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Academic literature on the topic 'Exposition individuelle à la pollution atmosphérique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Exposition individuelle à la pollution atmosphérique"
Nikasinovic, L. "Exposition prénatale à la pollution atmosphérique extérieure et grossesse." Revue de médecine périnatale 9, no. 3 (September 2017): 134–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12611-017-0417-9.
Full textEilstein, D. "Exposition prolongée à la pollution atmosphérique et mortalité par pathologies respiratoires." Revue Française d'Allergologie 50, no. 2 (March 2010): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reval.2010.01.007.
Full textEilstein, D. "Exposition prolongée à la pollution atmosphérique et mortalité par pathologies respiratoires." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 26, no. 10 (December 2009): 1146–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0761-8425(09)73532-6.
Full textApparicio, Philippe, Jérémy Gelb, Vincent Jarry, Élaine Lesage-Mann, and Sophie Debax. "Exposition des cyclistes à la pollution sonore et atmosphérique à Lyon, France." L’Espace géographique Tome 49, no. 3 (May 25, 2021): 250–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/eg.493.0250.
Full textNicolle-Mir, Laurence. "Exposition à la pollution atmosphérique et neurodéveloppement jusqu’à l’âge de 3 ans." Environnement Risques Santé 18, no. 6 (December 2019): 456–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/ers.2019.1366.
Full textCuny, Damien, Anastasia Chauvière, and Mélie Rousseau. "Exposition prénatale à la pollution atmosphérique et impacts sur les issues de la grossesse." Vocation Sage-femme 18, no. 138 (May 2019): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vsf.2019.03.009.
Full textGrimaldi, Frédérique, and Alain Viala. "Exposition individuelle à la pollution de l’air en milieu urbain : l’exemple de Marseille." Bulletin de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine 191, no. 1 (January 2007): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-4079(19)33112-7.
Full textLarrieu, S., M. Stempfelet, S. Bonenfant, A. Armengaud, C. Honoré, P. Lozano, G. Perron, E. Rivière, O. Sanchez, and A. Lefranc. "Étude de faisabilité sur l’estimation de l’exposition individuelle chronique à la pollution atmosphérique dans la cohorte Gazel." Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 56, no. 5 (September 2008): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2008.06.148.
Full textHost, S., E. Chatignoux, C. Leal, and I. Grémy. "Exposition à la pollution atmosphérique de proximité liée au trafic : quelles méthodes pour quels risques sanitaires ?" Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 60, no. 4 (August 2012): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2012.02.007.
Full textBlanc, N. "« Évaluation et perception de l'exposition à la pollution atmosphérique : une interrogation sociétale »“Evaluation and perception of the exposition to atmospheric pollution: a societal interrogation”." Nature Sciences Sociétés 11, no. 4 (December 2003): 432–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.natsci.2003.10.005.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Exposition individuelle à la pollution atmosphérique"
Dessimond, Boris. "Exposition individuelle à la pollution de l’air : mesure par capteurs miniatures, modélisation et évaluation des risques sanitaires associés." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS297.
Full textAir pollution contributes to the degradation of the quality of life and the reduction of life expectancy of the populations. The World Health Organization estimates that air pollution is responsible for 7 million deaths per year worldwide. It contributes to the aggravation of respiratory diseases, causes lung cancer and heart attacks. Air pollution has therefore significant health consequences on human life and biodiversity. Over the last few years, considerable progress has been made in the field of microcontrollers and telecommunications modules. These are more energy efficient, powerful, affordable, accessible, and are responsible for the growth of connected objects. In the meantime, the recent development of microelectromechanical systems and electrochemical sensors has allowed the miniaturization of technologies measuring many environmental parameters including air quality. These technological breakthroughs have enabled the design and production in an academic environment, of portable, connected, autonomous air quality sensors capable of performing acquisitions at a high temporal frequency. Until recently, one of the major obstacles to understanding the impact of air pollution on human health was the inability to track the real exposure of individuals during their daily lives; air pollution is complex, and varies according to the habits, activities and environments in which individuals spend their lives. Portable air quality sensors completely remove this obstacle as well as a number of other important constraints. These are designed to be used in mobility, over long periods of time, and produce immediately available granular data, which describes the exposure to air pollution of the person wearing it. Although the measurement modules embedded in these sensors are not currently as reliable as reference tools or remote sensing, when it comes to assessing individual exposure to air pollution, because they are as close as possible to the wearer, they provide the most accurate information, and are therefore an indispensable tool for the future of epidemiological research. In this context, we have been involved in the development and improvement of two air quality sensors; the CANARIN II and the CANARIN nano. The CANARIN II is a connected sensor communicating via Wi-Fi, which reports the concentration of 10, 2.5 and 1 micrometer diameter particles, as well as the environmental parameters of temperature, humidity, and pressure, every minute, making them available in real time. The CANARIN nano is a smaller sensor with the same capabilities of the CANARIN II, while additionally sensing volatile organic compounds levels. The CANARIN nano is able to operate autonomously, as it communicates through the cellular network. Two types of results have been obtained with the CANARIN sensors; on one hand, results produced from their use in real life conditions, and on the other hand, results related to the interpretation and understanding of the measurements produced by the particle sensors. These two sensors were both used in two research projects, in which we have helped deploy several heterogeneous sensor fleets and analyzed the acquired data. Firstly, in the POLLUSCOPE project funded by the French National Research Agency, where 86 volunteers from the general population wore a set of air pollution sensors for a total of 101 weeks, 35 of which the volunteers were also equipped with health sensors. Secondly, in the POLLAR project, where 43 subjects underwent polysomnography and then wore one CANARIN sensor for 10 days, thus allowing for the first time to explore the link between sleep apnea and particulate matter exposure. [...]
Languille, Baptiste. "Caractérisation des variabilités temporelle et spatiale de la pollution en Île-de-France : De la mesure de l'exposition individuelle à la définition des sources." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV071.
Full textAir pollution results from a complex mixture of compounds, gases and particulate matter, whose effects have proven to be harmful. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a major role in atmospheric chemistry and are precursors of ozone and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). In Île-de-France, exposure to pollution is a concern; however, significant uncertainties are still associated with the pollutants’ sources, as well as their intensity and variability at different time scales, and very few investigations have focused on quantifying personal exposure. In this context, this research sought to better characterize the temporal and spatial variabilities of pollution in Île-de-France.The questionable reliability of portable sensors has been addressed by the design of a selection and qualification protocol including various tests in static measurements, controlled chamber and mobility. This new methodology, based in particular on the use of a tool combining different statistical indicators, was applied to choose the AE51, Cairclip and Canarin, measuring black carbon (BC), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM) respectively.These three sensors were deployed during measurement campaigns involving about thirty volunteers. The personal exposure thus quantified is higher in fall than in spring and varies substantially according to the different environments frequented. Proximity to road traffic (for BC and NO2) as well as cooking activities and tobacco smoke (for PM) make significant contributions to total exposure (up to 34 %, 26 % and 44 % respectively), even though the time spent in these environments is short.In addition to road traffic, BC is traditionally attributed to wood burning. A winter measurement campaign (3.5 months) attributed respectively 22 % and 47 % of the measured VOCs to these two sources. Compounds including benzenediol and methylbuteone were measured and associated with wood burning for the first time in ambient air. A comparison with the regional emissions inventory identified similarities as well as differences and suggested improvements
Languille, Baptiste. "Caractérisation des variabilités temporelle et spatiale de la pollution en Île-de-France : De la mesure de l'exposition individuelle à la définition des sources." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV071/document.
Full textAir pollution results from a complex mixture of compounds, gases and particulate matter, whose effects have proven to be harmful. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a major role in atmospheric chemistry and are precursors of ozone and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). In Île-de-France, exposure to pollution is a concern; however, significant uncertainties are still associated with the pollutants’ sources, as well as their intensity and variability at different time scales, and very few investigations have focused on quantifying personal exposure. In this context, this research sought to better characterize the temporal and spatial variabilities of pollution in Île-de-France.The questionable reliability of portable sensors has been addressed by the design of a selection and qualification protocol including various tests in static measurements, controlled chamber and mobility. This new methodology, based in particular on the use of a tool combining different statistical indicators, was applied to choose the AE51, Cairclip and Canarin, measuring black carbon (BC), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM) respectively.These three sensors were deployed during measurement campaigns involving about thirty volunteers. The personal exposure thus quantified is higher in fall than in spring and varies substantially according to the different environments frequented. Proximity to road traffic (for BC and NO2) as well as cooking activities and tobacco smoke (for PM) make significant contributions to total exposure (up to 34 %, 26 % and 44 % respectively), even though the time spent in these environments is short.In addition to road traffic, BC is traditionally attributed to wood burning. A winter measurement campaign (3.5 months) attributed respectively 22 % and 47 % of the measured VOCs to these two sources. Compounds including benzenediol and methylbuteone were measured and associated with wood burning for the first time in ambient air. A comparison with the regional emissions inventory identified similarities as well as differences and suggested improvements
Loup, Pierre. "Modélisation de l'exposition individuelle à la pollution atmosphérique." Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON1T016.
Full textBernard, Nadine. "Mesure de l'exposition individuelle au photo-oxydants atmosphériques et recherche de marqueurs biologiques." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20025.
Full textYoussouf, Hassani. "Effets respiratoires de la pollution atmosphérique : prise en compte de plusieurs niveaux de pollution." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066456/document.
Full textThe objectives of this thesis were to study the respiratory effects of air pollution by taking into account three levels of exposure: the macroscopic, semi-individual and individual levels. For the macroscopic level, we studied the health effects of emissions from forest fires in an ecological study. Through a literature review, we found that several epidemiological studies have shown the association between exposure to wildfire emissions and increase cardiopulmonary disease and mortality for the people living nearby. The main limitation of these studies is given by the exposure assessment. In a case study of the wildfire occurred in Marseille in the summer 2009, we observed effects at the limit of significance 8 and 9 days after exposure between concentrations of fine particles (PM2.5) from fire and respiratory effects .For semi-individual level, we have studied the link between domestic and occupational pollution and respiratory diseases among farmers from Auvergne using a cross-sectional study. We observed that the halogenated hydrocarbons and Etyl-butoxyacetate were significantly associated with the small airways disease. Benzene concentration in the living room of the farm was significantly associated with an increased risk of asthma. Finally, the use of a biomarker (the mercapturic acid) in the context of a case-control study allowed us to measure the internal dose of the exposure to benzene and its link with asthma among children included the study
Tenailleau, Quentin. "Multi-exposition en milieu urbain : approche multi-echelle de l'exposition humaine au bruit et à la pollution atmosphérique." Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA2052/document.
Full textEvery day, 15% of the European population is exposed to average noise or air pollution levels exceeding theEuropean legal threshold. Levels and distribution of each pollutant across the city depend of individual sourcesemissions, dispersion phenomenon, and urban environment. Consequently, spatial variability of multi-exposure levelremains mostly unknown. The aim of this Ph. D. thesis is to identify and describe multi-exposure situations in the cityof Besançon. Environmental noise levels, and concentrations of several air pollutants (NO2, benzene, PM10 and PM2.5),have been modeled using a fine scale grid (2m x 2m). Model compatibility has been maximized by the use of commoninput into the calculation software Mithra-SIG (for noise) and COPERT4/ADMS-urban (for air pollutants). In a firsttime, impact of the neighborhood definition on exposure levels has been explored for both pollutions. Twelveindicators, each representing a different definition of the exposure area in the dwelling vicinity, have been used toquantify exposure levels around the 10 865 inhabitable building of Besançon. Obtained results show a significantimpact of the neighborhood definition on the exposure levels. Different neighborhood definitions lead to a differentialbias caused by a different accounting for environmental variables. This bias exists for all studied pollutant, but indifferent proportion depending on the pollutant. In a second time, situations of multi-exposure to noise and NO2 havebeen identified in the city. Results indicate a complex relation between pollutants and allow the description of severalmulti-exposure situations across the city. This work constitute one of the firsts approaches of this kind in France andallow a better understanding of the existing relations between neighborhood, exposure area, environmental parametersand exposure levels
Al, Zallouha Margueritta. "Étude prospective pilote des effets d'une exposition ex vivo de lymphocytes T humains à la pollution atmosphérique particulaire : recherche de biomarqueurs et influence de l'âge." Thesis, Littoral, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017DUNK0472/document.
Full textAtmospheric fine particulate matter (FP) are able to enter the lungs where some compounds can interact with lung cells and reach the bloodstream . Exposure to FP affects in particular susceptible populations such as the elderly. This thesis is part of a project aiming to identify the effects of FP on human T lymphocytes (LT) while attempting to determine biomarkers related to exposure and to evaluate the variation of the cellular response as a function of age. LT were isolated from blood samples of 91 volunteers belonging to three age groups (20-30, 45-55, 70-85 years) then exposed ex vivo for 72h to 45 µg/µl of FP collected in Dunkirk. The steps of isolation, purification and activation of LT were first optimized. Following the characterization of the sampled population, a homogeneous study population was selected (10 subjects/age class). We have demonstrated an induction of the genes coding for the enzymes involved in the metabolic activation of PAH identified in the PF sample. Characterization of the LT profile made it possible to propose a mixed th1/th2 profile cause by the exposure. Teh transcriptomic study of miRNAs revealed an overexpression of miR-124-3p involved in the regulation of several functions in the immune system and miR-1290 involved in several types of cancer. As for the influence of age, overexpression of the genes coding for the antioxidant enzymes (NQO1 and HMOX1), an increase in the concentration of cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13) as well as a modification of the expression profile of some miRNAs were noted on the elderly
Huot, Delphine. "Impact sanitaire du dioxyde d'azote : bilan des expositions humaines contrôlées." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P209.
Full textDuché, Sarah. "La pollution de l'air en région parisienne : exposition et perception sur les sites touristiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00840818.
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