Relevant bibliographies by topics / Extra corporeal life support

Academic literature on the topic 'Extra corporeal life support'

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Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Extra corporeal life support"

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Born, F., J. Chen, N. Thierfelder, S. Günther, S. Peterß, C. Hagl, and F. König. "Microbubble Activity during Extra Corporeal Life Support." Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon 65, S 01 (February 3, 2017): S1—S110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1598758.

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Brown, Kate L., and Allan P. Goldman. "Neonatal extra-corporeal life support: Indications and limitations." Early Human Development 84, no. 3 (March 2008): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.01.007.

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López, Berta Monleón, Valentina Della Torre, Federico Bilotta, and Rafael Badenes. "Extra Corporeal Life Support in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients." OBM Neurobiology 3, no. 3 (June 11, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.1903037.

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Lee, W. A., S. Kolla, R. J. Schreiner, R. B. Hirschl, and R. H. Bartlett. "PROLONGED EXTRA CORPOREAL LIFE SUPPORT (ECLS) FOR VARICELLA PNEUMONIA." ASAIO Journal 42, no. 2 (April 1996): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002480-199604000-00201.

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Born, F., R. Albrecht, U. Boeken, A. Albert, and A. Lichtenberg. "Extra Corporeal Life Support: Technische Anforderungen und neueste Entwicklungen." Zeitschrift für Herz-,Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie 25, no. 6 (November 24, 2011): 370–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00398-011-0887-1.

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Melamed, Naomi, Sashini Iddawela, Grace Olivia Jane Poole, Ayomikun Ajibade, and Amer Harky. "Mechanical circulatory support in paediatric population." Cardiology in the Young 31, no. 1 (January 2021): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951120004849.

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AbstractExtra-corporeal membrane oxygenation is a life-saving modality to support the cardiac and/or pulmonary system as a form of life support in resuscitation, post-cardiotomy, as a bridge to cardiac transplantation and in respiratory failure. Its use in the paediatric and neonatal population has proven incredibly useful. However, extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation is also associated with a greater rate of mortality and complications, particularly in those with co-morbidities. As a result, interventions such as ventricular assist devices have been trialled in these patients. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the current literature on extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiac support in the paediatric and neonatal population. We evaluate its effectiveness in comparison to other forms of mechanical circulatory support and focus on areas for future development.
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Sharma, Akshay, Sandeep Attawar, Sandeep Dewan, Prabhat Dutta, Manuj Bansal, and Suneel Kumar Lakkipogu. "Extra corporeal life support, a savior in aluminum phosphide poisoning." Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 31, no. 4 (August 9, 2015): 328–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12055-015-0385-2.

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Gerard, David, Hervé Raffin, and Guillaume Lebreton. "Aeromedical Evacuation Using Extra Corporeal Life Support After Resuscitated Cardiac Arrest." Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance 88, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 431–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3357/amhp.4470.2017.

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Bataillard, A., M. Rossi-Blancher, A. Hebrard, G. Dessertaine, M. Durand, J. F. Payen, and P. Albaladejo. "L’extubation des patients sous Extra Corporeal Life Support est-elle envisageable ?" Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 32 (September 2013): A210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annfar.2013.07.399.

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Aissaoui, Nadia, and Alain Cariou. "Extra-corporeal life support for life-saving interventions: Another brick in the wall." Resuscitation 160 (March 2021): 168–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.12.024.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Extra corporeal life support"

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Born, Frank [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Hagl. "Extra Corporeal Life Support und linksventrikuläre Entlastung / Frank Hans Born ; Betreuer: Christian Hagl." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1216039364/34.

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Born, Frank Hans [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Hagl. "Extra Corporeal Life Support und linksventrikuläre Entlastung / Frank Hans Born ; Betreuer: Christian Hagl." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1216039364/34.

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Bellancini, Michele <1989&gt. "Development and Validation of a CO2 Sensor for Extra Corporeal Life Support Applications." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9755/1/Development_and_Validation_of_a_CO2_Sensor_for_Extracorporeal_Life_Support_Applications.pdf.

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Measurement of carbon dioxide (CO2) in medical applications is a well-established method for monitoring patient’s pulmonary function in a noninvasive way widely used in emergency, intensive care, and during anaesthesia. Even in extra corporeal life support (ECLS) applications, such as Extra corporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal (ECCO2R), Extra corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO), and cardiopulmonary by-pass (CPB), measurement of the CO2 concentration in the membrane oxygenator exhaust gas is proven to be useful to evaluate the treatment progress as well as the performance of the membrane oxygenator. This thesis presents the development of a new optical sensor specifically designed for the measurement of CO2 concentration in the oxygenator exhaust gas. The project’s goal is to develop a sensor with Technology Readiness Level of 9, meaning that the developed sensor shall also be proven and validated in the operational environment. Initially, to allow a better comprehension of the application for which the developed sensor is intended, an overview of the ECLS application scenario is given, describing the key components of an ECLS device, as well as the most used ECLS procedures. Further, considerations about the importance of CO2 concentration measurement in the membrane oxygenator exhaust gas are reported. Then, the measurement principle for carbon dioxide concentration is described, as well as state-of-the-art technologies used in this field. Moreover, design requirements that the developed sensor should meet are analyzed and disclosed. Sensor architecture is described, focusing on the method implemented to prevent condensation of the water vapour in the membrane oxygenator’s exhaust gas. Effects of temperature on the sensor optical elements performance are addressed through theoretical and experimental analysis, and methods to avoid signal–temperature dependency are described. Finally, the results of the test performed on the developed sensor both in-vitro and in-vivo conditions are reported and discussed.
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Dawoud, Fakhry, Brian Thompson, and Shannon Castle. "ECMO Support for Pediatric Burn Patients: A Potential Life Saving Modality." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/36.

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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used as life-saving support for children with varying causes of respiratory and/or cardiac failure. However, few studies have assessed the utility of ECMO as a viable treatment option in the setting of pediatric burn injury. We aim to examine the outcomes of pediatric burn patients requiring ECMO support by utilizing the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) registry in order to elucidate whether or not ECMO should be considered in this population. A retrospective cohort study was conducted by querying the ELSO database for all pediatric patients (birth to less than 18 years) who were supported on ECMO with burn-associated cardiopulmonary failure between 1990 and 2016. ICD-9 codes 940–949.5 were utilized to identify patients with an associated burn injury. Venovenous ECMO was defined as any patient with only venous cannulas, including double-lumen venous cannulas. Venoarterial ECMO was defined as any patient with a venous and an arterial cannula, any patient originally supported on VA ECMO that was converted to venovenous, or any patient originally supported on venovenous that was converted to venoarterial ECMO. Oxygenation indices (OI) and complication rates were compared among survivors and non-survivors for both venovenous (VV) and venoarterial (VA) groups. Primary outcome variables were survival and non-survival to hospital discharge. Demographic and clinical data, along with pre-ECMO variables and ECMO complications, were analyzed for predictive mortality. A total of 113 patients met inclusion criteria for the study. Overall survival to discharge was 52.2% (n=59) for the entire cohort. 73 patients were supported on VA ECMO, while 37 patients required VV ECMO support with a survival to discharge of 47.9% (n=35) and 62.2% (n=23), respectively. There was no statistical difference for median age (p=0.765), median weight (p=0.932), or median hours on ECMO (p=0.963) between survivors and non-survivors. Three patients did not have the type of cannulation identified but were listed as “other” in the ELSO registry. Patients requiring ECMO support for respiratory failure had a higher over-all survival (55.7%, n=97) compared to those requiring ECMO for cardiac failure (33.3%, n=6) or ECPR (30%, n=10). Patients who were supported on VV ECMO for respiratory failure had the best overall survival at 62.2% (n=37) and those cannulated to VA ECMO for respiratory failure had a survival of 51.7% (n=58). Patients supported on VA ECMO for cardiac failure or ECPR support had the same survival at 33.3% (n=6 and 9 respectively). Several factors were found to be significantly associated with mortality. Cardiac arrest prior to cannulation was associated with increased mortality with an odds ratio of 3.41 (95% CI 1.29-9.06, p=0.011). There was a trend for the use of nitric oxide prior to cannulation to be associated with a decrease in mortality with an odds ratio of 0.40 (95% CI 0.16-1.01, p=0.048)Following cannulation, complications including the need for inotropes (OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.24-5.65, p=0.011), presence of gastrointestinal hemorrhage (p=0.049), and hyperglycemia (glucose > 240mg/dL) (OR 3.42, 95% CI 1.13-10.38, p=0.024) were associated with increased mortality.
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Books on the topic "Extra corporeal life support"

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Westrope, Claire, and Giles Peek. Extracorporeal respiratory and cardiac support techniques in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0104.

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Extra corporeal life support (ECLS) is an essential tool for the modern intensivist and surgeon. The addition of extracorporeal therapy should be considered in all cases when pathology is potentially reversible and conventional therapy is clearly failing. ECLS is a general term to describe prolonged, but temporary support of heart and lung function using mechanical devices, which has developed as an extension of cardiopulmonary bypass techniques used in the operating theatre. Use in adult severe respiratory and cardiac failure is increasing following significant advances in ECLS techniques learnt from paediatric and neonatal experiences, and successful use of extra corporeal membrane oxygenation in the 2009 and 2001 H1N1 (swine flu) outbreaks. This chapter describes the techniques required for providing successful ECLS in adult respiratory and cardiac failure.
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Khorsandi, Maziar, Steven Tsui, John Dark, Alan Kirk, Matthew Hartwig, Mani Daneshmand, and Carmelo Milano, eds. Cardiopulmonary transplantation and mechanical circulatory support. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192867612.001.0001.

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Abstract Heart failure and end stage lung disease are some of the most common causes of mortality in the western world. Heart and lung transplantation remain the gold standard in the management of these morbid conditions. However, these treatments are extremely resource intensive and require expertise with most up to date knowledge. This specialist handbook covers subjects such as; diagnosis and treatment of heart failure, mechanical circulatory support, heart transplantation, extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation and lung transplantation. There are also separate chapters on congenital and paediatric heart failure and transplantation. This handbook combines practical anecdotes from highly experienced and revered authors and editors from Europe and North America, with the most recent evidence, and produces a concise, quick reference guide for the practitioners on the front line. It is worth acknowledging that there remains significant variation in clinical practice from region to region and between different countries. Undoubtedly, much of what remains in routine practice in the field of cardiopulmonary transplantation and mechanical circulatory support is derived from anecdote and based on observational studies, and high-level evidence in certain areas of our speciality remains limited. Hence, the subjects and techniques described in this handbook are not exhaustive and only reflect the experience of the authors and editors of this handbook. I sincerely hope that readers enjoy using this handbook.
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Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Social Studies New York: Leveled Reader Extra Support Unit 2 Grade 2 Life in New Amsterdam. HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT, 2011.

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Adam, Sheila, Sue Osborne, and John Welch. Respiratory problems. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696260.003.0004.

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A requirement for respiratory support is the most frequent cause of critical care admission. Effective care requires an appreciation of the relevant anatomy and physiology, skills of physical assessment and use of monitoring, knowledge of a range of airway and breathing problems and the different challenges they present, and an understanding of the most appropriate means of airway management and respiratory support. This chapter details essential respiratory physiology and the advantages, disadvantages, and potential complications of different methods of monitoring and respiratory support, including holistic care of patients with artificial airways and various modes of mechanical ventilation, the use of nitric oxide, prone positioning and extra-corporeal devices, and management of the weaning patient.
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Kitts, Margo, ed. Martyrdom, Self-Sacrifice, and Self-Immolation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190656485.001.0001.

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Suicide in the forms of martyrdom, self-sacrifice, and self-immolation is mired in controversies regarding religious roots, nomenclature, motives, and valor. Although the admiration ebbs and flows, at least some idealization of such elective deaths is discernible in every religious tradition treated in this volume. Traditional support ranges from tales of ascetic heroes who conquer personal passions to save others by dying, to tales of righteous warriors who suffer and die valiantly while challenging the status quo. While the lionization of elective death is a persistent theme in world religions, just as persistent are disputes about the core notions that justify it, such as altruism, heroism, and religion itself. This volume offers critical analyses by renowned scholars with the literary and historical tools to tackle the contested issue of religiously sanctioned suicide. Three chapters treat contemporary phenomena with disputed classical roots (chapters on Salafist Jihadists, on the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam, and on the Branch Davidians and Heavens' Gate), while eleven focus on classical religious literatures which variously celebrate and disparage figures who invite self-harm to the point of corporeal death (chapters on Jewish, Christian, Islamic, Sikh, Tamil, Hindu, Jain, Buddhist, and Daoist traditions, as well as on their diverse branches and special expressions). Overall, the volume offers astute scholarly insights which counter the axiom that religious traditions simply and always embrace life at any cost.
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Luescher-Mamashela, Thierry M. The University in Africa and Democratic Citizenship. African Minds, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.47622/9781920355678.

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Whether and how higher education in Africa contributes to democratisation beyond producing the professionals that are necessary for developing and sustaining a modern political system, remains an unresolved question. This report, then, represents an attempt to address the question of whether there are university specific mechanisms or pathways by which higher education contributes to the development of democratic attitudes and behaviours among students, and how these mechanisms operate and relate to politics both on and off campus. The research contained in this report shows that the potential of a university to act as training ground for democratic citizenship is best realised by supporting students' exercise of democratic leadership on campus. This, in turn, develops and fosters democratic leadership in civil society. Thus, the university's response to student political activity, student representation in university governance and other aspects of extra-curricular student life needs to be examined for ways in which African universities can instil and support democratic values and practices. Encouraging and facilitating student leadership in various forms of on-campus political activity and in a range of student organisations emerges as one of the most promising ways in which African universities can act as training grounds for democratic citizenship. The project on which this report is based forms part of a larger study on Higher Education and Democracy in Africa, undertaken by the Higher Education Research and Advocacy Network in Africa (HERANA). HERANA is coordinated by the Centre for Higher Education Transformation in South Africa.
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Book chapters on the topic "Extra corporeal life support"

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Van Horn, Jon. "Extra Corporal Membrane Oxygenation and Extracorporeal Life Support." In Interventional Critical Care, 443–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25286-5_45.

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Beukema, Jeanette, and Daniël Pollack. "Extra corporal life support (ECLS)/extracorporele membraanoxygenatie (ECMO), mechanische hartondersteuning en intra-aortale ballonpomp (IABP)." In Operatieve zorg en technieken, 143–52. Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-2237-4_11.

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Cope, Rachel, Amy Harris, and Jane Hinckley. "Extra-Familial Support." In Family Life in England and America, 1690–1820, 69–81. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003113072-6.

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Karvellas, Constantine J., Jody C. Olson, and Ram M. Subramanian. "Use of Extra-Corporeal Liver Support Therapies in Acute and Acute on Chronic Liver Failure." In Hepatic Critical Care, 291–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66432-3_21.

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Ramzy, Danny, and Joshua Chung. "The Tandem: Life System." In Mechanical Circulatory Support, 138–44. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190909291.003.0019.

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The Tandem Life series of support devices offers short-term mechanical circulatory support for patients with cardiopulmonary failure. The system provides options for left ventricular, right ventricular support, or both, as well as adaptation of a membrane oxygenator for extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). This chapter outlines the indications for use, insertion techniques, and outcomes for the Tandem Heart, Tandem Lung, and Protek Duo platforms. Although limited published data exist for these technologies, experience is rapidly growing. The technology has allowed for patients to be fully ambulatory during time of support. The authors provide the perspective of one of the largest implanting centers internationally.
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Ballueer, Yvonne. "The Integration of an Extra-Corporal Life Support (ECLS) Service at Austin Health." In Clinical Costing Techniques and Analysis in Modern Healthcare Systems, 168–203. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5082-2.ch008.

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Extra-corporal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), also known as extracorporeal life support (ECLS), is a globally established treatment option in modern intensive care medicine for patients suffering from severe but reversible respiratory and/or cardiac failure. If refractory to other advanced treatment options, early instatement of ECLS therapy is closely associated with reduced mortality and improved long-term patient outcome. ECLS, in many ways, has replaced other, less effective treatments and future modelling predicts increased demand. ECLS has routinely and successfully been applied to neonates and pediatrics for many years. This field study however will exhibit focus only on the viability of the introduction of ECLS therapy in the Victorian adult population at Austin Health.
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Grande, Bastian, Isabelle Opitz, and Ilhan Inci. "Bilateral Lobar Lung Transplantation with Extra-corporal Life Support (ECLS) in a Jehovah’s Witness." In Thoracic Surgery, 249–52. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315265889-48.

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Prasad, Rameshwar. "Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A Major Challenge for Neonatologists." In Congenital Anomalies in Neonates - Clinical Perspectives [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94839.

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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a major congenital anomaly of the neonates, characterized by the herniation of abdominal contents into the thoracic cavity during fetal life. This results in significant pulmonary hypertension and hypoxemia after birth, which responds poorly to therapeutic interventions. CDH is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The exact pathogenesis is not well understood, and genetic factors have been proposed. The management starts in utero, with antenatal diagnosis and identification of prenatal predictors for the outcomes, which help in the selection of cases suitable for fetal therapy. The postnatal management is complicated by the need for variable cardio-respiratory support and even extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), before corrective surgery is undertaken. Improvement in the understanding of the pathophysiology of the underdeveloped lungs and pulmonary vessels has contributed to substantial progress in the management of CDH, which has translated into improved outcomes and survival. Still, many questions regarding CDH remain unanswered and the management is largely based on weak evidence.
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Prasad, Rameshwar. "Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A Major Challenge for Neonatologists." In Congenital Anomalies in Newborn Infants - Clinical and Etiopathological Perspectives. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94839.

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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a major congenital anomaly of the neonates, characterized by the herniation of abdominal contents into the thoracic cavity during fetal life. This results in significant pulmonary hypertension and hypoxemia after birth, which responds poorly to therapeutic interventions. CDH is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The exact pathogenesis is not well understood, and genetic factors have been proposed. The management starts in utero, with antenatal diagnosis and identification of prenatal predictors for the outcomes, which help in the selection of cases suitable for fetal therapy. The postnatal management is complicated by the need for variable cardio-respiratory support and even extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), before corrective surgery is undertaken. Improvement in the understanding of the pathophysiology of the underdeveloped lungs and pulmonary vessels has contributed to substantial progress in the management of CDH, which has translated into improved outcomes and survival. Still, many questions regarding CDH remain unanswered and the management is largely based on weak evidence.
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Murashita, Takashi. "Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support for Post- Cardiotomy Cardiogenic Shock." In Advances in Extra-corporeal Perfusion Therapies. IntechOpen, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76217.

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Conference papers on the topic "Extra corporeal life support"

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Abrahan, D., K. Paradise, N. Yeaney, M. Hamzah, C. Ezetendu, M. Bain, H. Agarwal, and S. Latifi. "Veno-Arterial Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support for Pulmonary Hypertension and Heart Failure Secondary to Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation in a Neonate." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a1933.

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Whitehead, Tonya J., and Harini G. Sundararaghavan. "Electrospun Hyaluronic Acid Scaffolds Containing Microspheres for Protein Delivery to Support Peripheral Nerve Growth." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14630.

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Peripheral nerve injury can cause lifelong pain, loss of function, and decreased quality of life. The gold standard of repair is a nerve autograft; however this requires additional surgeries and can cause donor site morbidity. As an alternative, nerve growth conduits are being developed to guide he existing nerves to cross these injured gaps. Electrospinning has emerged as a popular method to produce fibrous scaffolds for use in tissue engineering applications. However, limited work has been done electrospinning Hyaluronic Acid (HA) a major component of the extra cellular matrix. Cells respond to several factors in their environment including chemical, mechanical, topographical and adhesion cues.1 Using electrospinning along with microspheres allows us to control mechanical, topographical, and chemical signals within our scaffold. Axons are known to respond to topographical cues, prefer ‘soft’ substrates and grow faster in the presence of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). We can precisely control the mechanics of our scaffold by conjugating methacrylates to the HA backbone and crosslinking under UV light. We also use the rotation speed of the collection mandrel to create fibers that are aligned along one axis. Adhesivity is achieved by coating the finished scaffold with fibronectin. Microspheres are included to release protein and create a chemical signal. These characteristics combined mimic the natural environment of nervous tissue.
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Foerstemann, Marc, and Stephan Staudacher. "Optimizing the Architecture of Civil Turbofan Engines to Improve Life Cycle Costs/Value Added." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53221.

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In this paper, an economic calculation model is described, which evaluates the “life cycle value added” of an aircraft and an aircraft engine from the end customers’ — the airlines’ — perspective. The model uses both revenue as well as total costs over the entire product life cycle. It can be used to assess the economic benefit of a certain product (e.g., aircraft or engine), of a defined improvement measure or of different design options. Based on a complex set of parameters, the model can even be used in early design phases, where the potential impact on life cycle cost is the highest. The model is used to show that existing turbofan engines can be improved to deliver extra value for the end customer and as such for the entire value chain. Specific fuel consumption, manufacturing costs, maintenance costs, weight, drag and development costs are the most significant engine parameters for influencing the life cycle value added. An existing modern two-spool high bypass ratio engine was selected as the baseline configuration for applying the model. An analysis of the engine’s architecture identified the engine’s booster as a potential area of improvement. Upgrading the high-pressure compressor to the latest technology would enable the overall pressure ratio to be maintained while omitting the booster and improving engine performance. The results of the calculation show an improvement of life cycle value added, despite significant one-off development, testing and certification costs. The results support the hypothesis that today’s turbofan engines provide room for life cycle costs/value added improvement.
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Khastgir, Siddartha, and Anubhav Sahoo. "Development of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle for Marine Application." In ASME/USCG 2013 3rd Workshop on Marine Technology and Standards. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mts2013-0317.

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Last decade has seen a spurt in autonomous technologies in military and civilian sectors. The search for oil and gas is moving into ever deeper waters, and the need for coastal surveillance and climatic monitoring, makes underwater autonomous assistance quite obvious for a developing nation like India with thousands of kilometres of coastline. Using such platforms in these endeavours provides an efficient way to keep human life out of harm’s way in hostile environments. The prototype developed has its navigation based on an internal IMU (Inertial Mass Unit) and the software is extensible to support DVL (Doppler Velocity Logger) based navigation. Near range object detection and path planning is achieved via Image Processing and using two surge and one heave thrusters the bot can operate in three degrees of freedom. The modular structure allows for the addition of extra sensors like pressure, temperature and manipulators like grippers and torpedoes. It has a Intel Atom processor, which runs the control algorithms for motion and required task completion. Paper published with permission.
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Liu, Xiuhua, Zhihao Zhou, and Qining Wang. "Recognizing Sit-Stand and Stand-Sit Transitions for a Bionic Knee Exoskeleton." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3425.

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Sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit transitions (STS), as one of the most demanding functional task in daily life, are affected by aging or stroke and other neurological injuries. Lower-limb exoskeletons can provide extra assistance for affected limbs to recover functional activities [1]. Several studies presented locomotion mode recognition of sitting, standing and STS, or only STS, or static modes [2–6]. They are based on fusing information of the mechanical sensors worn on the human body, e.g. inertial measurement unit (IMU) [2–4], plantar pressure force [5], barometric pressure[2], EMG [6]. However, most of them put sensors on the human body and did not show experiments integrated with exoskeletons. Since the physical interaction between the exoskeleton and human body, the recognition method might be different when wearing a real exoskeleton. To deal with these problems, in this study we proposed a recognition method about STS based on the multi-sensor fusion information of interior sensors of a light-weight bionic knee exoskeleton (BioKEX). A simple classifier based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) was used considering the computational cost of the processing unit in exoskeleton.
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Lo Iacono Ferreira, Vanesa Gladys, Juan Ignacio Torregrosa López, and José Vicente Colomer Ferrándiz. "Assessing CO2 emissions of electric vehicles for e-sharing and home care. Two cases developed at Valencian region." In CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.3430.

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Assessing the environmental impact of transport has been an issue over the last decade. The general framework is established and the followings factors must be considered to obtain results as accurate as possible. Among others (a) the study should considered the entire life cycle if possible: building &amp; materials, usage phase and waste treatment and (b) usage phase assessment must be developed under real conditions in addition to lab tests. When the object of study is urban private transport, some extra lines can be taken into account considering the high impact that environmental initiatives makes in society. The information that local authorities and community receives about the initiative is as relevant as the environmental benefits obtain of the implementation of the project. In this paper, we present the methodology developed to assess CO2 emissions of electric vehicles intendent to car-sharing and home care; two projects developed at Valencian region. We deepen in the relevance and type of information obtain and manage for both studies with a life cycle vision. As a result of usage phase assessment, field test proves to be revealing giving a more realistic vision of the benefits of the project. Theoretical assessments were useful to consider the implementation of a certain project and the necessary support complementing the entity of the study. Resources needed to develop field test might skew results by biasing the study. Attention need to be paid in order to manage resources to set up field tests and avoid setting up field tests due to available resources. Bibliographic studies have shown building, materials and waste treatment depends on available data. Life cycle assessment seems to be the most adequate tool to obtain accurate results although the cost of the assessment is high and might not show significant differences between cars of similar characteristics.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3430
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Lall, Pradeep, Madhu Kasturi, Haotian Wu, and Edward Davis. "Modeling Underfill Degradation and Its Effect on FCBGA Package Reliability Under High-Temperature Operation." In ASME 2022 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2022-97433.

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Abstract The automotive underhood electronics are subjected to temperatures in the range of 150 to 200°C for prolonged periods. The coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between the chip and the substrate results in the fatigue-failure of solder joints when operating at high temperatures. Underfills provide extra support to the flip-chip bumps, enhancing the fatigue life and reducing the solder joint strains. Models and material degradation data are needed for the underfills exposed to high temperatures. The effect of the evolution of non-linear constitutive behavior of underfills on the solder balls and the study of the evolution of viscoelastic behavior of underfills have not been studied. In this paper, the evolution of underfill properties over 1-year has been measured for two underfills at sustained high-temperature operation. The aging data has been reported at 30, 60, 120, 240, and 360 days at 100°C, 125°C, and 150°C. The effect of non-linear property (Prony series) evolution of underfills on the FCBGA (Flip Chip Ball Grid Array) package reliability has been evaluated. The quarter FCBGA package is modeled from −40°C to 125°C. The results show that the flip-chip plastic work per unit volume of pristine-linear-elastic constitute model underfill FCBGA was much lower compared to pristine-viscoelastic underfill model FCBGA. Results show the importance of considering the non-linear underfill properties instead of linear properties.
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Luis, Alexandra. "The New Paradigm for Teaching Design: A reflection on innovation in materials teaching in the “Online Season”." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002391.

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In Portugal, it´sa National Strategy, the innovation in teaching, the connection between Faculties and Research Center, being a social and academic responsibility, to the good training and qualification of students. This can be an extra motivating factor for the students performance of academic work and better preparation for working life.In March 2005, the Portuguese government launched the strategy plan for the creation of a Digital Portugal, which is based on three pillars, I: digital inclusion of people, II: Digital transformation of the business fabric and III: digitization of the state. According to this plan, Education and its digitization are part of the 1st pillar, which aims above all “The empowerment and digital inclusion of people emerge as imperatives to respond to the impact that digitization can have on the life of each individual, implying an integrated approach that ensures differentiated measures depending on the life cycle of citizens” (Portugal Digital, p.15), however, in 2020, when the pandemic began, several failures were verified in the digitalization of education, leaving students without conditions / without classes, being urgent for the development and training of students, tools to support the development of their work, however, Little has been done since then.In such a specific area as materials and technologies, the need to find support becomes even more urgent.The new materials and the technological systems, the evaluation of the programmatic contents, increasing the attention to teaching materials in design, offered by the Faculties of design, is an activity in constant update, forcing a better preparation of the contents taught in 1st cycle studies. This is proved by the actual situation promote by the pandemic of COVID19. Professors and Students are learning news ways to complete the academic year. in this study we intent to known how the students of 1st cycle of design courses, and their teachers, have been approached with materials, research and practical work, when we have been teaching and learning through virtual classes, and how they how they managed to work remotely, in this situation.The research team consider that it is extremely important to carry out a survey for students of 1st cycle of design courses, and to their teachers, on their approach with materials, research and practical work, as well as the relationship of practice with the theory given by the teachers, comparing with the initial survey, done by the author in 2018, abou the same theme.
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Gallina Toschi, Tullia. "The results of the EU H2020 OLEUM project for the authenticity of olive oils." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/gmzh6724.

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In 2014, a Horizon 2020 call was specifically dedicated to olive oil. The winning OLEUM project grasped all the keywords and topics contained in the call, working extensively on a multifaceted strategy on innovative methods, but also improving and making more sustainable the many effective methods already in use. The project searched new markers and methods, or modified approaches already legally recognized by reducing time, solvents, and consumables. Finally, OLEUM implemented several analytical methods to better guarantee olive oil quality and authenticity against the occurrence of common and emerging fraudulent cases. In particular: a) two revised rapid and sustainable in-house validated methods for the FAEEs determination (low quality virgin olive oils, soft deodorized); b) methods to support the confirmation of the compliance with the labelled geographical origin of VOOs; c) methods to detect illegal blends of olive oils with other vegetable oils; d) instrumental methods and sensory reference materials (SRMs) resembling two defects (rancid, winey-vinegary) to connect sensory analysis with specific volatile markers quantification (Quantitative Panel Test); e) methods for assessing the freshness/shelf-life of olive oils, including a software to estimate the extra VOOs “best before date”. This to drive the future of olive oil quality and authenticity controls, by distilling elements of complexity with an incremental approach, to make a new synthesis and communicating to the stakeholders and consumers without sensationalism, thus avoiding to introduce elements of uncertainty and approximation. This last was the difficult challenge that OLEUM has won.This work is developed in the context of the project OLEUM “Advanced solutions for assuring authenticity and quality of olive oil at global scale”, funded by the European Commission within the Horizon 2020 Programme (2014–2020, GA no. 635690). The information expressed in this abstract reflects the authors€™ views; the EC is not liable for the information contained therein.
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Eparu, Dorin. "VIRTUAL EDUCATION – MEAN TO PROVIDE THE KNOWLEDGES." In eLSE 2012. Editura Universitara, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-12-157.

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Nowadays, the educational system is submitted to some obvious quantitative and qualitative restrictions. Quantitatively speaking, the increase of teachers’ number proportionally with the growth of educational request becomes ineffective and this is a phenomenon characteristic for all worlds’ countries. It involves the need to find new means to diminish the specialists’ pedagogical effort. Simultaneously with the quantitative growth, the educational request also bears deep qualitative mutations. Fewer people want to attend standard and rigid courses which don’t fully correspond to their real needs and their traced line in life. To the “massive growth” of educational offer is opposed a mainly new solution – the “navigation” that allows a massive, diversified and also personified access to the existent knowledge and competencies. These both major restrictions are abolished by the e-learning (education from distance). Actually, the distinction between “stationary” and “distanced” becomes lest pertinent owed to the use of telecommunication networks and interactive media support increasingly integrating into the traditional forms of education and learning. From “lifesaver” for the traditional education, the e-learning as result of appeared restrictions is transforming in norm or at least in distinctive form to organize the educational system. If in the traditional form of education the teacher is the main source of knowledge for students, in the virtual learning, knowledge and skills contained in electronic teaching methodological set (keys) is sent to the student for each subject provided in the curriculum. The connection to the world circuit of values and knowledge does not imply unconditional import of foreign models, but others experience is required to be known to make a rational choice. One of the goals of education reform is the integration of national education in European and world educational space. This determines the importance and necessity of knowledge and critical analysis of everything that happens in the extra space of the national education. Virtual education features brings new dimensions to provide the knowledge in education field, offering new alternatives at traditional methods.
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Reports on the topic "Extra corporeal life support"

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Kan, Marni L., Hsiu Chen Yeh, Lisa M. Schainker, Jessica Nelson, Samantha Charm, Cleve Redmond, and Richard Spoth. Substance Misuse Prevention Program Attendance: Predictors Among Military Families. RTI Press, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2022.rr.0048.2212.

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Typical life circumstances for military families may impact their participation in prevention programs, yet little is known about what factors influence their participation. The current study examined predictors of attendance in the Strengthening Families Program: For Parents and Youth 10–14, for Military Families, a universal in-person program designed to improve family functioning and reduce youth substance misuse and other problem behaviors. Participants included 159 parent–child dyads randomly selected to be offered the 7-week family program. Analyses examined demographic characteristics, deployment experiences, time spent waiting for the program to begin, and psychosocial functioning as predictors of attendance in a series of regression models. Of the 39 percent of families that attended any program sessions, the majority (71 percent) attended at least four of the seven sessions. Attendance varied significantly across the geographic areas in which groups were held. Prior service utilization, youth conduct problem behavior, parental history of deployment, and family conflict were each positively associated with attendance, whereas parent tobacco use was negatively associated with attendance. These results highlight the challenges in recruiting military families into in-person prevention programs and suggest that extra efforts may be needed to engage families that do not perceive that they have a need for support.
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Rahman, Mohammad, Ahmed Ibrahim, and Riyadh Hindi. Bridge Decks: Mitigation of Cracking and Increased Durability—Phase III. Illinois Center for Transportation, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/20-022.

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Early-age cracking in concrete decks significantly reduces the service life of bridges. This report discusses the application of various concrete mixtures that include potential early mitigation ingredients. Large-scale (7 ft × 10 ft) experimental bridge prototypes with similar restraint conditions found in actual bridges were poured with different concrete mixtures to investigate mitigation techniques. Portland cement (control), expansive Type K cement, internally cured lightweight aggregate (LWA), shrinkage-reducing admixture (SRA), and gypsum mineral were investigated as mitigating ingredients. Seven concrete mixtures were prepared by using individual ingredients as well as a combination of different ingredients. The idea behind combining different mitigating techniques was to accumulate the combined benefit from individual mitigating materials. The combined Type K cement and LWA mixture showed higher concrete expansion compared with mixtures containing Portland cement, Type K cement, LWA, and SRA in the large-scale experimental deck. Extra water provided by LWA significantly enhanced the performance of Type K cement’s initial expansion as well as caused larger total shrinkage over the drying period. A combination of Type K cement and gypsum mineral showed insignificantly higher expansion compared with the individual Type K mixture. Overall, the experimental deck containing SRA showed the least total shrinkage compared with other mixtures. Finite-element modeling was performed to evaluate and predict concrete stress-strain behavior due to shrinkage in typical bridges. A parametric study using finite-element analysis was conducted by altering the structure of the experimental deck. More restraint from internal reinforcement, less girder spacing, larger girder flange width, and more restrictive support conditions increased the concrete tensile stress and led to potential cracking in the concrete deck.
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