Academic literature on the topic 'External Korea (South)'

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Journal articles on the topic "External Korea (South)"

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Graham, Edward M. "Reunification of Korea: Economic Consequences from an External Point of View." International Studies Review 6, no. 2 (September 28, 2005): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2667078x-00602002.

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Korean reunification remains an uncertainty. When and if it comes, the condition of the North Korean economy is primitive compared to the economy of South Korea. Because of massive investment needs in the North, and under plausible assumptions regarding savings rates in a unified Korea, the balance of payment of a reunified Korea is likely to deteriorate significantly in the event of reunification. Foreign direct investment could ameliorate this result, and might contribute to a more rapid catch-up of the North to the South.
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Pugacheva, O. S. "Social and Humanitarian Factor in South Korea's External Relations and The Korean Question." MGIMO Review of International Relations 13, no. 1 (March 3, 2020): 147–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2020-1-70-147-168.

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The development of the socio-humanitarian dimension of world politics provides new opportunities for enhancing the role and influence of the middle powers in the global affairs. That is why for understanding and assessment of their political opportunities on the international arena, it is necessary to analyze the approaches and policies of such countries on using socio-humanitarian factor to balance in the existing world balance power and ensure their foreign policy interests. The aim of the article is to analyze South Korea’s activities in the social and humanitarian sphere of world politics in the context of its foreign policy interests. The research question is: what is the role of the socio-humanitarian factor, in particular public diplomacy, in the external activities of South Korea with regard to the settlement of the Korean question? The author argues that South Korea sees social and humanitarian sphere as a possibility to strengthen its role and influence on the international arena. While developing the discourse of South Korea as a middle power, the South Korean leadership seeks to take part in creating norms and rules in different fields of global governance. Despite controversies concerning its status and policy as that of a middle power, South Korea advances through public diplomacy the discourse that constructs and enhance its middle power status and can contribute in forming the corresponding national identity. South Korea uses national branding as well to strengthen its political image. Further, the article points out that promoting South Korea’s stance and defending its interests on the Korean Peninsula represent a key task of South Korea’s public diplomacy. In particular, the article examines South Korea’s public diplomacy mechanisms on the Korean track towards the United States and emphasizes that although South Korea has actively engaged in public diplomacy in the USA, it still has a lot to do to explain South Korea's concerns to American political elites and U.S. publics and ensure that the relationship with the United States fully serves South Korean interests. Moreover, it is noted that enhancing South Korea’s role in global governance as well as forming constructive unification discourse (unification as a process now and as a result someday in the future) within the country and abroad are supposed to expand its opportunities to maneuver in the regional politics of East Asia and provide support for the South Korean initiatives on the Korean settlement. In the end, the author turns to the inter-Korean relations. The author states that different South Korean administrations have prioritized different functions of the socio-humanitarian factor. Conservative administrations put an emphasis on information pressure on the DPRK while the development of inter-Korean relations was conditioned by the denuclearization of North Korea. Progressive administrations prefer engaging the DPRK in social, humanitarian and economic interactions. In the first case the result was a rollback in inter-Korean relations with the North Korean leader-ship receiving additional grounds for the development of its military nuclear program. In the second case the social and humanitarian area was and remains a dimension providing promising opportunities for cooperation that is beneficial to the both parties as it is aimed at solving specific and practical problems of common interest. In that sense, the author argues that social and humanitarian factor in inter-Korean relations could serve as a safety cushion during intensification of the inter-Korean conflict and provide a launch pad for finding a way out of the impasses.
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Sang Hyun, Moon. "Global Pressure, Local Adjustment: The Political Economy of Telecommunication Liberalization in Korea in the 1990s." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 22, no. 2 (February 28, 2008): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps22201.

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This paper examines the political and economic implications of the liberalization of international telecommunications in South Korea in the 1990s and the changing roles of the South Koran state. Until the end of the 1980s, the South Korean telecommunications sector was controlled by a public monopoly. With the internal political and economic need for industrial restructuring, various external forces have driven liberalization of the telecommunications industry since the late 1980s. Intertwined with the national political economy, those external forces and, more generally, structural transformations in the global political economy have also significantly affected the nature and roles of the South Korean state.
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Cha, Victor D., and Katrin Katz. "South Korea in 2010." Asian Survey 51, no. 1 (January 2011): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2011.51.1.54.

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For the Obama administration, unforeseen dynamics in East Asia over the past year have escalated the importance of the U.S.-ROK alliance to unprecedented levels for the United States. But the alliance remains vulnerable to external shocks, rendering the continuation of the current phase of unmitigated harmonious ties far from certain.
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Kim, H., H. M. Kang, S. I. Choi, and S. Jeon. "Identifying relevant international forest regimes for South Korea based on their issues." International Forestry Review 22, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 438–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554820831255498.

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South Korea has focused on bilateral agreements to supply timber since the 1990s which requires cooperation with forest-related international organisations. This study analysed the relationship between South Korean and international forest regimes by identifying the issues these regimes face and analysing South Korea's contribution to these regimes. The study used data from an in-depth content analysis of key policy documents between South Korea and each of the regimes. The results confirm six forest-related international issues: Sustainable Forest Management, Sustainable Development Goals, forest land degradation and desertification, climate change, illegal logging, forest biodiversity, and species conservation. South Korea contributed to these regimes through cooperative initiatives and projects. This contribution, furthermore, directs other countries' participation to confront the issues. Most of the international forest-related issues in South Korea are derived from external elements such as international agreements or governances. South Korea also uses international regimes to encourage national goals.
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Muliawati, Esty Fidhela, Widya Setiabudi, and Wawan Darmawan. "Trust-politik Korea Selatan kepada Korea Utara dalam Konteks Reunifikasi Korea Pada Pemerintahan Park Geun-hye." Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) 4, no. 2 (October 24, 2021): 809–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v4i2.749.

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The reunification of Korea is something that has been continuously discussed in every government of the presidents of South Korea. The concept of foreign policy of the 11th President of South Korea, Park Geun-hye, is known as Trust-Politics Policy. Trust-politics is President Park's overarching political philosophy. It is a vision and a policy tool applied to domestic politics and international relations. At its heart lies the concept of trust. Trust-Political Policy, influenced by internal and external factors. This politics seeks to build mutually binding expectations based on global norms. The purpose of the problem in this research is to find out the idea of reunification of South and North Korea during President Park and to explain South Korea's Trust-Political Policy to North Korea in the context of Korean Reunification. Researchers used qualitative research methods with literature study techniques in the process of collecting data. Based on the results of discussion and data analysis, reunification can be carried out using three Korean reunification scenarios, namely unification through evolution and adaptation systems, unification through collapse and absorption, and unification through conflict. As well as the idiosyncratic factors that influence Park in politics are factors of leadership, belief, culture, and the political system.
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Baek, Seung-Gwan. "External factors and adjustment policies in South Korea." Journal of Asian Economics 2, no. 2 (September 1991): 265–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1049-0078(91)90039-n.

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Oh, Je Hyeok, Gyu Chong Cho, Seung Mok Ryoo, So Hyun Han, Seon Hee Woo, Yong Soo Jang, Youngsuk Cho, Minseob Sim, and Oh Hyun Kim. "Mismatches Between the Number of Installed Automated External Defibrillators and the Annual Rate of Automated External Defibrillator Use Among Places." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 36, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x20001508.

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AbstractAim:In South Korea, the law concerning automated external defibrillators (AEDs) states that they should be installed in specific places including apartment complexes. This study was conducted to investigate the current status and effectiveness of installation and usage of AEDs in South Korea.Methods:Installation and usage of AEDs in South Korea is registered in the National Emergency Medical Center (NEMC) database. Compared were the installed number, usage, and annual rate of AED use according to places of installation. All data were obtained from the NEMC database.Results:After excluding AEDs installed in ambulances or fire engines (n = 2,003), 36,498 AEDs were registered in South Korea from 1998 through 2018. A higher number of AEDs were installed in places required by the law compared with those not required by the law (20,678 [56.7%] vs. 15,820 [43.3%]; P <.001). Among them, 11,318 (31.0%) AEDs were installed in apartment complexes. The overall annual rate of AED use was 0.38% (95% CI, 0.33-0.44). The annual rate of AED use was significantly higher in places not required by the law (0.62% [95% CI, 0.52-0.72] versus 0.21% [95% CI, 0.16-0.25]; P <.001). The annual rate of AED use in apartment complexes was 0.13% (95% CI, 0.08-0.17).Conclusion:There were significant mismatches between the number of installed AEDs and the annual rate of AED use among places. To optimize the benefit of AEDs in South Korea, changes in the policy for selecting AED placement are needed.
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Mulyaman, Darynaufal. "Lee Myung Bak’s Choice on Sunshine Policy: South Korean National Interests and North Korean Threat." JURNAL SOSIAL POLITIK 4, no. 2 (December 26, 2018): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/sospol.v4i2.5867.

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Sunshine Policy that had been implemented by South Korean Government on Kim Dae-Jung and Roh Moo-Hyeon’s administration from 1998-2008. This policy started to do cooperative behavior for treating North Korea as a partner, not contrarily, yet the Sunshine Policy was considered as a failure by Lee Myung-Bak’s administration, thereupon stopped offhandedly despite recent cultural and cooperative diplomacy that had been done by his successor President Moon Jae-In. Then Why the South Korean government at the time of President Lee Myung-Bak stopped the Sunshine Policy offhand? In the scheme of National Interest idea, North Korea still a predominant threat that very paramount for South Korean national interest, even an accommodative and cooperative policy like Sunshine Policy could not emphasize South Korean national interests. This paper also tries to analyze the issue with explaining foreign policy decision making factors, such as the domestic and external factor, decision environment, and psychology factor of President Lee Myung-Bak at that time.
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Haggard, Stephan, and Marcus Noland. "North Korea in 2007: Shuffling in from the Cold." Asian Survey 48, no. 1 (January 2008): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2008.48.1.107.

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The year 2007 witnessed a gradual rapprochement between North Korea and the world, reflecting changes both in the country's external environment and domestic political economy. Key markers were the resumption of the Six-Party Talks and the second North-South summit. Whether these developments will endure depends largely on North Korean intentions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "External Korea (South)"

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Sivakumar, Sivalingam. "Dancing on the edge : the dynamics of external debt in the United States, South Korea and Argentina." Title page, table of contents and preface only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09arms624.pdf.

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Chung, Sae Won. "External Images of the EU: Comparative Analysis of EU Representations in Three Major South Korean Newspapers and Their Internet Editions." Thesis, University of Canterbury. National Centre for Research on Europe, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8921.

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This thesis explores textual and visual images of the EU in South Korea's three prestigious popular newspapers - Chosun Ilbo, Dong A Ilbo and Joong Ang Ilbo - and compares them to the imagery created by the internet versions of these newspapers. In recent years, much scholarly work has been done on the topics of EU imagery in print media, but no systemic attempt has yet been made to EU imagery in internet media. The thesis analyses EU news monitored daily in 12 months of 2008 (a year of the first G20 Summit in Washington and the 6th and 7th rounds of EU-Korea FTA negotiations). This study is interdisciplinary. The thesis draws on several significant theories and concepts from the media studies and linguistics. On top of this, a wide range of approaches of content and visual analysis were reviewed. The study then considers and adopts a multimethodological approach of content analysis (studies by Chaban and Holland) and of visual analysis (by Bain) based on visual semiotics. However, to cope with internet media it also adds several categories which add the notion of interactivity to the original content analysis. It incorporates categories originating from a social semiotic approach (elements of interactive and compositional meta-functions) into the original visual analysis. The results of this study are presented in three case studies. In the first section of each case study the thesis provides a comprehensive overview featuring the latest information and various perspectives (political, economic, social, environmental and developmental). The second section presents formal characteristics of EU images in print newspapers and their internet versions. The third section covers substantive characteristics in both versions. The last section suggests the results of visual analysis. The results of this thesis contribute to two areas of studies: EU external perception studies and internet communication studies: as well as enhancing a deeper understanding of EU-Korea relations.
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Tomíšek, Jakub. "Přímé zahraniční investice z Korejské republiky do zemí EU (zejména do ČE, Polska, Slovenska a Maďarska)." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-4302.

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Presented thesis is focused on the nature of Korean direct investments in European Union, especially in the new central European member states (The Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia). The major task of thesis is to clarify, which Korean companies invest in central Europe and why do these companies locate their investments in new member states. Additionally, character of existing investments is analyzed. Thesis is divided into three main parts. Firstly, the explanation of development of Korean multinationals is provided. The main question of second part is why Korean multinationals invest in Europe and what the impact of European economic integration is. In the third part, distribution of Korean investments in central Europe is demonstrated. Both the nature of foreign direct investments and the effect of economic integration are analyzed from theoretical perspective first. Subsequently, theoretical concepts are applied on real data. Answer to all three main questions (which, why and how) will provide insight into future development of Korean direct investments in central Europe (middle- and long-term perspective).
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Kim, Chu-hun. "External debt and the growth of the Korean economy." Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9616.

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Cho, Jaeho. "External debt and openness policy in Korea." 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/34014323.html.

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Geesa, Rachel Louise. "South Korean male adolescents' internal and external influences in academic achievement." 2014. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1744492.

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South Korean adolescents’ motivation for high academic achievement is strongly influenced by extraordinary parental support, pressures to achieve, and the practice of utilizing both public and private learning environments in South Korea. To remain competitive, educational leaders may benefit from observations of other countries’ academic successes and consider the implications for the current American educational structure. The purpose of this study is to explore South Korean male adolescents’ daily educational routines and their perceptions of their internal and external educational support systems in relation to their academic achievement. Furthermore, this study provides insightful data for educators, educational leaders, and global education critics about South Korean adolescents’ academic motivations and determinations. Such insights may be important to decision makers in evaluating education models. The review of literature for this study examines South Korea’s economic progression, educational structure, and familial and cultural standards. In this qualitative research, I observed and documented the educational perspectives of students, parents, and teachers at an all-male high school in Seoul, South Korea and collected data from the participants through interviews, observations, and reviews of academic-related documents. I used these data to better understand the relationship between adolescents’ family influences and adolescents’ academic achievements. I also used these data to achieve a reality-based understanding of how adolescents’ internal and external influences and motivations affect academic achievement. Although I could not formulate generalizations from this qualitative research, this study does provide insights into the relationships between South Koreans’ family standards, influences, and attitudes, and South Korean adolescents’ personal investments and value systems in education.
Department of Educational Leadership
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Sivakumar, Sivalingam. "Dancing on the edge : the dynamics of external debt in the United States, South Korea and Argentina." Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/109242.

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Kohl, Richard David. "The causes of the third world debt crisis a comparison of Brazil and South Korea /." 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/29196606.html.

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Bae, Changhyo. "The role of exchange rate policy and external competitiveness in the growth and adjustment of the Korean economy." 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/36830808.html.

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Kil, Joon S. "Korea, Taiwan, and the Asian financial crisis domestic institutional differences and impact of external pressure for liberalization /." 2004. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/64576316.html.

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Books on the topic "External Korea (South)"

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Hak-chun, Kim. North and South Korea: Internal politics and external relations since 1988. [Mississauga, Ont.]: Society for Korean and Related Studies, 2006.

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North and South Korea: Internal Politics and External Relations Since 1988. University of Toronto Press, 2006.

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Woo, Jaejoon. Confronting South Korea's Next Crisis. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864424.001.0001.

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South Korea’s economic miracle is a well-known story. However, today Korea is confronting a new set of internal and external risks, which may foreshadow the next crisis. The Korean economy has struggled with a faltering growth momentum and the rise of unprecedented socio-economic problems well before the pandemic crisis. After abrupt downshifts to markedly slower growth in the early 2000s, economic growth has continued to decelerate. Koreans are grappling with slow income growth, all time-high household debt, high youth unemployment, inequality, and social polarization. Politics is in disarray and is incapable of directing social discourse for the common good. Rapid population aging along with the world’s lowest fertility rates stokes fears of Japanification. Simultaneously, disruptive technologies and a fast-changing business environment, including the rise of China, clash with a range of long-standing structural problems. The contemporary challenges are radically different from those seen in the early stages of industrialization. There are multiple risks that threaten to self-perpetuate low or stagnant growth over the next decade or so, if not an outright financial crisis. Motivated by these latest developments, this book seeks to provide a timely and in-depth analysis of key current issues and foreseeable challenges of the economy, with a provocative reassessment of its future. Based on extensive new empirical works, it examines the underlying causes of the socio-economic problems. In a constructive spirit, it puts into perspective what would constitute critical elements of ideal policy solutions and the direction of the future government’s role.
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Sana, Ashish Kumar, Bappaditya Biswas, Samyabrata Das, and Sandeep Poddar. Sustainable Strategies for Economic Growth and Decent Work: New Normal. Lincoln University College, Malaysia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31674/book.2022sseg.

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Almost every country throughout the globe has been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. The virus's propagation has a disastrous effect on both human health and the economy as a whole. The COVID-19 global recession is the worst since World War II ended. According to the IMF's April 2021 World Economic Outlook Report, the global economy declined by 3.5 percent in 2020, 7 percent drop from the 3.4 percent growth predicted in October 2019. While almost every IMF-covered nation saw negative growth in 2020, the decline was more extreme in the world's poorest regions. The global supply system and international trade of all countries, including India, were affected by the nationwide lockdown in India and around the world to stop the pandemic from spreading. Since the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the global business climate. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant public health and economic problems in South Asian countries and the worst impacted being India, Bangladesh and Pakistan in recent years. The nationwide lockdown adopted by the countries was effective in slowing down the spread of the coronavirus in South Asia, but it came at a substantial financial and social cost to society. Manufacturing activities in Japan, South Korea, Indonesia, Vietnam, and the Philippines have shrunk sharply. Tourism, trade and remittances, and all major sources of foreign money for South Asian countries, have been substantially impacted. The COVID-19 spread has had a significant influence on global financial markets. The international financial and energy markets substantially dropped as the number of cases began to rise globally, primarily in the United States, Italy, Spain, Germany, France, Iran, and South Korea along with South Asian countries. Reduced travel has had a substantial impact on service businesses such as tourism, hospitality, and transportation. According to IMF, (space required after,) 2020 South Asian economies are likely to shrink for the first time in 4 decades. The pandemic has pushed millions into poverty and widened income and wealth disparities because of premature deaths, workplace absenteeism and productivity losses. A negative supply shock has occurred with manufacturing and productive activity decreasing due to global supply chain disruptions and factory closures. This resulted in a severe short-term challenge for policymakers, especially when food and commodity prices rise, exacerbating economic insecurity. Failure to achieve equitable recovery might result in social and political unrest, as well as harsh responses from governments that have been less tolerant of dissident voices in recent years. Almost every area of the Indian economy is being ravaged by the pandemic. But the scope and degree of the damage vary from sector to sector within each area. One of the worst-affected areas in India is the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector. Apart from MSMEs, Agriculture and Agro-based industries, Banking companies and NBFCs and Social Sectors are also in jeopardy. The pandemic creates turmoil in the Capital Market and Mutual Funds industry. India's auto manufacturing and its ancillary sectors were badly hit during the initial stages of the pandemic when lockdown measures were adopted and the situation continued to remain subdued for many quarters. It is still uncertain whether this recession will have long-term structural ramifications for the global economy or will have only short-term financial and economic consequences. Additionally, the speed and the strength of the healing may be crucially dependent on the capability of the governments to accumulate and roll out the COVID-19 vaccines. In the context of the pandemic and its devastating impact on the Indian economy, an edited volume is proposed which intends to identify and analyse the footfalls of the pandemic on various sectors and industries in India. The proposed edited volume endeavours to understand the status, impact, problems, policies and prospects of the agricultural and agro-based industries, Banking and NBFCs, MSMEs, Social Sector, Capital Market and Mutual Funds during the pandemic and beyond. The proposed volume will contain research papers/articles covering the overall impact of the pandemic on various sectors, measures to be adopted to combat the situation and suggestions for overcoming the hurdles. For this, research papers and articles will be called from academicians, research scholars and industrialists having common research interests to share their insights relating to this area. It is anticipated that the volume will include twenty to twenty-five chapters. An editorial committee will be constituted with three chief editors and another external editor to review the articles following a double-blind review process to assure the quality of the papers according to the global standards and publisher's guidelines. The expected time to complete the entire review process is one month, and the publication process will start thereafter. The proposed volume is believed to be having significant socio-economic implications and is intended to cater to a large audience which includes academicians, researchers, students, corporates, policymakers, investors and general readers at large.
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Book chapters on the topic "External Korea (South)"

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Seo, Jeongmin. "South Korea–Gulf relations and the Iran factor." In External Powers and the Gulf Monarchies, 159–75. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2018. | Series: Rethinking Asia and international relations: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315110394-10.

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Woo, Jaejoon. "A Case for Korea as a Developed Market?" In Confronting South Korea's Next Crisis, 437–87. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864424.003.0011.

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High degrees of trade and financial openness make Korea vulnerable to external shocks that disrupt trade or capital flows. Accordingly, the country’s governments have sought to build a more resilient financial system while strengthening external buffers, and indeed, Korea’s sovereign credit ratings are on a par with her counterparts of the UK and France. Nonetheless, the Korean economy often behaves more like a typical emerging market (EM) than a developed market (DM), even though it has already attained DM status in many aspects. Partly motivated by this intriguing puzzle, Chapter 11 examines the evolving patterns of Korea’s trade and financial linkages and the recent experiences of different types of external shocks (e.g., global shocks such as the US Fed’s monetary policy cycle versus the China shocks seen in 2015–2016). It is revealed that Korea’s deepening economic tie with EMs via trade and finance is an important source of the EM-style volatility of the Korean won’s foreign exchange rate. It also discovers that the impact on the Korean economy of external shocks and their operational channels have tended to vary, depending on the type of shocks and their places of origin. In particular, it further explores the effects on Korea and likely spillover channels of shocks from China.
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Pacheco Pardo, Ramon. "Global South Korea 2008–22." In Shrimp to Whale, 173–216. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197659656.003.0007.

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Abstract South Korea weathered the Global Financial Crisis of 2008 better than most other developed countries. Likewise, it was one of the countries that weathered the COVID-19 pandemic better at the global level. This period of time between the two crises marked South Korea's emergence on the global stage. Successive South Korean presidents sought to make the country a more active actor in global affairs. Yet, it was innovation-driven economic growth, leading to South Korean firms competing at the technological frontier stage, and global boom of the Korean Wave that better symbolized the country's new-found status. The Korean Wave, in particular, changed external perceptions about South Korea and brought recognition of the country to new heights. At the domestic level, South Koreans continued to hold their leaders accountable and demand change. Most notably, in 2016–17 the Candlelight Revolution led to the impeachment of Park Geun-hye due to corrupt practices during her presidency. Meanwhile, South Korean women adopted the #MeToo movement to demand an end to patriarchal practices in the job market and in society more generally. More broadly, civic nationalism continued to grow in importance as a way for South Koreans to identify themselves.
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You, Jong‐Ii, and Ju‐Ho Lee. "South Korea: Economic and Social Consequences of Globalization." In External Liberalization, Economic Performance and Social Policy, 283–316. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195145465.003.0009.

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Woo, Jaejoon. "Korea Joins the League of Wealthy Nations." In Confronting South Korea's Next Crisis, 488–520. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864424.003.0012.

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Korea’s large current account (CA) surplus has recently emerged as a silver lining of a country struggling to revive growth, providing a unique opportunity to build a significant net foreign asset (NFA) position. A new analysis predicts years of CA surpluses of a structural nature ahead. Under a central scenario, the NFA is forecast to reach 62 percent of GDP by 2030. In retrospect, however, it is surprising that Korea’s NFA position turned positive (i.e. Korea became a net creditor nation) only in 2014, although the country has run a CA surplus every single year since 1998. By definition, the current account balance and change in NFA move closely to each other, subject to valuation effects. Where did all the current account surpluses go? Why would this time be different? To provide answers for these questions, Chapter 12 examines Korea’s balance of payment system, the external capital structure (i.e. composition of foreign assets and liabilities), and valuation effects. The prospect of a more solid NFA position has positive implications for the economy, while helping to address issues such as the need for durable funding sources for the aging society and the emerging market-style volatility of the economy during major external events.
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Aymes, Juan Felipe López, and Jae Sung Kwak. "Patron or partner? Asymmetry and complementarity in economic relations between South Korea and Latin America." In External Powers in Latin America, 167–85. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429351808-11.

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"Policy Response to External Shocks: Brazil Versus Taiwan and South Korea." In Latin America vs East Asia, edited by Ching-yuan Lin, 73–127. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315492254-3.

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Yun, Joseph Jin-Hyo, and Avvari V. Mohan. "The Relation Between Internal and External Open Innovation: A Study of Firms Located in the Goomi and Banwol-Sihwa Clusters in South Korea." In Perspectives on Supplier Innovation, 257–86. IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781848169005_0007.

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Strebkov, Dmitry, Alexey Nekrasov, and Anton Nekrasov. "Resonant Power System for Electric Transport." In Advances in Computer and Electrical Engineering, 342–69. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9179-5.ch014.

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Noncontact electric power supply with the use of cable line is an innovative trend in the development of electric transport. Work to develop such systems is carried out in the USA, South Korea, Germany, Israel, the Russian Federation. The VIESH researchers have developed and patented experimental models of a car and a tramway of the future without accumulators, which receive energy from external energy system through air gap from a single wire cable laid under the surface of road pavement. Noncontact systems for electric power supply to transport are developed at VIESH on the basis of resonant methods of electric power supply through a single-wire cable. This is a basic difference of the technology under consideration from similar ones. This technology makes it possible to realize at the new technological level the need for electric roads with minimal costs. Given that all the world's automakers are working on the production of an electric vehicle for mass production, the need for creating a motorway in the city and on inter-urban autobahns is even more topical.
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Ghosh, Raktim, and Bhaskar Bagchi. "COVID-19 Pandemic and Stock Markets: The Case of Select Asian Economies." In Sustainable Strategies for Economic Growth and Decent Work: New Normal, 179–87. Lincoln University College, Malaysia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31674/book.2022sseg.021.

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Introduction: The present study attempts to capture the dynamic connection between the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and stock indices of select Asian emerging economies like China, India, South Korea, Indonesia, Hong Kong, and Thailand, along with the volatility in the select stock markets occurring out of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: The study period begins on January 1, 2019 and continues up to April 6, 2022. The Bai-Perron test for the identification of structural breaks and the Wald test for the determination of short-run causality are used. Granger causality test measures the existence of uni-directional or bi-directional causality. To capture the volatility, Dummy-GARCH (1,1) along with EGARCH are used. Results: The results reveal the existence of causality over the short-run among the indices and COVID-19, as well as the existence of ARCH and GARCH effects in most of the stock indices, which may have occurred due to the external shock of the pandemic. Conclusion: The stock markets across the globe are experiencing depressed sentiment, which is replicated in the numerous crashes in the stock indices in all parts of the world.
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Conference papers on the topic "External Korea (South)"

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Mammadli, Rasim T., Alisa O. Khubaeva, Vladislav Y. Panchenkov, and Sergey I. Popov. "Relations between Russia and South Korea in the Arctic Region: Current Situation and Perspectives." In Proceedings of the External Challenges and Risks for Russia in the Context of the World Community’s Transition to Polycentrism: Economics, Finance and Business (ICEFB 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icefb-19.2019.21.

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Park, Yeun Chul, Ho-Kyung Kim, Chul-Hwan Yoo, and Suk-Hee Bong. "Estimation of Structural Safety for Internally Grouted Post-tensioned External Tendons." In IABSE Workshop, Helsinki 2017: Ignorance, Uncertainty, and Human Errors in Structural Engineering. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/helsinki.2017.086.

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In February, 2016, one of the external tendons in pre‐stressed concrete (PSC) box girder bridge in Seoul was failed due to corrosion after 17 years of service. The failure was found during the thawing season regular inspection. Since it was the first tendon failure occurred in South Korea, in‐depth investigation was performed and found that multiple tendons were corroded at many different locations. Seoul City had been preparing for the maintenance of PSC box girder bridges, but the draft maintenance guideline considered overall condition of the bridge and little attention was paid to the condition of tendons. The bridge was evaluated as per the draft guideline and rated as ‘Medium Risk’ although one external tendon was failed. The indices for the evaluation should be properly weighted to prevent failure of tendons.
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Kim, Hyun-Joong, Young Suk Park, Chul Young Kim, and Seung Hee Kwon. "Structural tests on 43- and 45-year-old pre-stressed concrete bridge for reinforcement effect of PSC-I girders reinforced by external strand tendons." In IABSE Congress, Christchurch 2021: Resilient technologies for sustainable infrastructure. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/christchurch.2021.0180.

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<p>In this study, the flexural behavior of pre-stressed concrete-I (PSC-I) girders was investigated to intuitively and more accurately evaluate the structural behavior and load-carrying capacity increase of PSC-I girder bridges more than 40 years old and reinforced by the external pre-stressing (PS) tendon reinforcement method. Many bridges in South Korea, which were constructed after the 1960s, exhibit a significantly low load-carrying capacity due to aging and the application of loads that are different from originally designed loads. To improve the load-carrying capacity and working load of these old bridges, reinforcement methods that use external PS tendons have been conventionally used. However, the evaluation of the load-carrying capacity of a bridge and the calculation of the number of external tendons for reinforcement are performed through the vehicle load test within the working load range of the bridge. Most of the studies conducted so far have been limited to the calculation of the loss of the members required for the reinforcement of the bridge or their structural behavior. In this study, a flexural failure verification experiment was performed on PSC-I girder bridges that were constructed based on the standard design of the 1960s to verify the reinforcement effect of PS tendons. The target of the experiment was the girders of PSC-I girder bridges designed more than 40 years ago based on the working loads of DB-18 and DB- 24.</p>
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Reports on the topic "External Korea (South)"

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Collins, Susan, and Won Am Park. External Debt and Macroeconomic Performance in South Korea. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2596.

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Chandrasekhar, C. P. The Long Search for Stability: Financial Cooperation to Address Global Risks in the East Asian Region. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp153.

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Forced by the 1997 Southeast Asian crisis to recognize the external vulnerabilities that openness to volatile capital flows result in and upset over the post-crisis policy responses imposed by the IMF, countries in the sub-region saw the need for a regional financial safety net that can pre-empt or mitigate future crises. At the outset, the aim of the initiative, then led by Japan, was to create a facility or design a mechanism that was independent of the United States and the IMF, since the former was less concerned with vulnerabilities in Asia than it was in Latin America and that the latter’s recommendations proved damaging for countries in the region. But US opposition and inherited geopolitical tensions in the region blocked Japan’s initial proposal to establish an Asian Monetary Fund, a kind of regional IMF. As an alternative, the ASEAN+3 grouping (ASEAN members plus China, Japan and South Korea) opted for more flexible arrangements, at the core of which was a network of multilateral and bilateral central bank swap agreements. While central bank swap agreements have played a role in crisis management, the effort to make them the central instruments of a cooperatively established regional safety net, the Chiang Mai Initiative, failed. During the crises of 2008 and 2020 countries covered by the Initiative chose not to rely on the facility, preferring to turn to multilateral institutions such as the ADB, World Bank and IMF or enter into bilateral agreements within and outside the region for assistance. The fundamental problem was that because of an effort to appease the US and the IMF and the use of the IMF as a foil against the dominance of a regional power like Japan, the regional arrangement was not a real alternative to traditional sources of balance of payments support. In particular, access to significant financial assistance under the arrangement required a country to be supported first by an IMF program and be subject to the IMF’s conditions and surveillance. The failure of the multilateral effort meant that a specifically Asian safety net independent of the US and the IMF had to be one constructed by a regional power involving support for a network of bilateral agreements. Japan was the first regional power to seek to build such a network through it post-1997 Miyazawa Initiative. But its own complex relationship with the US meant that its intervention could not be sustained, more so because of the crisis that engulfed Japan in 1990. But the prospect of regional independence in crisis resolution has revived with the rise of China as a regional and global power. This time both economics and China’s independence from the US seem to improve prospects of successful regional cooperation to address financial vulnerability. A history of tensions between China and its neighbours and the fear of Chinese dominance may yet lead to one more failure. But, as of now, the Belt and Road Initiative, China’s support for a large number of bilateral swap arrangements and its participation in the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership seem to suggest that Asian countries may finally come into their own.
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