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Academic literature on the topic 'Facteur de protection solaire (FPS)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Facteur de protection solaire (FPS)"
Lorquin, Faustine. "Développement de préparations solaires éco-participatives et de nouvelle génération : utilisation de la lignine comme booster de SPF et production d'une mélanine de substitution." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/201215_LORQUIN_365ob597het970zyydtn580hoga_TH.pdf.
Full textThis work on the improvement of solar protection according to an eco-participatory concept proposes 2 parts, (i) the elaboration of a simple formulation, (ii) the synthesis of substitute melanin. The formulation contains only 8 ingredients, including 2 organic filters selected on their photostability, physicochemical characteristics, and absence of impact (health, ecosystems), BEMT and DHHB. Total protection is achieved by the addition of lignosulfonate (LiS), a widely available, non-toxic, anti-free radical, and a water-soluble polymer. Experimental design allowed to minimize the concentrations, resulting in 2 stable formula, SPF30 and SPF50, containing 9 and 12% filters respectively, and 5% LiS each. From the observed booster effect, hypotheses on LiS-filter interactions were proposed. The second part concerns the production of pyomelanin. While the quantities produced by the microorganisms remain low, 3 processes are compared: autooxidation of HGA-Mn2+ (yield 0.317 g/g substrate), an induced culture of Halomonas titanicae (0.55 g/L), and a method based on a laccase polymerization (PyoENZ, 1.25 g/g). The 3 structures had been characterized by 13C NMR (CP-MAS) and FTIR, a partial biological decarboxylation reaction was occurred and led to the formation of gentisic alcohol and gentisaldehyde which are incorporated in the polymer. PyoENZ is hyperthermostable, non-(photo)cytotoxic, traps ROS, effectively reduces Fe3+, and is proposed for applications
Schalka, Sérgio. "Influência da quantidade aplicada de protetores solares no fator de proteção solar (FPS): avaliação de dois protetores solares com os mesmos ingredientes em diferentes concentrações." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5133/tde-29092009-164750/.
Full textBackground: To estimate the Sun protection Factor (SPF) for sunscreen, the amount of product applied on volunteers, according to FDA and International protocols is 2 mg/cm2. Different studies show that users apply much less product when exposed to sun. Previous studies have shown controversial results in an attempt to correlate the amount applied in relation to SPF. Objective: Evaluate the influence of applied quantity of two sunscreens in the determination of SPF, according to FDA methodology. Methods: Forty volunteers were included in two groups (SPF 15 and 30). The selected sunscreen was then applied in four different quantities (2 mg/cm2, 1.5 mg/cm2, 1.0 mg/cm2 and 0.5 mg/cm2). All areas were irradiated with the solar simulator. After 24 hours, readings of Minimal Erythemal Dose (MED) of protected and unprotected areas were provided, followed by the determination of the SPF. Results: In both groups we observed decrease of SPF number according to the amount applied. The differences between the 2 mg/cm2 area and the others were significant in both groups (p < 0.001). The correlation between specified SPF and applied amount experienced exponential growth. Conclusion: The protection provided by sunscreen is related with the amount of product applied and, concerning the importance of employing good photoprotection measures, it is essential to educate consumers to apply larger amounts of sunscreen
ANDRADE, Bruno de Almeida. "Atividade fotoprotetora in vitro de espécies medicinais da caantiga pernambucana e incorporação em gel dermatológico." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17120.
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FACEPE
A exposição à radiação ultravioleta (UV) pode causar foto envelhecimento, lesões estéticas ou mais perigosas, como os carcinomas e/ou melanomas. Os filtros solares são substâncias capazes de absorver, refletir ou refratar a radiação ultravioleta e assim proteger a pele da exposição direta da luz. Uma tendência atual da indústria cosmética é a exploração racional da biodiversidade brasileira para o desenvolvimento de produtos com componentes de origem natural, especialmente a partir de plantas. Flavonoides, antocianinas e derivados do ácido cinâmico provavelmente são as substâncias presentes nas plantas responsáveis pela absorção na região do UV, devido as suas estruturas químicas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o Fator de Proteção Solar (FPS) in vitro, a capacidade antioxidante e quantificar os teores de fenois totais, taninos, flavonoides e cumarinas, de quinze espécies da Caatinga, utilizadas na medicina popular como antiinflamatórias, incorporando em um gel dermatológico o extrato que apresentasse o melhor FPS. Amostras das espécies vegetais devidamente identificadas foram secas, trituradas e submetidas à extração hidroetanólica (80:20). Análises espectrofotométricas foram realizadas para determinação do FPS, atividade antioxidante e para o doseamento dos metabólitos secundários. O cálculo do FPS, in vitro, foi baseado no método desenvolvido por Mansur. A atividade antioxidante foi avaliada pela capacidade dos antioxidantes presentes nas amostras captarem o radical livre DPPH. Os teores de fenois totais e residuais, flavonoides e cumarinas foram obtidos pelos métodos de Folin-Ciocalteu, cloreto de alumínio e acetato de chumbo, respectivamente. Os ácidos carboxivinílicos (Carbopóis®) foram a matéria-prima utilizada na preparação de géis. Após a incorporação do extrato bruto, a formulação foi avaliada quanto às propriedades organolépticas, físico-químicas e estabilidade. A espécie Schinopsis brasiliensis (Baraúna) obteve o maior conteúdo de compostos fenólicos. Em relação aos taninos Anacardium occidentale (Caju Roxo) apresentou o melhor resultado. No doseamento de flavonoides e cumarinas as espécies que se destacaram foram Erythrina velutina (Mulungu) e Amburana cearensis (Imburana açú). Quanto à capacidade de captura do radical livre DPPH, a espécie que mostrou melhor atividade foi Myracrodruon urundeuva (Aroeira) com uma concentração eficiente de 10,39 μg/mL, sendo melhor que a concentração apresentada pelo ácido ascórbico. Em relação ao FPS, a espécie que obteve melhor resultado foi Erythrina velutina (Mulungu) com um valor de 9,708 ± 1,29 na concentração de 100 mg/L, sendo a espécie selecionada para incorporação no gel. Na avaliação de estabilidade preliminar, não houve alteração nos parâmetros avaliados porém, após 30 dias, observou-se alterações na cor e odor da formulação quando submetida a temperatura elevada. Este estudo apresentou informações sobre plantas da Caatinga e sua utilização em preparações farmacêuticas fotoprotetoras, sendo necessário a realização de estudos futuros visando a melhoria do processo de extração e desenvolvimento farmacotécnico das formulações com esta finalidade.
Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UV) can cause photoaging, esthetic lesions or more hazardous as carcinomas and/or melanomas. Sunscreens are substances that can absorb, reflect or refract ultraviolet radiation and thus protect the skin from direct light exposure. A current trend in the cosmetic industry is the rational exploitation of Brazilian biodiversity for the development of products with components of natural origin, especially from plants. Flavonoids, anthocyanins and cinnamic acid derivatives are probably the substances in plants responsible for absorption in the UV region due to their chemical structures. This study aimed to determine the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) in vitro, antioxidant activity and quantify the total phenolic, tannins, flavonoids and coumarins content, the fifteen species of Caatinga, used in folk medicine as anti-inflammatory, incorporating in a dermatological gel extract to produce the best SPF. Samples of appropriately identified plant species were dried, crushed and subjected to extraction hydroethanol (80:20). Spectrophotometric analyzes were performed to determine the SPF, antioxidant activity and secondary metabolites. The SPF in vitro was based on the method developed by Mansur. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the ability of antioxidants present in the samples capture the free radical DPPH. The total phenolic and residual, flavonoids and coumarins content were obtained by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, aluminum chloride and lead acetate, respectively. The carbomers (Carbopóis®) the raw materials were used in preparing gels. After the merger of the crude extract, the formulation was evaluated over the organoleptic properties, physicochemical and stability. The Schinopsis brasiliensis species (Baraúna) had the highest content of phenolic compounds. In relation to tannins Anacardium occidentale (Caju Roxo) showed the best results. When dosing flavonoids and coumarins species that stood out were Erythrina velutina (Mulungu) and Amburana cearensis (Imburana Açú). Regarding free radical capture capability DPPH, the species that showed highest activity was Myracrodruon urundeuva (Aroeira) with an effective concentration of 10.39 mg/mL, better than the concentration shown by ascorbic acid. Regarding the SPF, the species that best results were obtained Erythrina velutina (Mulungu) with a value of 9.708 ± 1.29 at the concentration of 100 mg/L, and the species selected for incorporation into the gel. In the evaluation of preliminary stability, there was no change in the evaluated parameters however, after 30th day, there was a change in the color and odor of the formulation when subjected to high temperature. This study has information about plants Caatinga and its use in photoprotective pharmaceutical preparations, being necessary to conduct future studies aimed at improving the extraction process and pharmaceutics development of formulations for this purpose.
El, khoury Rindala. "Prévention des problèmes d’hyperpigmentation cutanée induits par les rayonnements ultraviolets et régulation par l’application d’huiles essentielles de plantes d’origine libanaise." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS138.
Full textHyperpigmentation disorders are characterized by an irregular distribution of dark spots on the skin, mainly on photo-exposed skin areas. This widespread problem is the result of several skin disorders leading to many physiological and aesthetic perturbations. Ultraviolet (UV) radiations play an important role in melanogenesis. However, they are also the source of several physiological disorders that induce a malfunctioning of melanocytes.The application of sunscreen is a very effective UV protection method and it is considered a main factor in the prevention of skin hyperpigmentation problems. One of the novelties in our research is that, for the first time, we were able to establish a new in vitro method for the determination of the sun protection factor (SPF) of a sunscreen, using EBT3 Gafchromic® film as a substrate. Our method relied on the color change of the substrate that was evaluated by UV-visible spectrophotometric measurements and valued by the absorbance of the film exposed to a solar simulator.In addition, we were interested in discovering new plant-derived active ingredients for the regulation of skin hyperpigmentation disorders. For this process, five essential oils (EO) of indigenous or endemic plants to Lebanon were extracted and their composition was studied by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We studied as well their molecular effects on cutaneous structures by in tubo and in vitro analysis. In tubo enzymatic analysis allowed us to identify an important anti tyrosinase activity of the two EO of Origanum syriacum and Origanum ehrenbergii. This activity was linked to the phytochemical composition of the EO and was assigned to the presence of their main component, carvacrol. In vitro cell cultures of melanocytes enabled us to determine a significant reduction in the melanin production in the presence of the EOs and carvacrol. Furthermore, we were able to define the mechanism of action of carvacrol by linking both in tubo and in vitro studies: carvacrol binds to tyrosinase and undergoes a series of oxidation reactions, thus preventing the oxidation of tyrosine. This mechanism is called competitive inhibition and it disturbs the regular pathway of melanogenesis.Our study is the first to demonstrate the anti tyrosinase activity of the EO of O. syriacum and O. ehrenbergii. The complementarity between efficacy tests and the phytochemical GC-MS analysis was our tool to discover that tyrosinase inhibition is mainly due to the presence of carvacrol that acts by competitive inhibition.Thus, the application of a sunscreen paired with the application of cutaneous melanogenesis regulator could be an effective solution for skin hyperpigmentation disorders
COSTA, Joneuso Tércio Cavalcanti da. "Preparação de protetores solares com argila: análise da eficácia in vitro da propriedade fotoprotetora." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2015. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/1057.
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As radiações não ionizantes (UV-A; UV-B e UV-C) do espectro eletromagnético do sol causam doenças aos seres humanos e precisam ser evitadas. O uso adequado do protetor solar minimiza tal risco. Atualmente, a tendência é introduzir materiais naturais, orgânicos ou inorgânicos, na composição dos protetores solares (fotoprotetores), no afã de neutralizar possíveis efeitos colaterais dos materiais sintéticos. Estudos mostraram que argilas (silicatos em camadas) incorporadas aos protetores solares podem bloquear radiação ultravioleta no comprimento de onda entre 250 a 400 nm dependendo da composição da argila. Acompanhando essa linha norteadora é que se baseou a elaboração deste trabalho onde duas argilas foram empregadas na preparação de fotoprotetores e aferida a eficácia em laboratório da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG) através da avaliação in vitro por espectrofotometria. As argilas testadas foram a montmorilonita sódica comercial (Cloisite® Na + ) e a bentonítica Argel 35. As formulações foram preparadas em três farmácias de manipulação, em três cidades diferentes, Guarabira, João Pessoa e Campina Grande, no Estado da Paraíba. O método escolhido para avaliação do Fator de Proteção Solar (FPS) foi o método in vitro desenvolvido por Mansur em virtude da ótima correlação com método in vivo, além de apresentar outras vantagens a exemplo do baixo custo e o de se evitar exposição do ser humano a experimentos que possam causar danos à saúde. Antes de avaliar o FPS das formulações preparadas com as argilas foi feita a avaliação do FPS de protetores solares comerciais e foi confirmado que o método in vitro utilizado foi adequado na determinação do FPS de protetores solares. A introdução de argilas na composição dos protetores solares, como materiais naturais, em substituição ao material sintético TiO2 foi eficaz, especialmente para a argila bentonita Argel. A legitimidade em se estudar o efeito fotoprotetor dos materiais argilosos na composição dos protetores solares é justificada por grande relevância social, posto que são de baixo custo, e ainda por serem encontradas com facilidade na natureza.
Non-ionizing radiation (UV-A, UV-B and UV-C) of the sun's electromagnetic spectrum cause diseases to human and must be avoided. The proper use of sunscreen minimizes this problem. Currently, the trend is to introduce natural materials, organic or inorganic, in the composition of sunscreens, in order to neutralize possible side effects of synthetic materials. Studies have shown that clays (layered silicates) incorporated in sunscreens can block ultraviolet radiation in 250 to 400 nm wavelength range depending on the clay composition. Following this guideline, in this work, two clays were used in the preparation of sunscreen and its effectiveness was determined at Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG) laboratory through in vitro evaluation by spectrophotomery. The clays tested were Cloisite® Na + sodium montmorillonite and Argel 35 bentonite. The formulations were prepared in pharmacies in three different cities, Guarabira, Joao Pessoa and Campina Grande, in Paraíba state. The method chosen to evaluate the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) was in vitro method, developed by Mansur, due to the excellent correlation with in vivo method. Besides, there are other advantages like low cost and less damage to health since the volunteer is not exposed to the experiments. Before the evaluation of SPF of prepared formulations with the clay, the SPF of commercial sunscreens was determined and it was confirmed that the in vitro method was proper to define sunscreen SPF. The introduction of clay in the sunscreens composition, as natural materials, replacing TiO2 synthetic material was effective, especially for Argel bentonite clay. The legitimacy of studying the photoprotective effect of clay materials in the composition of sunscreens is justified by great social relevance, since they are inexpensive and found easily in nature.
Balogh, Tatiana Santana. "Uso cosmético de extratos glicólicos: avaliação da atividade antioxidante, estudo da estabilidade e potencial fotoprotetor." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9139/tde-15072011-110304/.
Full textGlycolic botanical extracts have been widely used in cosmetic formulas due to their clinical activities. The objective of this study was to select six glycolic commercial extracts with higher polyphenol and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity in a group with twelve extracts [açaí (Euterpe oleracea), acerola (Malpighia glabra L.), horse chesnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.), green tea (Camellia sinensis), mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil), raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.), ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.), mint (Mentha piperita L.), strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.), propolis, pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and grape (Vitis vinifera L.)] to do their stability study and their in vitro evaluation of photoprotection efficacy. The dissertation was divided in three chapters. In the first chapter, it was developed the polyphenolic and flavonoid content assays and the DPPH and ORAC antioxidant activity assays involving all the twelve extracts. The higher values of polyphenolic and flavonoid content were obtained in the extracts of pomegranate, mate tea, mint, propolis, ginkgo and green tea. Thus, they were selected to undergo the other studies. In chapter 2, it was presented the stability study of this six extracts during 90 days. Organoleptic characteristics, pH value, dynamic viscosity and absolute density values, polyphenolic and flavonoid content and the antioxidant activity in the conditions refrigerator, stove and room temperature with and without sun light exposition were evaluated. Variations higher than a range of 10,0 % were observed in all extracts in at least one studied parameter. The green tea extract presented significant variations in the pH value, polyphenolic and flavonoid content and in the antioxidant activity. The ginkgo extract presented variations in the same parameters, except for the pH value. Polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity were altered parameters in the mint extract. The extracts of ginkgo, green tea and mint must be stored in refrigerator (5 °C), protected from the sun light. The flavonoid content and antioxidant activity values were altered parameters in the mate tea extract. The propolis extract presented variations in the polyphenolic and flavonoids content. It was observed that this two extracts can be stored at room temperature or in the refrigerator. The pomegranate extract demonstrated alteration in the antioxidant activity, however the high temperature (45 °C) did not affect its stability. In chapter 3, it was evaluated the in vitro photoprotection efficacy (SPF estimated), by diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry and spectrophotometric analyses of diluted solutions (Mansur methods), of these six extracts, incorporated in formulas containing or not the broad spectrum filter bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine (Escalol® S). It was observed that the SPF value was proportional to the amount of filter used in the Mansur method. Formulas with and without the glycolic extracts and with 2,5% w/w of the sun filter presented SPF ranging from 3,57 to 4,07; the formulas with 5,0% w/w of sun filter containing or not extracts presented SPF values in the interval between 6,13 and 7,57. The results of diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry indicated SPF values in the interval of 6,0 to 7,0 for formulas with 5,0% w/w of sun filter with or without extracts and values in the interval of 3,0 to 4,5 for formulas with 2,5 w/w of sun filter containing or not extracts. Both methodologies used indicated lack of synergism between the glycolic extracts and sun filter in the proportions used.