Relevant bibliographies by topics / Extra Vehicular Activities

Academic literature on the topic 'Extra Vehicular Activities'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Extra Vehicular Activities"

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Spencer, David A., and Matthew A. Gast. "Dynamics of Extra-Vehicular Activities in Low-Gravity Surface Environments." International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences 14, no. 1 (March 30, 2013): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5139/ijass.2013.14.1.11.

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Bishu, Ram R., Glenn Klute, and Byungjoon Kim. "The Effects of Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) Gloves on Dexterity and Tactility." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 37, no. 10 (October 1993): 826–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129303701038.

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Human capabilities such as dexterity, manipulability, and tactile perception are unique and render the hand as a very versatile, effective and a multipurpose tool. This is especially true for unknown microgravity environments such as the EVA environment. Facilitation of these activities, with simultaneous protection from the cruel EVA environment are the two, often conflicting, objectives of glove design. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of EVA gloves at different pressures on human hand capabilities, A factorial experiment was performed in which three types of EVA gloves were tested at five pressure differentials. The independent variables tested in this experiment were gender, glove type, pressure differential, and glove make. Six subjects participated in an experiment where a number of dexterity measures, namely time to tie a rope, and the time to assemble a nut and bolt were recorded. Tactility was measured through a two point discrimination test. The results indicate that a) With EVA gloves there is a considerable reduction in dexterity, b) performance decrements increase with increasing pressure differential, and c) some interesting gender glove interactions were observed, some of which may have been due to the extent (or lack of) fit of the glove to the hand. The implications for the designer are discussed.
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Fei, Ding-Yu, Xiaoming Zhao, Cosmin Boanca, Esther Hughes, Ou Bai, Ronald Merrell, and Azhar Rafiq. "A biomedical sensor system for real-time monitoring of astronauts’ physiological parameters during extra-vehicular activities." Computers in Biology and Medicine 40, no. 7 (July 2010): 635–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2010.05.001.

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Andreades, Christos, Gian Piero Malfense Fierro, Michele Meo, and Francesco Ciampa. "Nonlinear ultrasonic inspection of smart carbon fibre reinforced plastic composites with embedded piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate transducers for space applications." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 30, no. 20 (September 11, 2019): 2995–3007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x19873419.

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Carbon fibre reinforced plastic composites used in spacecraft structures are susceptible to delamination, debonds and fibre cracking that may arise during manufacturing, assembly or in-service operations (e.g. caused by debris impacts in near-Earth orbital spaceflights). Therefore, in situ and real-time health monitoring is necessary to avoid time-consuming and unsafe visual inspections performed either on-ground or during extra vehicular activities. In this article, a recently created ‘smart’ carbon fibre reinforced plastic composite structure with embedded piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate transducers was used to detect multiple areas of artificial delamination and real impact damage of different size using nonlinear ultrasound. The electrical insulation of embedded piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate transducers was achieved by interlacing a dry layer of woven glass fibre fabric between the sensor and the carbon fibre reinforced plastic plies before curing. Damage detection was successfully demonstrated using both second harmonic generation and nonlinear modulation (sidebands) of the measured ultrasonic spectrum. The material nonlinear response at the second harmonic and sidebands frequencies was also measured with a laser Doppler vibrometer to validate the nonlinear ultrasonic tests and provide damage localisation. Experimental results revealed that the proposed configuration of embedded piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate transducers can be utilised for on-board ultrasonic inspection of spacecraft composite parts.
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Rice, John R., John P. Yorchak, and Craig S. Hartley. "Planning for Unanticipated Satellite Servicing Teleoperations." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 30, no. 9 (September 1986): 870–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128603000904.

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The role that man will play in the space-based servicing of satellites will change with standardization and automation of such operations. This change will permit man to dedicate more of his time in space to tasks that require his unique intellectual, manipulative, and perceptual abilities. However, if history is any indication, man cannot be completely removed from servicing duties because unanticipated servicing operations occasionally will require his direct intervention and control through either extra-vehicular activities (EVA) or teleoperations. As a result, certain minimum user-system interface capabilites must be maintained, no matter how sophisticated future technology becomes. This paper discusses research related to some of the basic human factors problems that will probably always have an impact on space-based teleoperated servicing operations. The implicit warning is that future advanced systems must implement solutions to these problems if humans are to provide effective backup support. Furthermore, the authors believe that there are several critical gaps in our present knowledge of teleoperator human factors that must be closed before such backup operations can be effective. There is a danger that system developers may become so enamored of advanced teleoperator technology that they may fail to provide an adequate user/system interface for backup operations. Human factors issues discussed include: vision systems, control devices and communication time delays. Each issues section concludes with a list of suggested research topics that address gaps in our present knowledge about teleoperator human factors.
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Ohkami, Yoshiaki. "Special Issue on Space Robotics." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 6, no. 5 (October 20, 1994): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1994.p0345.

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Since the beginning of space exploration, ""space robots"" have attracted the imagination of many researchers and engineers, and a number of fascinating plans for their use have been proposed.' However, only a few of these ideas have been realized in spite of the early realization that robots would be more appropriate than extra-vehicular activities by a human crew in the hostile space environment. One application is the Space Shuttle Remote Manipulator System, called the ""Canadian Robot Arm"", which has been functioning as expected for more than 10 years. In addition, ROTEX experiments on Space Lab a few years ago demonstrated that advanced robotic technology could perform more complicated tasks on board. It is also reminded that many other robotic experiments were canceled at some stage of their development: In particular, it was hoped that NASA's Flight Telerobotic Servicer would be able to operate with the help of an Orbital Maneuvering Unit. There are complicated reasons for the project cancellations, but one reason seems to be that the maturity level of robotics technology is not high enough; that advanced teleoperation and dexterous manipulation have not reached a sufficient level for practical use. In Japan, most of the space research and development thus far has concentrated on the launching and in-flight operations of conventional spacecraft, so that there has been no real demand for space robots. Recently, however, the Space Activities Committee issued a report on the long term vision for space activities in Japan. In this report, the importance of the use of space robotics technologies for diversified space activities such as space platform servicing, unmanned exploration of Mars and the moon crew support inside the space station, telescience operations, and even for the reusable reentry vehicle HOPE was emphasized. This can be at least partially attributed to the very active research on robotics in Japan, and in turn has encouraged researchers working in these fields. This special issue on space robotics introduces the research activities as several representative organizations, although it does not imply an exhaustive list. Firstly, the activities of two space development organizations are introduced. The National Space Development Agency (NASDA) is responsible for launching and operation this as well as general technology verification. Included in this is the ETS-VII satellite, which as part of its overall mission, will conduct several robotic experiments. The robotic activities of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) are also outlined. This institution is primarily concerned with scientific missions to the Moon and Mars as well as planets further beyond. Second, the research activities at the national institutes are introduced. These institutes are responsible for supporting national projects at an early stage of development by providing fundamental data and key technologies. This is followed by an introduction to the very extensive research activities at universities across the country. At these universities, space robotics research is pursued not only in aerospace engineering departments but also in other disciplines such as mechanical engineering, control systems, electronics, and information processing. As mentioned before, there are some organizations which do not appear in this special issue. Nonetheless, the coordinator hopes that in Japan, the information given will prove to be useful as in introduction to space robotics research activities in Japan, and further wishes to express his deepest appreciation to all of the contributors.
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Van Cutsem, Jeroen, Nathalie Pattyn, Olivier Mairesse, Bérénice Delwiche, Helio Fernandez Tellez, Martine Van Puyvelde, Emilie Lacroix, Adam C. McDonnell, Ola Eiken, and Igor B. Mekjavic. "Adult Female Sleep During Hypoxic Bed Rest." Frontiers in Neuroscience 16 (May 10, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.852741.

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PurposeHypobaric hypoxic habitats are currently being touted as a potential solution to minimise decompression procedures in preparation for extra vehicular activities during future space missions. Since astronauts will live in hypoxic environments for the duration of such missions, the present study sought to elucidate the separate and combined effects of inactivity [simulated with the experimental bed rest (BR) model] and hypoxia on sleep characteristics in women.MethodsTwelve women (Age = 27 ± 3 year) took part in three 10-day interventions, in a repeated measures cross-over counterbalanced design: (1) normobaric normoxic BR (NBR), (2) normobaric hypoxic BR (HBR; simulated altitude of 4,000 m), and (3) normobaric hypoxic ambulatory (HAMB; 4,000 m) confinement, during which sleep was assessed on night 1 and night 10 with polysomnography. In addition, one baseline sleep assessment was performed. This baseline assessment, although lacking a confinement aspect, was included statistically as a fourth comparison (i.e., pseudo normobaric normoxic ambulatory; pNAMB) in the present study.ResultsHypoxia decreased sleep efficiency (p = 0.019), increased N1% sleep (p = 0.030), decreased N3 sleep duration (p = 0.003), and increased apnea hypopnea index (p < 0.001). BR impaired sleep maintenance, efficiency, and architecture [e.g., N2% sleep increased (p = 0.033)]. Specifically, for N3% sleep, the effects of partial pressure of oxygen and activity interacted. Hypoxia decreased N3% sleep both when active (pNAMB vs HAMB; p < 0.001) and inactive (NBR vs HBR; p = 0.021), however, this decrease was attenuated in the inactive state (–3.8%) compared to the active state (–10.2%).ConclusionA 10-day exposure to hypoxia and BR negatively impacted sleep on multiple levels as in macrostructure, microstructure and respiratory functioning. Interestingly, hypoxia appeared to have less adverse effects on sleep macrostructure while the participants were inactive (bed ridden) compared to when ambulatory. Data were missing to some extent (i.e., 20.8%). Therefore, multiple imputation was used, and our results should be considered as exploratory.
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Möller, Fabian, Uwe Hoffmann, Marc Dalecki, Tobias Dräger, Michael Doppelmayr, and Fabian Steinberg. "Physical Exercise Intensity During Submersion Selectively Affects Executive Functions." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, October 9, 2019, 001872081987931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720819879313.

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Objective: The intact cognitive processing capacity in highly demanding and dynamically changing situations (e.g., in extreme environmental conditions) is of central relevance for personal safety. This study therefore investigated whether underwater physical exercise (PE) affected cognitive performance by comparing these effects during underwater fin-swimming as opposed to inactivity under normal environmental conditions. Background: Although acute bouts of PE can modulate cognitive performance under highly controlled and standardized laboratory conditions, no previous study has determined whether PE acutely modulates cognitive performance in non-laboratory testing conditions involving extreme environments (e.g., underwater). Method: A total of 27 healthy volunteers (16 males and 11 females; 28.9 ± 7.4 years of age) participated in two experiments involving either moderate or high PE intensity. A PRE/POST crossover design was employed among participants while performing cognitive tests in a counterbalanced order (i.e., before and after 20 min of PE in submersion [WET] and once before and after inactivity [DRY] while in the laboratory). Cognitive performance was measured as a combination of executive functions through the Eriksen Flanker (inhibition) and Two-Back (working memory) Tasks using an underwater tablet computer. Results: ANOVAs revealed enhanced reaction times only in the Flanker test after moderate PE for the WET condition. No other effects were detected. Conclusion: These findings indicate that cognitive performance is exercise-intensity-dependent with enhanced effects during moderate PE, even in extreme environments (i.e., underwater). Application: These results should be relevant in recreational and occupational contexts involving underwater activity and may also apply to microgravity (e.g., during extra-vehicular activities). Description This study compared the acute effects of physical exercise (PE) on cognitive performance in an underwater environment while participants fin-swam with SCUBA (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus) gear. Findings revealed that 20 min of moderate PE positively affected cognitive performance (i.e., inhibitory control ability). However, no changes were observed after high-intensity exercise.
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Book chapters on the topic "Extra Vehicular Activities"

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"Compliant pneumatic muscle structures and systems for extra-vehicular and intra-vehicular activities in space environments." In Space Robotics and Autonomous Systems: Technologies, advances and applications, 43–76. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/pbce131e_ch3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Extra Vehicular Activities"

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Snyder, Michael, and Eric Joyce. "Lunar Extra-Vehicular Activities and Colonization Strategies." In AIAA SPACE 2008 Conference & Exposition. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2008-7789.

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Monchoux, Francoise, Françoise Thellier, Frank Bagiana, and Arnold Barer. "Human Physiological Model During Extra-Vehicular Activities." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/941333.

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Van Cise, Edward A., Brian J. Kelly, Jeffery P. Radigan, and Curtis W. Cranmer. "Experiences with Extra-Vehicular Activities in Response to Critical ISS Contingencies." In SpaceOps 2016 Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2016-2462.

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Liu, Huan, Zhijie Li, and Yaowu xu. "Research and application of MBSE method to lunar extra-vehicular activities mission." In 2nd International Conference on Mechanical, Electronics, and Electrical and Automation Control (METMS 2022), edited by Xuexia Ye. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2635284.

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Liu, Huan, Zhijie Li, and Yaowu xu. "Research and application of MBSE method to lunar extra-vehicular activities mission." In 2nd International Conference on Mechanical, Electronics, and Electrical and Automation Control (METMS 2022), edited by Xuexia Ye. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2635284.

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Bagul, Tejeshkumar, Kanan Pujara, Jimil Shah, Oluwaseun Awe, and Dereje Agonafer. "Computational Study of Behavior of Gas Absorption in Data Center Equipment and its Effects on the Rate of Corrosion/Contamination." In ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2015-48049.

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The reliability of the data center equipment is being compromised as the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers recommendable psychometric limits are stretched outside the recommendable zones. When the ambient conditions are conducive enough the humidity and the gaseous contaminants present in the data centers react with the elements of Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) at various temperatures. The products of the reaction may lead to short circuit or extra resistance to the passage of current. This poses an increased threat to the reliability of the PCB. Contamination has become a serious problem in the developing nations like China and India where new data centers are rapidly coming up. The heavy industrialization and vehicular activities are the major source of the contamination. The losses due the corrosion of PCB by contaminants depends on various factors like concentration of gases, amount of humidity present, time of the day, location of the data center, filtration technique used for the air-conditioning system, etc. An actual study of effects of contaminants in data centers across the world would be a tedious task. Computational study saves the time as well as cost for this study. This research study gives deeper insights of the reaction mechanism. A computational study of the reaction of copper foils (representing the PCB) placed in a Paddle Wheel Test setup would be carried out. A Paddle Wheel Test setup gives us the flexibility to test various gases, that could pose a threat to data center equipment, without disturbing the actually data center servers. A reaction of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide on copper in the presence of humidity will be carried out in this study.
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