Academic literature on the topic 'Extended scope practice'
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Journal articles on the topic "Extended scope practice"
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Harris, Jill. "Implementation of extended scope of practice." Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences 60, no. 4 (December 2013): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmrs.34.
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Tampin, B. "Physiotherapy Extended Scope Practice – erweiterter Aufgabenbereich für Physiotherapeuten." physioscience 5, no. 01 (February 19, 2009): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1109153.
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Ryan, Dominique, Fiona Pelly, and Elizabeth Purcell. "Exploring extended scope of practice in dietetics: A systems approach." Nutrition & Dietetics 74, no. 4 (May 11, 2016): 334–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1747-0080.12283.
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Henderson, I., S. A. Mathers, J. McConnell, and D. Minnoch. "Advanced and extended scope practice of radiographers: The Scottish perspective." Radiography 22, no. 2 (May 2016): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2015.12.002.
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Kersten, Paula, Kath McPherson, Val Lattimer, Steve George, Alice Breton, and Bridget Ellis. "Physiotherapy extended scope of practice – who is doing what and why?" Physiotherapy 93, no. 4 (December 2007): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2007.02.007.
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Ellis, Bridget, and Paula Kersten. "An Exploration of the Developing Role of Hand Therapists as Extended Scope Practitioners." British Journal of Hand Therapy 6, no. 4 (December 2001): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/175899830100600403.
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Extended scope practitioners (ESPs) are specialist occupational therapists and physiotherapists working beyond their recognised scope of practice. The aims of this study were to identify the number, training and scope of practice of hand therapists working as ESPs. Thirty-five ESPs were identified and sent a questionnaire examining aspects of their practice. Thirty-two ESPs (91%) replied. The findings show that the ESPs worked in four models of practice: own clinic environment, rheumatology, preoperative and post-operative clinics. Their activities included making diagnoses, injections, joint aspirations and wound care. ESPs referred patients for surgery, investigative procedures and therapy. Training was largely experiential and there were unmet training needs. It can be concluded from this study that ESPs are undertaking aspects of care that traditionally have been undertaken by doctors and nurses. The development of ESPs has training implications.
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Matthews, Kylie L., Michelle A. Palmer, and Sandra M. Capra. "Dietitians’ opinions regarding refeeding syndrome, clinical guidelines and extended scope of practice." Nutrition & Dietetics 75, no. 4 (April 30, 2018): 397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1747-0080.12429.
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Milner, R., M. A. Harris, S. Morrissey, L. Field, and B. Snaith. "Letter re: Advanced and extended scope of practice of radiographers: The Scottish perspective." Radiography 22, no. 3 (August 2016): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2016.02.005.
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Ruston, Sally A. "Extended scope practitioners and clinical specialists: A place in rural health?" Australian Journal of Rural Health 16, no. 3 (June 2008): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1584.2008.00962.x.
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Henderson, I., and S. A. Mathers. "Response to letter re: Advanced and extended scope of practice of radiographers: The Scottish perspective." Radiography 22, no. 3 (August 2016): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2016.04.005.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Extended scope practice"
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Kristina, Knezevic Harris. "An investigation of the extended application of the Oxford Knee Score in research and clinical practice." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:74642889-0433-4ba1-9deb-19be9a9274fd.
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The Oxford Knee Score (OKS) is a popular single summary questionnaire developed to measure the effect of knee replacement surgery from the patients' perspective. There has been a recent interest in the use of the OKS in populations of patients and in roles it has not been originally developed for. To date, no evidence has been provided about the measurement properties of the OKS when it is used outside the context or purpose for which it was originally designed. The general aim of this thesis is to investigate the measurement properties of the OKS when used in extended roles: a) within the population for which the OKS was originally intended and developed for (knee replacement) and, b) when applied on a different population, viz. patients undergoing non-operative treatment for knee osteoarthritis (OA). Four existing large-scale databases of patients undergoing knee replacement surgery and a database obtained from a prospective study on patients undergoing non-surgical management for knee OA were analyzed. The results demonstrate that: 1) it is possible to extract separate information on pain and functional disability from the OKS in a meaningful way (in the form of subscales). 2) For the first time, anchor-based Minimal Important Change (MIC) of 9 points and Minimal Important Difference (MID) of 5 points were established for joint replacement surgery. 3) The OKS demonstrated satisfactory evidence reliability, validity, responsiveness, and interpretability, when used in patients who are undergoing non-operative management for their knee OA. 4) Further evidence of validity was demonstrated by fitting the OKS to the Rasch model. 5) Lastly, it was demonstrated that thresholds can be applied on the OKS to distinguish between patients who consider their knee problem to be severe enough to warrant joint replacement surgery versus patients who do not. This supports the potential use of the OKS in decision making aids for secondary care referral. Overall the thesis provides critical evidence, not previously existing, to support the continued use, and extended use, of the OKS in orthopaedic medicine.
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George, Gunapal Pradeep Paul. "Health technology assessment of online eLearning for post-registration health professionals’ education." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/117936.
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Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to undertake and report the findings of a health technology assessment (HTA) on the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and acceptability of online and LAN-based eLearning, and blended learning, among post-registration healthcare professionals. Methods: This HTA comprised three studies. The first study was a systematic review of 93 randomised controlled trials evaluating the effectiveness of online and LAN-based eLearning on physicians' knowledge, skills, attitude and satisfaction. The second study compared the cost, cost-savings and return on investment between a blended and a face-to-face advanced cardiac life support course for physicians in Singapore. The third study was an online survey that assessed the acceptability of the technology among a sample of optometrists and opticians in Singapore and their scope of practice, primary eye care knowledge, views on extended roles in primary eye care, preferred mode of learning for continuing professional education, and referral behaviour. Results: The systematic review showed that online and LAN-based eLearning or blended learning compared with self-directed or face-to-face learning resulted in higher post-intervention knowledge scores (21 studies; small to large effect size; very poor quality); higher post-intervention skills scores (seven studies; large effect size; low quality); higher attitude scores (one study; very low quality); higher post-intervention satisfaction (four studies; large effect size; low quality); and higher post-intervention practice or behaviour changes (eight studies; large effect size; low quality) among physicians in the intervention groups. Fourteen studies compared eLearning with other forms of eLearning. Among these, four studies reported higher post-intervention knowledge scores (large effect size; very low quality) for participants in the intervention group. Unintended or adverse effects of the intervention were not reported among the included studies. Ninety-three studies (N=16,895) were included of which seventy-six studies compared ODE (including blended) vs self-directed/face-to-face learning. Overall the effect of ODE (including blended) on post-intervention knowledge, skills, attitude, satisfaction, practice or behaviour change and patient outcomes was inconsistent and ranged mostly from no difference between the groups to higher post-intervention score in the intervention group (small to large effect size, very low to low quality evidence). Twenty-one studies reported higher knowledge score (small to large effect size; very low quality) for the intervention while 20 studies reported no difference in knowledge between the groups. Seven studies reported higher skill score in the intervention (large effect size; low quality) while thirteen studies reported no difference in skill score between the groups. One study reported higher attitude score for the intervention (very low quality), while 4 studies reported no difference in attitude score between the groups. Four studies reported higher post-intervention physician satisfaction with the intervention (large effect size; low quality), while six studies reported no difference in satisfaction between the groups. Eight studies reported higher post-intervention practice or behaviour change for the ODE group (small to moderate effect size; low quality) while five studies reported no difference in practice or behaviour change between the groups. One study reported higher improvement in patient outcome, while three others reported no difference in patient outcome between the groups. None of the included studies reported any unintended/adverse effects, cost-effectiveness of the interventions. Although the review only focused on post-registration medical doctors, the technology could be used for the interprofessional education of post-registration medical doctors and other healthcare professionals. Such an initiative would encourage collaborative learning and facilitate task-shifting, which could address the problem of fragmentation in health care. Although eLearning and blended learning technology interventions have been implemented, primary studies have not assessed their cost-effectiveness. Hence, to ascertain the technology’s cost-saving potential, we used a blended advanced cardiac life support (B-ACLS) course as an exemplar and compared its cost to face-to-face advanced life support (F-ACLS) training. The analysis showed that the annual cost of F-ACLS training (USD$72,793) was 1.7 times higher than B-ACLS training (USD$43,467). The discounted total cost of training over the life of the course (5-years) was SGD $107,960 for B-ACLS and S$280,162 for F-ACLS. The cost of productivity loss accounted for 52% and 23% of the costs for F-ACLS and B-ACLS, respectively. B-ACLS yielded a 160% return on the money invested, yielding $1.60 for every dollar spent. There would be a 61% saving for course providers if they delivered a B-ACLS instead of F-ACLS course. The effectiveness component of the HTA showed that online eLearning and blended learning is as effective as traditional learning and has cost-saving potential. We also sought to determine if this technology could be used to train and equip optometrists and opticians in Singapore to take on an extended role in primary care, which would allow some simple primary eye care tasks to be shifted from ophthalmologists to optometrists and ease healthcare access issues at specialist hospital outpatient clinics. The survey of optometrists showed that the current roles of opticians and optometrists in Singapore were limited to diagnostic refraction (92%); colour vision assessment (65%); contact lens fitting and dispensing (62%) amongst others. The average self-rated primary eye care knowledge score was 8.2 ± 1.4; (score range 1-10; 1 = very poor, 10 = excellent). Average self-rated confidence scores for screening for cataract, diabetic retinopathy, chronic glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration were 2.7 ± 1.5; 3.7 ± 1.9; 4.0 ± 1.0 and 2.7 ± 1.5, respectively. Three fourths of the optometrists surveyed felt that they should undertake regular continuing professional education (CPE) to improve their primary eye care knowledge. Blended learning (eLearning and traditional face-to-face lectures) was the most preferred mode (46.8%) for CPE delivery. Conclusions: Overall, the findings from the HTA provide evidence of effectiveness, cost-saving of online eLearning and blended learning for training medical doctors and the acceptance of the technology in a local context to facilitate its wider adoption for training post-registration healthcare professionals’. These research outputs would have direct impact on the adoption of online eLearning, blended learning technologies in universities and educational institutes across the region with consequent impacts on post-registration health professionals’ education and policy. The results of learning will serve as a guide for policy makers to decide on investment in the learning technology and to learn about the associated factors, which would influence its adoption. This thesis resulted in three papers, of which one has been accepted for publication, the two other papers are under review.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Adelaide Medical School, 2018
Books on the topic "Extended scope practice"
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H, Kinley, and National Co-ordinating Centre for HTA (Great Britain), eds. Extended scope of nursing practice: A multicentre randomised controlled trial of appropriately trained nurses and pre-registration house officers in pre-operative assessment in elective general surgery. Alton: Core research on behalf of NCCHTA, 2001.
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Markus S, Rieder, and Kreindler Richard. 2 The Arbitration Agreement. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199676811.003.0002.
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This chapter explores the arbitration agreement from a variety of perspectives, first looking at the required content and the validity of an arbitration agreement. As an agreement, it is subject to grounds before invalidity and, once found valid, subject to interpretation. In order to qualify as an arbitration agreement, it must relate to a dispute within a defined legal relationship and must provide for arbitration for binding conflict resolution. The chapter then outlines the scope, effects, and issues of the termination of an arbitration agreement. Under German practice, the personal scope of the arbitration agreement extends to its parties, and in certain limited circumstances, it may also extend to third parties. The chapter concludes with typical additional contents of arbitration agreements, in particular with regard to the place of arbitration, the language of the proceedings, the selection of the applicable substantive law, and the selection ad hoc or institutional arbitration.
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Westney, D. Eleanor. Japan. Edited by Alan M. Rugman. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199234257.003.0022.
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Japanese MNEs are arguably the most studied population of MNEs next to those from the United States, and in some aspects — particularly the extent to which home country practices and systems are carried across borders — they have been more exhaustively analysed than those from any other country. Summarizing this extensive literature poses a formidable challenge. This article tries to accomplish three things. First, it provides an overview of the scope, timing, and destination of Japanese foreign direct investment (FDI) — three of the fundamental topics of interest in international business — in order to supply a basic map of when and where Japanese companies extended their operations abroad. Second, it takes the research on Japanese MNEs conducted in the 1970s as a benchmark to examine their evolution over time. Finally, it briefly looks at Japan as a host country for foreign multinationals.
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Tay, Louis, and James O. Pawelski, eds. The Oxford Handbook of the Positive Humanities. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190064570.001.0001.
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The Oxford Handbook of the Positive Humanities is the foundational scientific reference for the new and rapidly growing field of the Positive Humanities, an emerging interdisciplinary domain of inquiry and practice focused on the arts and humanities in relation to human flourishing. This Handbook comprises 38 chapters authored by nearly 70 leading experts across a wide range of academic disciplines. The volume begins with an overview of the science and culture of human flourishing, covering historical and current trends in this literature. Next, contributors consider the well-being benefits of engagement with the arts and humanities, identifying neurological, cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and social pathways to human flourishing. These pathways lead to detailed investigations of individual fields within the arts and humanities, including music, art, theatre, film, literature, philosophy, history, and religion. Along the way, the book synthesizes theory, research, and exemplary practice, concluding with thought-provoking discussions of avenues for public engagement and policy. With its expansive coverage of both the field as a whole and specialized disciplinary and interdisciplinary drivers, this Handbook advances the literature on the theory and science of well-being and extends the scope of the arts and humanities.
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Hogan, Patrick Colm. Sexual Identities. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190857790.001.0001.
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Cognitive cultural theorists have rarely taken up sex, sexuality, or gender identity. When they have done so, they have often stressed the evolutionary sources of gender differences. In Sexual Identities, Patrick Hogan extends his previous work on identity to discuss the complexities of sex, the diversity of sexuality, and the limited scope of gender. Hogan begins with a rarely drawn distinction between practical identity (the patterns in what one does, thinks, and feels) and categorial identity (how one labels oneself or is categorized by society). He adds to this a nuanced reformulation of the idea of social construction, distinguishing ideology, situational determination, shallow socialization, and deep (or critical period) socialization. On the basis of this, and wide-ranging citation of empirical research, Hogan argues for a systematic skepticism about gender differences and a view of sexuality as evolved but also in many ways contingent and highly variable. In Hogan’s analysis, the variability of sexuality and the near absence of gender fixity—the imperfect alignment of practical and categorial identities in both cases—give rise to the social practices that Judith Butler refers to as “regulatory regimes.” Hogan goes on to explore the cognitive and affective operation of such regimes. Hogan concludes by turning to sex and the question of how to understand transgendering in a way that respects the dignity of transgender people, without reverting to gender essentialism. Throughout the study, Hogan draws on a diverse body of literary works, not simply to illustrate prior arguments, but to develop his analyses.
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Doud, Tim, and Zoë Charlton, eds. Out of Place: Artists, Pedagogy, and Purpose. punctum books, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53288/0367.1.00.
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Broad in scope, Out of Place: Artists, Pedagogy, and Purpose presents an overview of the different paths taken by artists and artist collectives as they navigate their way from formative experiences into pedagogy. Focusing on the realms in- and outside the academy (the places and persons involved in post-secondary education) and the multiple forms and functions of pedagogy (practices of learning and instruction), the contributions in this volume engage individual and collective artistic practices as they adapt to meet the factors and historical conditions of the people and communities they serve through solidarity, equity, and creativity. With this critically, historicist approach in mind, the contributions in Out of Place historicize, study, critique, revise, reframe, and question the academy, its operations and exclusions. The extensive range of contributions, emphasizing community-oriented projects both inside and outside the United States, is grouped into three overarching categories: artists who work in academic institutions but whose social and pedagogical engagement extends beyond the walls of the academy; artists who engage in pedagogical initiatives or forms of institutional critique that were established outside of an art school or university setting; and artist–scholars who are doing transformative and inter/transdisciplinary work within their respective institutions. Collectives and projects represented in Out of Place comprise Art Practical, Axis Lab, BFAMFAPhD, Beta-Local, Black Lunch Table Project, The Black School, The Center for Undisciplined Research, Devening Projects, ds4si, Elsewhere, Ghana ThinkTank, Gudskul, The Icebox Project Space, Las Hermanas Iglesias, The Laundromat Project, Occupy Museums, Peebls, PlantBot Genetics, Queer Conversations on Culture and the Arts, Related Tactics, Side by Side, ‘sindikit, Sustainable Native Communities Collaborative, and Tiger Strikes Asteriod.
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Fazan, Katarzyna, Michal Kobialka, and Bryce Lease, eds. A History of Polish Theatre. Cambridge University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108619028.
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Poland is celebrated internationally for its rich and varied performance traditions and theatre histories. This groundbreaking volume is the first in English to engage with these topics across an ambitious scope, incorporating Staropolska, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Enlightenment and Romanticism within its broad ambit. The book also discusses theatre cultures under socialism, the emergence of canonical practitioners and training methods, the development of dramaturgical forms and stage aesthetics and the political transformations attending the ends of the First and Second World Wars. Subjects of far-reaching transnational attention such as Jerzy Grotowski and Tadeusz Kantor are contextualised alongside theatre makers and practices that have gone largely unrecognized by international readers, while the participation of ethnic minorities in the production of national culture is given fresh attention. The essays in this collection theorise broad historical trends, movements, and case studies that extend the discursive limits of Polish national and cultural identity.
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Vannier, Marion. Normalizing Extreme Imprisonment. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827825.001.0001.
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Normalizing Extreme Imprisonment offers a new explanation for how penal reforms and those driving them can end up normalizing, in the sense of making the public view as acceptable, incredibly severe punitive practices. Since its introduction in 1978 as an alternative to the death penalty, there has been a dramatic increase and expansion of life without parole (LWOP) in the United States, including beyond the scope of capital crimes for which it was originally conceived. Despite this growth, limited attention has been given to this punishment and very few attempts made to narrow its scope or curtail its proliferation. Emerging scholarship suggests the punishment has been ‘normalized’, in part because of how some death penalty abolitionists have framed and used LWOP. Drawing upon a range of evidence and using the development of LWOP in the Californian death penalty context over 40 years as an example, this book significantly deepens and extends this claim to offer a new explanation for how extreme forms of imprisonment become normalized. To discuss the extent to which some opponents to the death penalty may have facilitated, participated in, or perhaps even animated the three main normalizing mechanisms (visibility, denial, and routinization), this book focuses on three sites where death penalty abolitionists have lobbied, campaigned, pled and settled, for LWOP, namely Congress, the broader political sphere, and courtrooms. The book then contrasts these representations of LWOP’s severity with prisoners’ lived experiences detailed in an exceptional set of 299 letters.
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Holland, Nola Nolen. Music Fundamentals for Dance. Human Kinetics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781718212855.
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Music Fundamentals for Dance provides students with a fundamental understanding of music and how it applies to dance performance, composition, and teaching. This valuable reference helps professional choreographers, dance educators, and dancers expand their knowledge of music and understand the relationships between music and dance. Fundamentals of Music for Dance helps dancers understand of the elements of music—form and structure, musical time, melody, texture, and score reading—and how they relate to dance performance and choreography. They will learn music vocabulary for easier communication with other dancers, musicians, and conductors. Overviews of musical forms, styles, and genres are complemented by an examination of their relation to dance and choreography. Each chapter ends with exercises, activities, and projects that offer students a range of active learning experiences to connect music fundamentals to their dance training. An accompanying web resource contains these features: • Extended learning activities and support materials, including practice opportunities combining music skills with dance or choreography, chapter summaries, a glossary, websites, and handouts to help students practice music skills • Music clips on the website offer ready-made examples, which students can use in applying concepts from the book Written by an experienced dance educator, dancer, and choreographer, Music Fundamentals for Dance is the only current text that explains essential concepts of music and examines these concepts in relation to dance performance, composition, and teaching. By providing readers with a foundation of music knowledge, Music Fundamentals for Dance assists both future and current professionals in understanding the art form that will enhance their contributions as performers, choreographers, and educators.
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Krieg, C. Parker, and Reetta Toivanen, eds. Situating Sustainability: A Handbook of Contexts and Concepts. Helsinki University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33134/hup-14.
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Situating Sustainability reframes our understanding of sustainability through related concepts, practices, and case studies. The point of departure is the continual need to be conscious of how environmental knowledge and sustainability are issues constituted by long-standing inequalities. This book addresses the necessity in sustainability science to recognize how diverse cultural histories define environmental politics today. The differing geographic scope of this volume is joined by the disciplinary diversity of the contributors and their wide-ranging areas of specialization, bringing together researchers from cultural studies, anthropology, literature, law, behavioral science, urban studies, design, and development. As a truly transdisciplinary work, Situating Sustainability calls for research guided by the humanities and social sciences in collaboration with local actors informed by histories of place. The authors of this volume believe that situating sustainability cannot limit itself to the geographic borders of nations, epistemic standpoints, or to unmasking perspectives that falsely present themselves as objective or universal. The approach includes not only material practices like extraction or disaster recovery, but extends into the domains of human rights, education, and academic interdisciplinarity. Researchers are joined by artists whose work provides a platform to conduct research at the edges of performance, knowledge production, and critical commentary on socio-ecological infrastructures. All this will enable readers to better understand what sustainability means (or might yet mean) in their own locations, and how work in one place might support the efforts of others in other places. Designed for students, scholars, and interested readers, Situating Sustainability introduces the conceptual practices that inform the leading edge of engaged research in sustainability.
Book chapters on the topic "Extended scope practice"
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Fulford, Bill. "Surprised by Values: An Introduction to Values-Based Practice and the Use of Personal Narratives in This Book." In International Perspectives in Values-Based Mental Health Practice, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47852-0_1.
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AbstractThis chapter provides an introduction to the book. Section 2 explains some of the features of values that have shaped values-based practice. Section 3 outlines the key framework elements of values-based practice and describes how this book extends its scope from individual to cultural values. Section 4 , explains the organisation of the book around the framework elements of values-based practice. Section 5 justifies the prominent role given to personal narratives in the book: just as randomised controlled trials are among the best ways to learn about evidence, so, we argue, are personal narratives among the best ways to learn about values. A linking theme of the chapter is the many surprises presented by values in the context of contemporary person-centred clinical care.
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Levy, Daniel C. "University Leadership: Slippage from Abiding to Peremptory Roles?" In The Promise of Higher Education, 275–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67245-4_43.
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AbstractOur university leadership strongly encourages you to attend today’s session on _____. This topic is of the utmost importance to us all.” Such urging populates the Inboxes of faculty, workers, and students at U.S. universities. They come from presidents, vice-presidents, deans, directors of diversity and inclusion offices, coordinators of training and development, and subordinates in the enlarging bureaucracy mobilized to support this leadership. Seminars train employees with “best practices” to improve their “cultural competencies” and correct their deficiencies. Meanwhile, senior administration’s moral purview extends to pronouncements on the political controversies of the day. Taken together, these internal and external roles mark huge scope for university leadership. Since when? Who signed such a contract when hired as faculty or paying tuition?
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Szaraniec, Monika. "Insurance Outsourcing: A Legal Analysis." In AIDA Europe Research Series on Insurance Law and Regulation, 71–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85817-9_4.
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AbstractOutsourcing plays an important role in the operation of insurance and reinsurance companies. This article aims to define the legal conditions of insurance outsourcing and their evaluation by the author. The example of limiting the scope of outsourcing in the activities of insurance and reinsurance companies in the Polish law shows its specificity compared to other outsourcing in business. This specificity lies primarily in the need to control insurance outsourcing by the EU and national supervisory authorities. There is a tendency in the law to extend the regulations related to insurance outsourcing to the further performance of a process, service or activity by insurance companies, particularly in the field of cooperation of traditional distributors with Insurtech. The lack of legal regulations forces EIOPA to look for appropriate and effective legal solutions in the field of supervision over insurance outsourcing. This process is mainly based on self-regulation of the market through ‘soft law’—this practice sets new tasks for the EU and national regulators.
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van Wynsberghe, Aimee. "Responsible Robotics and Responsibility Attribution." In Robotics, AI, and Humanity, 239–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54173-6_20.
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AbstractThis paper stresses the centrality of human responsibility as the necessary foundation for establishing clear robotics policies and regulations; responsibility not on the part of a robot’s hardware or software, but on the part of the humans behind the machines—those researching and developing robotics. Simply put, we need responsible robotics. Responsible robotics is a term that has recently ‘come into vogue’, yet an understanding of what responsible robotics means is still in development. In light of both the complexity of development (i.e. the many hands involved) and the newness of robot development (i.e. few regulatory boards established to ensure accountability), there is a need to establish procedures to assign future responsibilities among the actors involved in a robot’s development and implementation. The three alternative laws of responsible robotics by Murphy and Wood play a formidable contribution to the discussion; however, they repeat the difficulty that Asimov introduced, that is, laws in general, whether they are for the robot or for the roboticist, are incomplete when put into practice. The proposal here is to extend the three alternative laws of responsible robotics into a more robust framework for responsibility attribution as part of the responsible robotics goal. This framework requires making explicit various factors: the type of robot, the stage of robot development, the intended sector of use, and the manner of robot acquisition. With this in mind, one must carefully consider the scope of the ethical issue in question and determine the kind of responsibility attributed to said actor(s).
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Heffer, Chris. "Trust, Cooperation, and Insincerity." In All Bullshit and Lies?, 27–56. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190923280.003.0002.
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This chapter teases out some key theoretical issues relating to the scope, ethics, and situated analysis of insincerity, as one of the two faces of untruthfulness. It begins by grounding sincerity in an indispensable human need for trust and cooperation and notes how insincerity can breach trust. It then gives arguments for why the TRUST framework does not focus on deception. Grice’s implicature is considered fundamental to understanding insincerity within a framework of communicative cooperation, but his sincerity maxim unnecessarily narrows its scope. Instead, insincerity is viewed as the disruption of inquiry. By drawing on a psychological account of how untruthfulness works in situated discursive practice, the chapter argues that the concept of insincerity needs to be extended to cases of “editing out” where there is no textual clue to omission. This broadened conception of insincerity, which subsumes misleading and lying under withholding, is termed discursive insincerity.
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Mahoney, Ewing. "Surveillance and the Industrial Purge." In MI5, the Cold War, and the Rule of Law, 305–42. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198818625.003.0011.
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This chapter examines the vetting and purging of workers in the private sector. It was the ‘longstanding practice’ even before the Cold War that the purge and other security procedures extended well beyond the civil service into private industry. This ‘longstanding practice’ could operate only because of the surveillance work undertaken by MI5, in both compiling and maintaining the blacklist of Communist Party members. In the case of the private-sector exclusion of Communists, it was left to MI5 to secure the removal of workers to whom the Service objected: MI5 may have had no authority, but it had power. One question for this chapter is thus the legal issues surrounding such intervention and the potential legal liabilities to which it could give rise, while another is the scope of the authority and the manner and circumstances in which intervention might take place. However, the underlying theme is the question of accountability.
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Raymond, Mark. "Conclusion." In Social Practices of Rule-Making in World Politics, 236–50. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190913113.003.0007.
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The concluding chapter summarizes the main argument of the book concerning the nature and operation of social practices of rule-making and reviews the main findings from the four empirical cases. It then discusses the book’s significance. It sheds light on how to resolve comparability issues and investigate scope conditions among various proposed mechanisms for creating shared knowledge such as rules and institutions. It extends the range of applications of the practice-turn to the practice of rule-making, and identifies synergies between rule and practice constructivisms. It also demonstrates that the study of social practices of rule-making improves existing explanations of change in international systems. In doing so, it highlights the importance of these practices to contemporary global governance, as well as the overlooked importance of global governance for the study of international systems and world orders. Finally, it demonstrates the book’s utility for studying hierarchy and authority in world politics.
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Berdud, Carlos Espaliú. "Activating the Mutual Assistance Clause of the Treaty on the European Union and the Right of Self-defence." In How International Law Works in Times of Crisis, 71–92. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198849667.003.0006.
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Following the 2015 Paris attacks, one of the most discussed issues is whether the Paris incidents constitute an ‘armed attack’ requisite to trigger the right of self-defence in light of the wording of Article 51 of the UN Charter of 1945. Indeed, should the responses of the Member States to the Paris attacks, activating the mutual assistance clause, be seen as a move towards the formation of a new customary rule reshaping the content of the right of individual or collective self-defence in accordance with Article 51 of UN Charter and customary law? Or should that invocation of Article 42 (7) TEU be considered a violation of the UN Charter law of self-defence? This chapter examines the textual and contextual elements of Article 51 of the UN Charter and the practice of States since then, mainly in the context of the activity of the UN Security Council. After a careful examination of those elements, it concludes that if it can be said that the existing rule in international law in both conventional and customary law allowing states to have recourse to the use of force in self-defence can only be legally exercised in the presence of an armed attack committed by a state, it can be argued that the current practice of states appears to be heading in another direction. For the drafters of Article 51 of the UN Charter the right of self-defence was already ‘inherent’. If they had been in the current situation, they may have extended this right to cases of major terrorist attacks. In view of this context, the invocation of Article 42 (7) TEU in response to a serious terrorist attack, like those in Paris in November 2015, cannot be considered a violation of Article 51 of the UN Charter. Many of the EU Member States are prepared to entertain a new interpretation of that provision, at least that portion which respects the scope of the ratione personae.
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Bradley, Richard, Colin Haselgrove, Marc Vander Linden, and Leo Webley. "Setting the Scene." In The Later Prehistory of North-West Europe. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199659777.003.0006.
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In 2008, the Danish prehistorian Kristian Kristiansen considered the need for an ‘archaeology of Europe’. The article was one of a series in which he discussed intellectual developments in the discipline. His argument is directly relevant to our project. Kristiansen (2008) identified a series of changes in the practice of archaeology and, in particular, in the scale at which research has been conducted. Such changes reflected broader theoretical trends in the discipline. There was the alternation between ‘rational’ and ‘romantic’ approaches that had been identified by Andrew Sherratt (1997). It operated on a twenty-five to thirty-year cycle and extended from the nineteenth century to the present day. There was a political cycle in which prehistoric archaeology was influenced to varying extents by broader developments in contemporary society. In particular, it was coloured by different conceptions of cultural heritage, beginning with the rise of the nation-state. Finally, there was a funding cycle to which these features were closely related. At different times research was confined within modern borders, or scholars were encouraged to work in larger teams and over a more extensive area. All these trends could be illustrated by the scope of regional, national, and international journals and by the languages in which the results of the research were published. Such issues were particularly relevant to intellectual history. Kristiansen suggested that the adoption of particular theoretical perspectives was closely related to that question of scale. Approaches which looked for general patterns among prehistoric societies tended to discuss large regions, as might be expected of projects which adopted a comparative approach. They were characterized by rationalism, and in Britain, the Netherlands, and Scandinavia were influenced by American processual archaeology. At the same time the emphasis on large-scale regularities existed in a certain tension with approaches coloured by romanticism. They showed a greater concern with the practices and beliefs of individual communities and are sometimes described as post-processual. Because these different approaches were favoured at different times, it was hard to bring them into alignment, so that the work of one generation might be geographically extensive, while its successors would focus on a single region.
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Gonçalves, Fernando Abreu, and José Figueiredo. "Innovating Practices in Managing Engineering Design Projects." In Management Science, Logistics, and Operations Research, 81–95. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4506-6.ch006.
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We can address innovation from different perspectives. In engineering practices we can look to changes resulting from attempts to discover ways of overcoming difficulties. How can we manage these innovative practices in engineering design projects? Furthering our perspective we use an actor-network way to look at change processes as chains of translations between heterogeneous actors that are enrolled in changes and where patterns of action are inscribed in durable manners. In an actor-network, the chains of inscriptions are stronger if the number of aligned actors is bigger, and this is the case of engineering projects where the cost of change builds up with time. Through the use of some stylized situations, the authors construct a Perturbation Index to obtain numeric values to assess the dynamics of innovations in engineering practices. The aim is that the application of this index to real situations could lead to meaningful descriptions of such innovation processes. Managing innovation in engineering design projects has to do with the management of project scope. The proposal extends scope management from its definition and planning phases through the control of changes along the execution.
Conference papers on the topic "Extended scope practice"
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Chin, Jessica, Ibrahim Zeid, and Sagar Kamarthi. "Evidence-Based Best Practices: Wound Healing Tracking and Assessment." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62844.
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Standard medical practice is known to have a history of varying definition of “standard”. As with any industry with multiple entities, each entity defines their standards and expectations according to what they believe is their customers’ (i.e. patients) needs and preferences. Recently, our research on developing a predictive wound care assessment methodology and system has extended our study into analyzing evidence-based best practices in wound care clinics. Our research on wound healing predictive model systems, revealed key differences in operational practice between the clinics that were visited in different institutional settings. The scope of this study evaluates our observed wound care practice and wound care treatment to determine if there is a common set of effective practice that can be developed to better standardize care. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the operational practice and procedures at various community and teaching hospitals to determine if there is an ideal combination of tools and standard techniques that would be most beneficial to patient wound care. This paper will focus on methods of patient wound care. We will then present a model of “Evidence-Based Best Practices of Wound Care Assessment” that is based on the observation and interactions with various hospitals.
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Howard, John A., Ruggero Trevisan, Albert McSpadden, and Simon Glover. "History, Evolution, and Future of Casing Design Theory and Practice." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206183-ms.
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Abstract Casing design and the associated load assumptions have evolved considerably over the last 30 years. The objective of this paper is to trace the history, evolution and future of casing design by means of the type of load cases and the assumptions made for them as it evolved from the early 1960's to the modern load case requirements for wells drilled in the 2020's. The vast majority of tubular failures in oil & gas wells are not attributable to computational errors in calculating design loads, but rather are due to a shortfall in considering the appropriate load scenarios. One common shortfall includes making incorrect or oversimplified assumptions for the initial and final temperature and pressure conditions. There is no industry standard for casing or tubing design loads, but there is an industry accepted standard process for the calculation of the stress on tubulars once the load cases are determined. Each operating company may use a different set of load assumptions depending on the well type and risk assessment. This work also keeps in view the major computational tools used during each step change of the casing design evolution: slide rule/nomographs, HP 41C calculators, PC DOS and Windows programs, and the latest Cloud-Native paradigm with REST API's within a microservices architecture. A REST API (also known as RESTful API) is an Application Programming Interface (API) that conforms to the constraints of Representational State Transfer (REST) architectural style commonly used in current Cloud computing technology. The scope will also include ongoing research and development to address shortcomings of previous load case assumptions and calculations for extended reach and HPHT wells, closely spaced wells, and geothermal wells. Modern wells and modern casing design load cases are in a constant state of evolution and casing failures will occur unless engineers and their tools also evolve.
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Šokinjov, Stefan. "ODGOVORNOST TREĆIH LICA ZA KRŠENjE KARTELNE ZABRANE U PRAVU KONKURENCIJE EVROPSKE UNIJE." In XV Majsko savetovanje: Sloboda pružanja usluga i pravna sigurnost. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xvmajsko.791s.
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Since decision in Italian cast glass case of 17th December 1980 European Commission considers independent service providers liable for facilitation of cartel implementation. Such legal stance of European Commission was confirmed by the judgment of Court of European Union brought in Heat stabilizers case (C-194/14 P so called Treuhand II). This way the scope of cartel prohibition is noticeable extended. Striving to penalize and to prevent creation of new forms of collusion with assistance of undertakings which are not active on the markets concerned by the restriction of competition the Court extensively interpreted elements of cartel prohibition conception especially the notions of undertaking, agreement between undertakings and distortion of competition by object and concluded that nothing in the Article 81(1) EC (now Art. 101(1) of TFEU) limits the scope of cartel prohibition to “(i) the undertakings operating on the market affected by the restrictions of competition or indeed the markets upstream or downstream of that market or neighbouring markets or (ii) undertakings which restrict their freedom of action on a particular market under an agreement or as a result of a concerted practice” (rec. 34). Providing that an agreement between undertakings is the expression of the concurrence of wills of at least two parties, the form in which the concurrence is expressed not being by itself decisive (rec. 28), it follows that scope of cartel prohibition embraces “all agreements and concerted practices which, in either horizontal or vertical relationships, distort competition on the common market, irrespective of the market on which parties operate, and that only the commercial conduct of one of the parties need be affected by the terms of arrangements in question” (rec. 35). Whereas the liability of independent third person is not explicitly prescribed, such judiciary interpretation can be challenged from several reasons. First, it is generally accepted that (Community) legislation, in particular where there is а possibility of imposition of penalties must be clear and precise. With regard to opponent opinions given by Advocate General Wahl and scholars as well, independent service providers’ responsibility for facilitation of cartel implementation is obviously not laid down clearly and precisely. The second objection concerns the accessorial nature of a service agreement to a cartel agreement. Liability of independent service providers should not be dependent on market behavior of cartel participants. It must be regulated as an autonomous infringement. And third, activity of cartel facilitators cannot cause circumvention of the Anti-trust law. Complication of cartel detectability yes but circumvention of Anti-trust law no because the prohibition of the basic anti-trust conduct remains untouched.
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Lethole, Lieketseng, June Palmer, and Edwin de Klerk. "EXPLORING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TEACHER LEADERSHIP IN LESOTHO HIGH SCHOOLS." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end133.
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Whilst teacher leadership is an evolving concept with a potential that has yet to be realized, the fostering of teachers’ leadership growth remains a sustainability element in education worldwide. Teacher leadership for sustainability indicates a fresh and extended consideration of leadership emphasising sustainability principles and providing leadership that transforms the school environment while engaging in collaborative efforts to do so. Located in the interpretive paradigm, this qualitative study sought to elicit the views of Heads of department (HoDs) and District Education Managers (DEMs) in Lesotho high schools to explore the views they consider most relevant in developing teacher leadership skills to ensure leadership succession as sustainable practice. The findings reveal that to achieve sustainable teacher leadership, there is a need to withdraw from a top-down hierarchical model of leadership towards more flexible, transformative, and empowering approaches to leadership. Furthermore, in order to maintain sustainable teacher leadership, HoDs and DEMs must be innovative in providing reflective plans for professional development that can sustain teachers throughout their careers and foster learning environments that are healthy for teachers, learners, and the school. The study recommends that school leaders should mobilise the leadership expertise of teachers in their schools in order to create more chances for transformation and capacity building. Sustainable teacher leadership can help bring about great improvements in a school, including extending the scope of leadership beyond what the HoDs and DEMs cannot achieve alone, and building their relationship capacity to become collaborative change agents.
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Lima, Cláudia. "Design Practices within Contemporary Societies." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001369.
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This paper addresses pedagogical practices developed in the context of the Communication Design BA at Lusófona University in Porto, Portugal, aimed at highlighting the importance of social design innovation as a fundamental field of application for the area of design hence promoting a socially aware design practice towards human needs and global sustainability. These practices are based on collaborations made with local social institutions, such as Portuguese Red Cross, Alzheimer Portugal Association, and Eu Sou Eu - Association for the Social Inclusion of Children and Young People, and are anchored on three axes: (i) the need to integrate students in the professional activity, through the development of specific projects for real contexts; (ii) the inexistence of curricular units structured in the scope of Social Design in the curricular programs of Design BAs in Portugal; (iii) the difficulty of social institutions to harness the potential of Design tools and methodologies to respond to the needs of both the institution and the community it serves, due to the lack of human and financial resources. Since 2018, several projects have been developed with students including fundraising campaigns, cognitive stimulation materials for individuals with dementia, signage for day care centres and visual identities. These projects provided students with a professional context, requiring direct contact with the client, in-depth knowledge of the institution and awareness of the community it serves to achieve suitable solutions. For their development, Design Thinking methods were used as the basis of a work process divided into three essential phases: (i) problem definition which included meetings with the client, visits to the institution, interviews with its collaborators, research on issues related to the institution and the community it serves; (ii) project ideation where ideas were discussed and tested, the financial and material feasibility was assessed, as well as the suitability of the project under development regarding the defined problem; (iii) project implementation which included the production and dissemination of the project and possible future developments, envisaging the materialization of a professional relationship between student and institution beyond the academic context. These projects highlighted the importance of the designer's role as a social agent: students were confronted with real social problems found in the community (situations of poverty, domestic violence, special educational needs, dementia), and the needs of the institutions themselves. At the end of each project, the knowledge acquired was not limited to the domain of academic design exercises, but extended to social learning, humanitarian values and ways of acting through design projects aimed at citizenship. It is argued that in times of change, marked by the growing identification of social needs, the Designer can assume an essential role as a social agent. Hence the need to integrate social issues in Design curricular programs, envisaging an approach to Design that is more oriented towards human needs and in line with the global sustainability and social equality. In this paper, design methodologies adopted for these projects are described with a view to the replication of this pedagogical model in other contexts.
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Brown, Warren. "Selecting the Optimum Bolt Assembly Stress: Influence of Flange Type on Flange Load Limit." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61708.
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In previous papers, practical limits on the maximum applied load for standard ASME B16.5 and B16.47 carbon steel, weld neck pipe flanges were examined. A new code equation for the tangential (hoop) stress at the small end of the hub for a weld neck flange was developed to facilitate calculation of the limits using elastic analysis. The results were verified against elastic-plastic Finite Element Analysis (FEA). In this paper, the work is extended to include other flange configurations, including loose ring flanges, slip-on flanges and flat plate flanges. This paper is a continuation of the papers presented during PVP 2006 and PVP 2007 (Brown [1, 2]) and it extends the scope of the proposed methodology for determining flange stress limits in determining the maximum allowable bolt load for any given flange size and configuration.
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Brown, Warren. "Selecting the Optimum Bolt Assembly Stress: Influence of Flange Material on Flange Load Limit." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61709.
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In previous papers, practical limits on the maximum applied load for standard ASME B16.5 and B16.47 carbon steel, weld neck and slip-on pipe flanges were examined. A new code equation for the tangential (hoop) stress at the small end of the hub for a weld neck flange and new flange factors for a slip-on flanges were developed to facilitate calculation of the limits using elastic analysis. The results were verified against elastic-plastic Finite Element Analysis (FEA). In this paper, the work is extended to include other flange materials and verification is once again performed against elastic-plastic FEA. This paper is a continuation of the papers presented during PVP 2006, PVP 2007 and PVP 2008 (Brown [1–3]) and it extends the scope of the proposed methodology for determining flange stress limits in to any given flange material, size and configuration.
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Dietz, Charles H. "Downhole Chemical Remediation Via Microencapsulated Media." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209265-ms.
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Abstract Objectives/Scope A new revolutionary method of delivering remedial chemical downhole has been developed. The modality involves utilizing microencapsulated chemical compounds and packaging them in a tubular body which is placed at the base of the bottom hole assembly. Results are compared to conventional downhole chemical treatment methods. Methods, Procedures, Process This new approach is based on the established practice of providing pharmacological remediation via a microencapsulated chemical compound that is targeted to a designated location prior to the release of the active chemicals. The method of microencapsulation, packaging and placement of the tool will be discussed. Case studies will also be considered that demonstrate the long-term release rate, the inhibition efficiency of phosphonic acid-based compounds, and the corrosion and paraffin reduction efficacy of the hydrocarbon based encapsulated compounds in the downhole tool. Information will also be presented concerning the modified use of the apparatus on the surface to provide remediation at the wellhead location. Results, Observations, Conclusions Historically, managing and inhibiting corrosion, scaling and paraffin deposition downhole required surface chemical applications via a conduit to deliver the remedial chemical compounds. More recent advancements have been made to integrate the inhibitors with ceramic beads which effectively replace a portion of the proppants during the fracturing stage or even during the squeeze application where chemical inhibitor is injected downhole under high pressure to lodge in the formation for short term extended release. A modification of this principle involves dropping solid chemical compounds, in the form of pellets, down the wellbore and ultimately into the long cylindrical cavity below the tubing string called the rathole, where the accumulated mass can rapidly dissolve. There are numerous limitations to this mode of application, not the least of which is rapid dissolution of the chemical compound. A patented method of microencapsulating the standard array of chemical remedial agents used in the oilfield has been developed. The encapsulation process involves initiating an exothermic, complex organic reaction under controlled conditions. The encapsulated compound is then extruded under pressure to create a solid chemical stick of various proportions. These sticks are then placed inside a metal tube that is perforated and jacketed with screen. This design allows for slow targeted release of the chemical compounds at the placement site of the tool. New, Additive Information The novelty of this type of chemical application is in the ability to place one-hundred percent of the active chemical compounds at the exact location downhole where the issues of, scale nucleation, corrosion penetration/impingement and paraffin agglomeration begin. This stands in contrast to surface chemical applications that routinely use diluted chemical remedial agents and apply larger quantities using injection pump scenarios.
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Underwood, Nigel, Lanre Odina, Kevin Hansen, and Harry Lassila. "Integrated Subsea Design: An Informed and Practical Approach." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57207.
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In a sector that is seeing unprecedented levels of activity, the opportunity to assess skill sets to take an integrated approach to subsea system design can be challenging. Contracting strategies that compartmentalise engineering scopes at any stage of the project lifecycle also require a high level of interface and project management. An informed methodology ensures a holistic approach to subsea design and interfaces is undertaken. Many challenges to subsea design are influenced by other disciplines such as reservoir, production technology, process, flow assurance and facilities engineering. Traditionally these considerations are outside of subsea engineering scopes and are controlled at the next level in the supply chain, or within other designers or contractors. This paper considers not only the regional challenges to pipeline and riser design in the Australian region, but also how the inclusion of an integrated approach encompassing multi-disciplined teams allows a more informed outcome. Using these highly skilled teams, this approach can: • Reduce interface management requirements; • Reduce design cycles; • Create optimised solutions within a shorter timescale. This has the potential to reduce overall CAPEX and OPEX costs by identifying value and reducing uncertainties in key areas. This adds significant value in the current climate of extended procurement lead times and resource constraints. Examples of current projects demonstrating how this approach can be applied in concept selection through to detailed design are described. Practical examples of how the possible design outcomes have been assessed using this approach are detailed. Considerations of how key factors such as subsurface, field layout, architecture, materials selection, operability, construction and HSE influence pipeline and riser design are also discussed.
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Jardim-Gonc¸alves, Ricardo, Se´rgio Onofre, Carlos Agostinho, and Adolfo Steiger-Garc¸a˜o. "Conformance Testing for XML-Based STEP Conceptual Models." In ASME 2006 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2006-99580.
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ISO10303 STEP has been acknowledged by most of the industrial companies as the most important family of standards for the integration and exchange of product data under the manufacturing domain. The incremental use of XML as an effective format for STEP data exchange has increased the number of implementations of Application Protocols in global networked business environments, where organizations are willing to establish collaborative business practices integrating product data and business information. STEP defines a conformance testing methodology that, although developed for the validation of product data, can be extended to application in these hybrid industrial business environments. This paper proposes an innovative XML-based framework to implement it. The results have been validated under a real industrial scenario in the scope of an international research project.
Reports on the topic "Extended scope practice"
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Torres, Marissa, Michael-Angelo Lam, and Matt Malej. Practical guidance for numerical modeling in FUNWAVE-TVD. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45641.
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This technical note describes the physical and numerical considerations for developing an idealized numerical wave-structure interaction modeling study using the fully nonlinear, phase-resolving Boussinesq-type wave model, FUNWAVE-TVD (Shi et al. 2012). The focus of the study is on the range of validity of input wave characteristics and the appropriate numerical domain properties when inserting partially submerged, impermeable (i.e., fully reflective) coastal structures in the domain. These structures include typical designs for breakwaters, groins, jetties, dikes, and levees. In addition to presenting general numerical modeling best practices for FUNWAVE-TVD, the influence of nonlinear wave-wave interactions on regular wave propagation in the numerical domain is discussed. The scope of coastal structures considered in this document is restricted to a single partially submerged, impermeable breakwater, but the setup and the results can be extended to other similar structures without a loss of generality. The intended audience for these materials is novice to intermediate users of the FUNWAVE-TVD wave model, specifically those seeking to implement coastal structures in a numerical domain or to investigate basic wave-structure interaction responses in a surrogate model prior to considering a full-fledged 3-D Navier-Stokes Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. From this document, users will gain a fundamental understanding of practical modeling guidelines that will flatten the learning curve of the model and enhance the final product of a wave modeling study. Providing coastal planners and engineers with ease of model access and usability guidance will facilitate rapid screening of design alternatives for efficient and effective decision-making under environmental uncertainty.
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Bayley, Stephen, Darge Wole, Louise Yorke, Paul Ramchandani, and Pauline Rose. Researching Socio-Emotional Learning, Mental Health and Wellbeing: Methodological Issues in Low-Income Contexts. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/068.
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This paper explores methodological issues relating to research on children’s socio-emotional learning (SEL), mental health and wellbeing in low- and lower-middle-income countries. In particular, it examines the key considerations and challenges that researchers may face and provides practical guidance for generating reliable and valid data on SEL, mental health and wellbeing in diverse settings and different cultural contexts. In so doing, the paper draws on the experience of recent research undertaken in Ethiopia to illustrate some of the issues and how they were addressed. The present study extends earlier 2018-2019 RISE Ethiopia research, expanding its scope to consider further aspects of SEL, mental health and wellbeing in the particular context of COVID-19. In particular, the research highlights that the pandemic has brought to the fore the importance of assessing learning, and learning loss, beyond academic learning alone.
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Lehotay, Steven J., and Aviv Amirav. Fast, practical, and effective approach for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695587.bard.
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Background to the topic: For food safety and security reasons, hundreds of pesticides, veterinary drugs, and environmental pollutants should be monitored in the food supply, but current methods are too time-consuming, laborious, and expensive. As a result, only a tiny fraction of the food is tested for a limited number of contaminants. Original proposal objectives: Our main original goal was to develop fast, practical, and effective new approaches for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply. We proposed to extend the QuEChERS approach to more pesticides, veterinary drugs and pollutants, further develop GC-MS and LC-MS with SMB and combine QuEChERS with GC-SMB-MS and LC-SMB-EI-MS to provide the “ultimate” approach for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in food. Major conclusions, solutions and achievements: The original QuEChERS method was validated for more than 200 pesticide residues in a variety of food crops. For the few basic pesticides for which the method gave lower recoveries, an extensive solvent suitability study was conducted, and a buffering modification was made to improve results for difficult analytes. Furthermore, evaluation of the QuEChERS approach for fatty matrices, including olives and its oil, was performed. The QuEChERS concept was also extended to acrylamide analysis in foods. Other advanced techniques to improve speed, ease, and effectiveness of chemical residue analysis were also successfully developed and/or evaluated, which include: a simple and inexpensive solvent-in-silicone-tube extraction approach for highly sensitive detection of nonpolar pesticides in GC; ruggedness testing of low-pressure GC-MS for 3-fold faster separations; optimization and extensive evaluation of analyte protectants in GC-MS; and use of prototypical commercial automated direct sample introduction devices for GC-MS. GC-MS with SMB was further developed and combined with the Varian 1200 GCMS/ MS system, resulting in a new type of GC-MS with advanced capabilities. Careful attention was given to the subject of GC-MS sensitivity and its LOD for difficult to analyze samples such as thermally labile pesticides or those with weak or no molecular ions, and record low LOD were demonstrated and discussed. The new approach of electron ionization LC-MS with SMB was developed, its key components of sample vaporization nozzle and flythrough ion source were improved and was evaluated with a range of samples, including carbamate pesticides. A new method and software based on IAA were developed and tested on a range of pesticides in agricultural matrices. This IAA method and software in combination with GC-MS and SMB provide extremely high confidence in sample identification. A new type of comprehensive GCxGC (based on flow modulation) was uniquely combined with GC-MS with SMB, and we demonstrated improved pesticide separation and identification in complex agricultural matrices using this novel approach. An improved device for aroma sample collection and introduction (SnifProbe) was further developed and favorably compared with SPME for coffee aroma sampling. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: We succeeded in achieving significant improvements in the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply, from easy sample preparation approaches, through sample analysis by advanced new types of GC-MS and LCMS techniques, all the way to improved data analysis by lowering LOD and providing greater confidence in chemical identification. As a result, the combination of the QuEChERS approach, new and superior instrumentation, and the novel monitoring methods that were developed will enable vastly reduced time and cost of analysis, increased analytical scope, and a higher monitoring rate. This provides better enforcement, an added impetus for farmers to use good agricultural practices, improved food safety and security, increased trade, and greater consumer confidence in the food supply.
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Lehotay, Steven J., and Aviv Amirav. Ultra-Fast Methods and Instrumentation for the Analysis of Hazardous Chemicals in the Food Supply. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7699852.bard.
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Original proposal objectives: Our main original goal was to develop ultra-fast methods and instrumentation for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply. We proposed to extend the QuEChERS approach to veterinary drugs and other contaminants, and conduct fast and ultra-fast analyses using novel 5MB-MS instrumentation, ideally with real samples. Background to the topic: The international trade of agricultural food products is a $1.2 trill ion annual market and growing. Food safety is essential to human health, and chemical residue limits are legislated nationally and internationally. Analytical testing for residues is needed to conduct risk assessments and regulatory enforcement actions to ensure food safety and environmental health, among other important needs. Current monitoring methods are better than ever, but they are still too time-consuming, laborious, and expensive to meet the broad food testing needs of consumers, government, and industry. As a result, costs are high and only a tiny fraction of the food is tested for a limited number of contaminants. We need affordable, ultra-fast methods that attain high quality results for a wide range of chemicals. Major conclusions, solutions and achievements: This is the third BARD grant shared between Prof. Amirav and Dr. Lehotay since 2000, and continual analytical improvements have been made in terms of speed, sample throughput, chemical scope, ease-of-use, and quality of results with respect to qualitative (screening and identification) and quantitative factors. The QuEChERS sample preparation approach, which was developed in conjunction with the BARD grant in 2002, has grown to currently become the most common pesticide residue method in the world. BARD funding has been instrumental to help Dr. Lehotay make refinements and expand QuEChERS concepts to additional applications, which has led to the commercialization of QuEChERS products by more than 20 companies worldwide. During the past 3 years, QuEChERS has been applied to multiclass, multiresidue analysis of veterinary drug residues in food animals, and it has been validated and implemented by USDA-FSIS. QuEChERS was also modified and validated for faster, easier, and better analysis of traditional and emerging environmental contaminants in food. Meanwhile, Prof. Amirav has commercialized the GC-MS with 5MB technology and other independent inventions, including the ChromatoProbe with Agilent, Bruker, and FUR Systems. A new method was developed for obtaining truly universal pesticide analysis, based on the use of GC-MS with 5MB. This method and instrument enables faster analysis with lower LaDs for extended range of pesticides and hazardous compounds. A new approach and device of Open Probe Fast GC-MS with 5MB was also developed that enable real time screening of limited number of target pesticides. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: We succeeded in achieving significant improvements in the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply, from easy sample preparation approaches, through sample analysis by advanced new types of GC-MS and LCMS techniques, all the way to improved data analysis by lowering LaD and providing greater confidence in chemical identification. As a result, the combination of the QuEChERS approach, new and superior instrumentation, and the novel monitoring methods that were developed will enable vastly reduced time and cost of analysis, increased analytical scope. and a higher monitoring rate. This provides better enforcement, an added impetus for farmers to use good agricultural practices, improved food safety and security, increased trade. and greater consumer confidence in the food supply.
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Dudoit, Alain, Molivann Panot, and Thierry Warin. Towards a multi-stakeholder Intermodal Trade-Transportation Data-Sharing and Knowledge Exchange Network. CIRANO, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/mvne7282.
Full textAbstract:
The performance of supply chains used to be mainly the concern of academics and professionals who studied the potential efficiencies and risks associated with this aspect of globalisation. In 2021, major disruptions in this critical sector of our economies are making headlines and attracting the attention of policy makers around the world. Supply chain bottlenecks create shortages, fuel inflation, and undermine economic recovery. This report provides a transversal and multidisciplinary analysis of the challenges and opportunities regarding data interoperability and data sharing as they relate to the ‘Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Seaway Trade Corridor’ (GLSLTC)’s intermodal transportation and trade data strategy. The size and scope of this trade corridor are only matched by the complexity of its multimodal freight transportation systems and growing urbanization on both sides of the Canada-US border. This complexity is exacerbated by the lack of data interoperability and effective collaborations between the different stakeholders within the various jurisdictions and amongst them. Our analytical work relies on : 1) A review of the relevant documentation on the latest challenges to supply chains (SC), intermodal freight transport and international trade, identifying any databases that are to be used.; 2) A comparative review of selected relevant initiatives to give insights into the best practices in digital supply chains implemented in Canada, the United States, and the European Union.; 3) Interviews and discussions with experts from Transport Canada, Statistics Canada, the Canadian Centre on Transportation Data (CCTD) and Global Affairs Canada, as well as with CIRANO’s research community and four partner institutions to identify databases and data that they use in their research related to transportation and trade relevant data availabilities and methodologies as well as joint research opportunities. Its main findings can be summarized as follow: GLSLTC is characterized by its critical scale, complexity, and strategic impact as North America’s most vital trade corridor in the foreseeable further intensification of continental trade. 4% of Canadian GDP is attributed to the Transportation and Logistics sector (2018): $1 trillion of goods moved every year: Goods and services imports are equivalent to 33% of Canada’s GDP and goods and services exports equivalent to 32%. The transportation sector is a key contributor to the achievement of net-zero emissions commitment by 2050. All sectors of the Canadian economy are affected by global supply chain disruptions. Uncertainty and threats extend well beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic. “De-globalization” and increasing supply chains regionalization pressures are mounting. Innovation and thus economic performance—increasingly hinges on the quantity and quality of data. Data is transforming Canada’s economy/society and is now at the center of global trade “Transport data is becoming less available: Canada needs to make data a priority for a national transportation strategy.” * “How the Government of Canada collects, manages, and governs data—and how it accesses and shares data with other governments, sectors, and Canadians—must change.”