Academic literature on the topic 'Externé osi'
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Journal articles on the topic "Externé osi"
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Hehanussa, Patmawaty, Muhammad Kasnir, and Danial Danial. "ANALISIS MODEL PENGEMBANGAN PULAU OSI DI KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT SEBAGAI KAWASAN WISATA BAHARI BERKELANJUTAN." JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN TROPICAL FISHERIES (JOINT-FISH) : Jurnal Akuakultur, Teknologi Dan Manajemen Perikanan Tangkap, Ilmu Kelautan 3, no. 1 (June 28, 2020): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/joint-fish.v3i1.70.
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This study aims (1) to analyze the relationship between external and internal factors on the sustainability of the marine tourism of Osi Island and (2) formulate a model for the development of marine tourism in Osi Island. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research. Data sources are tourists who are and have been to Osi Island. Techniques used in data collection include field studies / observations and literature studies. Data analysis was performed using a strucktural equation model (SEM) analysis with AMOS analysis tools. The results showed that: (1) Variable internal and external factors significantly influence the sustainability of tourism on Osi Island where human resources are more dominant to contribute to this due to community awareness in the local village in terms of maintaining cleanliness and managing existing nature. Based on this it can be said that in terms of environmental aspects the marine tourism area of Osi Island has fulfilled what is said to be sustainable. (2) the final model of this research is interpreted for the future development plan of Osi Island where the development plan must be based on the vision of sustainable tourism and because Osi Island is a self-managed tourism area, it can develop a community-based tourism model with all stakeholders related namely the central government, local government, etc. can participate in the development both directly and indirectly so that the impact of the development of the model results in an independent community from all aspects.
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Darpeix, Aurélie. "Flexibilité interne et flexibilité externe dans le contrat OMI." Études rurales, no. 182 (July 1, 2008): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/etudesrurales.8777.
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Arnold, Neil S., Tjeerd H. van Andel, and Vidar Valen. "Extent and Dynamics of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet during Oxygen Isotope Stage 3 (65,000–25,000 yr B.P.)." Quaternary Research 57, no. 1 (January 2002): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.2001.2298.
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AbstractThe climate of the middle Weichselian Glaciation, Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 3 (OIS-3), a relatively mild period compared to the glacial maxima of OIS-4 and OIS-2, consisted of long warm interstades punctuated by brief cold excursions that grew colder and more frequent with time. The OIS-4 ice sheet is generally thought to have persisted throughout OIS-3, but evidence from dated OIS-3 interstadial deposits suggests that it was swiftly reduced to small remnants which only briefly expanded and retreated. Only 30,000 years ago the deteriorating climate initiated a sustained ice advance leading toward the final glacial maximum of OIS-2. Dynamic ice-sheet models support the existence of a prolonged ice-free interval during OIS-3 induced, perhaps, by low precipitation due to extensive sea-ice cover offshore.
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Du, Jianhang, Guangyao Wu, Bokai Wu, Chang Liu, Zhouming Mai, Yumeng Liu, Yawei Wang, Pandeng Zhang, Guifu Wu, and Jia Liu. "The Hemodynamic Effect of Enhanced External Counterpulsation Treatment on Atherosclerotic Plaque in the Carotid Artery: A Framework of Patient-Specific Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis." Cardiology Research and Practice 2020 (April 30, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5903790.
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Long-term enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) therapy has been recommended for antiatherogenesis in recent clinical observations and trials. However, the precise mechanism underlying the benefits has not been fully clarified. To quantify the effect of EECP intervention on arterial hemodynamic environment, a framework of numerical assessment was introduced using a parallel computing algorithm. A 3D endothelial surface of the carotid artery with mild atherosclerotic plaque was constructed from images of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Physiologic boundary conditions were derived from images of the ultrasound flow velocity spectrum measured at the common carotid artery and before and during EECP intervention. Hemodynamic factors relating to wall shear stress (WSS) and its spatial and temporal fluctuations were calculated and analyzed, which included AWSS, OSI, and AWSSG. Measuring and computational results showed that diastole blood pressure, perfusion, and WSS level in carotid bifurcation were significantly increased during EECP intervention. Mean AWSS level throughout the model increased by 16.9%, while OSI level did not show a significant change during EECP. We thus suggested that long-term EECP treatment might inhibit the initiation and development of atherosclerotic plaque via improving the hemodynamic environment in the carotid artery. Meanwhile, EECP performance induced a 19.6% increase in AWSSG level, and whether it would influence the endothelial functions may need a further study. Moreover, the numerical method proposed in this study was expected to be useful for the instant assessment of clinical application of EECP .
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Li, Zhongyou, Wentao Jiang, Stephen Salerno, Yi Li, Yu Chen, Zhi Xu, and Guanshi Wang. "Acute Hemodynamic Improvement by Thermal Vasodilation inside the Abdominal and Iliac Arterial Segments of Young Sedentary Individuals." Journal of Vascular Research 58, no. 3 (2021): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000514588.
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<b><i>Objective:</i></b> To study the hemodynamic response to lower leg heating intervention (LLHI) inside the abdominal and iliac arterial segments (AIAS) of young sedentary individuals. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A Doppler measurement of blood flow was conducted for 5 young sedentary adults with LLHI. Heating durations of 0, 20, and 40 min were considered. A lumped parameter model (LPM) was used to ascertain the hemodynamic mechanism. The hemodynamics were determined via numerical approaches. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Ultrasonography revealed that the blood flow waveform shifted upwards under LLHI; in particular, the mean flow increased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with increasing heating duration. The LPM showed that its mechanism depends on the reduction in afterload resistance, not on the inertia of blood flow and arterial compliance. The time-averaged wall shear stress, time-averaged production rate of nitric oxide, and helicity in the external iliac arteries increased more significantly than in other segments as the heating duration increased, while the oscillation shear index (OSI) and relative residence time (RRT) in the AIAS declined with increasing heating duration. There was a more obvious helicity response in the bilateral external iliac arteries than the OSI and RRT responses. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> LLHI can effectively induce a positive hemodynamic environment in the AIAS of young sedentary individuals.
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Su, Xiao Juan, Lingyi Huang, Yi Qu, and Dezhi Mu. "Progress in research on the role of Omi/HtrA2 in neurological diseases." Reviews in the Neurosciences 30, no. 3 (April 24, 2019): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2018-0004.
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Abstract Omi/HtrA2 is a serine protease present in the mitochondrial space. When stimulated by external signals, HtrA2 is released into the mitochondrial matrix where it regulates cell death through its interaction with apoptotic and autophagic signaling pathways. Omi/HtrA2 is closely related to the pathogenesis of neurological diseases, such as neurodegeneration and hypoxic ischemic brain damage. Here, we summarize the biological characteristics of Omi/HtrA2 and its role in neurological diseases, which will provide new hints in developing Omi/HtrA2 as a therapeutic target for neurological diseases.
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Chan, Samuel KL, Kieran R. Bentick, Jan H. Kuiper, and Cormac P. Kelly. "External rotation bracing for first-time anterior dislocation of the shoulder: A discontinued randomised controlled trial comparing external rotation bracing with conventional sling." Shoulder & Elbow 11, no. 4 (April 26, 2018): 256–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1758573218768521.
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IntroductionItoi et al. introduced the concept of bracing in abduction and external rotation to treat traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations. However, controversy remains as studies have reported variable results. Our study investigates whether there is a difference in outcomes between treatment with a conventional sling or external rotation brace.MethodsA prospective, multi-centre randomised control trial was conducted between 2006 and 2010. The study was discontinued early with 72 (36 cases in each group) first-time anterior shoulder dislocations recruited.ResultsThe re-dislocation rate over 24 months was comparable 30% (95% CI: 17–47) sling vs. 24% (95% CI: 13–41) external rotation bracing. Sixteen percent (95% CI: 7–32) of sling patients and 12% (95% CI: 5–27) of external rotation-bracing patients had shoulder stabilisation surgery within 24 months of the initial dislocation (p > 0.05). There was no difference in OSI scores at 24 months between the two treatment groups and intolerability of the external rotation brace was high.ConclusionRecruitment to this study was difficult, and lost-to-follow-up rates were high leading to early discontinuation of the study. The results suggest that ER bracing is unlikely to provide clinical benefit in traumatic first-time anterior shoulder dislocation.
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Llaveria, David, Juan Francesc Munoz-Martin, Christoph Herbert, Miriam Pablos, Hyuk Park, and Adriano Camps. "Sea Ice Concentration and Sea Ice Extent Mapping with L-Band Microwave Radiometry and GNSS-R Data from the FFSCat Mission Using Neural Networks." Remote Sensing 13, no. 6 (March 17, 2021): 1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13061139.
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CubeSat-based Earth Observation missions have emerged in recent times, achieving scientifically valuable data at a moderate cost. FSSCat is a two 6U CubeSats mission, winner of the ESA S3 challenge and overall winner of the 2017 Copernicus Masters Competition, that was launched in September 2020. The first satellite, 3Cat-5/A, carries the FMPL-2 instrument, an L-band microwave radiometer and a GNSS-Reflectometer. This work presents a neural network approach for retrieving sea ice concentration and sea ice extent maps on the Arctic and the Antarctic oceans using FMPL-2 data. The results from the first months of operations are presented and analyzed, and the quality of the retrieved maps is assessed by comparing them with other existing sea ice concentration maps. As compared to OSI SAF products, the overall accuracy for the sea ice extent maps is greater than 97% using MWR data, and up to 99% when using combined GNSS-R and MWR data. In the case of Sea ice concentration, the absolute errors are lower than 5%, with MWR and lower than 3% combining it with the GNSS-R. The total extent area computed using this methodology is close, with 2.5% difference, to those computed by other well consolidated algorithms, such as OSI SAF or NSIDC. The approach presented for estimating sea ice extent and concentration maps is a cost-effective alternative, and using a constellation of CubeSats, it can be further improved.
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Gogulescu, B. "OS7-53 Multiplanar external fixation in tibia open fractures (by using a couple of external fixators)." Injury 47 (October 2016): S21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-1383(16)30539-3.
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Koczewski, Pawel, and Milud Shadi. "Korekcje zniekształceń kończyn dolnych u chorych z dysplazjami kostnymi z zastosowaniem stabilizatorów zewnętrznych / Lower limb deformities treatment with external fixators in patients with bone dysplasias." Advances in Rehabilitation 25, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rehab-2013-0001.
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Streszczenie Wprowadzenie. Dysplazje kostne jest to niejednorodna grupa schorzeń cechujących się biochemicznymi. mikro- i makroskopowymi zaburzeniami struktury szkieletu prowadzącymi do dysproporcji budowy ciała, nierówności kończyn oraz wielopłaszczyznowych deformacji osiowych. Szczególne miejsce w leczeniu tych deformacji ma metoda dystrakcyjna Ilizarowa. Cel pracy. Celem badań jest ocena wyników leczenia deformacji kończyn dolnych w prze- biegu dysplazji kostnych z zastosowaniem stabilizatorów zewnętrznych. Materiał i metody. Analizie poddano 25 chorych z różnego typu dysplazjami kostnymi (cho- roba Olliera - 10. choroba Blounta - 7. krzywica witamino-D oporna - 2. zespół Elis van Creveld - 2 oraz inne dysplazje - 4). u których leczono 45 segmentów (30 goleni. 15 ud). Wiek chorych w chwili leczenia wahał się od 7 do 20 lat (średnia 13.5). Wskazaniem do leczenie było skłócenie segmentu w 31 przypadkach oraz zagięcie osi w 39 przypadkach. Średnia wartość kąta deformacji wynosiła 18° (od 8 do 43). Chorych podzielono na dwie grupy etiologiczne: 1. z chorobą Olliera i 2. z innymi dysplazjami. Wyniki. Pełną korekcję osi uzyskano we wszystkich korygowanych segmentach. W obrębie skłóconych segmentów uzyskano wydłużenie od 3.0 do 9cm (średnia 5.4). Indeks wydłużenia wahał się od 1.0 do 2.2 mies/cm (średnia 1.43). przy czym w grupie 1. był istotnie mniejszy i wynosił 1.28 podczas gdy w grupie 2. - 1.68. Wnioski. Metoda dystrakcyjna Ilizarowa jest bezpieczną i efektywną metodą korekcji deformacji kończyn dolnych w przebiegu dysplazji kostnych ze stosunkowo niskim odsetkiem powikłań. Pozwala ona na korekcję wielopoziomowych deformacji w sposób jednoczasowy. U chorych z chorobą Olliera indeks wydłużenia jest niższy niż u chorych z innymi typami dysplazji.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Externé osi"
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Kysela, Martin. "Návrh robotické linky pro svařování ocelového rámu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443245.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to design a cell for robotic arc welding of steel frame. Three possible solutions are provided and one of them is to be chosen to work out. Construction designs of fixture, machine guarding and material racks were created and devices and components required for cell functionality were chosen. All of that with regard to the safety of workplace operators.The result is 3D model of welding cell, it´s implementation and virtual commissioning in the simulation software Process simulate. We will verify the weldability of assigned part, find out the production cycle, eliminate error and lastly the technical and economic evaluation will be work out.
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Andrieux, Eric. "Extent and chronology of the Pleistocene permafrost in France : database of periglacial structures and OSL dating of sand wedges." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0615/document.
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De nombreuses tentatives de reconstruction de l’étendue du paléo-pergélisol à partir de données de terrain montrent que de grandes parties de la France ont été affectées à la fin du Pléistocène. Cette étendue maximale a été attribuée au Dernier Maximum Glaciaire (DMG). Néanmoins, des contradictions existent entre les différentes reconstructions qui ont été réalisées pendant près d’un siècle ; elles résident en partie dans l’absence de consensus sur la signification paléoclimatique de certaines structures périglaciaires. De plus, le cadre chronologique utilisé pour ces reconstructions est principalement basé sur des datations relatives et/ou sur l’hypothèse que le maximum de froid durant le dernier glaciaire a été atteint pendant le DMG. Dans ce contexte, il était nécessaire de réévaluer les structures déjà décrites à la lumière de notre connaissance actuelle des processus périglaciaires et d’en chercher de nouvelles pour datation. L’approche développée pour résoudre ces problèmes a été divisée en trois parties. Tout d’abord, une base de données homogène fournissant un accès simple aux structures périglaciaires répertoriées sur le territoire français a été constituée. Celle-ci permet de remettre un site ou une structure dans un contexte régional pour éviter les interprétations simplistes et favorise une vision à l’échelle nationale. Cette base de données est accessible en ligne (https://afeqeng.hypotheses.org/48). Les données en coupe concernant les coins sableux, les pseudomorphoses de coin de glace et les coins composites ainsi que les données obtenues à partir de photos aériennes sur les polygones et les sols striés ont été compilées. Dans la deuxième partie de notre travail, nous nous sommes attachés à traiter les données recueillies. L’analyse à l’aide d’un SIG nous a apportée des informations sur l’influence de différents facteurs sur le développement des structures périglaciaires. Des comparaisons avec un ensemble de données du Nord de l’Europe a rendu possible la proposition d’une nouvelle carte des limites du pergélisol lors de son extension maximale en Europe de l’Ouest. La carte a ensuite été comparée avec des simulations du pergélisol issues de Modèles Globaux du Climat. Enfin, la troisième partie de cette thèse fournit le premier cadre chronologique pour la fissuration par contraction thermique du sol en France, en s’appuyant sur la datation par luminescence optiquement stimulée (OSL) du remplissage sableux des coinsDuring the Mid to Late Pleistocene, the land area affected by periglacial conditions expanded and contracted repeatedly over large surfaces in mid-latitude Western Europe. In such environments, permafrost or deep seasonal freezing of the ground formed typical features, which have been the subject of abundant research by geomorphologists. In particular, researchers attempted to reconstruct the maximal extent of Pleistocene permafrost based on field evidence. Although most reconstructions suggest that permafrost spread over part of France during the coldest periods of the Pleistocene, there is no agreement regarding the land surface affected. This is mainly due to the scarcity of field data used for mapping and to the questionable palaeoclimatic significance of certain periglacial features. In addition, permafrost modelling during the Last Glacial Maximum using Global Climate Models does not seem consistent with field data. To solve these issues, a database of Pleistocene periglacial features has been compiled from a review of academic literature and unpublished reports, the analysis of aerial photographs and new field surveys. Polygons, soil stripes, ice-wedge pseudomorphs, sand wedges and composite wedge pseudomorphs were included in the database together with their geographic coordinates, geological context, description and references. The distribution of the identified features was analysed with a GIS software and clearly indicates that large areas in France were affected by periglaciation, apart from the southwesternmost part of France and the Languedoc. Ice-wedge pseudomorphs do not extend south of 47°N which indicates that widespread discontinuous permafrost did not affect the land south of the Paris basin. The exclusive presence of sand wedges with primary infill between 45 and 47°N, mainly in the periphery of coversands, suggests that thermal contraction cracking of the ground occurred together with sand drifting in a context of deep seasonal frost or sporadic discontinuous permafrost, unfavourable for the growth of significant ground-ice bodies. However, the description of composite-wedge pseudomorphs below 47°N indicates that at least locally ice veins formed probably during exceptionally cold winters. To provide a chronological framework for thermal contraction cracking single-grain OSL measurements were performed on 33 samples taken in the sandy infilling of sand-wedges and composite-wedge pseudomorphs. Results suggest that multiple events were recorded within wedges. The extraction of the datasets using the Finite Mixture Model, which was developed to analyse statistically data comprising multiple components, allowed calculating 86 ages. These age estimates show that wedge activity in France occurred at least 11 times over the last 100 ka. The most widespread events of thermal contraction cracking occurred between ca. 30 and 24 ka (Last Permafrost Maximum) and are concomitant with periods of high sand availability (MIS 2). Although most phases of sand-wedge growth correlate well with known Pleistocene cold periods, the identification of wedge activity during late MIS 5 and the very beginning of the Holocene strongly suggests that sand-wedges do not only indicate permafrost but also deep seasonal ground freezing in the context of low winter insolation. The previously published young ages yielded by North-European sand-wedges likely result from poor record of periglacial periods concomitant with low sand availability and/or age averaging inherent to standard luminescence methods. This work allowed us to propose a map of the maximum extent of Late Pleistocene permafrost in France, which partially reconciles field data with palaeoclimatic simulations. The remaining discrepancies may be linked with a potential time lag between the Last Permafrost Maximum (c. 31–24 ka) and the Last Glacial Maximum (21 ka) and to the already identified warm winter bias of the models
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Hattingh, Maria Jacoba. "Instrument to evaluate to which extent the operational support information system (OSIS) adds value to the South African Air Force (SAAF)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2011.
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Thesis (MMil (Computer Information Systems))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.Since the 1940s, the evaluation of information systems has been the topic of many authors’ research. When taking into account the amount of resources invested in an organisation’s information systems, especially in the present fiscal conditions, then the evaluation of an information system’s success is imperative. Traditionally, monetarybased evaluation measures were used to evaluate the success of an information system, however, these types of measures were found to be inadequate in their attempt to measure the complexity of information systems successfully. Surrogate measures, such as the user’s satisfaction with the information system, were developed to replace monetary-based evaluation measures. These forms of measures are often perceptual by nature and usually encompass the different stakeholders involved in the information system.
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Mavrikas, Georges. "Évolution crétacée-éocène d'une plate-forme carbonatée des Hellénides externes : la plate-forme des Ori Valtou ("massif du Gavrovo") zone de Gavrovo-Tripolitza, Grèce continentale." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10166.
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L'histoire géologique crétacée-éocène des Ori Valtou peut être scindée en deux périodes. La première période connue depuis le Jurassique terminal, se poursuit jusqu'au Santonien: de puissants dépôts carbonatés de plate-forme s'y forment en contexte tranquille, caractérisant une évolution de type bahamien. La seconde période est inaugurée par un épisode diastrophique d'âge santonien à campanien, responsable de:―la création d'un faisceau faillé partageant longitudinalement le massif,―l'ablation d'une partie des sédiments antérieurement déposés à l'Ouest de ce faisceau,―la création d'une dépression discontinue à l'Est. Si la sédimentation est continue vers l'Est, c'est progressivement au cours du Campanien-Maastrichtien que des récifs vont s'installer vers l'Ouest, avant l'émersion généralisée finicrétacée. La période paléocène-éocène voit encore la différenciation des compartiments et de nouvelles instabilités, répliques atténuées du phénomène crétacé. Après avoir montré que des différenciations longitudinales comparables se sont produites au cours du Crétacé supérieur au sein des «plates-formes adriatico-égéennes» des Dinarides et de l'Apennin, on trouve dans l'affrontement qui se produit alors entre l'Apulie et l'Europe le moteur probable de coulissements longitudinaux. Ici, des phénomènes de transpression auraient produit l'extrusion d'une lame occidentale dont la partie supérieure aurait glissé vers le bassin Ionien, engendrant les brèches sénoniennes qui y sont connues; des phénomènes de transtension rendraient compte de la discontinuité de la dépression bordant à l'Est le faisceau d'accidents longitudinaux. La succession dans le temps de ces deux types de phénomènes peut rendre compte de l'ensemble des faits établis
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Konšel, Ladislav. "Simulace dynamického chování vybavovače jističe." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219754.
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This work includes the theory of circuit breaker construction and is focused mainly on overload function. It mainly deals with electronic circuit breakers, i.e. equipped with an electronic trip unit. The work is focused on the part of trip unit - maglatch of trip unit. For the purposes of simulation, the geometric model is created. Maxwell program is used for the simulation. The work describes the options for conditions input which are necessary for simulation. Using the distribution of magnetic field intensity and magnetic flux density in the section of trip unit maglatch is determined by the simulation. Furthermore, the force effects acting on the armature of the maglatch are calculated. Force values and the directions acting on the armature are determined by changing the simulation parameters - shift of the armature and coil current. Simulations are performed both for steady-state and for dynamic simulation – movement of armature is taken into account. The supply source for the maglatch is created by an external circuit.
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dos, Santos Miguel José. "Estratégia de Internacionalização nas PME's - Factor Condicionante da Internacionalização: Um Modelo de Efeito Moderador do país de Origem no espaço da CPLP." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/18039.
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Actualmente a economia internacional tem apresentado sinais de instabilidade,
principalmente nos negócios internacionais. A crise de 2008, que resultou do suprime
norte – americano, tem afectado as relações comerciais em todo o globo, originando
graves problemas de desenvolvimento socioeconómicos, com maior destaque para os
países emergentes. Recentemente estas economias têm sofrido um revés no seu
progresso devido a queda abrupta do preço do petróleo, originando graves problemas
económicos. Os países ocidentais que mergulharam numa crise profunda têm,
principalmente na UE, implementando estratégias de combate à crise nas mais variadas
formais. As empresas nacionais de cada nação têm sentido bastantes dificuldades de
sustentabilidade e crescimento, tal como de competitividade nos mercados onde estão
inseridos. A existência de um leque variado de estratégias anticrise tem permitido às
empresas, com destaque para as PME’S, criarem condições para o crescimento
económico. Uma das estratégias muito utilizadas para o sucesso empresarial pós-crise
tem sido a internacionalização empresarial. A internacionalização poderá ser
considerada como uma boa solução para as empresas poderem crescer com a conquista
de novos mercados, mercados esses que poderão muitas vezes estar localizados em
regiões remotas de difícil acesso.
As empresas utilizam cada vez mais a estratégia da internacionalização para
obter a captação de mercados que estejam fora do seu circuito natural, e assim possam
aceder ao desenvolvimento e crescimento. A internacionalização molda-se em várias
formas e princípios de actuação, sendo os mais utilizados, as exportações, as Jointventures,
as parcerias, as sociedades e as delegações.
Neste estudo, sobre as possibilidades de uma entidade empresarial possa ser
fixada num outro país, será focado como directriz de desenvolvimento os factores
condicionantes da internacionalização no país de origem. Neste sentido, a temática de
estudo a desenvolver será centrada em estratégias de avaliação e critérios relacionados
com o sucesso empresarial. A motivação externa, o OLI (Ownership, Location e
Internalization) e o Linkage, Leverage e Learning, fazem parte das variáveis
independentes desta pesquisa. Estas três variáveis independentes servirão de base
metodológica e empírica para uma abordagem categorizada baseada em pilares
organizacionais de cada país, facilitando em todos os aspectos no processo e sucesso da
internacionalização empresarial.
Books on the topic "Externé osi"
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McCleary, Richard, David McDowall, and Bradley J. Bartos. External Validity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190661557.003.0009.
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A threat to external validity is any factor that limits the generalizability of an observed result. Unlike all threats to statistical conclusion and internal validities and some threats to construct validity, threats to external validity cannot ordinarily be controlled by design. Nor is there any disagreement on how threats to external validity should be controlled. In most instances, it can only be controlled by replication?—across subjects, situations and time frames. This seldom happens, unfortunately, because the academic incentive structure discourages replication. The contemporary “reproducibility crisis” was spurred by a collaborative group of social scientists attempting to replicate one hundred experimental and correlational studies published in three mainstream psychology journals. Sixty percent of replications failed to reproduce the published effect. Failures to control for threats to external validity that stem from uncontrolled variations in persons, situations, and time frames, parsimosniously explain the failure rate in this replication study.
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Akyüz, Yilmaz. External Vulnerabilities. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797173.003.0004.
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The deepened financial integration of EDEs has heightened their susceptibility to global financial shocks and increased the instability in their credit, assets, and currency markets. It has led to significant loss of autonomy over monetary policy and the entire spectrum of interest rates. At the same time, these countries are said to have become more resilient because they have adopted more flexible exchange rate regimes, accumulated large stocks of international reserves, and reduced their exposure to the exchange rate risk by shifting from foreign currency to local currency debt. This chapter critically examines these contentions and concludes that none of these practices provides adequate protection against external financial shocks, taking into account the new vulnerabilities entailed by the increased depth and changed pattern of integration, particularly greater presence of foreigners in domestic financial markets and of the nationals of emerging economies in markets abroad.
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Metcalf, Michael, John Reid, and Malcolm Cohen. Operations on external files. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198811893.003.0012.
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The means whereby an external file can be positioned or flushed are described, followed by full instructions on how to open or close a file, specifying as necessary any properties that are required. It is possible to inquire about these properties, and how this may be done is also described.
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Slavin, Tanya. Verb stem formation and event composition in Oji-Cree. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778264.003.0012.
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This chapter investigates the structure of the verb stem in Oji-Cree, a dialect of the Algonquian language Ojibwe. It argues that a stem constitutes an independent semantic domain that corresponds to an event. This conception of stems explains why certain roots, called weak roots, must be preceded by modifiers, thereby satisfying a so-called left-edge requirement, while other roots, called strong roots, have no such requirement. Weak roots are semantically deficient and the obligatory pre-radical modifier is necessary to create a complete event. In contrast, an (optional) modifier before a strong root has scope over a complete event. The difference is illustrated by the morpheme /caaki/ ‘all’. When it combines stem-internally, its scope is restricted to internal arguments. However, when it combines stem-externally, it can have a quantificational reading with scope over an external argument. The semantic difference between stem-internal and stem-external composition is also correlated with some phonological differences.
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Wood, Jim, and Alec Marantz. The interpretation of external arguments. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767886.003.0011.
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This chapter examines the syntactic and semantic properties of heads, e.g. Voice, Appl, and little p, that add participants to events. Instead of assuming that such heads exist as distinct primitives in the functional lexicon, it is proposed that there is one such head, which can get different interpretations depending on how it is merged into the structure. The chapter’s approach attributes the relative uniformity of the expression of argument structure to the principles that interpret syntactic structure semantically; thus, syntax is truly autonomous, with the atoms of syntactic representations carrying no inherent semantic values. Once syntactic heads are absolved from the necessity of explicitly carrying certain features relevant to their interpretation, a sparse inventory of functional heads can be developed. The system is applied to a set of constructions that present distinct challenges to theories that demand a kind of transparent reflection of argument structure in underlying syntactic representations.
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Eckes, Christina. EU Powers Under External Pressure. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785545.001.0001.
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This book argues that external actions of the European Union result in an acceleration of national politics being locked into a tightening net of EU law. It brings to light the -hidden effects of EU external actions on, for example, the interpretation of organizational principles, pre-emption, and international obligations of the Member States. It then connects these effects to the broader debate on the democratic crisis, by engaging with the basic structures of the EU legal order and the Union’s relations with its citizens. The focus of this book is on the ‘outside-in’ effects of EU external relations. More specifically, the book sheds light on how the Union’s external actions affect the power division between the EU and its Member States, the structures that shape the relationship between the Union and its citizens, as well as the autonomy, effectiveness, and legitimacy of EU law. It examines, for example, the interpretation and potential of organizational principles, such as loyalty, subsidiarity, primacy, and coherence, in the context of external relations. It analyses how the choice of an external legal basis affects Member States’ powers. It traces how the European Parliament represents EU citizens in external relations. The book then analyses these legal findings through the lens of ‘structure of bonding’, that is, basic structures that have the potential to frame and affect the Union’s relations with its citizens. It shows how bonding structures could be used to justify that the Union takes external actions, including where they constrain Member States.
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Tesón, Fernando R. Between Internal and External Threats. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190202903.003.0009.
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How should we think about the morality of intervention? Since the morality of intervention is about striking a balance between internal and external threats to people’s rights and safety, a theory of intervention must take into account the nature and imperfections of our world, military capabilities, and the state system. This rules out certain alternative—more abstract or “idealized”—ways of thinking about these questions.
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Allen, Cynthia L. Dative External Possessors in Early English. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832263.001.0001.
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This book presents the results of a corpus-based case study of diachronic English syntax. Present Day English is in a minority of European languages in not having a productive dative external possessor construction. This construction, in which the possessor is in the dative case and behaves like an element of the sentence rather than part of the possessive phrase, was in variation with internal possessors in the genitive case in Old English, especially in expressions of inalienable possession. In Middle English, internal possessors became the only productive possibility. Previous studies of this development are not systematic enough to provide an empirical base for the hypotheses that have been put forward to explain the loss of external possessors in English, and these earlier studies do not make a crucial distinction among possessa in different grammatical relations. This book traces the use of dative external possessors in the texts of the Old and Early Middle English periods and explores how well the facts fit the major proposed explanations. A key finding is that the decline of the dative construction is visible within the Old English period and seems to have begun even before we have written records. Explanations that rely completely on developments in the Early Middle English period, such as the loss of case-marking distinctions, cannot account for this early decline. It does not appear that Celtic learners of Old English failed to learn the external possessor construction, but they may have precipitated the decrease in frequency in its use.
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Wouters, Jan, Frank Hoffmeister, Geert De Baere, and Thomas Ramopoulos. The Law of EU External Relations. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198869481.001.0001.
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This unique compilation of materials, cases, and commentary on EU external relations law is both a valuable teaching tool for (post-)graduate courses and seminars on the foreign relations of the European Union, as well as an indispensable first initiation in the legal foundations of the external action of the Union for diplomats, civil servants, attorneys, and other practitioners. Apart from making accessible key primary materials such as EU Treaty provisions; judgments and opinions of the Court of Justice; legislation; agreements; and more obscure documents revealing the law in practice, the book includes concise, expert legal analysis of these materials. The third edition of the book incorporates more than ten years of fascinating dynamics since the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty. Apart from analysing the general basis of the Union’s external action and its relationship to international law, the book explores the law and practice of the EU in more specialized fields of external action, such as common commercial policy, neighbourhood policy, development cooperation, cooperation with third countries, humanitarian aid, external environmental policy, and common foreign and security policy, as well as EU sanctions. The chapters contain numerous cross-references with a view to facilitating the establishment of connections between different issues and fields of law. Annotations and materials are kept to what is strictly necessary to place them in their context and to clarify links to documents presented elsewhere in the book.
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Stoneman, Paul, Eleonora Bartoloni, and Maurizio Baussola. The Extent of Product Innovation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198816676.003.0004.
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This chapter analyses data on indicators of the prevalence of product innovation. Analysis of survey data indicated that, in the three years before the 2012 CIS survey, about 25 per cent of all firms in the twenty-seven EU member states undertook product innovation. New-to-firm was more frequent than new-to-market. Differences across sectors, regions, and firm size are analysed. Further international comparisons are made. This analysis is supplemented by consideration of the extent of new product launches in a series of different industries using other data. It is observed that many new products are not significantly different from existing products. A prior study of barcode data indicates that over a nine-year period there was a 78 per cent entry rate for new products and a 72 per cent exit rate. The possibility of industry life cycles to which product innovation activity may be linked is also discussed.
Book chapters on the topic "Externé osi"
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Horsfall, Nicholas. "Externi duces." In Fifty Years at the Sibyl's Heels, 298–301. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863861.003.0024.
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The concept of Aeneas having a somehow privileged position because of his status as externus is vital to both the texture and argument of Books 7–12 of the Aeneid. The word is used by the haruspex, by the oracle of Faunus, and the uates, and on two occasions Virgil sets forth an argument on the meaning of externus. Hiltbrunner gives a list of ancient attempts to explain the word externus in Virgil, but it seems to be a word which in itself is neutral, although its element appears several times in the genealogical context of the foundation of Rome and the origins of its patrician families.
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Karapapa, Stavroula. "External Defences." In Defences to Copyright Infringement, 301–49. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795636.003.0009.
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Some defences are available on grounds that are extraneous to copyright and are based either on other bodies of law, such as competition law or e-commerce protection, or on general legal principles. These include, for instance, defences available to Internet service providers for infringements carried out by their users, including defences for hosting, caching, and ‘mere conduit’. Others are available on the grounds of competition law, such as refusal to license or abuse of dominant position, which could have a legal basis of application—inter alia—in certain mass digital activities of online services. Other available defences fall under general legal principles that can be invoked in cases where copyright exceptions do not cover an activity for which there is a principle-based justification for the particular conduct. Such a justification could be the public interest or the doctrine of the ‘abuse of right’. There are also a number of uses that can be permitted on grounds of benign infringement on the basis of the ‘innocuous use’ doctrine. Unlike other defences to copyright, these defensive rules represent instances where copyright may be subject to limitations as a result of its encounter with other legal orders. Such instances have either not been institutionalized within copyright law, such as speech entitlements or public policy privileges, or may have been partially included within it while offering principle-based explanations for acts of copyright infringement on the basis of legal grounds found in other areas of law or broader legal principles. These defences are an essential component to the understanding of the scope of permissible copyright use on the Internet as they can be extremely relevant in cases which involve online services and business models, such as hosting services, and online content use more broadly.
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Morlino, Leonardo, Daniela Piana, and Cecilia E. Sottilotta. "External Explanations." In Equality, Freedom, and Democracy, 185–211. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813873.003.0007.
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When checking the influence of European Union empirically, as for inequalities, first, the amount of resources which are devoted to cohesion policy is still negligible. Second, looking at the effects of the crisis and the impact of austerity measures, compounded by significant reforms of the EMU institutional architecture, the six countries under examination were affected to different degrees. Germany was mostly immune to the crisis, and Poland even experienced sustained growth during the crisis years. As a non-member of the Eurozone, the UK was affected by the crisis but retained its monetary sovereignty, and its commitment to austerity with a decline in social protection, healthcare and education cannot be directly traced to EU-level commitments. France avoided a significant overhaul of its welfare system, while Spain and Italy experienced a contraction, especially in the sectors of healthcare and education. As for freedoms, in the case of the possible ‘trade-off’ between the need to guarantee security in the face of domestic and international terrorism and citizens’ right to privacy, the middle ground established by the current EU ‘Privacy Shield’ paradigm leaves several problems unsolved. Moreover, it is essential to mention that the mechanism put in place by Article 7 of the Treaty on the European Union to sanction possible violations of those values and principles, has not been sufficient to stop the current democratic backslides in some member states, notably Poland and Hungary. To sum up, the new scenario seems to depict a more nuanced predominance of the transnational provisions in terms of European freedoms and a reshaping of the domestic-European balance.
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Warner, Giles, Andrea Burgess, Suresh Patel, Pablo Martinez-Devesa, and Rogan Corbridge. "The external ear." In OSH Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 325–50. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199230228.003.0143.
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Van Hulle, Inge. "Extraterritorial Jurisdiction and the Dawn of the Protectorate." In Britain and International Law in West Africa, 112–64. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198869863.003.0004.
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Chapter 3 discusses the indiscriminate extension of extraterritoriality by British imperial agents as a defining feature of British imperial legal techniques. From 1843 onwards, it is possible to discern a boom in the legislation providing for the exercise of extraterritorial jurisdiction and for the creation of consular posts. The term ‘protection’ was an inherent part of the discourse of imperial agents when they referred to the need to extend extraterritorial jurisdiction. In the context of empire, ‘protection’ proved a flexible semiotic tool that often understated the vast extent of intervention that went hand in hand with its use in legal settings. At the same in the meaning of protection as a military alliance implying control over external relations continued to survive and referred to the physical protection of African polities in return for their exclusive relationship with Britain. The growth of extraterritoriality is directly related to the genesis of the ‘colonial’ protectorate as a form of imperial governance.
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Trappmann, Vera. "External Transformation Anchors." In The Handbook of Political, Social, and Economic Transformation, 497–501. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829911.003.0049.
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This chapter analyses the role of the European Union as an external transformation anchor for political and economic transformations. Drawing on Europeanization and international socialization literature, it argues that only conditionality makes it effective (promising or threatening to withdraw membership in the EU); although this does not imply that the wished-for outcome does occur, often compliance is only formal, and social institutions and informal arrangements remain untouched. The chapter analyses the different stages the EU developed in its accession policy, distinguishing the increasing levels of influence and the instruments of its leverage.
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Bohlander, Michael. "“External Stakeholder Benevolence”." In The Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence 2018, 21–68. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190072506.003.0002.
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The debate about concerns surrounding the efficiency and legitimacy of international (criminal) courts has been joined by a new voice, judicial declarations on how proceedings can be expedited and the legitimacy deficit resolved, in particular the Paris Declaration of 2017 and the Oslo Recommendations of 2018, which deal with “enhancing their institutions’ legitimacy in the eyes of diverse stakeholders.” This article queries in detail whether either document manages to do that, as well as the emerging lens of “external stakeholder benevolence.” It argues that a traditional stakeholder theory approach must break down when the decision about the interest (fair trial) against which other stakeholders’ interests are to be balanced has been assigned exclusively to one stakeholder (judges), barring other stakeholders from encroaching on that stakeholder’s position (judicial independence). The judicial perspective on stakeholder-theory-based attempts at defining the parameters of the judicial core environment will thus always be one of intrusion.
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Wouters, Jan, Frank Hoffmeister, Geert De Baere, and Thomas Ramopoulos. "External Environmental Policy." In The Law of EU External Relations, 316–58. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198869481.003.0009.
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This chapter recalls how the EU started to become engaged in the international protection of the environment. It explains in detail the ECJ case law on the choice of legal basis under EU law when an international agreement contains both aspects of commercial policy and environmental protection. It also analyses the internal struggle between the EU institutions on how to conduct international environmental negotiations. The chapter includes a case study about the EU’s role in combating climate change and underlines the important contribution of the EU in the operation of numerous international environmental conventions.
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Cremona, Marise. "Extending the Reach of EU Law." In EU Law Beyond EU Borders, 64–111. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842170.003.0003.
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This chapter explores the ways in which the EU uses its external relations powers and its wide range of external instruments to extend the reach of EU law, and the ways in which law shapes the EU’s external action. It examines three dimensions of the relationship between law and external action: first, the role law plays in the construction of the EU’s international presence as a ‘Union of values’; second, the use of law by the EU as a way of conducting its foreign policy and constructing its relationships; third, the EU as a regulatory actor engaged in shaping, importing and promoting international legal norms. These dynamics illustrate different aspects of the notion of the global reach of EU law and in so doing they raise questions about the ambivalent role that law plays in these processes, challenging our understanding of law as the foundation of the EU’s external power and the instrument through which, and in accordance with which, it expresses that power.
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Munoz-Cornejo, Gilberto, Carolyn B. Seaman, and A. Günes Koru. "An Empirical Investigation into the Adoption of Open Source Software in Hospitals." In Software Applications, 1608–27. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-060-8.ch095.
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Open source software (OSS) has gained considerable attention recently in healthcare. Yet, how and why OSS is being adopted within hospitals in particular remains a poorly understood issue. This research attempts to further this understanding. A mixed-method research approach was used to explore the extent of OSS adoption in hospitals as well as the factors facilitating and inhibiting adoption. The findings suggest a very limited adoption of OSS in hospitals. Hospitals tend to adopt general-purpose instead of domain-specific OSS. We found that software vendors are the critical factor facilitating the adoption of OSS in hospitals. Conversely, lack of in-house development as well as a perceived lack of security, quality, and accountability of OSS products were factors inhibiting adoption. An empirical model is presented to illustrate the factors facilitating and inhibiting the adoption of OSS in hospitals.
Conference papers on the topic "Externé osi"
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K. D. Villa, Daniel, Alexandre S. Brandão, and Mario Sarcinelli-Filho. "Navegação em ambientes externos com quadrimotores em formação utilizando controle por modo deslizante adaptativo." In Congresso Brasileiro de Automática - 2020. sbabra, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.48011/asba.v2i1.1636.
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Neste trabalho se propõe uma solução para a navegação externa de quadrimotores em formação. Os veículos aéreos não tripulados (VANTs) navegam como uma formação líder-seguidor, em que a posição do líder é estimada utilizando os sensores a bordo do veículo, enquanto a posição do seguidor é estimada por servo-visão baseada em posição. Para lidar com as perturbações do ambiente externo (por exemplo, rajadas de vento) e dinâmicas não modeladas do veículo, um controle robusto por modo deslizante é utilizado. A proposta foi validada experimentalmente utilizando dois quadrimotores Parrot Bebop 2 em um ambiente externo. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que o sistema de controle proposto é capaz de cumprir tarefas de seguimento de trajetória em formação mesmo com incerteza nos parâmetros dinâmicos e distúrbios externos.
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"External Reviewers." In 2010 International Workshop on Storage Network Architecture and Parallel I/Os (SNAPI). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/snapi.2010.8.
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DeRose, Christopher T., Rohan Kekatpure, Andrew Starbuck, Andrew Pomerene, and Anthony L. Lentine. "A CMOS compatible external heater-modulator." In 2014 IEEE Optical Interconnects Conference (OI). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oic.2014.6886057.
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Xiang-wei, ZHANG, NING Yong-qiang, ZHANG Xing, ZHANG Li-sen, LIU Di, ZHANG Jin-sheng, and ZHANG Yan. "The control of the polarization of the electrical-pumped vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser with metal-grating." In CIOMP-OSA Summer Session: Lasers and Their Applications. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/sumsession.2011.th6.
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Rinehart, R. "233. Mechanisms to Extend OSH Information and Services to the Self-Employed in Malaysia." In AIHce 2002. AIHA, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2766161.
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Jin Hyoung Lee, Ivan Shubin, Jin Yao, Justin Bickford, Ying Luo, Shiyun Lin, Stevan S. Djordjevic, et al. "High power and energy-efficient WDM Si/III–V hybrid external-cavity lasers." In 2014 IEEE Optical Interconnects Conference (OI). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oic.2014.6886086.
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Shiyun Lin, Stevan S. Djordjevic, John E. Cunningham, Ivan Shubin, Ying Luo, Jin Yao, Guoliang Li, et al. "Vertical-coupled high-efficiency tunable III–V- CMOS SOI hybrid external-cavity laser." In 2014 IEEE Optical Interconnects Conference (OI). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oic.2014.6886088.
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Jin-Hyoung Lee, Jock Bovington, Ivan Shubin, Ying Luo, Jin Yao, Shiyun Lin, John E. Cunningham, Kannan Raj, Ashok V. Krishnamoorthy, and Xuezhe Zheng. "12.2% waveguide-coupled wall plug efficiency in single mode external-cavity tunable Si/III–V hybrid laser." In 2015 IEEE Optical Interconnects Conference (OI). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oic.2015.7115726.
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Bravo, Raquel S. F., Loana T. Nogueira, Fábio Protti, and Clautenis Vianna. "Obstruções Mínimas de Cografos-(2,1) com restrição externa." In I Encontro de Teoria da Computação. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/etc.2016.9747.
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Caracterizamos os cografos cujo conjunto de vértices pode ser particionado em k conjuntos independentes e ℓ cliques, denominados grafos-(k, ℓ) e consideramos todas as possíveis restrições entre as partes (restrições externas), isto é, quaisquer duas partes distintas i e j podem ser completamente adjacentes, completamente não adjacentes ou sem restrições. Determinamos todas as possíveis obstruções minimais dos cografos-(2, 1) com restrições externas.
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Cowan, Brett, and Paris von Lockette. "Trade Space Exploration of a Magnetically Actuated Miura-Ori Structure." In ASME 2017 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2017-3867.
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Origami folding patterns are finding use in novel applications where actual device response depends on current, possibly intermediate, shapes on the path toward the final target shape. This works investigates one origami pattern, developing metrics for performance that incorporate traditional shape approximation and actuator efficiency, while adding proxy measures of adherence to the target folding path. Magnetically actuated Miura-Ori structures were develop using an initially heuristic strategy involving experiment, observation, and computation before being studied using trade space optimization/visualization. Constructed from PDMS substrates, notched to promote the crease pattern, and neodymium magnets, four initial configurations were chosen based on heuristic arguments that (1) maximized the amount of magnetic torque applied to the creases and (2) reduced the number of magnets needed to affect all creases in the pattern. Experiments were conducted, and calculations performed, on prototypes from each configuration to determine their degree of closure for a fixed maximum field strength, their ability to follow the ideal Miura-Ori folding pattern, and the amount of work theoretically performed by each magnet on each crease. Each configuration was further optimized theoretically using the Army Trade Space Visualization (ATSV) software. A final prototype was constructed following the weighted sum scoring of the four now optimized configurations. Somewhat surprisingly, trade space optimization showed that the configuration with the highest number of actuators was theoretically the least effective per magnet at delivering torque to each crease. Unsurprisingly, optimization was successful at increasing the amount of work theoretically apportioned to each crease. Overall, though the winning configuration experimentally outperformed its initial, non-optimal counterparts, results showed that the choice of optimum configuration was heavily dependent on the weighting factors within the objective function. These results highlight the ability of the Miura-Ori to be actuated with external magnetic stimuli, the effectiveness of a hybrid heuristic - trade space design approach that focuses on the actuation mechanism, and the need to address path-dependent metrics in assessing performance in origami folding structures.