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Journal articles on the topic 'Externalisation'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 July 2024

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1

Xanthopoulou, Ermioni. "Mapping EU Externalisation Devices through a Critical Eye." European Journal of Migration and Law 26, no. 1 (January 31, 2024): 108–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12340170.

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Abstract The purpose of this article is to scope, map and critique EU externalisation devices in asylum law. The article first evaluates the internal dimension of externalisation in EU asylum law, with the Dublin system being an internal device of externalisation supported by the securitisation of asylum law. The article then maps EU border externalisation manifested in border violence and critically discusses judicial responses to it. Finally, the article scrutinises EU externalisation beyond its borders, as realised by the outsourcing of asylum responsibilities or border controls to non-European countries. EU externalisation is here studied in a multi-faceted way, taking stock of devices from across the spectrum of EU asylum law. It is argued that EU externalisation is wholly underpinned by a neo-colonial narrative of emergency and repulsion that is harmful to refugees as it does not sit comfortably with principles of refugee law or EU and international human rights law.

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2

Vey, Judith. "Exclaves in the Externalisation Society: Accommodation, provisions and care for refugees in Germany." Culture, Practice & Europeanization 8, no. 2 (2023): 183–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2566-7742-2023-2-183.

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Externalisation is a core structural feature of capitalist societies. The negative effects of a capitalist mode of society and economy are externalised to other countries and later generations. The question that will be addressed in this paper is how externalisation societies respond when people from the externalised societies push into the inside of the externalisation countries, as for example in the context of forced migration. In this article, using the example of the accommodation, provision and care system for refugees in Germany, I will show that a fundamental element of externalisation is to re-externalise the people fleeing to the Global North into exclaves within the externalisation societies. I therefore argue that refugee accommodations need to be theorised as exclaves in externalisation societies, since spaces are created that are outside of these societies despite being territorially enclosed. In order to understand the character of the exclaves’ borders and the bordering processes, I will refer to Critical Border Studies. This area of study helps us to conceptualise borders not only and not mainly as the material demarcation lines of a social entity. Instead, they result from a permanent social practice. They can be drawn almost anywhere and by anyone. Therefore, I will also trace the intended and unintended bordering processes in the context of refugee accommodation, and I will present examples in which these processes have failed. The added value of my contribution lies on three levels. First, I extend the externalisation concept and apply it to a new topic. Second, I add a global perspective to the understanding of refugee accommodation, provisions and care in externalisation societies by applying the externalisation approach to this field. Third, by introducing Critical Border Studies, I flesh out the externalisation concept by showing that borders are decentralised, highly fluid, never closed and neither universally valid nor visible to everyone.

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3

Chanson, Guillaume. "Externalisation et théorie des coûts de transaction : analyser un phénomène dynamique avec une théorie statique ?" Management international 18, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1024202ar.

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Par définition, l’externalisation d’une fonction suppose sa réalisation interne préalable. Or, la théorie des coûts de transaction williamsonnienne repose essentiellement sur une comparaison des coûts de structures de gouvernance alternatives. Cette recherche propose une dynamisation grâce à la notion de coûts de transition, pour lesquels nous avons procédé à un approfondissement conceptuel. L’étude de prises de décision réelles (aboutissant à des externalisations ou des maintiens en interne) au sein de maisons d’édition scolaire permet d’éclairer cette dynamisation en précisant les coûts relatifs à une externalisation et en interrogeant l’influence des coûts de transaction ex-ante.

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4

Vaysset, Gilles. "Externalisation et surveillance." Revue d'économie financière 90, no. 4 (2007): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecofi.2007.4414.

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5

Ball, David, and Carleton Earl. "Outsourcing and externalisation." Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 34, no. 4 (December 2002): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096100060203400403.

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6

Gezelius, Stig S. "Limits to externalisation." Marine Policy 23, no. 2 (March 1999): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-597x(98)00034-7.

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7

Kowalkowski, Christian, Daniel Kindström, and Lars Witell. "Internalisation or externalisation?" Managing Service Quality: An International Journal 21, no. 4 (July 12, 2011): 373–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09604521111146252.

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8

Sinha, S., M. Fok, A. Davenport, N. Banga, B. Lindsey, B. Fernando, and CJ Forman. "Use of the embedded peritoneal dialysis catheter." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 100, no. 7 (September 2018): 534–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2018.0088.

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Introduction The use of embedded peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheters is purported to offer numerous benefits over standard placement. However, the optimum period of embedment and the effect of prolonged embedment on subsequent catheter function remain unclear. Methods This retrospective observational study looked at adult patients undergoing embedded PD catheter insertion in a large tertiary referral centre in the UK. Possible predictors for catheter non-function at externalisation were investigated. These included patient factors (age, sex, diabetic status, body mass index, ethnicity, smoking status, previous surgery, estimated glomerular filtration rate), procedural factors (modality of surgery, concurrent surgical procedure), duration of catheter embedment and catheter damage at externalisation. Outcomes examined were proportion of catheters functioning after externalisation, futile placement rate, surgical reintervention rate, infectious complication rate and proportion of externalised catheters lost owing to malfunction. Results Sixty-six catheters were embedded and two-thirds (n=47, 63.6%) were externalised after a median embedment period of 39.4 weeks. Of these, 25 (53.2%) functioned on externalisation. Fourteen (63.6%) of the 22 non-functioning catheters were salvaged. The overall utilisation of PD was 34/47 (72.3%) and the futile placement rate was 12.1%. Over half of the externalised catheters (n=27, 57.4%) were lost directly as a result of catheter related complications, with a median survival time of 39.4 weeks. In adjusted analysis, increasing embedment duration was significantly predictive of catheter non-function at externalisation (adjusted odds ratio: 0.957, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.929–0.985, p=0.003) while subsequent catheter loss was highly dependent on catheter function at externalisation (hazard ratio: 0.258, 95% CI: 0.112–0.594, p=0.001). Conclusions Prolonged embedment of PD catheters is associated with a significantly higher likelihood of catheter dysfunction following externalisation, which is in turn associated with subsequent catheter loss. We have discontinued the use of this technique in our unit.

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9

Vos, David, and Joris Voets. "Why do Local Governments Externalise Public Service Delivery? An Empirical Analysis of the Drivers of Corporatisation, Public-public Collaboration and PPP in the Flemish Elderly Care Sector." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 20, no. 1 (January 23, 2022): 215–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/20.1.215-237(2022).

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Based on a study of 22 Flemish local governments and their respective delivery of elderly care, this article analyses the drivers of three local public service delivery externalisation options: corporatisation, public-public collaboration and public-private partnerships (PPP). The analysis reveals a combination of financial and economic efficiency underlying externalisation. Further, while political ideology appears to impact the choice for PPP, the findings suggest that externalisation is guided by pragmatic rather than political-ideological motivations. Overall, the results show that smaller and more financially strapped local governments are more inclined to choose for public-public collaboration and PPP. Rather than the overall financial situation of local governments being a underlying factor, the (potential) impact of the service-related costs on local finances drive externalisation. We also find that policymakers do not solely motivate their choices based on past and current situations, but also anticipate future challenges.

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10

Ranscombe, Charlie, and Wenwen Zhang. "WHAT MOTIVATES AND DISCOURAGES DESIGNERS TO USE DIGITAL SKETCHING? COMPARING ITS USE TO EXTERNALISE IDEAS VERSUS COMMUNICATING WITH EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDERS." Proceedings of the Design Society 1 (July 27, 2021): 3441–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.605.

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AbstractDigital design tools have dominated engineering and design practice offering many advantages that ultimately improve efficiency in the design process. Digital sketching is one such example of these tools yet, its current use is primarily to present work to stakeholders (External Communication). It is relatively underused to externalise ideas (Externalisation) where sketching on paper is still favoured. This paper aims to understand the characteristics of digital sketching that motivate or discourage designers to use the tool. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 12 designers to gain insights on the tool's use in External Communication and Externalisation. Results highlight a trade-off between fidelity of visualisations and time and effort expended to achieve visualisations. The key difference between the use scenarios is the way in which this trade-off is connected to managing stakeholder involvement. While designers acknowledge advantages that digital sketching can offer in externalisation, it is viewed as requiring a level of detail to begin use. In conclusion we suggest segmenting roles of digital sketching in terms of the characteristics identified in this study would help to motivate use in Externalisation.

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11

Wihtol de Wenden, Catherine. "Vers une externalisation de l'asile." Projet 284, no. 1 (2005): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pro.284.0019.

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Wenden, Catherine Wihtol de. "Vers une externalisation de l'asile." Projet HS 01, no. 7 (2010): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pro.hs319.0025.

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13

Carleial1, Liana. "Externalisation de la force de travail au Brésil : une voie sans retour ?" Revue multidisciplinaire sur l'emploi, le syndicalisme et le travail 8, no. 2 (October 20, 2014): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1027060ar.

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L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser le développement récent, dans la société brésilienne, de l´externalisation de la force de travail. Dans la première décennie de ce siècle, la société brésilienne et son économie ont vécu une période spéciale marquée par le retour de la croissance économique, l’augmentation des investissements et des emplois bénéficiant d’un contrat de travail formel. Cependant, cette performance de l’économie brésilienne a encouragé à son tour une augmentation significative de la pratique de l´externalisation de la force de travail qui est en train de se généraliser à tous les secteurs d´activités économiques. Dans un contexte où l’on observe à la fois un certain optimisme vis-à-vis de la croissance économique et du marché du travail au Brésil et une augmentation du recours à l´externalisation de la force de travail, le cadre juridique très fragile paraît tout à fait incapable de réguler cette pratique qui conduit à la précarisation du travail.

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14

Alcalde, Maxence. "Art corporel et externalisation des risques." Nouvelle revue d’esthétique 5, no. 1 (2010): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/nre.005.0161.

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15

Wade, Katherine, Beatrice Robertson-Jones, and Alastair Hutchison. "Externalisation of a vein during venepuncture." BMJ Case Reports 15, no. 2 (February 2022): e246286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-246286.

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16

Strange, Roger. "Branding and the externalisation of production." International Marketing Review 23, no. 6 (November 2006): 578–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02651330610712111.

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17

OJEDA AVILÉS, Antonio. "L'«externalisation» du droit du travail." Revue internationale du Travail 148, no. 1-2 (June 2009): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1564-9121.2009.00048.x.

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18

Maharjan, Pushpa. "Knowledge Management Enablers for Knowledge Creation Externalisation in Nepalese Hospitality Industry." Nepalese Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njhtm.v1i1.44399.

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This paper examines the relationships between the knowledge management enablers and knowledge creation externalisation in the hospitality industry such as hotel, travel and trekking agencies in Nepal. The study is based on primary data with 382 responses. The self-administered questionnaires were used to collect the perceptive opinions from the respondents. The study concludes that the key knowledge management enablers such as collaboration, trust, learning, centralisation and information technology do influence to the knowledge creation externalisation positively. Managers should promote collaboration, trust, learning and information technology facilities for employees to create knowledge in organisation.

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19

Bubbio, Paolo Diego. "Hegel’s Notion of Entäußerung as Active Justice." Journal for the Academic Study of Religion 37, no. 1 (May 30, 2024): 25–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jasr.27504.

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This article investigates the connection between Hegel’s notion of kenosis and his account of justice, exploring the relevance of this connection in assessing Hegel’s political theology and its lasting influence. The inquiry approaches the kenotic aspect of Hegel’s thought by focusing on the notion of Entäußerung as externalisation, aiming to highlight its active aspect. The article argues that within the dialectical mediation between interiorisation and externalisation, Hegel’s conception of justice is functionally structured as a form of Entäußerung. It surveys some of the most notable responses offered in recent decades to the question whether Hegel can contribute to the dismantling of inequality and the affirmation of justice. Subsequently, it argues that an interpretation of justice that takes into consideration the dual movement of interiorisation and externalisation enables the recollection and transformation of memories of struggles in the pursuit of justice. Lastly, the article explores the advantages that interpreting justice as Entäußerung offers in terms of social change and progress compared to alternative perspectives, and suggests that such an interpretation can provide a meaningful contribution to a new political theology of the oppressed.

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20

Delouvin, Patrick. "Europe : vers une "externalisation" des procédures d'asile ?" Hommes et Migrations 1243, no. 1 (2003): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/homig.2003.4010.

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21

Al Masri, Khaled, and Noureddine Menani. "Le partenariat public-privé : une externalisation discutée." Recherches en Sciences de Gestion N° 155, no. 2 (June 19, 2023): 317–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/resg.155.0317.

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La personne publique, sous contrainte budgétaire, choisit d’externaliser afin de maîtriser les coûts. Nous observons que cet objectif n’est pas atteint. Cet article tente de rechercher la vraie légitimité d’un partenariat public-privé, en analysant le cas du Centre National des Sports de la Défense. Une étude qualitative basée sur des entretiens semi-directifs, un questionnaire et de l’observation non-participante a donné lieu au constat suivant : un intérêt pour les compétences émerge au détriment de la réduction budgétaire. Nous concluons que la recherche de l’amélioration de la qualité et le recentrage sur le cœur de métier permettent de légitimer le projet.

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22

Tan, Nikolas Feith. "Refugee Externalisation Policies: Responsibility, Legitimacy and Accountability." International Journal of Refugee Law 35, no. 2 (June 1, 2023): 242–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eead025.

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23

Barry, Céline. "Externalisation et racisme en Afrique : réflexions panafricaines." Plein droit 139, no. 4 (February 2, 2024): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pld.139.0043.

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Quels regards portent les acteurs du sans-frontiérisme et du panafricanisme au sujet des processus à l’œuvre dans l’externalisation du contrôle des frontières européennes sur le continent africain et de leurs effets socio-politiques ? Céline Barry esquisse quelques-uns des enjeux qui sous-tendent, du point de vue de représentant·es de ces mouvements, la configuration actuelle du régime frontalier et des rapports de domination sous-jacents.

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24

Babapour Chafi, Maral. "Roles of externalisation activities in the design process." Swedish Design Research Journal 11, no. 1 (June 28, 2016): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/vid.2000-964x.14134.

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Designers engage in various activities, dealing with different materials and media to externalise and represent their form ideas. This paper presents a review of design research literature regarding externalisation activities in design process: sketching, building physical models and digital modelling. The aim has been to review research on the roles of media and representations in design processes, and highlight knowledge gaps and questions for future research.

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Barthélemy, Jérôme. "Externalisation : le manque de contrat tue, l'excès aussi." L'Expansion Management Review N° 135, no. 4 (2009): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/emr.135.0122.

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Babapour Chafi, Maral. "Roles of externalisation activities in the design process." Swedish Design Research Journal 11 (June 28, 2016): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/svid.2000-964x.14134.

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Designers engage in various activities, dealing with different materials and media to externalise and represent their form ideas. This paper presents a review of design research literature regarding externalisation activities in design process: sketching, building physical models and digital modelling. The aim has been to review research on the roles of media and representations in design processes, and highlight knowledge gaps and questions for future research.

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27

Sigala, Marianna, and Kalotina Chalkiti. "Improving performance through tacit knowledge externalisation and utilisation." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 56, no. 5/6 (June 26, 2007): 456–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17410400710757141.

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28

Barreteau, H. "Externalisation de la stérilisation, vous avez dit externalisée…" Le Pharmacien Hospitalier 44, no. 2 (June 2009): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phhp.2009.03.006.

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29

Adams, Katherine. "Externalisation vs Specialisation: What is Happening to Personnel?" Human Resource Management Journal 1, no. 4 (June 1991): 40–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.1991.tb00236.x.

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30

García-Castillero, Carlos. "Morphological Externalisation and the Old Irish Verbal ParticleRo1." Transactions of the Philological Society 111, no. 1 (September 13, 2012): 108–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-968x.2012.01316.x.

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31

Decamp, André. "Service public français entre digitalisation, externalisation et invisibilisation." VST - Vie sociale et traitements N° 158, no. 2 (May 16, 2023): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/vst.158.0102.

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32

Cheng, Jingwen, and Yihan Ding. "Influence of Parenting Styles on Problematic Behaviours of Migrant Children." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 22 (November 26, 2023): 746–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v22i.13354.

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The living environment of migrant children changes dramatically when they settle in cities with their parents. If migrant children do not adapt well to the new environment, they may develop psychological deviations and internalised problematic behaviours. Research has shown that poor parenting styles increase the incidence of children's psychological problems and easily trigger problematic behaviours in migrant children. This study explores four aspects of the relationship between parenting styles and migrant children's internalised and externalised problems, the effects of different parenting styles on migrant children's internalised and externalised problems, and further illustrates the mediating roles of migrant children's self-esteem, parent-child relationship, and social support between the two. It was found that positive parenting styles were negatively related to the problematic behaviours of migrant children, while negative parenting styles increased the occurrence of migrant children's internalisation problems; negative parenting styles increased the likelihood of migrant children's externalisation problems, while positive parenting styles could, to a certain extent, stifle the emergence of the aforementioned externalisation problems. Therefore, schools and society should pay attention to the correct guidance of parents' communication and expression styles, and at the same time pay attention to the establishment of a warm atmosphere and a pleasant communication process in the family, so as to reduce the internalisation problems of migrant children. In addition, if migrant children have externalisation problems, parents, schools and society should help them to set up good behavioural models and provide them with timely and correct guidance.

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33

Mc Namara, Frank. "Member State Responsibility for Migration Control within Third States – Externalisation Revisited." European Journal of Migration and Law 15, no. 3 (2013): 319–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-00002039.

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Abstract This article re-examines externalisation – direct migration control by Member States of the EU, within third states, i.e., States which are not members of the EU. The nature and extent of this control is considered. The instruments of externalisation examined are carrier sanctions and immigration liaison officers. State responsibility for these externalised migration controls is assessed. The jurisdiction of the ECtHR is the trigger for Member State responsibility. ECtHR jurisprudence has made it clear that it is the exercise of physical power and control over a person by the State, which is pivotal to deciding jurisdiction. Jurisdiction is engaged where the Court finds that physical power and control to have been ‘effective’. This threshold of ‘effective’ control which has emerged from the Court’s jurisprudence is a demanding hurdle. If State control is found to be ‘effective’, then the State is responsible for the full range of rights contained within the Convention. The question then stands whether or not the ECtHR can keep abreast with these controls which can lead to States evading jurisdiction and thus avoiding fundamental rights responsibilities. One possible interpretation of recent jurisprudence is that the ECtHR is moving toward a broader interpretation of jurisdiction. It is in this context that ‘externalised’ controls have come under renewed scrutiny. A prevailing opinion is that the ECtHR will be able to protect those asylum seekers who encounter externalised control. This article questions any such assumption. The author argues for an alternative reading of the jurisprudence of the ECtHR with regard to jurisdiction. The conclusion reached is that the hurdle of extraterritorial jurisdiction is so demanding that States avoid it despite exercising extensive control over migrants. It is asserted that despite this considerable control, examination by the ECtHR will result in a failure to satisfy the ‘effective’ control threshold. Responsibility can thus be avoided while extraterritorial control is retained. The control level held by the State is still capable of guaranteeing a denial of access to individuals in need of international protection. If jurisdiction is not engaged then this externalised migration control represents a divergence between State control and State responsibility. Taking the threshold for jurisdiction of the ECtHR as a starting point, the author suggests a distinction between externalisation on the one hand and the external dimension on the other. States, oftentimes with facilitation from the Union, pursue one of these two alternatives. Externalisation affords the State stronger and more direct control over the entry of the migrant into the territory of a Member State than the external dimension, where the control is indirect and weaker. This distinction allows for a refined understanding of externalisation and applies it to verifying Member State responsibility for externalised migration control.

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Marin, Luisa. "Policing the EU’s External Borders: A Challenge for the Rule of Law and Fundamental Rights in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice? An Analysis of Frontex Joint Operations at the Southern Maritime Border." Journal of Contemporary European Research 7, no. 4 (December 19, 2011): 468–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.30950/jcer.v7i4.379.

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This paper deals with policing the external borders of the European Union (EU), an issue that recently has witnessed significant developments in connection with the externalisation of the fight against undocumented migration. After a presentation of the conceptual elements underpinning the research (1), the paper presents the EU agency Frontex and its origin, tasks and responsibilities (2). The next section will focus on Frontex-led operations carried out at the southern maritime border (3), in order to critically look at issues arising in this context (4), with reference to their legal framework. The results of my analysis will be discussed in connection with the externalisation of migration policies, arguing that the EU and Member States (MSs) have engaged into a multiple exercise of venue shopping, to conclude with a (hopeful) outlook on the future, with the Lisbon Treaty providing new possibilities to fix current problems (5).

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Ozigci, Yunus Emre Ozigci. "The Black Sea’s Ebb and Flow." Perspectivas - Journal of Political Science 26 (June 1, 2022): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/perspectivas.4073.

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From its emergence onwards, the Black Sea as a regional system was shaped mainly through the internalisation of the international system, be it multipolar, bipolar or post-bipolar/unipolar. However, due to the regional build-up of the conttradictions inherent to post-bipolarity which outpaced the post-bipolar system’s own evolution, this process was reversed. With the Georgian and Ukrainian crises of 2008 and 2014, the regional context was externalised and had its own transformative impact on the post-bipolar international system. Ironically, the externalisation was followed by the peripheralisation of the region from the West’s perspective when the West had entered into a phase of return to collective defence and consolidation in its relations with Russia. This started a new, accelerated build-up of stresses in the Black Sea region, creating the circumstances of a new externalisation, that of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

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36

Rothermund, Klaus, and Jochen Brandtstädter. "Age stereotypes and self-views in later life: Evaluating rival assumptions." International Journal of Behavioral Development 27, no. 6 (November 2003): 549–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250344000208.

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Concerning the relation between age stereotypes and self-views in older people, three general assumptions can be distinguished: (1) age stereotypes contaminate the self-views of older people (“contamination hypothesis”), (2) age stereotypes serve as a reference standard for self-enhancing comparisons (“comparison hypothesis”), (3) individually held age stereotypes are a projection of elderly persons’ self-views (“externalisation hypothesis”). These hypotheses were evaluated in a cross-sequential study assessing self-ratings and ratings of the “typical old person” over a longitudinal interval of 8 years in a sample of 690 participants (initial age range 54–77 years). Conforming to the contamination hypothesis (but contrary to the comparison hypothesis), stereotyped expectations about elderly people predicted later self-appraisals. Conforming with the externalisation hypothesis, self-views had an influence on individually held age stereotypes. Findings also highlight the importance of differential factors: A disposition to flexibly disengage from blocked goals shields self-views from self-deprecating influences of negative age stereotypes in old age.

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37

Berthet, Thierry. "Externalisation et gouvernance territoriale des politiques actives de l'emploi." Revue Française de Socio-Économie 6, no. 2 (2010): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfse.006.0131.

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38

Baek, Chanwoong. "Internalising externalisation: utilisation of international knowledge in education policymaking." British Journal of Sociology of Education 43, no. 1 (November 22, 2021): 159–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2021.2007357.

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39

BOUVIER-PATRON, Paul. "Vers une externalisation partenariale de la R&D ?" Revue Française de Gestion Industrielle 28, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 99–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.53102/2009.28.03.763.

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40

Chanson, Guillaume. "Externalisation et performance dans prestataire la relation client-prestataire." Revue française de gestion 29, no. 143 (April 1, 2003): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rfg.143.43-54.

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41

Kavanagh, Ian, and David Parker. "Managing the contract: A transaction cost analysis of externalisation." Local Government Studies 26, no. 4 (December 2000): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03003930008434005.

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Zakharov, I. A., and M. M. Agafoshin. "Externalisation of Asylum Policy in the UK after Brexit." Contemporary Europe, no. 2 (123) (December 15, 2024): 114–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0201708324020098.

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The article explores the approaches and tools the UK disposes of to address an increasing number of asylum seekers and illegal migrants in a post-Brexit environment. The study is based on legislative and regulatory acts regulating the UK’s asylum policy, as well as international agreements and action plans that enable the externalization of the asylum policy. It is shown that it took the UK a rather short time to put in place a reformed legal framework to incorporate the most restrictive migration-related terms in Europe. The development of the concept of a “Third Safe Country” passing through which automatically places an asylum seeker onto the Unacceptable category provoked their criminalization and led to a nontransparent asylum system with virtually insurmountable barriers to entry. The externalization of the UK asylum policy was implemented through traditional readmission agreements, the number of which grew rapidly during the period under review, and through new tools, for example, the Rwandan Plan which allowed the UK to redirect refugees to Rwanda. It is concluded that despite the ambiguity of the plan it creates a legal precedent, which threatens developing countries of increased migration burden against the background of little resources to overcome migration crises.

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Paquet, Philippe. "Externalisation du système d'information : le point de vue du prestataire." Gestion 2000 28, no. 5 (2011): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/g2000.285.0123.

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Gąsior, Krzysztof, and Jan Chodkiewicz. "Adverse childhood experiences in women with externalisation and internalisation disorders." Current Issues in Personality Psychology 8, no. 2 (2020): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/cipp.2020.96087.

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Rapp, Lucien. "Marchés publics internationaux, sous-traitance étrangère et externalisation des prestations." Droit et Ville 57, no. 1 (2004): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/drevi.2004.1843.

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Spijkerboer, Thomas. "The Global Mobility Infrastructure: Reconceptualising the Externalisation of Migration Control." European Journal of Migration and Law 20, no. 4 (November 29, 2018): 452–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12340038.

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Abstract Since the end of the Cold War, migration law and policy of the global North has been characterised by externalisation, privatisation and securitisation. These developments have been conceptualised as denying access to migrants and as politics of non-entrée. This article proposes to broaden the analysis, and to analyse unwanted migration as merely one form of international human mobility by relying on the concept of the global mobility infrastructure. The global mobility infrastructure consists of the physical structures, services and laws that enable some people to move across the globe with high speed, low risk, and at low cost. People who have no access to it travel slowly, with high risk and at high cost. Within the global mobility infrastructure, travellers benefit from advanced forms of international law. For the excluded, international law reflects and embodies their exclusion before, during and after their travel to the global North. Exclusion is based on nationality, race, class and gender. The notion of the global mobility infrastructure allows for questioning the way in which international law reproduces these forms of stratification.

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Perry, Martin. "Flexible Production, Externalisation and the Interpretation of Business Service Growth." Service Industries Journal 12, no. 1 (January 1992): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02642069200000001.

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Cheng, Yang, and John Johansen. "Operations network development: internationalisation and externalisation of value chain activities." Production Planning & Control 25, no. 16 (October 2013): 1351–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2013.839064.

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Raza Naqvi, Syed Ali, Jane K. Sosabowski, Saeed Ahamad Nagra, Malik M. Ishfaq, Stephen J. Mather, and Torkjel Matzow. "Radiopeptide internalisation and externalisation assays: Cell viability and radioligand integrity." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 69, no. 1 (January 2011): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.09.005.

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Taşdelen, Birgül, and Ferihan Özmen. "The Concept of Externalisation and Digital Media: Example of Soma." Journal of Media Critiques 1, no. 3 (December 30, 2014): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17349/jmc114312.

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