Relevant bibliographies by topics / Extended surface

Academic literature on the topic 'Extended surface'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Extended surface"

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Kraus, A. D. "Analysis of Extended Surface." Journal of Heat Transfer 110, no. 4b (November 1, 1988): 1071–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3250611.

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Previous work, by the author and others, pertaining to parameterizations for individual fins is reviewed. These parameterizations are the thermal transmission matrices and ratios that were devised to facilitate the analysis of an assembly of individual fins into an array of extended surface. An elaboration of the usefulness of these parameters, particularly with regard to their superiority over the notion of fin efficiency or fin effectiveness, is made. The concept of reciprocity is developed and the representation of an individual fin as a connection of just three simple resistances is developed. A procedure for the nodal analysis of finned arrays is developed via a matrix-oriented approach.
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Lutwak, Erwin. "Extended affine surface area." Advances in Mathematics 85, no. 1 (January 1991): 39–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-8708(91)90049-d.

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Kraus,, AD, A. Aziz,, J. Welty,, and DP Sekulic,. "Extended Surface Heat Transfer." Applied Mechanics Reviews 54, no. 5 (September 1, 2001): B92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1399680.

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Xu, Jia Chuan, Ping Ping Fan, Zeng Xiang Song, and Wei Cheng Zheng. "Surface Extension in Smoothing of Class a Surfaces for Auto-Body." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 2767–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.2767.

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In smoothing of Class A surfaces for auto-body, the whole surface is firstly divided into many base surfaces, and then blended them into a whole surface. The base surface is often not big enough to meet the blending requirements, so it should be extended. The paper discussed the extension of Bézier curves and surfaces, and analyzed the relationships between extended curves/surfaces and vertexes. The result shows that the arrangement of control vertexes is closely related to the quality of extended curves/surfaces.
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Hashiguchi, Koichi. "Extended Rate-Dependent Subloading Surface Model." Key Engineering Materials 233-236 (January 2003): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.233-236.205.

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Tropper, A. C., and S. Hoogland. "Extended cavity surface-emitting semiconductor lasers." Progress in Quantum Electronics 30, no. 1 (January 2006): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pquantelec.2005.10.002.

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Ghatee, M. H., A. Maleki, and H. Ghaed-Sharaf. "Extended Generic Nature of Surface Entropy." Langmuir 19, no. 2 (January 2003): 211–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la026675s.

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Szabelski, Pawel. "Extended Surface Chirality for Enantiospecific Adsorption." Chemistry - A European Journal 14, no. 27 (September 19, 2008): 8312–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200800444.

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Wu, Weidong, and Xunnian Yang. "Variational surface design under normal field guidance." Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 2, no. 3 (March 9, 2015): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcde.2015.03.001.

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Abstract This paper proposes a novel method for shape design of a Bézier surface with given boundary curves. The surface is defined as the minimizer of an extended membrane functional or an extended thin plate functional under the guidance of a specified normal field together with an initial prescribed surface. For given boundary curves and the guiding normal field, the free coefficients of a Bézier surface are obtained by solving a linear system. Unlike previous PDE based surface modeling techniques which construct surfaces just from boundaries, our proposed method can be used to generate smooth and fair surfaces that even follow a specified normal field. Several interesting examples are given to demonstrate the applications of the proposed method in geometric modeling. Highlights Two extended energy functionals are proposed for variational surface modeling. The guiding normal field can be used to control the shapes of the variational surfaces efficiently. The proposed technique can be used for various modeling purposes like editing, hole filling or transition surface design.
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Lee, I., E. Chung, H. Kweon, S. Yiacoumi, DC Joy, A. Palumbo, and C. Tsouris. "Scanning Surface Potential Microscopy of Spores on Planar Surfaces." Microscopy and Microanalysis 15, S2 (July 2009): 1132–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760909254x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Extended surface"

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Robertson, Andrew J. "Extended surface flow and heat transfer studies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302219.

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Malone, Philip E. "Surface ship shock modeling and simulation extended investigation /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA386401.

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Thesis (Degree of Mechanical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, Dec. 2000.
Thesis advisor, Shin, Young S. "December 2000." Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-88). Also available in print.
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Ainsworth, S. "Surface EXAFS (extended X-ray absorption fine structure) studies of adsorbates on surfaces." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377090.

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Zhang, Jinhong. "Surface Forces between Silica Surfaces in CnTACl Solutions and Surface Free Energy Characterization of Talc." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29997.

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In general, the stability of suspension can be studied using two methods. One is to directly measure the forces between two interacting surfaces in media. The other is to study the interfacial surface free energies of the particles in suspension. Direct surface force measurements were conducted between silica surfaces in octadecyltrimetylammonium chloride (C₁₈TACl) solutions using an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The results showed that the hydrophobic force existed in both air-saturated and degassed C₁₈TACl solutions. The attraction decreased with NaCl addition, and was the strongest at the point of charge neutralization (p.c.n.) of silica substrate. The force measurement results obtained in CnTACl solutions showed that the attractions decayed exponentially and became the maximum at the p.c.n.'s. The decay lengths (D) increased with surfactant chain length. The measured forces were fitted to a charged-patch model of Miklavic et al. (1994) with rather large patch sizes. It was also found that the decay length decreased linearly with the effective concentration of the CH2/CH3 groups raised to the power of -1/2. This finding is in line with the model of Eriksson et al. (1989). It suggested that the long-range attractions are hydrophobic forces originating from the changes in water structure across a hydrophobic surface-solution interface. For the TiO₂/water/TiO₂ system, the Hamaker constant was found to be 4±1×10-20 J. The force curves obtained in the TiO₂/CnTACl system showed a repulsion-attraction-repulsion transition with increasing surfactant concentration. The long-range attraction observed between TiO₂ surfaces in CnTACl solutions reached maximum at the p.c.n., and the decay length increased with chain length. In present work, the thin-layer wicking technique was used to determine the surface free energy (γs) and its components of talc samples. The results showed that the basal surfaces of talc are weakly basic while the edge surfaces are acidic. The effect of chemicals on the surface free energies of talc was systemically studied. The results showed that CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt) and EO/PO (ethylene oxide/propylene oxide) co-polymers made talc surface hydrophilic by increasing the surface free energies, especially γLW and γ -. SOPA (sodium polyacrylate) increased greatly the zeta-potentials instead of the surface free energies.
Ph. D.
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Gensure, John Reynold. "Extended surface heat sinks for electronic components: a computer optimization." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23672.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
Heat sinks consisting of individual fins and arrays of fins are used extensively throughout the Navy and industry. The fins serve to increase the surface area thorough which heat is transferred to the surrounding environment by natural convection. Extended surfaces or fins are commonly found on electronic components ranging from power supplies to transformers. The dissipation and subsequent rejection of potentially destructive self produced heat is an important aspect of electronic equipment design. Fin design theory is examined starting with the optimization of individual fin dimensions. The insights obtained are utilized in an investigation of the optimal number and spacing of elements in an array of fins. The results are implemented in a computer program written in ADA and compiled for use on IBM compatible machines. The program takes as inputs thermal and physical data and outputs an optimized fin configuration. Menu driven, the program is easily employed without any amplifying documentation. The program serves to greatly simplify and accelerate the fin design process and should be an invaluable tool to electronic component designers, especially those with a limited background in heat transfer and fin optimization theory.
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Leung, C. W. "The optimisation of the design of extended surface heat exchangers." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234917.

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Ullsten, Sara. "Tailormade Surfaces for Extended CE Applications." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Chemistry, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4217.

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The combination of capillary electrophoresis (CE) and mass spectrometry (MS) constitutes a powerful microanalytical system in the fields of biology, medicine and chemistry. This thesis describes the development of three novel capillary coatings and demonstrates how these extend the utility of CE as a high-efficiency separation technique in protein analysis and biopharmaceutical drug screening.

Due to the rapidly growing interest in characterizing the human proteome, there is an increased need for rapid protein separations. The use of CE in protein analysis is, however, nontrivial due to problems with protein adsorption to the fused-silica capillary walls. In this thesis, this problem was addressed by developing two novel, physically adsorbed, cationic polymer surface coatings, denoted PolyE-323 and Q-agarose. By using simple rinsing protocols, highly reproducible coatings, stable over a wide range of pH 2-11 were generated. Successful protein separations using cationic-coated capillaries in CE-MS, equipped with either electrospray ionization (ESI) or matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), has been demonstrated.

In the pharmaceutical industry, favorable pharmacokinetic properties of a candidate drug, such as high bioavailability after oral administration, are crucial for a high success rate in clinical development. Tools for prediction of biopharmaceutically relevant drug properties are important in order to identify and discard poor candidate drugs as soon as possible. In this thesis, a membrane mimetic coating was developed by electrostatically immobilizing liposomes to the capillary wall, via an anchoring sublayer of Q-agarose. The liposome-coated capillaries were demonstrated in on-line CE-MS for prediction of drug membrane permeability.

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Fournier, Florian. "FREEFORM REFLECTOR DESIGN WITH EXTENDED SOURCES." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3146.

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Reflector design stemmed from the need to shape the light emitted by candles or lamps. Over 2,000 years ago people realized that a mirror shaped as a parabola can concentrate light, and thus significantly boosts its intensity, to the point where objects can be set afire. Nowadays many applications require an accurate control of light, such as automotive headlights, streetlights, projection displays, and medical illuminators. In all cases light emitted from a light source can be shaped into a desired target distribution with a reflective surface. Design methods for systems with rotational and translational symmetry were devised in the 1930s. However, the freeform reflector shapes required to illuminate targets with no such symmetries proved to be much more challenging to design. Even when the source is assumed to be a point, the reflector shape is governed by a set of second-order partial non-linear differential equations that cannot be solved with standard numerical integration techniques. An iterative approach to solve the problem for a discrete target, known as the method of supporting ellipsoids, was recently proposed by Oliker. In this research we report several efficient implementations of the method of supporting ellipsoids, based on the point source approximation, and we propose new reflector design techniques that take into account the extent of the source. More specifically, this work has led to three major achievements. First, a thorough analysis of the method of supporting ellipsoids was performed that resulted in two alternative implementations of the algorithm, which enable a fast generation of freeform reflector shapes within the point source approximation. We tailored the algorithm in order to provide control over the parameters of interest to the designers, such as the reflector scale and geometry. Second, the shape generation algorithm was used to analyze how source flux can be mapped onto the target. We derived the condition under which a given source-target mapping can be achieved with a smooth continuous surface, referred as the integrability condition. We proposed a method to derive mappings that satisfy the integrability condition. We then use these mappings to quickly generate reflector shapes that create continuous target distributions as opposed to reflectors generated with the method of supporting ellipsoids that create discrete sets of points on the target. We also show how mappings that do not satisfy the integrability condition can be achieved by introducing step discontinuities in the reflector surface. Third, we investigated two methods to design reflectors with extended sources. The first method uses a compensation approach where the prescribed target distribution is adjusted iteratively. This method is effective for compact sources and systems with rotational or translational symmetry. The second method tiles the source images created by a reflector designed with the method of supporting ellipsoids and then blends the source images together using scattering in order to obtain a continuous target distribution. This latter method is effective for freeform reflectors and target distributions with no sharp variations. Finally, several case studies illustrate how these methods can be successfully applied to design reflectors for general illumination applications such as street lighting or luminaires. We show that the proposed design methods can ease the design of freeform reflectors and provide efficient, cost-effective solutions that avoid unnecessary energy consumption and light pollution.
Ph.D.
Optics and Photonics
Optics and Photonics
Optics PhD
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Yee, Hoshin Hocking. "Semiconductor quantum-well extended cavity lasers and deep-surface gratings for distributed surface Bragg reflector lasers." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309492.

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Holmes, Daniel John. "Surface structure determination by surface extended X-ray absorption fine structure and low energy electron diffraction." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235773.

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Books on the topic "Extended surface"

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1939-, Aziz A., and Welty James R, eds. Extended surface heat transfer. New York: John Wiley, 2001.

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Kraus, Allan D. Extended Surface Heat Transfer. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2000.

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Malone, Philip E. Surface ship shock modeling and simulation: Extended investigation. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 2000.

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Ainsworth, Simon. Surface EXAFS (extended X-ray absorption fine structure) studies of adsorbates on surfaces. [s.l.]: typescript, 1986.

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Solids and surfaces: A chemist's view of bonding in extended structures. Weinheim: VCH, 1989.

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Hoffmann, Roald. Solids and surfaces: A chemist's view of bonding in extended structures. New York, NY: VCH Publishers, 1988.

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Baumeister, Kenneth J. Acoustic propagation in curved ducts with extended reacting wall treatment. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.

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Gensure, John Reynold. Extended surface heat sinks for electronic components: A computer optimization. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1992.

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E, Pahlman J., ed. Zero-surface-charge-controlled drilling for enhanced penetration and extended bit life. Washington, DC: Dept. of the Interior, 1989.

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D'Autrechy, C. Lynne. Autoplan: A self-processing network model for an extended blocks world planning environment. College Park, Md: University of Maryland, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Extended surface"

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Lebert, Déborah, Jérémy Plouzeau, Jean-Philippe Farrugia, Florence Danglade, and Frédéric Merienne. "Synthetic Data Generation for Surface Defect Detection." In Extended Reality, 198–208. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15553-6_15.

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Hashiguchi, Koichi. "Extended Subloading Surface Model." In Foundations of Elastoplasticity: Subloading Surface Model, 257–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48821-9_9.

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Hashiguchi, Koichi. "Extended Subloading Surface Model." In Elastoplasticity Theory, 203–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35849-4_9.

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Hemayed, Elsayed E. "Surface Registration Using Extended Polar Maps." In Computer Vision – ACCV 2006, 938–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11612032_94.

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Schlag, Mareike, Kai Brune, Hauke Brüning, Michael Noeske, Célian Cherrier, Tobias Hanning, Julius Drosten, et al. "Extended Non-destructive Testing for Surface Quality Assessment." In Adhesive Bonding of Aircraft Composite Structures, 119–222. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92810-4_3.

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AbstractThis chapter introduces various extended non-destructive testing (ENDT) techniques for surface quality assessment, which are first characterized, then enhanced, and finally applied to assess the level of pre-bond contaminations intentionally applied to carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) adherends following the procedures described in the previous chapter. Based on two user cases comprising different scenarios that are characteristic of either aeronautical production or repair, the detailed tests conducted on two types of sample geometry, namely flat coupons and scarfed pilot samples with a more complex shape, form the basis for applying the advanced ENDT procedures for the monitoring of realistic and real aircraft parts, as will be described in Chap. 10.1007/978-3-319-92810-4_5. Specifically, the reported investigations were performed to assess the surface quality of first ground and then intentionally contaminated CFRP surfaces using the following ENDT tools: the aerosol wetting test (AWT), optically stimulated electron emission (OSEE), two differently implemented approaches based on electronic noses, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), and laser vibrometry.
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Abe, Hitoshi. "Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure." In Compendium of Surface and Interface Analysis, 177–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6156-1_30.

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Poredda, A., V. A. Lovchikov, and K. Jug. "Development of Sindo1 for Extended Systems." In Cluster Models for Surface and Bulk Phenomena, 641–50. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6021-6_51.

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Hashiguchi, Koichi. "Cyclic Plasticity Model: Extended Subloading Surface Model." In Elastoplasticity Theory, 191–209. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00273-1_8.

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Hernández-Rodríguez, Felipe, and Mario Castelán. "Extended Photometric Sampling for Surface Shape Recovery." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 55–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31149-9_6.

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Smith, David J. "Profile Imaging of Small Particles, Extended Surfaces and Dynamic Surface Phenomena." In Surface and Interface Characterization by Electron Optical Methods, 43–54. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9537-3_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Extended surface"

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Hou, Ming. "Perceptual localization of surface normal." In CHI '99 extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/632716.632754.

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Seow, Steven C., Dennis Wixon, Scott MacKenzie, Giulio Jacucci, Ann Morrison, and Andy Wilson. "Multitouch and surface computing." In the 27th international conference extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1520340.1520736.

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"SURFACE REGISTRATION USING LOCAL SURFACE EXTENDED POLAR MAP." In International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001375601430148.

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Tano, Shun'ichi, and Toshihiko Sugimoto. "Natural hand writing in unstable 3D space with artificial surface." In CHI '01 extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/634067.634276.

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Tano, Shun'ichi, and Toshihiko Sugimoto. "Natural hand writing in unstable 3D space with artificial surface." In CHI '01 extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/634274.634276.

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Cohen-Sabban, Joseph, Jerome Gaillard-Groleas, and Pierre-Jean Crepin. "Quasi-confocal extended field surface sensing." In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, edited by Angela Duparre and Bhanwar Singh. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.450093.

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Plant, Nicola, and Patrick G. T. Healey. "Surface tension." In CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2468356.2479589.

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Hemmert, Fabian. "Interfaces beyond the surface." In the 28th of the international conference extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1753846.1753881.

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Hoover, Paul, Luis E. Cabrera, and Curt Aumiller. "Augmented reality, surface style." In the 28th of the international conference extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1753846.1753851.

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Hördt, A., and M. Bücker. "The Salinity Dependence of Spectral Induced Polarization Studied with an Extended Model of Membrane Polarization." In Near Surface Geoscience 2013. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20131413.

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Reports on the topic "Extended surface"

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Zheng, Y., [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)], and D. A. Shirley. Simple surface structure determination from Fourier transforms of angle-resolved photoemission extended fine structure. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/88786.

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Stoehr, J., E. B. Kollin, D. A. Fischer, J. B. Hastings, F. Zaera, and F. Sette. Surface extended x-ray absorption fine structure of low-Z absorbates using fluorescence detection. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5380906.

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Kellar, S. A., W. R. A. Huff, E. J. Moler, R. Ynzunza, Z. Xin, Y. Chen, C. S. Fadley, Z. Hussain, and D. A. Shirley. The surface structure of (1x1)O/W(110)x12 determined by angle-resolved photoemission extended fine structure. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/603679.

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Wallach, Rony, Tammo Steenhuis, Ellen R. Graber, David DiCarlo, and Yves Parlange. Unstable Flow in Repellent and Sub-critically Repellent Soils: Theory and Management Implications. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7592643.bard.

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Water repellency causes unstable wetting fronts that result in water moving in preferential flowpaths through homogeneous soils as well in structured soils where macropores enhance the preferential flow pattern. Water repellency is typically associated with extended water ponding on the soil surface, but we have found that repellency is important even before the water ponds. Preferential flow fingers can form under conditions where the contact angle is less than 90o, but greater than 0o. This means that even when the soil is considered wettable (i.e., immediate penetration of water), water distribution in the soil profile can be significantly non-uniform. Our work concentrated on various aspects of this subject, with an emphasis on visualizing water and colloid flow in soil, characterizing mathematically the important processes that affect water distribution, and defining the chemical components that are important for determining contact angle. Five papers have been published to date from this research, and there are a number of papers in various stages of preparation.
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Copeland, Ronald, and James Lewis. Technical assessment of the Old, Mississippi, Atchafalaya, and Red (OMAR) Rivers: Mississippi River HEC-6T model. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45160.

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The HEC-6T 1D numerical sedimentation model was used to evaluate the long-term and system-wide sedimentation effects of modifying the operation schedule at the Old River Control Complex (ORCC). The changes evaluated were the increase and decrease of the percentages of flow diverted from the Mississippi River at the ORCC and the modification of the distributions through the four ORCC structures. Also evaluated were dredging scenarios that removed sediment from the bed of the Mississippi River at the ORCC. Sedimentation effects for several operation and dredging scenarios were compared to a Base Condition that represented the existing operation protocols. The predictive simulations extended for 50 years. The model was used to calculate and compare sand transport past various gages along the Mississippi River and in the Outflow Channel. Dredging volumes at the deep-draft crossings and in Southwest Pass and above Head of Passes were compared. Differences in water-surface profiles in the vicinity of ORCC were determined.
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Belytschko, T., K. Mish, N. Moes, and C. Parimi. Structured Extended Finite Element Methods of Solids Defined by Implicit Surfaces. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15004927.

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Hoffman, Roald. Solids and Surfaces: A Chemist's View of Bonding in Extended Structures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada196638.

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8

Donohue, Patrick, Ronald Copeland, and James Lewis. Technical assessment of the Old, Mississippi, Atchafalaya, and Red (OMAR) Rivers : Atchafalaya River HEC-6T model. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45161.

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The HEC-6T one-dimensional numerical sedimentation model was used to evaluate the long-term and system-wide sedimentation effects of modifying the operation schedule at the Old River Control Complex (ORCC). The changes evaluated were increasing and decreasing the percentage of flow that is diverted to the Atchafalaya River from the Mississippi River at the ORCC and modifying the distributions through the four ORCC structures. Sedimentation effects for several operation scenarios were compared to a Base Condition that represented the existing operation protocols. Additionally, a dredging scenario was developed and analyzed. This scenario featured dredging material from the Mississippi River and depositing it into the Outflow Channel, downstream of the ORCC. The predictive simulations extended for 50 years. The model was used to calculate and compare sand transport past various gages along the Atchafalaya River. Also, the model compared differences in water surface elevations and bed elevations using a specific gage analysis at several gages along the Atchafalaya River. Last, the effects of the various scenarios on annual dredging requirements in Berwick Bay were also determined.
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9

Glasscott, Matthew, Johanna Jernberg, Erik Alberts, and Lee Moores. Toward the electrochemical detection of 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43826.

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Analytical methods to rapidly detect explosive compounds with high precision are paramount for applications ranging from national security to environmental remediation. This report demonstrates two proof-of-concept electroanalytical methods for the quantification of 2,4-dinitroanisol (DNAN) and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). For the first time, DNAN reduction was analyzed and compared at a bare graphitic carbon electrode, a polyaniline-modified (PANI) electrode, and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) electrode utilizing PANI to explore the effect of surface-area and preconcentration affinity on the analytical response. Since some explosive compounds such as PETN are not appreciably soluble in water (<10 μg/L), necessitating a different solvent system to permit direct detection via electrochemical reduction. A 1,2-dichloroethane system was explored as a possibility by generating a liquid-liquid extraction-based sensor exploiting the immiscibility of 1,2-dichloroethane and water. The reduction process was explored using a scan rate analysis to extract a diffusion coefficient of 6.67 x 10⁻⁶ cm/s, in agreement with literature values for similarly structured nitrate esters. Once further refined, these techniques may be extended to other explosives and combined with portable electrochemical hardware to bring real-time chemical information to soldiers and citizens alike.
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10

Ward, Andrew, Anthony Falls, and Craig Rutland. Development of smartphone-based semi-prepared runway operations (SPRO) models and methods. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42500.

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The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) has developed a method for predicting surface friction response by use of ground vehicles equipped with deceleration-based measurement devices. Specifically, the ERDC has developed models and measurement methods between the Findlay Irvine Mk2 GripTester and a variety of deceleration measurement devices: Bowmonk AFM2 Mk3, Xsens MTi-G-710, two Android smartphones, and two iOS smartphones. These models show positive correlation between ground vehicle deceleration and fixed-slip surface continuous surface friction measurement. This effort extends prior work conducted by the U.S. Army ERDC in developing highly correlative models between the Findlay Irvine Mk2 GripTester and actual C-17 braking deceleration, measured via the runway condition rating (RCR) system. The models and measurement methods detailed here are of considerable use to semi-prepared airfield managers around the world needing to measure safe landing conditions following inclement weather. This work provides the tools necessary for airfield managers to quantify safe landing conditions for C-17 aircraft by using easily obtainable equipment and simple test standards.
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