Relevant bibliographies by topics / Eye Movement Measurements

Academic literature on the topic 'Eye Movement Measurements'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Eye Movement Measurements"

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KONOSU, Tsutomu, and Tadahiko FUKUDA. "Eye movement measurements SFC symposium." Japanese journal of ergonomics 30, no. 1 (1994): 57–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.30.57.

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Lee, Youngkeun, Yadav Sunil Kumar, Daehyeon Lee, Jihee Kim, Junggwon Kim, Jisang Yoo, and Soonchul Kwon. "An Extended Method for Saccadic Eye Movement Measurements Using a Head-Mounted Display." Healthcare 8, no. 2 (April 21, 2020): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8020104.

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Saccadic eye movement is an important ability in our daily life and is especially important in driving and sports. Traditionally, the Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test and the King–Devick (K-D) test have been used to measure saccadic eye movement, but these only involve measurements with “adjusted time”. Therefore, a different approach is required to obtain the eye movement speed and reaction rate in detail, as some are rapid eye movements, while others are slow actions, and vice versa. This study proposed an extended method that can acquire the “rest time” and “transfer time”, as well as the “adjusted time”, by implementing a virtual reality-based DEM test, using a FOVE virtual reality (VR) head-mounted display (HMD), equipped with an eye-tracking module. This approach was tested in 30 subjects with normal vision and no ophthalmologic disease by using a 2-diopter (50-cm) distance. This allowed for measurements of the “adjusted time” and the “rest time” for focusing on each target number character, the “transfer time” for moving to the next target number character, and recording of the gaze-tracking log. The results of this experiment showed that it was possible to analyze more parameters of the saccadic eye movement with the proposed method than with the traditional methods.
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Souto, David, Jayesha Chudasama, Dirk Kerzel, and Alan Johnston. "Motion integration is anisotropic during smooth pursuit eye movements." Journal of Neurophysiology 121, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 1787–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00591.2018.

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Smooth pursuit eye movements (pursuit) are used to minimize the retinal motion of moving objects. During pursuit, the pattern of motion on the retina carries not only information about the object movement but also reafferent information about the eye movement itself. The latter arises from the retinal flow of the stationary world in the direction opposite to the eye movement. To extract the global direction of motion of the tracked object and stationary world, the visual system needs to integrate ambiguous local motion measurements (i.e., the aperture problem). Unlike the tracked object, the stationary world’s global motion is entirely determined by the eye movement and thus can be approximately derived from motor commands sent to the eye (i.e., from an efference copy). Because retinal motion opposite to the eye movement is dominant during pursuit, different motion integration mechanisms might be used for retinal motion in the same direction and opposite to pursuit. To investigate motion integration during pursuit, we tested direction discrimination of a brief change in global object motion. The global motion stimulus was a circular array of small static apertures within which one-dimensional gratings moved. We found increased coherence thresholds and a qualitatively different reflexive ocular tracking for global motion opposite to pursuit. Both effects suggest reduced sampling of motion opposite to pursuit, which results in an impaired ability to extract coherence in motion signals in the reafferent direction. We suggest that anisotropic motion integration is an adaptation to asymmetric retinal motion patterns experienced during pursuit eye movements. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study provides a new understanding of how the visual system achieves coherent perception of an object’s motion while the eyes themselves are moving. The visual system integrates local motion measurements to create a coherent percept of object motion. An analysis of perceptual judgments and reflexive eye movements to a brief change in an object’s global motion confirms that the visual and oculomotor systems pick fewer samples to extract global motion opposite to the eye movement.
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Destyanto, Twin Yoshua R., and Ray F. Lin. "Evaluating the Effectiveness of Complexity Features of Eye Movement on Computer Activities Detection." Healthcare 10, no. 6 (May 31, 2022): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10061016.

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Recently, tools developed for detecting human activities have been quite prominent in contributing to health issue prevention and long-term healthcare. For this occasion, the current study aimed to evaluate the performance of eye-movement complexity features (from multi-scale entropy analysis) compared to eye-movement conventional features (from basic statistical measurements) on detecting daily computer activities, comprising reading an English scientific paper, watching an English movie-trailer video, and typing English sentences. A total of 150 students participated in these computer activities. The participants’ eye movements were captured using a desktop eye-tracker (GP3 HD Gazepoint™ Canada) while performing the experimental tasks. The collected eye-movement data were then processed to obtain 56 conventional and 550 complexity features of eye movement. A statistic test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), was performed to screen these features, which resulted in 45 conventional and 379 complexity features. These eye-movement features with four combinations were used to build 12 AI models using Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, and Random Forest (RF). The comparisons of the models showed the superiority of complexity features (85.34% of accuracy) compared to conventional features (66.98% of accuracy). Furthermore, screening eye-movement features using ANOVA enhances 2.29% of recognition accuracy. This study proves the superiority of eye-movement complexity features.
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Gruters, Kurtis G., David L. K. Murphy, Cole D. Jenson, David W. Smith, Christopher A. Shera, and Jennifer M. Groh. "The eardrums move when the eyes move: A multisensory effect on the mechanics of hearing." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 6 (January 23, 2018): E1309—E1318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1717948115.

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Interactions between sensory pathways such as the visual and auditory systems are known to occur in the brain, but where they first occur is uncertain. Here, we show a multimodal interaction evident at the eardrum. Ear canal microphone measurements in humans (n = 19 ears in 16 subjects) and monkeys (n = 5 ears in three subjects) performing a saccadic eye movement task to visual targets indicated that the eardrum moves in conjunction with the eye movement. The eardrum motion was oscillatory and began as early as 10 ms before saccade onset in humans or with saccade onset in monkeys. These eardrum movements, which we dub eye movement-related eardrum oscillations (EMREOs), occurred in the absence of a sound stimulus. The amplitude and phase of the EMREOs depended on the direction and horizontal amplitude of the saccade. They lasted throughout the saccade and well into subsequent periods of steady fixation. We discuss the possibility that the mechanisms underlying EMREOs create eye movement-related binaural cues that may aid the brain in evaluating the relationship between visual and auditory stimulus locations as the eyes move.
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Goffart, Laurent, Clara Bourrelly, and Jean-Charles Quinton. "Neurophysiology of visually guided eye movements: critical review and alternative viewpoint." Journal of Neurophysiology 120, no. 6 (December 1, 2018): 3234–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00402.2018.

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In this article, we perform a critical examination of assumptions that led to the assimilation of measurements of the movement of a rigid body in the physical world to parameters encoded within brain activity. In many neurophysiological studies of goal-directed eye movements, equivalence has indeed been made between the kinematics of the eyes or of a targeted object and the associated neuronal processes. Such a way of proceeding brings up the reduction encountered in projective geometry when a multidimensional object is being projected onto a one-dimensional segment. The measurement of a movement indeed consists of generation of a series of numerical values from which magnitudes such as amplitude, duration, and their ratio (speed) are calculated. By contrast, movement generation consists of activation of multiple parallel channels in the brain. Yet, for many years, kinematic parameters were supposed to be encoded in brain activity, even though the neuronal image of most physical events is distributed both spatially and temporally. After explaining why the “neuronalization” of such parameters is questionable for elucidating the neural processes underlying the execution of saccadic and pursuit eye movements, we propose an alternative to the framework that has dominated the last five decades. A viewpoint is presented in which these processes follow principles that are defined by intrinsic properties of the brain (population coding, multiplicity of transmission delays, synchrony of firing, connectivity). We propose reconsideration of the time course of saccadic and pursuit eye movements as the restoration of equilibria between neural populations that exert opposing motor tendencies.
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Wilkinson, F., O. Karanovic, EC Ross, L. Lillakas, and MJ Steinbach. "Ocular Motor Measures in Migraine with and Without Aura." Cephalalgia 26, no. 6 (June 2006): 660–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2006.01091.x.

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The purpose of this study was to examine basic ocular motor function in individuals with migraine. We used an infrared eye-tracking system to measure horizontal smooth pursuit to a sinusoidal target, saccades to horizontal target displacements of 5–20°, and the stability of fixation in 19 migraine without aura (MoA), 19 migraine with aura (MA) and 19 headache-free control (C) subjects. Eye movement measurements were made at two target displacement rates and against both homogeneous grey and patterned backgrounds. We found no statistically significant differences between migraine and control subjects in any of the eye movement parameters measured, but did find highly significant effects of both target speed and background pattern in all groups. Our results do not provide support for subclinical cerebellar impairment in migraineurs, and do provide evidence that previously described visual abnormalities in migraine are not artefacts of abnormal fixation or eye movements.
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Henn, Volker, and Dominik Straumann. "Three-dimensional eye movement recording for clinical application*." Journal of Vestibular Research 9, no. 3 (June 1, 1999): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-1999-9302.

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Methods to measure eye rotations in 3D have developed to a stage where routine clinical application is realistic. Besides the equipment, it requires a basic understanding of 3-dimensional geometry for calibration and interpretation. Relevant parameters are orientation, displacement and thickness of Listing's plane for spontaneous or goal-directed eye movements, and counterrolling or nystagmus with a roll component for vestibular function. The method with the highest temporal and spatial resolution is the magnetic search coil technique. Video-based systems are still slow and cannot be used to characterize saccades. Often, the task of reconstructing the 3-dimensional eye position from a 2-dimensional image of the eye is underestimated. Search coil measurements have shown no firm correlation between the orientation of Listing's plane and “classical” landmarks like stereotaxic head position, emphasizing that Listing's plane is functionally, and not anatomically, determined.
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Rigatto, H., M. Moore, and D. Cates. "Fetal breathing and behavior measured through a double-wall Plexiglas window in sheep." Journal of Applied Physiology 61, no. 1 (July 1, 1986): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.61.1.160.

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The inability to see the fetus makes the assessment of fetal behavior difficult. To circumvent this problem we implanted a Plexiglas window in the left flank of the ewe. Fetuses were instrumented for measurements of sleep, breathing, and swallowing. Ten fetal sheep were studied on 32 occasions. Six fetuses were delivered through the window at term, and postnatal behavior was compared with intrauterine behavior. Fetuses observed during resting conditions alternated between periods of quiet sleep [high-voltage electrocortical activity (ECoG)] and active or rapid-eye-movement sleep (low-voltage ECoG). In quiet sleep, movements were absent except for periodic generalized electromyographic discharges. Eye and breathing movements were rare or absent. Swallowing was also absent. In active sleep, movements were increased with powerful breathing and swallowing activity. Fetal wakefulness defined by open eyes and purposeful movements of the head was never seen in utero but was clearly observed after delivery. We conclude that fetal wakefulness as defined postnatally was not able to be demonstrated in utero.
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Fox, P. T., J. M. Fox, M. E. Raichle, and R. M. Burde. "The role of cerebral cortex in the generation of voluntary saccades: a positron emission tomographic study." Journal of Neurophysiology 54, no. 2 (August 1, 1985): 348–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1985.54.2.348.

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The purpose of this study was to define the location and behavior of cerebral structures within the normal human brain that participate in the generation of voluntary saccadic eye movements. Changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during task performance were assumed to reflect like changes in regional neuronal activity induced by the task. The locations of all rCBF changes were described in stereotaxic coordinates. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured with positron emission tomography (PET) and bolus intravenous injection of H2(15)O. The use of H2(15)O with PET allowed six, seven-slice measurements of brain blood flow to be made in rapid sequence for each subject, without removing the subject from the tomograph between scans. Nine paid normal volunteers were studied. The paradigm included three saccadic eye-movement (SEM) conditions, one finger-movement condition and two control conditions (initial and final). The three SEM conditions allowed comparisons to be drawn between targeted versus untargeted SEMs, auditorily cued versus visually cued SEMs, and stochastic versus rhythmic SEMs. All tasks were simple and deterministic in that each movement exactly mirrored the preceding movement: finger flexion then extension, saccade-left then saccade-right. Saccadic eye movements were associated with rCBF increases within the frontal eye fields, the supplementary motor area, and the cerebellum. Finger movements were associated with rCBF changes within the sensorimotor hand areas, the supplementary motor area, and the cerebellum. The frontal eye fields were discrete cortical regions consistently active during the generation of voluntary SEMs and uninfluenced by target presence, type of cue, or task complexity, indicating a predominantly motor function. The supplementary motor area (SMA) was consistently active during all motor tasks and was uninfluenced by the degree of task complexity or stochasticity. A role for SMA in establishing "motor set" during both simple and complex motor tasks is suggested. An anterior-posterior somatotopy was found for SMA-eye (anterior) versus SMA-hand (posterior). Lateral occipital visual association cortex activation was present only during targeted saccadic conditions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Eye Movement Measurements"

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Kavasakali, Maria. "Saccadic eye movement measurements in the normal eye : investigating the clinical value of a non-invasive eye movement monitoring apparatus." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3577.

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Clinicians are becoming increasingly aware of the effect of various pathologies on the characteristics of saccadic eye movements. As such, an efficient and non-invasive means of measuring eye-movement in a clinical environment is of interest to many. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the clinical application of a non-invasive eye movement recording technique as a part of a clinical examination. Eye movements were measured using an IRIS 6500 infrared limbal eye tracker, which we customized for the direct recording of oblique eye movements as well as horizontal and vertical. Firstly, the eye-tracker itself was assessed. Visually normal observers made saccadic eye movements to a 10' stimulus in eight directions of gaze. Primary (ANOVA) and secondary analyses (mean error less than 5%) resulted in acceptance that averaging four measurements would give a representative measurement of saccadic latency, peak velocity, amplitude and duration. Test-retest results indicated that this technique gives statistically (± 1.96*STDEVDifference) repeatable responses. Several factors that could potentially influence clinically based measures of eye-movements were examined. These included, the effect of ageing, viewing distances, dioptric blur and cataract. The results showed that saccadic latency and duration are significantly (p < 0.05) longer in older (60-89 years) observers compared to younger (20-39 years). Peak velocity and amplitude were not significantly affected by the age of the observer. All saccadic parameters (SP) were significantly affected by direction (Chapter 5). The compact nature of this eye movement methodology is obtainable since there is no significant effect on viewing distance (300 cm vs. 49 cm) (Chapter 6). There is also no significant effect of dioptric blur (up to +LOODS) on any of the four SP. In contrast, a higher level of defocus (+3.O ODS) has a larger probability of interfering with the measurements of peak velocity and duration (Chapter 7). Saccadic eye-movements were also recorded whilst normally sighted subjects wore cataract simulation goggles. The results suggested that the presence of dense cataract introduces significant increases in saccadic latencies and durations. No effect was found on the peak velocities and amplitudes. The effect of amblyopia on SP was also investigated in order to examine if this methodology is able to detect normal from abnormal responses (i.e. increased saccadic latencies). This set of data (Chapter9 ) showed that using IRIS 6500, longer than normal latencies may be recorded from the amblyopic eye but no consistent effect was found for the other SP (peak velocity, amplitude, duration). Overall, the results of this thesis demonstrate that the IRIS 6500 eye-tracker has many desirable elements (it is non-invasive; comfortable for the observers and gives repeatable and precise results in an acceptable time) that would potentially make it a useful clinical tool as a part of a routine examination.
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Thurtell, Matthew James. "Effect of eye position on the three-dimensional kinematics of saccadic and vestibular-evoked eye movements." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1665.

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Saccadic and vestibular-evoked eye movements are similar in that their three-dimensional kinematic properties show eye position-dependence. When the line of sight is directed towards an eccentric target, the eye velocity axis tilts in a manner that depends on the instantaneous position of the eye in the head, with the magnitude of tilt also depending on whether the eye movement is saccadic or vestibular-evoked. The mechanism responsible for producing eye velocity axis tilting phenomena is not well understood. Some authorities have suggested that muscle pulleys in the orbit are critical for implementing eye velocity axis tilting, while others have suggested that the cerebellum plays an important role. In the current study, three-dimensional eye and head rotation data were acquired, using the magnetic search coil technique, to confirm the presence of eye position-dependent eye velocity axis tilting during saccadic eye movements. Both normal humans and humans with cerebellar atrophy were studied. While the humans with cerebellar atrophy were noted to have abnormalities in the two-dimensional metrics and consistency of their saccadic eye movements, the eye position-dependent eye velocity axis tilts were similar to those observed in the normal subjects. A mathematical model of the human saccadic and vestibular systems was utilized to investigate the means by which these eye position-dependent properties may arise for both types of eye movement. The predictions of the saccadic model were compared with the saccadic data obtained in the current study, while the predictions of the vestibular model were compared with vestibular-evoked eye movement data obtained in a previous study. The results from the model simulations suggest that the muscle pulleys are responsible for bringing about eye position-dependent eye velocity axis tilting for both saccadic and vestibular-evoked eye movements, and that these phenomena are not centrally programmed.
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Thurtell, Matthew James. "Effect of eye position on the three-dimensional kinematics of saccadic and vestibular-evoked eye movements." Faculty of Medicine, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1665.

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Master of Science in Medicine
Saccadic and vestibular-evoked eye movements are similar in that their three-dimensional kinematic properties show eye position-dependence. When the line of sight is directed towards an eccentric target, the eye velocity axis tilts in a manner that depends on the instantaneous position of the eye in the head, with the magnitude of tilt also depending on whether the eye movement is saccadic or vestibular-evoked. The mechanism responsible for producing eye velocity axis tilting phenomena is not well understood. Some authorities have suggested that muscle pulleys in the orbit are critical for implementing eye velocity axis tilting, while others have suggested that the cerebellum plays an important role. In the current study, three-dimensional eye and head rotation data were acquired, using the magnetic search coil technique, to confirm the presence of eye position-dependent eye velocity axis tilting during saccadic eye movements. Both normal humans and humans with cerebellar atrophy were studied. While the humans with cerebellar atrophy were noted to have abnormalities in the two-dimensional metrics and consistency of their saccadic eye movements, the eye position-dependent eye velocity axis tilts were similar to those observed in the normal subjects. A mathematical model of the human saccadic and vestibular systems was utilized to investigate the means by which these eye position-dependent properties may arise for both types of eye movement. The predictions of the saccadic model were compared with the saccadic data obtained in the current study, while the predictions of the vestibular model were compared with vestibular-evoked eye movement data obtained in a previous study. The results from the model simulations suggest that the muscle pulleys are responsible for bringing about eye position-dependent eye velocity axis tilting for both saccadic and vestibular-evoked eye movements, and that these phenomena are not centrally programmed.
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甄榮輝 and Wing-fai Yan. "Eye movement measurement for clinical applications using pattern recognition." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31209026.

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Yan, Wing-fai. "Eye movement measurement for clinical applications using pattern recognition /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12434024.

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Eadie, Andrew S. "The binocular interaction of ocular accommodation and vergence." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332088.

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Umraiya, Anurag. "Design of miniaturized coil system using MEMS technology for eye movement measurement." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66669.

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Application of eye movement measurement is especially significant in Neuroscience. Results from eye tracking can give valuable insight into the correlation between neural activity and eye movements. Abnormalities in the eye movements also provide information regarding diagnosis and progress of neurological diseases such as dementia. Another application is in developing human-computer interfaces as a means of communication for the severely handicapped. Although there are numerous eye tracking techniques available, the magnetic search coil method has been prominently used by researchers due to its high accuracy and precision. This technique typically requires the subjects head to be fixed for accurate measurements due to the use of large field coils. Here we propose a miniaturized coil system using MEMS technology for application in eye movement measurement. The coils were designed and modeled using CoventorWare and MagNet software. The microcoils were then fabricated in the McGill Nanotools microfabrication laboratory. We present the results for using the materials Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and Aluminium for the fabrication of coils. We found that the resulting coil system is capable of identifying displacements along the X, Y and Z axis. The resolution of the system depends on the configuration of the system, it was calculated to be around 20-40 μm on the plane of the coil and it increases near the centre of the coil. Although the proposed coil system holds significant potential, but further exhaustive testing needs to be performed in an environment simulating eye movements.
O Mesurer avec précision les mouvements oculaires constitue un élément essentiel dans ledomaine de la neuroscience. Par exemple, capter les mouvemets de l'oeil contribue à la compréhension de la relation entre les activités neuronales et le comportement oculaire. De meme, les irrégularités observées dans les mouvements des yeux aident à diagnostiquer et à surveiller le progrès de plusieurs troubles mentaux comme la démence. En plus, le tracement de la trajectoire oculaire peut être utilisé pour construire des interfaces homme-machine pour les personnes sévèrement handicapées.Bien que plusieurs techniques de tracement oculaire existent déjà, la bobine de recherche magnétique est fortement utilisée par les chercheurs. Elle offre une haute exactitude et une très bonne précision de mesure. La technique traditionnelle exige l'utilisation de grandes bobines de champs, nécessitant ainsi que la tête du sujet soit fixée en tout temps. En revanche, on propose l'utilisation d'un système de bobines miniaturisées construit avec la technologie MEMS. Les bobines ont été conçues à l'aide des logiciels CoventorWare et MagNet. Les micro-bobines ont été fabriquées dans le laboratoire de micro-fabrication Nanotools de l'Université McGill. On présente les résultats obtenus en utilisant des micro-bobines construites avec la solution solide de l'oxyde de l'étain et l'oxyde de l'indium (ITO). Le système de micro-bobine est capable d'identifier les déplacements dans les trois dimensions X, Y, et Z. La résolution du système dépend de la configuration utilisée. On a trouvé que la résolution peut être entre 20 et 40 μm. Le système proposé est très promettant mais plusieurs tests exhaustifs deraient encore être appliquées dans des environnements qui simulent de vrais mouvements oculaires.
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Esposito, Flavia Lorena. "Studying brain development in infants by eye measurements: visual perception and visual attention." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672593.

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In the first years of life, there is a dramatic unfolding of cognitive abilities supported by the progressive control of gaze behaviour. The early development of oculomotor control is presumably closely tied to the maturation of the attention system. Vergence eye movements are the movements of the eyes in opposite directions, which subserve binocular vision and depth perception. Previous studies have suggested a correlation between vergence and orienting attention (Puig, Pallarés, Zapata, & Puigcerver, 2016; Solé Puig, Pérez Zapata, Aznar-Casanova, & Supèr, 2013; Super, Marco, Perez Zapata, Canete Crespillo, & Sole Puig, 2014). The neural structures involved in the vergence system, for instance the Frontal Eye Fields (FEF), Superior Colliculus (SC), pulvinar of the thalamus and Posterior Parietal Cortex (PPC) overlap with those of the attention orienting system. This is of relevance as studying how children allocate their visual attention to relevant stimuli is a direct measure of cognitive abilities. Vergence has been studied in our research group as a measure of cognitive processing (e.g. Sole Puig et al., 2013, 2015, 2016; Esposito et al., 2018, 2019; Varela et al., 2018). In these studies, vergence responses were observed during top-down and bottom-up generated shifts of visual attention, where attentional load positively correlated with the strength of the vergence response (Sole Puig et al., 2013). The notion of a role for vergence in attention is supported by the observation of a correlation of eye vergence responses with the neural activity encoding shifts of visual attention (Solé Puig et al., 2016). Besides attention, vergence relates to memory processing as well. Memorized stimuli are accompanied with stronger vergence responses when compared to stimuli that are forgotten (Sole Puig et al., 2016). These observations motivated our current studies in younger children, to contribute to a better understanding on the impact of vergence eye movements in cognitive development early on. This PhD study consists exploring the association between the changes in the angle of vergence eye movements’ and orienting attention responses in early childhood. With eye tracking methodology, Face perception and Visual Short-Term Memory (VSTM) were evaluated as fundamental milestones of cognitive development. 130 young children aged 6-36 months were recruited from two regional kindergartens. Face images versus scrambled face images on one hand, and repeated objects versus novel objects’ images on the other hand, were introduced as visual presentations, to tackle basic cognitive functions that we hypothesize are based on orienting attention. The first study addressed face processing. A series of prototypical static human face images with neutral expression were presented from a validated face database and compared it with their computerized scrambled version. We observed that vergence eye movements’ responses were enhanced to face stimuli when compared to scrambled face stimuli. The study on Visual Short-Term Memory contends with the ability to temporarily hold information and form transient representations of objects. In turn, establish whether children utilize this visual information to anticipate future events. We presented two coloured objects on screen and randomly repeated one of them and a novel one separately. We observed that for the repeated object presentation, not only did vergence response increase, but also the order of image type correlated with the enhancement in vergence modulation. Thus far, to the best of my knowledge, this is the first PhD study of its type evaluating vergence eye movements to assess attention-orienting responses in early childhood.
En los primeros años de vida existe un gran despliegue de habilidades cognitivas respaldado por el control progresivo de la mirada. El desarrollo temprano del control oculomotor está asociado al desarrollo de la atención. Los movimientos oculares de vergencia consisten en el movimiento de los ojos en direcciones opuestas que dan lugar a la visión binocular y la percepción de profundidad. Previamente, hemos sugerido una correlación entre la vergencia y la orientación de la atención (Puig et al., 2016; Solé Puig et al., 2013; Super et al., 2014). Las estructuras neuronales involucradas en el sistema de vergencia, entre ellas, los campos oculares frontales, el colículo superior, el pulvinar del tálamo y la corteza parietal posterior se superponen con las del sistema de orientación de la atención. Esto es relevante ya que el estudio de cómo los niños despliegan y distribuyen su atención visual a los estímulos relevantes del entorno es una medida directa de sus capacidades cognitivas. De este modo, la orientación de la atención puede arrojar luz sobre el desarrollo cognitivo a posteriori. La vergencia ha sido estudiada en nuestro grupo de investigación como una medida del procesamiento cognitivo (Sole Puig et al., 2013, 2015, 2016; Esposito et al., 2018, 2019; Varela et al., 2018). En estos estudios, se observaron respuestas de vergencia durante los cambios en la atención visual generados de arriba hacia abajo y de abajo hacia arriba, donde la carga atencional correlacionó positivamente con la amplitud en la respuesta de vergencia (Sole Puig et al., 2013). La noción de un papel de la vergencia en la atención se basa en la observación de una correlación en las respuestas de vergencia ocular con la actividad neuronal que codifica los cambios en la atención visual (Solé Puig et al., 2016). Asimismo, la vergencia está relacionada con la memoria. Los estímulos memorizados se ven reflejados en respuestas de vergencia más pronunciadas en comparación con los estímulos no retenidos en la memoria (Sole Puig et al., 2016). Este estudio doctoral consiste en explorar la asociación entre la modulación en el ángulo de vergencia y la orientación de la atención en la infancia. Mediante la metodología de seguimiento ocular, el procesamiento de caras y la memoria visual a corto plazo (MVCP) se evaluaron como hitos fundamentales del desarrollo cognitivo. Se reclutaron 130 niños de 6 a 36 meses de edad de 2 jardines de infantes regionales. Por un lado, presentamos imágenes de caras frente a imágenes de puzles de caras, y en la otra tarea, imágenes de objetos repetidos frente a objetos nuevos. El primer estudio abordó el procesamiento facial. Una serie de imágenes estáticas prototípicas de caras humanas con expresión neutral se compararon con su versión computarizada. Observamos que las respuestas de vergencia aumentaron frente a los estímulos de caras en comparación con los estímulos de puzles de caras. Por otra parte, el estudio sobre la memoria visual a corto plazo tiene relación con la capacidad de mantener temporalmente la información y formar representaciones transitorias de objetos. Asimismo, queríamos observar si los niños utilizan esta información visual para anticipar eventos futuros. Para ello, presentamos simultáneamente dos objetos de colores en la pantalla y luego repetimos uno al azar y otro nuevo, por separado. Hemos observado un incremento en la modulación de la vergencia en el caso de los objetos repetidos y asimismo correlacionado el incremento en la vergencia con el orden de presentación de la imagen. Este es el primer estudio doctoral de su tipo que proporciona información novedosa acerca de la vergencia para evaluar las respuestas de orientación de la atención visual en la primera infancia.
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Moore, Kristin Suzanne. "Comparison of eye movement data to direct measures of situation awareness for development of a novel measurement technique in dynamic, uncontrolled test environments." Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1263402095/.

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Dimitru, M. L., G. H. Joergensen, Alice G. Cruickshank, and G. T. M. Altmann. "Language-guided visual processing affects reasoning: the role of referential and spatial anchoring." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/9570.

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No
Language is more than a source of information for accessing higher-order conceptual knowledge. Indeed, language may determine how people perceive and interpret visual stimuli. Visual processing in linguistic contexts, for instance, mirrors language processing and happens incrementally, rather than through variously-oriented fixations over a particular scene. The consequences of this atypical visual processing are yet to be determined. Here, we investigated the integration of visual and linguistic input during a reasoning task. Participants listened to sentences containing conjunctions or disjunctions (Nancy examined an ant and/or a cloud) and looked at visual scenes containing two pictures that either matched or mismatched the nouns. Degree of match between nouns and pictures (referential anchoring) and between their expected and actual spatial positions (spatial anchoring) affected fixations as well as judgments. We conclude that language induces incremental processing of visual scenes, which in turn becomes susceptible to reasoning errors during the language-meaning verification process.
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Books on the topic "Eye Movement Measurements"

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Anderson, Dominic P. Eye movement: Theory, interpretation, and disorders. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Anderson, Dominic P. Eye movement: Theory, interpretation, and disorders. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Eye tracking: A comprehensive guide to methods and measures. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.

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Holmqvist, Kenneth. Eye tracking: A comprehensive guide to methods and measures. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.

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Gaze interaction and applications of eye tracking: Advances in assistive technologies. Hershey, PA: Medical Information Science Reference, 2012.

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Anisimov, G. V. Kinoregistrat͡s︡ii͡a︡ dvizheniĭ glaz kak metod inzhenerno-psikhologicheskikh issledovaniĭ. Moskva: "Mashinostroenie", 1985.

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EEG-Veränderungen bei einer psychomotorischen Koordinationsaufgabe: Vigilanzregulierung des Benzodiazepins Lormetazepam (Noctamid) in Ruhe-Episoden und in psychomotorischen Aktivierungsphasen. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 1992.

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Eizenman, Moshe. Continuity and asymmetry in amplitude-duration relations for normal eye saccades. Toronto: Dept. of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 1986.

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Sung, Kwangjae. A model-based approach for the measurement of eye movements using image processing. Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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United States. Office of Motor Carrier and Highway Safety. Ocular measures of driver alertness: Technical conference proceedings. Washington, DC] (400 Seventh Street, SW, Washington 20590): [Office of Motor Carrier and Highway Safety/Federal Highway Administration, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Eye Movement Measurements"

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Śledzianowski, Albert, Artur Szymański, Stanisław Szlufik, and Dariusz Koziorowski. "Rough Set Data Mining Algorithms and Pursuit Eye Movement Measurements Help to Predict Symptom Development in Parkinson’s Disease." In Intelligent Information and Database Systems, 428–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75420-8_41.

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Clarke, Andrew H., Caspar Steineke, and Harald Emanuel. "High image rate eye movement measurement." In Informatik aktuell, 398–402. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59757-2_75.

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Fujimoto, Seita, Masayuki Iwase, and Shu Matsuura. "HMD Eye-Tracking Measurement of Miniature Eye Movement Toward VR Image Navigation." In Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. User and Context Diversity, 203–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05039-8_14.

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Steddin, Sven, and Alexander Weiß. "A Simple Approach to Video-Based 3D Eye Movement Measurement." In Current Oculomotor Research, 459–61. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3054-8_65.

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Clarke, A. H., D. Schücker, and W. Krzok. "Improved Three-Dimensional Eye Movement Measurement Using Smart Vision Sensors." In Current Oculomotor Research, 463–66. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3054-8_66.

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Klein, Pascal, Stefan Küchemann, Ana Susac, Alpay Karabulut, Andreja Bubic, Maja Planinic, Marijan Palmovic, and Jochen Kuhn. "Students’ Understanding of Diagrams in Different Contexts: Comparison of Eye Movements Between Physicists and Non-physicists Using Eye-Tracking." In Applying Bio-Measurements Methodologies in Science Education Research, 243–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71535-9_12.

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Gregorčič, Tanja, and Gregor Torkar. "Pre-service Teachers’ Determination of Butterflies with Identification Key: Studying Their Eye Movements." In Applying Bio-Measurements Methodologies in Science Education Research, 155–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71535-9_8.

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Södervik, Ilona, and Henna Vilppu. "Case Processing in the Development of Expertise in Life Sciences-What Can Eye Movements Reveal?" In Applying Bio-Measurements Methodologies in Science Education Research, 169–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71535-9_9.

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Chottikampon, Kontawat, Shuhei Yasuda, Suchalinee Mathurosemontri, Akihiko Goto, and Tadashi Uozumi. "Study on Braiding Skills of Experts with Eye Movement Measurement and Operating Analysis." In Advances in Ergonomics of Manufacturing: Managing the Enterprise of the Future, 79–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41697-7_8.

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Torii, Ippei, Takahito Niwa, and Naohiro Ishii. "Measurement of Abnormality in Eye Movement with Autism and Application for Detect Fatigue Level." In Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 187–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92028-3_20.

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Conference papers on the topic "Eye Movement Measurements"

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Payne, Alexander R., Beryl Plimmer, and T. Claire Davies. "Repeatability of Eye-Hand Movement Onset Asynchrony Measurements and Cerebral Palsy." In CHINZ 2015: 15th New Zealand Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2808047.2808058.

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Kertesz, Andrew E., and Hyo J. Lee. "Simultaneous objective and subjective measurements of fixation disparity." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.mi1.

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Fixation disparity is generally used to describe the inexactness of binocular fixation. Typically fixation disparity is measured subjectively by the extent of binocularly perceived misalignment of dichoptically (one to each eye) presented Nonius lines. It is customary to obtain fixation disparity measurements as a function of stimulus disparity resulting in a fixation disparity curve. These curves (that purport to measure vergence error or, equivalently, the magnitude of sensory compensation to assure fusion) are used to characterize binocular disorders as well as prognostic indicators for orthoptic therapy. In previous experiments we found significant differences between subjective and objective measurements of cyclo-fusional response.1 We have, therefore, decided to perform simultaneous objective (eye movement measurements during binocular viewing and cover–uncover test) and subjective (Nonius line displacement) measurements of horizontal and vertical fixation disparities as a function of stimulus disparities. All our stimuli contained a fixation point. We found significant differences between the objective and subjective measurements. These differences render the Nonius line method an unreliable indicator of fusional performance or sensory status.
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Riggs, Lorrin A., John P. Kelly, Karen A. Manning, and Robert K. Moore. "Blink-related eye movements." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1985.wf6.

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Using a visual-persistence method described by Ginsborg and Maurice,1 coupled with high-speed photography and eye-tracker records, we have explored the eye movements that take place during a blink. With straight-ahead binocular fixation each eye typically rotates nasalward and downward by 1° or 2° during the closing phase of a blink. The movements of the eyes are more rapid, however, than those of the lids. Maximum rotation of the eyes occurs slightly before lid closure is complete, and the eyes return to their initial positions well before the lids are fully reopened. Measurement of the direction, amplitude, and time course of such eye movements provides evidence for recent proposals that, with off-center viewing, a blink causes each eye to rotate toward its primary position of regard. Indeed, if the eye is already in that position when the blink takes place, there is scarcely any eye movement at all. In normal conditions of viewing there is no evidence of conjugate saccades or of any large upward rotation of the eyes (Bell’s phenomenon) that was formerly thought to take place during a blink.
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Al-Maqbali, Hilal, Amr Mohamed Abdel Kader, Jawaher Albalushi, Mika Luimula, and Calin Calbureanu-Popescu. "Impact of image features on visual attention: An eye-tracking study." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001732.

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The study is theoretical in the sense that it examines the visual attention in reference to tourism images and builds on this research by integrating the eye movement data from the tourism ads. It offers direction in selecting better images for promotional purposes in tourism by underscoring the needs for considering specific features of images necessary for diverse and unique markets. In this study, eye tracking measurements with survey data research design will be employed in comprehending how foreign people are attracted to visuals used in tourism marketing in Oman. Ultimately enabling further investigation into the impact of image features on the traveler's attraction towards the tourism images in Oman and how the influence varies between the travel teams. Strictly speaking, the following image features were investigated: (1) underexposure vs overexposure, (2) monochromatic vs chromatic and (3) image with human presence and without. We are using Tobii eye tracking glasses pro-2, a wearable tool to collect real and accurate visual attention. The study was performed at Turku University of Applied Sciences in Finland. The experiment managed to recruit eighty-six participants (students and staff) from different age ranges. After the participants read the instruction paper, they were instructed to wear the Tobii eye tracking glasses, while sitting in a room Infront of 42-inch Tv screen. Participants were instructed to browse images on screen and selecting the most attractive image to move to another screen and so on. Dwell times (DTs) for AOIs (area of interests), first fixation, fixation duration and number of fixations were collected. Statistical analysis show significant impact of the image features on people visual attraction and attention.
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Libertiaux, Vincent, William P. Seigfreid, Massimo A. Fazio, Juan F. Reynaud, Claude F. Burgoyne, and J. Crawford Downs. "Nycthemeral Rhythm of the Frequency and Biomechanical Energy of High Frequency Intraocular Pressure Fluctuations." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14776.

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The optic nerve head (ONH) is the site of insult in glaucoma, the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is commonly regarded as a major factor in the onset and progression of the disease1 and lowering IOP is the only clinical treatment that has been shown to retard the onset and progression of glaucoma2. However, many patients continue to progress even at an epidemiologically-determined normal level of IOP3. This suggests that in addition to the mean value of IOP, IOP fluctuations could be a factor in glaucomatous pathophysiology. The importance of low frequency fluctuations of clinically-measured mean IOP remains controversial. These studies all rely on snapshot measurements of mean IOP at each time point, and those measurements are taken at relatively infrequent intervals (hourly at the most frequent, but usually monthly or longer). Recently however, there has been some interest in ocular pulse amplitude, or the fluctuation in IOP associated with the cardiac cycle, which can be measured by Dynamic Contour Tonometry (DCT). DCT provides continuous measurement of IOP, but only for a period of tens of seconds in which a patient can tolerate corneal contact without blinking or eye movement, which ironically are two of the most common sources of large high frequency IOP fluctuations according to our telemetric data collected from monkeys4 and previous human studies. In a recent report, continuous IOP telemetry was used in three nonhuman primates to characterize IOP dynamics at multiple time scales for multiple 24-hour periods5.
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Lopez, Alberto, Francisco Javier Ferrero, Saeed Mian Qaisar, and Octavian Postolache. "Gaussian Mixture Model of Saccadic Eye Movements." In 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memea54994.2022.9856404.

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Viirre, Erik S., Bradley Chase, and Yi-Fang Tsai. "Cognitive performance baseline measurement and eye movement performance measures." In Defense and Security, edited by John A. Caldwell and Nancy Jo Wesensten. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.603847.

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Hoshino, Kiyoshi, Nayuta Ono, Motomasa Tomida, and Naoki Igo. "Measurement of rotational eye movement with blue light irradiation." In the 3rd International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3022702.3022713.

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Suaste-Gomez, Ernesto, Lorenzo S. Leija, and Humberto J. Sossa-Azuela. "Measurement with fiber optics of nystagmus eye movements." In Photonics West '95, edited by James A. Harrington, David M. Harris, and Abraham Katzir. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.208429.

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Capelli, Giorgio, and Guido Giuliani. "Laser velocimeter for the measurement of eye movements." In 2011 International Workshop on Biophotonics. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwbp.2011.5954803.

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