Relevant bibliographies by topics / External Indonesia

Academic literature on the topic 'External Indonesia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "External Indonesia"

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Pradhana, Remo Adhy. "Rokok dalam Aspek Sosial-Agama Masyarakat Indonesia." SHAHIH: Journal of Islamicate Multidisciplinary 4, no. 2 (December 28, 2019): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/shahih.v4i2.1879.

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Cigarette has been popular among Indonesian since 8th AD. Along with the times, people are starting to realize the dangers of smoking. Interestingly in Indonesia, one of the companies with the highest valuation on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, PT HM Sampoerna, which is a market leader in the Indonesian cigarette industry with a market share of 35%. This shows that the cigarette industry is still one of the excellent industries in Indonesia. This paper will examine how the impact of external factors represented by economic, demographic, socio-cultural, religious, and governance aspects influences the cigarette industry. This study will provide an overview of external factors that provide opportunities and threats to an industry, especially the cigarette industry. The conclusions of this study will provide a form of attitude towards the influence of external conditions for the cigarette industry so that cigarette manufacturers can formulate strategic steps to maximize the opportunities created by related external aspects.
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Lubis, Firsty. "Analisis Pengaruh External Shock Terhadap Pengeluaran Konsumsi Masyarakat Indonesia." Jurnal REP (Riset Ekonomi Pembangunan) 5, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31002/rep.v5i1.2014.

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Household consumption is differentiated by food and non-food consumption regardless of origin and limited to household expenditures, excluding consumption expenditures for business purposes or provided to other parties. The high risk of external shock experienced by the society in Indonesia were not supported by sufficient systems insurance and social security. This research employed panel data regression. The data used in the study is from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) data covering: IFLS 4 (2007) dan IFLS 5 (2014) which sample covers 13 provinces in Indonesia (all provinces in Java, Bali, NTB, South Sulawesi, South Kalimantan, South Sumatera, Lampung, West Sumatera and North Sumatera). This study aims to examine the effects of external shock covering including natural disasters and crop loss to the consumption level of Indonesian society. The results showed that there empirical evidence of the impact of natural disasters on food consumption expenditure in Indonesia, the empirical evidence is found significantly influenced the variables of crop loss on food household expenditure in Indonesia
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Kusumasari, Dita. "External debt of Indonesia: From debt-led growth to growth-led debt?" Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan 18, no. 1 (July 12, 2020): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29259/jep.v18i1.10801.

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Indonesia has received external debt as an external source of finance to fill in the investment-saving gap in achieving economic growth to improve social welfare. Despite Indonesian economy is able to recover to some extent, based on Bank Indonesia (2018), Indonesia’s external debt at the end of Q2/2018 still amounted to USD 355,7 billion; consisting of government and central bank external debt of USD 179.7 billion, as well as private sector (including state-owned enterprises) external debt of USD 176.0 billion. Therefore, this study aims to examine the trend and impact of external debt on economic growth in the context of Indonesia’s economy. If external debt is found to lead to debt trap, or already in the condition of growth-led debt, its benefits for economic development should be reviewed properly and government policies regarding external debt need to be redesigned. This study is a qualitative research in the form of case study of External Debt and its critical impact in Indonesia. Through observation, data comparison and literature study, it is found that external debt of Indonesia has been dominated by US Dollar and Japanese Yen, which assumed to cause surge in debt repayment.
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Novita, Wellia, Puspita Rama Nopiana, and Yovy Annisa Putri. "Analysis of External Factors Affecting Audit Quality in Indonesia." International Journal of Islamic Business and Management Review 2, no. 1 (June 27, 2022): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.54099/ijibmr.v2i1.143.

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This study aims to analyze the effect of audit tenure, auditor reputation and KAP rotation on audit quality, either partially or simultaneously in Indonesian companies, namely manufacturing the basic and chemical industrial sectors listed on the IDX for the 2015-2019 period. The method used is a quantitative method, where the population in the study is to take a total of Indonesian companies, especially manufacturing companies in the basic and chemical industrial sector in Indonesia from the 2015-2019 period, which is as many as 76 companies. Samples taken from the population are those that meet the predetermined criteria, so that only 43 companies are used as samples for this study. The data used for this study were 215 (43 companies x 5 years of financial reporting period). The results of the study explain a) Audit tenure has no significant effect on audit quality, where the audit engagement period is not a problem for quality audits, b) auditor reputation does not significantly affect audit quality in Indonesian companies. This proves that the size of the KAP does not affect the quality of the audit provided, so that the public accounting profession maintains public trust, c) KAP rotation has a significant influence on audit quality in Indonesian companies so that auditors must pay attention to KAP rotation which is regulated by regulations, d) audit tenure, auditor reputation and KAP rotation together have no significant effect on audit quality in Indonesian companies. This is generally regulated by regulations, so it is only necessary to supervise the established procedures so that audit quality can be presented properly and fairly.
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Kim, Jungho, and Alexia Prskawetz. "External Shocks, Household Consumption and Fertility in Indonesia." Institut für Demographie - VID 1 (2021): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/0x003d0a73.

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Kim, Jungho, and Alexia Prskawetz. "External Shocks, Household Consumption and Fertility in Indonesia." Population Research and Policy Review 29, no. 4 (July 31, 2009): 503–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11113-009-9157-2.

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Nurmalindah, Nurmalindah, and Sugiharso Safuan. "Analisis Keseimbangan Eksternal Indonesia: Pendekatan Intertemporal Model of Current Account." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia 13, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 196–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.21002/jepi.v13i2.192.

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Current account balance has an important role of measuring the direction and the amount of international loan. This study analyzes Indonesian external balance due to its solvency condition of external debt and sustainability of current account balance during 1970{2007 by intertemporal-model approach of current account. The results of cointegration test and bivariate autoregressive (VAR) indicate that solvency condition holds, but not for the sustainability condition of current account balance. It means that Indonesia has capability to payback its external debt.AbstrakDalam hubungannya dengan utang luar negeri, transaksi berjalan mempunyai peranan penting karena mengukur arah dan besarnya pinjaman internasional. Tulisan ini menganalisis mengenai keseimbangan eksternal Indonesia dengan melihat pada solvency condition atas utang luar negeri dan sustainabilitas neraca transaksi berjalan dengan pendekatan intertemporal model of current account. Data yang digunakan adalah time series tahunan periode 1970--2007. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa solvency condition Indonesia terpenuhi, artinya Indonesia berada dalam kemampuan membayar kembali utangnya, namun kondisi sustainabilitas neraca transaksi berjalan tidak tercapai.
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Kartika, Allegra Putri, and Satya Aditya Wibowo. "Proposed marketing strategy for an overseas education consultant in Indonesia." Fair Value: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Keuangan 4, no. 10 (May 25, 2022): 4333–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32670/fairvalue.v4i10.1656.

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A well-built marketing strategy enables Yes Study Indonesia to establish and sustain its competitive advantage, as well as to compete in fierce competition among other overseas educational consultants in Indonesia. This article aims to analyze the external environment and the internal environment of the business. SWOT analysis was then used to summarize the internal and external analysis and define the company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The quantitative research method was conducted with the 163 questionnaire respondents to be analyzed to understand the point of view of potential customers toward studying abroad and the use of overseas educational agencies. Meanwhile, in-depth interviews with the management, staff, past students, and parents were conducted as a qualitative research methodology. There are several external and internal factors that can impact how Yes Study Indonesia can plan a suitable marketing strategy. Starting with the external factors, government support in exposing more opportunities for Indonesian students to study abroad and the trend of distance learning due to the pandemic have presented themselves as opportunities for Yes Study Indonesia. Meanwhile, the easiness of legal requirements and economic downturn possess as challenges for the company.
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Manurung, Hendra. "Enhancing Bilateral Cooperation: Indonesia-Russia Defense Relations." Journal of Advance in Social Sciences and Policy 1, no. 1 (May 12, 2021): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jassp.v1i1.28.

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This research aims to elaborate further on Indonesia and Russia bilateral cooperation by utilizing defense relations in the Southeast Asia region. Indonesia’s defense cooperation with Russia is a strategy of sustaining foreign and defense policy instruments abroad to achieve interests and protect national sovereignty. This study uses a descriptive analysis of qualitative approach, and done through literature-based relating to the problems that arise. Additionally, journals, related documents, and websources are also used as supporting data. It employs neorealism approach in understanding bilateral defense relations. Thus, by strengthening Indonesian defense diplomacy, how Indonesia national interests is able to pursue closer defense cooperation with Russia, and how this collaborationcontributes to Indonesian defense diplomacy regionally in encountering external threat. However, through the ASEAN Defense Ministerial Meeting and the ASEAN Regional Forum, Indonesia’s defense diplomacy utilized strategy which aim to generating mutual confidence, and reducing potential threats that can arise from the external threat. Indonesia, so far, has utilized its defense diplomacy by intensifying defense cooperation with Russia to foster a sense of mutual trust and enhancement effort in national defense capabilities to anticipate any potential external security threats. Indonesia’s effort to enhance its regional power reputation for implementing foreign and defense policy at the international level, particularly at upgrading its national defense system. This research revealed that by strengthening economic cooperation and defense diplomacy, Indonesia would secure its defense cooperation with Russia and vice versa. As the most populous Muslim nation, Indonesia, 3rd world largest democraciesand significant regional power, intentionally has a strategic interest in maintaining peace and stability.
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Endri, Endri, Asti Marlina, and Hurriyaturrohman. "Impact of internal and external factors on the net interest margin of banks in Indonesia." Banks and Bank Systems 15, no. 4 (December 10, 2020): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(4).2020.09.

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This study aims to assess the impact of bank-specific factors and macroeconomic indicators on the net interest margin (NIM) of commercial banks in Indonesia. Data from Indonesian commercial banks are used. Data are collected from the banks’ annual reports and the Financial Services Authority (OJK) for the period 2008 to 2018. A panel data regression model is used to estimate the effect of bank-specific and macroeconomic factors. The results prove that the variables of Non-Performing Loans (NPL), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Return on Assets (ROA), Interest Rate (SBI), and Exchange Rate (FOREX) affect NIM. The exchange rate variable has a predominant effect, while the NPL factor has a less strong influence on NIM. The empirical evidence from this research is important for commercial banks in Indonesia to improve operational efficiency through NIM performance. Internal and external factors of a bank should be subject of attention of bank managers.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "External Indonesia"

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Hadori, Yunus Richard J. "External financial reporting in Indonesia and its implications for accounting development." Thesis, University of Hull, 1992. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5347.

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The objective of this research is to explore the area of financial accounting, international accounting, and accounting technology transfer, with emphasis on accounting for developing countries, specifically Indonesia. Confining itself to external financial reporting, the study explores the influence of environmental aspects on accounting standards and practices, institutionally and technically. Analysis of the role and needs of preparers, users, auditors and government agencies, and of the interaction between institutional and technical aspects, conducted to ascertain their implications for accounting development in Indonesia. The empirical research was conducted using hypotheses as catalysts, to test the characteristics, general opinions and attitudes of the interested parties toward accounting standards and practices, accounting education and development of the accounting profession. The findings of the research suggest that accounting technology cannot be successfully transferred from a developed to a developing country without considering the influence of environment, particularly the role of government. Indonesia, heavily influenced by the US accounting, needs to improve its accounting system in order to make it appropriate for its own environment. Many deficiencies were found in the areas of accounting theory, accounting standards and practice, accounting rules and regulations, accounting education, professional accounting and the role of government. In order to improve the existing conditions, it must be recognised that those aspects are closely related, and that the only way to develop the role of accounting is to adopt an integrated approach. The study provides a series of recommendations, based upon the findings of the empirical research, which should provide a useful starting point towards such an approach.
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Garcia, Gonzalez Erika A. "The Onset of Genocide/Politicide: Considering External Variables." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1439295567.

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Ishak, Asmai. "Effects of marketing strategy on performance: a study of Indonesian organizations." Thesis, Curtin University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1872.

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This research provides empirical evidence on the implementation of the strategic marketing planning in the context of Indonesia, a newly industrialized country. Drawing from a contingency theory, the research posits that the credibility of marketing strategy depends on the external business environments and its formulation process. The credibility of marketing strategy and the strategy formulation process, in turn, determine the effectiveness of the implementation of the strategy in achieving the desired performance. The causal relationships amongst these variables were then analyzed by structural equation model using LISREL 8.30 program. The primary data for this study were collected through structured interviews with the Marketing Managers of 219 Indonesian companies. The results of the study not only strengthen the notion of the influence of external business environments on the actions of organizations, such as the credibility of marketing strategy, but also confirm the belief of the importance of an innovative culture in implementing strategic marketing planning. The study also identifies that marketing managers play a pivotal role in the formulation and implementation of the strategy. Within the scope of the strategy formulation, marketing managers as boundary spanners of their companies provide the decision makers with current and up to date strategic issues, which in turn enhance the credibility of the formulated strategy. On the other hand, within the strategy implementation, the managers with their autonomy conduct evaluation and control of the marketing strategy, and adjust the strategy to any significant environmental changes to achieve the desired performance.These findings not only support the view that it is inappropriate to separate the strategy formulation from its implementation aspects, but also corroborate the importance of the fit between marketing strategy and its external and internal environments to gain the desired performance. Finally, the use of Indonesian companies as the sample of this study and the consistencies of most of the results of the study with the existing findings reveal that the results are applicable in both industrialized and newly industrialized countries.
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Ishak, Asmai. "Effects of marketing strategy on performance : a study of Indonesian organizations /." Curtin University of Technology, School of Marketing, 2002. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=13882.

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This research provides empirical evidence on the implementation of the strategic marketing planning in the context of Indonesia, a newly industrialized country. Drawing from a contingency theory, the research posits that the credibility of marketing strategy depends on the external business environments and its formulation process. The credibility of marketing strategy and the strategy formulation process, in turn, determine the effectiveness of the implementation of the strategy in achieving the desired performance. The causal relationships amongst these variables were then analyzed by structural equation model using LISREL 8.30 program. The primary data for this study were collected through structured interviews with the Marketing Managers of 219 Indonesian companies. The results of the study not only strengthen the notion of the influence of external business environments on the actions of organizations, such as the credibility of marketing strategy, but also confirm the belief of the importance of an innovative culture in implementing strategic marketing planning. The study also identifies that marketing managers play a pivotal role in the formulation and implementation of the strategy. Within the scope of the strategy formulation, marketing managers as boundary spanners of their companies provide the decision makers with current and up to date strategic issues, which in turn enhance the credibility of the formulated strategy. On the other hand, within the strategy implementation, the managers with their autonomy conduct evaluation and control of the marketing strategy, and adjust the strategy to any significant environmental changes to achieve the desired performance.
These findings not only support the view that it is inappropriate to separate the strategy formulation from its implementation aspects, but also corroborate the importance of the fit between marketing strategy and its external and internal environments to gain the desired performance. Finally, the use of Indonesian companies as the sample of this study and the consistencies of most of the results of the study with the existing findings reveal that the results are applicable in both industrialized and newly industrialized countries.
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Gripenberg, Sophie, and Jonatan Björkman. "The role of poor rural families economic situation in the decision-making process concerning migration : A field study conducted in Kebumen Regency, Java, Indonesia." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi och statistik (NS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-37154.

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The main objective of this bachelor thesis is to analyse the dynamic and complex decision-making process that households with temporary overseas migrating family members do before migrating. The aim of this thesis is to understand why this phenomenon occurs in less developed areas, though the background of the thesis is trying to address the need of positive relationship between migration and development. Based on the theorectical benchmark of neoclassical microeconomic theory and new economics of labour migration theory certain factors were identified that could influence the decision to migrate. By using a mixed method with qualitative semi-structed face-to-face interviews combined with a survey of nine question relating to specific factors this study was able to create an understanding of the reality of migrant households, though a micro field study was conducted in Kebumen regency in Indonesia. The findings clearly shows that temporary overseas migration from less developed areas is a household decision that is influenced by local gender aspects and addressed by new well-functioning established markets for overseas work. Our findings also suggests that temporary migration is a way for the family to spread their risks, related to income and farming activites, and to achive further development, where other markets and institutions do not meet their needs. Policies regarding these gender aspects and the need of institutions that could improve the situation are recommended though remittances in that case might have a more long-term sustainable impact on the households.
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Pitt, Rômulo Barizon. "Indonésia : o desafio da liderança regional." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/103903.

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Este trabalho possui como tema a política externa da Indonésia, constituindo-se como um estudo de caso. A dissertação está estruturada em três capítulos. O primeiro procura identificar os elementos estruturais que condicionam a inserção internacional do país. O segundo capítulo aborda a situação regional do sudeste asiático, avaliando a influência da ascensão chinesa e a atuação de demais potências extrarregionais: Estados Unidos, Japão, Coreia do Sul, Austrália, Índia e Rússia. O terceiro capítulo tem por objetivo analisar a formulação da política externa indonésia, levando em consideração os pontos descritos nos capítulos anteriores. Metodologicamente, partiu-se de uma livre operacionalização do método das três imagens de Kenneth Waltz (o Homem, o Estado e a Guerra). Por fim, conclui-se que o aumento do número de potências e da anarquia oferece paradoxalmente uma janela de oportunidade para uma atuação mais autônoma da Indonésia no Sistema Internacional.
This work has as its theme the foreign policy of Indonesia, constituting itself as a case study. The dissertation is divided into three chapters. The first seeks to identify the structural elements that affect the international integration of the country. The second chapter discusses the regional situation in Southeast Asia, assessing the influence of China's rise and the action of other extra-regional powers: the United States, Japan, South Korea, Australia, India and Russia. The third chapter aims to analyze the formulation of Indonesian foreign policy, taking into account the points described in the previous chapters. Methodologically, it uses a free adaptation of the three images method of Kenneth Waltz (Man, State and War). Finally, it is concluded that the increasing number of powers and anarchy, paradoxically offers a window of opportunity for a more independent role of Indonesia in the International System.
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Haryanto, Agus. "The effects of budget allocation on external borrowing the case of Indonesia /." 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/27928698.html.

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Siahaan, Sabda Dian Nurani, and Sabda Dian Nurani Siahaan. "The Impact of External and Internal Factors on Bank Credit in Indonesia." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/tmdwts.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
管理國際學生碩士專班 (IMBA)
106
This study aimed to examine the impact of external and internal factors of commercial bank’s credit in Indonesia. The study sample consisted of twelve Indonesian commercial banks during the period 2005-2016. The study used the bank credit as the dependent variable, and six independent variables divided into two headings that are external and internal factors. The external factors are Inflation (INF), Interest Rate (IR), and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) while the internal factors are Deposit (DEP), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR). The results showed that the Inflation (INF) has a negative impact but not significant on the ratio of bank credit facilities, while found that the Interest Rate (IR), and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Deposit (DEP), and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) have a positive and significant impact on the ratio of bank credit facilities granted by commercial banks in Indonesia. The result also showed that Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) has a positive impact but not significant on the ratio of bank credit facilities granted by commercial banks in Indonesia. This study recommends for the government to initiates measures that will control the Inflation rate (INF) as it has the negative impact to the bank credit in Indonesia. This study also recommends the government to control the real Interest rate (IR) in Indonesia as there is an evidence to suggest that high interest rate will lead to better performance of bank credit in Indonesia. The study further recommends for the governments to initiate policies to increase the amount of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Indonesia since it is positively correlated with bank credit distribution. Finally, the study also recommended Indonesian commercial banks to pay more attention to increase the Deposit (DEP), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) as they have the positive impact to the bank credit in Indonesia.
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Simanjuntak, Jerry Marmen. "The role of organizational and external factors on bank efficiency : a panel data study of Indonesian banks, 1993-2008." Phd thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/149649.

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The main objectives of this study are to analyse the efficiency of Indonesian banks and examine the role of organizational and external factors on efficiency. The study was undertaken using a balanced panel data of 100 banks from 1993 to 2008. Four models of efficiency were specified based on two economic functions (cost and alternative profit) and two functional forms (the Translog and the Fourier-Flexible). The estimation was undertaken using a parametric approach, - stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) - under time-varying and truncated normal distribution conditions of the inefficiency components. Three outputs (aggregate loans, other earning assets and net off-balance-sheet incomes) and four prices of inputs (labour, funds, risk allowances and fixed assets) were specified as the main variables of the deterministic part of the SFA model. Six organization-specific (age, asset size, government ownership, foreign ownership, top management succession, involvement in foreign exchange businesses) and five external (market concentration, GDP per capita, inflation rate, exchange rate, interest/discount rate) factors are hypothesized to affect bank inefficiency and are incorporated in the stochastic part of the model. The results indicate bank age, succession, competition, GDP and interest rate positively affect efficiency, while government and foreign ownership, involvement in foreign exchange activities, bank size, inflation and exchange rate negatively affect efficiency. Comparing efficiency scores across periods indicates that efficiency was significantly lower during the crisis (1998-1999) period compared to the pre-crisis (1993-1997) and post-crisis (2000-2008) periods, whereas a comparison of bank types indicates that government-owned banks were significantly less efficient than private banks. Among private banks, there was no significant difference in inefficiency between foreign and domestic private banks. This research suggests that the Indonesian banking industry on the whole became more efficient over time, especially during the post crisis period. Keywords: Bank efficiency, Indonesia, financial crisis, stochastic frontier analysis. -- provided by Candidate.
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Nip, Ivon Kristin, and 聶秀清. "A Case Study of Disruptive Innovation: Key External Environments of Transportation Network Company in Indonesia." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ys373t.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
管理學院MBA
106
Disruptive innovation has primarily created new technology to disrupt old business model. Go-Jek as one of the disruptive innovation the first unicorn transportation company in Indonesia. However, Go-Jek has disrupted the existence of motorcycle taxi (ojek) and other transportation companies by creating system on the app-based smartphone. This thesis is to identify the key external environment in Go-Jek as a disruptive innovation in Transportation Network Companies (TNC). Therefore, by using a qualitative case study approach, this research aims to get more comprehensive understanding about the external environment in Politic, Economic, Social, Technology, Legal, and Environment (PESTLE) analysis for Go-Jek company and analyze to give the strategic management of external insight. The research uses an explorative research approach to clarify an understanding of the problems in Go-Jek Company in terms of disruptive innovations on how the company is reviewing the external environment. In the short term, it would give negative impact to the companies. Go- Jek Company can keep its services to providing excellent service at lower cost and socialize being the most significant impact on the nations and bring the positive impacts to the society in the long-term.
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Books on the topic "External Indonesia"

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Arief, Sritua. IMF/Bank Dunia dan Indonesia. Pabelan, Surakarta: Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 2001.

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Supriyanto. Utang luar negeri Indonesia: Argumen, relevansi, dan implikasinya bagi pembangunan. Jakarta: Djambatan, 1999.

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Azis, Iwan J. Econometric model for simulating alternative external trade in Indonesia. Depok, West Java, Indonesia: Ministry of Education and Culture, Republic of Indonesia, Inter-University Center-Economics, University of Indonesia, 1990.

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Djamin, Zulkarnain. Masalah utang luar negeri bagi negara-negara berkembang dan bagaimana Indonesia mengatasinya. Jakarta, Indonesia: Lembaga Penerbit, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Indonesia, 1996.

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Hutapea, Reinhard. Implikasi utang luar negeri bagi pembangunan nasional: Pemutihan bagi Indonesia. Jakarta]: Lembaga Kajian dan Gerakan Kebangsaan, 2012.

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(Firm), Montgomery Watson Indonesia. 1999 external environmental audit: Excluding social, cultural, and economic impacts : PT Freeport Indonesia Operations, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Jakarta, Indonesia: Montgomery Watson Indonesia, 1999.

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Kroner, Ken. Improving the currency composition of external debt: Applications to Indonesia and Turkey. Washington, DC: International Economics Dept., World Bank, 1989.

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(Firm), Montgomery Watson Indonesia. 1999 external environmental audit PT Freeport Indonesia operations, Irian Jaya Indonesia: Excutive summary = 1999 audit lingkungan eksternal operasi PT. Freeport Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Indonesia : ringkasan eksekutif. Jakarta, Indonesia: Montgomery Watson Indonesia, 1999.

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Ahmad, Ismet. Lanskap masalah pembangunan Indonesia: Catatan dari Senayan. Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan: Program Magister Sains Administrasi Pembangunan, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, 2011.

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External intervention and the politics of state formation: China, Indonesia, and Thailand, 1893-1952. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "External Indonesia"

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Azis, Iwan J. "Econometric Model for Simulation of Alternative External Trade Scenarios in Indonesia." In Econometric Models of Asian-Pacific Countries, 115–44. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68258-5_5.

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Rahmi and A. H. Fuad. "Evaluating External Public Space’s Performance in the Cisadane Riverfront, Tangerang, Indonesia." In Intelligent Computing and Innovation on Data Science, 551–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3284-9_63.

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Tharom, Tabratas, and Hendro Sasongko Hadi. "Identifying Geothermal Power Plant Institutional Barrier and External Factors in Indonesia." In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference and Exhibition on Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials, 51–60. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4481-1_6.

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Rahmi and A. H. Fuad. "Evaluating External Public Space’s Performance in the Cisadane Riverfront, Tangerang, Indonesia." In Intelligent Computing and Innovation on Data Science, 551–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3284-9_60.

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Kaming, Peter F., Zofar S. C. Sihotang, Ferianto Rahajo, and Necta P. Pramesti. "Predicting Service Life of External Wall Painting for the School Buildings in Indonesia." In Critical Thinking in the Sustainable Rehabilitation and Risk Management of the Built Environment, 283–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61118-7_25.

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Diani, Janice, and Zuherman Rustam. "Panel data regression and support vector regression for Indonesian private external debt analysis." In Business Innovation and Development in Emerging Economies, 366–72. Leiden, The Netherlands : CRC Press/Balkema, [2019]: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429433382-35.

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Nurdin, Nurdin, Rosemary Stockdale, and Helana Scheepers. "The Influence of External Institutional Pressures on Local E-Government Adoption and Implementation: A Coercive Perspective within an Indonesian Local E-Government Context." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 13–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33489-4_2.

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Southgate, Laura. "The Indonesian Invasion of East Timor." In ASEAN Resistance to Sovereignty Violation, 25–70. Policy Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529202205.003.0002.

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This chapter analyses the Indonesian invasion of East Timor in 1975, providing evidence to show how the Cold War regional environment created a convergence of interests between Indonesia, the ASEAN vanguard state, the United States and Australia with regards to the newly decolonized territory of East Timor. With external and regional power backing, Indonesia was able to invade East Timor without any repercussions from the international community, despite considerable attempts by the United Nations to intervene in Indonesia’s internal affairs to allow the East Timorese an act of self-determination. Indonesian interest convergence with these external powers meant that it was able to resist sovereignty violation at this time.
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Sabaruddin, Sulthon Sjahril. "Strengthening Indonesia-Latin America economic relations." In External Powers in Latin America, 203–18. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429351808-13.

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Southgate, Laura. "The East Timor Humanitarian Crisis." In ASEAN Resistance to Sovereignty Violation, 117–62. Policy Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529202205.003.0004.

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This chapter analyses the East Timor humanitarian crisis of 1999. It shows how interest divergence between Indonesia, the United States, and Australia following the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis, led to external powers applying pressure on Indonesia, to elicit regime change in East Timor. In a weakened state, Indonesia was coerced into accepting an international peacekeeping force in East Timor, despite asserting that such a force would constitute an unacceptable breach of its state sovereignty. Critically, ASEAN institutional cohesion alone was not sufficient to prevent Indonesian sovereignty violation at this time.
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Conference papers on the topic "External Indonesia"

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Devi, Selvia Inca, Fitrawaty, and Eko Wahyu Nugrahadi. "Analysis of Factors Affecting Indonesia’ External Debt." In Unimed International Conference on Economics Education and Social Science. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009505905450553.

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Sari, Yollit Permata, Isra Yeni, Doni Satria, Joan Marta, Melti Roza Adry, Dewi Zaini Putri, and Urmatul Uska Akbar. "The Interaction Between External Factor and Financial Cycle in Indonesia." In Sixth Padang International Conference On Economics Education, Economics, Business and Management, Accounting and Entrepreneurship (PICEEBA 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210616.022.

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Dias, Cana Antyanta, and B. Basuki. "Study of The Determinants Existence of External Assurance on Sustainability Reports in Indonesia." In Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics Symposium 2018 on Special Session for Indonesian Study. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007016804540460.

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Asliyana, Murni, and Eni Setyowati. "External and Internal Determinants Exports of Crude Palm Oil in Indonesia from 1990-2020." In International Conference on Economics and Business Studies (ICOEBS 2022). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220602.005.

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Dewiani, Dewiani, Armin Lawi, Muhammad Sarro, and Firman Aziz. "Classification of Firm External Audit Using Ensemble Support Vector Machine Method." In 1st International Conference on Science and Technology, ICOST 2019, 2-3 May, Makassar, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.2-5-2019.2284605.

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Rahmawati, Teti, Enung Nurhayati, Lia Martika, Herma Wiharno, and Oktaviani Puspasari. "An Empirical Investigation of Internal and External Factors Associated with Audit Report Lag in Indonesia." In Proceedings of the 1st Universitas Kuningan International Conference on Social Science, Environment and Technology, UNiSET 2020, 12 December 2020, Kuningan, West Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.12-12-2020.2305126.

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Inderawati, Maria, PoTsang Huang, and Ronald Sukwadi. "External Quality Assurance Model in HEIs: 3-D ACS Framework." In Proceedings of The 6th Asia-Pacific Education And Science Conference, AECon 2020, 19-20 December 2020, Purwokerto, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.19-12-2020.2309250.

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Dwiputrianti, Septiana, and Widya Nugraha. "External Auditing in Improving Straightforwardness and Responsibility for The Sustainable Development Goals." In Proceedings of the Third International Conference Administration Science, ICAS 2021, September 15 2021, Bandung, Indonesia. EAI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.15-9-2021.2315251.

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Choirinnida, Irma Tsuraya, and Liyu Adhi Kasari Sulung. "The Role of External Supports on Performance of Reward Crowdfunding Projects in BRICS Countries." In Asia-Pacific Research in Social Sciences and Humanities Universitas Indonesia Conference (APRISH 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210531.072.

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Prawiradiredja, Sanhari, Iwan Prasetyo, and R. Jusnita. "Internal and External Rehabilitation Process of East Java Drugs Therapy Houses in Therapeutic Communication for Drugs Addicts." In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Indonesian Social and Political Enquiries, ICISPE 2019, 21-22 October 2019, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.21-10-2019.2294431.

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Reports on the topic "External Indonesia"

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Henkin, Samuel. Dynamic Dimensions of Radicalization and Violent Extremism in Sabah, Malaysia. RESOLVE Network, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/pn2021.25.sea.

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Malaysia offers a unique lens to evaluate the changing dynamics of radicalization and extremism in Southeast Asia, as the threat of both home-grown and external extremism grows. The country’s geographic location, bordering multiple active centers of violent extremism (the southern Philippines, southern Thailand, and Indonesia), makes it particularly vulnerable to further threats from violent extremism and terrorism, as regional and local violent extremist organizations (VEOs) exploit Malaysian geohistorical contexts and growing grievances related to social and political instability. Threats and risks of violent extremism are especially pronounced and manifest with severe consequences in the Malaysian state of Sabah. This policy note advances a granular review of the dynamics underlying radicalization risk in Sabah, Malaysia, in order to extrapolate an analysis of emerging areas of threat and risk of violent extremism facing Southeast Asia. It offers an opportunity to better understand current and future threats and risks of violent extremism facing Southeast Asia and identifies important trends and recommendations for policymakers and practitioners in mitigating the spread of violent extremism and radicalization to violence in Sabah. The policy note also considers how building local preventing and countering violent extremism (P/CVE) capacity can mitigate Malaysia’s role as a staging area, transit hub, and conduit for the transportation of weapons, operatives, finances, and supporters to other regional and global terrorist organizations.
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Rarasati, Niken, and Rezanti Putri Pramana. Giving Schools and Teachers Autonomy in Teacher Professional Development Under a Medium-Capability Education System. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2023/050.

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A mature teacher who continuously seeks improvement should be recognised as a professional who has autonomy in conducting their job and has the autonomy to engage in a professional community of practice (Hyslop-Margison and Sears, 2010). In other words, teachers’ engagement in professional development activities should be driven by their own determination rather than extrinsic sources of motivation. In this context, teachers’ self-determination can be defined as a feeling of connectedness with their own aspirations or personal values, confidence in their ability to master new skills, and a sense of autonomy in planning their own professional development path (Stupnisky et al., 2018; Eyal and Roth, 2011; Ryan and Deci, 2000). Previous studies have shown the advantages of providing teachers with autonomy to determine personal and professional improvement. Bergmark (2020) found that giving teachers the opportunity to identify areas of improvement based on teaching experience expanded the ways they think and understand themselves as teachers and how they can improve their teaching. Teachers who plan their own improvement showed a higher level of curiosity in learning and trying out new things. Bergmark (2020) also shows that a continuous cycle of reflection and teaching improvement allows teachers to recognise that the perfect lesson does not exist. Hence, continuous reflection and improvement are needed to shape the lesson to meet various classroom contexts. Moreover, Cheon et al. (2018) found that increased teacher autonomy led to greater teaching efficacy and a greater tendency to adopt intrinsic (relative to extrinsic) instructional goals. In developed countries, teacher autonomy is present and has become part of teachers’ professional life and schools’ development plans. In Finland, for example, the government is responsible for providing resources and services that schools request, while school development and teachers’ professional learning are integrated into a day-to-day “experiment” performed collaboratively by teachers and principals (Niemi, 2015). This kind of experience gives teachers a sense of mastery and boosts their determination to continuously learn (Ryan and Deci, 2000). In low-performing countries, distributing autonomy of education quality improvement to schools and teachers negatively correlates with the countries’ education outcomes (Hanushek et al., 2011). This study also suggests that education outcome accountability and teacher capacity are necessary to ensure the provision of autonomy to improve education quality. However, to have teachers who can meet dynamic educational challenges through continuous learning, de Klerk & Barnett (2020) suggest that developing countries include programmes that could nurture teachers’ agency to learn in addition to the regular content and pedagogical-focused teacher training materials. Giving autonomy to teachers can be challenging in an environment where accountability or performance is measured by narrow considerations (teacher exam score, administrative completion, etc.). As is the case in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, teachers tend to attend training to meet performance evaluation administrative criteria rather than to address specific professional development needs (Dymoke and Harrison, 2006). Generally, the focus of the training relies on what the government believes will benefit their teaching workforce. Teacher professional development (TPD) is merely an assignment for Jakarta teachers. Most teachers attend the training only to obtain attendance certificates that can be credited towards their additional performance allowance. Consequently, those teachers will only reproduce teaching practices that they have experienced or observed from their seniors. As in other similar professional development systems, improvement in teaching quality at schools is less likely to happen (Hargreaves, 2000). Most of the trainings were led by external experts or academics who did not interact with teachers on a day-to-day basis. This approach to professional development represents a top-down mechanism where teacher training was designed independently from teaching context and therefore appears to be overly abstract, unpractical, and not useful for teachers (Timperley, 2011). Moreover, the lack of relevancy between teacher training and teaching practice leads to teachers’ low ownership of the professional development process (Bergmark, 2020). More broadly, in the Jakarta education system, especially the public school system, autonomy was never given to schools and teachers prior to establishing the new TPD system in 2021. The system employed a top-down relationship between the local education agency, teacher training centres, principals, and teachers. Professional development plans were usually motivated by a low teacher competency score or budgeted teacher professional development programme. Guided by the scores, the training centres organised training that could address knowledge areas that most of Jakarta's teachers lack. In many cases, to fulfil the quota as planned in the budget, the local education agency and the training centres would instruct principals to assign two teachers to certain training without knowing their needs. Realizing that the system was not functioning, Jakarta’s local education agency decided to create a reform that gives more autonomy toward schools and teachers in determining teacher professional development plan. The new system has been piloted since November 2021. To maintain the balance between administrative evaluation and addressing professional development needs, the new initiative highlights the key role played by head teachers or principals. This is based on assumption that principals who have the opportunity to observe teaching practice closely could help teachers reflect and develop their professionalism. (Dymoke and Harrison, 2006). As explained by the professional development case in Finland, leadership and collegial collaboration are also critical to shaping a school culture that could support the development of professional autonomy. The collective energies among teachers and the principal will also direct the teacher toward improving teaching, learning, and caring for students and parents (Hyslop-Margison and Sears, 2010; Hargreaves, 2000). Thus, the new TPD system in Jakarta adopts the feature of collegial collaboration. This is considered as imperative in Jakarta where teachers used to be controlled and join a professional development activity due to external forces. Learning autonomy did not exist within themselves. Hence, teachers need a leader who can turn the "professional development regulation" into a culture at schools. The process will shape teachers to do professional development quite autonomously (Deci et al., 2001). In this case, a controlling leadership style will hinder teachers’ autonomous motivation. Instead, principals should articulate a clear vision, consider teachers' individual needs and aspirations, inspire, and support professional development activities (Eyal and Roth, 2011). This can also be called creating a professional culture at schools (Fullan, 1996). In this Note, we aim to understand how the schools and teachers respond to the new teacher professional development system. We compare experience and motivation of different characteristics of teachers.
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