Journal articles: 'Facilitated communication'

1

Oswald, Donald P. "Facilitator influence in facilitated communication." Journal of Behavioral Education 4, no. 2 (June 1994): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01544112.

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Biklen, D., and H. Schneiderman. "Facilitated Communication." PEDIATRICS 99, no. 2 (February 1, 1997): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.99.2.308.

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Hostler, Sharon L. "Facilitated Communication." Pediatrics 97, no. 4 (April 1, 1996): 584–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.97.4.584.

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The optimistic side of FC, that nonspeaking children could miraculously become competent communicators, is unfortunately a myth. The dark side of the phenomenon of FC includes false hope, false communication, family disruption, losses of job and reputation, and inappropriate use of scarce resources.14 Unwitting pediatricians have accepted transcripts of FC that described sexual abuse by family members. The result was removal of the child from the family and prosecution of the alleged perpetrator even though the evidence suggested that the communication came from the facilitator and not from the child.16 As more families seek alternative health care for themselves29 and for their children,30 we pediatricians have the following responsibilities: 1) to become informed about our own community's offerings; 2) to develop a framework for our own evaluation (What is the theory or proposed mechanism? What is the research evidence? What is the cost in money and time? What is the potential harm?);)31 3) to support parents as they evaluate the risks and benefits of nontraditional interventions for their children;32 4) to advocate strongly for controlled evaluations of alternative therapies;33 and 5) to remember the unfortunate consequences of therapies such as facilitated communication when inclined to dismiss a nontraditional treatment as "not doing any harm."

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Konstantareas, M. Mary, and Gregory Gravelle. "Facilitated Communication." Autism 2, no. 4 (December 1998): 389–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361398024005.

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Biklen, Douglas. "Facilitated Communication." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 1, no. 2 (January 1992): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0102.21.

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Calculator, Stephen N. "Facilitated Communication." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 1, no. 2 (January 1992): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0102.23.

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McLean, James. "Facilitated Communication." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 1, no. 2 (January 1992): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0102.25.

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My summary reaction to the controversy at hand is that the success of the Biklen and Crossley procedures cannot be discounted on the basis of present knowledge about autism. I know that Calculator also agrees that there is every possibility that literacy skills have been ignored, and even suppressed, by past treatment practices and past segregation policies. Professional tolerance (let alone encouragement) for the use of any communication mode except speech is a relatively new stage for professionals in speech and language. We need only look at our past practices of denigrating manual sign language among people who are deaf to realize how egocentric people without disabilities have been. Overall, however, I think Calculator is right to point out the need for empirical efforts to objectify the procedures and provide a better understanding of the process and the theoretical basis for facilitated communication. I have long championed the notion that treating human problems at only the procedural level, with no understanding as to the theoretical or empirical bases of the treatment, is less than professional and, indeed, is dangerous behavior. Biklen also reflects this awareness, however. He posits his praxis rationale with some support from the literature (Grandin & Scariano, 1986; Oppenheim, 1974). It seems premature to dismiss it as readily as Calculator seems to do. Clearly, however, the proponents of facilitated communication need to do a more complete and rigorous job of objectifying their procedures and more fully describing the people for whom this procedure is "successful." Surely there are extant communication and cognitive abilities among the successful users of these procedures that could be identified and differentiated from the abilities present among those for whom the procedures are less successful. For example, one might look at the recent literature that describes the intentional communication repertoires of nonspeaking people with autism as a guide to some possibly productive taxonomies for describing the pre-treatment behavior of people who showed literacy after experience with facilitated communication procedures (see, for example, Wetherby & Prutting, 1984; Wetherby, Yonclas, & Bryan, 1989). Any extant speech repertoire needs to be carefully described and analyzed. Objective measures of children’s receptive language and reading abilities are also needed. Clearly, being able to predict differential success in the use of facilitated communication procedures would go a long way in helping to establish both empirical and theoretical bases for them. Although it really isn’t necessary, I say to Calculator, have faith. If it turns out that some time is spent in the process of clinically testing these procedures, it is the price we pay to ensure that we do not dismiss ideas and procedures that are unconventional in terms of past practices and past knowledge. If your concerns about these procedures are valid, empiricism will win out over superstition and emotionalism. Neither clinicians, nor consumers of clinical services, can be sustained for long without documented success... success that is measured not only in the research laboratories, but in clinical settings as well. Denying a procedure its opportunities for validation in the clinical arena is not a desirable step. Not all empiricism is found in the laboratory, and not all truth is found in formal research.

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Agran, Martin. "Facilitated Communication." Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities 39, no. 3 (September 2014): 175–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1540796914558830.

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9

Biklen, Douglas, Mary Winston Morton, Deborah Gold, Carol Berrigan, and Sudha Swaminathan. "Facilitated communication." Topics in Language Disorders 12, no. 4 (August 1992): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00011363-199208000-00003.

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10

Donnellan, Anne M., Laural A. Sabin, and L. Ann Majure. "Facilitated communication." Topics in Language Disorders 12, no. 4 (August 1992): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00011363-199208000-00007.

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11

Ogletree, Billy T., Anne Hamtil, Larry Solberg, and Shelly Scoby-Schmelzle. "Facilitated Communication." Focus on Autistic Behavior 8, no. 4 (October 1993): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108835769300800401.

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12

Lawson, Linda. "Facilitated Communication." Missouri Review 25, no. 3 (2002): 32–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.2002.0062.

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13

Minnes, Patricia. "Facilitating communication about facilitated communication." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 23, no. 2 (June 1993): 416–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01046231.

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14

Moore, Susan, Brian Donovan, and Alan Hudson. "Brief report: Facilitator-suggested conversational evaluation of facilitated communication." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 23, no. 3 (September 1993): 541–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01046055.

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15

Emerson, Anne, Adrienne Griffiths, Amanda Prentice, Tina Cosham, Patricia Howard-Jones, and Andrew Grayson. "Evaluation of Facilitated Communication." International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders 33, S1 (January 1998): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13682829809179458.

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16

Duchan, Judith F. "Views of Facilitated Communication." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 30, no. 4 (October 1999): 401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461.3004.401.

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Facilitated communication (FC) has generated considerable debate, with the main concern being whether the facilitators (often speech-language pathologists) are physically influencing what is being expressed by the communicator. FC has placed speech-language pathologists in an ethical bind, having to weigh the risks of denying their client the right to effective and efficient communication against the risk of using an approach that has not held up under the rigors of controlled scientific studies. The dilemma is further complicated by the different ways FC has been described. Those who describe it in social participation terms are more positive concerning its potential than those who see it in terms of information processing. In this article, views of FC are outlined. A way out of the dilemma is suggested through the development of clinical practice guidelines. Such guidelines should include protections of both clients and clinicians and should be built on both social participation and information processing views of FC.

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17

Calculator, Stephen N., and Elizabeth R. Hatch. "Validation of Facilitated Communication." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 4, no. 1 (February 1995): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0401.49.

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This study reports the results of an attempt to validate a young adult's use of facilitated communication. The individual, Philip, had made allegations of sexual abuse against his father. These allegations were conveyed to two facilitators, one a special education teacher and the other an instructional aide. A comprehensive battery of procedures was developed and then administered to examine the likelihood that Philip could have authored the allegations. Results of the assessment failed to support Philip's possessing the necessary communication skills to have authored the allegations. Charges against his father were subsequently dismissed. While findings of this investigation cannot be generalized beyond Philip, the procedures and accompanying rationale may be useful to other examiners who are engaged in validation activities with facilitated communicators. Implications and proposed guidelines for testing the validation of this method of communication are presented.

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18

Shane, Howard C., and Kevin Kearns. "An Examination of the Role of the Facilitator in “Facilitated Communication” 1." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 3, no. 3 (September 1994): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0303.48.

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Facilitated communication (FC) is an expressive communication strategy that involves the selection of targets on a letter display or keyboard by an individual who receives some physical support, typically from another person (known as the facilitator). Because physical assistance is needed for communication to occur, the question has arisen as to whether the facilitator or the individual who is facilitated is responsible for authoring messages. This investigation was initiated to determine whether messages expressed via FC by a 38-year-old man who was nonspeaking and mentally retarded were produced by this individual or by his facilitator. In order to investigate the source of communication, three procedures were designed, two of a visual and one of an auditory nature. Results revealed that the source of the communication in this context was, without exception, the facilitator. These findings suggest the importance of determining the source of communication expressed through facilitated communication.

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19

Adams, Catherine. "Facilitated Communication Training: An Evaluation." International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders 32, no. 1 (January 1997): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13682829709021457.

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20

Reed, Jackie. "Facilitated Communication – “A Thumbnail Sketch”." Journal of Clinical Speech and Language Studies 4, no. 1 (September 1, 1994): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/acs-1994-4108.

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Facilitated communication is an approach to communication therapy which has received widespread media coverage in the United States. Interest in this approach is now growing in the United Kingdom. Facilitated communication involves a communication partner helping a communication aid user to overcome physical and emotional problems in using their aid, by providing physical assistance. Some issues and concerns surrounding this technique are outlined.

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21

Cardinal, Donald N., and Mary A. Falvey. "The Maturing of Facilitated Communication." Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities 39, no. 3 (September 2014): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1540796914555581.

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22

Green, Gina, and Howard C. Shane. "Science, Reason, and Facilitated Communication." Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps 19, no. 3 (September 1994): 151–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154079699401900302.

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23

Silliman, Elaine R. "Three perspectives of facilitated communication." Topics in Language Disorders 12, no. 4 (August 1992): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00011363-199208000-00006.

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24

Calculator, Stephen N., and Karen M. Singer. "Preliminary validation of facilitated communication." Topics in Language Disorders 13, no. 1 (November 1992): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00011363-199211000-00003.

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25

Crossley, Rosemary. "Preliminary validation of facilitated communication." Topics in Language Disorders 13, no. 4 (August 1993): xv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00011363-199308000-00004.

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26

Sailor, Wayne. "Science, ideology, and facilitated communication." American Psychologist 51, no. 9 (September 1996): 984–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.51.9.984.

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27

Knox, Lewis A. "The facilitated communication witch-hunt." American Psychologist 51, no. 9 (September 1996): 986–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.51.9.986.b.

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28

Brittin, Ruth V., and Brian F. Kendrick. "Facilitated Communication in General Music." General Music Today 7, no. 1 (October 1993): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104837139300700107.

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29

Sjöholm, Bernt, and Marianne Sjöholm. "Facilitated communication and treatment abuse." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 24, no. 4 (August 1994): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02172136.

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30

Regal, Robert A., John R. Rooney, and Teresa Wandas. "Facilitated communication: An experimental evaluation." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 24, no. 3 (June 1994): 345–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02172232.

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31

Jacobson, John W., James A. Mulick, and Allen A. Schwartz. "A history of facilitated communication: Science, pseudoscience, and antiscience science working group on facilitated communication." American Psychologist 50, no. 9 (September 1995): 750–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.50.9.750.

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32

Burgess, Cheryl A., Irving Kirsch, Howard Shane, Kristen L. Niederauer, Steven M. Graham, and Alyson Bacon. "Facilitated Communication as an Ideomotor Response." Psychological Science 9, no. 1 (January 1998): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00013.

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Forty college students were taught facilitated communication via a commercially available training videotape. They were then asked to facilitate the communication of a confederate, who was described as developmentally disabled and unable to speak. All 40 participants produced responses that they attributed at least partially to the confederate, and most attributed all of the communication entirely to her. Eighty-nine percent produced responses corresponding to information they had received, most of which was unknown to the confederate. Responding was significantly correlated with simple ideomotor responses with a pendulum and was not affected by information about the controversy surrounding facilitated communication. These data support the hypothesis that facilitated communication is an instance of automatic writing, akin to that observed in hypnosis and with Ouija boards, and that the ability to produce automatic writing is more common than previously thought.

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33

Montee, Barbara B., Raymond G. Miltenberger, and David Wittrock. "AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF FACILITATED COMMUNICATION." Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 28, no. 2 (June 1995): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1901/jaba.1995.28-189.

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34

Simmons, William Paul, Janyce Boynton, and Todd Landman. "Facilitated Communication, Neurodiversity, and Human Rights." Human Rights Quarterly 43, no. 1 (2021): 138–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hrq.2021.0005.

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35

Przybyla, Olga. "Facilitated Communication in Autism Case Study." Logopedia Silesiana 8 (2019): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/logopediasilesiana.2019.08.15.

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36

Routh, Donald K. "Commentary: Facilitated Communication as Unwitting Ventriloquism." Journal of Pediatric Psychology 19, no. 6 (1994): 673–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/19.6.673.

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37

&NA;. "The dark side of facilitated communication." Topics in Language Disorders 13, no. 4 (August 1993): x—xv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00011363-199308000-00003.

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38

Sigafoos, Jeff, and Ralf Schlosser. "An experiential account of facilitated communication." Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention 6, no. 1 (March 2012): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17489539.2012.710992.

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39

Hudson, Alan. "Evaluating the Validity of Facilitated Communication." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 9, no. 2 (November 1992): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0816512200026651.

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ABSTRACTThe technique known as facilitated communication training involves a disabled person being physically assisted to point to letters or words in order to communicate a message. Use of the technique is controversial in that it is difficult to determine if the person providing the physical assistance is also influencing the message. The literature reports little empirical evaluation of the validity of communication using the technique. The current paper outlines a methodology which can be used to investigate whether the messages relayed using the facilitated communication technique actually are generated by the disabled person. The methodology invoves both quantitative and qualitative procedures.

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40

Prior, Margot, and Robert Cummins. "Questions about facilitated communication and autism." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 22, no. 3 (September 1992): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01048237.

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41

Hirshoren, Alfred, and James Gregory. "Further negative findings on facilitated communication." Psychology in the Schools 32, no. 2 (April 1995): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1520-6807(199504)32:2<109::aid-pits2310320206>3.0.co;2-0.

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42

Boynton, Janyce. "Facilitated Communication—what harm it can do: Confessions of a former facilitator." Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention 6, no. 1 (March 2012): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17489539.2012.674680.

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43

von Tetzchner, Stephen. "Understanding facilitated communication: Lessons from a former facilitator—Comments on Boynton, 2012." Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention 6, no. 1 (March 2012): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17489539.2012.699729.

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44

Karpenkova, I. V. "Applying Facilitated Communication method in education of ASD children using writing communicationon computer." Autism and Developmental Disorders 15, no. 1 (2017): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/autdd.2017150102.

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Facilitated Communication method aims at forming the skill of voluntary communication and is often used as one of the ways to communicate and interact with the development of writing in nonverbal children. The author’s experience of 10 years of applying of Facilitated Communication with the use of computer in classes with non-speaking children with ASD and other disorders gives grounds to draw conclusions about the usefulness of the method for the development of a self-contained writing. Examples of working with children and youth in the Autonomous Non-Profit Organization «Our Sunny World» using the Facilitated Communication method are given. Practical recommendations for working with children, which are often easier to master the skill of computer typing than more labor-intensive writing on paper are also provided. Present article is addressed to teachers and to parents of non-speaking children.

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45

HOSTLER, SHARON L., JANET H. ALLAIRE, and RICHARD A. CHRISTOPH. "Childhood Sexual Abuse Reported by Facilitated Communication." Pediatrics 91, no. 6 (June 1, 1993): 1190–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.91.6.1190.

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Facilitated communication remains an unproven and controversial strategy for nonspeaking children with developmental disabilities. It is possible that the process may be influenced by the facilitator. The evaluation of alleged sexual abuse reported by FC must include a full psychosocial history, complete physical examination for evidence of abuse, and the assessment of the child's communicative competence. The demonstration of communicative competence requires a strategy similar to that utilized with Carla. The successful documentation of the child's communication of general information should precede the pursuit of specific abuse issues.

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46

Schlosser, Ralf W., Susan Balandin, Bronwyn Hemsley, Teresa Iacono, Paul Probst, and Stephen von Tetzchner. "Facilitated Communication and Authorship: A Systematic Review." Augmentative and Alternative Communication 30, no. 4 (November 11, 2014): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07434618.2014.971490.

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47

Higginbotham, D. Jeffery, Rae M. Sonnenmeier, and Judith F. Duchan. "The Impact of Technology on Facilitated Communication." Technology and Disability 2, no. 3 (September 1, 1993): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/tad-1993-2308.

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48

Calculator, Steve. "Update: Joint Study Section on Facilitated Communication." Perspectives on Augmentative and Alternative Communication 7, no. 2 (May 1998): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/aac7.2.12.

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49

Fried-Oken, Melanie, Rhea Paul, and Warren Fay. "Questions Concerning Facilitated Communication: Response to Duchan." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 38, no. 1 (February 1995): 200–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3801.200.

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50

Wegner, Daniel M., Valerie A. Fuller, and Betsy Sparrow. "Clever hands: Uncontrolled intelligence in facilitated communication." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 85, no. 1 (2003): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.1.5.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Facilitated communication'

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