Academic literature on the topic 'Extent of use'

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Journal articles on the topic "Extent of use"

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Kovář, P. "The extent of land use impact on water regime ." Plant, Soil and Environment 52, No. 6 (November 17, 2011): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3435-pse.

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The paper is focused on the impact of land use changes on water regime. First, an emphasis was given to what extent the main components of the water balance on the experimental catchment Všeminka (region Vsetínské Hills) were influenced. For this reason, the WBCM-5 model was implemented for the period of 10 years in a daily step with a particular reference to simulate the components of direct runoff and of subsurface water recharge. In the selected years of the period 1990–2000, the major changes were made in land use and also the significant fluctuation of rainfall-runoff regimes were observed (e.g. dry year 1992 and flood year 1997). After WBCM-5 parameter calibration it was found that some water balance components can change in relation to substantial land use changes even up to tens of percent in a balance-consideration, i.e. in daily, monthly and yearly or decade values, namely the components of interception and also of direct runoff and of subsurface water recharge. However, a different situation appears when investigating significant short-term rainfall-runoff processes. There were about seven real flood events analysed using the model KINFIL-2 (time step 0.5 hr) during the same period of about 10 years on the same catchment. Furthermore, some land use change positive or negative scenarios were also analysed there. As opposed to long-term water balance analyses, there was never achieved any greater differences in the hydrograph peak or volume than 10%. Summarising, it is always important to distinguish a possible land use change impact in either long-term balance or short-term runoff consideration, otherwise a misunderstanding might be easily made, as can often be found when commenting on the impact on floods in some mass media.
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Taylor, S., C. F. M. McCracken, K. C. M. Wilson, and J. R. M. Copeland. "Extent and appropriateness of benzodiazepine use." British Journal of Psychiatry 173, no. 5 (November 1998): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.173.5.433.

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BackgroundWe sought to determine the extent and appropriateness of benzodiazepine use in an elderly community, by measuring prevalence and incidence of benzodiazepines and examining mental health status as a predictor of benzodiazepine use.MethodData were collected from two longitudinal studies of people from the same community, sampled in 1982–1983 and again in 1989–1991.ResultsBenzodiazepine prevalence did not decrease during the period under study, but there was a significant reduction in anxiolytic use. Prevalence of benzodiazepines in women is twice that in men, and incidence of hypnotics is slightly higher in women. Prevalence and incidence of hypnotics are strongly associated with increasing age. There were high proportions of long-term users (61 and 70%), and continued use was high (52%) among new users. A large proportion of benzodiazepine use was by those who were concurrently depressed. Similarly, anxiety predicted both current and subsequent use of hypnotics.ConclusionsMany older people still use benzodiazepines, contrary to official guidelines with regard to their mental health. Our findings add to the weight of opinion that persistent and long-term use should be discouraged.
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Houghton, R. A. "The Worldwide Extent of Land-Use Change." BioScience 44, no. 5 (May 1994): 305–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1312380.

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Nagala, Sidhartha, Pranay Singh, and Philippa Tostevin. "Extent of cotton-bud use in ears." British Journal of General Practice 61, no. 592 (November 2011): 662–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp11x606546.

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Hickman, James. "Extent of cotton-bud use in ears." British Journal of General Practice 61, no. 593 (December 2011): 722.1–722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp11x613089.

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Stultz, Esther E., Jennifer L. Stokes, Michele L. Shaffer, Ian M. Paul, and Cheston M. Berlin. "Extent of Medication Use in Breastfeeding Women." Breastfeeding Medicine 2, no. 3 (September 2007): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2007.0010.

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Uppal, S., E. Hernandez, and V. Dandolu. "Extent of Robotic Use in Gynecologic Surgery." Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 16, no. 6 (November 2009): S98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2009.08.491.

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Maiga, Adam S., and Fred A. Jacobs. "Extent of ABC Use and Its Consequences." Contemporary Accounting Research 25, no. 2 (June 9, 2008): 533–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1506/car.25.2.9.

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Holden, Jean M., and Geoffrey R. Fernie. "Extent of artificial limb use following rehabilitation." Journal of Orthopaedic Research 5, no. 4 (1987): 562–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jor.1100050411.

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Smith, Kirk R. "Assessing the extent of solid fuel use." Energy for Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (March 2005): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0973-0826(08)60485-8.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Extent of use"

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Vetchagool, Witchulada. "The impact of the extent of activity-based costing use and the extent of ISO 9000 implementation on organisational performance." Thesis, University of Hull, 2016. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:15194.

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Activity-based costing (ABC) is one of the most-researched management accounting areas that can improve organisational performance (OP). However, the studies on ABC and its impact on OP were still deficient and contradictory. Furthermore, ABC might be the most advantageous approaches used concurrently with ISO 9000. This study aims to investigate the impact of the extent of ABC use and the extent of ISO 9000 implementation on OP in order to identify the role of ABC and ISO 9000 in improving OP, and, in addition, to assess the combined effects of ABC and ISO 9000 on OP. Two conceptual models were developed to illustrate the relationships between variables. There were 601 usable questionnaires (19.36 percent) received; 191 organisations that adopted both ABC and ISO 9000 compared to 410 organisations that adopted only ISO 9000. Three data analysis techniques were employed: exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modelling (SEM). EFA and CFA results provide evidence that the extent of ABC use (CA: cost analysis, CS: cost strategy, CE: cost evaluation), the extent of ISO 9000 implementation (MP: management principle, CP: Cooperation principle) and organisational performance (OPP: operational performance, FP: financial performance) are multidimensional. SEM results indicate the extent of ABC use directly improves OPP and subsequently indirectly improves FP through OPP. On the other hand, the extent of ISO 9000 implementation of organisations that adopted only ISO 9000 improves neither OPP nor FP. However, the management principle (MP) of organisations that adopted both ABC and ISO 9000 can directly improve both OPP and FP, and subsequently indirectly improve FP through OPP. The result implies a potential synergy effect of ABC and ISO 9000, which extends the body of knowledge of management accounting and quality management research.
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Martin, Gary P. "The Extent of Drug Use among High School Seniors in Tennessee, April 1985." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1986. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2725.

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The purpose of this study was to obtain information relative to the extent of drug use by high school seniors in Tennessee. Patterns of drug use were obtained by using a questionnaire/opinionnaire developed by Bachman, Johnston, and O'Malley of the Institute for Social Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan. The review of literature focused on patterns of drug use by seniors throughout the nation using the same questionnaire/opinionnaire. The results of the national survey were compared with the findings in Tennessee. The questionnaire was administered to a stratified random sample of 450 seniors in 15 randomly selected high schools in West, Middle, and East Tennessee. The State Department of Education was utilized to select the 15 participating schools. Thirty students, 15 males and 15 females from each school, were selected by using a table of random numbers. A guidance counselor or other designated individual in each school was responsible for administering the questionnaire. The data obtained provided information regarding the extent of drug use by high school seniors in Tennessee. The study revealed that seniors in Tennessee use alcohol less on a lifetime and yearly basis compared with seniors throughout the nation. Monthly rates of alcohol utilization were practically the same. The study further showed that high school seniors in Tennessee were less likely to use marijuana on a lifetime, yearly and monthly basis than seniors in other high schools in the nation and less likely to use stimulants on a lifetime basis. The use of barbiturates, LSD, cocaine and heroin could not be statistically analyzed because of a lack of responses to the survey questions. Additional conclusions drawn as a result of the study are summarized as follows: (1) The main reasons seniors in Tennessee used drugs were: to experiment, to relieve tension, to get high, and to have a good time with friends. (2) The situations in which seniors in Tennessee used drugs were: at home, or at a party, on a date, with one or two other people, and in a car. (3) The drugs most abused in Tennessee were alcohol and marijuana. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
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Beairsto, James Atley Bruce. "Intermediate computer use : a survey of the nature and extent of computer use in intermediate classrooms in British Columbia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26362.

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The use of computers at all levels in the educational system in British Columbia has been expanding rapidly despite a noticeable lack of provincial direction and support. With increasing funding this expansion can be expected to continue and even to accelerate. As computer-based instruction becomes more prevalent the need for programs of in-service training becomes increasingly important. This study reports the results of a survey of the nature and extent of computer use in intermediate classrooms in British Columbia. It was conducted to collect the descriptive baseline data necessary to design an in-service program. The study also examines the educational motivations for computer-based instruction cited by teachers. Data was collected using a province-wide mail questionnaire distributed in December 1985 and a series of telephone interviews in April, May and June of 1986. The results indicate that: a) There is great diversity in the availablity of hardware and software across the province. b) There is great diversity in the experience and training level of teachers across the province. c) In general, computer access is severely limited. d) In general, intermediate teachers have minimal training in the educational use of computers. In general, intermediate teachers have very limited experience with computers. The most widely used programs in intermediate classrooms are Bank Street Writer, Logo, typing training programs, mathematics programs and various materials from the Minnesota Educational Computing Consortium (MECC). The respondents ranked computer-based strategies superior to traditional strategies in teaching language arts and problem solving. The educational motivations cited by the respondents fell into seven major categories characterized, in descending order of frequency of citation, by the following key words: utility, interest, literacy, drill, enrichment, reinforcement and individualization. There is little evidence of any developmental pattern, associated with an increase in experience, in the educational motivations for computer use cited by the respondents. The correlations which do exist indicate that with increased training and increased length of time using computer-based instructional strategies teachers tend to devalue the objectives of promoting computer literacy and inflate the objectives of reinforcing traditional instruction, individualizing instruction and using the computer as a productivity tool for text editing.
Education, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate
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Matoka, Peter W. "Child labour in Zambia : an analysis of the extent, nature and proposed solutions to the problem." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1994. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36097/.

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This thesis is centred on the problem of child labour in the urban areas of Zambia. The origins, types and context of child labour are extensively described as are the incidence and distribution of the problem by locality, trade and activity. The very definition of 'child labour' is uncertain with legal, historical, comparative, customary and academic definitions being somewhat contradictory. The differing notions are considered and reconciled. As child labour is mainly concentrated in the 'informal sector', the nature of this sector in Zambia and other poor countries is analysed. The limited opportunities for education, employment and productive and fulfilling self-employment in the informal sector are highlighted. An account of the historical origins and development of child labour in the pre-colonial and colonial periods is provided. An assessment of the measures designed to control or ameliorate child labour follows. This covers the work of international organisations, the colonial and post-colonial governments in Zambia, the voluntary sector and concerned individuals. The effectiveness and coverage of the relevant international conventions and local legal provisions and enforcement are evaluated. The consequences on child labour of more recent interventions by international agencies, for example the Structural Adjustment Program of the World Bank, are illustrated. Three main forms of analysis have been used in this thesis. First a descriptive account of child labour has been supplied using secondary accounts and unpublished reports. Second, the author has undertaken a comparative analysis, examining child labour in two other African countries as well as two countries in each of the continents of Asia and Latin America. Third, extensive interviews with child labourers themselves and those who are close to their plight have been undertaken, to provide the actor's own graphic and personal views on the issues discussed. The thesis concludes with an appraisal of the significance of the study, general prescriptive comments and some more specific policy recommendations designed to address and combat the incidence and worst features of child labour in Zambia.
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Sonkwala, Mzikayise Richard. "The extent of the use of ICT in schools in the Nelson Mandela Bay area." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012284.

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It is the 21st Century and the world is a global village. The development of technology like Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has thus become the dominant means of communication. Education has not been left out of this wave of change. In many countries Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has a clear impact in the development of educational curriculum. This cannot be said about South Africa where huge disparities in terms of ICT related resources still exist. There is a range of uses of ICT in South African schools and it varies according to the economic and social conditions where that school is located. For example, the former Model C schools are well-resourced in terms of computers and access to internet whilst township schools lack these resources. In township schools very few students are exposed to computers due to the limited number of computers and lack of properly qualified educators in the field of ICT. In the Nelson Mandela Bay area township schools only offer CAT (Computer Applications Technology) as an ICT related subject whilst the former Model C schools offer CAT and IT (Information Technology).This treatise attempts to show the digital divide that still exists between a former Model C school and a township school, and the impact it has in quality of education in these schools.
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McKee, Steven. "Extent of use of the problem-solving approach by first-year teachers of vocational agriculture /." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487694702785341.

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Johnson, Douglas Alan. "A consumer study evaluating the extent technology education textbooks use 1993 benchmarks for science literacy." Online version, 1999. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1999/1999johnsond.pdf.

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Long, Lynn Hunt. "Relationship Between Extent of Extracurricular Participation, Employment, and Substance Use Among Middle and High School Students." UNF Digital Commons, 2004. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/288.

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This study examined the relationship between student use of substances and extent of participation in school and/or community sponsored sport or nonsport activity. The study also examined student substance use and extent of participation in sport or nonsport activity together with extent of employment. Data were provided by 24,699 public school youths who attended grades 6 through 12 and completed the 2001-2002 Duval Secondary Substance Use and Violence Survey: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors. Frequency tables, crosstabulation, chi-square tests, and loglinear analysis were used to analyze the data. The study found: (a) a higher percentage of respondents who participated in 11 or more hours of sport/athletic activity or nonsport activity reported using substances almost every day than did respondents who participated in 1-5 hours of activity (b) a higher percentage of students reported using alcohol almost every day when involved in greater than 20 hours of work per week and 11 or more hours of sport/athletic or nonsport participation than did those with lesser involvement in activity in conjunction with work at any level. Extracurricular programs and student employment may function as protective factors in discouraging adolescent substance use. Extracurricular programs and student employment may also place the student at greater risk for substance abuse when such involvement exceeds 20 hours per week in work and more than 11 hours per week of extracurricular activity. While extracurricular programs and student employment should be designed and offered to encourage widespread student participation, extent of participation should be monitored to assure healthy participation.
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Akbari, Haddis. "The extent of 'use' necessary for Community Trade Marks : and the relation to the test of reputation." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Commercial Law, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12210.

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Article 15(1) of the Community Trade Mark Regulation states that the Community Trade Mark holder has to put the mark into genuine use in the Community within five years from registration. Even though the regulation does not deal with the extent of use necessary, the Joint Statements uphold that genuine use within one country is enough. However, recent case law from national offices have ruled in the opposite direction, resulting in legal uncertainty concerning how much use that is needed. The courts claimed that use within merely one Member State is not use in a substantial part of the Community and therefore not genuine.This paper shows that it is not satisfactory to define genuine use in the Community by way of analogy to the term substantial part of the territory. The latter derives from the test of reputation concerning a different case entirely. Instead, most indicators point towards a market-oriented approach where national frontiers do not matter. Focus should be on the extent of use being made compared to the market concerned in the entire EU. A case-by-case assessment is required, where all relevant circumstances are taken into consideration.

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Swan, Robin Napier. "The auditor's application of analytical procedures : the extent of their use and the effectiveness of such procedures." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252425.

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Books on the topic "Extent of use"

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Ryswyk, A. L. Van. Agricultural use and extent of British Columbia wetlands. [Ottawa]: Agriculture Canada, Research Branch, 1992.

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Palik, Brian. Estimating riparian area extent and land use in the Midwest. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 2004.

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Tripp, Lisa. The fishery resources of the national forests: Extent, uses and economic benefits--1988. Washington, D.C: Sport Fishing Institute for USDA Forest Service, Wildlife and Fisheries, 1990.

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Tripp, Lisa. The fishery resources of the national forests: Extent, uses and economic benefits--1988. Washington, D.C: Sport Fishing Institute for USDA Forest Service, Wildlife and Fisheries, 1990.

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Tripp, Lisa. The fishery resources of the national forests: Extent, uses, and economic benefits, 1988. Washington, D.C: USDA Forest Service, Wildlife and Fisheries, 1990.

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L, Maddox George, Robins Lee N, Rosenberg Nathan, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (U.S.), National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.), and National Institute on Aging, eds. Nature and extent of alcohol problems among the elderly. New York: Springer Pub. Co., 1986.

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Suwayf, Muṣṭafá. Extent and patterns of drug use among students and working-class men in Egypt. Cairo: National Center for Social and Criminological Research, 1994.

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Ryan, Anthony F. To what extent can industrially produced curriculum support material be of use within schools. [Guildford]: University of Surrey, 1993.

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Hicks, J. A. To what extent can land use planning policy, with relation to location of town centre employment use, contribute to a reduction in car use?. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1997.

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Office, General Accounting. Project labor agreements: The extent of their use and related information : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Extent of use"

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García-Álvarez, David, and Javier Lara Hinojosa. "Global Thematic Land Use Cover Datasets Characterizing Agricultural Covers." In Land Use Cover Datasets and Validation Tools, 399–417. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90998-7_20.

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AbstractThere is a wide variety of global thematic Land Use Cover (LUC) datasets characterizing agricultural covers. Most of them focus on cropland areas, providing information on their extent or the percentage of cropland cover on the ground. In some cases, the focus is more specific and they provide information on cropland irrigation practices. In other cases, specific maps charting the extension of different crops are also available. In this chapter, we review 8 different datasets with a spatial resolution of at least 1 km. There are many other datasets characterizing agricultural covers at coarser resolutions, such as the Historic Croplands Dataset, GMRCA or GIAM. Their coarse resolution hampers their potential application in practice, which is why they are not described in detail in this chapter. Nor do we analyse FROM-GC, a dataset mapping the extent of global cropland at 30 m, because it is not currently accessible. GFSAD30 has the highest resolution of all the datasets reviewed (30 m). It also provides some of the most up-to-date information (2015). However, it only charts the extent of cropland. As part of an associated project, GFSAD1KCD and GFSAD1KCM characterize cropland areas in 9 and 7 categories respectively at 1 km for 2010. They provide information on the irrigation status of the crops. GFSAD1KCD and GFSAD1KCM were obtained from data fusion. This method is commonly used in the production of many of the cropland datasets reviewed: IIASA-IFPRI cropland map, Global Synergy Cropland Map, Unified Cropland Layer (UCL) and ASAP Land Cover Masks. The IIASA-IFPRI (2005) and ASAP maps provide information on the proportion of cropland at a spatial resolution of 1 km. ASAP also includes a map on rangeland covers, and as such is the only dataset described in this chapter that maps a cover other than croplands. The Global Synergy Cropland Map (2010) and the Unified Cropland Layer (2014) also map cropland proportions, although they have been produced at higher spatial resolutions: 500 and 250 m respectively. The Global Cropland Extent product maps the extent of cropland at 250 m based on imagery from 2000-2008. Although thematically limited, this dataset is less affected by time variability, as it is based on imagery taken over a long period (8 years). Finally, GRIPC maps the extent of three types of cropland area (irrigated, rainfed and paddy crops) at 500 m for 2005.
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Gaur, Mahesh K., and Victor R. Squires. "Geographic Extent and Characteristics of the World’s Arid Zones and Their Peoples." In Climate Variability Impacts on Land Use and Livelihoods in Drylands, 3–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56681-8_1.

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Gómez-Enríquez, Rommel. "Extent and Usefulness of Ready to Use Enamels to a Small Operation." In 65th Porcelain Enamel Institute Technical Forum: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, Volume 24, Issue 5, 67–75. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470294840.ch10.

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Martin, Jack K., Joan M. Kraft, and Paul M. Roman. "Extent and Impact of Alcohol and Drug Use Problems in the Workplace." In Drug Testing in the Workplace, 3–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2399-4_1.

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Eiser, Christine, and J. Richard Eiser. "The impact of “Double Take” as a function of region and extent of use." In Recent Research in Psychology, 85–101. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8799-2_6.

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García-Álvarez, David, Javier Lara Hinojosa, and Francisco José Jurado Pérez. "Global Thematic Land Use Cover Datasets Characterizing Artificial Covers." In Land Use Cover Datasets and Validation Tools, 419–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90998-7_21.

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AbstractThe mapping of artificial covers at a global scale has received increasing attention in recent years. Numerous thematic global Land Use Cover (LUC) datasets focusing on artificial surfaces have been produced at increasingly high spatial resolutions and using methods that ensure improved levels of accuracy. In fact, there are several long time series of maps showing the evolution of artificial surfaces from the 1980s to the present. Most of them allow for change detection over time, which is possible, thanks to the high level of accuracy at which artificial surfaces can be mapped and because transitions from artificial to non-artificial covers are very rare. Global thematic LUC datasets characterizing artificial covers usually map the extent or percentage of artificial or urban areas across the world. They do not provide thematic detail on the different uses or covers that make up artificial or urban surfaces. Unlike other general or thematic LUC datasets, those focusing on artificial covers make extensive use of radar data. In several cases, optical and radar imagery have been used together, as each source provides complementary information. Global Urban Expansion 1992–2016 and ISA, which were produced at a spatial resolution of 1 km, are the coarsest of the nine datasets reviewed in this chapter. ISA provides information on the percentage of impervious surface area per pixel. The GHSL edition of 2014 and the GMIS at 30 m also provide sub-pixel information, whereas all the other datasets reviewed here only map the extent of artificial/impervious/urban areas. Most of the datasets reviewed in this chapter were produced at a spatial resolution of 30 m. This is due to the extensive use of Landsat imagery in the production of these datasets. Landsat provides a long, high-resolution series of satellite imagery that enables effective mapping of the evolution of impervious surfaces at detailed scales. Of the datasets produced at 30 m, Global Urban Land maps artificial covers for seven different dates between 1980 and 2015, while GHSL does the same for five different dates between 1987 and 2016, although the map for the last date was produced at 20 m. GUB maps the extent of urban land for seven dates between 1990 and 2018 and was produced together with GAIA, which provides an annual series of maps for the period 1985–2018. HBASE, GMIS and GISM, also at 30 m, are only available for one reference year. The same is true of GUF and WSF, which were produced as part of the same effort to map global artificial surfaces as accurately as possible. They provide the most detailed datasets up to date, with spatial resolutions of 12 m (GUF) and 10 m (WSF). Future updates of WSF will produce a consistent time series of global LC maps of artificial areas from the 1980s to the present. It aims to be the longest, most detailed, most accurate dataset ever produced on this subject.
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Hidlebaugh, A. R. "Use of Soil Survey Information to Determine Extent and Effect of Rock Fragments on Productivity." In Erosion and Productivity of Soils Containing Rock Fragments, 7–12. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub13.c2.

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Rizzo, Maria, and Patrizia Gasparini. "Land Use and Land Cover Photointerpretation." In Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering, 49–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98678-0_3.

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AbstractMost national forest inventories use remote sensing data, mainly aerial photos and orthophotos, for the preliminary classification of land use and cover in the inventory points, also for the purpose of estimating the forest area. The classification of land use and land cover during the first phase of the third Italian forest inventory INFC2015 was carried out by interpreting 4-band digital orthophotos (RGB colors and near infrared) in over 301,000 points located on a grid with quadrangular meshes of 1 km2. The classification system adopted includes three hierarchical levels, of which the first corresponds to the same level of the European CORINE Land Cover system and the subsequent ones aimed at highlighting the classes of inventory interest, for the subsequent stratification of the sample of points to be surveyed on the ground. A rigorous quality control procedure was implemented, during the photointerpretation and its conclusion, in order to assess the accuracy of the classifications and the extent of changes to and from forest land use and land cover.
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Mahop, Marcelin Tonye. "The Post Nagoya Protocol ABS Regime in France: Exploring the Extent to Which It Upholds the Obligations of the Protocol." In Global Transformations in the Use of Biodiversity for Research and Development, 463–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88711-7_16.

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García-Álvarez, David, and Sabina Florina Nanu. "Land Use Cover Datasets: A Review." In Land Use Cover Datasets and Validation Tools, 47–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90998-7_4.

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AbstractThis chapter presents a review of Land Use Cover (LUC) datasets at global and supranational scales. To this end, we differentiate between LUC maps (Sect. 3) and reference LUC datasets (Sect. 4). The former map how different land uses or covers are distributed across the Earth’s surface. The latter provides a sample of LUC data for specific points on Earth and are normally used in LUC mapping and modelling calibration and validation exercises. We also include a brief presentation of the main producers of LUC datasets (Sect. 2). The LUC maps reviewed here are classified according to different criteria. First, we differentiate between general LUC maps (Sect. 3.2), which provide information about all land uses and covers on Earth, and thematic LUC maps (Sect. 3.3), which focus on the mapping of a specific land use or cover. Second, we classify general and thematic LUC maps according to their extent, distinguishing between global and supra-national LUC maps. The general maps are classified according to the continent for which they provide information, either fully or partially, while the thematic maps are classified according to the type of land use or cover they focus on. Most of the datasets reviewed in this chapter are characterized in detail in Part IV of this book, to which this chapter acts as an introduction. This chapter includes a series of tables with all the datasets, indicating those for which a detailed description is provided in Part IV.
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Conference papers on the topic "Extent of use"

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Huele, Dianah Jane L., and Perry Paul J. Espinosa. "Extent of Internet Use and Anxiety in Adolescence." In 2021 Second International Conference on Innovative Technology Convergence (CITC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/citc54365.2021.00009.

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Yitzhaky, Yitzhak, and Norman S. Kopeika. "Identification of the blur extent from motion-blurred images." In SPIE's 1995 Symposium on OE/Aerospace Sensing and Dual Use Photonics, edited by Gerald C. Holst. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.210038.

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Cassidy, Brendan P., Claire Louise Haywood, and Gavin Sim. "Investigating the Extent to Which Children Use Mobile Phone Application Stores." In 27th International BCS Human Computer Interaction Conference (HCI 2013). BCS Learning & Development, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/hci2013.31.

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Mason, T. "G277 Use of Nebulised Magnesium Sulphate for Acute Wheeze in Children – Current Extent of Use and Opinions." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the Annual Conference, 24–26 May 2017, ICC, Birmingham. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-313087.271.

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Allan Johnston, Kevin, and Susan Benvenuti. "News You Can Use." In InSITE 2008: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3241.

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It is widely accepted that assessment determines learning: what is learnt, how the learning takes place, the extent to which the learning is retained, and the extent to which that learning can be further developed or applied (Biggs, 2003; Boud, Cohen, & Sampson, 1999; Entwistle & Entwistle, 1997; Rowntree, 1992). This paper examines an assessment intervention undertaken independently by two South African Universities in their first year Information Systems Courses, aimed at improving both the learning of content and the development of academic and career skills, within the constraints of curriculum, large classes and under-preparedness of students. Departing from a similar concept, the two universities designed and implemented the assessment tasks independently, with each experiencing different successes and challenges. Representing a first cycle in an Action Research study, the underlying rationale behind the interventions is presented, together with a detailed analysis of the two case studies and their shared lessons learned from the experience.
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Abreu, C. R., A. A. G. Carrasquilla, E. S. Souza, L. L. Martins, and A. O. Guimarães. "Use of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (Epr) Technique to Estimate Petroleum Quality and Biodegradation Extent." In 29th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902947.

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Akundi, Aditya, Wilma Ankobiah, Oscar Mondragon, and Sergio Luna. "Perceptions and the extent of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) use – An industry survey." In 2022 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/syscon53536.2022.9773894.

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Dong, Kun, and Xueru Zhang. "The Research progress of Conversion of Land Use and its Effects at Small region extent." In 2015 3rd International Conference on Advances in Energy and Environmental Science. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icaees-15.2015.237.

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Dunscomb, Mark H., Edward D. Billington, Mia A. Painter, and Jeremy S. Strohmeyer. "Determining Areal Extent, Cover, and Volume of Waste Fills Using Geophysics for Land Use Planning." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2006. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.2923709.

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H. Dunscomb, Mark, Edward D. Billington, Mia A. Painter, and Jeremy S. Strohmeyer. "DETERMINING AREAL EXTENT, COVER, AND VOLUME OF WASTE FILLS USING GEOPHYSICS FOR LAND USE PLANNING." In 19th EEGS Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.181.6.

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Reports on the topic "Extent of use"

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Palik, Brian J., Swee May Tang, and Quinn Chavez. Estimating riparian area extent and land use in the Midwest. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-gtr-248.

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Rossi, Rebecca, and Gabrielle David. Field guide to identifying the upper extent of stream channels. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43560.

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The upper extent of a channel is a transition zone from the hillslope to the beginning of the stream channel. Accurately and consistently identifying the upper extent of a channel in the field and locating where hillslope processes transition to stream-channel processes can be a difficult task. Physical characteristics located at the beginning of a channel (i.e., channel head), including geomorphic, sediment, and vegetation indicators, can vary significantly across different landscapes in the United States. Remote tools are useful for examining the upper extent of channels, but these re-mote tools have limitations for identifying the beginning of channels. Even as the resolution of remote data continues to increase, field observations are necessary to validate the remote data on the ground and to accurately and consistently identify and locate the transition from the hillslope to the stream channel. Use of a combination of remote and field evidence is likely the most successful strategy for identifying channel heads. This report presents a case study that demonstrates how a weight-of-evidence approach can combine field and remote evidence to locate the different parts of the transition and ultimately to identify the channel-head location.
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Matita, Mirriam, Ephraim Wadonda Chirwa, David Zingwe, and Jacob Mazalale. Use of Climate-Smart Agriculture Practices and Smallholder Farmer Market Participation in Central Malawi. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.003.

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In the past few decades, climate-smart agriculture (CSA) has been promoted to improve food security and raise incomes as a strategy for sustainable agricultural development. The adoption rates among smallholder farmers, particularly in Africa, remain low and have varied in different contexts. We investigated the market participation spill over effects from the adoption of CSA practices in central Malawi. We tested the hypothesis that the extent of the use of CSA practices in the past 10 years can lead to production surpluses that enable smallholder farmers to participate in markets and thereby increase agricultural incomes. The findings suggest, among others, the need to intensify efforts to promote CSA adoption specifically over a longer period for benefits of the technologies to materialise. The adoption of CSA practices over time enhances crop market participation – an important aspect required for production sustainability as well as for transforming agriculture towards greater market orientation among smallholder farmers.
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Hatef, Elham, Renee F. Wilson, Susan M. Hannum, Allen Zhang, Hadi Kharrazi, Jonathan P. Weiner, Stacey A. Davis, and Karen A. Robinson. Use of Telehealth During the COVID-19 Era. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcsrcovidtelehealth.

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Objectives. To assess how to provide telehealth care by identifying characteristics of telehealth delivery, patient populations, settings, benefits and harms, and implementation strategies during the COVID-19 era. Data sources. PubMed®, CINAHL®, PsycINFO®, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from March 2020 to May 2022. Additional studies were identified from reference lists and experts. Review methods. We included studies that reported characteristics of telehealth use; benefits and harms of telehealth; factors impacting the success of telehealth, including satisfaction/dissatisfaction and barriers/facilitators; and implementation outcomes. We conducted a mixed-methods review, synthesizing quantitative and qualitative studies. Two reviewers independently screened search results for eligibility, serially extracted data, and independently assessed risk of bias of included studies. Results. We included 764 studies; 310 studies were included in our syntheses. Patients using telehealth were more likely to be people who are young to middle-aged, female, White, of higher socioeconomic status, and living in urban settings. Visits for mental and behavioral health conditions were more frequent than visits for other conditions, and mental or behavioral care was also more likely to be delivered via telehealth than care for other conditions. Across a variety of conditions, telehealth produced similar clinical outcomes as compared with in-person care. Telehealth care is appropriate for some patients, but more information is necessary to determine the suitability of telehealth for specific patient populations; patients and providers felt that telehealth may be less suitable and less desirable for patients with complex clinical conditions; and some patients perceive telehealth as a barrier to improved health outcomes owing to the absence of a physical exam and challenges in developing rapport and communicating with their care team. There was a lack of evidence addressing implementation cost, penetration, and sustainability of telehealth, and about telehealth implementation at the health system level. Conclusions. Whereas telehealth use spiked after the beginning of the pandemic, the characteristics of patients using telehealth follow a pattern similar to that for other healthcare and digital health services. We found that the use of telehealth may be comparable to in-person care across different clinical and process outcomes. Telehealth implementation has addressed the needs of both patients and providers to some extent, even as clinical conditions, patient and provider characteristics, and type of assessment varied. Telehealth has provided a viable alternative mode of care delivery during the pandemic and holds promise for the future.
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Cairo, Jessica, Iulia Gherman, and Paul Cook. The effects of consumer freezing of food on its use-by date. Food Standards Agency, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ret874.

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The current Food Standards Agency consumer guidance states that consumers can freeze pre-packed food right up to the “use-by” date and, once food has been defrosted, it should be consumed within 24 hours. This strategic review has collated relevant data to determine whether there is an increased risk in relation to freezing ready-to-eat and non-ready-to-eat foods on the use-by date compared to the day before the use-by date. The review has focused on how the shelf-life of a food is determined and the effects of freezing, thawing and refrigeration on foodborne pathogens, including Bacillus spp., Campylobacter spp., Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, pathogenic Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. In the UK, food business operators are responsible for setting the safe shelf-life of a food which, in practice, should take into consideration the consumer habits, as well as the factors affecting shelf-life, such as food product characteristics, food processing techniques, transport, retail and domestic food storage temperatures, and type of packaging. Some countries, such as Ireland, New Zealand and Canada specifically recommend including safety margins within shelf lives. This is used to maintain brand integrity because it ensures that the food is consumed in its optimum condition. The FSA has collaborated with other organisations in the production of several guidance documents; however, there is no explicit requirement for the consideration of a margin of safety when setting shelf-life. There is also no legal requirement in the UK to consider a safety margin when setting shelf-life. According to regulations, pathogens should not be present in sufficient levels to cause foodborne illness on the use-by date, as food should still be safe to eat on that day. Given that these requirements are met, the risk assessed in this report arises from the processes of freezing, thawing and subsequent refrigerated storage for a further 24 hours, and the potential for these to increase pathogen levels. In this review, it was found that there is a risk of additional growth of certain pathogens during the refrigerated storage period although the impact of freezing and thawing on the extent of this growth was not readily evident. This risk would relate specifically to ready-to-eat foods as cooking of non-ready-to-eat foods after defrosting would eliminate pathogens. This report explores the potential issues related to consumer freezing on the use-by date and identifies additional information or research required to understand the risks involved. Overall, there is little evidence to suggest a significant change in risk between consumers freezing ready-to-eat food on the use-by date compared to freezing the food on the day before the use-by date. Specific areas that merit further research include the risks due to low temperature survival and growth of L. monocytogenes. There is also a lack of research on the effects of freezing, defrosting and refrigeration on the growth and toxin production of non-proteolytic C. botulinum, and the growth of Salmonella during domestic freezing and thawing. Finally, more information on how food business operators set shelf-life would enable a better understanding of the process and the extent of the safety margin when determining shelf-life of ready-to-eat and non-ready-to-eat foods.
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Fuentes, Rolando. Distribution Networks Tariff Design in the Era of Decentralization: A Business Model Approach. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2020-dp24.

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In this paper we discuss the unexplored two-way relationship between distribution network tariff design and the emergence of new business models in the power sector. Distribution network tariffs have traditionally used a cost accounting method. We suggest, instead, the use of a business model framework to analyze the extent to which emerging business models in the power sector change the way electricity distribution network services are priced and packaged.
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Zenhäusern, Daniel. Key Performance Indicators for PVT Systems. IEA SHC Task 60, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task60-2020-0007.

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Report D1: The aim of this report is to provide precise definitions of useful KPI’s for PVT systems. Where possible, these definitions correspond to those used in the technology fields of solar thermal systems and photovoltaic systems. In particular, the KPI's for the thermal performance of PVT systems are to a considerable extent based on the definitions adopted in IEA SHC Task 44 (Hadorn 2015). The stipulation and use of standardized KPI’s and notations will be essential for the comparability of different research results.
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Chitale, Vishwas, and Janita Gurung. Harmonizing the vegetation classification of Kailash Sacred Landscape - Working paper. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.1004.

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This paper is the collective effort of ICIMOD and partners to harmonize the vegetation classification of the Kailash Sacred Landscape. The vegetation map was prepared using field data, satellite data, and inputs from experts and partner institutions in China, India, and Nepal. The map provides information on the geographic extent, area coverage, and species composition of 14 vegetation and six land use-land cover types. The information can be used to enhance decision making for ecosystem management in the landscape. Additionally, the methods used in this study are dynamic and could be easily applied to other landscapes in the Hindu Kush Himalaya.
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Nezhyva, Liudmyla L., Svitlana P. Palamar, and Oksana S. Lytvyn. Perspectives on the use of augmented reality within the linguistic and literary field of primary education. [б. в.], November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4415.

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The article analyzes the scientific sources on the problem of augmented reality in the educational field. There is a fragmentary rationale for new technology in primary school, to a greater extent the experience of scientists and practitioners relate to the integrated course “I am exploring the world”. The peculiarities of Ukrainian and foreign writers’ works with AR applications, which are appropriate to use during the classes of literary reading, are analyzed. The authors substantiated the prospect of augmented reality technology for mastering the artistic image of the world of literary work, the relevance of use of AR to modern educational challenges, and also demonstrated the possibility of immersion into the space of artistic creation and activation of students’ imagination with the help of AR applications. The article demonstrates the possibilities of use AR-technology for the development of emotional intelligence and creative thinking, solving educational tasks by setting up an active dialogue with literary heroes. The basic stages of the application of AR technologies in the literary reading lessons in accordance with the opportunities of the electronic resource are described: involvement; interaction; listening, reading and audition; research; creative work; evaluation. It is confirmed that in the process of using augmented reality technology during the reading lessons, the qualitative changes in the process of formation of the reader’s culture of the students of experimental classes appears, as well as the increase of motivation, development of emotional intelligence and creative thinking.
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Johnson, Mark, and John Wachen. Examining Equity in Remote Learning Plans: A Content Analysis of State Responses to COVID-19. The Learning Partnership, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51420/report.2020.2.

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In this technical report, the authors present a content analysis of state guidance on remote learning from the 2019-20 school year. As schools across the country closed in response to COVID-19, state education agencies (SEAs) developed guidance for use by districts on how to ensure the continuation of education during the pandemic. The described analysis applied an equity framework that was developed based on concepts drawn from a literature review to examine the extent to which SEAs addressed issues of equity in their remote learning recommendations. The analysis revealed variation in the extent to which states explicitly focused on equity in their guidance. The analysis also identified exemplar states that encouraged local educators to keep equity at the forefront of their planning.
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