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Nyasulu, Themba. "Assessing the impact of exports and imports on economic growth: a case study of Malawi from 1970 to 2010." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4475.
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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)<br>In line with neoclassical economic growth propositions that outward-orientation fosters economic growth, since independence from Britain in 1964 the Government of Malawi has placed international trade at the centre of its economic development agenda. In spite of this theoretical affirmation of the trade-growth relationship, some empirical studies that have been done both in the country and abroad show contrary results. This prompted this study to be undertaken with the aim of assessing the impact of exports and imports on economic growth in Malawi from 1970 to 2010.This study has used a neoclassic economic growth model containing gross domestic product, exports, imports, capital and labour force as variables of analysis. After collecting annual time series data on the variables for the period 1970 to 2010 from the World Bank online statistical data base, Ordinary Least Squares regression and several econometric tests were run on the model to ensure robust and accurate results. Statistical accuracy of the findings was further cemented by use of the 5 percent level of significance. Exports were found to have a positive and statistically significant effect on the country’s economic growth, while imports had a negative and insignificant influence. Similarly, capital and labour force showed a positive effect on economic growth even though the capital’s effect was statistically insignificant. Nevertheless, the study also strongly confirmed the presence of a long-run equilibrium among the variables. The above results strongly suggest that Malawi should continue with its export-led economic growth strategies such as the Economic Recovery Plan (ERP) and the Malawi Growth and Development Strategy (MDGS). However, if the two economic development plans are to bear fruit this study strongly urges Malawi to consider diversifying its economy away from primary export production and instead embark on value-addition. Furthermore, the country should not only reduce the importation of consumer goods in favour of capital goods, but also improve the quality of the labour force and capital formation, if Malawi is to realise its economic development and poverty alleviation aspirations.
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Machado, Keli Prezzotto. "Impacto das exportações no crescimento econômico: análise do caso brasileiro." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2017. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3224.
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Previous issue date: 2017-08-23<br>The causes of economic growth, as well as the need for international trade between countries,
have long been discussed. The factors that aid growth have changed according to each
economic school. Economic growth is considered to be measured through GDP, so some jobs
use exports as a possible source of consistent growth in the long run. In this sense, it was
proposed to verify the role played by exports in terms of the acceleration of Brazilian
economic growth? In order to answer this question, this study aims to analyze whether
exports are preponderant to the economic growth of Brazil in the period from 1975 to 2017.
For this purpose, we will use the Export-led-growth (ELG) hypothesis, which Exports boosts
economic growth. Using time series data of the GDP and exports variables, the adopted
econometric procedures were the unit root test to test the stationarity, Johansen cointegration
test to verify the existence of cointegration between the variables, and the Granger causality
test to verify The causality. The main results suggest the absence of cointegration and the bias
of the variables for the analysis period.<br>As causas do crescimento econômico, bem como a necessidade do comércio internacional
entre os países, vem há muito tempo sendo discutidas. Os fatores que auxiliam no crescimento
foram mudando de acordo com cada escola econômica. Considera-se que o crescimento
econômico é mensurado através do PIB, da mesma forma, alguns trabalhos utilizam-se das
exportações como sendo uma possível fonte de crescimento consistente no longo prazo. Nesse
sentido, qual o papel desempenhado pelas exportações no que tange a aceleração do
crescimento econômico brasileiro? Para responder este questionamento, este trabalho teve
como objetivo analisar se as exportações são preponderantes para o crescimento econômico
do Brasil no período de 1975 a 2017. Para tanto, utilizou-se da hipótese Export-led-growth
(ELG), a qual verifica que as exportações impulsionam o crescimento econômico. Utilizandose dos dados de séries temporais das variáveis PIB e exportações, os procedimentos
econométricos adotados foram o teste de raiz unitária para testar a estacionariedade, teste de
cointegração de Johansen para verificar a existência de cointegração entre as variáveis, e o
teste de causalidade de Granger para verificar a causalidade. Os principais resultados sugerem
a ausência de cointegração e a bicausalidade no sentido de Granger entre as variáveis para o
período de análise.
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Mafusire, Albert. "Foreign capital inflows and the export-led growth /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16535.pdf.
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Schmidt, Florian. "Export-led growth? : The case of Brazil." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49258.
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With an ever-increasing globalising world, trade is of most importance for developing countries to not fall behind and be outcompeted. Export-led growth theory states that one of the key determinants for economic growth is exports. This thesis aims to analyse the causal effects of exports on economic growth in the case of Brazil. Annual data from the World Bank’s database for the years 1990-2018 has been used. The variables included are GDP, exports, gross capital formation, FDI and labour force. This study puts the export-led growth theory in a Vector Error Correction – Granger Causality framework. As opposed to previous scholars’ findings, neither export-led growth nor growth-led export could be determined for Brazil.
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Subasat, Turan. "Export-led development : a theoretical and empirical investigation." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313349.
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Hosein, Roger. "Export led growth : the Trinidad and Tobago experience." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621618.
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Medina-Smith, Emilio J. "Four essays on economic growth in Venezuela, 1950-99." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271767.
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Sentsho, Joel. "Export promotion in a small mineral based economy : the case of Botswana." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248534.
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Brincat, Mario Raymond. "Export-led industrialisation and development in Malta, 1955-2000." Thesis, University of London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536784.
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Yaputra, Mounty A. "Industry report for P.T. Eztu Adimore Ltd. to export art-crafted glass to the United States." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000yaputram.pdf.
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Faleiros, João Paulo Martin. "Modelo \'export-led growth\' : evidências empíricas em uma perspectiva não linear." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12140/tde-14052008-172702/.
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Esse trabalho faz uma avaliação não linear sobre \"Export-Led Growth\" (ELG), por meio do modelo MR-STVAR. O tratamento não linear aqui desenvolvido assumiu que a trajetória da taxa de crescimento do produto, ao longo do tempo, pode alternar entre quatro diferentes tipos de regimes. Cada um destes se caracteriza como uma combinação entre altas e baixas taxas de crescimento, tanto do produto, como das exportações. Realizando o teste de causalidade de Granger, nessa estrutura não linear, é possível verificar se a taxa trimestral de crescimento do valor das exportações aumenta a capacidade preditiva do crescimento do PIB. Portanto, esse enfoque possibilita expandir a análise, até então realizada, de que as contribuições das taxas de crescimento das exportações, às taxas de crescimento do produto, são lineares ao longo do tempo. E essa última perspectiva, implicitamente assume uma dinâmica temporal uniforme, bastante restritiva em termos da complexidade que ronda o padrão de desenvolvimento econômico de uma nação. O modelo MR-STVAR foi aplicado para um conjunto de 7 países, Estados Unidos, Canadá, Japão, Hong Kong, Coréia do Sul, Brasil, Chile e México, além de Hong Kong.<br>The aim of this thesis is to evaluate Export-Led Growth hypothesis through MR-STVAR. If its model is assumed, the pattern of growth alternates among four distinct regimes. Each of them is characterized by the combination of high and low rates of output and export growth. To verify if the value of export quarterly growth increases the forecasting capabilities of output quarterly growth, it is applied a Granger causality test. Hence, this approach contributes to the analysis of traditional literature that supposes a linear view of development. The traditional literature, in general, verify ELG hypothesis using a Granger causality test in a linear framework. The MR-STVAR was applied to seven countries, United States, Canada, Japan, South Korea, Brazil, Chile and Mexico, furthermore, Hong Kong, special administrative region of the People\'s Republic of China.
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Macuacua, Eduardo F. "Export expansion as determinant of economic growth in Mozambique: a co-integration analysis." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2412_1269987891.
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<p>The objective of this study is to empirically examine the export-led growth hypothesis in Mozambique using quarterly time series data over the period of 1987-2004, applying a co-integration analysis, Engle and Granger&rsquo<br>s (1987) Error Correction Model (ECM) and the Granger causality test. The paper explores the causal relationship between economic growth and othe explanatory variables, such as real exports, imports, labour force, gross capital formation, terms of trade, civil war and natural disasters (the last two as dummy variables).</p>
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Kang, Shin-jae. "Korea's export performance : three empirical essays." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/767.
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Shafiullah, Muhammad. "Export-Led Growth and Dutch Disease: A Case Study of Australia and its Regions." Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366021.
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The Australian economy has enjoyed several mining booms over the past few decades. As an export-orientated economy, Australia has experienced several mining booms since the 1960s, including one in the early 1980s and, most notably, the unprecedented boom of the 2000s. This latest mining boom began in the early 2000 when the demand for natural resources such as coal and iron ore soared in response to increasing demand in Asia, particularly China. This unprecedented demand has contributed to Australia’s robust economic performance over the past decade, especially during the Global Financial Crisis. However, the 2000s boom may have also had some detrimental effects on other tradable sectors of the Australian economy, such as agriculture and manufacturing. Moreover, from a regional (intra-country) perspective, the economic benefits and costs of the mining boom are not identically distributed across the country. While only certain regions benefited from the growth in minerals and resources exports, the cost of the mining boom appear to be much more widespread.<br>Thesis (PhD Doctorate)<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>Griffith Business School<br>Griffith Business School<br>Full Text
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Ramli, Norimah. "Essays on applied exchange rate issues : some new evidence on the export led growth hypothesis, exchange rate exposure, and the exchange rate volatility-export nexus." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/346634/.
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The thesis comprises three essays, all of which are empirical studies of different issues on exchange rates. Implementing advanced econometrics methodologies with monthly time series data, these studies focus on macroeconomic determinants to measure the relationships within the variables. The first essay (Chapter Two) re-examines the robustness of the export-led growth hypothesis across the exchange rate regimes in Malaysia. According to the exchange rate regime history, Malaysia experienced three different exchange rate mechanisms from 1990 to 2010. Generally, the results vary across the time and regimes. Specifically, the study suggests bi-directional and/or unidirectional causality between exports and economic growth across the regimes, both in the short-run and long-run. The second essay (Chapter Three) tries to bridge the gap between the exchange rate issues by investigating the impact exchange rate exposure on sector level in Malaysia from October, 1992 to December, 2010. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the exchange rate exposure in Malaysia sectorial returns by using an augmented model. Overall, in all instances, the results suggest that the exchange rate exposures in Malaysia can be categorized as the long memory in the volatility process. After investigating currency exposure in two types of models, the results further suggest that the sectors are largely affected by the currency fluctuations. The third essay (Chapter Four) explores the channels and magnitude of exchange rate volatility-export nexus empirically on the export flow of five ASEAN countries namely, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines and Indonesia to the United States from January, 1990 to December, 2010. The major results show that increases in the volatility of the real bilateral exchange rate, exert significant effects upon export demand in the short run in each of the ASEAN countries. This study further suggests significant negative effects from the bilateral exchange rate volatility of exports flow in Singapore, Malaysia and Philippines. However, these findings do not apply to Indonesia and Thailand.
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Jatuliavičienė, Gražina. "Integrated export development under conditions of globalization." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20100204_100925-72330.
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In the dissertation from the holistic point of view are discussed export development peculiarities in the global area. The main aim of the dissertation is the expansion of the export development concept in consideration to the challenges of globalization. Therefore, peculiarities of internationalization and globalization processes and their connections in the context of export development are discussed; alternation of internationalization models under conditions of globalization is evaluated, highlighting integrated economic and social export development benefit. The export development mechanisms and instruments as well as their creation, adaptation and other aspects are analyzed and summarized. Moreover, world’s and especially Finland’s innovative experience in this area in the global context is emphasized. Based on analysis and synthesis of scientific literature theoretical integrated export development trajectories model was developed by the author.
The main aim of the research is to prepare the integrated export development directions model with the focus on its applicability to Lithuania’s export development possibilities improvement in the context of current state of globalization. Through the use of the summarized results from the Lithuanian SME’s empirical research, discovering main suppressive reasons for export development, and expert research, evaluating Lithuanian export promotion current state and perspectives, the current Lithuanian export promotion activities... [to full text]<br>Disertacijoje holistiniu požiūriu nagrinėjami eksporto plėtros ypatumai globalioje erdvėje. Pagrindinis darbo tikslas - eksporto plėtros koncepcijos išplėtimas įvertinant globalizacijos iššūkius. Disertacijoje įvairiais aspektais atskleisti internacionalizacijos ir globalizacijos procesų ypatumai ir jų sąsajos, bei teikiamos naujos galimybės eksporto plėtrai; įvertinama internacionalizacijos modelių kaita globalizacijos sąlygomis, išryškinamos integruotos ekonomines ir socialines eksporto plėtros naudos. Disertacijoje atskleista eksporto plėtros instrumentų panaudojimo esmė bei pagrįsti alternatyvių eksporto plėtros ir skatinimo priemonių pasirinkimai ir išanalizuotas empirinis jų panaudojimo ištyrimo lygis pasinaudojant pažangia pasaulio ir ypač Suomijos patirtimi. Remiantis mokslinės literatūros analize ir sinteze sukurtas integruotos eksporto plėtros trajektorijų modelis. Pagrindinis tyrimo tikslas - parengti Lietuvos integruotos eksporto plėtros krypčių modelį šiuolaikinėmis globalizacijos sąlygomis. Darbe atliktas empirinis Lietuvos SVV įmonių tyrimas, kurio metu atskleistos eksporto plėtrą stabdančios priežastys, ekspertinio tyrimo metu atliktas Lietuvos eksporto skatinimo būklės ir perspektyvų vertinimas. Apibendrinti tyrimų rezultatai leido įvertinti Lietuvos eksporto skatinimo veiklos transformavimo motyvus, numatyti integruotos eksporto plėtros būdų tobulinimo sritis ir priemones, skatinančias SVV įmonių eksporto apimčių augimą.
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Agostini, Silvia. "Cellular Na+,K+-ATPase mediates unconventional export of Hiv-1 Tat protein." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/85946.
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Kirjanova, Juliana. "Lietuvos Respublikos eksporto analizė ir perspektyvos." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120703_132224-51889.
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Viešojo sektoriaus ekonomikos magistro baigiamojo darbo tema yra aktuali atsižvelgiant į tai, jog kiekviena pasaulio šalis ir jos ūkio subjektai yra suinteresuoti, kad šalies ekonomika būtų kuo labiau subalansuota ir išsivysčiusi. Šiuolaikiniame pasaulyje tarptautinė prekyba vaidina svarbų vaidmenį kiekvienos pasaulio valstybes ekonomikoje. Tarptautinė prekyba yra pati seniausia tarptautinių ekonominių santykių forma, kuri egzistavo ilgą laiką iki pasaulio ekonomikos susiformavimo ir yra jos pirmtakė. Spartus tarptautinės prekybos vystymasis įtakojo greitą pasaulio ekonomikos formavimasis ir paspartino gamybinių jėgų internalizacijos procesas. Magistro baigiamajame darbe yra iškelta problema – kokios gi yra Lietuvos Respublikos eksporto perspektyvos, remiantis išanalizuotais statistikos duomenimis.
Baigiamojo darbo objektas - Lietuvos Respublikos (LR) užsienio prekyba. Baigiamojo darbo tikslas - atlikti LR eksporto statistinę analizę, bei numatyti ateities perspektyvas, o siekiant keliamo tikslo buvo sprendžiami šie pagrindiniai darbo uždaviniai - pateikti eksporto teoriją, nustatyti veiksnius, įtakojančius LR eksporto apimtis, išanalizuoti turimus 2004-2010 m statistinius eksporto duomenis, nustatyti eksporto įtaką šalies ekonomikai ir numatyti perspektyvas. Tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizė, teisinių dokumentų analizė, statistinių duomenų analizė, apklausa.
Baigiamajame darbe trumpai supažindinama su eksporto samprata bei Lietuvos Respublikos eksporto struktūra... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>Public Sector Economics master's thesis topic is relevant, because every country in the world and its economy entities are interested their economy to be more balanced and more developed. In today's world the international trade plays an important role in the economy of every country. International trade is the oldest form of international economic relations, which existed long before the emergence of the global economy and its predecessor. The rapid development of international trade has influenced the generation of a rapid global economic and productive forces, as well as accelerated the process of internalization. In the master's thesis the problem of Lithuanian export's according to statistics is raised.
The subject of the thesis is the foreign trade of the Republic of Lithuania. The final goal is to conduct a statistical analysis of Lithuanian exports and to predict the perspectives for the future. With the view to the objective the following main tasks have been solved - the export theory submitted, the factors that influence the Lithuanian export volume were identified, the available statistical exports data in the period 2004-2010 were analyzed , the export's impact to the economy was provided. Besides, the following methods have been used: the analysis of scientific literature, the legal documents' analysis, the statistical analysis and the survey.
The final paper briefly introduces the conception of export and the Lithuanian export structure by countries or... [to full text]
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Sjölinder, Mikael. "Leukotriene C₄ synthesis and export in human platelets and leukocytes : LTC₄ synthase expression in normal and leukemic myeloid cells /." Stockholm, 1999. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1999/91-628-3730-3/.
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Togo, Eriko. "Export led growth and inter firm linkages : a theoretical exploration and an empirical study of the relationship between large export oriented and small domestically oriented enterprises in the apparel industry in Peru." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270495.
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Leal, Flávia Martins [UNESP]. "Avaliação da produção de citocinas, expressão gênica e análise funcional de células SHED expostas ao LTA bacteriano." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127841.
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000843662.pdf: 3263526 bytes, checksum: 3834c7b8c2dd7d42cbcbd22ff55f8632 (MD5)<br>Células-tronco da polpa dentária humana são promissoras no tratamento endodôntico, porém antes de utilizá-las clinicamente, deve-se entender suas propriedades biológicas em resposta a estímulos, como o ácido lipoteicóico (LTA) bacteriano. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o comportamento de células SHED (Stem cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth) após exposição ao LTA bacteriano, verificando os efeitos na proliferação e metabolismo celular, atividade da fosfatase alcalina, deposição de cálcio, expressão de genes associados à mineralização, e liberação de citocinas. Foram utilizadas células SHED tratadas com LTA em diferentes concentrações, sem e com indutores da mineralização (IM). O metabolismo e a proliferação celular foram avaliados pelos ensaios de XTT e SRB. As células foram submetidas a um ensaio enzimático da atividade de fosfatase alcalina, para observação da ativação de processos de mineralização. E foi analisada qualitativamente a presença de deposição de cálcio pelas células pelo ensaio de alizarin vermelho (ARS). A expressão dos genes DSPP (Dentin Sialophosphoprotein) e DMP-1 (Dentin Matrix Protein-1) foi avaliada pela técnica do PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). O teste ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay) foi realizado para detectar e quantificar as citocinas IL-1ß (Interleucina-1ß), IL-6 (Interleucina-6), TNF-α (Fator de Necrose Tumoral-α). Os dados obtidos nos ensaios quantitativos foram analisados estatisticamente por ANOVA complementada pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Foi observado um aumento no metabolismo e proliferação celular com o tempo, não havendo diferenças entre os grupos testados em cada período. Nos grupos sem IM, observou-se um aumento da atividade da fosfatase alcalina das células expostas ao LTA comparados ao controle. Os grupos com indutores de mineralização apresentaram maiores quantidades...<br>Dental pulp stem cells are promising in endodontics, but before clinical treatment it should be studied to understand its biological properties in response to stimuli such as lipoteichoic acid (LTA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of Stem cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth (SHED) exposed to LTA, analyzing cell proliferation and metabolism, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, gene expression, cytokines production. SHED cells were treated with LTA, in different concentrations, without and with mineralization induction (MI). Cell metabolism and proliferation were evaluated by XTT and SRB. Alkaline phosphatase activity was performed to indicate mineralization process. Also, calcium deposition was observed qualitatively by alizarin red. Gene expression of DSPP (Dentin Sialophosphoprotein) and DMP-1 (Dentin Matrix Protein-1) was evaluated by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Cytokines IL-1ß (Interleukin-1ß), IL-6 (Interleukin-6), TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor-α) were detected and quantified by ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay). Statistical analysis of quantitative tests were performed by ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0,05). Metabolism and cell proliferation increased with time and no differences were observed between groups in each period. In groups without MI, there was an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity of cells exposed to LTA compared to control. Groups with mineralization induction showed more calcium deposition, compared to the groups without MI. After 3 days, cells treated with LTA showed more areas of calcification compared to control, and after periods of 7 and 14 days were similar. All groups tested expressed genes DSPP and DMP-1, being slightly higher in groups with MI. The expression of IL-1ß and TNF-α by cells of the tested groups were similar, and IL-6 concentration was expressive, with differences between groups and time periods. According to the methodology and analysis ...l
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Leal, Flávia Martins. "Avaliação da produção de citocinas, expressão gênica e análise funcional de células SHED expostas ao LTA bacteriano /." São José dos Campos, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127841.
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Orientador: Carlos Henrique Ribeiro Camargo<br>Co-orientador: Bruno das Neves Cavalcanti<br>Banca: Marcia Carneiro Valera Garakis<br>Banca: João Eduardo Gomes Filho<br>Resumo: Células-tronco da polpa dentária humana são promissoras no tratamento endodôntico, porém antes de utilizá-las clinicamente, deve-se entender suas propriedades biológicas em resposta a estímulos, como o ácido lipoteicóico (LTA) bacteriano. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o comportamento de células SHED (Stem cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth) após exposição ao LTA bacteriano, verificando os efeitos na proliferação e metabolismo celular, atividade da fosfatase alcalina, deposição de cálcio, expressão de genes associados à mineralização, e liberação de citocinas. Foram utilizadas células SHED tratadas com LTA em diferentes concentrações, sem e com indutores da mineralização (IM). O metabolismo e a proliferação celular foram avaliados pelos ensaios de XTT e SRB. As células foram submetidas a um ensaio enzimático da atividade de fosfatase alcalina, para observação da ativação de processos de mineralização. E foi analisada qualitativamente a presença de deposição de cálcio pelas células pelo ensaio de alizarin vermelho (ARS). A expressão dos genes DSPP (Dentin Sialophosphoprotein) e DMP-1 (Dentin Matrix Protein-1) foi avaliada pela técnica do PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). O teste ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay) foi realizado para detectar e quantificar as citocinas IL-1ß (Interleucina-1ß), IL-6 (Interleucina-6), TNF-α (Fator de Necrose Tumoral-α). Os dados obtidos nos ensaios quantitativos foram analisados estatisticamente por ANOVA complementada pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Foi observado um aumento no metabolismo e proliferação celular com o tempo, não havendo diferenças entre os grupos testados em cada período. Nos grupos sem IM, observou-se um aumento da atividade da fosfatase alcalina das células expostas ao LTA comparados ao controle. Os grupos com indutores de mineralização apresentaram maiores quantidades...<br>Abstract: Dental pulp stem cells are promising in endodontics, but before clinical treatment it should be studied to understand its biological properties in response to stimuli such as lipoteichoic acid (LTA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of Stem cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth (SHED) exposed to LTA, analyzing cell proliferation and metabolism, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, gene expression, cytokines production. SHED cells were treated with LTA, in different concentrations, without and with mineralization induction (MI). Cell metabolism and proliferation were evaluated by XTT and SRB. Alkaline phosphatase activity was performed to indicate mineralization process. Also, calcium deposition was observed qualitatively by alizarin red. Gene expression of DSPP (Dentin Sialophosphoprotein) and DMP-1 (Dentin Matrix Protein-1) was evaluated by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Cytokines IL-1ß (Interleukin-1ß), IL-6 (Interleukin-6), TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor-α) were detected and quantified by ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay). Statistical analysis of quantitative tests were performed by ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0,05). Metabolism and cell proliferation increased with time and no differences were observed between groups in each period. In groups without MI, there was an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity of cells exposed to LTA compared to control. Groups with mineralization induction showed more calcium deposition, compared to the groups without MI. After 3 days, cells treated with LTA showed more areas of calcification compared to control, and after periods of 7 and 14 days were similar. All groups tested expressed genes DSPP and DMP-1, being slightly higher in groups with MI. The expression of IL-1ß and TNF-α by cells of the tested groups were similar, and IL-6 concentration was expressive, with differences between groups and time periods. According to the methodology and analysis ...l<br>Mestre
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Žiogelytė, Laura. "Buitinės technikos gamybos įmonių produkcijos eksporto galimybių didinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070629.144707-47388.
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Baigiamajame magistro darbe teoriškai ir remiantis konkrečios įmonės pavyzdžiu buvo išanalizuotos įmonės produkto eksporto išplėtimo galimybės, pasitelkus mokslinę literatūrą, nagrinėjančią pasaulyje vykstančius globalizacijos ir įmonių veiklos internacionalizavimo procesus, pateikti tikslūs ir jau pasaulinės praktikos patvirtinti įmonės eksporto plėtros metodai ir su tuo susiję strateginiai pasirinkimai. Baigiamajame magistro darbe atlikta įmonės internacionalizavimo proceso etapų tipologija ir lyginamoji analizė, suklasifikuoti įmonės vidiniai ir išorinės aplinkos veiksniai, lemiantys įmonės produkcijos eksporto plėtros galimybes ir motyvai, skatinantys įmones plėsti veiklą užsienio rinkose. Išanalizuoti įmonės produkcijos eksporto didinimo būdai, akcentuojant eksporto marketingo strategijos parengimo būtinumą, aprašyta įvairių užsienio šalių patirtis šioje srityje. Išnagrinėti garsiausių autorių įmonės produkcijos eksporto plėtros planavimo proceso etapai. Pateikta eksporto plėtros efektyvumo įvertinimo metodika. Pateikti autorės siūlomi įmonės produkcijos eksporto didinimo proceso etapai. Išanalizuoti ir pagal svarbą surūšiuoti veiksniai, lemiantys buitinės technikos pardavimų apimtį. Pateiktas buitinės technikos gamybos įmonės produkcijos eksporto plėtros modelis, siejantis įmonės veiklos planus su jos galimybėmis. Išnagrinėta konkrečios buitinės technikos gamybos (šaldytuvų) įmonės veikla tarptautinėje rinkoje. Atlikta šaldytuvų gamybos įmonės produkcijos eksporto... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>This Master paper is an attempt to discuss strategies, methods, motives and possibilities of the international development of Snaigė SC as well as to present the results of the research. Snaige SC is the only producer of household refrigerators and freezers in Lithuania and the Baltic States.
The main objective of this work is to analysis and understand the importance of export readiness for the development of the company in theory and use this information in practice for Ltd. Object of the study: development of export.
The aims of the paper are the following:
1. To provide theoretical description of the strategies, essential for the Company’s integration into international business, reveal the methods and motives for international development and give emphasis to potential advantages of such a development.
2. To analyse the international markets in which Snaigė SC participates and introduce the policies and goals of the Company.
Export is globally extending the boundaries of the business world. Once a company has decided to sell products overseas, it is necessary to develop an export plan. An effective export plan will help evaluate your strengths and weaknesses when entering the export market. But before preparing an export plan economists recomment making export analysis, as with any other business practice, exporting comes with its own set of opportunities and challenges that you must know beforehand. The export Diagnostic will help to evaluate your export readiness and... [to full text]
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Vaitkevičiūtė, Agnė. "Eksporto apribojimų draudimas laisvame prekių judėjime." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060315_133540-33230.
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It is emphasized, that both fiscal (tariff) export restrictions and non–fiscal (non–tariff) export restrictions shall be prohibited between Member States. Fiscal (tariff) export restrictions are customs duties on exports and charges having equivalent effect. Measures having equivalent effect can be distinguished to distinctly and indistinctly applicable measures and discriminatory and non–discriminatory measures. Only discriminatory measures, which usually are distinctly applicable, are forbidden. But the possibility, that even indistinctly applicable measures can be discriminatory and distinctly applicable measures can be non–discriminatory, is not discounted.
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SILOTE, G. P. "Efeitos Comportamentais da Cetamina em Ratos Expostos ao Labirinto em t Elevado: Possível Envolvimento da Via de Sinalização de Bdnf/trkb na Matéria Cinzenta Periaquedutal." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/8110.
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tese_9838_019 - Dissertação Mestrado PPGBF Gabriela Pandini Silote.pdf: 2711420 bytes, checksum: 8b1f99cd99fbf2d5e2e1a4b0070122d6 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2016-04-06<br>A cetamina é um antagonista não competitivo dos receptores glutamatérgicos do tipo N-metil-D-aspartato (NMDA). Estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos têm sugerido que ela apresenta efeito antidepressivo de início rápido e relativamente persistente. O mecanismo de ação envolvido nesse efeito parece ser mais complexo do que o simples bloqueio dos receptores NMDA, envolve a ativação dos receptores α-amino-3-hidroxi-5-metil-4-isoazolepropiônico (AMPA) e da via de sinalização do fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro (BDNF) e do receptor de tirosina cinase B (TrκB). Diversos fármacos antidepressivos são eficazes no tratamento do transtorno de ansiedade generalizada (TAG) e no transtorno do pânico (TP) somente após tratamento crônico, é possível que a cetamina apresente efeito ansiolítico ou panicolítico de forma rápida e persistente. O labirinto em T elevado (LTE) é um modelo que permite avaliar, no mesmo procedimento, dois tipos de ansiedade: a ansiedade aprendida (esquiva inibitória), relacionada com o Transtorno de Ansiedade Generalizada (TAG), e a ansiedade inata (fuga), relacionada com Transtorno de Pânico (TP). O objetivo do estudo foi investigar os efeitos comportamentais induzidos pela cetamina em ratos expostos ao LTE e o possível envolvimento da via BDNF/ TrκB na MCP (matéria cinzenta periaquedutal) nesses efeitos. Os resultados mostraram que a cetamina de 10 e 30 mg/Kg (doses subanestésicas) administrada de forma aguda não alteraram o comportamento dos ratos no LTE. Já a dose anestésica (80 mg/Kg), prejudicou a fuga 1, o que pode sugerir efeito tipo-panicolítico rápido. Quando a cetamina 10 mg/Kg foi administrada 24 horas antes do teste no LTE, houve facilitação da Fuga 1, o que pode sugerir um efeito tipo-panicogênico tardio. Já a dose anestésica da cetamina administrada 24 horas antes do teste facilitou à esquiva, o que sugere um efeito tipo-ansiogênico tardio, e ao mesmo tempo prejudicou a fuga 1, sugerindo um efeito tipo-panicolítico persistente. E o 5-metil-10,11-dihidroxi-5Hdibenzo(a,d)ciclo-heten-5,10-imina ; 0,05mg/Kg (MK-801; 0,05 mg/Kg) 24 horas antes do teste não alterou o comportamento dos animais. Quando a cetamina foi administrada diretamente na MCPD (matéria cinzenta periaquedutal dorsal) observou-se que apenas a dose mais baixa, de 2µg, facilitou a fuga 1, o que caracteriza um efeito tipo-panicogênico rápido. Além disso, nenhum dos esquemas de administração e doses empregados alteraram a atividade locomotora dos animais no campo aberto. Para investigar o envolvimento da via de sinalização de BDNF/TrκB nos efeitos da cetamina e do MK-801 na ansiedade no LTE, foi realizado a quantificação de TrκB total e fosforilado nos resíduos 706/707 e 515 de tirosina (Y-706/707 e Y-515) da MCP de ratos. A cetamina 80mg/Kg e o MK-801 0,05 mg/Kg administrados agudamente antes da coleta da MCP, não induziram alteração estatisticamente significante na quantidade de pTrκB nos resíduos Y-706/707 e Y-515. Adicionalmente, a cetamina 10 e 80 mg/Kg, administrada aproximadamente 24 horas antes da coleta da MCP, não induziu alteração estatisticamente significante na quantidade de pTrκB no resíduo Y-706/707 e Y-515. Em conclusão, os resultados encontrados mostraram que a cetamina pode ter um efeito muito discreto no pânico, sendo que esse efeito depende tanto da dose quanto do esquema de administração. Ainda, pelo menos o efeito panicogênico da cetamina parece envolver a MCPD
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Ulhôa, Michele Paoline de Marins [UNESP]. "Desgaste abrasivo e dureza de seis resinas compostas expostas a diferentes tempos de fotopolimerização com aparelhos de LED e lâmpada incandescente." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88482.
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ulhoa_mpm_me_bauru.pdf: 4701106 bytes, checksum: 92fca12bc8517cc3f9df59893cd0503c (MD5)<br>Secretaria de Educação do Estado de São Paulo<br>A Humanidade, ao buscar as melhoras nas suas condições de vida, vem desenvolvendo materiais capazes de reparar e melhorar imperfeições naturais e acidentais. Encontra nas resinas compostas, constantemente utilizadas por dentistas, uma maneira de reparar imperfeições e perdas de materiais dentários no ser humano. A escolha de resinas compostas em substituição aos antigos materiais de restauração, como o amálgama, se dá pelo fato de serem fáceis de preparar, apresentarem menor desgaste, serem praticamente imperceptíveis após sua aplicação devido à grande quantidade de cores fornecidas pelos fabricantes. Porém não apresentam desgaste semelhante ao do esmalte dentário, sendo necessária substituição com o passar do tempo, devido ao desgaste abrasivo. Dentre os vários fatores determinantes do processo de desgaste abrasivo, encontram-se, genericamente, as características da própria resina e do preparo cavitário, assim como da restauração confeccionada e das condições das agressões a que ela for submetida. Para fazer a medição da resistência ao desgaste abrasivo, utilizou-se o método do disco retificado aperfeiçoado para Odontologia (COELHO, 1991; BIANCHI et al., 2002). É utilizado um banco de ensaios onde um disco dinâmico revestido com porcelana desgasta um disco estático revetido com a resina polimerizada em um tempo pré-estabelecido...<br>Humanity, when searching for a better life conditions, is developing materials capable to repair and to improve natural and accidental imperfections. It finds in composite resins, constantly used for dentists, a way to repair imperfections and losses of human dental material. The composed resin choice in substituion to the old restoration materials, as the amalgamates, it is for the fact of being easy to prepare, to present less wear, to be practically invisible after its application due to great amount of colors supplied for the manufacturers. However they do not show similar wear as the dental enamel, being necessary the substitution after a while, due to the abrasive wear. Among some determinative factors of the process of abrasive wear, there are, generically, the characteristics of the resin and the cavitary preparation, as well as the confectioned restoration and the conditions of the aggressions that it is submitted. To make the measurement of the resistance to the abrasive wear, the method of the rectified circular surface improved for odontology was used (COELHO, 1991; BIANCHI et al., 2002). A Test bench is used where a dynamic circular surface covered with porcelain consumes a static circular surface covered with the polymerized resin in a pre-established time... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
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Ulhôa, Michele Paoline de Marins. "Desgaste abrasivo e dureza de seis resinas compostas expostas a diferentes tempos de fotopolimerização com aparelhos de LED e lâmpada incandescente /." Bauru : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88482.
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Orientador: Eduardo Carlos Bianchi<br>Banca: Cesar Antunes de Freitas<br>Banca: Paulo Noronha Lisboa Filho<br>O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais, PosMat, tem caráter institucional e integra as atividades de pesquisa em materiais de diversos campi da Unesp<br>Resumo: A Humanidade, ao buscar as melhoras nas suas condições de vida, vem desenvolvendo materiais capazes de reparar e melhorar imperfeições naturais e acidentais. Encontra nas resinas compostas, constantemente utilizadas por dentistas, uma maneira de reparar imperfeições e perdas de materiais dentários no ser humano. A escolha de resinas compostas em substituição aos antigos materiais de restauração, como o amálgama, se dá pelo fato de serem fáceis de preparar, apresentarem menor desgaste, serem praticamente imperceptíveis após sua aplicação devido à grande quantidade de cores fornecidas pelos fabricantes. Porém não apresentam desgaste semelhante ao do esmalte dentário, sendo necessária substituição com o passar do tempo, devido ao desgaste abrasivo. Dentre os vários fatores determinantes do processo de desgaste abrasivo, encontram-se, genericamente, as características da própria resina e do preparo cavitário, assim como da restauração confeccionada e das condições das agressões a que ela for submetida. Para fazer a medição da resistência ao desgaste abrasivo, utilizou-se o método do disco retificado aperfeiçoado para Odontologia (COELHO, 1991; BIANCHI et al., 2002). É utilizado um banco de ensaios onde um disco dinâmico revestido com porcelana desgasta um disco estático revetido com a resina polimerizada em um tempo pré-estabelecido... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: Humanity, when searching for a better life conditions, is developing materials capable to repair and to improve natural and accidental imperfections. It finds in composite resins, constantly used for dentists, a way to repair imperfections and losses of human dental material. The composed resin choice in substituion to the old restoration materials, as the amalgamates, it is for the fact of being easy to prepare, to present less wear, to be practically invisible after its application due to great amount of colors supplied for the manufacturers. However they do not show similar wear as the dental enamel, being necessary the substitution after a while, due to the abrasive wear. Among some determinative factors of the process of abrasive wear, there are, generically, the characteristics of the resin and the cavitary preparation, as well as the confectioned restoration and the conditions of the aggressions that it is submitted. To make the measurement of the resistance to the abrasive wear, the method of the rectified circular surface improved for odontology was used (COELHO, 1991; BIANCHI et al., 2002). A Test bench is used where a dynamic circular surface covered with porcelain consumes a static circular surface covered with the polymerized resin in a pre-established time... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)<br>Mestre
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Gudinienė, Lina, and Ingrida Kleinauskytė. "Eksporto plėtros galimybių Lietuvoje įvertinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090909_091232-77307.
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Magistro darbe yra išanalizuotos ir įvertintos Lietuvos eksporto plėtros galimybės 2004 – 2008 metų laikotarpiui. Sukaupta, susisteminta ir apibendrinta įvairių Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių mokslinė literatūra, siekiant išsiaiškinti tarptautinės prekybos sampratą, eksporto įtaką Lietuvos ekonomikai, Lietuvos ekonominės politikos poveikį eksportui. Pateikiama eksporto nauda Lietuvai ir įvertinti veiksniai, įtakojantys eksporto pokyčius. Atlikta Lietuvos eksporto dinamikos analizė pagal šalis bei prekių grupes bei įvertinti užsienio prekybos pokyčiai, Lietuvai tapus Europos Sąjungos nare. Išanalizuotos lietuviškos kilmės prekių eksporto galimybės. Patvirtinta suformuluota hipotezė, kad lietuviška produkcija turi perspektyvą įsitvirtinti užsienio rinkoje.<br>The Master‘s Paper analyses and assesses the export expansion possibilities in Lithuania in 2004 – 2008. Scientific literature of various Lithuanian and foreign authors has been collected, systemized and summarized in order to identify the concept of international trading, impact of export on the economy of Lithuania, impact of Lithuanian economical politics to the export. The benefit of export to Lithuania has been described and the factors impacting the changes of export have been assessed. Analysis of Lithuanian export dynamics was performed by countries and groups of the goods and changes of foreign trading have been assessed after Lithuania became the member of the European Union. The export possibilities for the goods of Lithuanian origin have been analyzed. The formulated hypothesis that the Lithuanian products have a perspective to strengthen a position in the foreign market has been approved.
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Griauzdaitė, Justina. "Lietuvos ir euroregionų ekonominės plėtros palyginimas ,,2000 -2008’’." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100908_111712-31900.
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Euroregionai Europoje egzistuoja jau nuo šeštojo XX a. dešimtmečio. Tačiau universalios euroregiono sampratos dar nėra. Pateikiamuose euroregiono apibrėžimuose aiškiai pabrėžiama, kad tai struktūros, turinčios teritorinį apibrėžtumą. Svarbus aspektas – euroregioną sudarančių narių lygybė bei teisinis pamatas, reglamentuojantis veiklą. Euroregionų skirtingumui įtakos turi įkūrimo tikslų bei uždavinių įvairumas, veiklos prioritetų nevienodumas. Magistro darbe siekiama supažindinti su euroregionų veikla bei vystymuisi nuo 2000 iki 2008 metų. Pagrindinis tyrimo aspektas – makroekonominių rodiklių kaitos dinamika ir išsivystymo skirtumai skirtingose teritorijose esančiuose euroregionuose. Analizuojam bendrosios pridėtinės vertės (BPV), bendrojo vidaus produkto (BVP), materialinių investicijų, tiesioginių užsienio investicijų, ir eksporto rodikliai euroregionuose. Tyrimu siekiama statistiškai pagrįsti objekto (šiuo atveju euroregiono) esminius požymius, jo funkcionavimo veiksnius. Euroregionas pateikiamas kaip vientisa sudėtinga sistema turinti begalę trūkumų, kurių pagrindinis – daugiamatiškumas. Darbe siekiama kuo labiau atsiriboti nuo istorinio ir socialinio konteksto ir rezultatus pateikti tik ekonominiame kontekste. Magistro darbas parašytas naudojantis aprašomaisiais, statistinių ir kitų šaltinių analizės bei grafiniu metodais.<br>Euregions in Europe there is already the sixth of the twentieth century decade. However, the universal concept of the Euroregion yet. Submissions Euroregion definition clearly states that this structure, a spatial predictability. An important aspect - making up the Euroregion equality and legal basis regulating the activities. Euroregions the difference is affected by the establishment of diversity goals and objectives, operational priorities of inequality. Master work to make the Euroregion activities and development from 2000 to 2008. The main aspect of the study - macroeconomic dynamics of change and development in the different territories of the Euroregion. Analyzed the gross value added (GVA), gross domestic product (GDP), capital investment, foreign direct investment and export performance of the Euroregion. The study seeks to statistically justify the object (in this case, the Euroregion) the essential features of the functioning of factors. Euroregion presented as an integrated complex system with myriad shortcomings, the principal - daugiamatiškumas. The paper aims to maximize distance from the historical and social context, and results only in an economic context. Master thesis is written using descriptive, statistical and other sources for analysis and graphical methods.
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Kunak, Juraj. "Justification of restrictions on imports or exports of goods on the grounds of the protection of health and life of humans, animals or plants." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130205_095138-00887.
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The present master thesis provides the reader with overall and detailed review of jurisdiction of the CJEU in correlation with primary and secondary law of the European Union regarding justification of restrictions on imports or exports of goods on the grounds of the protection of health and life of humans, animals or plants pursuant to the art.36 of TFEU. The very first part deals with the essence of the free movement goods. It explains the concept of the prohibition on custom duties on imports and exports and charges having equivalent effect and quantitative restrictions on imports and exports and all measures having equivalent effect. Simultaneously this part demonstrates the application of the art.36 of TFEU and presents mandatory requirements and their purpose. The second part clarifies the concept of goods according to the European Union law, examples and provides proper definition. The third part presents the core of the thesis. It is subdivided into more than 10 parts. It contains explanations regarding principle of proportionality, protection of health and life of humans, total bans, precautionary principle, sufficiently rigorous risk assessment doctrine, protection of health and life of animals, prohibition on use, labeling requirements, or protection of the environment. The most relevant and most widely-known cases were chosen and analyzed in order to present the approach of the CJEU to the disputable measures and their justifications.<br>Šis baigiamasis magistro darbas suteikia skaitytojui bendrą, visaapimančią ir išsamią ESTT jurisdikcijos apžvalgą dėl importo ir eksporto prekių ribojimo pagrįstumo sąlygų žmonių, gyvūnų ar augalų sveikatos bei gyvybės apsaugos tikslais pagal SESV 36 straipsnį, remiantis pirminiais bei antriniais Europos Sąjungos teisės aktais. Pirmojoje dalyje kalbama apie laisvo prekių judėjimo esmę. Čia paaiškinama importo ir eksporto muitų bei lygiaverčio poveikio mokėjimų bei kiekybinių importo ir eksporto apribojimų bei lygiaverčio poveikio priemonių draudimo koncepcija. Taip pat, ši dalis pademonstruoja SESV 36 str. veikimą, pabrėžiant privalomuosius reikalavimus bei jų tikslus. Antrojoje dalis paaiškina prekių sampratą remiantis Europos Sąjungos teise,pateikia pavyzdžių bei deramą apibrėžimą. Trečiojoje dalyje pateiktas baigiamojo magistro darbo pagrindas. Ši dalis yra suskirstyta į daugiau kaip 10 dalių. Čia yra sutelkti paaiškinimai dėl proporcingumo principo, žmonių sveikatos ir gyvybės apsaugos, visiško draudimo, atsargumo principo, pakankamai griežtos rizikos vertinimo doktrinos, gyvūnų sveikatos ir gyvybės apsaugos, naudojimo draudimo, ženklinimo reikalavimų bei aplinkos apsaugos. Siekiant pristatyti ESTT požiūrį į abejotinas priemones bei ribojimo pagrįstumo sąlygas yra analizuojamios aktualiausios ir plačiausiai žinomos bylos.
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Krutinis, Mindaugas. "Statybos eksporto efektyvumo didinimas taikant internetines sprendimų paramos ir žinių sistemas." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20061206_202651-32401.
Full textAbstract:
Pagrindinis tyrimo tikslas – pasiūlyti analizės metodus, skirtus statybos eksporto žiniomis grįstai sprendimų paramos sistemai kurti. •Įvertinti statybos eksporto efektyvumą daugiakriterinės analizės metodais. •Pritaikyti ekspertinius metodus, kuriant statybos eksporto galimybių analizės ir geriausios patirties žinių bazės sistemą; atlikti užsienio šalių statybos eksporto sektoriaus analizę, pasitelkiant naujausias informacines ir telekomunikacines technologijas. •Analizuoti pasaulinio interneto tinklo, kaip užsienio statybos pramonės rinkos tyrimų įrankio taikymą. •Pateikti pasiūlymus, kaip naudojant naujausias informacines technologijas ir žinių sistemas sumažinti eksporto sąnaudas, padidinti efektyvumą.<br>The main aim of the research: to offer analysis methods for development of a knowledge-based decision support system in the sphere of construction export: to evaluate the effectiveness of construction export using methods of multiple criteria analysis; to make use of expert methods when developing the system of feasibility study of construction export and the knowledge base of best experience; to describe application of internet as a tool in analysis of foreign markets and provide offers to exporters of the Lithuanian construction branch on how to use Internet in their activities thus granting improvement of export effectiveness; to provide offers on how to reduce export cost and improve effectiveness and quality by using the newest IT and knowledge systems.
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Milašienė, Regina. "Užsienio prekybos įtaka šalies ekonomikai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070108_120609-14012.
Full textAbstract:
Užsienio prekyba yra būtina rinkos ekonomikos sąlygomis. Šiandiena be užsienio
prekybos plėtros yra neįmanoma pasaulinė ekonomikos raida. Užsienio prekyba daro tiesioginę
įtaką šalies vidaus rinkai: aktyvėja konkurencija, nes atsiranda pajėgūs konkurentai iš užsienio.
Padidėjusi konkurencija verčia vietiniam gamintojams konkuruoti ne tik kainomis, bet prekės
kokybe, dizainu ir pan.
Tarptautinė prekyba – tai apsikeitimas prekėmis ir paslaugomis tarp valstybių. Tarptautinė
prekyba įpareigoja šalis gauti tam tikrą prekių ir paslaugų pigiau, negu jos pačios gali pasigaminti
(lyginamasis pranašumas), arba sudaro sąlygas vartoti prekes ir paslaugas, kurių nebūtų galima
gauti iš savo šalies tiekėjų (pavyzdžiui, mažai žaliavų arba pažangesnė technologija).
Lietuvos vykdoma ekonominė politika šiuo metu grindžiama į eksportą orientuotos plėtros
modeliu. Tikėtina, jog ateityje stiprės lietuviškų produktų skverbimasis į naujas ES ir pasaulio
rinkas, ypač bus didelė paklausa geros kokybės ekologiškiems ir natūraliems maisto produktams.
Lietuvos eksporto apimtys per pastaruosius šešis metus išaugo 130,87 proc. t.y. nuo 14,1
mlrd. Lt 2000 m. iki 32.76 mlrd. Lt 2005 m.
2004 m. gegužės mėn. Lietuva tapo Europos Sąjungos (toliau – ES) nare. ES iš penkiolikos
šalių (ES-15) tapo dvidešimt penkių šalių grupe (ES-25). Lietuvos integracija į ES paveikė visą
Lietuvos ūkį, įskaitant ir Lietuvos užsienio prekybinius santykius. Apie teigiamą integracijos į ES
įtaką šalies užsienio prekybos plėtrai... [to full text]<br>The policy of economics of Lithuania is based on the model of expansion orientated to the export. It is credible that entering of Lithuanian production to new markets of European Union and entire world will strengthen in future, also the demand of good quality ecological and natural foodstuff will be especially great.
The range of the export of Lithuania has grown for 130, 87 per cent, that is from 14, 1 billion of litas in the year of 2000 up to 32, 76 billion of litas in the year of 2005.
Lithuania became the member of European Union (EU) on March of 2004. EU earlier consisted of 15 states members (EU-15) became a group of 25 states (EU-25). The integration of Lithuania to EU had influenced all economy / farm of Lithuania including commercial relations with foreign countries. The growth of ranges of the export shows positive influence of the integration to EU on state’s expansion of foreign trade. The export has grown for 24, 2 per cent comparing first half-year of 2004 and first half-year of 2005.
According to analysis of goods structure of the export of period of 2000 – 2005 the greatest part of the export was composed of mineral products – 176, 4 per cent, machines and mechanisms – 151, 8 per cent, transport and transport equipment – 161, 60 per cent.
The range of the import of Lithuania within last six years has grown for 97, 7 per cent, that is from 21, 8 billion of litas in the year of 2000 up to 43, 1 billion of litas in the year of 2005. According to goods... [to full text]
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Matuzonis, Tomas. "Lietuvos tarptautinės prekybos plėtros galimybės." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070108_121629-16562.
Full textAbstract:
Kiekvienos valstybės ekonominė raida yra priklausoma nuo tarptautinių ekonominių santykių. Tarptautinė prekyba stipriai įtakoja tokius valstybių ekonominius rodiklius kaip bendrą vidaus produktą (BVP), mokėjimų balansą, ūkio augimo tempus, užimtumą ir kt., todėl jos analizės jokiu būdu negalima atmesti Autorius darbe pateikia Lietuvos užsienio prekybos raidos ir struktūros analizę 1990-2005 metais. Supažindinama su tarptautinės prekybos teoriniais aspektais, teorijomis, skirtingai aiškinančiomis tarptautinės prekybos svarbą valstybės ekonominiuose procesuose. Nagrinėjamos Lietuvos užsienio prekybos ekonominės, socialinės ir politinės prielaidos ir reikšmė. Analizuojama Lietuvos užsienio prekybos apimtis, dinamika, balansas, plačiau aptariami svarbiausi užsienio prekybos partneriai, geografinė struktūra. Nagrinėjama Lietuvos užsienio prekybos importo - eksporto prekinė struktūra, jos kitimo tendencijos. Koreliacinės – regresinės analizės gautų rezultatų pagalba, įrodoma BVP priklausomybė nuo eksporto ir importo srautų. Analizės pagalba nustatoma, kad šiandieninis Lietuvos BVP augimas yra labiau veikiamas importo nei eksporto srautų. Lietuvos tarptautinei prekybai plėtoti autorius siūlo priemonių programą, kurios tikslas - sudaryti palankesnes sąlygas Lietuvos eksporto plėtrai, tradicinių ir naujų eksporto sričių augimui, didesniam lietuviškos kilmės produkcijos pardavimui, bei informacijos apie Lietuvą ir jos gaminamą produkciją bei teikiamas paslaugas skleidimui.<br>The development of each countries economy is dependant on international relations. International trade makes big impact on such economical indicators as GDP (Gross Domestic Product), balance of payments, rate of economy growth, unemployment rate, etc. This is why international trade must be carefully analyzed.
The author analyses development and structure of Lithuania’s international trade in the period of 1990 to 2005. Theoretical aspects of international trade, it’s theories, which represent different interpretations of impact of international trade to economical processes, are presented in this work. The study of economical, social and political background of Lithuania’s international trade has been made, as well as the analysis of the scope of Lithuania’s international trade, it’s dynamics, balance, geographical structure, a broader view of the most important partners. The structure of Lithuanian import – export and it’s trends. The dependence of Lithuania’s GDP to export and import flows has been proven with the help of correlative – regressive analysis. The findings of such an analysis also tells that today Lithuania’s economical growth is more influenced on import rather than export.
The program for development of Lithuania’s international trade has been given by the author of this work. It’s primary purpose is to give better conditions for Lithuanian export to expand, growth of traditional and new export directions, bigger sales of Lithuanian – made production... [to full text]
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Mikutaitė, Birutė. "Lietuvos užsienio prekyba Europos Sąjungos kontekste." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070103_125111-45708.
Full textAbstract:
Magistro baigiamajame darbe „Lietuvos užsienio prekyba Europos Sąjungos kontekste“
nagrinėjama užsienio prekyba Lietuvoje ir jos kitimas 1990 – 2005 metų laikotarpyje.
Nagrinėjamu laikotarpiu reformų pagrindu įvykęs ūkio nuosmukis ir Rusijos krizė neigiamai
įtakojo užsienio prekybą, todėl jos apimtys krito. 2000 m. ekonominis nuosmukis baigėsi.
Lietuvos gamintojai perorientavo prekybos srautus iš Rytų į Vakarų valstybes. Užsienio prekyba
augo intensyviai, kol 2005 m. pasiek÷ aukščiausią lygį. Prekybos liberalizavimas, įstojimas į ES,
PPO turėjo teigiamos įtakos importo ir eksporto plėtrai.
Darbo objektas – Lietuvos užsienio prekyba 1990 – 2005 metais.
Darbo tikslas – remiantis statistiniais matematiniais metodais pagal užsienio prekybos
statistinius duomenis išanalizuoti Lietuvos užsienio prekybos kitimo tendencijas ir jų priežastis,
įvertinti užsienio prekybos pokyčius integruojantis į ES bendrąją rinką, nustatyti prekių grupių,
šalių ir šalių grupių įtaką užsienio prekybai.
Darbas susideda iš dviejų dalių: teorinės ir tiriamosios dalies. Darbo rezultatai
pateikiami suformuluojant išvadas ir teikiant pasiūlymus. Darbe pateiktos 8 diagramos ir 19
priedų.
Teorinėje dalyje apžvelgiama užsienio prekybos istorija, jos teorijos, tyrimo metodai,
konkurencingumas, eksportą ir importą įtakojantys veiksniai, laisvosios prekybos poveikis
užsienio prekybai.
Analitinėje darbo dalyje apžvelgiama eksporto ir importo dinamika bei jų pokyčių
pagrindiniai veiksniai. Taikant matematinius... [to full text]<br>Foreign trade and its’ dynamics tendencies of Lithuania is analyzed in this final work of master in 1990 – 2005. Economics recession and Russia crisis has a negative impact on foreign trade of Lithuania. The decline in trade reduced its volume. Foreign trade was on the increase in 2000 – 2005. Lithuanian manufacturers have found market in the West countries. The volume of trade reached the new high level in 2005. Entry to European Union (EU), World Trade Organization (WTO) and trade liberality had a positive impact to export and import expansion.
The work object is Lithuanian foreign trade in 1990 – 2005.
The main aim of this work is to analyze foreign trade dynamic tendencies; to assess foreign trade changes in the process of integration to EU market, to assess the influence of exported and imported commodity groups, states and states groups to Lithuanian foreign trade.
The final work contains two parts: theory and practice. There are 8 diagrams in this work. There are deductions, recommendations, literature and 19 appendices at the end of this final work.
There is reviewed foreign trade history, theories, research methods, competitive abilities, influence factors of export and import, free trade demand and supply in the first (theory) part.
There is analyzed export, import dynamics and their main factors in the second (practice) part of the work. Computing statistical mathematical methods and calculations there was used factorial – indexation (correlation) analysis to... [to full text]
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Miškinytė, Jovita. "Tarptautinės prekybos pokyčiai bei protekcionistinės priemonės Lietuvai įstojus į ES." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070109_144019-26698.
Full textAbstract:
Tapus Europos Sąjungos nare, Lietuvoje pasikeitė kai kurie ekonominiai ir teisiniai
aspektai, reguliuojantys tarptautinę prekybą. Todėl yra svarbu susipažinti su galiojančiais
reglamentais bei kitais veiksniais (muitinės), kurie nustato reikalavimus tarptautinei prekybai.
Taip pat svarbu sekti pokyčius prekyboje, siekiant išnaudoti atsiradusias galimybes įstojus į ES.
Darbo objektas yra tarptautinės prekybos režimo pasikeitimai, Lietuvai įstojus į ES.
Darbo tikslas yra išanalizuoti tarptautinės prekybos pokyčius Lietuvai įstojus į ES. Šiam tikslui
pasiekti yra numatyti tokie uždaviniai: apibūdinti tarptautinės prekybos ir protekcionizmo
sampratą; apžvelgti Lietuvos tarptautinės prekybos politikos raidą; apibūdinti tarptautinės
prekybos Lietuvoje teisinį reglamentavimą; išanalizuoti ES bendrosios prekybos politiką;
išanalizuoti Lietuvos muitinių veiklos pokyčius; išanalizuoti užsienio prekybos struktūrą. Darbe
naudojami tokie metodai, tai yra, mokslinės literatūros apžvalga, publikacijų analizė, teisinių
dokumentų bei lyginamoji analizė.
Darbe pateikiama tarptautinės prekybos bei protekcionizmo samprata, teorijos, užsienio
prekyboje taikomos priemonės. Analizuojama bendra prekybos politika (bendri išorės muitai,
vienodos prekybos reguliavimo priemonės visose ES valstybėse, sudaromi bendri prekybos
susitarimai su trečiosiomis šalimis), kuri yra taikoma Lietuvai įstojus į ES. Taip pat analizuojami
muitinių veiklos bei užsienio prekybos struktūros pokyčiai.
Taigi ES viduje... [to full text]<br>With the newly acquired membership in the European Union, certain economical and legal aspects regulating international trade have undergone changes in Lithuania. Thus, with a host of norms regulating trade between member states, the work in the new legal environment has become one of the major challenges facing Lithuania’s companies. Monitoring of trade-related changes with a view of benefiting from the new opportunities that have emerged with the country’s accession to the EU is not less important.
The subject of this paper relates to changes in the international trade regime upon Lithuania’s accession to the EU. The objective of the work is to make analysis of changes in international trade upon Lithuania’s accession to the EU. To achieve this objective the following goals have been set: to define the concept of international trade and protectionism; to review the evolution of Lithuania’s international trade policy; to define the country’s legal regulation of international trade; to analyze the EU common trade policies; to analyze changes in Lithuania’s customs activities; to analyze the foreign trade structure.
The methods used for this work are: review of research literature, analysis of publications, analysis of legal documents as well as comparative analysis.
The work describes the concepts of international trade and protectionism, the underlying theoretical background, tools and remedies applied in international trade. The general trade policy as applicable for... [to full text]
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Josas, Aidas. "Mobiliųjų telefonų duomenų apskaitos automatizavimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050111_083122-73966.
Full textAbstract:
New technologies gives us possibility to step to new, more automated, level and to guarantee bigger efficiency. It requires comprehensive perfection and stepping to higher level.
The ability of human being to analyze and process information flows is quite limited and requires big time recourses, that’s why complex of technical and programmable instrumentality would be needed to guarantee exactness of information, timeliness, automated information processing.
In these days companies more are discussing about the possibilities how to computerize the activity process than about the need of this process generally.
In any activity important is exact, timeliness and automated information.
By the way, we must not forget that any program equipment will not fulfill all the job: to fulfill the tasks we need to have human recourses who will be able to use this program equipment as a tool, who will have ability to analyze and estimate received results.
Only in this way there is possibility to increase efficiency with the help of program equipment.
There are four production lines connected in one mill, that can work separately according their production capacity.
Many big companies in their activity already long time are using mobile telecommunications. But only in these years, when the amount of jobs and speed of life is increasing and after new technologies came in to the life, mobile technologies are more and more entering to the business of big or middle companies as well as... [to full text]
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Vidrinskienė, Daiva. "Tarptautinės prekybos duomenų surinkimas ir apdorojimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20061214_190606-14429.
Full textAbstract:
Darbe išanalizuota kaip surenkami ir apdorojami užsienio prekybos statistikos
duomenys, jų surinkimo ir apskaitos tvarką reglamentuojantys teisės aktai. Aptartos duomenų
surinkimo sistemos (Ekstrastatas ir Intrastatas) ir prekybos sistemos (Bendroji ir Specialioji).
Išnagrinėti prekių klasifikatoriai, eksportuojamų ir importuojamų prekių vieneto vertės ir kainų
indeksai. Išanalizuoti užsienio prekybos duomenys.
Tarptautinės prekybos duomenys apima dvi dalis: prekybą su ES šalimis ir prekybą su
ne ES šalimis. Duomenis surinkti padeda Intrastato ir Ekstrastato duomenų surinkimo sistemos,
kurių duomenų šaltinis yra Intrastato ataskaitos ir Bendrasis administracinis dokumentas. Už
duomenų surinkimą Lietuvoje yra atsakinga muitinė. Surinkti duomenys perduodami Statistikos
departamentui, kur jie apdorojami remiantis Specialiosios prekybos sistemos taisyklėmis.
Pagrindinis kriterijus, kuriuo remiantis prekių srautai skirstomi į eksportą ir importą, yra
muitinės procedūra.
Eksportuotos ir importuotos prekės yra klasifikuojamos pagal Kombinuotąja
nomenklatūrą. Papildomai prekės grupuojamos pagal klasifikatorius: Standartizuotą tarptautinę
prekybos klasifikaciją (SITC), Makroekonomikos kategorijų klasifikaciją (BEC), ekonominės
veiklos rūšių klasifikaciją (NACE), produktų pagal veiklos rūšis klasifikaciją (CPA)ir kt.
Taip pat darbe išnagrinėti kainų indeksai, nes analizuojant tarptautinės prekybos
duomenis, ne visada užtenka nustatyti prekybos apyvartos pasikeitimą, kadangi ją gali... [to full text]<br>In this work you can find analysis on ways how foreign trade statistical data are collected and processed, it also comprises analysis of basic law acts made on foreign trade statistical data collection and accounting. It is discussed external trade data collection systems (Extrastat and Intrastat) and trade systems (General and Special). The goods’ classifiers, unit value and price indices of exported and imported goods are examined. The analyses with real foreign trade statistical data are made.
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Tislenko, Julija. "JAV nacionalnė eksporto strategija ir jos kontrolės sistema." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070108_122654-48255.
Full textAbstract:
Užsienio prekyba – seniausi tarptautiniai santykiai, todėl be jos analizės neįmanoma padaryti pilnaverčių išvadų apie šalies ekonomikos būklę. Šalies užsienio prekybos politika reguliuoja ekonominius santykius su kitomis šalimis, todėl kiekviena valstybė ją vykdo savaip.
Šio darbo tema - „JAV nacionalinė eksporto strategija ir jo kontrolės sistema“.
Pasirinkta tema yra aktuali. JAV ekonominė ateitis labai priklauso nuo jos gebėjimų konkuruoti pasaulinėje ekonomikoje. Nacionalinė eksporto strategija atspindi tą faktą, jog eksportas yra JAV ekonominės sveikatos ir pragyvenimo lygio pagrindas. Kadangi su eksportu susiję darbai yra geriau apmokami, o eksportuojančios įmonės dažniau veikia sėkmingai, yra aišku, kad kuo stipriau JAV kreips savo ekonomiką į eksportavimo sritis, tuo labiau prisidės prie visuomenės stabilumo bei aukštesnio visų JAV gyventojų pragyvenimo lygio.
Darbo tikslas - išnagrinėti eksporto, kaip užsienio prekybos dalies, skatinimo bei tobulinimo svarbą šalies ekonomikai ir išanalizuoti JAV nacionalinės eksporto strategijos sukūrimo prielaidas ir pasiekimus, bei įvertinti JAV eksportą pasaulinės ekonomikos kontekste. Siekiant numatyto tikslo darbe iškelti šie uždaviniai: apibūdinti eksporto skatinimo priemones ir strategiją; išnagrinėti JAV nacionalinės eksporto strategijos prioritetus ir pasiekimus per 1994 – 2006 metus; apžvelgti JAV eksporto kontrolės sistemą, siekiant įvertinti eksportą lemiančius veiksnius bei jį skatinančias priemones; apibūdinti JAV... [to full text]<br>Foreign trade is the oldest kind of international relationships, so it is impossible to make solid conclusions about the state of country‘s economics without analyzing it‘s foreign trade. Country‘s foreign trade policy regulates economic relations with other countries, this is why each nation differently administers and implements this policy.
The subject chosen is relevant. U.S. economic future heavily depends on it‘s ability to compete in the global economic environment. National Export Strategy reflects the fact that export is the backbone of U.S. economical health and standard of living. The export related jobs have higher salaries and the exporting companies more often are successful so it is clear that the more U.S. will orient it‘s economics into the fields of export, the more the contribution to the stability of community and the higher standard of living for the U.S. population will be.
Objectives – to study the relevance of export promotion and improvement to the national economics and to analyze the background and the achievements of the U.S. National Export Strategy; and to evaluate U.S. export in the context of global economy.
The tasks raised in order to achieve the objectives: to describe export promotion measures and strategy; to analyze the priorities and achievements of the U.S. National Export Strategy during the period between 1994 and 2006; to review the U.S. export control system in order to evaluate the export determining factors and the export... [to full text]
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Tsai, Sunny. "The Growth of Consumer Debt and its Effect on Economic Performance in Emerging Market Economies: Turkey, China, Brazil." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/503.
Full textAbstract:
As emerging market economies gain increasing influence and importance in the global economy, any development with a potentially destabilizing effect on the economic performance on such countries should be carefully monitored. This paper examines one particular development: the rise of consumer debt. Through the case studies of Turkey, China, and Brazil, this paper seeks to analyze the relationship between an increase in consumer debt and a country's GDP growth in emerging markets and how a detrimental relationship could severely impact the international economy at large.
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Stockhammer, Engelbert. "The finance-dominated accumulation regime, income distribution and the present crisis." Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2009. http://epub.wu.ac.at/136/1/document.pdf.
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The paper discusses the interactions of changes in income distribution and the accumulation dynamics in the post-Fordist accumulation regime in OECD countries, which is characterized by deregulated financial markets. The neoliberal mode of regulation came with a decisive shift in power relations at the expense of labor, which is clearly reflected in the fall of wage shares across OECD economies. The notion of a "finance-dominated" accumulation regime is proposed to highlight that financial developments crucially shape the pattern and the pace of accumulation. Financial globalization has relaxed balance of payment constraints and thereby allowed the build up of big international imbalances. The combination of real wage moderation and financial liberalization has led to different strategies (or at least outcomes) in different countries. While some countries (like the USA) exhibit a credit-fuelled consumption-driven growth model that comes with large current account deficits, others (like Germany and Japan) show an export-driven growth model with modest consumption growth and large current account surpluses. Overall the finance-dominated accumulation regime is characterized by a mediocre growth performance and by a high degree of fragility. (author´s abstract)<br>Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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Brazauskaitė, Lina. "Lietuvos maisto produktų gamybos įrenginių rinkos tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090609_120616-03296.
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Darbe analizuojama įvairių veiksnių bei priežastinių ryšių įtaką Lietuvos maisto produktų gamybos įrenginių rinkos parametrų pokyčiams – įrenginių importo, eksporto rinkoje apimtims bei jų vertei. Tyrimų tikslas - išanalizuoti Lietuvos maisto produktų gamybos įrenginių rinkos kiekybinius pokyčius, įvertinant makroaplinkos įtaką. Darbo uždaviniai – nustatyti Lietuvos maisto produktų gamybos įrenginių importo, eksporto kiekybinius pokyčius šalyje; paklausos vertinimo ir prognozavimo ekonominių aspektų analizė bei prognozavimo metodų parinkimo kriterijai; parinkti prognozavimo metodą maisto gamybos įrenginių importo prognozei sudaryti; įvertinti gautas pirmines prognozes. Darbe yra 60 teksto puslapių, 8 lentelės, 13 paveikslų, 53 priedų puslapiai, naudota 40 literatūros šaltinių.<br>In this work there is tried to analyse of the various factors and causalities to the rates of market alterations of the food equipment in Lithuania – to the quantity and to the value of the equipment import and export in the market. The object of this research is to analyse the market quantitative alterations of the food equipment in Lithuania and to evaluate macroeconomic influence. Main tasks are to clarify the market quantitative alterations of the Lithuanian food equipment import and export in this country; the economic dimensions analyse of the demand evaluation and forecasting and the selection parameters of the forecasting methods; to select the forecasting method to make the forecast for the food equipment import; to evaluate forthcoming primary forecasts. There are 60 text pages, 8 tables, 13 pictures, 53 extras pages used 40 sources of literature.
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Tarulis, Donatas. "Pašarų, pašarų papildų bei premiksų eksporto dinamikas UAB „Biofabrikas“." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080320_144342-02761.
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Nuo 2004 metų Lietuvos užsienio prekybos deficitas nuolat augo ir 2007 metais siekė beveik 18 milijardų litų. Norint sumažinti tokį didlelį užsienio prekybos deficitą, būtina intensyvinti eksportą.
Darbo tikslas: išsiaiškinti pašarų, pašarų papildų ir premiksų rinkos tendencijas Lietuvoje ir UAB „Biofabrikas“ eksporto apimtis bei struktūrą. Išanalizavus užsienio klientų poreikius pateikti pasiūlymus eksporto plėtrai.
Tyrimo objektas - kombinuotųjų pašarų, pašarų papildų ir premiksų gamintojo UAB „Biofabrikas“ eksporto apimtys ir struktūra.
Pagrindiniai darbo uždaviniai: 1. Išanalizuoti UAB „Biofabrikas“ eksporto kitimą 2004-2007 m.m. ir jo priežastis; 2. Išanalizuoti UAB „Biofabrikas“ eksporto struktūrą 2007m. ; 3. Apklausos būdu išsiaiškinti UAB „Biofabrikas“ užsienio klientų poreikius, kurie leistų planuoti ateities eksporto struktūrą bei apimtis; 4. Pateikti UAB „Biofabrikas“ rekomendacijas, kokiais būdais galima išlaikyti ir padidinti eksporto į Latviją, Rusiją ir Baltarusiją apimtis bei pelningumą.
Pagrindin����s išvados ir pasiūlymai: 1. UAB „Biofabrikas“ 2004-2006 m.m. eksporto apimtys augo, o 2007 m. sumažėjo dėl sumažėjusio kombinuotųjų pašarų eksporto į Rusiją. 2. 2007 m. UAB „Biofabrikas“ daugiausiai eksportavo kombinuotųjų pašarų, o premiksai ir pašarų papildai nesudarė ketvirtadalio eksportuotos produkcijos. 3. Daugelis UAB „Biofabrikas“ užsienio klientų pageidauja papildomo serviso bei greitesnio produkcijos pristatymo. Ateityje planuoja iš UAB... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>Since 2004 deficiency of foreign trade of Lithuania has constantly increased and it has reached nearly 18 milliard Litas in 2007. In order to reduce such big deficiency of foreign trade it is necessary to intensify export.
The aim of this work is: to ascertain market tendencies of forage, feed additives and premixes in Lithuania, as well as to explore the structure and export extent of Joint Stock Company “Biofabrikas”. Moreover, after analyzing the requirements of foreign clients, it was decided to propose suggestions for the development of export.
The object of the research is- export extent and structure of Joint Stock Company “Biofabrikas”, which is a manufacturer of combinative forage, feed additives and premixes.
The main tasks are: 1. To analyze export movement and its reasons of Joint Stock Company “Biofabrikas” in 2004-2007; 2. To analyze export structure of Joint Stock Company “Biofabrikas” in 2007; 3. Using the method of polling to find out the requirements of foreign clients, which could help to plan the prospective export structure and movements; 4. To present guideline to Joint Stock Company “Biofabrikas”, to introduce patterns how to maintain and increase extent and profitability of export to Latvia, Russia and Belarus.
Basic findings and suggestions: 1. In 2004-2006 export extent of Joint Stock Company “Biofabrikas” was increasing, whereas in 2007 it reduced due to diminished export of combinative forage to Russia. 2. In 2007 Joint Stock Company... [to full text]
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Burinskienė, Aurelija. "Elektroninės komercijos technologijų taikymas plėtojant tarptautinę prekybą." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101119_134818-67597.
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Disertacijoje nagrinėjama elektroninės komercijos technologijų panaudojimo tarptautinėje prekyboje tematika ir problematika. Darbo tikslas – kompleksiškai išnagrinėti elektroninės komercijos technologijų taikymo tarptautinėje prekyboje ypatumus ir parengti modelį, skirtą vertinti elektroninės komercijos technologijų panaudojimo tarptautinėje prekyboje efektyvumą.<br>In PhD thesis problems associated with the usage of electronic commerce technologies in international trade are analysed. The aim of research – to examine complex application of electronic commerce technologies in international trade and to propose the model, which can be applied to evaluate efficiency when electronic commerce technologies are used in international trade.
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Pupeikis, Arūnas. "Neteisėtas prekių ar produkcijos neišvęžimas iš LR: teorinės ir praktinės problemos." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070115_171235-18145.
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After Lithuania joined EU one of the field of its legal system which were changed is customs activities. As far as internel borders were eliminated principal problems cocerning qualifying of crimes occurred. One of such crimes is non-exportation of goods. In this topic there are discussed the main questions, concerning non-exportation of goods:subjekt of crime, value of goods, punishable act, customs officers responsibility and aspects of guilty of legal persons.
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Santos, Ana Paula Ferraz da Silva [UNESP]. "Análise da expressão de genes selecionados do herpevírus associado ao sarcoma de Kaposi (KSHV) em células TIVE-LTC expostas à proteína tat do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV-1)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123272.
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000822061.pdf: 1227044 bytes, checksum: 7a60f2eeba804ce92e5fefc2788ed59d (MD5)<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)<br>Introdução: Pacientes portadores do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) apresentam risco aumentado de desenvolverem neoplasias malignas ligadas ao herpesvírus associado ao sarcoma de Kaposi (KSHV), entre elas o sarcoma de Kaposi (SK). Digno de nota, o sarcoma de Kaposi associado a aids (SK-AIDS) apresenta-se mais agressivo que as outras formas de SK, sugerindo a existência de interação sinérgica entre os produtos do KSHV e do HIV-1. O ciclo biológico do KSHV é dividido em fase latente e lítica. As proteínas vFLIP e LANA expressas na fase latente e as proteínas líticas Rta, vGPCR e K1, apresentam propriedades oncogênicas. Graças a habilidade da proteína tat do HIV-1 em estimular a angiogênese e outros fenômenos inflamatórios, é plausível que esta proteína modifique significativamente a expressão gênica do KSHV, proporcionando alterações fenotípicas que contribuem para o desenvolvimento do SK-AIDS. Para melhor entendimento dos efeitos da proteína tat do HIV-1 em células infectadas pelo KSHV, por meio da análise das reações em cadeia da PCR quantitativa acoplada a transcrição reversa (Quantitative real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions - qRT-PCR), o presente trabalho descreveu as alterações na expressão dos genes codificadores de vFLIP, LANA, Rta, vGPCR e K1 em células endoteliais de veia umbilical humana imortalizada pela telomerase e infectada pelo KSHV a longo prazo (TIVE-LTCs) expostas à proteína tat recombinante do HIV-1 por 12, 24, 48 e 72h. Resultados: Em termos descritivos, a expressões diferencial dos genes latentes na vigência de exposição à proteína tat recombinante do HIV-1 em relação à proteína tat denaturada, aumentou após 12 e 24h para LANA e após 24 e 72h para vFLIP. Para os genes líticos a expressão diferencial aumentou consistentemente até atingir 48h e diminuiu nas próximas 12h para ORF-50. Enquanto que para ...<br>CNPq: 471524/2011-5<br>FAPESP: 09/18403-9
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Santos, Ana Paula Ferraz da Silva. "Análise da expressão de genes selecionados do herpesvírus associado ao sarcoma de Kaposi (KSHV) em células TIVE-LTC expostas à proteína tat do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV-1) /." Botucatu, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/123272.
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Orientador: Deilson Elgui de Oliveira<br>Banca: Raphael Bessa Parmigiani<br>Banca: Enrique Mario Boccardo Pierutivo<br>Banca: Carlos magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza<br>Banca: Claudia Aparecida Rainho<br>Resumo: Introdução: Pacientes portadores do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) apresentam risco aumentado de desenvolverem neoplasias malignas ligadas ao herpesvírus associado ao sarcoma de Kaposi (KSHV), entre elas o sarcoma de Kaposi (SK). Digno de nota, o sarcoma de Kaposi associado a aids (SK-AIDS) apresenta-se mais agressivo que as outras formas de SK, sugerindo a existência de interação sinérgica entre os produtos do KSHV e do HIV-1. O ciclo biológico do KSHV é dividido em fase latente e lítica. As proteínas vFLIP e LANA expressas na fase latente e as proteínas líticas Rta, vGPCR e K1, apresentam propriedades oncogênicas. Graças a habilidade da proteína tat do HIV-1 em estimular a angiogênese e outros fenômenos inflamatórios, é plausível que esta proteína modifique significativamente a expressão gênica do KSHV, proporcionando alterações fenotípicas que contribuem para o desenvolvimento do SK-AIDS. Para melhor entendimento dos efeitos da proteína tat do HIV-1 em células infectadas pelo KSHV, por meio da análise das reações em cadeia da PCR quantitativa acoplada a transcrição reversa (Quantitative real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions - qRT-PCR), o presente trabalho descreveu as alterações na expressão dos genes codificadores de vFLIP, LANA, Rta, vGPCR e K1 em células endoteliais de veia umbilical humana imortalizada pela telomerase e infectada pelo KSHV a longo prazo (TIVE-LTCs) expostas à proteína tat recombinante do HIV-1 por 12, 24, 48 e 72h. Resultados: Em termos descritivos, a expressões diferencial dos genes latentes na vigência de exposição à proteína tat recombinante do HIV-1 em relação à proteína tat denaturada, aumentou após 12 e 24h para LANA e após 24 e 72h para vFLIP. Para os genes líticos a expressão diferencial aumentou consistentemente até atingir 48h e diminuiu nas próximas 12h para ORF-50. Enquanto que para...<br>Abstract: Not available<br>Doutor
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Izgorodin, Aleksandr. "Valstybės fiskalinė politika Lietuvos einamosios sąskaitos deficitui sumažinti." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090618_163910-32097.
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Izgorodin, A, valstybės fiskalinė politika Lietuvos einamosios sąskaitos deficitui sumažinti: bakalauro baigiamasis darbas: ekonomika. Vilnius, ISM Vadybos ir ekonomikos universitetas, 2009.
Šio darbo tikslas yra pasiūlyti fiskalinės politikos priemones Lietuvos ESD sumažinti. Darbe siekiama išanalizuoti Lietuvos einamosios sąskaitos komponentų kitimą laikui bėgant, nustatyti, ar ESD Lietuvai yra problematiškas, atlikti regresinę analizę ir išsiaiškinti, kaip pasirinkti kintamieji įtakoja einamosios sąskaitos balansą. Darbo gale pasiūlomi konkrečių mokesčių dydžiai ir valstybės išlaidų kryptis, kurie padės pagerinti Lietuvos einamosios sąskaitos balansą.
Gauti rezultatai parodo, kad Lietuvos ESD didėjo dėl kelių priežasčių. Lietuvos ESD turėjo įtakos įstojimas į ES ir prasidėjęs vadinamasis „pasivijimo“ laikotarpis, kuris iš pradžių turėjo neigiamos įtakos ekonomikos dalyvių taupymo normai ir veiksniai, kilę šalies viduje, pvz. perdėtas ekonomikos dalyvių optimizmas, sparčiai augantis darbo užmokestis, mažėjantis nedarbas, pigios ir lengvai prieinamos paskolos, neefektyvios vietinės ir tiesioginės užsienio investicijos, (kurios buvo nukreiptos į pajėgumų didinimą, vartojimo didinimą ir kitų trumpalaikių ekonominių problemų sprendimui vietoj to, kad paspartintų pramonės vystymąsi ir padidintų šalies eksporto konkurencingumą), didelė infliacija ir kt. Minėtos priežastys skatino importą ir ribotojo eksporto augimą, o didelis šalies patrauklumas užsienio investuotojų akyse tik... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>Izgorodin, A. Government's Fiscal Policy Measures to Reduce Current Account Deficit in Lithuania: bachelor thesis, Economics. Vilnius, ISM University of Management and Economics, 2009.
The goal of this work is to suggest the fiscal measures that the government can use in order to reduce the Lithuanian current account deficit (CAD). In this work I analyze how different components of Lithuanian current account have performed in time. In addition to this, I will determine, whether Lithuanian CAD is problematic and dangerous for the country. Moreover, I will perform regression analysis in order to find out how different variables have affected the current account balance of the country. Lastly, I will suggest tax rates and the direction of government spending that should be used in order to reduce the CAD in Lithuania.
Results show that Lithuanian CAD is a consequence of several factors. Firstly, one of the causes of CAD in Lithuania is the so-called catch-up period which started after Lithuania has joined the EU. At first the catch-up process had a negative effect on the current account balance through low savings rate. In addition to this, factors inside the country have also contributed to CAD. The factors, among others, include over optimism of business and consumers, increasing salaries, decreasing unemployment, cheap and easily accessible loans, inefficient investments both within the country and from abroad (FDI), which were largely directed towards increasing of the... [to full text]
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Skroblas, Mindaugas. "Muitinio įforminimo proceso informacinių srautų analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080122_101814-88857.
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Baigiamajame darbe atlikta importo, eksporto ir tranzito informacinių srautų Lietuvoje analizė per 2006 m. sausio 1 d. - 2007 m. birželio 30 d laikotarpį. Išanalizuoti kreipimaisi į Informacinių technologijų paslaugų centrą dėl minėtus srautus aptarnaujančių sistemų problemų. Pateiktos išvados ir pasiūlymai.
Efektyvus informacinių technologijų panaudojimas atlieka svarbų vaidmenį Lietuvos muitinės sistemos veikloje. Pastaruoju metu tiek mūsų šalyje, tiek ir tarptautiniu mastu aktyviai diskutuojama apie kuo spartesnį elektroninės muitinės aplinkos sukūrimą Europos Sąjungoje, dar veiksmingesnį informacinių technologijų pritaikymą atliekant prekių importo, eksporto bei tranzito srautų statistinę analizę, vykdant muitinio įforminimo dokumentų apdorojimą.
Šio magistro baigiamojo darbo tikslas – atlikti muitinio įforminimo proceso informacinių srautų Lietuvoje analizę ir identifikuoti pagrindines problemas bei pateikti pasiūlymų dėl šių problemų sprendimo.
Magistro baigiamąjį darbą sudaro trys dalys. Pirmoje darbo dalyje trumpai pristatoma Lietuvos muitinės istorija, aptariamos pagrindinės šiuolaikinės muitinės veiklos kryptys ir funkcijos, ypač akcentuotas Muitinės informacinių sistemų centro vaidmuo Lietuvos muitinės sistemoje.
Antroje dalyje apžvelgiami prekių importo, eksporto bei tranzito procesai bei informacinių technologijų panaudojimas muitinio įforminimo dokumentų apdorojime.
Trečioji dalis skirta muitinio įforminimo proceso informacinių srautų statistinei analizei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>In the Master’s paper the analysis of the import, export and transit flows of goods in Lithuania during the period from 1 January 2006 till 30 June 2007 is performed. The calls to Information Technology Service Centre regarding the problems of the systems servicing these flows is analysed. Some conclusions and proposals are submitted.
The effective use of information technology (IT) plays an important role in the activities of the Lithuania’s customs system. Currently the issues of a faster creation of an EU-wide e-Customs, more efficient use of IT in performing the statistical analysis of the import, export and transit flows of goods or in processing customs documents have been seriously considered both nationally and internationally.
The goal of this Master’s paper is to perform the analysis of information flows of the customs documents processing, to identify the problems as well as to present some proposals for the solution to these problems.
The Master’s paper consists of three parts. In the first part a brief overview of the customs’ history in Lithuania is presented, the main current functions and activities of the Lithuanian customs are described and much attention is paid to the role of the Customs Information System Centre in the Lithuanian customs system.
The second part is devoted to the survey of the import, export and transit processes of goods as well as the use of IT in the Lithuanian customs.
In the third part a thorough statistical analysis of... [to full text]
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Mačiulytė, Rasa. "Nuosavo verslo Lietuvoje plėtros ekonominiai svertai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110124_130235-33033.
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Verslas labai svarbus kiekvienos šalies ekonomikai, jo teikiamą naudą gali pajusti tiek verslininkai, verslo atstovai, tiek ir kiti visuomenės nariai. Lietuvoje šiuo metu verslo sektorius yra pažengęs, tačiau jame yra dar daug neišspręstų problemų, neatsakytų klausimų. Šiuo metu Lietuva dar negali pasigirti aukštą pridėtinę vertę kuriančių verslų gausa, ir pati šalies vyriausybė tik po truputį pradeda suprasti pridėtinės vertės kūrimo ir jos generavimo svarbą visai šalies ekonomikai, tad darbe autorė aptarė pridėtinės vertės kaip pagrindinio ekonominio sverto svarbą verslui ir šalies ekonomikai, nustatė kokie ekonominiai svertai, kokios priemonės versle padėtų kurti aukštesnę pridėtinę vertę.
Baigiamojo darbo tikslas – išsiaiškinti verslo Lietuvoje plėtros ypatumus, nustatyti, kokie ekonominiai svertai didina verslo kuriamą pridėtinę vertę. Darbo hipotezė – nepakankamas verslo sektoriaus pridėtinės vertės kūrimas ir generavimas Lietuvoje. Baigiamojo darbo pagrindiniai uždaviniai: supažindinti su Lietuvos verslo sektoriumi, atskleisti pagrindinius šio sektoriaus ypatumus, išskirti pagrindines jo problemas; apibūdinti pridėtinę vertę, jos kūrimo procesą bei teikiamą naudą; apibūdinti pagrindinius ekonominius svertus, didinančius verslo Lietuvoje kuriamą pridėtinę vertę, išnagrinėti kur ir kam ši sukurta pridėtinė vertė yra paskirstoma; atlikti pasirinktos verslo sektoriaus šakos Lietuvoje analizę, įvertinti kokią pridėtinę vertę ši šaka sukuria ir kokią naudą ta sukurta vertė... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>Business is extremely important for any country's economy; its benefits can be experienced by both the business community, business representatives and also by other members of the public. Lithuanian business sector is currently advanced, however there are still many unsolved problems and open questions. Lithuania cannot yet be proud of plenty businesses, creating high value added, moreover, the government itself is only beginning to gradually realize the importance of value added creation to the national economy, therefore the author of this paper has discussed the importance of value added as a major economic leverage to both business and the national economy, determined the factors and measures are required for creating higher value added.
The aim of the paper: to identify business development characteristics in Lithuania; to determine, what economic levers increase the value added of private business. Working hypothesis: lack of value added, generated by Lithuanian business sector. Main tasks: to introduce the theoretical side of the business sector; to identify the main features of the sector; to highlight its major problems; to analyze factors and measures, helping create a higher value added and promoting development of the country's private business; to perform analysis of a selected Lithuanian business sector branch; to assess the value added, created by that branch and the benefits to Lithuanian economy. Research methods: analysis of primary data sources; analysis... [to full text]
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Pupeikienė, Irena. "Eksporto subsidijos ir jų įtaka Lietuvos žemės ūkio ir maisto produktų užsienio prekybos plėtrai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060525_145442-51086.
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Research object: export sponsorship of agricultural and food products. Research subject: export subsidies and their influence on Lithuanian agricultural foreign trade. Research aim: prediction of alternative developmental trends on agricultural economy in case of export subsidies revocation of agricultural and food products since 2013. Objectives: • to analyse theoretical rules of export sponsorship policy; • to analyse Lithuanian export sponsorship policy of agricultural and food products; • to test influence of export subsidies on Lithuanian foreign trade expansion of agricultural and food products; • to predict of alternative developmental trends on agricultural economy in case of export subsidies revocation of agricultural and food products since 2013. Research methods: • in case of prospect and analyse of theoretical grounds on international trade policy also evolution of Lithuanian foreign trade policy used common scientific methods - analysis and synthesis of scientific literature and juridical/law documents; • in case of valuation of export subsidies influence on Lithuanian agricultural and food products foreign trade expansion used economical - statistical methods for data compilation and analysis; • in case of compute and systematize of statistical information used means of bunching, comparison and diagrammatical representation.