Books on the topic 'Extreme circumstances'
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1
Cuc, Ngo Kim. Children of the dust: Street children in Vietnam and children in extremely difficult circumstances. [Bangkok]: World Vision International, 1996.
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2
Borzyh, Stanislav. Theory of the possible. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1074108.
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In this book, we are talking about a single principle that permeates every organized entity, regardless of what sphere it belongs to. Everywhere and always, and in accordance with the current circumstances, the process of formation, support and regulation of any complex complexes and ensembles is guided and controlled by the concept of the realizable, which postulates that only what is stable and stable will be realized, and everything else will be discarded as untenable and unbalanced. These patterns and patterns can be traced resolutely at all levels of existence. And the universe, and life, and consciousness, and mind, and culture are arranged and assembled according to these schemes, because it is difficult, if possible, for them to be any other. This paper provides an overview of this type of layout in these areas, as well as the theory of the achievable and accessible itself. Using examples and theoretical considerations, it is shown that the configuration of all reliable and long-lasting structures is approximately the same or very similar, because it obeys a single end-to-end logic of the formation of any similar substances, whatever they touch and wherever they are found. In addition, it is demonstrated that if something in this spirit is objectified in practice, then its nature and properties must be fundamentally the same as what we observe around or extremely close to it. Finally, the view is argued and developed, according to which everything consists of matter, is constituted by it, is reduced only to it, including any non-physical phenomena. It is concluded that all the wealth of the world is subject to the same laws of its construction, and all this construction observes the universal rules of the functioning of complex things, no matter what they are aimed at. For all those interested in philosophy.
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Cook, Cereka. Extreme Circumstances. RJ Publications, LLC, 2007.
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Extreme circumstances. [Place of publication not identified]: Xlibris Corporation, 2013.
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Ryan, Chandra. Extreme Circumstances. Ellora's Cave Publishing, Incorporated, 2014.
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John, Hudson. How to Survive: Self-Reliance in Extreme Circumstances. Norton & Company, Incorporated, W. W., 2021.
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How to Survive: Self-Reliance in Extreme Circumstances. Norton & Company, Incorporated, W. W., 2021.
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8
Ploeger, Dani. Deserted Devices and Wasted Fences: Everyday Technologies in Extreme Circumstances. Triarchy Press, 2022.
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9
Marone, Eduardo, Ricardo de Camargo, and Julio Salcedo Castro. Coastal Hazards, Risks, and Marine Extreme Events. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190676889.013.34.
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This article describes the threat costal hazards pose to existing life in light of climate change and natural disaster. It includes an overview of flooding, extreme waves, and other water-related stressors. The article discusses how human-induced risks in the coastal zone, resulting from mismanaged urbanization, persistent pollution, and overexploitation of resources, exacerbate matters and pose extra pressure on the environment, science, and society. Ways of measurement and reaction to these events, as well as best practices for preparedness, are discussed. Businesses, individuals, and ecosystems are under threat of destruction from these circumstances. The article also emphasizes the need to make scientific work in this field accessible and understandable to society and decisión makers.
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Marone, Eduardo, Ricardo de Camargo, and Julio Salcedo Castro. Coastal Hazards, Risks, and Marine Extreme Events. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190699420.013.34.
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This article describes the threat costal hazards pose to existing life in light of climate change and natural disaster. It includes an overview of flooding, extreme waves, and other water-related stressors. The article discusses how human-induced risks in the coastal zone, resulting from mismanaged urbanization, persistent pollution, and overexploitation of resources, exacerbate matters and pose extra pressure on the environment, science, and society. Ways of measurement and reaction to these events, as well as best practices for preparedness, are discussed. Businesses, individuals, and ecosystems are under threat of destruction from these circumstances. The article also emphasizes the need to make scientific work in this field accessible and understandable to society and decisión makers.
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NAVY, US. Captivity : The Extreme Circumstance: NAVEDTRA 14316. Independently published, 2019.
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United States United States Navy and Jacob Eli Goodson. Captivity : the Extreme Circumstance: Navedtra 14316. Independently Published, 2020.
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Paul Kee Hua Hang Jr. More...Blessings by the Dozen: An Immigrant's Amazing Stories of Family Hardships, Determination and Struggles in Extreme Circumstances from the Great ... and World War II to the New Millennium. Outskirts Press, 2006.
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O'Shea, Janet. On the Line. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190871536.003.0006.
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This chapter examines the relationship between risk and physical play, distinguishing between danger—that is, external conditions—and risk as the experience of those conditions. Here, through reference to sport fighting and other so-called extreme sports, the section presents risk as a means of managing dangerous circumstances rather than unleashing them. The pleasures of risk-taking can offset the fixations of a culture of fear. However, the treatment of risk in American sports is paradoxical: high-level competitive sport risks players’ physical well-being, while remaining risk-averse as to outcomes. Risk, then, like vulnerability, is value-neutral, and requires a consideration of its circumstances: here, consequence and blame.
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William A, Schabas. Part 7 Penalties: Les Peines, Art.77 Applicable penalties/Peines applicables. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198739777.003.0081.
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This chapter comments on Article 77 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Article 77 sets out the penalties the Court may impose on a person convicted of a crime. These include imprisonment for a specified number of years, which may not exceed a maximum of 30 years; a term of life imprisonment when justified by the extreme gravity of the crime and the individual circumstances of the convicted person; a fine under the criteria provided for in the Rules of Procedure and Evidence; and a forfeiture of proceeds, property, and assets derived directly or indirectly from that crime, without prejudice to the rights of bona fide third parties.
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Mac Ginty, Roger. Everyday Peace. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197563397.001.0001.
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This book focuses on how individuals and communities navigate through, and out of, conflict. Through theory and concept-building and empirical examples, it investigates the pro-peace tactical agency deployed by individuals and communities in conflict-affected contexts. It examines how compassion, humanity, civility, and solidarity can take root in unlikely circumstances—even in the midst of war—and the possibility of everyday peace scaling up and out to disrupt violent conflict. The book develops a number of key concepts, including Everyday Peace Power and conflict disruption, to help us understand how everyday ‘small peace’ actions can accumulate into movements and processes that may have wider significance. In addition to a detailed conceptualization of everyday peace, the book is interested in how local-level peace might connect with other levels (national, international, and transnational) and uses the notion of circuitry to explain how different levels of society might influence one another. In an unusual departure for peace and conflict studies, the book draws on World War I and II memoirs and personal diaries to investigate the possibility of everyday peace in extreme circumstances (such as the battlefield) but also to illustrate that many of the possibilities and challenges associated with everyday peace are, in fact, timeless.
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Tonry, Michael. Doing Justice, Preventing Crime. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195320503.001.0001.
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In the 2020s, no informed person disagrees that punishment policies and practices in the United States are unprincipled, chaotic, and much too often unjust. The financial costs are enormous. The moral cost is greater: countless individual injustices; mass incarceration; the world’s highest imprisonment rate; extreme disparities, especially affecting members of racial and ethnic minority groups; high rates of wrongful conviction; assembly-line case processing; and a general absence of respectful consideration of offenders’ interests, circumstances, and needs. The main ideas in this book about doing justice and preventing crime are simple: Treat people charged with and convicted of crimes justly, fairly, and even-handedly, as anyone would want done for themselves or their children. Take sympathetic account of the circumstances of peoples’ lives. Punish no one more severely than he or she deserves. Those propositions are implicit in the rule of law and its requirement that the human dignity of every person be respected. Three major structural changes are needed. First, selection of judges and prosecutors, and their day-to-day work, must be insulated from political influence. Second, mandatory minimum sentence, three-strikes, life without parole, truth in sentencing, and similar laws must be repealed. Third, correctional and prosecution systems must be centralized in unified state agencies.
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Moller, David Wendell. Notes from the Trenches. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199760145.003.0010.
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Being in the trenches with patients and other caregivers while working collaboratively toward a patient’s goals is a fantastic experience. However, it is equally important to be cognizant of the many difficulties to be encountered while working in the trenches. When caring for patients who are marginalized, the highs and lows of being a medical provider for this population can be extreme because of the circumstances surrounding both their medical and social situations. Practicing principles of collaborative decision-making, along with seeking to understand and empathize with others, serves to complement the other tools that are required to navigate this profession successfully. Educating the next generation of medical providers on how to step out of their comfort zone and engage a diversified population of patients will ensure that patients have providers who are willing to be in the trenches with them for the days to come.
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Neary, John, and Neil Turner. Nutcracker syndrome and phenomenon. Edited by Neil Turner. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0048.
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Nutcracker syndrome describes symptomatology associated with obstruction to the left renal vein caused by pressure from the overlying superior mesenteric artery. Modern imaging methods show that some degree of left renal vein obstruction may be a common incidental finding in asymptomatic patients so it is better described as ‘nutcracker phenomenon’, NCP. The association of NCP with symptoms and signs is often speculative. NCP may be seen at any age but most patients with symptoms attributed to it are teenagers or young adults. The strongest evidence is for association with episodic macroscopic haematuria. There is weak evidence that it may in some circumstances account for orthostatic (postural) proteinuria, microscopic haematuria, or pain syndromes. Apart from rare examples of extreme haemorrhage the syndrome has not been associated with life-threatening features other than through complications of treatment. Various interventions have been employed, recently most commonly endovascular or extravascular approaches to stenting the vein, but serious adverse consequences from stent migration and thrombosis have been described.
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Purse, Lisa, and Ute Wölfel, eds. Mediating War and Identity. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474446266.001.0001.
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This volume provides in-depth analyses of audiovisual representations of war and conflict through the figures of transgression that circulate in these representations. Because their acts of transgression take place in extreme circumstances of stress for a community, figures of transgression such as deserters, mutineers, traitors or conscientious objectors forground the foundations of that community and offer it to scrutiny. These figures and their cultural representations in film, television or museum play key roles in re-thinking cultural, national and community identity by raising questions of victimhood and perpetration, agency, moral responsibility and culpability. In ten chapters which analyse figures of transgression from the contexts of World War 1 and World War 2 to the proliferating conflict zones of the ‘war on terror’, the volume shines a light on the complex function of these transgressors in war representations and maps a history of forms of identity negotiation linked to this key figure.
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Page, Jamie. Prostitution and Subjectivity in Late Medieval Germany. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862789.001.0001.
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Prostitution played a major role in structuring medieval gender relations. Prostitutes were seen to be an example of extreme female sinfulness which all women risked falling into, while at the same time prostitutes themselves were seen to play a vital social role in many towns by providing a sexual outlet to unmarried men. This book is the first full-length study of medieval prostitution to focus primarily upon how gender discourse shaped the lives of prostitutes themselves. It is based on three legal case studies from the late medieval empire which examine constructions of subjectivity between the period c.1400–1500. This period saw the rapid rise of tolerated prostitution across much of western Europe and the emergence of the public brothel as a central institution in the regulation of social order, followed by its equally rapid suppression from the early 1500s. By analysing how individuals interacted with cultural discourses surrounding the body, sexuality, and sin, the book explores how the concepts that defined prostitution in the Middle Ages shaped individual lives, and how individuals were able—or not—to exert agency, both within the circumstances of their own lives, and in response to official attempts to regulate sexual behaviour.
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Bartrop, Paul R. Resisting the Holocaust. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216008033.
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This book enables readers to learn about upstanders, partisans, and survivors from first-hand perspectives that reveal the many forms of resistance—some bold and defiant, some subtle—to the Nazis during the Holocaust. What did those who resisted the Nazis during the 1930s through 1945—known now as "the Righteous"—do when confronted with the Holocaust? How did those who resorted to physical acts of resistance to fight the Nazis in the ghettos, the concentration camps, and the forests summon the courage to form underground groups and organize their efforts? This book presents a comprehensive examination of more than 150 remarkable people who said "no" to the Nazis when confronted by the Holocaust of the Jews. They range from people who undertook armed resistance to individuals who risked—and sometimes lost—their lives in trying to rescue Jews or spirit them away to safety. In many cases, the very act of survival in the face of extreme circumstances was a form of resistance. This important book explores the many facets of resistance to the Holocaust that took place less than 100 years ago, providing valuable insights to any reader seeking evidence of how individuals can remain committed to the maintenance of humanitarian traditions in the darkest of times.
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Cimbala, Paul A., ed. The Historian’s Red Badge of Courage. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400663789.
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For someone who did not actually fight in the American Civil War, Stephen Crane was extraordinarily accurate in his description of the psychological tension experienced by a youthful soldier grappling with his desire to act heroically, his fears, and redemption. Stephen Crane's novel The Red Badge of Courage provides an extraordinary take on the battlefield experiences of a young soldier coming of age under extreme circumstances. His writing took place a generation after the war's conclusion, at a time when the entire nation was coming to grips with the meaning of the Civil War. It was during this time in the late 19th century that the battle over the memory of the war was taking place. This new, annotated edition of the novel is designed to guide readers through references made through Crane's characters and how they reflect Civil War military experiences—specifically how "the youth's" experiences reflect the reality of the multi-day battle of Chancellorsville, which took place in Virginia beginning on May 1, 1863, and concluded on May 4 of the same year. The annotated text is preceded by introductory essays on Crane and on the Civil War. Crane's short story "The Veteran" is also included to allow readers to better understand the post-war lives of Civil War soldiers.
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Teichman, Eric. Affairs of China: A Survey of the Recent History and Present Circumstances of the Republic of China. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Teichman, Eric. Affairs of China: A Survey of the Recent History and Present Circumstances of the Republic of China. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Teichman, Eric. Affairs of China: A Survey of the Recent History and Present Circumstances of the Republic of China. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Teichman, Eric. Affairs of China: A Survey of the Recent History and Present Circumstances of the Republic of China. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Teichman, Eric. Affairs of China: A Survey of the Recent History and Present Circumstances of the Republic of China. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.
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Teichman, Eric. Affairs of China: A Survey of the Recent History and Present Circumstances of the Republic of China. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Soffer, Gilad. How to become extremely smart: Scientifically proven easy and fun techniques for any age and any circumstance. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2016.
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31
Cárdenas, Andrés, and Pere Ginès. The patient with hepatorenal syndrome. Edited by Giuseppe Remuzzi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0169_update_001.
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Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a dreaded and common complication of patients with end-stage liver disease. The syndrome is characterized by functional renal failure due to renal vasoconstriction in the absence of underlying kidney pathology. The pathogenesis of HRS is the result of an extreme underfilling of the arterial circulation secondary to an arterial vasodilation located in the splanchnic circulation. This phenomenon triggers a compensatory response with activation of vasoconstrictor systems leading to intense renal vasoconstriction.Besides HRS, there are several other causes of renal failure in patients with cirrhosis including those secondary to bacterial infections, hypovolaemia, nephrotoxicity, and intrinsic renal disease. Thus, the diagnosis of HRS is based on established diagnostic criteria aimed at excluding non-functional causes of renal failure.The prognosis of patients with HRS is poor, especially in those who have a rapidly progressive course. Liver transplantation is the best option in suitable candidates, but it is not always applicable due to the short survival expectancy of listed candidates.Pharmacological therapies based on the use of vasoconstrictor drugs to reverse splanchnic vasodilation are the standard first line of therapy. The vasopressin analogue terlipressin is the best proven. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts may be helpful in limited circumstances. Prevention of HRS can be attained with the use of albumin infusion in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, with norfloxacin in patients very advanced liver disease and with N-acetylcysteine in those with severe acute alcoholic hepatitis.
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Kawamura, Noriko. Turbulence in the Pacific. Praeger, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216027874.
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Although events in East Asia were a sideshow in the great drama of World War I, what happened there shattered the accord between Japan and the United States. This book pursues the two-fold question of how and why U.S.-Japanese tensions developed into antagonism during the war by inquiring into the historical sources of both sides. Kawamura explains this complex phenomenon by looking at various factors: conflicts of national interests—geopolitical and economic; perceptual problems such as miscommunication, miscalculation, and mistrust; and, most important of all, incompatible approaches to foreign policy. America's universalism and the unilateralism inherent in Wilsonian idealistic internationalism clashed with Japan's particularistic regionalism and the pluralism that derived from its strong sense of racial identity and anti-Western nationalistic sentiments. By looking at the motives and circumstances behind Japan's expansionist policy in East Asia, Kawamura suggests some of the centrifugal forces that divided the nations and challenged the premise of Wilsonian internationalism. At the same time, through critical examination of the Wilson administration's universalist and unilateral response to Japan's actions, she raises serious questions about the effectiveness of American foreign policy. At the close of the 20th century, after 50 years of Cold War, those in search of a new world order tend to resort to Wilsonian rhetoric. This book suggests that it can be unwise to apply a universalistic and idealistic approach to international conflicts that often result from extreme nationalism, regionalism, and racial rivalry.
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Clark, Elizabeth A. Melania the Younger. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190888220.001.0001.
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Melania the Younger: From Rome to Jerusalem analyzes one of the most richly detailed stories of a woman of late antiquity. Melania, an early fifth-century Roman Christian aristocrat, renounced her many possessions and staggering wealth to lead a life of ascetic renunciation. Hers is a tale of “riches to rags.” Born to high Roman aristocracy in the late fourth century, Melania encountered numerous difficulties posed by family members, Roman officials, and historical circumstances themselves in disposing of her wealth, property spread across at least eight Roman provinces, and thousands of slaves. Leaving Rome with her entourage a few years before Gothic sack of Rome in 410, she journeyed to Sicily, then to North Africa (where she had estates upon which she founded monasteries), before settling in Jerusalem. There, after some years of semi-solitary existence, she founded more monastic complexes. Toward the end of her life, she traveled to Constantinople in an attempt to convert to Christianity her still-pagan uncle, who was on a state mission to the eastern Roman court. Throughout her life, she frequently met and assisted emperors and empresses, bishops, and other high dignitaries. Embracing an extreme asceticism, Melania died in Jerusalem in 439. Her Life, two versions of which (Greek and Latin) were discovered in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, was composed by a longtime assistant who succeeded her in directing the male and female monasteries in Jerusalem. An English translation of the Greek version of her Life accompanies the text of this book.
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Coady, C. A. J. The Meaning of Terrorism. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199603961.001.0001.
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This book aims to clarify competing and confusing definitions of terrorism, and of terrorist acts, that proliferate in specialist publications as well as in popular discourse, and then to construct a concept of a terrorist act that both reflects a central core of the usages examined and provides for a more coherent and fruitful discussion of terrorism and its moral and political significance. The book’s project thus treats the idea of meaning as involving a concern not only for semantic clarity, but also for probing various dimensions of what our understanding of terrorism can mean morally for complex social and political circumstances. The first two chapters sketch the types of definition abroad and propose what is called a tactical definition, with a focus on terrorist acts as violent attacks upon non-combatants or innocents (in a special sense). They discuss the benefits of such an approach and defend it against numerous objections that can be and have been made to it. Chapter 3 discusses critically theorists who argue that, independent of its definition, terrorist acts have a special, and profoundly disturbing, moral significance. Chapter 4 explores the scope and meaning of non-combatant status and its relation to recent controversies in the philosophy of war. Chapters 5 and 6 discuss important attempted philosophical defenses of terrorism for certain contexts. Chapter 7 discusses the moral challenges facing attempts at counter-terrorism, and Chapter 8 examines the commonly held view that religion is particularly prone to cause terrorism or some of its most extreme manifestations.
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Pick, Daniel. 6. War, politics, and ideas. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199226818.003.0006.
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‘War, politics, and ideas’ outlines Freud’s later ideas and refers to the political circumstances prevailing between 1914 and 1945. Early analysts endured the rise of anti-Semitism in Vienna, shrill nationalism and militarism, and the devastation of World War I. This was followed by a terrible flu epidemic, years of economic crisis, the rise of fascism, the breakdown of peace, Hitler’s seizure of power, and ever-intensifying racial persecution. A new world order emerged after 1945, swiftly shadowed by the prospect of an all-annihilating nuclear exchange. Psychoanalysis was profoundly affected by the century in which it developed, and in turn provided a language that many people thought useful to think about politics and society in the ‘age of extremes’.
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Kim, Sungmoon. Democracy after Virtue. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190671235.001.0001.
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In the past two decades contemporary Confucian political theory has been propelled by the dialectical conversation between Confucianism and democracy and, more recently, between Confucian democracy and Confucian meritocracy. However, the absence of a shared point of reference in developing Confucian democratic theory has made it extremely difficult to understand whether the disagreement between Confucian democrats and Confucian meritocrats is merely a political one or is also of philosophical significance. Democracy after Virtue explores a normative Confucian democratic theory that justifies democracy on pragmatic grounds, both as a political system and as a way of life in East Asia, with special attention to Confucianism, a dominant cultural tradition in the region, as well as to the value pluralism and moral conflict that increasingly characterize the circumstances of East Asian politics. It presents “pragmatic Confucian democracy” as a fresh normative framework that can help (1) identify the social circumstances that require a democracy as a political system in a Confucian society, (2) explain the internal connection between two dimensions of democracy that are commonly presented in political science as being at odds with each other, (3) make sense of the value of democracy coherently with reference to its two dimensions, (4) illuminate the theoretical connection between democratic procedures and the outcomes they produce, and (5) articulate distinctively Confucian democratic principles of justice in criminal punishment, economic distribution, and international relations (humanitarian intervention in particular) from a pragmatic standpoint.
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McKitrick, Jennifer. Manifestations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198717805.003.0005.
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Manifestations are events which are effects of dispositions being activated. Events often involve something acquiring a property. According to dispositional monism or pandispositionalism, all properties are dispositions. If all properties were dispositions, then all manifestations would involve something acquiring a disposition. Whether this leads to a vicious regress is unclear. However, pandispositionalism may render nearly all properties unobservable. Another issue about manifestations involves the question of whether dispositions are all single-track or whether some of them are multi-track. Some philosophers argue that each type of disposition has one type of manifestation. However, the events that occur when a disposition manifests vary according to the circumstances. This motivates some philosophers to say that manifestations are not effects but are instead contributions to effects. But it is not clear what kind of entity a contribution is, or if it is needed. Consequently, dispositions are extremely numerous or massively multi-track.
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Boyd Maunsell, Jerome. Alive and kicking. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789369.003.0006.
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This chapter begins with an account of H. G. Wells’s extremely autobiographical tendencies in his fiction, and discomfort with these elements. The World of William Clissold (1926), a late novel very close to “an” autobiography, is discussed early on. The chapter then examines Wells’s thoughts about the genre of biography, before moving on to his “formal” autobiographies: the two-volume Experiment in Autobiography (1934), and his posthumous autobiography H. G. Wells in Love (1984). The implicatory nature of autobiography and its impact on others is discussed, as well as the revision of autobiography, as Wells rewrote his life in official and more explicit, secret posthumous versions. The biographical circumstances around the writing of all three volumes, beginning in the spring of 1932, are explored in detail. Wells’s portrayals of Conrad, Ford, and James are also studied, as are his satirical “picshuas,” his notions of character, and his relations with women.
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Shectman, Jonathan. Bound for the Future. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400620935.
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Through careful, detailed consideration of a host of primary documents about the young activists who formed the Underground Railroad’s underappreciated operational workforce, this book offers fresh insight to the complex question, “Who ended slavery?” Bound for the Future: Child Heroes of the Underground Railroad illuminates the vital contributions of specific, underappreciated child activists within the extremely local circumstances of their daily work. It also provides meaningful context to the actions of these young activists within the much broader social practice of resisting slavery, and offers fresh insight into the complicated question of who was responsible for ending slavery. Through a thorough examination of these subjects, author Jonathan Shectman proves his central thesis: in many specific cases, children were the essential lifeblood of the Underground Railroad's operational workforce. This text will appeal to wide range of readers, including young students, educators, scholars, and anyone seeking a fresh perspective on civil rights, anti-slavery activism, and U.S. history.
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Crisafi, Nicolò. Dante's Masterplot and Alternative Narratives in the Commedia. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192857675.001.0001.
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The book studies narrative pluralism in the Commedia by Dante Alighieri with the aim of opening up the poem to alternatives to the dominant narrative embedded in the text, which it terms ‘Dante’s masterplot’. This is the teleological trajectory that subordinates the past to the revisionist gaze of a new endpoint. The introduction analyses the masterplot’s workings and its role in the interpretation of the poem, documenting its overwhelming influence on readings of the Commedia. The body of the book then explores three competing narrative models that resist and counter its hegemony, which are enacted by (i) paradoxes, (ii) alternative endings and parallel lives, and (iii) the future. Paradoxes neutralize the teleological hierarchy and thus allow Dante to represent contradictory ideas and experiences; through counterfactuals and parallel episodes, Dante creates an affective space in the text, where narrative necessity and moral normativity are momentarily suspended; lastly, the future constitutes teleology’s blind spot and thus exposes the poem’s, and its author’s, vulnerability to time and circumstance. By focusing on non-linear modes of storytelling or taking teleological linearity to its extreme consequences, the monograph questions interpretations of the Commedia that favour one normative master truth, and highlights instead the manifold poetic, theological, and ethical tensions which, due to the masterplot’s influence, are often overlooked. The book concludes with a proposal that, alongside traditional notions of Dante’s plurality of linguistic registers and styles, Dante’s narrative pluralism can and should play a key role in readings of the Commedia.
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Fairgrieve, Duncan, and Dan Squires QC. The Negligence Liability of Public Authorities, Second Edition. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199692552.001.0001.
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Whether, and in what circumstances, public authorities should be held liable for negligence in the performance of their public functions is a highly complex area of the law. Written by Cherie Blair and Dan Squires QC, the first edition of The Negligence Liability of Public Authorities provided a much needed guide to these complexities and offered a detailed account of the law for practitioners and academics. This second edition builds on the reputation of the first, including full coverage of the many important cases which have been decided since 2006. Divided into two parts, Part I focuses on the extent to which the public nature of a defendant affects civil liability and the principles that govern and limit that liability. Part II considers the law as it impacts upon specific areas of public authorities' activities. It examines cases in a range of key areas, including the police, social services, highways, education, and the emergency services and aims to set out in a comprehensive way the different legal issues that have arisen in each area. By examining cases in a variety of jurisdictions, including Australia, Canada, South Africa, New Zealand and the USA, the authors further broaden the scope of this authoritative text. The book also identifies the underlying principles and policy arguments which have shaped the law more generally, making it an extremely useful resource for a wide variety of practitioners.
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Armstrong, Sarah L., and Gary M. Stocks. Postoperative analgesia after caesarean delivery. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713333.003.0024.
Full textAbstract:
Caesarean delivery (CD) is one of the most common operations in the world and providing effective pain relief is important not only for humanitarian reasons but also to speed up recovery and reduce postoperative complications. An understanding of the anatomy and physiology of pain transmission after CD has led to a multimodal approach to analgesia. This involves combining analgesics which work by different mechanisms resulting in an additive effect whilst at the same time reducing side effects. In contemporary practice, most CDs are carried out under neuraxial anaesthesia and neuraxial techniques using either intrathecal or epidural opioids have become central to the provision of effective postoperative analgesia. They reduce the need for systemic opioid analgesia and have few side effects, respiratory depression being the most significant but extremely uncommon. In circumstances where it is not possible to use neuraxial analgesia, for example, after general anaesthesia, other techniques such as intravenous patient-controlled analgesia using opioids and the transversus abdominis plane block have been shown to be effective. As part of the multimodal analgesic approach, many patients will require systemic analgesics to further improve pain relief and to limit side effects. Paracetamol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are now widely established in the management of postoperative CD pain where they have been shown to potentiate opioid effects, decrease opioid consumption, reduce side effects, and complement the somatic pain relief provided by opioids. As part of a step-down approach after primary management with neuraxial or intravenous opioids, oral opioids are often required as part of a multimodal regimen.
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Stanghellini, Giovanni, Matthew Broome, Andrea Raballo, Anthony Vincent Fernandez, Paolo Fusar-Poli, and René Rosfort, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Phenomenological Psychopathology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803157.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
For about one century the catalogue of books in phenomenological psychopathology has been tremendously rich in essays, but remarkably poor in handbooks. Even the cornerstone of our canon, Jaspers’ General Psychopathology, originally written as a textbook, can hardly be given to a student as a basic reading. This makes extremely difficult teaching the fundamentals of our discipline. Students ask for manualized knowledge expecting teachers to explain them what-exactly-must-be-done-in-a-given-circumstance. This Handbook is meant to fill these gaps. It includes a detailed, thorough and reader-friendly description of philosophical and clinical key-concepts and constructs, and of the contributions of leading figures of phenomenological psychopathology. It establishes clear connections between psychopathological knowledge and clinical practice. It liaise phenomenological psychopathology to contemporary debates in nosography, clinical epistemology, research and the neurosciences. It’s stronger benefit is that it brings together evidence-based with person-based knowledge. All learning is based on process of recognition. ‘Recognition’ means identification of someone or something from previous encounters or knowledge. In standard clinical training this process is called ‘diagnosis’ and evidence-based diagnostic skills are deemed fundamental. Students are spot-on when soliciting this kind of knowledge to be regimented and normalized. Yet ‘recognition’ has a second meaning: acknowledging the absolute singularity of what is out there. To recognize someone or something means to be able to tolerate its otherness. This kind of recognition is a practice in which epistemology is in touch with ethics. Whereas recognition qua identification or diagnosis is an act of recollection based on previously acquired knowledge, recognition qua acknowledgement is an ethical act of acceptance of the unique being-so of the other person or state of affairs. The Handbook of Phenomenological Psychopathology engages in bringing together these two kinds of ‘recognition’ and establish a solid as well as flexible framework for the clinic of mental disorders.