfer. There was also a correlation between foreign direct investment flows and CO2 emissions. Key words: Foreign direct investment, attractiveness, OLI, impacts, Africa, economic growth, environment, CO2, pollution, simultaneous equations.
Flageollet, Alexis. "Prévision de l'inflation et analyse des cycles économiques dans un environnement riche en données : une application des modèles à facteurs dynamiques à la zone euro." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100044.
We have implemented several modeling strategies which are consistent with specific issues of the euro area, i. E. : the increasing amount of information available for euro area as well as the main concerns of the European Central Bank. In this thesis, we have investigated whether it is worth exploiting a large and heterogeneous set of data in order to forecast inflation and extract the common economic fluctuations in the euro area. The recent developments in statistics have allowed us to apply factor models to a large number of non-stationary data. We have been mainly focusing on providing a methodological approach in order to distinguish common effects from specific country effects on the one hand and short run dynamics from long run dynamics on the other hand. Finally, we have compared the forecasting performances of factor models to several indicator models and to a smaller-dimension model based on economic theory
El, Moutaoukil Abdelkader. "L'intégration économique, par le commerce des biens et par l'investissement direct étranger, des pays Sud et Est de la méditéranée dans le système mondial des échanges : la place des facteurs institutionnels." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0153.
This work is the result of four years of research on the South and East countries of Mediterranean. The author considers that the output of the deadlock is not to seek in blind globalization but rather in the structures of the economies in question. In the other words, it is to concentrate on a numbers of characteristics-territory that act directly or indirectly on the level of confidence and freedoms at the disposal of economic agents. The author considers that a better economic integration is conditioned by the capacity of the region to act on the three categories of needs
Golabek, Joanna. "Les facteurs sous-jacents de la coopération polonaise au développement: l'évolution du système d'aide de la Pologne depuis la période communiste jusqu'à son adhésion au Comité d'aide au développement de l'OCDE en 2013." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209002.
L’objectif de cette thèse de doctorat est de documenter, d’analyser et de comprendre l’approche et le comportement de la Pologne en matière de la coopération au développement. En nous référant à deux champs disciplinaires :les théories des relations internationales et l’Analyse de la politique étrangère (APÉ) nous étudions la politique polonaise d'aide au développement avec comme point de départ un triple questionnement :pourquoi, par qui et comment cette politique est-elle construite ?Afin de répondre à nos questions de recherche nous analysons d’abord une évolution du système d’aide polonaise liée aux changements que le pays subit au cours de la période étudiée. Ensuite, nous étudions en détail le milieu externe et interne de la coopération polonaise au développement.
Les résultats démontrent que la formulation et la conduite de la politique d’aide au développement de la Pologne s’inscrivent très profondément dans son environnement interne et externe et que des décisions concernant la politique d’aide ne sont pas un choix unilatéral des décideurs, mais plutôt le produit des enjeux entre plusieurs types d’acteurs et facteurs provenant de ces deux environnements.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Jacques, Eugénie. "Cuba, une géographie alimentaire insulaire : analyse des facteurs influençant l'évolution du patrimoine alimentaire havanais, 1990-2015." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28309.
The acute economic crisis that prevailed in Cuba during the 1990’s, the so-called special period in times of peace, had tremendous impacts on daily life in Cuba, among other things on food provisioning. In a context of double insularity caused by both geographic and political factors, the Cuban regime had to tackle the issue of food security to guarantee a minimum of food and health conditions to its people. Serious distribution problems of fresh produce arose with oil shortages, thus making it difficult to reproduce before-crisis feeding patterns. It is in this context that a potential rupture may be considered in the transmission of the food heritage and conservation and culinary practices, especially for urban Cuban households. Semi-structured interviews conducted with 17 residents and key informants from La Havana showed that the search for healthy and diverse food is not a priority in the aftermaths of the 1990’s the crisis and that food trends today tend towards the selection of known and stable options in sufficient quantities to help secure the basics. In addition to national economic constraints and the U.S. embargo, modernity is a factor at work in shaping and transmitting food consumption and transformation practices. The result is a mixed bag of local, regional, and international influences determining Cubans’ food preferences. Despite its relative isolation, Cuba is not exempt from influences spreading globally after all.
Bensafta, Kamel Malik. "Eléments de la défiance britannique vis à vis de l'euro et de l'UEM : rôle des facteurs monétaires." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR1002/document.
Our study has identified at least three answers in the British decision of not joining the euro area. First, a historical conviction never to tie its hands with regard to their experience of the EMS 90s. Second, a philosophical conviction that the European Union is not the only entity practicable for Europe. It shows a British political and public opinion hostile to European integration. Third, many economic reasons justify this refusal: first, the unsustainability of current euro area due to persistent structural heterogeneities. Secondly, the economic convergence between the UK and the euro area is considered inadequate in view of the British cycle analysis and its comparison with the German cycle and the cycle French. Thirdly, the common monetary policy does not address the concerns of the British regarding product stability and the fight against unemployment. Finally, the ECB is too independent, too rigid and not so British
Méjean, Caroline. "Influence des facteurs socio-économiques, de l'alimentation et des modes de vie sur les maladies non transmissibles liées à l'alimentation chez les immigrés tunisiens vivant en Languedoc-Roussillon." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066075.
Lechevalier, Sébastien. "La resegmentation du marché du travail japonais depuis le début des années 1990 : inégalités de sécurité de l'emploi, hétérogénéité des firmes et facteurs financiers." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0078.
The general ambition of this thesis is to contribute to the understanding of the contemporary transformations of the national wage labor nexus in a comparative perspective. For this purpose, the evolution of the japanese wage labor nexus since the beginning of the crisis in 1992 is analyzed and being compared to studies of the american and european (mainly french) cases. Using a wide range of methodologies (statistical analysis of the administrative survey, case studies at the micro and industry level, historical analysis, formalization, panel econometric analysis), this study led to the following results. Since the early 1990s, one observes in Japan an increasing trend of inequalities in employment security, mainly due to the increasing unemployment rate. The increasing trend of atypical employment and the low level of external job mobility also play a role, but to a less extent. An increasing trend of wage inequalities is associated to these inequalities in employment security, as a consequence of the change in the incentive scheme associated to the employment security (from seniority wage to efficiency wage) in a context of non negligible unemployment risk. These employment security inequalities are less related to the individual characteristics (sex, age, education) than to the heterogeneity of the firms. More precisely, the basis of the employment security inequalities lies on the opposition between two main types of productive organizations, the external flexibility and the productive stability, which are present within a same industry, for firms of equivalent size. This point contradicts the widely shared idea of the "end of lifetime employment in Japan". Moreover, this heterogeneity of the firms already existed before the crisis, mainly related to the size and the industry. It has been reinforced since the beginning of the crisis, according to a new criterion, related to the financial structure of the firm, which can be summarized under the label corporate governance
Palou, Madi Oumarou. "Déterminants socio-économiques de la gestion paysanne des plantations d'Acacia sénégal et de la production de la gomme arabique au Nord-Cameroun." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20145.
The North Cameroon like all arid and semi-arid zones of African sub-Saharan is facing desertification caused by climatic factors and over exploitation of natural resources.One of the consequences is the decline of crop yields due to degradation of arable land. In this situation, promotion of multipurpose trees plantations can improve the farmers’ livelihood. The introduction of A. senegal in the 90’s in agricultural farms had the aim to restore soil fertility and diversify sources of income for farmers through the production of arabic gum. Despite the multifunction aspect of this tree and the involvement of different development projects for its extension, the results and reactions of local people to its plantation remain inconclusive and selective. The thesis identifies and analyzes the socio-economic factors and their effects on the farmers decision to plant A. senegal. The method is based on surveys and semi-structured interviews. The results show that the best gum yield observed on the exploitation is 50 kg / ha / year. However, the revenue can be increased with the sale of byproducts of A. senegal. Not all farmers are sufficiently informed or trained. A platform for dialogue is to be set in order to redefine the roles of stakeholders in the market chain. For the sustainable management of A. senegal plantations, development projects and policy makers need to meet the standards of gum price differentiation
Rugishi, Muhindo G. "Modélisation des fluctuations macroéconomiques et comparaison des performances de modèles dynamiques d'équilibre général estimés : une approche par l'estimation bayésienne et les modèles à facteurs." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19318.
Giroux, Valérie. "La perte d'un parent par suicide : analyse rétrospective de l'expérience ainsi que des facteurs de vulnérabilité et de protection." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27005/27005.pdf.
Gagné, Sandra. "Facteurs socio-économiques de l'adoption de pratiques culturales alternatives en production céréalière, le cas du maïs-grain dans les régions de Richelieu-St-Hyacinthe et du sud-ouest de Montréal." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33643.pdf.