Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fabric thermal performance

Academic literature on the topic 'Fabric thermal performance'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fabric thermal performance"

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Mandal, Sumit, and Guowen Song. "Characterizing thermal protective fabrics of firefighters’ clothing in hot surface contact." Journal of Industrial Textiles 47, no. 5 (August 31, 2016): 622–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083716667258.

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This study characterizes the thermal protective fabrics of firefighters’ clothing under the exposure of hot surface contact. For this, thermal protective performance of different fabrics was evaluated using a laboratory-simulated hot surface contact test, and various factors affecting the performance were statistically identified. Additionally, heat transfer mechanisms during testing were analytically and mathematically modeled. It has been found that fabric’s constructional features and properties are the key factors to affect its thermal protective performance. In this study, the presence of a thicker thermal liner in a layered fabric system resulted in higher performance; in contrast, a multi-layered fabric system incorporating a moisture barrier in its outer layer displayed the lowest performance. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that a fabric’s air permeability has a minimal impact on performance, whereas weight, thickness, and thermal resistance have a significant positive impact on performance. Based on the analytical and mathematical models developed, it was apparent that conductive heat transfer mainly occurs through fabric during testing, and this conductive heat transfer depends upon the surface roughness and thermal properties (thermal conductivity, density, and specific heat) of the tested fabric. Here, thermal contact resistance between the hot surface and fabric also plays a crucial role in the heat transfer or thermal protective performance of fabric. Moreover, the heat transfer gradually decreases across fabric thickness, which can substantially affect thermal protective performance. This study can advance the theory of textile/materials science through better understanding of heat transfer in fabrics. This understanding can help in developing an integrated knowledge of fabric properties, heat transfer through fabrics, and thermal protective performance of fabrics. The findings from this study can also assist textile/material engineers with the development of a high performance thermal protective fabric for clothing to provide better occupational safety and health for firefighters.
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Yang, Liu, Jian Zhong Yang, and Long Li. "Research on Thermal Protection Performance of Multilayer Fabrics System of Fire Clothing." Advanced Materials Research 1004-1005 (August 2014): 1432–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1004-1005.1432.

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This paper studies the fire taking multi-layer fabric thermal protection performance of the system, respectively from the single thermal protective performance of fabric and ten kinds of multilayer composite fabric through analyzing the thermal protective performance, The following conclusions: in terms of single flame retardant fabrics, for the same fabric fiber composition, the TPP value with the thickness of the fabric, square meter weight has significant positive correlation. Experimental results show that multi-layer combination of 8 # protective performance is best, flame retardant protective performance is the most suitable for fire-fighting suits fabrics.
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Afzal, Ali, Sheraz Ahmad, Abher Rasheed, Faheem Ahmad, Fatima Iftikhar, and Yasir Nawab. "Influence of Fabric Parameters on Thermal Comfort Performance of Double Layer Knitted Interlock Fabrics." Autex Research Journal 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2015-0037.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of various fabric parameters on the thermal resistance, thermal conductivity, thermal transmittance, thermal absorptivity and thermal insulation of polyester/cotton double layer knitted interlock fabrics. It was found that by increasing fibre content with higher specific heat increases the thermal insulation while decreases the thermal transmittance and absorptivity of the fabric. It was concluded that double layer knitted fabrics developed with higher specific heat fibres, coarser yarn linear densities, higher knitting loop length and fabric thickness could be adequately used for winter clothing purposes.
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Luo, Xiao Wen, Zhi Qing Shu, and Jun Li. "Comprehensive Evaluation on Performance of PSA Blended Fabrics." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.317.

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To reveal specific wearing property and principle of polysulfonamide (PSA) blended fabric, this paper aims to make a comparative study of the performance of new PSA blended fabric based on mechanical property, thermal protective performance and, at the same time, explore the performance gap between the different fabrics. Based on the gray fixed weight clustering analysis of gray system theory, several PSA blended fabric have been proved with excellent comprehensive performance, these provided a basis for the selection of thermal protective clothing fabrics.
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Chen, An, and Qian Liu. "Structural Design and Performance of Woven Electrothermal Fabric Based on Silver-Plated Filament." AATCC Journal of Research 8, no. 2_suppl (December 2021): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ajr.8.s2.16.

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Researchers used nine woven electrothermal fabrics with different structures and silver-plated filament content. Electrothermal performance was tested and analyzed to select the fabric with the best thermal stability and heating performance for additional testing of fatigue resistance. Results show that at room temperature, electrical resistance decreases with the increase of silver-plated filament content, and the nine fabrics show good thermal stability at various voltages. When the fabric is electrified, the surface temperature distribution of the satin fabric is more uniform, and the satin fabric with 10% silvered filament has the best heating effect. At 3 V, the fabric can reach 60 °C. After 200 power cycles (on and off), the fabric still has good thermal performance and good fatigue resistance. After washing, heating remains effective.
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Mahbub, Rana Faruq, Lijing Wang, Lyndon Arnold, Sinnappoo Kaneslingam, and Rajiv Padhye. "Thermal comfort properties of Kevlar and Kevlar/wool fabrics." Textile Research Journal 84, no. 19 (May 23, 2014): 2094–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517514532157.

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Recent research on ballistic vests has focused on comfort performance by enhancing thermal comfort and moisture management. Kevlar/wool fabric has been developed as a potential material for ballistic vests. This study investigates the thermal comfort properties of woven Kevlar/wool and woven Kevlar ballistic fabrics. In this context, the thermal resistance, water-vapor resistance, moisture management performance, air permeability and optical porosity of 100% Kevlar and Kevlar/wool ballistic fabrics were compared. The effects of fabric physical properties on laboratory-measured thermal comfort were analyzed. This study also presents the fabric bursting strength and tear strength for comparison. Experimental results showed a clear difference in thermal comfort properties of the two fabrics. It was found that Kevlar/wool possesses better moisture management properties and improved mechanical properties than Kevlar fabric.
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Zhang, Hui, Guowen Song, Haitao Ren, and Juan Cao. "The effects of moisture on the thermal protective performance of firefighter protective clothing under medium intensity radiant exposure." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 8 (February 1, 2017): 847–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517690620.

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Current firefighter protective clothing is composed of multilayer fabric systems. The outer shell fabrics inevitably become wet in the process of firefighters performing their duties, and sweat may also increase moisture in the inner layers of protective clothing. In this study, two kinds of outer shell fabrics (aramid IIIA fabric and aramid 1313 and flame-retardant viscose-blended fabric) and two kinds of thermal liner fabrics with different thicknesses were selected. Three wetness conditions were simulated for the outer shell fabric, thermal liner fabric and both fabrics together. A modified thermal protective performance (TPP) tester was applied to assess TPP provided by these wetted fabrics; in addition, second-degree skin burn time was predicted and absorbed energy indexes were calculated. The regression method was employed to create fitting curves for absorbed energy and second-degree burn time in different configurations and the Pearson correlation was established to analyze their relationship, in which the lowest R2 value could reach 0.9122 and p-values were all much less than 0.05. Performance results for both wet conditions indicated that outer shell moisture and a thicker thermal liner have a positive and increased negative effect, respectively, on fabric TPP. When the sample S-3-D (aramid 1313 and flame-retardant viscose-blended fabric, moisture barrier and the thin thermal liner) was both wetted in the outer shell and thermal liner, its second-degree burn time was improved by 12.8% over performance in dry conditions. These findings may have important applications for the design and manufacture of optimal protective performance clothing systems.
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Cui, Xin, Qin Fei Ke, and Guang Ming Cai. "Evaluation of Light Protective Properties of High Performance Aramid Fabrics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 551 (May 2014): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.551.28.

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The aramid fabrics have been widely used in aerospace, military and protective clothes for light radiation stability properties. The reflection and transmission properties of two kinds of materials (Kevlar 49 fabric and Kevlar 49/Nomex blended fabric) and three weaves of aramid fabrics with different wavelength spectrum were evaluated by ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV–Vis–NIR) spectrophotometer analysis. The effects of fabric layers on the reflection and transmission performances of aramid fabric were also discussed. It indicated that the aramid fabrics have good thermal and light protective properties.
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Yang, Kai, Ming Li Jiao, and Zheng Wang. "Study on the Effect of Cotton Fabric's Weight on its Dynamic Heat and Moisture Comfort Property." Advanced Materials Research 332-334 (September 2011): 763–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.332-334.763.

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A series of experiments was performed on studying the dynamic heat and moisture transferring procedure and evaluating heat and moisture comfort properties of different weight cotton fabrics. In experiments, the real time changes of temperature and relative humidity in inner and outer surfaces of different cotton fabrics were measured using self-made textile-microclimate measuring instrument. Then, the temperature and relative humidity in inner surface of fabric, and the difference of temperature and relative humidity between inner and outer surfaces of fabric were analyzed. Finally, in order to evaluate cotton fabric's dynamic heat comfort property and dynamic moisture comfort property comprehensively, two dynamic values were introduced to make evaluation. Results show that as the increase of cotton fabric's weight, fabric will have better thermal insulation performance and worse moisture permeability performance.
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Mandal, Sumit, Simon Annaheim, Andre Capt, Jemma Greve, Martin Camenzind, and René M. Rossi. "A categorization tool for fabric systems used in firefighters' clothing based on their thermal protective and thermo-physiological comfort performances." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 16 (October 31, 2018): 3244–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518809055.

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Fabric systems used in firefighters' thermal protective clothing should offer optimal thermal protective and thermo-physiological comfort performances. However, fabric systems that have very high thermal protective performance have very low thermo-physiological comfort performance. As these performances are inversely related, a categorization tool based on these two performances can help to find the best balance between them. Thus, this study is aimed at developing a tool for categorizing fabric systems used in protective clothing. For this, a set of commercially available fabric systems were evaluated and categorized. The thermal protective and thermo-physiological comfort performances were measured by standard tests and indexed into a normalized scale between 0 (low performance) and 1 (high performance). The indices dataset was first divided into three clusters by using the k-means algorithm. Here, each cluster had a centroid representing a typical Thermal Protective Performance Index (TPPI) value and a typical Thermo-physiological Comfort Performance Index (TCPI) value. By using the ISO 11612:2015 and EN 469:2014 guidelines related to the TPPI requirements, the clustered fabric systems were divided into two groups: Group 1 (high thermal protective performance-based fabric systems) and Group 2 (low thermal protective performance-based fabric systems). The fabric systems in each of these TPPI groups were further categorized based on the typical TCPI values obtained from the k-means clustering algorithm. In this study, these categorized fabric systems showed either high or low thermal protective performance with low, medium, or high thermo-physiological comfort performance. Finally, a tool for using these categorized fabric systems was prepared and presented graphically. The allocations of the fabric systems within the categorization tool have been verified based on their properties (e.g., thermal resistance, weight, evaporative resistance) and construction parameters (e.g., woven, nonwoven, layers), which significantly affect the performance. In this way, we identified key characteristics among the categorized fabric systems which can be used to upgrade or develop high-performance fabric systems. Overall, the categorization tool developed in this study could help clothing manufacturers or textile engineers select and/or develop appropriate fabric systems with maximum thermal protective performance and thermo-physiological comfort performance. Thermal protective clothing manufactured using this type of newly developed fabric system could provide better occupational health and safety for firefighters.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fabric thermal performance"

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Jack, Richard. "Building diagnostics : practical measurement of the fabric thermal performance of houses." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/19274.

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This thesis is concerned with measuring the fabric thermal performance of houses. This is important because the evidence shows that predictions of performance, based upon a summation of expected elemental performance, are prone to significant inaccuracy and in-situ performance is invariably worse than expected the so-called performance gap . Accurate knowledge of the thermal performance of houses could cause a shift in the way that houses are built, retrofitted and managed. It would enable quality-assurance of newly-built and retrofitted houses, driving an improvement in the energy performance of the housing stock. The current barrier to achieving these benefits is that existing measurement methods are impractically invasive for use on a mass-scale. The aim of this research is to address this issue by developing non-invasive fabric thermal performance measurement methods for houses. The co-heating test is currently the most used method for measuring whole-house fabric thermal performance; it is used to measure the Heat Loss Coefficient (HLC) of a house, which is a measure of the rate of heat loss with units of Watts per degree Kelvin. It has been used extensively in a research context, but its more widespread use has been limited. This is due to a lack of confidence in the accuracy of its results and the test s invasiveness (the house must be vacant for two weeks during testing, which has so far been limited to the winter months, and testing cannot be carried out in newly-built houses for a period of approximately one year due to the drying out period). To build confidence in the results of co-heating testing, the precision with which test results can be reported was determined by the combination of a sensitivity analysis to quantify measurement errors, and an analysis of the reproducibility of the test. Reproducibility refers to the precision of a measurement when test results are obtained in different locations, with different operators and equipment. The analysis of the reproducibility of the test was based upon a direct comparison of seven co-heating tests carried out by different teams in a single building. This is the first such analysis and therefore provides a uniquely powerful analysis of the co-heating test. The reproducibility and sensitivity analyses showed that, provided best practise data collection and analysis methods are followed, the HLC measured by a co-heating test can be reported with an uncertainty of ± 10%. The sensitivity analysis identified solar heat gains as the largest source of measurement error in co-heating tests. In response, a new approach for co-heating data collection and analysis, called the facade solar gain estimation method, has been developed and successfully demonstrated. This method offers a clear advancement upon existing analysis methods, which were shown to be prone to inaccuracy due to inappropriate statistical assumptions. The facade method allowed co-heating tests to be carried out with accuracy during the summer months, which has not previously been considered feasible. The demonstration of the facade method included a direct comparison against other reported methods for estimating solar gains. The comparison was carried out for co-heating tests undertaken in three buildings, with testing taking place in different seasons (winter, summer, and spring or autumn) in each case. This comparison provides a unique analysis of the ability of the different solar gain estimation methods to return accurate measurements of a house s HLC in a wide variety of weather conditions. Building on these results, a testing method was developed: the Loughborough In-Use Heat Balance (LIUHB). The LIUHB is a non-invasive measurement method, designed and tested in this study, which can measure the HLC of a house with an accuracy of ± 15% while it is occupied and used as normal. Measurements of energy consumption and internal temperature are discreetly collected over a period of three weeks, and combined with data collected at a local weather station to inform an energy balance, from which the HLC is calculated. This low impact monitoring approach removes the barriers to fabric thermal performance testing on a mass scale. The LIUHB has been successfully demonstrated in several comparative trials versus a baseline measurement provided by the co-heating test. The trials have included the application of extreme examples of synthetic occupancy conditions, testing in an occupied house, and quantification of the effects of a retrofit. Subject to further validation, the LIUHB has the potential to deliver many of the benefits associated with mass-scale measurement and quality assurance of housing performance.
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Prado, Monica Faria de Almeida. "Conforto térmico nos edifícios das indústrias de calçados de Jaú." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/102/102131/tde-28022013-104203/.

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Este trabalho aborda o desempenho térmico obtido em edifícios industriais do setor calçadista, perante a importância em obter condições ambientais favoráveis à execução das atividades através de uma arquitetura adequada ao contexto climático. Assim, o objetivo nesta pesquisa é avaliar as condições de conforto térmico oferecidas pelos edifícios das indústrias calçadistas do município de Jaú, um importante pólo industrial do setor no interior de São Paulo. Caracterizam-se as tipologias construtivas dos edifícios quanto à geometria, materiais e sistema de ventilação. As estratégias passivas para obtenção de conforto térmico nos galpões fabris são identificadas e avaliadas utilizando as recomendações presentes na NBR 15220. Para avaliar as condições de conforto térmico, foram medidas as variáveis ambientais, sendo que a temperatura foi analisada sob condições de aceitabilidade térmica, conforme estabelecido pela ASHRAE 55-2010. Para estimar a sensação térmica dos usuários, são utilizados os índices PMV e PPD. Também foi aplicado um questionário para verificar o nível de satisfação dos funcionários com o ambiente de trabalho. Os resultados apontam que a maioria dos edifícios apresenta uma tipologia semelhante, com geometria retangular e ventilação realizada através de esquadrias nas fachadas. A ausência de diversas estratégias passivas resulta em um edifício com baixa inércia térmica e vulnerável às condições climáticas externas, sendo que em períodos quentes a temperatura interna foi superior a 30ºC, e em períodos frios inferior a 15ºC. A sensação térmica dos usuários na maior parte do período do expediente corresponde ao desconforto térmico para o calor, principalmente no período vespertino, sendo que a porcentagem de insatisfeitos ultrapassa 80%. Deste modo, há necessidade de otimizar a adoção de estratégias passivas, para proporcionar melhores condições térmicas de trabalho. Para isto, são indicadas soluções simples, que propiciam melhorias ao desempenho térmico dos edifícios, exemplificando: o uso de sistemas que possibilitem o resfriamento evaporativo e ampliação das áreas de aberturas destinadas à ventilação do edifício.
This paper discusses the thermal performance obtained in industrial buildings in the footwear sector, given the importance of obtaining favorable environmental conditions for the execution of activities through an architecture suited to the climate context. Thus, the objective of this research is to evaluate the thermal comfort conditions provided by the buildings of the footwear industries of Jaú city, an important industrial pole. It is characterized the typologies of building\'s construction regarding its geometry, materials and ventilation system. The passive strategies for achieving thermal comfort in the factory sheds are identified and evaluated using the recommendations present in the NBR 15220. To evaluate the thermal comfort conditions it was measured the environmental variables, and the temperature was examined under conditions of thermal acceptability, as established by ASHRAE 55-2010. In order to estimate the thermal sensation of the users, the PMV and PPD indices were used. Also, a questionnaire was applied in order to check the level of employee satisfaction with the working environment. The results show that most of the buildings presents a typology similar with a rectangular geometry and ventilation obtained through frames at the facades. The absence of different passive strategies results in a building with a low thermal inertia and vulnerable to the external weather conditions, and in hot periods, the internal temperature was above 30°C, and during colder periods it was lower than 15°C. The thermal sensation of users in most of the period of the working shift matches the thermal discomfort to the heat, especially in the afternoon, and the percentage of discontentment exceeds 80%. This way, there is a need to optimize the adoption of passive strategies, to provide better thermal conditions of work. For this purpose, simple solutions that provide improvements to the thermal performance of buildings are given, examples: the use of systems which allows evaporative cooling and expansion of openings areas for the ventilation of the building.
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TSAI, CHIA-HUNG, and 蔡家弘. "A Study on the Thermal Performance of Fabric Garden as the Vertical Greenery." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04461288100524688733.

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碩士
輔英科技大學
環境工程與科學系碩士班
105
The rise in extreme weather events globally in recent years has not only led to drastic rises in summer temperatures in Taiwan, but also higher temperatures in spring and fall. Due to urbanization and dense populations, Taiwan has witnessed a stronger urban heat island effect than neighboring countries. A substantial body of research has shown that the vertical greening system used in modern architectures may be highly beneficial to heat insulation and reduction of indoor temperatures. Other recommendations include increasing urban green areas, reducing urban heat island effect, improving bio-diversity in cities, cleansing air quality and furnishing the façade of a city. Among vertical greening approaches, fabric gardening is a medium with many notable advantages, such as high durability, variety in design, and low maintenance. It is also environmentally friendly as it involves recycled materials. This paper focuses on the potential of fabric gardening to improve heat insulation in vertical greening systems. This study first conducts a simulated experiment to compare the cooling effects of fabric gardening versus other vertical greening systems. Then we conducted an on-site investigation in Chiayi Industry Innovation Center by twice measuring the building’s temperatures, each lasting for a week. Results indicate that the temperature of the indoor wall was on average 0.9℃lower than the atmospheric temperature at the fabric garden. The temperature difference between the atmospheric temperature and indoor wall was 10.5℃and 2.8℃, respectively. Heat transmission was reduced by 73%. This indicates that fabric gardening holds much potential for application in systems aimed at heat insulation and air temperature regulation.
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Ding, Dan. "Characterizing the Performance of a Single-layer Fabric System through a Heat and Mass Transfer Model." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/906.

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A mathematical model is developed to study the coupled heat and moisture transfer through a fabric system that consists of a single layer of fabric and an air gap. Properties of air and moisture are sensitive to temperature and hence are assumed to be functions of local temperature. Therefore the model is applicable to a broad range of boundary conditions. A numerical scheme is proposed to solve the distributions of temperature and moisture concentration throughout the layers, from which the thermal and evaporative resistances of the fabric system can be evaluated. Experiments are conducted for two particular fabrics using a sweating guarded hotplate, and the data show good agreement with the model predictions. Using this model, the effects of parameters in environmental conditions, air gap and material properties on the thermal and evaporative resistances are studied. This work provides fundamental basis for the optimization of garment fit and material properties to achieve good performance for the clothing system.
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Silva, Eva Carolina Ferreira da. "Thermal performance of additive manufacturing materials for hybrid moulds." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/65006.

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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia de Polímeros
Hybrid moulds are an increasingly considered alternative for prototype series or short production runs, where the moulding inserts are produced by Additive Manufacturing (AM) in alternative materials, namely polymers. However, one of the main issues associated with the use of these materials is their thermal behaviour due, mainly, to the low thermal conductivity values. This study aims to evaluate the thermal performance of moulding inserts produced via Rapid Prototyping (RP) and conventional manufacturing techniques as well as the resulting moulded part quality, supported by Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) simulations results, through Moldex3D software. The first part of this research was centered on the analysis and characterization of eight different materials from three different technologies (Material Jetting, Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) and Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS)) in order to define the suitable materials to apply in hybrid moulds. Therefore this first investigation permitted to narrow the Additive Manufacturing (AM) materials to just two polymeric materials that were further studied. Three insert materials and technologies were evaluated: Objet500 Connex3 using Digital ABS Thin Walls, Fortus 900mc using PPSF and machining using P20 steel. Dimensional accuracy, temperatures along the cycles, longevity of the moulding inserts, part quality and shrinkage behaviour of Polyoxymethylene (POM) mouldings were recorded. In the end, it was found that PPSF moulding inserts had worse surface finishing than Digital ABS Thin Walls, which originated parts with worse quality. However, Digital ABS Thin Walls was suitable for this application and using spray air as a complement of cooling decreased significantly the cycle time and had not any consequences in the shrinkage of the moulded parts.
Os moldes híbridos são uma alternativa cada vez mais procurada para a produção de protótipos ou séries curtas, onde os insertos moldantes são produzidos por manufatura aditiva, em materiais alternativos, nomeadamente polímeros. No entanto, uma das principais questões associadas ao uso destes materiais é a sua performance térmica, principalmente ao nível da condutividade. Este estudo pretende não só avaliar e comparar a performance térmica de insertos moldantes produzidos por prototipagem rápida e por técnicas de maquinação convencionais, como também a qualidade da peça resultante. Estes resultados foram validados por simulações CAE, através do software Moldex3D. Assim, numa primeira fase, a pesquisa focou-se em analisar e caracterizar oito materiais distintos, de três tecnologias distintas (Material Jetting, FDM e DMLS) para aplicação em moldes híbridos. Estes resultados permitiram selecionar dois materiais poliméricos de manufatura aditiva, que continuaram a ser estudados. Posteriormente, foram avaliadas três tecnologias e materiais: Objet500 Connex3 com Digital ABS Thin Walls, Fortus 900mc com PPSF e maquinação convencional com aço P20, ao nível da precisão dimensional, temperaturas ao longo dos ciclos e longevidade dos insertos moldantes e a qualidade e contração das peças produzidas em POM. No final, observou-se que os insertos moldantes em PPSF tiveram pior acabamento superficial, o que originou peças com pior qualidade do que usando Digital ABS Thin Walls. Contudo, este último mostrou-se uma boa solução para aplicação em moldes híbridos e usar ar comprimido como complemento de arrefecimento diminui significativamente o tempo de ciclo, não trazendo consequências na contração das moldações.
This work was funded by National Funds through FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, Reference UID/CTM/50025/2013 and FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020 Programme under the project number POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007688 and by the European Structural and Investment Funds in the FEDER component, through the Operational Competitiveness and Internationalization Programme (COMPETE 2020) [Project nº 002814; Funding Reference: POCI-01-0247-FEDER-002814 and Project nº 002797; Funding Reference: POCI-01-0247-FEDER-002797].
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Books on the topic "Fabric thermal performance"

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ASTM Committee F-18 on Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers., ed. ASTM standards for determining the ignitability and arc thermal performance of clothing for use by workers exposed to thermal hazards of momentary electric arcs. West Conshohocken, Pa: ASTM, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fabric thermal performance"

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Su, Yun, Rui Li, Jie Yang, Guowen Song, Chunhui Xiang, and Jun Li. "Effect of Fabric Deformation on Thermal Protective Performance of Clothing in a Cylindrical Configuration." In Symposium on Homeland Security and Public Safety: Research, Applications and Standards, 271–85. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp161420180059.

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Marsden, William H. "Thermal Performance of Wool and Inherently Flame-Retardant Fiber-Blend Fabrics." In ACS Symposium Series, 260–69. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1991-0457.ch016.

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Pierce, John D., Stephen S. Hirsch, Sara Beth Kane, John A. Venafro, and Carole A. Winterhalter. "Evaluation of Thermal Comfort of Fabrics Using a Controlled-Environment Chamber." In Performance of Protective Clothing and Equipment: 9thVolume, Emerging Issues and Technologies, 108–28. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp104100.

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Pierce, John D., Stephen S. Hirsch, Sara Beth Kane, John A. Venafro, and Carole A. Winterhalter. "Evaluation of Thermal Comfort of Fabrics Using a Controlled-Environment Chamber." In Performance of Protective Clothing and Equipment: 9thVolume, Emerging Issues and Technologies, 1–21. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp104100t.

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Fitek, John, Margaret Auerbach, Thomas A. Godfrey, and Michael Grady. "High-Intensity Thermal Testing of Protective Fabrics with a CO2 Laser." In Performance of Protective Clothing and Equipment: 10th Volume, Risk Reduction Through Research and Testing, 159–77. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp159320160004.

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Meulemans, Johann, Florent Alzetto, David Farmer, and Christopher Gorse. "QUB/e: A Novel Transient Experimental Method for in situ Measurements of the Thermal Performance of Building Fabrics." In Building Information Modelling, Building Performance, Design and Smart Construction, 115–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50346-2_9.

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Torvi, David, Moein Rezazadeh, and Christopher Bespflug. "Effects of Convective and Radiative Heat Sources on Thermal Response of Single- and Multiple-Layer Protective Fabrics in Benchtop Tests." In Performance of Protective Clothing and Equipment: 10th Volume, Risk Reduction Through Research and Testing, 131–58. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp159320160013.

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Meulemans, Johann. "An Assessment of the QUB/e Method for Fast In Situ Measurements of the Thermal Performance of Building Fabrics in Cold Climates." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 317–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00662-4_27.

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Ueda, Hiroyuki, and George Havenith. "The effect of fabric air permeability on clothing ventilation." In Environmental Ergonomics - The Ergonomics of Human Comfort, Health and Performance in the Thermal Environment, 343–46. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1572-347x(05)80054-0.

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Canan Çelikel, Dilan. "Smart E-Textile Materials." In Advanced Functional Materials. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92439.

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Smart textiles are one of the areas that provides added value to textile materials. It is a sector that has been developed with new technologies, new fibers, and textile materials. The production of smart or intelligent textiles cooperate with other branches of science like nanotechnology, materials science, design, electronics, and computer engineering, etc. Smart textiles are classified into three groups as passive smart textiles, active smart textiles and ultra smart textiles according to their performance characteristics. Passive smart textiles are the first generation of smart textiles and sense the external conditions; for instance, UV protecting clothing, conductive fibers, etc. As active smart textiles respond to external conditions, ultra smart textiles sense, react, and adopt themselves to conditions. Shape memory materials, chromic materials, heat storage, and thermo-regulated fabrics are the typical applications of active smart textiles.
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Conference papers on the topic "Fabric thermal performance"

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Eshleman, Justin E., Robert A. Lake, and Ronald A. Coutu. "Enhancing the thermal performance of temporary fabric structures for the advanced energy efficient shelter system." In 2016 IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON) and Ohio Innovation Summit (OIS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/naecon.2016.7856819.

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Li, Yunhong, Sun Xiaogang, Yunhong Li, Lian Jihong, and Liu Sa. "Research on Heat Conduction Performance of Carbon-Fibre Fabric based on Infrared Thermal Imaging Technology." In 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling Workshop. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/kamw.2008.4810419.

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Vilarinho, Maria Cândida, Paulo Araújo, José Carlos Teixeira, Elisabete Silva, Dionisio Silveira, Delfim Soares, Maria C. Paiva, Daniel Ribeiro, and Marisa Branco. "Influence of Coating on High Performance Heat Resistant Textile Curtains." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-73307.

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Abstract The protection of human life and goods assumes a growing concern in all forms of activities. The fire and smoke curtains act as a physical barrier to prevent the fire from spreading between spaces as well as to staunch the smoke and heat transfer to adjacent areas, while causing minimal interference. Usually, curtains are based on fiber structures that can be coated to enhance their protective capabilities. Also, the fiber structure can be developed into a complex pattern of 2D and 3D threads, with single or multiple materials that can be tailored to optimize its behavior. The thermal and fire protection depends on the fibers, fabric pattern and coatings. The present paper reports the development of novel coated structures of fibers used for fire protection curtains. Basalt and glass fibers are used as yarn materials. Following the certification standards the samples were assessed for their thermal resistance by measuring the temperature differential they provide while their integrity is evaluated. The sample is placed under stress in an attempt to mimic its own weight effect when in service. The temperature is monitored using thermocouples which are placed at both sides of the fabric and the integrity parameter is assessed through the occurrence of fabric rupture and smoke and/or odor release motivated by its deterioration. Regarding the uncoated samples, the one composed of glass-fiber in both directions presents the best thermal performance. The addition of an alumina coating significantly improves the performance of all samples. However, while a thinner (0.05 μm) alumina layer provides better results for the sample with glass-fiber in both warp and weft directions, the behavior of samples composed of glass-fiber and basalt is superior when a thicker (0.3 μm) alumina layer is used. In both cases, an alumina coating application results in an increase of the gradient temperature (between curtain inside/outside temperatures) of about 38.0% (310.0 °C vs. 427.0 °C for the first and 386.0 °C vs. 526.0 °C for the latter.
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Sahay, Chittaranjan, Suhash Ghosh, and Mathew Mormino. "Effect of Air Release Agents on Performance Results of Fabric Lined Bushings." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24464.

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Abstract A configuration of a plain (sliding) bearing system is the use of a reinforced fabric comprising a woven structure of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and other fibers integrated with a phenolic resin system used to both encapsulate the fibrous materials and provide adhesion to metallic and other substrates. This construction promotes dimensional stability and improves thermal conductivity. These PTFE linings offer exceptionally low coefficient friction. The bushing is recommended for high loads when combined with low surface speeds. These fully self-lubricating bushings offer good contamination resistance, no stick-slip and excellent cold flow resistance. This technique has shown longer life of 7 to 10 times that of standard steel-backed, bronze-sintered and PTFE overlay. Proprietary self-lubricating PTFE fibers are applied directly to the steel. This polytetrafluoroethylene is woven onsite and applied directly to the steel. The woven liner is compressible and able to absorb distortions in mating surfaces. PTFE fabrics processed with phenolic resins can entrap air within the cured fabric liner. The entrapped air has the potential to affect bearing performance by reduction of bonding area and reduction in load carrying capabilities. Air release agents can be used to limit the amount of air entrapment within the liner system. The intent of this research is to determine what, if any, affect the addition of commercially available air release agents would have on PTFE bearing performance. Experimental wear testing at various static and dynamic bearing conditions with and without contamination (de-ice fluid), including at high temperature (325°F) were conducted on eighteen specimens. Peel strength test were also conducted. All these tests were conducted based on prevalent industry standards. Parameters of static load resistance (deflection and permanent set) and loaded torque were found to be unaffected by the use of an air release agent when compared to baseline articles manufactured without such air releasing agents. Results showed that by integration of a commercially available air release agent into the processing of a PTFE based, phenolic resin bearing liner system, one can reduce variability and help stabilize wear performance. Specimens prepared with air release agent showed improved oscillation (fatigue) test results. Further, air release agent also resulted in a 35% increase in peel strength performance when tested per industry standard methods. Contamination with de-ice fluid showed no negative performance results. While the investigations here used only one ratio of additive among all tested bearings, but other concentrations are possible. Authors would like to pursue additional studies in future to determine the amount of air release agent that can reliably be added to remove the maximum air release without affecting the overall bearing performance. By finding this, a threshold of additive can also be determined.
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Hull, Frazier, Jett Gambill, Andrew Hansche, Gian Agni, John Evangelista, Celia Powell, Margaret Auerbach, Joel Dillon, and O¨zer Arnas. "Engineering an Undergarment for Flash/Flame Protection." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63888.

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This paper presents a continuation of projects spanning the last two years. In year one, the physical characteristics and medical effects of burns and Improvised Explosive Device, IED, blasts were investigated [1]. In year two, the possible use of commercial intumescent materials with fabric was studied [2]. The identified needs for research into the effect of undergarments on burn protection are focused in this study. Additionally, Thermal Protective Performance, TPP-(ISO 17492) and Air Permeability, AP-(ASTM D737) tests were performed to gather the data needed for the analysis of flame and thermal resistance as well as comfort and breathability. Out of the seven samples evaluated, the Sample D, composed of 94% m-aramid, 5% p-aramid and 1% static dissipative fiber, shirt had the best overall performance in terms of air permeability, average TPP rating, and time to second degree burn. Another finding was that polyester undershirts may be dangerous in the event of a flash fire situation because the fabric could melt and stick to the Soldier’s skin causing more severe burn injury. Additionally, an initial framework for a basic mathematical model representing the system was created. This model can be further refined to yield more accurate results and eventually be used to help predict the material properties required in fabrics to design a more protective undergarment.
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Saad, Messiha, Darryl Baker, and Rhys Reaves. "Thermal Characterization of Carbon-Carbon Composites." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64061.

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Thermal properties of materials such as specific heat, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity are very important in the engineering design process and analysis of aerospace vehicles as well as space systems. These properties are also important in power generation, transportation, and energy storage devices including fuel cells and solar cells. Thermal conductivity plays a critical role in the performance of materials in high temperature applications. Thermal conductivity is the property that determines the working temperature levels of the material, and it is an important parameter in problems involving heat transfer and thermal structures. The objective of this research is to develop thermal properties data base for carbon-carbon and graphitized carbon-carbon composite materials. The carbon-carbon composites tested were produced by the Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) process using T300 2-D carbon fabric and Primaset PT-30 cyanate ester. The graphitized carbon-carbon composite was heat treated to 2500°C. The flash method was used to measure the thermal diffusivity of the materials; this method is based on America Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM E1461 standard. In addition, the differential scanning calorimeter was used in accordance with the ASTM E1269 standard to determine the specific heat. The thermal conductivity was determined using the measured values of their thermal diffusivity, specific heat, and the density of the materials.
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Eschen, Kevin, and Julianna Abel. "Effect of Geometric Design Parameters on Contractile SMA Knitted Actuator Performance." In ASME 2017 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2017-3926.

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Shape memory alloy (SMA) knitted actuators are a type of functional fabric that uses shape memory alloy wire as an active fiber within a knitted textile. Through intentional design of the SMA knitted actuator geometry, various two- and three-dimensional actuation motions, such as scrolling and contraction [1], can be accomplished. Contractile SMA knitted actuators leverage the unique thermo-mechanical properties of SMA wires by integrating them within the hierarchical knitted structure to achieve large distributed uniaxial contractions and variable stiffness behavior upon thermal actuation. During the knit manufacturing process, the SMA wire is bent into a network of interlacing adjacent loops, storing potential energy within the contractile SMA knitted actuator. Thermal actuation above the wire-specific austenite finish temperature leads to a partial recovery of the bending deformations, resulting in large distributed uniaxial contraction (15–40% actuation contraction observed) of the SMA knitted actuator. The achievable load capacity and %-actuation contraction are dependent on the geometric loop parameters of the contractile SMA knitted actuator. While exact descriptions of the geometric loop parameters exist, a reduction of the geometric complexity is advantageous for high-level contractile SMA knitted actuator design procedures. This paper defines a simple geometric measure, the non-dimensional knit density, and experimentally correlates the contractile SMA knitted actuator performance to this measure. The experimentally demonstrated dependency of relevant actuator metrics on the knit density and the wire diameter, suggests the usability of the simplified geometry definition for a high-level contractile SMA knitted actuator design.
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Leonhardt, Darin, Thomas Beechem, Matthew Cannon, Nathaniel Dodds, Matthew Fellows, Thomas Grzybowski, Gad Haase, Thomas LeBoeuf, David Lee, and William Rice. "Impacts of Substrate Thinning on FPGA Performance and Reliability." In ISTFA 2021. ASM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2021p0423.

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Abstract Global thinning is a technique that enables backside failure analysis and radiation testing. In some devices, it can also lead to increased thresholds for single-event latchup and upset. In this study, we examine the impacts of global thinning on 28 nm node FPGAs. Test devices are thinned to 50, 10, and 3 μm via CNC milling. Lattice damage, in the form of dislocations, extends about 1 μm below the surface, but is removed by polishing with colloidal SiO2. As shown by finite-element modeling, thinning increases compressive global stress in the Si while solder bumps (in flip-chip packages) increase stress locally. The results are confirmed by stress measurements obtained through Raman spectroscopy, although more complex models are needed to account for nonlinear effects in devices thinned to 3 μm and heated to 125°C. Thermal imaging shows that increased local heating occurs with increased thinning, but the maximum temperature difference across the 3-μm die is less than 2°C. Ring oscillators throughout the FPGA fabric slow about 0.5% after thinning and another 0.5% when heated to 125°C, which is attributed to stress changes in the Si.
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Li, Jiawen, Mingyi Chen, Li Li, Feng Liu, Yufei Gao, Jian Zhu, Jie Zhan, et al. "Preparation and Characterization of Radioactive Aerosol Protective Nanofiber Membranes." In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-92665.

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Abstract Radioactive aerosols are highly hazardous aerosols containing radionuclides. Inhalation of radioactive aerosols can lead to serious internal exposure hazards to human body. If discharged without proper treatment, it will also harm the working environment and even the ecological environment. Therefore, radioactive aerosol protection is a significant part of environmental protection and personnel protection in the nuclear field. However, majority of existing protective fabrics for radioactive aerosol filtration always meet the trade-off among filtration capacity, mechanical properties and air permeability. In this study, nanofiber layers were prepared by electrospinning technology using TPU, PVDF, PVA polymer materials and electret materials SiO2 as spinning materials. Composite membranes, prepared by coating different nanofiber layers on the PET non-woven fabrics substrate, were investigated. The results show that the 12wt% TPU nanofiber membrane has a three-dimensional spatial hierarchical structure. Its ultra-fine fiber diameter with small pore size greatly enhances the PM capture ability (PM0.3 filtration efficiency 99.99%); and the beaded spatial structure is beneficial to reduce the air resistance to 299 Pa (flow rate 95 L/min). Meanwhile, TPU nanofiber membrane has high extensibility, and it is superior to PVDF and PVA composite membranes in mechanical properties after thermal compounding. Appropriate content of SiO2 can improve filtration performance. The study shed light on developing electrospun nanofiber for radioactive aerosol protection, which can be used in the purification of ambient air in nuclear facilities, or as a high-performance fabric for radioactive aerosol protective clothing.
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Mneimneh, Farah, Nesreen Ghaddar, Kamel Ghali, Charbel Moussalem, and Ibrahim Omeis. "Modeling the Effect of Cooling Vest on Body Thermal Response of People With Paraplegia During Exercise." In ASME 2019 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2019 13th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2019-3474.

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Abstract Persons with thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI), also named as people with paraplegia (PA), are encouraged to participate in sport activities for sake of improving their quality of life and health. Yet, heat strain is a major consequence of SCI after which the body loses its ability to regulate its temperature. Disruption in body temperature regulation and instability in core temperature (Tcr) endangers the patient health especially when subjected to extreme ambient conditions or high level of physical activity. Since thermophysiology is disrupted after SCI, using conventional personal cooling methods may not be effective on PA in a way similar to that of able-bodied people (AB). Experimental studies evaluated the effect of phase change material (PCM) and ice cooling vests on thermal response of PA during exercise. Results showed no change in Tcr values for both types of vest during exercise. This study aims at studying the effectiveness of PCM cooling vest for PA during exercise at intensity level of 6.5 MET within 21.1–23.9 °C room temperature and 50% relative humidity. A multi-segmented bioheat model of PA coupled with PCM cooling vest model (fabric-PCM-PA model) was deployed to predict Tcr values at different design conditions of the vest. Segmental core and skin temperatures profiles and the sensible and latent heat losses were obtained for torso segments to assess the percentage of enhancement in the cooling vest performance. Results showed that Tcr value of the body and Tcr values of the torso segments didn’t change at different design conditions of the vest; yet sensible heat losses were increased for all torso segments and latent heat losses were reduced. Decreases in latent heat losses affected Tsk values at the torso. Simulations were performed using fabric-PCM model integrated with PA bioheat model applying variation of skin coverage area, melting point of PCM and combination of both designs. An effective design of the vest for PA was found when using PCM packet at 10°C melting point and coverage area about 40% of torso because sensible heat losses were the highest compared to the other design cases of the vest.
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Reports on the topic "Fabric thermal performance"

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Kukuck, Scott, and Kuldeep Prasad. Thermal performance for fire-fighters' protective clothing. 3. simulating a TPP test for single-layered fabrics. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6993.

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Conroy, Brittany, Tyler Klene, Luke Koppa, and Juyeon Park. Thermo-Physiological Comfort Assessment of Performance Cooling Fabrics in Medical Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-321.

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