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Journal articles on the topic 'Expression problem'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Mukhamedova, Nigora. "THE PROBLEM OF EXPRESSION NON-CATEGORICAL STATEMENTS IN LINGUISTIC TEXTS." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WORD ART 3, no. 3 (March 30, 2020): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9297-2020-3-13.

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The article deals with the issues based on the study of non-categorical statements in a linguistic text in modern English. The essence of scientific communication is a message, or the transmission by means of language of some mental content, including the expression of an intellectual-evaluative attitude to the subject of speech. The content of intellectual assessments is conditioned by knowledge and experience of intellectual and material activities of people.In a scientific text, this attitude can be the result of verifying the truth of what is expressed by the author himself or by another scientist or a team of researchers, as well as confirmation or refutation of apreviously formed assessment that served as the basis for further discussion

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2

Clemons, Bil. "Solving the Membrane Protein Expression Problem." Biophysical Journal 112, no. 3 (February 2017): 329a—330a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2016.11.1783.

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3

Roy, Subhro, and Dan Roth. "Mapping to Declarative Knowledge for Word Problem Solving." Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 6 (December 2018): 159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00012.

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Math word problems form a natural abstraction to a range of quantitative reasoning problems, such as understanding financial news, sports results, and casualties of war. Solving such problems requires the understanding of several mathematical concepts such as dimensional analysis, subset relationships, etc. In this paper, we develop declarative rules which govern the translation of natural language description of these concepts to math expressions. We then present a framework for incorporating such declarative knowledge into word problem solving. Our method learns to map arithmetic word problem text to math expressions, by learning to select the relevant declarative knowledge for each operation of the solution expression. This provides a way to handle multiple concepts in the same problem while, at the same time, supporting interpretability of the answer expression. Our method models the mapping to declarative knowledge as a latent variable, thus removing the need for expensive annotations. Experimental evaluation suggests that our domain knowledge based solver outperforms all other systems, and that it generalizes better in the realistic case where the training data it is exposed to is biased in a different way than the test data.

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4

Peng, Xiangyang, Wei Liu, and Jinrong Shen. "A class of constrained inverse eigenvalue problem and associated approximation problem for symmetrizable matrices." Filomat 33, no. 7 (2019): 1903–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1907903p.

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The real symmetric matrix is widely applied in various fields, transforming non-symmetric matrix to symmetric matrix becomes very important for solving the problems associated with the original matrix. In this paper, we consider the constrained inverse eigenvalue problem for symmetrizable matrices, and obtain the solvability conditions and the general expression of the solutions. Moreover, we consider the corresponding optimal approximation problem, obtain the explicit expressions of the optimal approximation solution and the minimum norm solution, and give the algorithm and corresponding computational example.

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5

Cruz, Dalia. "Oral expression: a problem to be addressed." SCIÉNDO 23, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/sciendo.2020.035.

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Chen, Yidong, Zohar Yakhini, Amir Ben-Dor, Edward Dougherty, Jeffrey M. Trent, and Michael Bittner. "Analysis of Expression Patterns: The Scope of the Problem, the Problem of Scope." Disease Markers 17, no. 2 (2001): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2001/728649.

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Studies of the expression patterns of many genes simultaneously lead to the observation that even in closely related pathologies, there are numerous genes that are differentially expressed in consistent patterns correlated to each sample type. The early uses of the enabling technology, microarrays, was focused on gathering mechanistic biological insights. The early findings now pose another clear challenge, finding ways to effectively use this kind of information to develop diagnostics.

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7

Bayuk, Dimitri A., and Olga B. Fedorova. "G.W. Leibniz: Sign and the Problem of Expression." Epistemology & Philosophy of Science 57, no. 1 (2020): 146–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eps202057112.

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The disciplinary differentiation of sciences attracted Leibniz’s attention for a long period of time. From nowadays prospects it looks very well grounded as soon as in Leibniz’s manuscripts a modern scholar finds clue ideas of any research field which would tempt him to consider Leibniz as one of the founders of this particular discipline. We argue that this is possible only in retrospection and would significantly distort the essence of Leibniz’s epistemology. Our approach implies, in contrary, the investigation of the Leibniz doctrine of signs on the background of the related philosophical problem, that of expression. The choice of semiotics is justified by the fact that it took a central place in his theoretical constructions, both those of natural sciences and of philosophy. In Leibniz system of knowledge the concept of notes (notae) and sings (signa) served a theoretical foundation of his most important and long-life aspiration to build up practical science of universal characteristics (characteristica universalis). In his eyes this practical science was the science of sciences (Scientia scientiarum), and we can consider it as the matrix for all possible scientific knowledge.

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8

McCulloch, Ann Maree. "Depression and its Expression: Art as Problem Solver." International Journal of the Humanities: Annual Review 3, no. 7 (2006): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9508/cgp/v03i07/41747.

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9

Sasai, M., and P. G. Wolynes. "Stochastic gene expression as a many-body problem." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100, no. 5 (February 26, 2003): 2374–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2627987100.

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10

Kubo, Susumu, and Katsuhiro Nishinari. "An algebraic expression of the number partitioning problem." Discrete Applied Mathematics 285 (October 2020): 283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dam.2020.04.020.

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11

Bruss, F. Thomas, Guy Louchard, and John W. Turner. "On the N-tower problem and related problems." Advances in Applied Probability 35, no. 1 (March 2003): 278–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/aap/1046366109.

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Consider N towers each made up of a number of counters. At each step a tower is chosen at random, a counter removed which is then added to another tower also chosen at random. The probability distribution for the time needed to empty one of the towers is obtained in the case N = 3. Arguments are set forward as to why no simple formulae can be expected for N > 3. An asymptotic expression for the mean time before one of the towers becomes empty is derived in the case of four towers when they all initially contain a comparably large number of counters. We then study related problems, in particular the ruin problem for three players. Here we use simple martingale methodology as well as a solution proposed by T. S. Ferguson for a slightly modified problem. Throughout the paper it is our main objective to shed light on the reasons why the case N > 3 is so substantially different from the case N ≤ 3.

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12

Qin, Li Juan, and Yu Lan Hu. "Eight Models Discussion on P3L Multi-Solution Problem." Advanced Materials Research 186 (January 2011): 398–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.186.398.

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Multi-solution problem is an important problem that affects the characteristic of pose estimation algorithm. The main content of this paper is to discuss the solution models for pose estimation method from three non-coplanar lines which intersect at two points. This paper provides a detailed account of concrete expressions for eight solution models. Expression for analytical solution can be very visual.

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Bruss, F. Thomas, Guy Louchard, and John W. Turner. "On the N-tower problem and related problems." Advances in Applied Probability 35, no. 01 (March 2003): 278–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800012180.

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Consider N towers each made up of a number of counters. At each step a tower is chosen at random, a counter removed which is then added to another tower also chosen at random. The probability distribution for the time needed to empty one of the towers is obtained in the case N = 3. Arguments are set forward as to why no simple formulae can be expected for N > 3. An asymptotic expression for the mean time before one of the towers becomes empty is derived in the case of four towers when they all initially contain a comparably large number of counters. We then study related problems, in particular the ruin problem for three players. Here we use simple martingale methodology as well as a solution proposed by T. S. Ferguson for a slightly modified problem. Throughout the paper it is our main objective to shed light on the reasons why the case N > 3 is so substantially different from the case N ≤ 3.

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14

Pratiwi, Hanida Emilia Dewi, Zukhrufurrohmah Zukhrufurrohmah, and Dwi Priyo Utomo. "Representation Of Mathematics Expression Of Civil Engineering Students In Solving HOTS Problems." Daya Matematis: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika 8, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/jds.v8i1.13324.

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The ability of students to represent mathematical expressions related to HOTS problems is still not good. This study aims to describe the representation of the mathematical expression of students in solving HOTS problems. This type of descriptive research using a qualitative approach in terms of aspects of the representation of mathematical expressions. The subjects of this study were 17 Civil Engineering students who were taking lectures in the academic year 2018/2019. The data collection technique in this research is the test item description. The instrument used was in the form of a test sheet. Data analysis was carried out through three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that students could involve mathematical symbols correctly and appropriately in each stage of solving HOTS analysis type questions. Students can present other mathematical representations into mathematical expression representations and involve mathematical symbols correctly and appropriately in each stage of HOTS problem solving, both Evaluation type and Creating type. The ability of students to represent mathematical expressions related to HOTS problems is still not good. This study aims to describe the representation of the mathematical expression of students in solving HOTS problems. This type of descriptive research using a qualitative approach in terms of aspects of the representation of mathematical expressions. The subjects of this study were 17 Civil Engineering students who were taking lectures in the academic year 2018/2019. The data collection technique in this research is the test item description. The instrument used was in the form of a test sheet. Data analysis was carried out through three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that students could involve mathematical symbols correctly and appropriately in each stage of solving HOTS analysis type questions. Students can present other mathematical representations into mathematical expression representations and involve mathematical symbols correctly and appropriately in each stage of HOTS problem solving, both Evaluation type and Creating type.

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15

Wang, Yingying, Yibin Li, Yong Song, and Xuewen Rong. "Facial Expression Recognition Based on Auxiliary Models." Algorithms 12, no. 11 (October 31, 2019): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a12110227.

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In recent years, with the development of artificial intelligence and human–computer interaction, more attention has been paid to the recognition and analysis of facial expressions. Despite much great success, there are a lot of unsatisfying problems, because facial expressions are subtle and complex. Hence, facial expression recognition is still a challenging problem. In most papers, the entire face image is often chosen as the input information. In our daily life, people can perceive other’s current emotions only by several facial components (such as eye, mouth and nose), and other areas of the face (such as hair, skin tone, ears, etc.) play a smaller role in determining one’s emotion. If the entire face image is used as the only input information, the system will produce some unnecessary information and miss some important information in the process of feature extraction. To solve the above problem, this paper proposes a method that combines multiple sub-regions and the entire face image by weighting, which can capture more important feature information that is conducive to improving the recognition accuracy. Our proposed method was evaluated based on four well-known publicly available facial expression databases: JAFFE, CK+, FER2013 and SFEW. The new method showed better performance than most state-of-the-art methods.

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16

Liang, Yanqiu. "Intelligent Emotion Evaluation Method of Classroom Teaching Based on Expression Recognition." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 14, no. 04 (February 27, 2019): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i04.10130.

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To solve the problem of emotional loss in teaching and improve the teaching effect, an intelligent teaching method based on facial expression recognition was studied. The traditional active shape model (ASM) was improved to extract facial feature points. Facial expression was identified by using the geometric features of facial features and support vector machine (SVM). In the expression recognition process, facial geometry and SVM methods were used to generate expression classifiers. Results showed that the SVM method based on the geometric characteristics of facial feature points effectively realized the automatic recognition of facial expressions. Therefore, the automatic classification of facial expressions is realized, and the problem of emotional deficiency in intelligent teaching is effectively solved.

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17

Lee, Seung-Hoon. "Sport and Religion: The Problem of Expression and Suppression." Journal of the Korean Society for the Philosophy of Sport, Dance, & Martial Arts’ 28, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31694/pm.2020.09.28.3.007.

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18

Sturges, Paul. "Limits to freedom of expression? The problem of blasphemy." IFLA Journal 41, no. 2 (June 2015): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0340035215584778.

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19

Schmidt, Florian, and Marcel H. Schulz. "On the problem of confounders in modeling gene expression." Bioinformatics 35, no. 4 (August 2, 2018): 711–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty674.

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20

Szeberényi, József. "Problem-solving test: Expression cloning of the erythropoietin receptor." Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education 36, no. 3 (2008): 236–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmb.20191.

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21

Kita, Takafumi. "An Exact Entropy Expression for a Many-Body Problem." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 68, no. 11 (November 15, 1999): 3740–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.68.3740.

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22

Berg, J. "Dynamics of gene expression and the regulatory inference problem." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 82, no. 2 (April 2008): 28010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/82/28010.

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23

Lambie, Rosemary Anne. "Adaptations for Written Expression." Academic Therapy 22, no. 1 (September 1986): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105345128602200104.

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24

Salamon, Peter, and Paul Erdös. "The Solution to a Problem of Grünbaum." Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 31, no. 2 (March 1, 1988): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cmb-1988-020-2.

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AbstractThe paper characterizes the set of all possible values for the number of lines determined by n points for n sufficiently large. For the lower bound of Kelly and Moser for the number of lines in a configuration with n — k collinear points is shown to be sharp and it is shown that all values between Mmin(k) and Mmax(k) are assumed with the exception of Mmax — 1 and Mmax — 3. Exact expressions are obtained for the lower end of the continuum of values leading down from In particular, the best value of c = 1 is obtained in Erdös’ previous expression for this lower end of the continuum.

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25

Petkovic, Dejan, and Milica Radic. "Generalization of Helmholtz coil problem." Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering 12, no. 3 (2015): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sjee1503375p.

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The primary intent of this work is to propose a simple analytical method for designing coil systems for homogeneous and gradient magnetostatic field generation. Coil system consists of two identical coaxial (regular) polygonal current loops. In the space between the loops, there is nearly homogeneous or nearly linear distribution of the magnetic field along the axes depending on the currents' direction. First, we derived a suitable, simple and general expression for the magnetic field along the axes due to a polygonal current loop. We emphasize the importance of the role of this expression for further analysis. The total on-axes magnetic field is the result of superposition of the magnetic fields that each loop generates separately. The proper distance between the loops and the current orientation make the system to become either Helmholtz coil or anti-Helmholtz coil. In this paper we give exact, analytical and general expression for this optimal distance that provides the magnetic field to be homogeneous (linear) as much as possible. We based our study on Taylor series expansion of the total magnetic field, demanding that the first contaminating term must be canceled, in both, symmetric and asymmetric case.

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COLL, B., R. PROHENS, and A. GASULL. "THE CENTER PROBLEM FOR DISCONTINUOUS LIÉNARD DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 09, no. 09 (September 1999): 1751–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127499001231.

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We prove that the Lyapunov constants for differential equations given by a vector field with a line of discontinuities are quasi-homogeneous polynomials. This property is strongly used to derive the general expression of the Lyapunov constants for two families of discontinuous Liénard differential equations, modulus some unknown coefficients. In one of the families these coefficients are determined and the center problem is solved. In the other family the center problem is just solved by assuming that the coefficients which appear in these expressions are nonzero. This assumption on the coefficients is supported by their computation (analytical and numerical) for several cases.

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Gasull, Armengol, and Joan Torregrosa. "Center-Focus Problem for Discontinuous Planar Differential Equations." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 13, no. 07 (July 2003): 1755–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127403007618.

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We study the center-focus problem as well as the number of limit cycles which bifurcate from a weak focus for several families of planar discontinuous ordinary differential equations. Our computations of the return map near the critical point are performed with a new method based on a suitable decomposition of certain one-forms associated with the expression of the system in polar coordinates. This decomposition simplifies all the expressions involved in the procedure. Finally, we apply our results to study a mathematical model of a mechanical problem, the movement of a ball between two elastic walls.

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Jingjing, Peng, Wang Qingwen, Peng Zhenyun, and Chen Zhencheng. "Solution of symmetric positive semidefinite Procrustes problem." Electronic Journal of Linear Algebra 35 (December 8, 2019): 543–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/ela.2019.5167.

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In this paper, the symmetric positive semideﬁnite Procrustes problem is considered. By using matrix inner product and matrix decomposition theory, an explicit expression of the solution is given. Based on the explicit expression given in this paper, it is easy to derive the explicit expression of the solution given by Woodgate [K.G. Woodgate. Least-squares solution of F = PG over positive semideﬁnite symmetric P . Linear Algebra Appl., 245:171–190, 1996.] and by Liao [A.P. Liao. On the least squares problem of a matrix equation. J. Comput. Math., 17:589–594, 1999.] for the Procrustes problem in some special cases. The explicit expression given in this paper also shows that the solution of the special inverse eigenvalue problem considered by Zhang [L. Zhang. A class of inverse eigenvalue problem for symmetric nonnegative deﬁnite matrices. J. Hunan Educational Inst., 2:11–17, 1995 (in Chinese).] can be computed exactly. Examples to illustrate the correctness of the theory results are given.

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Varanka, Tuomas, Wei Peng, and Guoying Zhao. "Micro-Expression Recognition with Noisy Labels." Electronic Imaging 2021, no. 11 (January 18, 2021): 157–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.11.hvei-157.

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Facial micro-expressions are quick, involuntary and low intensity facial movements. An interest in detecting and recognizing micro-expressions arises from the fact that they are able to show person’s genuine hidden emotions. The small and rapid facial muscle movements are often too difficult for a human to not only spot the occurring micro-expression but also be able to recognize the emotion correctly. Recently, a focus on developing better micro-expression recognition methods has been on models and architectures. However, we take a step back and go to the root of task, the data. We thoroughly analyze the input data and notice that some of the data is noisy and possibly mislabelled. The authors of the micro-expression datasets have also acknowledged the possible problems in data labelling. Despite this, no attempts have been made to design models that take into account the potential mislabelled data in micro-expression recognition, to our best knowledge. In this paper, we explore new methods taking noisy labels into special account in an attempt to solve the problem. We propose a simple, yet efficient label refurbishing method and a data cleaning method for handling noisy labels. The data cleaning method achieves state-of-the-art results in the MEGC2019 composite dataset.

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Edholm, Dan, Magnus Molin, Edyta Bajak, and Göran Akusjärvi. "Adenovirus Vector Designed for Expression of Toxic Proteins." Journal of Virology 75, no. 20 (October 15, 2001): 9579–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.20.9579-9584.2001.

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ABSTRACT To construct recombinant adenoviruses expressing biologically active proteins may be impossible, or result in a significant reduction in virus yield, if the protein expressed has an inhibitory effect on virus replication or cellular growth. To overcome this problem, we previously designed adenovirus vectors expressing foreign proteins from inducible promoters. However, during our work with a replication-deficient virus expressing the ASF/SF2 splicing factor from a progesterone antagonist-inducible gene cassette, we discovered that ASF/SF2 was expressed at a significant level in the 293 producer cell line, even in the absence of inducer. 293 cells code for adenovirus E1A and E1B proteins and thus support the growth of E1-deficient adenoviruses. Here we show that this background ASF/SF2 expression results from a low level of E1A-mediated transactivation of the basal promoter driving transgene expression. To overcome the problem of leaky expression, we reconstructed a novel gene cassette that combines an inducible promoter and a Lac repressor protein-based block to reduce transcriptional elongation. We show that this novel vector system dramatically reduced background transgene expression and therefore should be useful for the rescue and propagation of high-titer stocks of recombinant adenoviruses expressing toxic proteins.

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Khardon, R. "Translating between Horn Representations and their Characteristic Models." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 3 (December 1, 1995): 349–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.183.

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Characteristic models are an alternative, model based, representation for Horn expressions. It has been shown that these two representations are incomparable and each has its advantages over the other. It is therefore natural to ask what is the cost of translating, back and forth, between these representations. Interestingly, the same translation questions arise in database theory, where it has applications to the design of relational databases. This paper studies the computational complexity of these problems. Our main result is that the two translation problems are equivalent under polynomial reductions, and that they are equivalent to the corresponding decision problem. Namely, translating is equivalent to deciding whether a given set of models is the set of characteristic models for a given Horn expression. We also relate these problems to the hypergraph transversal problem, a well known problem which is related to other applications in AI and for which no polynomial time algorithm is known. It is shown that in general our translation problems are at least as hard as the hypergraph transversal problem, and in a special case they are equivalent to it.

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Kukushkina, O. V. "Negative Information: Statement of Fact or Expression of Opinion?" Theory and Practice of Forensic Science, no. 3(43) (September 30, 2016): 132–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/64/1819-2785-2016-3-132-145.

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The paper explores the key problems of establishing the type of negative information and differentiating between facts and opinions. This is one of the most challenging problems of forensic linguistics that requires a robust methodological framework to be tackled successfully. When faced with this problem, the expert has to deal with the ambiguity of terminology and wording of questions, as well as the complexity of the object of study – the semantics of statements encountered in acts of speech. The paper analyzes the content of key terms traditionally used to address this forensic problem, and offers a possible solution. The so-called “factual square” is a method based on analyzing a statement against four semantic parameters: presence of statement of past action; verifiability of this statement on the basis of specificity of description of the action and its potential observability; lack of alternative, i.e. indication of a different possibility; the purpose of conveying negative information. The paper also analyzes the basic types of factual information and offers specific examples of semantic analysis of statements using the proposed approach.

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Yuan, Lei-ming, Yiye Sun, and Guangzao Huang. "Using Class-Specific Feature Selection for Cancer Detection with Gene Expression Profile Data of Platelets." Sensors 20, no. 5 (March 10, 2020): 1528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20051528.

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A novel multi-classification method, which integrates the elastic net and probabilistic support vector machine, was proposed to solve this problem in cancer detection with gene expression profile data of platelets, whose problems mainly are a kind of multi-class classification problem with high dimension, small samples, and collinear data. The strategy of one-against-all (OVA) was employed to decompose the multi-classification problem into a series of binary classification problems. The elastic net was used to select class-specific features for the binary classification problems, and the probabilistic support vector machine was used to make the outputs of the binary classifiers with class-specific features comparable. Simulation data and gene expression profile data were intended to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results indicate that the proposed method can automatically select class-specific features and obtain better performance of classification than that of the conventional multi-class classification methods, which are mainly based on global feature selection methods. This study indicates the proposed method is suitable for general multi-classification problems featured with high-dimension, small samples, and collinear data.

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Bulu, Vera Rosalina. "ANALISIS KESALAHAN MAHASISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA BERDASARKAN METODE NEWMANN." Journal of Honai Math 3, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.30862/jhm.v3i1.111.

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This Qualitative study aimed to describe the students the mistakes in solving the problems related to cubes and cuboid topics based on Newmann's procedures. To gather the data, three students of primary school teacher department in a university in Kupang, Indonesia, with a high, moderate and low problem – solving skills were chosen to be analyzed further using descriptive method. The result showed that the students with a high problem – solving skill were doing wrong in writing the final answer due to an incomplete understanding of cube and cuboid. The students with a moderate problem – solving skill were doing mistake in transforming the word problems into mathematical expression since the students were not accustomed to do non – routine problem. Furthermore, the students with the low problem – solving skills were doing mistakes in transforming word problems into a mathematical expression, during the process and writing the final answer. The mistake was emerged due to students’ inability to understand the problems and incomplete understanding of the concept of cube and cuboid.

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Petrosiuk, Denys Valeriiovych, Olena Oleksandrivna Arsirii, Oksana Yurievna Babilunha, and Anatolii Oleksandrovych Nikolenko. "DEEP LEARNING TECHNOLOGY OF CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR FACIAL EXPRESSION RECOGNITION." Applied Aspects of Information Technology 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/aait.02.2021.6.

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The application of deep learning convolutional neural networks for solving the problem of automated facial expression recognition and determination of emotions of a person is analyzed. It is proposed to use the advantages of the transfer approach to deep learning convolutional neural networks training to solve the problem of insufficient data volume in sets of images with different facial expressions. Most of these datasets are labeled in accordance with a facial coding system based on the units of human facial movement. The developed technology of transfer learning of the public deep learning convolutional neural networks families DenseNet and MobileNet, with the subsequent “fine tuning” of the network parameters, allowed to reduce the training time and computational resources when solving the problem of facial expression recognition without losing the reliability of recognition of motor units. During the development of deep learning technology for convolutional neural networks, the following tasks were solved. Firstly, the choice of publicly available convolutional neural networks of the DenseNet and MobileNet families pre-trained on the ImageNet dataset was substantiated, taking into account the peculiarities of transfer learning for the task of recognizing facial expressions and determining emotions. Secondary, a model of a deep convolutional neural network and a method for its training have been developed for solving problems of recognizing facial expressions and determining human emotions, taking into account the specifics of the selected pretrained convolutional neural networks. Thirdly, the developed deep learning technology was tested, and finally, the resource intensity and reliability of recognition of motor units on the DISFA set were assessed. The proposed technology of deep learning of convolutional neural networks can be used in the development of systems for automatic recognition of facial expressions and determination of human emotions for both stationary and mobile devices. Further modification of the systems for recognizing motor units of human facial activity in order to increase the reliability of recognition is possible using of the augmentation technique.

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Beléndez, A., A. Hernández, S. Gallego, M. Ortuño, C. Neipp, and T. Beléndez. "Post-Buckling of a Cantilever Column: A More Accurate Linear Analysis of a Classical Nonlinear Problem." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education 35, no. 4 (October 2007): 293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijmee.35.4.4.

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A more accurate analytical approximate expression for the slope at any point of the elastic curve of a slender cantilever column is obtained by using a heuristic but pedagogical derivation. This derivation is based on the linearization of the nonlinear differential equation that governs the post-buckling of the cantilever column. The expression proposed depends on two unknown parameters, which are obtained by comparing, term by term, the power series expansions of the approximate and exact expressions for the total length of the column. The results obtained with this new approximate expression are compared with the exact ones and with two approximations previously published in the literature. The numerical results show that the two previous approximations are not nearly as accurate as the new expression presented in this paper.

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Sun, Baiqing, Kun Tang, Hongmei Zhang, and Shan Xiong. "An Exact Solution of the Binary Singular Problem." Journal of Function Spaces 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/580497.

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Singularity problem exists in various branches of applied mathematics. Such ordinary differential equations accompany singular coefficients. In this paper, by using the properties of reproducing kernel, the exact solution expressions of dual singular problem are given in the reproducing kernel space and studied, also for a class of singular problem. For the binary equation of singular points, I put it into the singular problem first, and then reuse some excellent properties which are applied to solve the method of solving differential equations for its exact solution expression of binary singular integral equation in reproducing kernel space, and then obtain its approximate solution through the evaluation of exact solutions. Numerical examples will show the effectiveness of this method.

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Majumdar, A. A. K. "Generalized multi-peg tower of hanoi problem." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society. Series B. Applied Mathematics 38, no. 2 (October 1996): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s033427000000059x.

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AbstractThis paper treats the multi-peg generalization of the Tower of Hanoi problem with n(≥ 1) disks and p(≥ 3) pegs, P1, P2,…, Pp. Denoting by M(n, p) the presumed minimum number of moves required to transfer the tower of n disks from the source peg, P1, to the destination peg, Pp, under the condition that each move transfers the topmost disk from one peg to another such that no disk is ever placed on top of a smaller one, the Dynamic Programming technique has been employed to find the optimality equation satisfied by M(n, p). Though an explicit expression for M(n, p) is given, no explicit expressions for the partition numbers (at which M(n, p) is attained) are available in the literature for p ≥ 5. The values of the partition numbers have been given in this paper.

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OSUKA, Koichi, and Hirokazu MAYEDA. "Parameter expression for modeling and inverse dynamics problem of manipulators." Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan 5, no. 2 (1987): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7210/jrsj.5.150.

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YONECHI, Fumio. "A Problem on the Kana Expression for Foreign Place Names." Kikan Chirigaku 52, no. 3 (2000): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5190/tga.52.191.

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Schulz, Danae, and F. Nina Papavasiliou. "The VEXing problem of monoallelic expression in the African trypanosome." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 26 (June 17, 2016): 7017–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1608546113.

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Capaldi, Deborah M., Marion S. Forgatch, and Lynn Crosby. "Affective Expression in Family Problem-Solving Discussions with Adolescent Boys." Journal of Adolescent Research 9, no. 1 (January 1994): 28–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074355489491004.

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Lee, Youngran. "Problem-solving Thinking and Expression Plan Through Historical Re-enactment." Journal of Humanities and Social sciences 21 12, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 2471–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22143/hss21.12.1.175.

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Pelayo, J. C., and D. M. Yanga. "Linked cluster theory in the spin polaron problem." International Journal of Modern Physics B 33, no. 07 (March 20, 2019): 1950044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979219500449.

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The Linked Cluster Theory in the spin polaron formulation is investigated in this paper using the finite temperature (Matsubara) Green’s function method. We use a representation where holes and spins are described as spinless fermions and normal bosons, respectively. An analytic expression of the thermodynamic potential of high-temperature superconductors in the superconducting state was obtained using the Linked Cluster theory and an expression for its normal state by setting the energy gap to zero. The expression of the thermodynamic potential enabled us to calculate two bulk thermodynamic properties of high-temperature superconductors, entropy and specific heat, both in the normal and superconducting states.

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LADDHA, ABHISHEK, and ARJUN MUKHERJEE. "Aspect opinion expression and rating prediction via LDA–CRF hybrid." Natural Language Engineering 24, no. 4 (April 22, 2018): 611–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135132491800013x.

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AbstractIn this paper, we study the problem of aspect-based sentiment analysis. Our model simultaneously extracts aspect-specific opinion expressions and determines the rating for each aspect in reviews. Previous works have mainly focused on the problem of opinion phrase extraction and aspect rating prediction in a pipelined manner and are not able to capture the dependencies of aspect opinion expression on aspect rating and vice-versa. They are also unable to discover aspect-specific opinion expressions and their associated rating scores. We present a joint modelling approach to extract aspect-specific sentiment expression and aspect rating prediction simultaneously. This paper proposes a novel LDA–CRF hybrid model which employs discriminative conditional random field component for phrase extraction, a regression component for rating prediction and a generative component for grouping aspect–sentiment expressions (aspect-specific opinion expressions) into coherent topics. To show the effectiveness of our approach, we evaluate the performance of the model on both task: (i) aspect-specific opinion expressions and (ii) rating prediction on the dataset of hotel and restaurant reviews from TripAdvisor.com. Experimental results show that both task potentially reinforce each other and joint modeling outperformed state-of-the-art baselines for each individual tasks.

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Wang, Lei, Dongxiang Zhang, Jipeng Zhang, Xing Xu, Lianli Gao, Bing Tian Dai, and Heng Tao Shen. "Template-Based Math Word Problem Solvers with Recursive Neural Networks." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 7144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33017144.

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The design of automatic solvers to arithmetic math word problems has attracted considerable attention in recent years and a large number of datasets and methods have been published. Among them, Math23K is the largest data corpus that is very helpful to evaluate the generality and robustness of a proposed solution. The best performer in Math23K is a seq2seq model based on LSTM to generate the math expression. However, the model suffers from performance degradation in large space of target expressions. In this paper, we propose a template-based solution based on recursive neural network for math expression construction. More specifically, we first apply a seq2seq model to predict a tree-structure template, with inferred numbers as leaf nodes and unknown operators as inner nodes. Then, we design a recursive neural network to encode the quantity with Bi-LSTM and self attention, and infer the unknown operator nodes in a bottom-up manner. The experimental results clearly establish the superiority of our new framework as we improve the accuracy by a wide margin in two of the largest datasets, i.e., from 58.1% to 66.9% in Math23K and from 62.8% to 66.8% in MAWPS.

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ALPERS, PAUL. "““The Philoctetes Problem”” and the Poetics of Pastoral." Representations 86, no. 1 (2004): 4–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2004.86.1.4.

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ABSTRACT ““The Philoctetes problem,”” so named by Susan Stewart, concerns the limits of human expression: how can individual suffering be expressed in isolation from human listeners? This essay argues that the conventions and usages of pastoral poetry engage this problem and that because of the self-consciousness of pastoral, its poetics are pertinent to the expression of isolated suffering in other modes of poetry.

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Jodar, L., and M. Mariton. "Explicit solutions for a system of coupled Lyapunov differential matrix equations." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 30, no. 3 (October 1987): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091500026821.

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This paper is concerned with the problem of obtaining explicit expressions of solutions of a system of coupled Lyapunov matrix differential equations of the typewhere Fi, Ai(t), Bi(t), Ci(t) and Dij(t) are m×m complex matrices (members of ℂm×m), for 1≦i, j≦N, and t in the interval [a,b]. When the coefficient matrices of (1.1) are timeinvariant, Dij are scalar multiples of the identity matrix of the type Dij=dijI, where dij are real positive numbers, for 1≦i, j≦N Ci, is the transposed matrix of Bi and Fi = 0, for 1≦i≦N, the Cauchy problem (1.1) arises in control theory of continuous-time jump linear quadratic systems [9–11]. Algorithms for solving the above particular case can be found in [12]]. These methods yield approximations to the solution. Without knowing the explicit expression of the solutions and in order to avoid the error accumulation it is interesting to know an explicit expression for the exact solution. In Section 2, we obtain an explicit expression of the solution of the Cauchy problem (1.1) and of two-point boundary value problems related to the system arising in (1.1). Stability conditions for the solutions of the system of (1.1) are given. Because of developed techniques this paper can be regarded as a continuation of the sequence [3, 4, 5, 6].

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Kruszewska, J. S. "Heterologous expression of genes in filamentous fungi." Acta Biochimica Polonica 46, no. 1 (March 31, 1999): 181–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.1999_4196.

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Isolation of some biologically important proteins from natural sources was found to be too expensive or scarcely possible (human proteins). The problem could be solved by expression of heterologous genes. Many biologically active proteins have been successfully expressed in filamentous fungi, some of them, however, at a low level. Thus, improvement of this technique appears to be a very important task. The process comprises several steps. Some of them, such as efficient transformation, vector construction, processing of signal sequences, post-translational modifications and secretion of the expressed proteins, have been intensively investigated. This review presents obstacles and problems encountered in expression of heterologous genes and discusses strategies of development in this area.

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Baranov, Vladislav Sergeyevich. "Endometriosis as systemic genetic problem." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 62, no. 1 (March 15, 2013): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd62171-78.

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Current data contributing to the origin and development of endometriosis (E) — sever common disease of reproductive age women are reviewed. Numerous theories and hypothesis as well as basic pathological mechanisms underlying E are briefly outlined. Whole gene-net and particular groups of candidate genes involved in E are presented. The later include genes of detoxification system, sex hormones and their receptors, cytokines gene, onco- suppressors the genes contributing to embryonic development of female reproductive organs and cell proliferation Major molecular genetic data imply epigenetic impact in the origin of disease which results from progressive disregulation of endometrium genome functions provoked by unfavorable combinations of candidate genes of some signaling pathways and defects in their expression due to abnormal methylation pattern. Histone modifications and the faults of miRNA content. In line with systemic genetic concept initial stages of E could be provoked by different genetic, epigenetic and even external factors which outcome is the same pathophysiological and pathomorphological damages clinically classified as E. Two feasible molecular genetic routs of E. are suggested. Both are relying on unscheduled expression of early embryonic genes such as WNT4, HOX10, HOX11, GALT provoking the changes in genetic program of endometriotic cells (metaplasia) and their subsequent progression as the lesions of ectopic endometrium

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