Journal articles: 'Façadism'

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KORUMAZ, Mustafa. "CEPHECİLİK (FAÇADİSM)." International Journal of Social Humanities Sciences Research (JSHSR) 6, no. 43 (January 1, 2019): 3206–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26450/jshsr.1528.

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Kyriazi, Evangelia. "Façadism, Building Renovation and the Boundaries of Authenticity." Aesthetic Investigations 2, no. 2 (July 11, 2019): 184–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.58519/aesthinv.v2i2.11967.

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The paper presents the history and trends of façadism, with examples from around the world, including a case where the State intervened for the suspension of façadism plans after alarmed academics referred to the Supreme Administrative Court. The different practices and scopes of façadism are presented, along with the views of its supporters and adversaries. Issues of authenticity arising from façadism interventions are discussed. Answers on whether building renovation through façadism consists of cultural preservation practice and preservation of the authenticity of a place, are sought in internationally accepted cultural heritage policy documents. These may provide solutions that could assist countries and institutions to make the right decisions regarding the conservation of architectural heritage, and confront extreme façadism practices through planning programs, legislative measures and education.

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Pieri, Christina. "Use of Façadism in Divided-Walled Nicosia, Cyprus." Built-Environment Sri Lanka 13, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/besl.v13i1.7665.

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Schumacher, Thomas L. "“Façadism” Returns, or the Advent of the “Duck-orated Shed”." Journal of Architectural Education 63, no. 2 (March 2010): 128–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1531-314x.2010.01073.x.

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Plevoets, Bie. "Juxtaposing inside and outside: façadism as a strategy for building adaptation." Journal of Architecture 26, no. 4 (May 19, 2021): 541–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602365.2021.1923552.

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Jász, Borbála. "Hidden Modernism: Architecture Theory of the Socialist Realist Gap." Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 49, no. 1 (May 28, 2018): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppar.12168.

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The aim of this paper is to clarify and exemplify the difference between modern, socialist realism and late modern in architecture. In the general pre-theoretical use of these terms, this distinction is often blurred; a unified expression, socialist realism, is used for all the aforementioned terms. This paper will examine a possible answer for this phenomenon by using examples from different areas of eastern-Central Europe, especially from Hungarian architecture.The paper first focuses on the façadism of socialist realism in the architecture of eastern-Central Europe. Following this, it shows that the architectural tendencies of classical modernism did not disappear in this period; they were just not explicitly manifest in case of public buildings for example. Finally, the paper argues that after this socialist realist gap, architectural theory and planning tendencies of the interwar period returned and continued, especially the work of Le Corbusier.

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Luder, O. "Façading." Structural Survey 8, no. 1 (January 1990): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000003214.

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Salem El-Zoklah, Marwa Hisham. "GREEN FAÇADES." MATTER: International Journal of Science and Technology 2, no. 1 (May 27, 2017): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/mijst.2016.s21.325340.

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Wally, Bernhard, and Alois Ferscha. "Staged Façades." International Journal of Ambient Computing and Intelligence 1, no. 2 (April 2009): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jaci.2009040103.

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Adell, Josep Mª, and Sergio Vega. "La fachada contemporánea con ladrillo: cerramientos tipo." Informes de la Construcción 56, no. 495 (February 28, 2005): 13–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ic.2005.v57.i495.452.

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Ma, Fudong, Dongbo Zhang, Zhuolin Wang, Xi Chen, and Lixue Jiang. "Risk Assessment of Falling Objects from Façades of Existing Buildings." Buildings 13, no. 1 (January 10, 2023): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010190.

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Falling objects from façades often lead to serious accidents, which has become a technical problem to be solved urgently. This paper established a database of potential safety hazard of falling objects from façades via the statistics of detection façades in Shanghai. Some detailed insufficiencies and swelling defects were analyzed. A risk assessment system of falling objects from façades was established using the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method. The weight coefficient was determined by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The beta distribution was used to fit the probability distribution of the occurrence probability of the elementary risk event. Based on the Monte Carlo model, the risk of falling objects from façades was assessed. A probability distribution of the risk probability of falling objects from façades and the importance of elementary risk factors were obtained. Some risk control measures of falling objects from façades were proposed.

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Balderrama, Alvaro, Jian Kang, Alejandro Prieto, Alessandra Luna-Navarro, Daniel Arztmann, and Ulrich Knaack. "Effects of Façades on Urban Acoustic Environment and Soundscape: A Systematic Review." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (August 5, 2022): 9670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159670.

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Façades cover a significant amount of surfaces in cities and are in constant interaction with the acoustic environment. Noise pollution is one of the most concerning burdens for public health and wellbeing; however, façade acoustic performance is generally not considered in outdoor spaces, in contrast to indoor spaces. This study presents a systematic literature review examining 40 peer-reviewed papers regarding the effects of façades on the urban acoustic environment and the soundscape. Façades affect sound pressure levels and reverberation time in urban spaces and can affect people’s perception of the acoustic environment. The effects are classified into three groups: Effects of façades on the urban acoustic environment, including sound-reflecting, sound-absorbing and sound-producing effects; Effects of façades on the urban soundscape, including auditory and non-auditory effects; Effects of the context on the acoustic environment around façades, including boundary effects and atmospheric effects.

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Wilson, Mark. "XIII-Theory Façades." Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society (Hardback) 104, no. 1 (June 2004): 273–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0066-7373.2004.00092.x.

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Azarnejad, Araz, and Ardeshir Mahdavi. "Implications of façades’ visual reflectance for buildings’ thermal performance." Journal of Building Physics 42, no. 2 (October 4, 2017): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744259117731287.

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The surface properties of building façades have implications for thermal performance of buildings and might also influence outdoor thermal comfort conditions for pedestrians. A surface property, which is frequently used by building engineers and specially architects, is the visual reflectance. In this article, effects of façades’ visual reflectance on thermal aspects of building performance have been investigated in two parts. In the first part, the result of a field study is presented. The study explores the relationship between the visual reflectance of actual building façades and the corresponding surface temperatures. A number of buildings with diverse façade colors were selected. Surface temperatures were measured via infrared thermography. Façades’ visual reflectance was derived via simultaneous measurement of the illuminance on the façades and their luminance. Furthermore, incident solar radiation, ambient air temperature, and relative humidity were measured. The results of the field study display a non-random relationship between the building façades’ visual reflectance and their surface temperatures. The second part of the research involved the deployment of a calibrated simulation tool toward exploring the impact of façades’ visual reflectance on thermal performance of buildings. The results suggest that the magnitude of visual reflectance has little impact on indoor temperature and heating demand in case of façades with external insulation layer but may influence cooling loads in case of non-insulated buildings.

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Monjo Garrió, Juan. "Chequeo constructivo de fachadas de Madrid." Informes de la Construcción 43, no. 418 (April 30, 1992): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ic.1992.v43.i418.1353.

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Barrelas, Joana, Ilídio S. Dias, Ana Silva, Jorge de Brito, Inês Flores-Colen, and António Tadeu. "Impact of Environmental Exposure on the Service Life of Façade Claddings—A Statistical Analysis." Buildings 11, no. 12 (December 6, 2021): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11120615.

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Façade claddings, as the outer protection layer of the building’s envelope, are directly exposed to environmental degradation agents. The façades’ orientation and their distance from the sea, among other location and protection-related factors, influence their vulnerability to climate loads, in particular wind and air humidity. These loads, as well as exposure to air pollution, affect the degradation process of claddings and the durability of façades. Therefore, studying the impact of the environmental exposure conditions on the service life of different external claddings provides useful information on their performance over time, which can support (i) decision-makers in the selection of the best façade cladding solutions and (ii) further research on the impact of climate change on building components. This study covers six types of cladding: rendered façades (R), natural stone cladding (NSC), ceramic tiling system (CTS), painted surfaces (PS), external thermal insulation composite systems (ETICS), and architectural concrete façades (ACF). Three hundred façades located in Portugal are analysed according to three main groups of variables, which characterize (i) the façades, (ii) their degradation condition, and (iii) the environmental deterioration loads and context. The statistical analysis results reveal that the environmental variables affect the cladding degradation process. South-oriented façades present lower degradation conditions than façades facing north. The distance from the sea and high exposure to pollutants add to the degradation conditions, reducing the expected service life of façades. The results reveal that claddings can be organized according to two main groups: the most durable (CTS, NSC, and ACF) and the least durable (R, PS, and ETICS) systems. This study enables a comprehensive analysis of the data, useful to draw conclusions about the influence of environmental exposure conditions on the degradation and service life of façade claddings.

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Attia, Shady, Stéphanie Bertrand, Mathilde Cuchet, Siliang Yang, and Amir Tabadkani. "Comparison of Thermal Energy Saving Potential and Overheating Risk of Four Adaptive Façade Technologies in Office Buildings." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (May 17, 2022): 6106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14106106.

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Adaptive façades are gaining greater importance in highly efficient buildings under a warming climate. There is an increasing demand for adaptive façades designed to regulate solar and thermal gains/losses, as well as avoid discomfort and glare issues. Occupants and developers of office buildings ask for a healthy and energy-neutral working environment. Adaptive façades are appropriate dynamic solutions controlled automatically or through occupant interaction. However, relatively few studies compared their energy and overheating risk performance, and there is still a vast knowledge gap on occupant behavior in operation. Therefore, we chose to study four dynamic envelopes representing four different façade families: dynamic shading, electrochromic glazing, double-skin, and active ventilative façades. Three control strategies were chosen to study the dynamic aspect of solar control, operative temperature, and glare control. Simulations were realized with EnergyPlus on the BESTEST case 600 from the ASHRAE standard 140/2020 for the temperate climate of Brussels. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to study the most influential parameters. The study findings indicate that dynamic shading devices and electrochromic glazing have a remarkable influence on the annual thermal energy demand, decreasing the total annual loads that can reach 30%. On the other hand, BIPV double-skin façades and active ventilative façades (cavity façades) could be more appropriate for cold climates. The study ranks the four façade technologies and provides novel insights for façade designers and building owners regarding the annual energy performance and overheating risk.

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Azarnejhad, Araz, and Ardeshir Mahdavi. "On the Impact of Building Façades’ Color on Thermal Building Performance and Outdoor Thermal Comfort." Applied Mechanics and Materials 887 (January 2019): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.887.189.

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A surface property of building façades, which has implications for thermal performance of buildings as well as outdoor thermal comfort, is visual reflectance. In this paper, the effects of façades’ visual reflectance on buildings' thermal performance and outdoor thermal comfort were investigated. A simulation tool was calibrated via empirical data and deployed to explore the impact of the visual reflectance of typical building façades in Vienna on indoor temperature and heating and cooling loads. The results show that the magnitude of visual reflectance has little impact on indoor temperature and energy demand of insulated buildings, while its effect on cooling load of non-insulated buildings is considerable. Finally, the effect of façades' visual reflectance on outdoor thermal comfort was investigated.

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Monjo Garrió, Juan. "Chequeo constructivo de las fachadas de Madrid/España." Informes de la Construcción 40, no. 396 (August 30, 1988): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ic.1988.v40.i396.1553.

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Gizzi, Peter. "Façades for Theron Ware." Grand Street, no. 46 (1993): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25007676.

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Gehring, Sven, and Alexander Wiethoff. "Interaction with Media Façades." Informatik-Spektrum 37, no. 5 (July 4, 2014): 474–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00287-014-0818-0.

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Sarmiento, Carolina S., and J. Revel Sims. "Façades of Equitable Development." Journal of Planning Education and Research 35, no. 3 (June 8, 2015): 323–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x15586629.

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Lufkin, Sophie. "Towards dynamic active façades." Nature Energy 4, no. 8 (July 22, 2019): 635–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41560-019-0443-x.

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Lai, Chi-Ming, and Shuichi Hokoi. "Solar façades: A review." Building and Environment 91 (September 2015): 152–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.01.007.

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Cubel, Francisco, Juan Roldan, Jose Vercher, and Enrique Gil. "Study of the Mechanical Behavior against Horizontal Forces of Self-Supporting Facades." Advanced Materials Research 1041 (October 2014): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.27.

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The brick façades are one of the most used façades in the current architecture. This typology is used during centuries, but still relevant today. The conventional way to build a brick façade is supporting the outer sheet on the slabs of the building. In buildings with these conventional façades have appeared stability, insulation and sealing problems.The self-supporting façade appears to solve these problems easily. This type of façade can solve more easily thermal bridges in buildings, which is an optimization of energy consumption. To resist horizontal forces façades need anchors between the two sheets or between the outer sheet and the structure. The current standards in Spain do not define the arrangement of the anchorages between the exterior sheet and the inner sheet of the enclosure. This paper studies the influence of the inner sheet in self-supporting façades. The transmission of horizontal forces between the two sheets of the façade is analyzed in detail, in order to check whether the inner sheet assists in the stability of the outer sheet. Different models of façade have been simulated to compare their results using the finite element method.

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Rezazadeh, Hamidreza, Zahra Salahshoor, Ferial Ahmadi, and Farshad Nasrollahi. "Reduction of carbon dioxide by bio-façades for sustainable development of the environment." Environmental Engineering Research 27, no. 2 (March 2, 2021): 200583–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2020.583.

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Nowadays, air pollution and consequently global warming are the major problems that the earth is faced with. These issues can influence climate change and human health. Building façades can play a significant role in the air quality of the urban environment. Therefore, this study draws upon the ability of nature in controlling carbon dioxide to compare three types of bio-façades (i.e. Water façade, Green façade, and Microalgae façade) and to identify an appropriate one. For this purpose, we analyzed documents and scientific literature qualitatively. Then, we identified the aforementioned types of biological façades and selected the most optimal one through the comparison. Additionally, for this comparison, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method was employed that resulted in achieving the higher scores by the microalgae façade among other bio-façades mentioned above. The major criteria considered for the AHP analysis included climatic, economic, architectural, environmental, and structural aspects of using the noted bio-façades in buildings. It should be emphasized that the environmental aspect was obtained as the most influential criterion among others. Finally, some technical tips and design requirements for bioreactors are depicted and discussed along with their upcoming challenges and future research direction.

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Ahriz, Atef, Abdelhakim Mesloub, Leila Djeffal, Badr M. Alsolami, Aritra Ghosh, and Mohamed Hssan Hassan Abdelhafez. "The Use of Double-Skin Façades to Improve the Energy Consumption of High-Rise Office Buildings in a Mediterranean Climate (Csa)." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (May 15, 2022): 6004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14106004.

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Engineers use double-skin façades (DSF) to lower the energy consumption of buildings as they can potentially control incoming wind speeds and the amount of solar heat gain. The purpose of this present study was to (1) evaluate the use of DSFs, (2) its efficacy in improving the energy performance of high-rise office buildings in the hot, dry summer climate of the Mediterranean, and (3) to develop an optimum DSF model for this climate based on industry standards and recommendations for high-performance DSF parameters. In order to determine the efficiency of DSFs, two distinct variables, building orientation and the number of DSFs used, were taken into consideration. This study adopted an experimental (generate and test) research design and used Autodesk® Ecotect® Analysis software to develop computer simulations with which to assess 15 single façades, juxtaposed façades, three façades, and four façades on cardinal orientations. The recorded energy consumption and savings were then compared with that of the reference model. The results indicated that the three DSF model, i.e., the S14 model, reduced energy consumption during heating by 28% and by 53.5% when cooling a high-rise office building located in the hot, dry summer climate of the Mediterranean (Csa).

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De la Barra, Pedro, Alessandra Luna-Navarro, Alejandro Prieto, Claudio Vásquez, and Ulrick Knaack. "Influence of Automated Façades on Occupants." Journal of Facade Design and Engineering 10, no. 2 (December 6, 2022): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47982/jfde.2022.powerskin.02.

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Several studies performing building simulations showed that the automated control of façades can provide higher levels of indoor environmental quality and lower energy demand in buildings, in comparison to manually controlled scenarios. However, in several case studies with human volunteers, automated controls were found to be disruptive or unsatisfactory for occupants. For instance, automated façades became a source of dissatisfaction for occupants when they did not fulfil individual environmental requirements, did not provide personal control options, or did not correctly integrate occupant preferences with façade operation in energy-efficient controls. This article reviews current evidence from empirical studies with human volunteers to identify the key factors that affect occupant response to automated façades. Only twenty-six studies were found to empirically investigate occupant response to automated façades from 1998 onwards. Among the reviewed studies, five groups of factors were found to influence occupant interaction with automated façades and namely: (1) personal factors, (2) environmental conditions, (3) type and mode of operation, (4) type of façade technology, and (5) contextual factors.. Overall, occupant response to automated façades is often poorly considered in research studies reviewed because of the following three reasons: (i) the lack of established methods or procedures for assessing occupant response to automated façade controls, (ii) poor understanding of occupant multi-domain comfort preferences in terms of façade operation, (iii) fragmented research landscape, on one hand results are mainly related to similar contextual or climatic conditions, which undermines their applicability to other climates, while on the other hand the lack of replication within the same conditions, which also undermines replicability within the same condition. Lastly, this paper suggests future research directions to achieve a holistic and more comprehensive understanding of occupant response to automated façades, aiming to achieve more user-centric automated façade solutions and advanced control algorithms. In particular, research on the impact of personal factors on occupant satisfaction with automated controls is deemed paramount.

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Kolbrecki, A. "Model of fire spread out on outer building surface." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 63, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bpasts-2015-0015.

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Abstract The spread of fire through the façades is one of the quickest routes of spreading flames in buildings. There are three situations that can lead to the spread of fire though the façades: a) Fire from outside through hot coals, initialized/set either by a fire in a nearby building or a wooden area in flames, b) Fire started/set by an element that burns in the front of the façade (garbage container, furniture, etc.), c) Fire originated in a compartment of the building, which spreads outwards through the windows. In this paper, I focus only at the last case, which is considered to be the most dangerous and statistically the most frequently occurring. Fire spread of some type of façades were discussed: • Glazed façade, • Double-skin façade, • Façade with structural barriers, • Façade with side walls at the opening, • Façades covered by ETICS (External Thermal Insulation Composite System). Also information of influence of radiation from compartment fires to adjacent buildings was added.

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Monjo Carrió, Juan. "Errores sistemáticos en el diseño constructivo de fachadas." Informes de la Construcción 42, no. 407 (June 30, 1990): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ic.1990.v42.i407.1449.

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Abdou, Amal, Iman Gawad, and Yasmine ElTouny. "The Environmental and Economical Impacts of Using Media Façades in Commercial Buildings in Egypt." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development. 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v1i2.86.

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Media façades is a subdivision of urban computing integrating digital displays into buildings, including structures and road furniture. It is frequently connected with overdimensional screens and vivified, lit up publicizing, and places like Times Square. The façade is dematerialized and transformed into one immense promoting medium for sending messages. Media façades can bring out the most assorted feelings, from a major city feeling to disturbance at light contamination. They are likewise seen as Pop Art or as blemishes. Design tends to utilize media façades increasingly as a stylistic component. What used to be added to exteriors after the building development more in the method for a flaw is currently a part of the design procedure and offers new extension for visionary outline which is authored to the term 'Mediatecture'.This research identifies the impact of using media façades on commercial buildings environmentally and economically. In addition to that experimental design cases of interactive building façades will be discussed and a SWOT analysis would be made to exemplify the challenges and discuss how they may be addressed. Also, the examples are presented to demonstrate how to work with the difficulties inalienable in media façade design forms taking into account the formation of different proposals for a media façade on current Public buildings and new ones in Egypt.

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Abdou, Amal, Iman Gawad, and Yasmine ElTouny. "The Environmental and Economical Impacts of Using Media Façades in Commercial Buildings in Egypt." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v2i1.86.

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Media façades is a subdivision of urban computing integrating digital displays into buildings, including structures and road furniture. It is frequently connected with over dimensional screens and vivified, lit up publicizing, and places like Times Square. The façade is dematerialized and transformed into one immense promoting medium for sending messages. Media façades can bring out the most assorted feelings, from a major city feeling to disturbance at light contamination. They are likewise seen as Pop Art or as blemishes. Design tends to utilize media façades increasingly as a stylistic component. What used to be added to exteriors after the enhanced building development in the method for a flaw is currently a part of the design procedure and offers new extension for visionary outline which is authored to the term 'Mediatecture'. This research identifies the impact of using media façades on commercial buildings environmentally and economically. In addition to that, experimental design cases of interactive building façades will be discussed and a SWOT analysis will be analyzed to exemplify the challenges and discuss how they may be addressed. Also, the examples are presented to demonstrate how to work with the difficulties inalienable in media façade design forms taking into account the formation of different proposals for a media façade on current public and new buildings in Egypt.

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Shih, Naai-Jung, and Yi Chen. "LiDAR- and AR-Based Monitoring of Evolved Building Façades upon Zoning Conflicts." Sensors 20, no. 19 (October 1, 2020): 5628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20195628.

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Zoning conflicts have transformed Old Street fabrics in terms of architectural style and construction material in Lukang, Taiwan. This transformation should be assessed as a contribution to digital cultural sustainability. The objective of this study was to compare the evolved façades resultant from the changes made by the development of architectural history and urban planning. A combination of 3D scan technology and a smartphone augmented reality (AR) app, Augment®, was applied to the situated comparison with direct interaction on-site. The AR application compared 20 façades in the laboratory and 18 façades in four different sites using a flexible interface. The comparisons identified the correlation of evolved façades in real sites in terms of building volumes and components, pedestrian arcades on store fronts, and previous installations. The situated comparisons were facilitated in a field study with real-time adjustments to 3D models and analyses of correlations across details and components. The application of AR was demonstrated to be effective in reinstalling scenes and differentiating diversified compositions of vocabulary in a remote site.

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Faragalla, Ali M. A., and Somayeh Asadi. "Biomimetic Design for Adaptive Building Façades: A Paradigm Shift towards Environmentally Conscious Architecture." Energies 15, no. 15 (July 26, 2022): 5390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155390.

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A change in thinking has been ongoing in the architecture and building industry in response to growing concern over the role of the building industry in the excessive consumption of energy and its devastating effects on the natural environment. This shift changed the thinking of architects, engineers, and designers in the initial phases of a building’s design, with a change from the importance of geometry and form to assessing a building’s performance, from structure to a building’s skin, and from abstract aesthetics to bio-climatic aesthetics. In this context, sustainable, intelligent, and adaptive building façades were extensively researched and developed. Consequently, several typologies, strategies, and conceptual design frameworks for adaptive façades were developed with the aim of performing certain functions. This study focuses on the biomimetic methodologies developed to design adaptive façades because of their efficiency compared to other typologies. A comprehensive literature review is performed to review the design approaches toward those façades at the early stage of design. Then, the theoretical bases for three biomimetic frameworks are presented to gain an overall understanding of the concepts, opportunities, and limitations.

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Zaleckis, Kęstutis, Huriye Armağan Doğan, and Natanael Lopez Arce. "Evaluation of the Interventions to Built Heritage: Analysis of Selected Façades of Kaunas by Space Syntax and Sociological Methods." Sustainability 14, no. 8 (April 16, 2022): 4784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14084784.

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This paper is an attempt to analyse the correlation between the perception of people and their evaluation regarding contemporary interventions and changes on the façades of cultural heritage buildings, which might affect cultural sustainability. The paper uses two different experimental methods for the analysis of the building façades from various eras in the city centre of Kaunas, which experienced interventions that affected the appearance of the structures. The first experiment performed is a sociological survey, and the second one is a façade analysis conducted by the space syntax method. The paper follows the theory of Nikos Salingaros for measuring the properties of the size distribution on the façades and implements Bill Hillier’s methodology for symmetry index analysis. The research demonstrates some significant correlations between the results of Space Syntax modelling and the sociological survey answers, thus demonstrating the possibility of modelling and predicting changes in the perception of architectural transformations of the façades with potential usability in the monitoring of the transformation of cultural heritage objects, preservation of the cultural identity of a cityscape, etc.

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Bienvenido-Huertas, David. "Analysis of the Relationship of the Improvement of Façades and Thermal Bridges of Spanish Building Stock with the Mitigation of Its Energy and Environmental Impact." Energies 13, no. 17 (September 1, 2020): 4499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174499.

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The energy improvement of building stock is essential to achieve a low-carbon economy. The improvement of façades is among the most common measures to reduce energy consumption. However, the effect of thermal bridges is undervalued in most cases. This study assesses the effect of improving building façades and thermal bridges. For this purpose, a case study is assessed for all climate zones in Spain, both in current and future scenarios, considering operational patterns from the COVID-19 pandemic. The study shows that the application of energy conservation measures focusing on reducing the thermal transmittance of façades and the linear thermal transmittance of thermal bridges has a more significant energy and environmental effect than other, more economical energy conservation measures that do not improve the effect of thermal bridges. Likewise, the application of energy conservation measures to improve façades can reduce carbon dioxide emissions but are far from achieving the 90% reduction set by the European Union by 2050. Consequently, these measures should be combined with other measures.

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Tsironis, V., A. Tranou, A. Vythoulkas, A. Psalta, E. Petsa, and G. Karras. "AUTOMATIC RECTIFICATION OF BUILDING FAÇADES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W3 (February 23, 2017): 645–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w3-645-2017.

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Focusing mainly on the case of (near-)planar building façades, a methodology for their automatic projective rectification is described and evaluated. It relies on a suitably configured, calibrated stereo pair of an object expected to contain a minimum of vertical and/or horizontal lines for the purposes of levelling. The SURF operator has been used for extracting and matching interest points. The coplanar points have been separated with two alternative methods. First, the fundamental matrix of the stereo pair, computed using robust estimation, allows estimating the relative orientation of the calibrated pair; initial parameter values, if needed, may be estimated via the essential matrix. Intersection of valid points creates a 3D point set in model space, to which a plane is robustly fitted. Second, all initial point matches are directly used for robustly estimating the inter-image homography of the pair, thus directly selecting all image matches referring to coplanar points; initial values for the relative orientation parameters, if needed, may be estimated from a decomposition of the inter-image homography. Finally, all intersected coplanar model points yield the object-to-image homography to allow image rectification. The in-plane rotation required to finalize the transformation is found by assuming that rectified images contain sufficient straight linear segments to form a dominant pair of orthogonal directions which correspond to horizontality/verticality in 3D space. In our implementation, image edges from Canny detector are used in linear Hough Transform (HT) resulting in a 2D array (ρ, θ) with values equal to the sum of pixels belonging to the particular line. Quantization parameter values aim at absorbing possible slight deviations from collinearity due to thinning or uncorrected lens distortions. By first imposing a threshold expressing the minimum acceptable number of edge-characterized pixels, the resulting HT is accumulated along the ρ-dimension to give a single vector, whose values represent the number of lines of the particular direction. Since here the dominant pair of orthogonal directions has to be found, all vector values are added with their π/2-shifted counterpart. This function is then convolved with a 1D Gaussian function; the optimal angle of in-plane rotation is at the maximum value of the result. The described approach has been successfully evaluated with several building façades of varying morphology by assessing remaining line convergence (projectivity), skewness and deviations from horizontality/verticality. Mean estimated deviation from a metric result was 0°.2. Open questions are also discussed.

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Voigt, M. P., D. Roth, and M. Kreimeyer. "Main Characteristics of Adaptive Façades." Proceedings of the Design Society 2 (May 2022): 2543–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2022.257.

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AbstractAdaptive façades (AF), unlike conventional façades, respond to their environment to reduce energy consumption while increasing comfort. The planning of AF presents architects and engineers with a variety of challenges. One central challenge is the specification of the right planning goals in the early phases. This paper identifies in a systematic literature review the main characteristics which were crucial in previous realizations of AF. Due to the comprehensive approach it provides a reference for the goal definition of subsequent projects and the development of further methodical support.

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Ortega, Agustín. "Mudéjar Façades in Toledo palaces." Estoa 5, no. 9 (July 1, 2016): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18537/est.v005.n009.10.

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Heusler, Winfried, and Ksenija Kadija. "Advanced design of complex façades." Intelligent Buildings International 10, no. 4 (July 17, 2018): 220–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2018.1493979.

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Freitas, Sara, and Miguel Centeno Brito. "Solar façades for future cities." Renewable Energy Focus 31 (December 2019): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ref.2019.09.002.

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Jolissaint, Nicolas, Rafic Hanbali, Jean-Christophe Hadorn, and Andreas Schüler. "Colored solar façades for buildings." Energy Procedia 122 (September 2017): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.340.

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Diarce, Gonzalo, Aitor Urresti, Ana García-Romero, Alejandra Delgado, Aitor Erkoreka, Cesar Escudero, and Álvaro Campos-Celador. "Ventilated active façades with PCM." Applied Energy 109 (September 2013): 530–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.01.032.

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Takemasa, Yuichi, Masaya Hiraoka, Masahiro Katoh, Katsuhiro Miura, Shinji Kasai, and Tsuyoshi Oya. "Natural Ventilation with Dynamic Façades." International Journal of Ventilation 8, no. 3 (December 2009): 287–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14733315.2009.11683853.

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Peck, Gabrielle, Nicola Jones, Sean T. McKenna, Jim L. D. Glockling, John Harbottle, Anna A. Stec, and T. Richard Hull. "Smoke toxicity of rainscreen façades." Journal of Hazardous Materials 403 (February 2021): 123694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123694.

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Jones, Nicola, Gabrielle Peck, Sean T. McKenna, Jim L. D. Glockling, John Harbottle, Anna A. Stec, and T. Richard Hull. "Burning behaviour of rainscreen façades." Journal of Hazardous Materials 403 (February 2021): 123894. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123894.

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Tokbolat, Serik, Yelaman Naizabekov, and Stefano Mariani. "The impacts of different façade types on energy use in residential buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 172 (2020): 24010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017224010.

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Globally, buildings are responsible for a significant share in energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions profiles. Various attempts are undertaken to increase the energy efficiency of buildings and reduce their environmental impact. In semi-continental climate conditions with very hot summers and extremely cold winters, buildings should be carefully designed to ensure efficient harnessing of solar energy and reducing energy loss due to poor insulation and inappropriate use of materials. Amidst the fast development of the construction industry, different façade systems are used in Kazakhstan. In several cases, the choice of the façade materials is defined not by performance but rather by economic aspects and physical appearance. This project aimed to investigate various types of façades adopted in the construction of residential buildings and assess their performance in terms of their impact on buildings’ energy consumption. The preliminary results indicate that there are five main types of façades widely used. Five different models were therefore built using energy simulation software and the respective energy consumption data were estimated. The results testify that buildings with brickwork (clay bricks) and stonework (travertine) façades were more energy efficient than those with brickwork (silica bricks), aluminum composite panels and decorated plaster façades.

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Búryová, Dominika, and Pavol Sedlák. "Life Cycle Assessment of Coated and Thermally Modified Wood Façades." Coatings 11, no. 12 (December 2, 2021): 1487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11121487.

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Façades—their design, aesthetics, performance, type of cladding material, and understructure—determine architectural expression and form unique appearances of individual buildings. In connection to the sustainable development idea, wood façades provide one of the alternatives of a contemporary building exterior look. Façade cladding made of coated and thermally modified wood can be successfully used for these buildings. In addition, thermally modified wood allows the use of local European wood species, while keeping cladding elements relatively thin. On the other hand, wood has certain structural limitations and disadvantages due to the properties of wood. The main weakness is caused by the surface durability of wood and its related need for maintenance over time. The scope of the study was a comprehensive assessment of coated non-heat-treated and thermally modified wood façades, performed in terms of life cycle assessment. The aim was to identify which type of wooden façade had the lowest environmental impact. According to the EN 15804 + A2 standard, the principle of evaluation of environmental parameters “cradle-to-gate-with options” was used to evaluate wooden façades and coatings and surface preservation methods. Simulations with the SimaPro program showed that the thermal modification of wood has a significant impact on the environment at the product stage. Nonetheless the thermally modified façade without any surface coating showed the lowest environmental impact in a 30 year time-horizon of the “use stage”. It was showed that surface maintenance methods applied, the coatings used, and the frequency of their application play an important role in the environmental impact of the investigated wooden façades.

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Östman, Birgit, and Lazaros Tsantaridis. "Fire Scenarios for Multi-storey Façades with Emphasis on Full-Scale Testing of Wooden Façades." Fire Technology 51, no. 6 (June 25, 2015): 1495–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-015-0508-8.

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Böke, Jens, Paul-Rouven Denz, Natchai Suwannapruk, and Puttakhun Vongsingha. "Active, Passive and Cyber-Physical Adaptive Façade Strategies." Journal of Facade Design and Engineering 10, no. 2 (December 6, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47982/jfde.2022.powerskin.01.

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In view of the required energy savings in the building sector, there is an urgent need for innovative and sustainable solutions to increase the performance of building envelopes. Adaptive façades can make an important contribution, whereby passive low-tech strategies and active high-tech solutions are apparently incompatible. In current digitalization, new technologies and methods for the implementation of adaptive façades emerge in the framework of Cyber-Physical Systems. The investigation follows the research question: How can active and passive approaches of adaptive façades be mediated and what potential do Cyber-Physical Systems have for the implementation of hybrid solution approaches in the future? The article presents a comparative case study of the two research projects ADAPTEX and PRÄKLIMA as examples of passive and active adaptation strategies in the façade industry. In this context, the potential for further research of Cyber-Physical Systems in the application domain of adaptive façades as a catalyst for high-performance and multifunctional solutions, and as a mediator between both strategies, is highlighted. The main findings are the potential application of cyber-physical system technologies to the design and monitoring of passive adaptive façade solutions, as well as the possible integration of passively conceptualized components into active overall systems.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Façadism'

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