Journal articles: 'Facial cue'

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Coetzee, Vinet, David I. Perrett, and Ian D. Stephen. "Facial Adiposity: A Cue to Health?" Perception 38, no. 11 (January 2009): 1700–1711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p6423.

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Russell, Richard, Aurélie Porcheron, Jennifer Sweda, Emmanuelle Mauger, and Frederique Morizot. "Facial contrast is a cue for health perception." Journal of Vision 15, no. 12 (September 1, 2015): 1213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.12.1213.

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Watanabe, Noriya, Masahiko Haruno, and Masamichi Sakagami. "Emotional facial expression accelerates cue-reward association learning." Neuroscience Research 68 (January 2010): e291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2010.07.1292.

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Quist, Michelle C., Christopher D. Watkins, Finlay G. Smith, Lisa M. DeBruine, and Benedict C. Jones. "Facial masculinity is a cue to women’s dominance." Personality and Individual Differences 50, no. 7 (May 2011): 1089–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.01.032.

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Law Smith, M. J., D. I. Perrett, B. C. Jones, R. E. Cornwell, F. R. Moore, D. R. Feinberg, L. G. Boothroyd, et al. "Facial appearance is a cue to oestrogen levels in women." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 273, no. 1583 (November 2005): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3296.

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Although many accounts of facial attractiveness propose that femininity in women's faces indicates high levels of oestrogen, there is little empirical evidence in support of this assumption. Here, we used assays for urinary metabolites of oestrogen (oestrone-3-glucuronide, E1G) and progesterone (pregnanediol-3-glucuronide, P3G) to investigate the relationship between circulating gonadal hormones and ratings of the femininity, attractiveness and apparent health of women's faces. Positive correlations were observed between late follicular oestrogen and ratings of femininity, attractiveness and health. Positive correlations of luteal progesterone and health and attractiveness ratings were marginally significant. Ratings of facial attributions did not relate to hormone levels for women wearing make-up when photographed. There was no effect of sex of rater on the relationships between oestrogen and ratings of facial appearance. These findings demonstrate that female facial appearance holds detectable cues to reproductive health that are considered attractive by other people.

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Boothroyd, Lynda G., Isabel Scott, Alan W. Gray, Claire I. Coombes, and Nicholas Pound. "Male Facial Masculinity as a Cue to Health Outcomes." Evolutionary Psychology 11, no. 5 (December 2013): 147470491301100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147470491301100508.

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Evolutionary theories of human attraction draw heavily upon nonhuman literature, and currently the Immunocompetence Handicap Hypothesis dominates research into female attraction to male facial masculinity. Although some studies have shown links between masculinity and some measures of health, other data have failed to support the Immunocompetence Hypothesis as applied to human face preferences. Here we summarize that literature and present new data regarding links between masculinity and multiple measures of health condition in human males. Undergraduate males were photographed and their faces were assessed for sexual dimorphism using multiple methods and rated for apparent healthiness and attractiveness. Participants also reported recent health experiences both prior to being photographed and then again 10 weeks later. Although both attractiveness and rated health were associated with better actual health in the past and future (mainly indexed by lower antibiotic use), results were mixed for masculinity. With respect to respiratory illnesses, facial masculinity (assessed using morphometric techniques) was associated with better past health but with worse future health. Possible reasons for the complex and inconsistent findings are discussed and some potentially fruitful avenues of future research are outlined.

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Carré, Justin M., Cheryl M. McCormick, and Catherine J. Mondloch. "Facial Structure Is a Reliable Cue of Aggressive Behavior." Psychological Science 20, no. 10 (October 2009): 1194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02423.x.

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Roberts, S. Craig, Tamsin K. Saxton, Alice K. Murray, Robert P. Burriss, Hannah M. Rowland, and Anthony C. Little. "Static and Dynamic Facial Images Cue Similar Attractiveness Judgements." Ethology 115, no. 6 (June 2009): 588–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.2009.01640.x.

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Porcheron, Aurélie, Emmanuelle Mauger, Frédérique Soppelsa, Richard Russell, and Frédérique Morizot. "Facial contrast is a universal cue for perceiving age." Journal of Vision 15, no. 12 (September 1, 2015): 1222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.12.1222.

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DeBruine, Lisa M. "Trustworthy but not lust-worthy: context-specific effects of facial resemblance." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 272, no. 1566 (May 7, 2005): 919–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2004.3003.

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If humans are sensitive to the costs and benefits of favouring kin in different circumstances, a strong prediction is that cues of relatedness will have a positive effect on prosocial feelings, but a negative effect on sexual attraction. Indeed, positive effects of facial resemblance (a potential cue of kinship) have been demonstrated in prosocial contexts. Alternatively, such effects may be owing to a general preference for familiar stimuli. Here, I show that subtly manipulated images of other-sex faces were judged as more trustworthy by the participants they were made to resemble than by control participants. In contrast, the effects of resemblance on attractiveness were significantly lower. In the context of a long-term relationship, where both prosocial regard and sexual appeal are important criteria, facial resemblance had no effect. In the context of a short-term relationship, where sexual appeal is the dominant criterion, facial resemblance decreased attractiveness. The results provide evidence against explanations implicating a general preference for familiar-looking stimuli and suggest instead that facial resemblance is a kinship cue to which humans modulate responses in a context-sensitive manner.

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Han, Chengyang, Michal Kandrik, Amanda C. Hahn, Claire I. Fisher, David R. Feinberg, Iris J. Holzleitner, Lisa M. DeBruine, and Benedict C. Jones. "Interrelationships Among Men’s Threat Potential, Facial Dominance, and Vocal Dominance." Evolutionary Psychology 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 147470491769733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474704917697332.

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The benefits of minimizing the costs of engaging in violent conflict are thought to have shaped adaptations for the rapid assessment of others’ capacity to inflict physical harm. Although studies have suggested that men’s faces and voices both contain information about their threat potential, one recent study suggested that men’s faces are a more valid cue of their threat potential than their voices are. Consequently, the current study investigated the interrelationships among a composite measure of men’s actual threat potential (derived from the measures of their upper-body strength, height, and weight) and composite measures of these men’s perceived facial and vocal threat potential (derived from dominance, strength, and weight ratings of their faces and voices, respectively). Although men’s perceived facial and vocal threat potential were positively correlated, men’s actual threat potential was related to their perceived facial, but not vocal, threat potential. These results present new evidence that men’s faces may be a more valid cue of these aspects of threat potential than their voices are.

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Schweinberger, Stefan R., David Robertson, and Jürgen M. Kaufmann. "Hearing Facial Identities." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 60, no. 10 (October 2007): 1446–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470210601063589.

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While audiovisual integration is well known in speech perception, faces and speech are also informative with respect to speaker recognition. To date, audiovisual integration in the recognition of familiar people has never been demonstrated. Here we show systematic benefits and costs for the recognition of familiar voices when these are combined with time-synchronized articulating faces, of corresponding or noncorresponding speaker identity, respectively. While these effects were strong for familiar voices, they were smaller or nonsignificant for unfamiliar voices, suggesting that the effects depend on the previous creation of a multimodal representation of a person's identity. Moreover, the effects were reduced or eliminated when voices were combined with the same faces presented as static pictures, demonstrating that the effects do not simply reflect the use of facial identity as a “cue” for voice recognition. This is the first direct evidence for audiovisual integration in person recognition.

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Bashour, Mounir, and Craig Geist. "Is Medial Canthal Tilt a Powerful Cue for Facial Attractiveness?" Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 23, no. 1 (January 2007): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/iop.0b013e31802dd7dc.

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Cushing, Cody, Reginald Adams, Jr., Hee Yeon Im, Noreen Ward, and Kestutis Kveraga. "Differential visual pathway contributions to compound facial threat cue processing." Journal of Vision 17, no. 10 (August 31, 2017): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/17.10.260.

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Penne, R. B. "Is Medial Canthal Tilt a Powerful Cue for Facial Attractiveness?" Yearbook of Ophthalmology 2008 (January 2008): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0084-392x(08)79123-8.

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Cushing, Cody A., Hee Yeon Im, Reginald B. Adams Jr, Noreen Ward, and Kestutis Kveraga. "Magnocellular and parvocellular pathway contributions to facial threat cue processing." Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 14, no. 2 (February 2019): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsz003.

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Bailenson, Jeremy N., Philip Garland, Shanto Iyengar, and Nick Yee. "Transformed Facial Similarity as a Political Cue: A Preliminary Investigation." Political Psychology 27, no. 3 (June 2006): 373–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9221.2006.00505.x.

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Wen, Fangfang, Bin Zuo, Shuhan Ma, Yian Xu, John D. Coley, and Yang Wang. "Do We See Masculine Faces as Competent and Feminine Faces as Warm? Effects of Sexual Dimorphism on Facial Perception." Evolutionary Psychology 18, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 147470492098064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474704920980642.

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Previous research on non-facial features demonstrated that masculinity and femininity correlated highly with perceived competence and warmth, respectively. Several studies focused on dimorphic facial cues and found an association between masculine faces and competence. However, there’s no study exploring the association between facial dimorphism and social judgment both using explicit and implicit experimental paradigms, i.e. Triad Classification Task, Implicit Associate Task. This study examined the association of masculinity/femininity and competence/warmth via explicit and implicit measures in three experiments. The results showed that participants saw feminine/masculine faces as more consistent with warmth/competence for both male and female faces. Besides, it was found that the above associations were more obvious in female participants. The current studies extended research of effects of dimorphic facial cue in social judgment and provided direct evidence linking facial masculinity with perceived competence, and facial femininity with perceived warmth.

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Russell, Richard, Aurélie Porcheron, Jennifer R. Sweda, Alex L. Jones, Emmanuelle Mauger, and Frederique Morizot. "Facial contrast is a cue for perceiving health from the face." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 42, no. 9 (2016): 1354–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000219.

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Lewis, David M. G. "The sibling uncertainty hypothesis: Facial resemblance as a sibling recognition cue." Personality and Individual Differences 51, no. 8 (December 2011): 969–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.08.002.

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Peng, Zhen Yun, HaiZhou Ai, Wei Hong, LuHong Liang, and GuangYou Xu. "Multi-cue-based face and facial feature detection on video segments." Journal of Computer Science and Technology 18, no. 2 (March 2003): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02948891.

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Schmidt, Jennifer, and Alexandra Martin. "“Smile away your cravings” – Facial feedback modulates cue-induced food cravings." Appetite 116 (September 2017): 536–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.05.037.

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Wu, Yujia, Li Gao, Yan Wan, Fang Wang, Sihua Xu, Zijing Yang, Hengyi Rao, and Yu Pan. "Effects of facial trustworthiness and gender on decision making in the Ultimatum Game." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 46, no. 3 (March 25, 2018): 499–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6966.

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As little is yet known about the influence of facial trustworthiness and gender on fairness consideration in decision making, we examined whether a proposer's facial trustworthiness and gender would influence a responder's willingness to accept the proposer's monetary offer. Participants in our study were 79 Chinese undergraduate students (responders) who played the Ultimatum Game with 4 proposers (2 male and 2 female) with different facial trustworthiness. As predicted, responders were more willing to accept offers from trustworthy-looking proposers. We found that facial trustworthiness was a more salient cue when proposers were men than when they were women and, furthermore, that the students' emotional response to faces was correlated with their fairness consideration. Considering the implicit influence of facial trustworthiness and gender on decision making, potentially there are broader implications of our findings for certain business activities, such as negotiation and bargaining.

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Zhou, Hao, Wengang Zhou, Yun Zhou, and Houqiang Li. "Spatial-Temporal Multi-Cue Network for Continuous Sign Language Recognition." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 07 (April 3, 2020): 13009–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i07.7001.

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Despite the recent success of deep learning in continuous sign language recognition (CSLR), deep models typically focus on the most discriminative features, ignoring other potentially non-trivial and informative contents. Such characteristic heavily constrains their capability to learn implicit visual grammars behind the collaboration of different visual cues (i,e., hand shape, facial expression and body posture). By injecting multi-cue learning into neural network design, we propose a spatial-temporal multi-cue (STMC) network to solve the vision-based sequence learning problem. Our STMC network consists of a spatial multi-cue (SMC) module and a temporal multi-cue (TMC) module. The SMC module is dedicated to spatial representation and explicitly decomposes visual features of different cues with the aid of a self-contained pose estimation branch. The TMC module models temporal correlations along two parallel paths, i.e., intra-cue and inter-cue, which aims to preserve the uniqueness and explore the collaboration of multiple cues. Finally, we design a joint optimization strategy to achieve the end-to-end sequence learning of the STMC network. To validate the effectiveness, we perform experiments on three large-scale CSLR benchmarks: PHOENIX-2014, CSL and PHOENIX-2014-T. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves new state-of-the-art performance on all three benchmarks.

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Leo, Marco, Pierluigi Carcagnì, Pier Luigi Mazzeo, Paolo Spagnolo, Dario Cazzato, and Cosimo Distante. "Analysis of Facial Information for Healthcare Applications: A Survey on Computer Vision-Based Approaches." Information 11, no. 3 (February 26, 2020): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11030128.

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This paper gives an overview of the cutting-edge approaches that perform facial cue analysis in the healthcare area. The document is not limited to global face analysis but it also concentrates on methods related to local cues (e.g., the eyes). A research taxonomy is introduced by dividing the face in its main features: eyes, mouth, muscles, skin, and shape. For each facial feature, the computer vision-based tasks aiming at analyzing it and the related healthcare goals that could be pursued are detailed.

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Kościński, Krzysztof. "Facial attractiveness: Variation, adaptiveness and consequences of facial preferences." Anthropological Review 71, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 77–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10044-008-0012-6.

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Facial attractiveness: Variation, adaptiveness and consequences of facial preferencesThis review embraces the following topics: intra- and inter-populational variation of facial preferences, relationship between facial attractiveness and mate value, biological and social effects of the perception of facial attractiveness, credibility of the adaptive perspective on facial preferences, and the phylogeny of facial attractiveness. Its main conclusions are as follows: (1) Many sources of inter-individual variation in assessments of facial attractiveness have been identified, e.g., the age, sex, biological quality, physiological state, personality, and living situation of the judge, as well as previously observed faces, physical similarity of the focal face to the judge's face, and acquaintance with and knowledge of the face owner. (2) Inter-populational consistency in perception of facial attractiveness is substantial and possesses both a biological and a cultural basis. (3) Facial attractiveness is a reliable cue to biological quality of the face owner, e.g., better parasite resistance, physical fitness, reproductive fitness, longevity, less mutational load, higher intelligence and better mental health. (4) Facially attractive people have more sexual partners, marry at a younger age, and remain single less frequently. Thereby, they have higher reproductive success than unattractive individuals. (5) As a whole, research supports the thesis that facial preferences are adaptive, that is, they evolved during the course of biological evolution because they assisted an individual in choosing a mate with good genes or a good personality.

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Gilad-Gutnick, Sharon, Elia Samuel Harmatz, Kleovoulos Tsourides, Galit Yovel, and Pawan Sinha. "Recognizing Facial Slivers." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 30, no. 7 (July 2018): 951–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01265.

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We report here an unexpectedly robust ability of healthy human individuals ( n = 40) to recognize extremely distorted needle-like facial images, challenging the well-entrenched notion that veridical spatial configuration is necessary for extracting facial identity. In face identification tasks of parametrically compressed internal and external features, we found that the sum of performances on each cue falls significantly short of performance on full faces, despite the equal visual information available from both measures (with full faces essentially being a superposition of internal and external features). We hypothesize that this large deficit stems from the use of positional information about how the internal features are positioned relative to the external features. To test this, we systematically changed the relations between internal and external features and found preferential encoding of vertical but not horizontal spatial relationships in facial representations ( n = 20). Finally, we employ magnetoencephalography imaging ( n = 20) to demonstrate a close mapping between the behavioral psychometric curve and the amplitude of the M250 face familiarity, but not M170 face-sensitive evoked response field component, providing evidence that the M250 can be modulated by faces that are perceptually identifiable, irrespective of extreme distortions to the face's veridical configuration. We theorize that the tolerance to compressive distortions has evolved from the need to recognize faces across varying viewpoints. Our findings help clarify the important, but poorly defined, concept of facial configuration and also enable an association between behavioral performance and previously reported neural correlates of face perception.

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Johnson, Allison E., and Steven Freedberg. "Variable facial plumage in juvenile Cliff Swallows: A potential offspring recognition cue?" Auk 131, no. 2 (April 2014): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1642/auk-13-127.1.

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Sayette, Michael A., Joan M. Wertz, Christopher S. Martin, Jeffrey F. Cohn, Michael A. Perrott, and Jill Hobel. "Effects of smoking opportunity on cue-elicited urge: A facial coding analysis." Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 11, no. 3 (August 2003): 218–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1064-1297.11.3.218.

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Adams, Reginald, Hee Yeon Im, Cody Cushing, Noreen Ward, Jasmine Boshyan, Troy Steiner, Daniel Albohn, and Kestutis Kveraga. "Compound facial threat cue perception: Contributions of visual pathways, aging, and anxiety." Journal of Vision 16, no. 12 (September 1, 2016): 1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/16.12.1375.

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Cushing, Cody, Reginald Adams, Jr., Hee Yeon Im, Noreen Ward, and Kestutis Kveraga. "Neurodynamics of facial threat cue perception modulated by anxiety: A MEG study." Journal of Vision 16, no. 12 (September 1, 2016): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/16.12.160.

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Steiner, Troy, Robert Franklin Jr., Kestutis Kveraga, and Reginald Adams, Jr. "Compound facial threat cue perception: Contributions of visual pathways by image size." Journal of Vision 17, no. 10 (August 31, 2017): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/17.10.254.

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Jones, Alex L. "The influence of shape and colour cue classes on facial health perception." Evolution and Human Behavior 39, no. 1 (January 2018): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2017.09.005.

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Lu, Yan, Jie Yang, Kaida Xiao, Michael Pointer, Changjun Li, and Sophie Wuerger. "Skin coloration is a culturally-specific cue for attractiveness, healthiness, and youthfulness in observers of Chinese and western European descent." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (October 28, 2021): e0259276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259276.

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Facial skin coloration signals information about an individual and plays an important role in social interactions and mate choice, due its putative association with health, attractiveness, and age. Whether skin coloration as an evolutionary significant cue is universal or specific to a particular culture is unclear and current evidence on the universality of skin color as a cue to health and attractiveness are equivocal. The current study used 80 calibrated, high-resolution, non-manipulated images of real human faces, either of Chinese or western European descent, which were rated in terms of attractiveness, healthiness, and perceived age by 44 observers, 22 western European (13 male; mean age ± SD = 24.27 ± 5.30) and 22 Chinese (7 male; mean age ± SD = 26.05 ± 3.96) observers. To elucidate the associations between skin coloration and these perceptual ratings and whether these associations are modulated by observer or image ethnicity, a linear mixed-effect model was setup with skin lightness (L*; CIELAB), redness (a*) and yellowness (b*), observer and image ethnicity as independent variables and perceived attractiveness, healthiness, and estimated age as dependent variables. We found robust positive associations between facial skin lightness (L*) and attractiveness, healthiness, and youthfulness, but only when Chinese observers judge facial images of their own ethnicity. Observers of European descent, on the other hand, associated an increase in yellowness(b*) with greater attractiveness and healthiness in Chinese facial images. We find no evidence that facial redness is positively associated with these attributes; instead, an increase in redness (a*) is associated with an increase in the estimated age of European facial images. We conclude that observers of both ethnicities make use of skin color and lightness to rate attractiveness, healthiness, and perceived age, but to a lesser degree than previously thought. Furthermore, these coloration cues are not universal and are utilized differently within the Chinese and western European ethnic groups. Our study adds to the growing body of work demonstrating the importance of skin color manipulations within an evolutionary meaningful parameter space, ideally using realistic skin models based on physical parameters.

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Danel, Dariusz P., Kasper Kalinowski, Natalia Nowak-Szczepanska, Anna Ziomkiewicz-Wichary, Anna Apanasewicz, Krzysztof Borysławski, Sławomir Kozieł, Danuta Kornafel, and Pawel Fedurek. "Shifts in Female Facial Attractiveness during Pregnancy." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14 (July 17, 2020): 5176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145176.

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It has been proposed that women’s physical attractiveness is a cue to temporal changes in fertility. If this is the case, we should observe shifts in attractiveness during pregnancy—a unique physiological state of temporal infertility. The aim of this study was to examine how women’s facial attractiveness changes during the subsequent trimesters of pregnancy and how it compares to that of nonpregnant women. Sixty-six pictures of pregnant women (22 pictures per trimester) and 22 of nonpregnant women (a control group) were used to generate four composite portraits, which were subsequently assessed for facial attractiveness by 117 heterosexual men. The results show considerable differences between facial attractiveness ratings depending on the status and progress of pregnancy. Nonpregnant women were perceived as the most attractive, and the attractiveness scores of pregnant women decreased throughout the course of pregnancy. Our findings show that facial attractiveness can be influenced by pregnancy and that gestation, even at its early stages, affects facial attractiveness. Considerable changes in women’s physiology that occur during pregnancy may be responsible for the observed effects.

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Marcinkowska, U. M., and I. J. Holzleitner. "Stability of women's facial shape throughout the menstrual cycle." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1924 (April 8, 2020): 20192910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2910.

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Facial characteristics can serve as a cue for judgements of multiple human traits, from maternal tendencies, overall fertility to sexual openness. In this study, we tested previously found fluctuations in facial shape throughout the menstrual cycle. With methods more robust than those formerly used (larger sample size and detailed hormonal assessments determining the timing of the ovulation), we did not find significant changes in either of the three facial measurements conducted: symmetry, averageness and sexual dimorphism (all F ≤ 0.78, all partial η 2 ≤ 0.01, all p ≥ 0.542). After narrowing the sample to cycles that had a higher probability of being ovulatory (based on daily measurements of luteinizing hormone and oestradiol), the results remained non-significant (all F ≤ 1.20, all partial η 2 ≤ 0.03, all p ≥ 0.315). Our results (i) suggest that the previously found increased facial attractiveness of women in the most fertile phase of the menstrual cycle is not driven by changes in facial shape, but might instead stem from other changes in facial appearance, such as a more attractive skin tone; and (ii) underline the importance of replication of studies with new methods.

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Henderson, Audrey J., Iris J. Holzleitner, Sean N. Talamas, and David I. Perrett. "Perception of health from facial cues." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1693 (May 5, 2016): 20150380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0380.

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Impressions of health are integral to social interactions, yet poorly understood. A review of the literature reveals multiple facial characteristics that potentially act as cues to health judgements. The cues vary in their stability across time: structural shape cues including symmetry and sexual dimorphism alter slowly across the lifespan and have been found to have weak links to actual health, but show inconsistent effects on perceived health. Facial adiposity changes over a medium time course and is associated with both perceived and actual health. Skin colour alters over a short time and has strong effects on perceived health, yet links to health outcomes have barely been evaluated. Reviewing suggested an additional influence of demeanour as a perceptual cue to health. We, therefore, investigated the association of health judgements with multiple facial cues measured objectively from two-dimensional and three-dimensional facial images. We found evidence for independent contributions of face shape and skin colour cues to perceived health. Our empirical findings: (i) reinforce the role of skin yellowness; (ii) demonstrate the utility of global face shape measures of adiposity; and (iii) emphasize the role of affect in facial images with nominally neutral expression in impressions of health.

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Pound, Nicholas, David W. Lawson, Arshed M. Toma, Stephen Richmond, Alexei I. Zhurov, and Ian S. Penton-Voak. "Facial fluctuating asymmetry is not associated with childhood ill-health in a large British cohort study." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1792 (October 7, 2014): 20141639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1639.

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The idea that symmetry in facial traits is associated with attractiveness because it reliably indicates good physiological health, particularly to potential sexual partners, has generated an extensive literature on the evolution of human mate choice. However, large-scale tests of this hypothesis using direct or longitudinal assessments of physiological health are lacking. Here, we investigate relationships between facial fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and detailed individual health histories in a sample ( n = 4732) derived from a large longitudinal study (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) in South West England. Facial FA was assessed using geometric morphometric analysis of facial landmark configurations derived from three-dimensional facial scans taken at 15 years of age. Facial FA was not associated with longitudinal measures of childhood health. However, there was a very small negative association between facial FA and IQ that remained significant after correcting for a positive allometric relationship between FA and face size. Overall, this study does not support the idea that facial symmetry acts as a reliable cue to physiological health. Consequently, if preferences for facial symmetry do represent an evolved adaptation, then they probably function not to provide marginal fitness benefits by choosing between relatively healthy individuals on the basis of small differences in FA, but rather evolved to motivate avoidance of markers of substantial developmental disturbance and significant pathology.

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Cooper, Andrea Kay, and David Chin Evans. "Ethnicity and Impressions of Personality Using the Five-Factor Model: Stereotyping or Cultural Sensitivity?" Ethnic Studies Review 35, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2012.35.1.121.

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The current research investigates whether communities use ethnicity as a cue when forming personality impressions of others. Past research has shown that dress, smiling, hairstyle, and even facial symmetry of targets produce systematic differences in personality impressions across the domains of the Five Factor model of personality. We investigated whether the stated or apparent ethnicity of groups and individuals also produce stereotypic impressions of personality. This study compared impressions across members and non-members of the target groups and examined “cue utility” i.e. whether impressions of the groups agreed with aggregated self-impressions by group members. In all, the results clearly suggest that people utilize ethnicity as a cue when forming impressions of the personalities of groups and individuals, and although those impressions are exaggerated consistent with stereotype theory, they confer some utility in interpersonal perceptions across cultures. Stereotypes are a strategy used to interpret the complex social environment in the absence of more specific information. When that information is available, perceptions of others become more refined and accurate.

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Antar, Joseph C., and Ian D. Stephen. "Facial shape provides a valid cue to sociosexuality in men but not women." Evolution and Human Behavior 42, no. 4 (July 2021): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2021.02.001.

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Tapanes, Elizabeth, Stephanie Anestis, Jason M. Kamilar, and Brenda J. Bradley. "Does facial hair greying in chimpanzees provide a salient progressive cue of aging?" PLOS ONE 15, no. 7 (July 14, 2020): e0235610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235610.

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Turk, David J., Jane F. Banfield, Bobbi R. Walling, Todd F. Heatherton, Scott T. Grafton, Todd C. Handy, Michael S. Gazzaniga, and C. Neil Macrae. "From facial cue to dinner for two: the neural substrates of personal choice." NeuroImage 22, no. 3 (July 2004): 1281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.02.037.

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Lefevre, Carmen E., and Gary J. Lewis. "Perceiving Aggression from Facial Structure: Further Evidence for A Positive Association with Facial Width–To–Height Ratio and Masculinity, but Not for Moderation by Self–Reported Dominance." European Journal of Personality 28, no. 6 (November 2014): 530–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.1942.

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Recent work has indicated that individual differences in facial structure are linked to perceptions of aggressiveness. In particular, the relative width of a face [facial width–to–height ratio (fWHR)] has been suggested to be a reliable cue to aggressive behaviour, at least in men. Additionally, facial masculinity has been associated with perceptions of dominance, a close proxy of aggressiveness. In two studies, we assessed the robustness of this link using faces transformed along these vectors in men (Studies 1 and 2) and women (Study 2). Additionally, we examined whether individual differences in self–reported dominance of perceivers moderated this association in order to extend previous work indicating that own dominance affects perception of such behaviour in others. Results indicated that both male and female faces with increased fWHR and increased facial masculinity were perceived as more aggressive. However, we found no systematic evidence for moderating effects of self–reported dominance on the perception of aggression in others. Taken together, these results further support the robustness of fWHR and facial masculinity as cues to aggressiveness but question whether observers’ own dominance moderates their perception of these cues in others. Copyright © 2013 European Association of Personality Psychology

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Raj. S, Stephen, and Sripriya P. "An inventive arrangement for accident prevention detection and caution using image mining." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.3 (June 8, 2018): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.33.14860.

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Driver aware is more main cause for the majority accidents connected to motor vehicle crashes. Lethargic, tried, heavy-eyed driver identification methods can form the base of a classification to potentially decrease accidents linked to driver tiredness. It obtain visual cue such as eyelid progress, look movement, skull movement, and facial look that naturally distinguish the intensity of awareness of a human being are extract in actual time and analytically united to assume the exhaustion intensity of the driver. A probabilistic model is used for predict human being in-alertness based on the image cues obtained. The real-time use of several image cues and their regular arrangement yields a much more healthy and exact exhaustion and distress characterization than by a single image cue. Percent eye conclusion is also unwavering. It is deemed to be logically robust, dependable and faithful in exhaustion and fright categorization, finding and caution.

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Brentari, Diane, and Laurinda Crossley. "Prosody on the hands and face." Sign Language and Linguistics 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2002): 105–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sll.5.2.03bre.

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The analysis in this paper deals with the prosodic cues that were present in a one-hour lecture by a native signer of American Sign Language (ASL). Special attention is paid to the interaction of the dominant hand (H1) and the nondominant hand (H2), as well as to facial expressions articulated on the lower face. In our corpus, we found that H1 and H2 interact in several prosodic contexts; we analyze four of them here: Single Prosodic Word, Multiple Prosodic Words in an Intermediate Phrase, Parenthetical, and Forward- Referencing. Our main finding is that, while the spread of the nondominant hand (H2-Spread) is an important redundant cue to prosodic structure, the primary cue is on the lower face. Our findings also confirmed positional cues and domain effects of H2-Spread in Prosodic Words and Phonological Phrases that were previously found in Israeli Sign Language.

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Karimov, Farhod Pulatovich. "Building Trust in eCommerce." International Journal of Technology Diffusion 12, no. 4 (October 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijtd.288526.

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Integrating diverse social media cues such as photos, video streaming, and social networking has become a common marketing strategy to boost consumer trust in an online setting. In this paper, we study the influence of social-cue design dimensions such as a facial photo, a video stream, and social networking site on trust through an experiment. Our results show that online retailers can enhance consumer trust and stimulate a clear purchase intention by embedding social media cues into a web interface.

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Ying, Haojiang. "Attention Modulates the Ensemble Coding of Facial Expressions." Perception 51, no. 4 (February 21, 2022): 276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03010066221079686.

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Ensemble coding and attention are two mechanisms utilized by our visual system to overcome the limitation of visual processing when confronted with the overwhelming visual information. Recent evidence in ensemble coding of size suggests that the attended items contributed more to the averaging. On the other hand, some new evidence also indicates that reduced attention jeopardies the perceptual averaging of stimuli. What is the relationship between attention and ensemble coding? To answer this question, in the current study, we tested whether an exogenous attentional cue would influence the reported mean emotion of a crowd. We showed participants a group of four faces with different emotions. Participants’ attention was guided to the happiest or saddest face (attention conditions), or not to any specific face (baseline condition). The results supported the notion that the attention alters the ensemble perception of the facial expression by elevating the weight of that face in the ensemble representation. This opens the question for the neural mechanisms of ensemble coding and its connection to visual attention.

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Livingston, Robert W., and Marilynn B. Brewer. "What are we really priming? Cue-based versus category-based processing of facial stimuli." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 82, no. 1 (2002): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.82.1.5.

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Nojo, Saori, Yasuo Ihara, Hana Furusawa, Shigeru Akamatsu, and Takafumi Ishida. "Facial resemblance and attractiveness: an experimental study in rural Indonesia." Letters on Evolutionary Behavioral Science 2, no. 1 (June 3, 2011): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5178/lebs.2011.11.

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Previous studies suggest that humans use facial characteristics as a cue of kinship in a context-dependent manner: a self-resembling face is preferred as a target of cooperation because cooperating with kin enhances inclusive fitness, but avoided as a mating partner because mating with kin increases the risk of inbreeding. Another line of evidence indicates that children internalize faces of their family members and later use them as a referent with which faces of others are compared. Using digital morphing techniques, we conduct an experiment in a village in Sumba, Indonesia, to investigate effects of facial self- or parent-resemblance on perceived attractiveness of opposite-sex faces in the context of a long-term or short-term relationship. Our results show that females prefer a male face not resembling themselves and males prefer a female face not resembling their mothers, both in the long-term context.

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Morton, Debbie L., Wael El–Deredy, Alex S. Morton, Rebecca Elliott, and Anthony K. P. Jones. "Optimism Facilitates the Utilisation of Prior Cues." European Journal of Personality 25, no. 6 (November 2011): 424–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.805.

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It has been shown that optimists tend to rely more on their prior expectations than sensory input when making decisions of an intense nature (Geers & Lassiter, 2002). We investigated the degree to which this tendency persists over a range of discrepancies between prior cues and actual stimuli. Eighty–seven participants were shown a subset of happy, sad and fearful pictures drawn from the Ekman facial expressions of emotion (Ekman & Oster, 1979). Each picture was preceded by a verbal cue indicating the impending emotional expression and intensity. The displayed pictures were either in agreement, slightly discrepant or very discrepant with the cue. Participants rated the extent to which they agreed/disagreed with the expectation cue. Probit signal detection models were used to produce acquiescence for each subject at each level of discrepancy. Correlation analysis was performed on acquiescence and dispositional optimism scores. There was a significant correlation between all acquiescence scores for levels of discrepancies and dispositional optimism. Optimism appears to be a trait associated with acquiescence. The apparent tendency of optimists to comply may be due to a cognitive style that relies on expectations, such that it takes them longer to recognise the extent of discrepancy between expectations and incoming information. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Facial cue'

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