Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Extracorporeal circulation'
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Vedin, Jenny. "Coronary artery bypass surgery without extracorporeal circulation /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-507-0/.
Full textMelki, Vilyam. "Nitric oxide : An ally in extracorporeal circulation?" Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Thoraxkirurgi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-298782.
Full textSolberg, Robert Glen. "Extracorporeal Circulation: Effect of Long-Term (24-Hour) Circulation on Blood Components." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32157.
Full textMaster of Science
Jonsson, Ove. "Cerebral Perfusion and Metabolism during Experimental Extracorporeal Circulation." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Anestesiologi och intensivvård, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-147486.
Full textCardigan, Rebecca Anne. "An investigation into coagulation activation during extracorporeal circulation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286275.
Full textOrr, Yishay Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Circulating neutrophil activation and recruitment during the systemic inflammatory response to cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Medical Sciences, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41227.
Full textLahtinen, Mika. "NO Effect on Inflammatory Reaction in Extracorporeal Circulation : Ex vivo Studies." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5908.
Full textNitric oxide (NO) is expressed in inflammatory tissues. However, NO effects are controversial in inflammation; NO is described as acting in a dose dependent manner and possess both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties.
The present thesis explored the role of NO in relation to white blood cell (WBC) and protein system activation by foreign surfaces in simulated extracorporeal circulation (SECC) using human whole blood from volunteer donors. Three doses of NO, 40 ppm, 80 ppm and 500 ppm, were administered and an array of markers of WBC and protein activation were studied. Neutrophil degranulation was detected with myeloperoxidase (MPO), human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL) and lactoferrin (LF); eosinophil degranulation with eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO); and basophil degranulation with histamine. Furthermore, whole blood and WBC capacity to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) were studied and cytokine release was measured with IL-1 and IL-10. Complement activation was measured with C3a and C5b-9 complex and contact system activation with FXIIa-C1INH, FXIIa-AT, FXIa-C1INH and FXIa-AT.
NO increased neutrophil degranulation at all dose levels and 80 ppm NO increased basophil degranulation; whereas, NO exerted no effect on eosinophil degranulation, WBC subset counts, cytokine release or capacity to produce ROS. In addition, while increasing both specific and azurophil degranulation with 40 ppm, 80 ppm and 500 ppm, NO reversed the classical degranulation hierarchy with 500 ppm and azurophil degranulation became predominant. Furthermore, NO effect was greater with 500 ppm than with 80 ppm, indicating a dose response effect. The lack of iNOS mRNA expression in WBC and lack of L-NAME effect on degranulation and nitrite/nitrate production, together with absent increase in nitrite/nitrate in controls, excluded autocrine or paracrine regulation of degranulation. FXIIa-AT and FXIa-AT complexes increased and became predominant during early recirculation, whereas FXIIa-C1INH and FXIa-C1INH complexes were predominant at baseline but remained unaltered, suggesting contact system inhibition predominantly via AT. C3a and C5b-C9 increased. NO had no effect on either contact or complement system activation; however, 500 ppm NO shortened active clotting time.
In conclusion, the present data suggest that NO has a direct effect on neutrophil and basophil degranulation. Recognition of NO as an enhancer of degranulation may give access to new therapeutic tools for local and systemic inflammatory therapies; whereas, the identification of increased AT mediated inhibition of FXIIa and unchanged C1INH complexes presents new possibilities for therapeutic intervention in conditions such as hereditary angioedema and heart surgery.
Alexiou, Christos. "Leucocyte activation and effects of leucocyte depletion during clinical and experimental extracorporeal circulation." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416220.
Full textBednarski, Spiwak Allison Joan. "Fatigue of Polymers in the Roller Head Raceway of Extracorporeal Circuits." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1228329882.
Full textMorrice, L. M. A. "Extracorporeal blood circulation in the rat : Utilisation in the evaluation of antithrombotic agents and membrane biomaterials." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382409.
Full textPasqua, Mattia. "Preclinical studies on an extracorporeal bioartificial liver." Thesis, Compiègne, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COMP2557.
Full textFor all patients suffering of acute liver failure, there is an urgent need of alternatives to liver transplantation. Due to a variety of factors, those patients do not always have easy access to an available organ and die waiting for a transplant. Therefore, it is imperative to find viable alternatives to liver transplantation. Among the various alternatives that emerged in recent years, our group has mainly investigated the concept of bioartificial liver. It is an extracorporeal circulation device equipped with artificial elements (activated charcoal and ionic resin) and a biological element (hepatic biomass) capable of supporting the failing organ. This device has the role of providing hepatic functions, lost due to the disease, helping the patient to remain alive until an organ is available or, otherwise, capable of promoting natural liver regeneration. This thesis retraces the evolution of these devices over time, describing their principle of operation and the main results proposed by the literature. The focus is then moved on the development of our liver supply device and the scientific path that allowed optimizing the hepatic biomass at best. This thesis work led to the development of a ready-to-use BAL device on animal models of acute liver failure
Michaely, Jean-Pierre. "Conception et réalisation d'un appareil informatisé pour l'automatisation du processus d'immunoépuration de plasma hypercholesterolemique en circulation extracorporelle." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL002N.
Full textTorina, Anali Galluce 1981. "Ultrafiltração modificada em pacientes submetidos a revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio = avaliação de parâmetros clinicos e inflamatórios." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311525.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo:Introdução: A resposta inflamatória após a circulação extracorpórea (CEC) em cirurgia cardíaca colabora para o aumento de mortalidade e morbidade pós-operatória. A ultrafiltração modificada (UFM) foi descri ta como capaz de melhorar a função pulmonar, hemodinâmica e inflamatória na população pediátrica submetida a cirurgia cardíaca. Entretanto, isto não está bem documentado e definido em pacientes adultos. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da ultrafiltração modificada em pacientes adultos submetidos a revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio sob o aspecto inflamatório e clínico com uso de CEC. Material e Método: Foram estudados 37 pacientes divididos em dois grupos: 17 pacientes no grupo controle e 20 pacientes no grupo UFM. Analisamos variáveis demográficas, hemodinâmicas, pulmonares e mediadores inflamatórios na indução anestésica, durante a operação e até 48 horas de pós-operatório em ambos os grupos. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos quanto aos dados demográficos e nas variáveis hemodinâmicas estudadas. Observamos aumento do hematócrito no grupo UFM imediatamente após a ultrafiltração quando comparado com o grupo controle (P<0,05), contudo, esta diferença não se manteve até o final do período de observação. A resistência das vias aéreas diminuiu no grupo UFM durante o intraoperatório. Observamos menor sangramento pós-operatório (P<0,01) e menor necessidade de transfusão (P=0,01) no grupo UFM. Não foi observado diferença entre os grupos para a IL6, P-selectina, E-selectina. A I-CAM apresentou aumento no grupo UFM logo após a ultrafiltração (P< 0,01). O receptor do fator de necrose tumoral alfa II (receptor TNF-? II) mostrou elevação dos níveis séricos ao final de 48 horas de observação no grupo UFM. Conclusão: A UFM não demonstrou diferença entre os grupos em relação aos parâmetros hemodinâmicos, respiratórios e inflamatórios estudados. O UFM proporcionou menor sangramento pós-operatório e menor necessidade de transfusão de concentrado de hemáceas. A UFM demonstrou ser segura e sem complicações relacionadas, podendo ser útil para o manejo da volemia intraoperatória
Abstract: Introduction: The systemic inflammatory response after cardiopulmonary bypass in cardiac surgery increases mortality and postoperative morbidity. The modified ultrafiltration (MUF) has been described in children and has been shown improvements on pulmonary function, hemodynamics, and inflammatory response. However, in adults, the same benefits were not well documented. Objective: Assess the inflammatory response and clinical outcomes of the modified ultrafiltration in adults underwent elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Material and Methods: Thirty-seven patients were evaluated either into two groups: Control group without MUF (N=17) and MUF group (N=20) submitted to 15 minutes of modified ultrafiltration. The demographics, hemodynamics, pulmonary and inflammatory mediators at the induction of anesthesia, during operation and up to 48 hours postoperatively were evaluated. Results: The demographics data and hemodynamic variables were comparable in both groups. The hematocrit was higher in the MUF group immediately after ultrafiltration when compared the the control group (P <0.05). However, this difference was not steady by the end of the observation period. The airway resistance decreased in the MUF group right after the ultrafiltration. The MUF group showed lower postoperative bleeding (P <0.01) and lower requirements of blood units transfusion (P = 0.01). The IL-6, P-selectin, and Eselectin, were comparable in both groups. The I-CAM showed an increase in the MUF group after ultrafiltration (P <0.01). The tumor necrosis factor receptor II was higher by 48 hours of postoperative time in the MUF group. Conclusion: The MUF showed no differences between groups regarding hemodynamic, respiratory function, and inflammatory mediators. The MUF provided lower postoperative bleeding and lower requirements for red blood cells units transfusion. The MUF showed to be safe and without complications, and might be useful for the fluid management during the cardiac surgeries. We were unable to demonstrate a significant impact of MUF on the outcome of adults after coronary artery bypass grafting surgeries
Mestrado
Pesquisa Experimental
Mestre em Cirurgia
Kwasnicka, Karina Lacava. "Procedimentos básicos padronizados aplicados nos períodos pré, trans e pós-circulação extracorpórea em cães." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10137/tde-31052004-145959/.
Full textThe purpose of this assay was to describe the standard basic procedures that should be followed before, during, and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in dogs, based on the existing literature and personal observations that took place in the Laboratory of Cardiothoracic Surgery, of the Surgical Department of the Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia of the University of São Paulo. This assay reports how to choose the material, to prepare and to assemble the ECOBEC machine ? Braile Biomédica ? for cardiopulmonary bypass in dogs, and describes the basic procedures to start, conduct, follow up and finish it, in order to obtain a feasible technical results. Based on the literature, based on the methodology and material proposed and personal observations, it is reliable to state that this procedure can be accomplished since all paths described are followed before, during and after cardiopulmonary bypass.
Francischetti, Ieda [UNESP]. "Efeito do módulo de inativação leucocitária (LIM) na distribuição de 99mTc-granulócitos em porcos submetidos à circulação extracorpórea e à isquemia-reperfusão de coração e pulmões." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101026.
Full textO uso da circulação extracorpórea desencadeia uma resposta inflamatória sistêmica, que somada às reações em cadeia relacionadas à isquemia-reperfusão de coração e pulmões pode levar a lesões celulares e até falência de órgãos no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Vários estudos foram feitos visando melhor entendimento desses processos inflamatórios associados à circulação extracorpórea. Assim, esta revisão abordará os mecanismos de isquemia-reperfusão cardiopulmonar a ativação da cascata inflamatória por esse processo e o papel dos leucócitos na fisiopatologia destas lesões. Serão consideradas as interações de proteínas imunomoduladoras na resposta leucocitária e o bloqueio das mesmas por meio de filtros biológicos, do uso de anticorpos monoclonais e do estímulo à apoptose.
The use of extracorporeal circulation starts a whole body inflammatory response that when added with a chain reactions related to heart and lung ischemia-reperfusion may cause cellular injuries and organ failures in the cardiac surgery pos-operative period. Many studies were made to achieve better comprehension of the inflammatory process that occur with use of extracorporeal circulation. So, this review discusses the ischemia- reperfusion events, their large activated inflammatory cascade as well as the leukocytes role on the pathophysiology of their associated injuries. The interactions of immunomodulatory proteins with the leukocitary response and their blockade through leukocytes filters, the monoclonal antibody use and the apoptosis stimuli will be approached too.
Barbosa, Ricardo Antonio Guimarães. "Avaliação farmacocinética e farmacodinâmica do propofol em pacientes submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio, com ou sem utilização de circulação extracorpórea." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5152/tde-13102014-113751/.
Full textCardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can alter predicted plasmatic concentration of drugs administered during anesthesia. The aim of this study was evaluate the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass under pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and plasmatic concentration of propofol in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) with or without CPB, comparing measured plasmatic concentration with predicted concentration administered by target-controlled infusion. Ten patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery with CPB (CPB Group, n=10) and ten without CPB (off-pump Group, n=10) were compared in relaction to measured plasmatic concentration using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and predicted concentration administered by target-controlled infusion, pharmacokinetics (t1/2 ß, volume of distribution and total clearance), hypnosis degree (bispectral index) and hemodynamics parameters (mean arterial pressure and heart rate) during and after surgery. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance for repeated measures (*p<0,05). Measured plasmatic concentration was higher in off-pump group in the moments 120 min (3,32±1,76 in off-pump group and 2,48±1,12 in CPB group, p=0,005) and 240 min (3,24±2,71 in off-pump group and 2,23±2,48 in CPB group, p=0,0212) after the beginning of surgery. Measured plasmatic concentration was higher than predicted in two groups, with superior values in off-pump group (p=0,02). T1/2 ß was greater in off-pump group (3,67±1,15 in off-pump group and 1,82±0,5 in CPB group, p=0,0005) and total clearance was higher in CPB group (28,36±11,40 in CPB group and 18,29±7,67 in off-pump group, p=0,03). Hypnosis degree was greater in CPB group. Hemodynamics parameters did not differ between the groups. In conclusion, CPB causes alterations on pharmacokinetics and under propofol plasmatic concentration with higher hypnosis degree when compared with patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery without CPB (off-pump group)
Kahli, Abdelkader. "Chirurgie cardiaque sous circulation extra-corporelle et ses biomarqueurs : rôle du Growth / Différentiation Factor 15 (GDF 15) : études cliniques." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOPE02/document.
Full textIschemic cardiac diseases are the most frequent and deleterious pathologies leading to important cardiovascular-related mortality worldwide. One of the alternative therapies consists to treat these patients using cardiac surgery. Cardiopulmonary bypass was developed to greatly improve this surgical procedure. However, some adverse effects can occur during cardiac surgery associated with cardiopulmonary bypass due to the inflammatory response. This phenomenon is the result of various mechanisms including oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines which lead to multi-organ failure and then to myocardial and renal injuries occurring during the peri- and post-operative periods.The first part of this work was designed to evaluate in the context of cardiac surgery the kinetics of plasma GDF-15 levels, an oxidative stress and inflammation related cytokine. Our prospective study demonstrated for the first time the kinetic increase in plasma GDF-15 levels which were associated to postoperative cardiac and renal injuries.Currently, operative risk evaluation is based on score calculation including clinical criteria. These risk scores present some limitations. Concerning other cardiac patients out of surgical fields, the risk assessment is defined using clinical parameters and biomarkers evaluation (cardiac troponin, BNP, Nt-proBNP). Thus, we aimed to determine whether pre-operative GDF-15 as plasma biomarker could help to identify patients at high risk of renal injuries. We found that patients with the highest pre-operative plasma GDF-15 levels are at risk for post-operative acute kidney injury
Manfio, Josélia Larger. "Monitorização terapêutica de sufentanil em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9139/tde-05042013-102712/.
Full textIntroduction: The plasma monitoring and the pharmacokinetic assessment are important tools employed in therapeutic control. Sufentanil is responsible for the hemodynamic stabilization of the patient with a better suppression of the neuroendocrine response compared to its analogue fentanyl. This pharmaco has been widely used in cardiac surgery also due to its shorter plasma half-life in relation to fentanyl, which allows a fast surgical recovery of patients who have undergone such procedures. Objectives: Perform the plasma monitoring of sufentanil in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with or without extracorporeal circulation and afterwards assess the pharmacokinetics of it. Study design: 42 patients of both genders with chronic coronary disease and candidates to elective surgery of myocardial revascularization with or without extracorporeal circulation were investigated. They were hospitalized in the clinical ward of the Heart Institute Hospital of the Medicine Faculty Clinic of the University of São Paulo. Methods- Clinical phase: the patients included in this study were prepared for the performance of the surgical procedure. In the anesthesia induction 0,5 µg/Kg was administered through bolus, followed by maintenance infusion 0,5 µg/Kg-h. Serial blood samples were collected in the intra-operatory after induction and in the pos-toperatory after 36 h of administration of sufentanil. Sufentanil infusion was suspended just as the skin suture was finished. The plasma was separated and transferred to the identified polyethylene test-tube and stored in a temperature -20ºC until the analyses. Methods - Analytical phase: The plasma concentrations were determined through the developed method and validated by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The biological samples were extracted through liquid-liquid extraction in alkaline mean, to which fentanyl was added as an internal pattern. The chromatographic separation was obtained through a C18 column and the mobile phase constituted by acetonitrile: 5 mM ammonia acetate + 0,25% formic acid (70:30 v/v). The triple-quad pole spectrometry, positive electrospray, monitored the mass transitions among 387.0>238.0, 285.7>165.1 and 337.0>188.0, for sufentanil, morphine and fentanyl , respectively. Methods - Statistical phase: The pharmacokinetic modeling was performed through the application of the software NonCompartmental Analysis, PK Solutions 2.0. The significance index employed was 5% (p<0,05). The qui-square test was used for the assessment of gender distribution and the t-student test for the age, weight, height and IMC parameters. The nonparametric test of Friedman was used for the plasma concentration, followed by Dunn´s post-hoc test for the comparison of the surgery moments of the group that was submitted to extracorporeal circulation. The test Wilcoxon was applied for the comparison of the moments between the groups (submitted to extracorporeal circulation versus without extracorporeal circulation). Results: The surgical patients included in the protocol were adults of both genders 9F/33M, with an average age of 62.48 years old, 68.66 kg and IMC of 25.52 kg/m2. 30 patients are from the group with extracorporeal circulation and 12 are from the group without extracorporeal circulation. The average total doses of sufentanil administered to the group with extracorporeal circulation and to the group without extracorporeal circulation were similar, 3.23 ±0.67µg/kg and 3.53 ±0.90µg/kg respectively. The analytical method proposed proved linear in the interval between 0.05 - 500 ng/mL for sufentanil and 10 - 1000 ng/mL for morphine. The data obtained in the validation proved specificity, linearity, robustness, precision and accuracy. The plasma concentrations obtained were statistically different between the groups with extracorporeal circulation and without extracorporeal circulation. During the extracorporeal circulation procedure an intense fluctuation was observed in the plasma concentration of sufentanil. The tri-compartmental model was applied in the kinetic assessment of sufentanil. The following pharmacokinetic parameters were determined: half-life elimination (t1/2), alpha (α), beta (β) and gamma (γ), area under the curve, distribution volume and the total plasma depuration. Only T1/2 (γ) presented a significant difference between the groups. Conclusions: The proposed method was satisfactorily employed in the kinetic assessment of sufentanil. The protocol carried out and the quantification limits of the analytical method developed opportunized the employment of the tri-compartmental pharmacokinetic model for the pharmaco studied. The plasma concentrations of sufentanil were affected by the extracorporeal circulation, which implied in the meaningful difference between the elimination half-life γ calculated for the groups with extracorporeal circulation and without extracorporeal circulation.
Barbosa, Ricardo Antonio Guimarães. "Avaliação da função pulmonar em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea." Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5152/tde-14102014-113610/.
Full textCardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can alter predicted plasmatic concentration of drugs administered during anesthesia. The aim of this study was evaluate the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass under pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and plasmatic concentration of propofol in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) with or without CPB, comparing measured plasmatic concentration with predicted concentration administered by target-controlled infusion. Ten patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery with CPB (CPB Group, n=10) and ten without CPB (off-pump Group, n=10) were compared in relaction to measured plasmatic concentration using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and predicted concentration administered by target-controlled infusion, pharmacokinetics (t1/2 ß, volume of distribution and total clearance), hypnosis degree (bispectral index) and hemodynamics parameters (mean arterial pressure and heart rate) during and after surgery. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance for repeated measures (*p < 0,05). Measured plasmatic concentration was higher in off-pump group in the moments 120 min (3,32±1,76 in off-pump group and 2,48±1,12 in CPB group, p=0,005) and 240 min (3,24±2,71 in off-pump group and 2,23±2,48 in CPB group, p=0,0212) after the beginning of surgery. Measured plasmatic concentration was higher than predicted in two groups, with superior values in off-pump group (p=0,02). T1/2 ß was greater in off-pump group (3,67±1,15 in off-pump group and 1,82±0,5 in CPB group, p=0,0005) and total clearance was higher in CPB group (28,36±11,40 in CPB group and 18,29±7,67 in off-pump group, p=0,03). Hypnosis degree was greater in CPB group. Hemodynamics parameters did not differ between the groups. In conclusion, CPB causes alterations on pharmacokinetics and under propofol plasmatic concentration with higher hypnosis degree when compared with patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery without CPB (off-pump group)
Junior, Vlander Gomes Costa. "Avaliação da função endotelial microvascular, da rigidez arterial e da resposta inflamatória sistêmica em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2280.
Full textMyocardial Revascularization with cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with important modifications in the microcirculation and in the production and circulation of cytokines and inflammatory markers. In the present study 23 patients were evaluated on the day of the myocardial revascularization (baseline) and 7 and 28 days after the surgical procedure. The skin microcirculation that is in close relationship with coronary microcirculation was evaluated by iontophoresis of vasoactive substances, thermal hyperemia and post occlusive reactive hyperemia. The arterial stiffness was studied by digital pulse wave analysis. Cytokines and inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein, nitrite/ nitrate, IL-6, Il-7, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α e G-CSF were also analyzed. A reduction in the skin microvascular vasodilatation was observed after iontophoresis of cumulative doses of acetylcholine (endothelium dependent) 7 and 28 days after the surgical procedure. Skin vasodilation after thermal hyperemia was more important before the surgery than 7 and 28 days after the procedure. The post occlusive reactive hyperemia did not cause vasodilation after 7 days of the surgery. After 28 days, the cutaneous microvascular conductance was higher than before. The iontophoresis of sodium nitroprusside (endothelium independent) showed increasing vasodilation according to the doses/ charge applied but there was no difference among the days of the study. The level of IL-6 and IL-8 increased after 7 days and the level of IL-8 returned to baseline after 28 days. IL-6 showed a reduction after 28 days but did not reach the baseline. IFN-γ, TNF-α e G-CSF were detected only on the day of the surgical procedure and the level of IL-7 and IL-10 was similar before, 7 days and 28 days after the surgery. Nitrite/ nitrate was reduced after 7 days of the surgical procedure. In conclusion we observed that the small difference between endothelium dependent vasodilation 7 days after the surgical procedure showed a reduction in the alterations caused by the extracorporeal circulation and the constant level of vasodilation after 28 days showed the complete recovery of the endothelium. This result was in accordance with thermal hyperemia and post occlusive reactive hyperemia. The kinetics ofIL-6, IL-8 C-reactive protein were similar. The arterial stiffness did not show any difference.
Francischetti, Ieda. "Efeito do módulo de inativação leucocitária (LIM) na distribuição de 99mTc-granulócitos em porcos submetidos à circulação extracorpórea e à isquemia-reperfusão de coração e pulmões /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101026.
Full textBanca: Carlos Eli Piccinato
Banca: Marcone Lima Sobreira
Banca: Ana Terezinha Guilaumon
Banca: Valter Castelli
Resumo: O uso da circulação extracorpórea desencadeia uma resposta inflamatória sistêmica, que somada às reações em cadeia relacionadas à isquemia-reperfusão de coração e pulmões pode levar a lesões celulares e até falência de órgãos no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Vários estudos foram feitos visando melhor entendimento desses processos inflamatórios associados à circulação extracorpórea. Assim, esta revisão abordará os mecanismos de isquemia-reperfusão cardiopulmonar a ativação da cascata inflamatória por esse processo e o papel dos leucócitos na fisiopatologia destas lesões. Serão consideradas as interações de proteínas imunomoduladoras na resposta leucocitária e o bloqueio das mesmas por meio de filtros biológicos, do uso de anticorpos monoclonais e do estímulo à apoptose.
Abstract: The use of extracorporeal circulation starts a whole body inflammatory response that when added with a chain reactions related to heart and lung ischemia-reperfusion may cause cellular injuries and organ failures in the cardiac surgery pos-operative period. Many studies were made to achieve better comprehension of the inflammatory process that occur with use of extracorporeal circulation. So, this review discusses the ischemia- reperfusion events, their large activated inflammatory cascade as well as the leukocytes role on the pathophysiology of their associated injuries. The interactions of immunomodulatory proteins with the leukocitary response and their blockade through leukocytes filters, the monoclonal antibody use and the apoptosis stimuli will be approached too.
Doutor
Medeiros, Júnior Johannes Dantas de. "Desenvolvimento de um dispositivo auxiliar para calibração de bombas de roletes utilizadas em circulação extracorpórea." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/321693.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação
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Resumo: Circulação extracorpórea é um processo no qual o sangue circula externamente ao corpo com o intuito de manter a oxigenação e o fluxo do sangue adequados durante a realização de determinados procedimentos cirúrgicos; para realizá-la é utilizado um conjunto de técnicas e equipamentos cuja função é substituir temporariamente o coração e os pulmões. Contudo, a circulação extracorpórea é percebida pelo organismo como um agente agressor e um dos principais parâmetros relacionados aos danos que ela provoca é a hemólise. O uso de bombas propulsoras é um dos causadores de hemólise em procedimentos envolvendo circulação extracorpórea e um dos principais tipos de bombas propulsoras é a bomba de roletes. A hemólise provocada pelo uso de bomba de roletes é devida principalmente ao grau de oclusão utilizado. Há dois métodos geralmente utilizados para calibração da bomba de roletes: o método de velocidade de queda e o método de calibração dinâmica. Nesse trabalho é proposto um dispositivo para auxiliar o perfusionista a ajustar bombas de roletes por um método menos oclusivo, a calibração dinâmica. O dispositivo é baseado em um microcontrolador PIC 18F4523 e é utilizado em conjunto com transdutores de pressão descartáveis normalmente utilizados em procedimentos cirúrgicos. Foram determinadas as curvas características de três transdutores de pressão na faixa de 0 a 1000 mmHg. Os resultados das calibrações realizadas com o protótipo desenvolvido foram comparados com os resultados obtidos com uma placa de aquisição de dados comercial. Dois, dos três transdutores, foram submetidos a testes de fadiga e um foi mantido como referência. Para validação do dispositivo, sendo utilizado para realizar calibração dinâmica, foram testados ajustes em 150, 250, 350, 450 e 500 mmHg. Em cada ajuste foram realizadas 8 medições simultâneas de pressão média de calibração dinâmica com o dispositivo e com uma placa de aquisição de dados comercial. Após a realização de todos os testes, os transdutores foram novamente caracterizados. As curvas características dos três transdutores obtidas na caracterização inicial mostraram igualdade estatística (p > 0,05). Após os testes de fadiga não foram observadas alterações nas respostas dos transdutores de pressão no início e após a realização dos testes, nos mesmos pontos de pressão (p > 0,05). As medidas de pressão de calibração dinâmica realizadas com o protótipo apresentaram igualdade estatística (p > 0,05) para toda a faixa de pressão testada, quando comparados com os respectivos resultados obtidos com a placa de aquisição de dados. Conclui-se que os transdutores utilizados atualmente em procedimentos cirúrgicos podem ser utilizados na calibração dinâmica sem perdas de características e que o dispositivo construído pode ser utilizado em ambiente operatório para ajustes de bombas de roletes pelo método de calibração dinâmica
Abstract: Cardiopulmonary bypass is a procedure in which blood circulates outside the body in order to maintain oxygenation and blood flow conditions during the performance of certain surgical procedures; for this procedure, it is used a set of equipments whose function is to temporarily replace the heart and lungs. However, the cardiopulmonary bypass is perceived by the body as an aggressor agent and one of the main parameters related to the damage it causes is hemolysis. The use of driving pumps is a cause of hemolysis in procedures involving cardiopulmonary bypass and one of the main types of driving pumps is the roller pump. Hemolysis caused by the use of roller pump is mainly due to the degree of roller occlusion used. There are two methods commonly used for adjusting the roller pump: the method of drop rate and the dynamic calibration method. In this work, we developed a device to assist the perfusionist adjust roller pumps by a less occlusive method, the dynamic calibration method. The device is based on a PIC 18F4523 microcontroller and is used in conjunction with disposable pressure transducers commonly used in surgical procedures. We have characterized three pressure transducers in the range of 0 to 1000 mmHg. Calibration results obtained with the prototype were compared with those obtained with a data acquisition board. Two of the three transducers were submitted to fatigue tests and one was kept as a reference. To validate the constructed device, being used to perform dynamic calibration, adjustments were at 150, 250, 350, 450 and 500 mmHg, in each set were performed eight simultaneous measurements of dynamic calibration mean pressure with the device and with a data acquisition board. After all tests were conducted, the transducers were re-characterized. The three characteristic curves obtained in the initial characterization showed statistically equivalence (p > 0.05) among themselves. After the fatigue tests no changes were observed in the responses of pressure transducers in the beginning and in the end of the tests, at the same pressure points (p > 0.05). Measurements of dynamic calibration pressure obtained with the prototype showed statistically equivalence (p > 0.05) throughout the tested pressure range, when compared with the results obtained with the data acquisition board. We conclude that the transducers currently used in surgical procedures may be used for dynamic calibration without losing their characteristics and that the constructed device can be used in surgery to adjust the roller pumps by the dynamic calibration method
Mestrado
Engenharia Biomedica
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
Finoti, Renata Geron. "Avaliação de oxigenador de membrana infantil em ovinos." Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2011. http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/114.
Full textTo analyze the security and efficacy of a new membrane oxygenator, the so-called OXM 1500. Methods: From May 2005 to September 2006, six sheep of Santa Inês breed (5 male and 1 female, respectively) were studied. The average body weight was 14.1 (±5) kg, body surface 0.6 (±0.2) m2 and a mean age 3.8 (±1.5) months. All of them were submitted to extracorporeal circulation (CEC) with evaluation at 10, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 minutes. The following values were obtained: values of oxygen transference (TTO2) and carbon dioxide transference (TTCO2), haemoglobin (HBS) and free haemoglobin (HBL), the score of platelets and of leucocytes, and heat transference rate. Results: TTO2 and TTCO2 were adequate. Lesion of the majority formed blood elements was insignificant; there no modifications in HBS, HBL levels; platelets and leucocytes decreased over time. Heat exchange was effective (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: The membrane OXM 1500 infant oxygenator, tested in sheep, showed adequate oxygenation capacity, CO2 removal capacity, and small alteration of haemoglobin and platelets without significant decrease of leucocytes, as expected. Heat exchanger connected to the oxygenator was efficient in temperature changes.
Analisar a segurança e a eficácia de um novo oxigenador de membrana denominado OXM -1500. Métodos: No período de maio de 2005 a setembro de 2006, foram estudados seis ovinos da raça Santa Inês, sendo cinco machos e uma fêmea, com peso corpóreo médio de 14,1 (±5) kg, superfície corpórea de 0,6 (±0,2) m2 e idade média de 3,8 (±1,5) meses. Todos foram submetidos à circulação extracorpórea (CEC) com avaliação nos tempos 10, 30, 60, 120, 180 e 240 minutos, obtendo-se os valores de taxa de transferência de oxigênio (TTO2) e de taxa de transferência de gás carbônico (TTCO2), hemoglobina sérica (HBS) e livre (HBL), plaquetometria, leucometria e taxa de transferência de calor. Resultados: Houve adequadas TTO2 e TTCO2. A lesão da maioria dos elementos figurados do sangue foi insignificante, sem alterações dos níveis de HBS, HBL, plaquetas e o número de leucócitos diminuíram com o tempo. A troca de calor foi efetiva (p ≤ 0,05). Conclusão: O oxigenador de membrana infantil OXM-1500, testado em ovinos, mostrou-se com capacidade adequada de oxigenação, remoção de gás carbônico e pequena alteração da hemoglobina e plaquetas, com diminuição do número de leucócitos de forma esperada. O trocador de calor acoplado ao oxigenador foi eficaz nas variações de temperatura.
Antunes, Nilson. "Influencia da ultrafiltração na remoção de mediadores inflamatorios durante circulação extracorporea e alterações da função organica monitorada pelo "Sequencial Organ Failure Assessment Score - SOFA" em pacientes submetidos a revascularização do miocar." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313474.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Objetivo: Investigar a eficácia da ultrafiltração na remoção de mediadores inflamatórios liberados pela circulação extracorpórea e correlacionar ultrafiltração com alterações da função orgânica de acordo com o "Seqüential Organ Failure Assessment Score". Métodos: Quarenta pacientes foram incluídos e randomizados em dois grupos: "sem ultrafiltração" (n=20; Grupo I) e "ultrafiltração" (n=20; Grupo II). Complementos 3 e 4 ativados, interleucina 1beta, 6, 8 e fator de necrose tumoral alfa foram dosados antes da indução anestésica (T1), 5 minutos antes da circulação extracorpórea (T2), no líquido ultrafiltrado (T3), 30 minutos (T4), 6 (T5), 12 (T6), 24 (T7), 36 (T8) e 48 (T9) horas após término da circulação extracorpórea. "Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score" foi avaliado nos tempos 1, 6 e 9. Significância estatística foi estabelecida com p = 0,05. Resultados: No líquido ultrafiltrado, apenas níveis de fator de necrose tumoral alfa foram detectados. Níveis de complemento 3 ativado, nos tempos 5 e 7, e complemento 4 ativado, nos tempos 5 e 6, foram significativamente elevados no grupo sem ultrafiltração, e níveis de interleucina 6 foram elevados no grupo ultrafiltrado, nos tempos 7 e 8. Interleucina 1beta, 8, fator de necrose tumoral alfa, e "Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score" não tiveram diferenças significantes entre os grupos. Conclusões: Ultrafiltração retira significativamente fator de necrose tumoral alfa, mas isto não influencia nos níveis séricos desta citocina. Ultrafiltração com o tipo de filtro usado neste estudo não filtra outros mediadores inflamatórios estudados e não diminui a disfunção orgânica no pós-operatório. Deverá ser usada apenas para controle volêmico nos pacientes submetidos à circulação extracorpórea.
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of ultrafiltration in removing inflammatory mediators released by cardiopulmonary bypass and to correlate ultrafiltration with alterations in organic function according to the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score. Methods: Forty patients were included and randomized into two groups: "no ultrafiltration" (n=20; Group I) and "ultrafiltration" (n=20; Group II). Activated complement 3 and 4, interleukins 1beta, 6, 8 and tumor necrosis factor alfa were measured prior to anesthesia induction (Time 1), 5 minutes before cardiopulmonary bypass (Time 2), in the ultrafiltrated fluid (Time 3), 30 minutes (Time 4), and 6 (Time 5), 12 (Time 6), 24 (Time 7), 36 (Time 8) and 48 (Time 9) hours following cardiopulmonary bypass. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score was evaluated at Time 1, 6 and 9. Statistical significance was established at p = 0.05. Results: In the ultrafiltrated fluid, only tumor necrosis factor alfa levels were detected. Levels of activated complement 3 at Times 5 and 7 and activated complement 4 at Times 5 and 6 were significantly higher in the unfiltered Group, and levels of interleukin 6 were higher in the filtered Group at Times 7 and 8. Interleukins 1beta, 8, tumor necrosis factor alfa, and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score were not significantly different between the groups. Conclusions: Ultrafiltration significantly filtered tumor necrosis factor alfa but did not influences serum levels of this cytokine. Ultrafiltration with the type of filter used in this study had no effect in organic dysfunction and should be used only for volemic control in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.
Universidade Estadual de Campi
Pesquisa Experimental
Doutor em Cirurgia
Dias, Sandra de Cássia. "Purificação e caracterização da aprotinina obtida de pulmão suíno." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-26062009-105405/.
Full textAprotinin, an acid stable serine proteinase inhibitor with a molecular mass of 7 kDa, is used as a reagent or drug. The purification of the aprotinin from porcine lungs was the main objective of this work. Three procedures were used. The first one utilized the trypsin-agarose column. The tangential ultra filtration and trypsin-Sepharose column were used in the second procedure. And finally, the gel filtration, ion-exchange and affinity chromatography were employed in the third procedure. The porcine lung aprotinin was purified using the third procedure. The partial sequence of the aprotinin gene was obtained and showed 74% of the identity with the aprotinin bovine gene sequence. Another two acid stable serine proteinase inhibitors were purified: the active fragment of the secretory leukoprotease inhibitor second domain, and one high molecular mass inhibitor, probably bikunina. The purification protocol used in this work recovered 85mg of the porcine aprotinin from kg of lung.
Kruse, Lilian Charlotte. "Entwicklung eines Tiermodells am akut instrumentierten Schwein zur Untersuchung endogener Opioidpeptide unter der extrakorporalen Zirkulation." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-38029.
Full textArkader, Ronaldo. "Concentrações de adrenomedulina e relações com o eixo hipófise-adrenal e o controle glicêmico de crianças submetidas à cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5141/tde-12012009-105643/.
Full textBackground: Adrenomedullin (AM), a recently identified vasoactive peptide, is expressed in a large number of tissues and was found to be increased in some pathophysiologic conditions such as sepsis and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS). It has been shown that AM inhibits insulin secretion by means of a direct action on pancreatic -cells thus contributing to the genesis and sustaining of hypeglicemia, a common condition in critically ill pediatric patients. Therefore, the strict control of glucose concentrations has proved beneficial and associated to decrement of morbimortality rates in adults and children. The aim of the present study was to monitor serum adrenomedullin concentration in parallel with interleukin-6, plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide, as well as ACTH and cortisol in pediatric patients submitted to cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) representing a SIRS model. Methods: Twenty children aged 11-84 months who underwent cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass were prospective studied. Blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, interleukin- 6 and AM were measured immediately before cardiopulmonary bypass (BCPB), immediately after CPB, on the first (POD1), second (POD2) and third days (POD3) after surgery. Data were expressed by median values and inter quartile range. All children received profilatic antibiotic (cefuroxime 150mg/kg) and methylprednisolone (30mg/kg) during induction of anesthesia. Results: Adrenomedullin increased from 1.13 ng/mL (0.83 1.81) BCPB to 3.28 ng/mL (1.82 4.25) in POD1 (p=0.0005). Insulin dropped from 10.9 U/mL (10.5 13.6) BCPB to 2.88 U/mL (1.68 3.46) in POD1 (p=0.0000). C-peptide decreased from 1.44 (0.93 2.08) BCPB to 0.89 ng/mL (0.58 2.06) in POD1 (p=0.076). Glucose increased from 86.5 mg/dL (67 88) BCPB to 169 mg/dL (153 201) in POD1 (p=0.0000). No significant changes were observed in ACTH and cortisol levels. After CPB, IL-6 concentrations of all patients were significantly increased and returned to basal values in POD3 (p=0.0009). There was a negative correlation between C-peptide an adrenomedullin in POD1 (R= - 0.70 - p< 0.0009). Conclusion: Our results indicate that adrenomedullin might be partly responsible for the genesis and sustaining of hyperglycemia in pediatric SIRS patients, by means of the decrement of insulin and C- peptide levels
Figueiredo, Luciana Castilho de. "Efeitos da pressão positiva continua nas vias aereas aplicada durantes a circulação extracorporea na troca gasosa pulmonar no pos-operatorio de cirurgia de revascularização miocardica." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311996.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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ResumoObjetivo: Comparar os índices de trocas gasosas no pós-operatório de pacientes submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio (RM) que receberam ou não pressão positiva contínua nas vias aéreas (CPAP) durante a circulação extracorpórea (CEC). Método: Trinta pacientes adultos submetidos à RM com CEC no período de março a setembro de 2005 foram alocados aleatoriamente em dois grupos: CPAP (n=15), pacientes que utilizaram CPAP a 10 cmH2O durante a CEC, e controle (n=15), pacientes que não utilizaram CPAP. Foram analisados a PaO2/FiO2 e o P(A-a)O2 em quatro momentos: Pré (logo antes da CEC, com FiO2 = 1,0); Pós (30min pós-CEC, com FiO2 = 1,0); PO imediato (12h após a cirurgia, com FiO2 = 0,4 utilizando máscara facial) e 1º PO (24 horas após a cirurgia, com FiO2 = 0,5 utilizando máscara facial). Resultados: A PaO2/FiO2 e o P(A-a)O2 mostraram uma piora significativa no decorrer do tempo dentro de cada grupo, porém sem diferenças significativas entre os grupos em nenhum momento. Quando a PaO2/FiO2 foi subdividida em três categorias, foi observada uma maior prevalência de pacientes do grupo CPAP com valores acima de 200mmHg (p=0,02) apenas no momento Pós (30min pós-CEC). Conclusão: O uso de CPAP de 10cmH2O durante a CEC, muito embora tenha resultado em melhores valores na PaO2/FiO2 30 minutos pós-CEC, não resultou em benefícios duradouros nas trocas gasosas durante o PO. Concluiu-se que, em pacientes submetidos à RM, a aplicação de CPAP 10cmH2O não melhora significativamente as trocas gasosas pulmonares no pós-operatório.
Abstract: Objective: To compare postoperative (PO) pulmonary gas exchange indexes in patients submitted to myocardial revascularization (MR) with or without the application of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: Thirty adult patients submitted to MR with CPB between March and September 2005 were randomly allocated to two groups: CPAP (n=15), patients that received CPAP at 10 cmH2O during CPB, and control (n=15), patients that didn't receive CPAP. PaO2/FiO2 and P(A-a)O2 were analyzed at four moments: Pre (just before CPB, with FiO2 = 1.0 ); Post (30min post-CPB, with FiO2 = 1.0); immediate PO period (12h post-surgery, with FiO2 = 0.4 by a facial mask) and first PO day (24h post-surgery, with FiO2 = 0.5 by a facial mask). Results: PaO2/FiO2 and P(A-a)O2 tend to get significantly worst as time elapsed during the postoperative period in both groups, but no differences were observed between them at any moment. When PaO2/FiO2 was subdivided into three categories, a greater prevalence of patients with values greater than 200 mmHg were observed in CPAP group only at moment Post (30min post-CPB; p = 0.02). Conclusion: CPAP at 10 cmH2O administered during CPB, although had lightly improved PaO2/FiO2 at 30 minutes post-CPB, had no significant sustained effect on postoperative pulmonary gas exchange. It was concluded that in patients submitted to MR, application of 10 cmH2O CPAP does not improve postoperative pulmonary gas exchange.
Doutorado
Pesquisa Experimental
Doutor em Cirurgia
Freitas, Cláudia Regina da Costa. "Avaliação do efeito da manutenção da perfusão e ventilação dos pulmões durante a circulação extracorpórea sobre a resposta inflamatória: estudo experimental." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5152/tde-01082013-143111/.
Full textBACKGROUND: Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury and the membrane oxygenator are considered important factors in the inflammatory response after cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Previous studies using the own lung as the oxygenator with a biventricular bypass demonstrated the beneficial effects of this technique. However, lung inflammation was not fully evaluated in this scenario. The aim of this study was to observe the impact of the exclusion of the membrane oxygenator and maintenance of lung perfusion on regional lung inflammation in pigs undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. METHODS: Twenty-seven mechanically ventilated pigs were subjected to a thoracotomy and randomly allocated into Control (n=8), CPB (n=9) or Lung Perfusion (n=10) groups. Animals from the CPB group and Lung Perfusion group were subjected respectively to a conventional CPB or to a biventricular bypass with pulmonary ventilation and perfusion without a membrane oxygenator for 90 minutes. The systemic interleukins (ILs) were determined at baseline, after bypass and 90 min after bypass or at equivalent times in the Control group. ILs from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) were evaluated at baseline and 90 min after bypass. Tissue samples were collected from the dorsal and ventral regions of the left lung for assessment of the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) per parenchyma area and edema. Data were evaluated using ANOVA and p< 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The CPB group showed increased lung inflammation, with an increased PMN count compared to the Control (p<0,001) at ventral (2.8 x10-6± 0.7 x10-6 vs. 1.6 x10-6± 0.5 x10-6 , respectively) and dorsal regions (3.3 x10-6 ± 1.0 x10-6 vs. 1.9 x10-6 ± 0.5 x10-6, respectively) and to Lung Perfusion Group (p = 0.006) at ventral (2.3 x10-6 ± 0.7 x10-7) e dorsal regions (2.1 x10-6 ± 0.7 x10-6). Edema was higher in the CPB group compared to the Control at ventral and dorsal regions (2.4 x10-2± 3.5 x10-2 vs. 8.2 x10 -4± 0.2 x10-4 and 5.7 x10 -2 ± 4.3 x10-2 vs. 0.3 x10-2 ± 1.0 x10-2, respectively, p = 0.016) and increased in the dorsal region in all groups (p = 0.004). BAL IL10 and IL6 were higher in groups subjected to CPB group (41.9 ± 12.2, p = 0.010 e 239.4 ± 45.2, p<0.001, respectively) and to Lung Perfusion group (40.7 ± 12.0, p = 0.016 e 174.8 ± 61.2, p = 0.004, respectively) compared to Control group (21.0 ± 6.9 e 71.8 ± 29.8). Systemic interleukins did not differ between groups (p > 0.05). The CPB group compared to Lung Perfusion group showed a higher increase in BAL IL6 (239,4 ± 45,2 vs. 174,8 ± 61,2, p = 0,027, respectively) and in serum IL8 over time (193,1 ± 108,8 vs. 147,0 ± 59,4, p = 0,040, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In a pig model of extracorporeal circulation, maintenance of lung perfusion and ventilation with biventricular bypass attenuates the pulmonary inflammation as compared to conventional CPB
Nogueira, Célia Regina Simões da Rocha. "Avaliação comparativa da qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica com e sem circulação extracorpórea no período de 12 meses." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-28012009-133257/.
Full textIntroduction: The therapeutic and technological advances in cardiology have enabled the survival of people affected by coronary artery disease. Techniques for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has enabled surgical results, with less systemic damage, lower incidence of clinical complications, a shorter stay in the intensive care room and also in length of stay, generating expectations of better quality of life (QoL) of patients. Objective: To evaluate and compare the self-perceived quality of life in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease with stable angina and preserved ventricular function randomized for CABG with or without cardiopulmonary bypass during the twelve months period. Methods: The generic questionnaire of QoL Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and demographic profile questionnaire were applied on 202 patients randomized for one of the two surgical techniques options at baseline, 6 and 12 months follow-up. Results: Between January 2002 and December 2006, 105 and 97 patients were submitted to surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass or with cardiopulmonary bypass, respectively. The demographic, clinical, laboratory and angiographic characteristics were similar in both groups. The assessment of quality of life showed similarity in both groups regarding to physical and mental components, showing improvement in all 8 subscales domain of the SF-36 across the follow-up. Additionally, analyzing the frequency of improvement in each dimension at 12 months, stratified by the type of technical surgery, we found the off-pump surgery was an independent marker of improvement in overall health status. Patients underwent surgery without CPB had two-fold increase risk of improvement in health status. In addition, no interaction was found between surgical technique and gender. Regarding to return to work after surgery, higher number of patients on offpump group was observed compared to on-pump group. Conclusion: Regardless of surgical technique used, comparable improved perception of quality of life in all dimensions was observed after six months follow-up lasting until the end of the study.
Girardi, Priscyla Borges Miyamoto de Araújo. "Custos comparativos entre a revascularização miocárdica com e sem circulação extracorpórea." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-10092009-115211/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Techniques of coronary artery bypass grafting without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) aim surgical results with less systemic damage, lower incidence of clinical complications and shorter hospitalization, generating expectations of lower hospital costs. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the hospital cost in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with and without the use of CPB, in patients with multivessel coronary disease with stable preserved ventricular function. METHODS: Hospital costs were based on the current local government payment for the cardiac surgery. The use of orthoses, prostheses, and the clinical complications events were added in the cost. It was also added the duration of staying at ICU and total hospitalization period in the final cost. Yet, it was not considered remuneration of medical professionals as well as the cost of the depreciation of equipment, administration fee of land, water, electricity, phone, food, laboratory tests for admission and medicines. RESULTS: From January 2002 to August 2006, 131 patients and 128 patients were randomized for surgery with CPB and without CPB, respectively. The baseline characteristics were similar for both groups. The cost of surgical complications of the group without CPB were significantly lower compared to the group with CPB (606.00 ± 525.00 vs 945, 90 ± 440.00, p <0,001); as well as, the costs of ICU (432, 20 ± 391.70 vs 717.70 ± 257.70, p<0,001). Yet, the final cost was higher in the without CPB group (6.877,00 ± 525,20 vs 5.305,00 ± 440,11; p<0.001) due to the price of the Octopus stabilizer. Additionally, the occupation time at the operating room was (4.9 ± 1.1h vs 3, 9 ± 1.0h, p<0,001), at the ICU was (48.25 ± 17.2h vs 29, 20 ± 26.1h, p<0001) with intubations time (9.2 ± 4.5h vs 6, 4 ± 5.1h, p <0001) in the group with CPB and without CPB, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results showed that the coronary artery bypass grafting without cardiopulmonary bypass has decreased operational costs related to reduce length of stay in each sector of the surgical procedure. However, the high cost of the stabilizer lead to increased final cost of SCEC surgery.
Santos, Diego Felipe Gaia dos [UNIFESP]. "Experiência inicial da Universidade Federal de São Paulo no desenvolvimento e aplicação do implante valvar aórtico transcateter." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2009. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9612.
Full textFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
OBJETIVO: A troca valvar aórtica é procedimento rotineiro, envolve substituição da valva nativa/prótese. Na maioria destes pacientes o risco é aceitável, porém, em alguns casos, o risco predito pode justificar contra-indicação. O implante de valva aórtica minimamente invasivo transcateter tem se mostrado viável e com menor morbi-mortalidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver bioprótese aórtica nacional, montada em cateter, para implante em posição aórtica. MÉTODO: Após desenvolvimento em animais, 14 pacientes com EuroSCORE elevado foram submetidos ao implante. A idade média dos pacientes foi 75,5 anos. O Euroscore logístico médio foi 43,7 %. Quatro pacientes apresentavam disfunção de biopróteses e o restante, estenose aórtica grave com gradiente de pico médio de 79,7 mmHg. Após minitoracotomia e sob controle ecocardiográfico e fluoroscópico, cateter-balão foi posicionado sobre posição aórtica e insuflado. Após, segundo cateter-balão, com endoprótese valvada, foi posicionado e liberado sob alta frequência ventricular ou hipotensão controlada por drenagem sanguínea. Controles angiográficos e ecocardiográficos foram realizados e pacientes encaminhados para UTI. RESULTADOS: O implante foi possível em 13 casos. Não ocorreram óbitos intraoperatórios. A mortalidade geral foi 42%. O gradiente valvar aórtico reduziu de forma significativa para 25,0 mmHg em média, a função ventricular esquerda apresentou melhora significativa nos primeiros 7 dias de evolução. A regurgitação aórtica perivalvar esteve presente na maioria dos casos, porém foi predominantemente leve. A contagem plaquetária reduziu de forma significativa após o procedimento, recuperando seu valor inicial apenas após 30 dias. CONCLUSÃO: O implante de bioprótese transapical montada em cateter mostrou ser procedimento factível. Detalhes técnicos e a curva de aprendizado demandam discussão.
OBJECTIVE: The aortic valve replacement is a routine procedure, and involves replacement of the native valve/prosthesis. In most of the patients who undergo such procedure the risk is acceptable, but in some cases, such risk can justify contraindication. The minimally invasive transcatheter aortic valve implantation has been viable, with lower morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to develop a national catheter-mounted aortic bioprosthesis for aortic position implant. METHOD: After animal studies, 14 patients with high EuroSCORE underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Median age was 75,5 years. Median Logistic EuroSCORE was 43,7%. Four patients presented with disfunctional bioprosthesis, remainig ones presented calcified aortic stenosis (peak transvalvular gradient 79,7 mmHg). After minithoracotomy and under echocardiograph and fluoroscopic control, a balloon catheter was placed on aortic position and inflated. After, a second balloon with valved endoprosthesis was positioned and released under high ventricular rate. Echocardiograph and angiograph controls were performed and the patients were referred to ICU. RESULTS: Implant was feasible in 13 cases. There were no intra-operative deaths. Mortality was 42%. Median peak transvalvular aortic gradient reduced to 25,0 mmHg, and left ventricular function improved in the first 7 post operative days. Paravalvular aortic regurgitation was mild and present in most cases. Platelet count significantly decreased after procedure, but returned to normal values after 30 days. CONCLUSION: The transapical implantation of catheter-mounted bioprosthesis was a feasible procedure. Technical details and learning curve require further discussion.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
Neto, Vicente Avila. ""Estudo dos efeitos da estimulação atrial temporária na prevenção da fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório de cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio com circulação extracorpórea"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-07082006-135838/.
Full textWe studied the effects of temporary atrial pacing to prevent the atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery and the risk factors to occurrence of this arrhytmia. We followed-up 240 patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery who suffered temporary pacing atrial implantation at the end of operation. The patients were randomized into three groups according pacing stimulation into right atrial pacing, biatrial pacing and no stimulated patients. We concluded that the temporary atrial pacing reduced the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation. In addition older age was also a predictive factor of occurrence of atrial fibrillation
Junior, Jose Otavio Costa Auler. "Avaliação da função respiratória antes e depois da cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracopórea em pacientes anestésiados, entubados e curarizados: estudo da mecânica respiratória com um novo método baseado em fluxo inspiratório. Estudo da ventilação e da oxigenação pulmonar." Universidade de São Paulo, 1986. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5144/tde-27012011-173444/.
Full textThe aim of this work was to study the respiratory alterations caused by cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass in 12 randomly selected anesthetized paralyzed adult patients; 6 with acquired valvar disease and 6 with ischmic cardiopathy. Respiratory alterations were assessed by respiratory mechanics and lung ventilation-oxygenation measurements. Respiratory mechanics analyzed the respiratory system as a whole and partitioned into its components: lung and chest wall, measuring both the elastic and resistive properties were measured using a constant inflation flow followed bu a sudden occlusion. This analysis provides the maximum resistance value (Rmax), the minimum resistance value (Rmin), and the resistance caused by the uneven distribution of mechanical properties within the system (Ru), for respiratory system, lung and chest wall. This analysis is based on the frequency dependence differences of each component of respiratory system. The ventilation-oxygenation evaluation was done by the calculation of pulmonary shunt and the alveolar arterial oxygen gradient (P (A-a)O2). Both mechanical and ventilation-oxygenation measurement were done with a oxygen inspired fraction of 1 and performed 15 to 30 minutes after tracheal intubation and repeated just after thorax closure. [...]
Silva, Fernando Cássio do Prado. "Associação entre os níveis séricos de proteína S100beta; e enolase específica de neurônio e a ocorrência de disfunção cognitiva após revascularização miocárdica com circulação extracorpórea." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5152/tde-18092013-164719/.
Full textBackground: Systemic inflammatory response after cardiac surgery is associated with increased brain injury markers and development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between POCD and serum levels S100beta protein and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: 73 patients undergoing CABG surgery with CPB were investigated. Cognitive function was assessed by psychologists preoperatively and at 3, 7, 21, 90 and 180 days after surgery, using neurocognitive tests for specific recognition deficits in attention, memory, executive function and language. Serum levels S100beta protein and NSE were measured preoperatively, after induction of anesthesia, in the end of surgery, and 6 and 24 hours after surgery. Association between POCD and serum levels S100beta protein and NSE was assessed with ANOVA and ANOVA with repeated measurements. Differences were analyzed by Tukey\'s multiple comparison. Results were significant at p <0.05. Results: The mean age of patients was 61.8 ± 9.1 years. POCD was observed in 63.1% of patients after 21 days and 21.7% after 6 months of surgery. Postoperative delirium was seen in 46.6% of patients in the first week after surgery. The highest serum levels of S100beta protein (1.8 ng/mL) and NSE (18.2 ng/mL) were seen at the end of surgery and 6 hours after surgery, respectively. However, this study not observed a significant association between POCD and increased serum levels brain injury markers. Conclusions: The present study observed a high prevalence of POCD. Additionally, serum levels S100beta protein and NSE increased postoperatively. However, while CABG surgery with CPB is significantly related to POCD and elevated serum levels S100beta protein and NSE, the increased levels of such brain injury markers was not associated with POCD
Raux, Olivier. "Utilisation de la circulation extracorporelle comme modèle d'étude hémodynamique : application au propofol." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON11095.
Full textPereira, Valéria Adriana. "Teste da debrisoquina na medida da atividade CYP2D6 em pacientes coronarianos Submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio com circulação extracorpórea (OU) Teste da debrisoquina na medida da atividade CYP2D6 em pacientes submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio com circulação extracorpórea." Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9137/tde-21092017-162044/.
Full textAbstract not available.
Kosour, Carolina. "Influencia da ultrafiltração intra-operatoria na retirada de interleucinas, fator de necrose tumoral-alfa e na função pulmonar em pacientes submetidos a revascularização do miocardio com circulação extracorporea." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308813.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T12:28:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kosour_Carolina_D.pdf: 5835134 bytes, checksum: f6d1efdf0f5f0705f3ba5432ea02cab5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: Introdução: A operação cardíaca com utilização da circulação extracorpórea (CEC) está associada ao desenvolvimento da resposta inflamatória sistêmica e, como conseqüência, à disfunção pulmonar. O uso de ultrafiltração no intra-operatório tem sido proposto para remoção dos mediadores inflamatórios liberados durante a CEC, na tentativa de minimizar a resposta inflamatória. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da ultrafiltração nos níveis séricos de interleucinas, fator de necrose tumoral-alfa e na função pulmonar de pacientes submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio. Método: Foi realizado um estudo clínico, prospectivo, randomizado, com 40 pacientes, divididos em dois grupos, em um hospital terciário. Um grupo foi submetido à ultrafiltração (UF) durante a CEC e outro grupo (controle), não. Foram mensurados interleucinas (IL-ip, IL-6, IL-8), fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF-a), índices de troca gasosa pulmonar [PaO2/FiO2, D(A-a)O2 e VD/VT] e mecânica ventilatória (Cst e Raw) nos períodos pré-operatório, intra-operatório e dois dias de pós-operatório. As interleucinas e TNF-a foram analisadas também no perfusato, no grupo teste. Resultados: Houve aumento de IL-ip (30 minutos após a CEC e 12 horas após a operação) e IL-6 (24 e 36 horas após a operação) no grupo UF comparado ao grupo controle. Houve aumento de IL-6 em todos os tempos comparados ao tempo inicial, em ambos os grupos. Foi observada diminuição da IL-8 cinco minutos antes da CEC e aumento seis, i2, 24, e 36 horas após operação, além de aumento de TNF-a nos tempos 30 minutos após CEC, 24, 36 e 48 horas após operação. Na análise do líquido ultrafiltrado foi identificada a presença de TNF-a e das demais IL-ip, IL-6, IL-8, somente em traços. Na função pulmonar, houve piora da PaO2/FiO2, D(A-a)O2, VD/VT, cinco minutos antes da CEC, além da diminuição da D(A-a)O2 30 minutos após CEC, seis,i2, 24 e 36 horas após operação. Houve aumento da complacência estática pulmonar (Cst) e queda da resistência de vias aéreas (Raw) cinco minutos antes da CEC, além da queda da Raw seis horas após a operação nos dois grupos. Conclusão: A utilização de ultrafiltração aumentou o nível sérico das IL-i e IL-6, não interferindo na troca gasosa e na mecânica pulmonar de pacientes submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio
Abstract: Introduction: Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with the development of systemic inflammatory response and, in consequence, pulmonary dysfunction. The use of ultrafiltration intraoperatively has been proposed to remove inflammatory mediators released during CPB in an attempt to minimize the inflammatory response. Objective: Evaluating the effect of ultrafiltration on the serum levels of interleukin, tumor necrosis factor alpha and pulmonary function in patients undergoing myocardial revascularization. Methods: It was carried out a prospective randomized clinical trial on 40 patients divided into two groups, in a tertiary hospital. One group was submitted to ultrafiltration (UF) during CPB whereas the other group (control), was not. It were mensured interleukins (IL-ip, IL-6, IL-8), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), pulmonary gas exchange indexes [PaO2/FiO2, D(A-a)O2 and VD/VT] as well as respiratory mechanics (Cst e Raw) in the preoperative and intraoperative periods and postoperatively. The interleukins and TNF-a were also analyzed in the perfusate in the test group. Results: There was an increase in IL-ip (30 minutes after CPB and 12 hours after surgery) and in IL-6 (24 and 36 hours after surgery) in the UF group by comparison with the control one. There was also an increase in IL-6 at all schedulled times compared to the initial period in both groups. It was noticed a decrease in IL-8 five minutes before CPB and an increase six, i2, 24 and 36 hours after surgery in addition to an increase in TNF- a at the times 30 minutes after CPB, 24, 36 and 48 hours after surgery. On analyzing the ultrafiltrated fluid it was identified the presence of TNF-a and the other IL-ip, IL-6, IL-8 only in traces. Regarding pulmonary function, there was a worsening of PaO2/FiO2, D(A-a)O2, and VD/VT five minutes prior to CPB in addition to a decrease in D(A-a)O2 30 minutes after CPB, six, 12, 24 and 36 hours after surgery. There was an increase in the pulmonary static compliance, and a fall of the airway resistance five minutes before CPB. Also, there was a fall of the airway resistance six hours after surgery in both groups. Conclusion: The use of ultrafiltration has increased the serum levels of IL-1 and IL-6 without interfering with the pulmonary gas exchange and respiratory mechanics in patients undergoing myocardial revascularization
Doutorado
Pesquisa Experimental
Doutor em Cirurgia
Aweda, Moses Adebayo. "Microcapteurs : application en circulation extra-corporelle." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30213.
Full textThis work is a study of microsensors for continuous in-vivo measurements of blood parameters during extracorporeal circulation (ECC), in particular blood pH and ionic conductivity. A brief introduction of ECC has been given, follo[w]ed by a concise summary of the working principles of different pH microsensors. Invasive measurements are faced with a number of problems due to the immunological defence systems in the blood. Some biocompatible and semipermeable membranes have been studied for use as materials for blood/microsensor interfaces. The Ir/Ir02 pH microsensors have been coated with these biocompatible membranes. The packaging of the ionic conductivity microsensor in a convinient form for use in an ECC has been done and a suitable conductimeter designed. A computerized data acquisition system, suitable for simultaneous and continuous monitoring of blood parameters during an ECC for some hours has been built. The performance of the microsensors and the data acquiston system was tested for about six hours in an ECC with a sheep
Oikawa, Fernando Teiichi Costa. "Liberação de marcadores de necrose miocárdica após revascularização cirúrgica com circulação extracorpórea. Um estudo com ressonância nuclear magnética." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-10112017-123424/.
Full textBackground: The diagnosis of periprocedural myocardial infarction is complex, especially after the emergence of high-sensitive markers of myocardial necrosis. Methods: In this prospective study, patients with stable multivessel coronary disease, preserved left ventricular function, normal baseline cardiac biomarkers, and formal indication for elective on-pump coronary bypass surgery (ONCAB) were evaluated. Electrocardiograms, cardiac biomarkers CKMB and troponin I (cTnI), and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) with late gadolinium enhancement were performed before and after procedures. Myocardial infarction (MI) was defined as more than ten times the upper reference limit of the 99th percentile for cTnI and for CKMB and by the findings of new late gadolinium enhancement on CMR. We assessed the release of cardiac biomarkers in patients with no evidence of myocardial infarction on CMR. Results: From 75 patients referred to ONCAB, 69 were analyzed in this study. From these, 54 patients did not have evidence of MI on CMR. This group had 39 men (72.2%), mean age of 61.3 (± 8.3) years and a mean SYNTAX Score of 28 (± 10). After CABG, all 54 (100%) patients had a peak cTnI above the 99th percentile, and 52 (96%) had an elevation 10 times higher than the 99th percentile. Regarding CKMB, 54 (100%) patients had a peak CKMB above the 99th percentile limit, and only 13 (24%) had an elevation greater than 10 times the 99th percentile. The median value of cTnI peak was 3.15 (2.0 to 4.9) ng/mL. This represented 78.75 times the 99th percentile. Conclusion: In this sample, CKMB, unlike cTnI, had levels of release within the standards recommended by the guidelines and coincided with lack of enhancement in CMR. These data suggest a higher troponin cutoff point for the diagnosis of MI related to the procedure
Goraieb, Lilian. "Comportamento Pulmonar nos Portadores de Cardiopatias Congênitas com Hiperfluxo Pulmonar após Tratamento Cirúrgico." Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2005. http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/216.
Full textObjective: To evaluate the behavior of the pulmonary compliance and resistance of the airway passage in patients with high blood flow congenital heart disease undergoing surgical treatment with cardiopulmonary bypass. Method: The static pulmonary compliance and the airway resistance were evaluated in 35 patients during the intraoperative period, in four distinct instants: the first, before the thorax opening, with the infants being already anesthetized, under mechanical ventilation; the second, after thorax and pericardium opening, with the retractors in position; the third, five minutes after the end of cardiopulmonary bypass; the forth, after thorax closing. Pulmonary measurements were performed non-invasively by means of the airway occlusion at the end of inspiration, and the use of proper mathematical formula. In different periods, the observed and related variables with the pulmonary changes were: preoperative, the age, weight and systemic and pulmonary blood flow; intraoperative, the perfusion and the anoxia duration and the minimum body temperature; and, postoperative, duration of mechanical ventilatory support and the length of stay in the ICU. Results: At the end of the surgery, the pulmonary compliance showed a significant and immediate increase (P<0.001) in all the patients. Patients over 30-months as well as the ones with weight over 10kg showed greater increase; P=0.0004, P=0.0006, respectively. Patients with 50-minute duration of cardiopulmonary bypass delayed more to present increase of pulmonary compliance (P=0.04). The resistance of the airway passage did not present significant alteration at the end of surgical correction (P=0.393). Conclusion: All the patients presented pulmonary compliance improvement at the end of the surgery. It was influenced significantly by the age, weight and duration of cardiopulmonary bypass; however, the resistance of the airway passage has not changed.
Avaliar o comportamento da complacência pulmonar e resistência da via aérea nos pacientes portadores de cardiopatias congênitas com hiperfluxo pulmonar submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico com auxílio de circulação extracorpórea. Método: Trinta e cinco pacientes foram avaliados com medidas de complacência estática e resistência da via aérea em quatro instantes distintos durante a cirurgia: O primeiro antes da abertura do tórax, com a criança já anestesiada e sob ventilação mecânica. O segundo, após a abertura do tórax e pericárdio, com os afastadores posicionados. O terceiro, cinco minutos após a saída de circulação extracorpórea e o quarto, após o fechamento do tórax. As medidas pulmonares foram feitas de forma não invasiva com o método de oclusão da via aérea ao final da inspiração e uso de fórmulas matemáticas específicas. As variáveis observadas e relacionadas às alterações pulmonares foram: No período pré-operatório, idade, peso e a relação entre fluxo sanguíneo sistêmico e pulmonar, no intra-operatório, tempos de perfusão, de anóxia e temperatura mínima, no pós-operatório, tempo de ventilação mecânica e tempo de permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva. Resultados: A Complacência pulmonar ao final da cirurgia mostrou aumento significativo imediato (P<0,001) em todos os pacientes. Pacientes maiores de 30 meses tiveram maior aumento (P=0,0004). Os com peso superior a 10kg também apresentaram maior aumento (P=0,0006). Pacientes com tempo de circulação extracorpórea maior que 50 minutos demoraram mais para apresentar aumento da complacência pulmonar (P=0,04). A resistência da via aérea não apresentou alteração significativa ao final da correção cirúrgica (P=0,393). Conclusão: A complacência pulmonar apresentou melhora ao final da cirurgia em todos os pacientes, sendo influenciada de forma significativa pela idade, peso e tempo de circulação extracorpórea. A resistência da via aérea, entretanto, não se alterou.
Bastien, Olivier. "Conséquences immunologiques et splanchniques de la circulation extra corporelle." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO1T061.
Full textPOMES, CHRISTINE. "Modifications oculaires au cours des circulations extra-corporelles." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU31237.
Full textRichaud, Geneviève. "Les dérivés de la 5 lipoxygénase en physiologie et en pathologie : contribution expérimentale : étude de la capacité de synthèse de ces dérivés par les polynucléaires neutrophiles en circulation extracorporelle pour chirurgie cardiaque." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11243.
Full textChauveau, Nicolas. "Système évolutif d'aide à la conduite d'une circulation extra-corporelle." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30207.
Full textScudeler, Thiago Luis. "Custo-efetividade da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio com e sem circulação extracorpórea em pacientes portadores de doençaa coronariana multiarteria estável: resultados do estudo MASS III." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-06042018-125557/.
Full textBackground: The MASS III trial revealed that in patients with multivessel coronary disease, no significant difference was observed between on-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) in the primary composite outcome. However, long-term cost-effectiveness of these strategies is unknown. Methods: Patients with stable multivessel coronary artery disease and preserved left ventricular function were randomized to onpump (n=153) or off-pump CABG (n=155). The 2 groups were well matched for baseline characteristics. Costs analysis was conducted from a Brazilian public healthcare system perspective, and health state utilities were assessed using the SF-6D questionnaire. A Markov\'s model based on the 5- year in-trial data was used to extrapolate costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) for chronic coronary disease. Results: Both groups\' quality of life improved significantly after surgery during follow-up compared with baseline, and life-years gained (LYG) and QALY gains were similar between on-pump and off-pump CABG over the 5-year time frame of the trial. The costs for the overall period of the trial - the mean cost in U.S. dollars per patient - did not differ significantly between the off-pump group and the on-pump group ($5674.75 and $5890.29 respectively, p=0.409). Over a lifetime horizon, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of on-pump vs. off-pump CABG was $12,576 per QALY gained, which was robust in Monte Carlo replications and in sensitivity analyses. Using a cost-effectiveness threshold of $10,122 per QALY gained, off-pump has 65% probability of being cost-effective versus on-pump CABG. Conclusions: Off-pump CABG was clinically as safe and effective as on-pump CABG and appears to be an economically attractive strategy compared with on-pump CABG among patients with stable coronary artery disease
Cunha, Cláudio Ribeiro da. "Perfil das citocinas e correlação com a morbidade no período pós-operatório em crianças com diagnostico de cardiopatias congênitas não cianosantes submetidas a cirurgia corretiva com circulação extracorpórea." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2012. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/16585.
Full textA cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica com auxílio da circulação extracorpórea (CEC) está associada a uma resposta inflamatória complexa, de intensidade variável. Em alguns casos tal reação pode desencadear uma disfunção de múltiplos órgãos resultando em morbidade e mortalidade significativas. Estudos prévios demonstraram a participação de citocinas tanto com perfil pró-inflamatório quanto anti-inflamatório na resposta inflamatória nesse grupo de pacientes, assim como sua relação com a morbidade no período pós-operatório (PO). O presente estudo teve os seguintes objetivos: delinear a cinética das concentrações plasmáticas de oito diferentes citocinas, determinar o impacto da hemotransfusão nesta cinética e avaliar a possível correlação da cinética das concentrações plasmáticas das citocinas com a morbidade no PO. A casuística foi constituída por um grupo de 19 crianças com diagnóstico de cardiopatias congênitas não cianosantes com sobrecarga de volume de ventrículo esquerdo e hiperfluxo pulmonar, classificadas como de baixo risco para mortalidade operatória, submetidas a cirurgia corretiva com CEC. Foram coletadas amostras sanguíneas das crianças incluídas no estudo em sete momentos diferentes: após a indução da anestesia mas antes do início da cirurgia (T0), cinco minutos após o início da CEC (T1), cinco minutos após a abertura da pinça da aorta (T2), ao final do procedimento cirúrgico (T3), quatro horas após o final da cirurgia (T4) , primeiro dia de PO (T5) e segundo dia de PO (T6). Para cada amostra foi realizada a mensuração das concentrações plasmáticas da interleucina (IL)-2, interleucina (IL)-4, interleucina (IL)-6, interleucina (IL)-10, interleucina (IL)-17, fator de necrose tumoral (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ e do fator inibidor da migração de macrófagos (MIF). Também foram avaliadas a transfusão de hemoderivados e oito variáveis relacionadas a morbidade: tempo de CEC, tempo de pinçamento aórtico, escore inotrópico, escore de TISS cumulativo, índice de oxigenação, volume de sangramento pós-‐operatório nas primeiras 48 horas, tempo de ventilação mecânica e tempo de internação na UTI no período pós-operatório. Considerando a cinética das concentrações plasmáticas das citocinas avaliadas, as concentrações de IL-6, IL-10 e MIF se modificaram significativamente em resposta ao procedimento cirúrgico. As concentrações de IL-6 se elevaram em T3, T4 e T5 e retornaram aos valores basais em T6. As concentrações de IL-10 se elevaram em T2, T3 e T4 e retornaram aos valores basais em T5. As concentrações de MIF se elevaram em T2 e T3, retornaram aos valores basais em T4 e se elevaram novamente em T6. A transfusão de concentrado de hemácias não teve impacto nas concentrações plasmáticas de IL-6, IL-10 e MIF. As concentrações plasmáticas de IL-2, IL-4, IL-17, IFN-γ e TNF-α não se modificaram significativamente desde a indução da anestesia até o segundo dia de PO. Quanto a correlação das concentrações das citocinas com a morbidade no PO, foi detectada uma correlação positiva entre as concentrações plasmáticas de IL-6 e o escore inotrópico. Diferentemente do que ocorreu com a IL-6, não foram detectadas correlações entre as concentrações de IL-10 e MIF e o escore inotrópico. Também não foram detectadas correlações das concentrações de IL-6, IL-10 e MIF com as seguintes variáveis: tempo de CEC, tempo de pinçamento aórtico, escore de TISS cumulativo, índice de oxigenação, volume de sangramento pós-operatório nas primeiras 48 horas, tempo de ventilação mecânica e tempo de internação na UTI no pós-operatório. Portanto, neste grupo de pacientes avaliados, caracterizados como de baixo risco, foi encontrada uma elevação significativa das concentrações plasmáticas dos mediadores IL-6, IL-10 e MIF em resposta a intervenção cirúrgica corretiva. A transfusão de concentrado de hemácias não teve impacto nas concentrações plasmáticas desses mediadores. Também não foi encontrada uma correlação entre a elevação das concentrações destes mediadores e a maioria das variáveis perioperatórias e pós-operatórias relacionadas a morbidade que foram avaliadas.
Doutor em Imunologia e Parasitologia Aplicadas
Aldebert, Stephan Yvan. "Cinétique des lactates après transplantation cardiaque orthotopique chez l'adulte." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON11112.
Full textSerraf, Alain. "Circulation pulmonaire et hypertension arterielle pulmonaire : application et implication lors de l'utilisation de la circulation extracorporelle (doctorat : sciences de la vie)." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA11T061.
Full textVan, Meurs Willem. "Automatisation de la circulation extracorporelle chirurgicale : estimation des paramètres d'un modèle hémodynamique." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30192.
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