Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Exports – Canada'
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Savard, Marielle. "Impact of Canadian stabilization programs on pork exports to the United States." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55675.
Full textPaquin, Hugo. "Canada's Trade Strategy towards Asia; the Comparative Advantage of Canadian Exports." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193817.
Full textRosa, Eric. "Quantification et traçage géochimique des exports fluviaux : exemples de bassins hydrographiques du Canada." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GLOB0011.
Full textThe predictability of changes in the quality and quantity of renewable water resources relies on a quantitative study of the mechanisms that control these parameters. In connection with this problem, this study favors an approach based on the geochemical monitoring of dissolved riverine exports (δ2H-18O, major cations, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), [Nd], [Sr], 87Sr/86Sr, [U], (234U/238U)). The study aims at (i) tracing the water cycle and at (ii) quantifying rock chemical weathering rates in major river basins in central and eastern Canada. The study area covers more than 2. 8 x106 km2 over 15 degrees of latitude and encompasses the major basins of Hudson Bay, James and Ungava (HJUB) as well as the St. Lawrence River. The Koksoak, Great Whale, La Grande, Nelson, Ottawa and St. Lawrence rivers were monitored in time whereas ten other rivers flowing within the same region were sampled during spring snowmelt and summer baseflow, providing complementary data. The studied rivers present systematic seasonal 18O-2H patterns with amplitudes reaching 1 to 5 ‰ (18O). Heavy-isotope depletions mark the snowmelt event and gradual heavy-isotope enrichments occur in response to evaporation during the ice-off season. The La Grande River constitutes an exception due to the buffering effect of hydroelectric reservoirs that smooth out the temporal isotopic fluctuations. When reported in a 2H vs 18O chart, the studied rivers define Local Evaporation Lines (LEL) extending below the Meteoric Water Line (MWL). Isotopic mass balance calculations suggest that approximately 10% of the total inflow to the Ottawa River Basin is lost through evaporation before reaching its outlet in the St. Lawrence River. The rivers draining contiguous basins of Northeastern Canada define a River Water Line (RWL) arising from imbricate Local Evaporation Lines (LEL). A method using the distance between the RWL and the MWL is proposed for estimating the average evaporation over inflow ratio (5 to 15%) at the scale of the study area. These rivers also define a latitudinal isotopic gradient (18O (‰ vs. VSMOW) = -0. 36 * Latitude +4. 4 ‰) that is parallel to that reported for precipitation over the same region. This observation suggests that the isotopic gradient inherited rainfall is preserved in rivers, despite the subsequent hydrological processes occurring within the basins. Landscape chemical denudation rates were addressed based on the dissolved chemistry of rivers flowing into the HJUB. The rivers of the Canadian Shield depict major cation concentrations ranging between 62 and 360 μM, neodymium concentrations ([Nd]) of 0. 57 to 4. 72 nM and variable dissolved organic carbon concentrations ([DOC]) (241 – 1777 μM). In comparison, the Nelson River (Interior Platform) shows higher major cation concentrations (1200 – 2276 μM), lower [Nd] (0. 14 to 0. 45 nM) and intermediate [DOC] (753 – 928 M). Within the HJUB basins, the dissolved cation concentrations (Na-K-Mg-Ca-Sr) show seasonal variations that transcribe the effect of hydro-climatic conditions. As for 2H-18O patterns, the dilution caused by snowmelt constitutes the main feature of the seasonal patterns. Altogether, the studied rivers export 8x106 tons*yr-1 of dissolved major cations and 50 tons*yr-1 of dissolved Nd towards the HJUB. Basin scale total rock cationic denudation rates (TRCDR) range from 1. 0 to 5. 3 tons*yr-1*km2 and are essentially controlled by lithology, as illustrated by the relationship established between rock denudation rates and the proportion of sedimentary and volcanic rocks (%S+V) within the basins: TRCDR=0. 08(%S+V)+0. 9. Contrastingly, dissolved Nd exports are decoupled from rock weathering rates and seem to be strongly dependent upon organic matter cycling, as illustrated by the tight coupling between Nd and DOC fluxes. These fluxes decrease northwards, likely in response to the hydro-climatic gradient. Riverine dissolved U contents were studied in order to provide further information regarding weathering sources and processesin the HJUB region. The rivers draining the Canadian Shield vs. That draining the Interior Platform depict distinct [U] vs. (234U/238U) clusters. In the Nelson River (draining the Interior Sedimentary Platform), U-concentrations are highest (1. 05 - 2. 45 nM) whereas (234U/238U) show little variability (1. 21 – 1. 25). U concentrations are comparatively lower in the rivers of the Canadian Shield (0. 04 – 1. 24 nM) whereas (234U/238U) span from 1. 11 to 1. 99. Altogether, the studied rivers export 3. 4x105 moles. Yr-1 of U towards the HJUB, with an amount-weighted average (234U/238U) of 1. 27. At the scale of the study area, U and major cations exports are decoupled, suggesting that rock weathering processes do not solely control U budgets. First-order calculations reveal that U accumulation in peatlands could significantly impact basin-scale U budgets. The distinct [U] vs (234U/238U) clusters defined by the monitored rivers of the HJUB region (Koksoak, Great Whale, La Grande and Nelson) should allow tracing the source of dissolved U in the nearby oceanic domain
Sá, Ivan Emanuel Rodrigues Baptista de. "Exportações do Canadá e do México para o mercado americano no período 1985-2016." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16751.
Full textOs Estados Unidos são destino de aproximadamente 75% das exportações de bens do Canadá e do México. Tais fluxos tornam o Canadá o segundo maior parceiro comercial dos Estados Unidos e o México o terceiro. A presente dissertação pretende medir a competitividade e a estrutura das exportações do Canadá e do México no mercado norte-americano de 1985 a 2016. Para atingir o objetivo, recorremos ao indicador de comércio das Vantagens Comparativas Reveladas para analisar os produtos em que ambos os países apresentaram vantagens comparativas para os EUA; e à metodologia Constant Market Share para analisar o comportamento e a competitividade das exportações dos dois países para o mercado americano. As vantagens comparativas do Canadá foram sobretudo em setores baseados em recursos naturais, focando a sua competitividade no setor energético, a passo que o México revelou competitividade na indústria automobilística e manufatureira devido, em grande parte, às cadeias de valor acrescentado. Porém, a nova onda de protecionismo norte-americana e as renegociações do NAFTA trouxeram incertezas para os níveis de competitividade destas economias, sobretudo para a indústria automóvel mexicana.
The United States are the destination of approximately 75% of Canadian and Mexican exports. Such flows make Canada the second largest trading partner of the Unitade States and Mexico the third. This paper aims to examine the competitiveness and structure of the Canadian and Mexican exports to the North-American market, from 1985 to 2016. To achieve the objective were used the trade indicator of Revealed Comparative Advantages to analyzed the products that both countries presented comparative advantages for the US; and the Constant Market Share methodology to analyse the competitiveness of the two countries's exports to the American market. Canada's comparative advantages were mostly in sectors based on natural resources, focusing on energy's competitiveness, while Mexico had revealed competitiveness in the automotive and manufacturing sector, due to value-added chains. However, the renegotiations of NAFTA brought uncertainties to the levels of competitiveness of these economies, especially for the Mexican auto industry.
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Leandoer, Katarina. "From colonial expression to export commodity : English-Canadian literature in Canada and Sweden, 1945-1999 /." Uppsala : [Uppsala universitet], 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39228587k.
Full textOtta, Jiří. "Exportní příležitosti českých firem na kanadském trhu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75527.
Full textRichards, Donald Peter. "Canadian export interests and challenges from the Pacific." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25514.
Full textApplied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
Richardson, Rob. "The entry of Canadian small businesses into international markets /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34439.
Full textThe empirical research was conducted through field studies and a questionnaire that was completed during an in-depth interview with the president, founder or principal officer of 21 firms in the cross-sectional sample (in Ontario and Quebec) and telephone interviews for the 13 firms in the supplementary sample (in Nova Scotia and British Columbia). All interviews in Ontario and Quebec were videotaped and case records were developed for each firm. Additional data are based on information from the Industry, Science, Technology (Canada) data bank and the researcher's observations of principal actors and operations of the sample firms.
A Technological Skill and Product Maturity Typology is developed to categorize firms into quadrants according to product maturity and technological sophistication. The typology has been designed as an analytical tool to categorize firms according to strategic focus. This typology provides a framework for the analysis of firm needs and for the evaluation of the usage and effectiveness of support programs by firms.
This study offers a typology for classifying firms by start-up mode: the entrepreneur with a classic start-up, with a spin-off, with an acquisition, and with experience in an established firm. Mode of start-up was not significantly associated with specific strategic sectors. Results suggest that the qualities of the entrepreneur responsible for successful start-up are imprinted on successful small firms. This entrepreneurism provides significant strategic advantage for firms competing in international markets.
The results of this study indicate that small firms in diverse industries, with very different products and strategic advantages can use entrepreneurial leadership, strategy, and innovation to take advantage of changing international regimes, favourable domestic factor conditions, and state support to compete successfully in international markets.(Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Winter, Jennifer Gabriele. "Export coefficient modeling and bioassessment in two tributaries of the Grand River, southern Ontario, Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0010/NQ38283.pdf.
Full textMaltby, Neil. "Canadian SMEs, export barriers and the Internet." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2011. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=25762.
Full textBilimoria, Cyrus M. "Use of computers and the Internet to facilitate export of prefabricated housing from Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq64106.pdf.
Full textLa, Rosa-Duarte Cynthia-Pilar, and Gianfranco-Pietro Camaiora-Castañeda. "Exportación de banano orgánico a Canadá." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad de Lima, 2016. http://repositorio.ulima.edu.pe/handle/ulima/3382.
Full textTrabajo de investigación
Webber, Christopher Alan. "Determining the production and export potential for medium quality wheat using a sectoral model for Canada." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26663.
Full textLand and Food Systems, Faculty of
Graduate
Liao, Xiaolu. "Export Propensity of Canadian SMEs: A Gender Based Study." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32506.
Full textRostamkalaei, Seyedeh Anoosheh. "Value Added by Venture Capitalists: The Case of EDC." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24265.
Full textKhazaeli, Susan. "Atomic Middle Power: Canada’s Nuclear Export and Non-Proliferation Policy." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38298.
Full textMarchand, Paul R. "The export development corporation : catalyst in Canada's promotion of international trade." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64491.
Full textRoss, Donald Gordon. "The trade credit offer for export sales : Canadian evidence and experience." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387162.
Full textBonneris, Emmanuelle. "Étude de l'implication de différents ligands cellulaires dans la séquestration du cadmium, du cuivre, et du zinc chez les mollusques bivalves d'eau douce exposés à une contamination environnementale." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE18001.
Full textThe main goal of this research was to evaluate the involvement of different cellular ligands in cadmium, copper and zinc sequestration in bivalves. Indigenous specimens of the bivalve Pyganodon grandis were collected from nine lakes along a metal contamination gradient in the Rouyn-Noranda area (Quebec). In these chronically exposed animals, the accumulated Cd concentrations depend on the environmental dissolved Cd concentrations, and on the nature and the abundance of the biological ligands, which differed among organs (gills versus digestive gland). In the digestive gland, Cd is largely sequestered by the metallothioneins (MT), whereas granules represent the main sink for Cd, Cu and Zn in the gills. A transplantation experiment, involving a change in the exposure regime, demonstrated the precocity of Cd sequestration at the granules level, which appears concomitantly with MT biosynthesis. A molecular approach biology carried out in the laboratory on Dreissena polymorpha aimed at studying the precocity of the response of an isoform of MT
Sogelová, Marie. "Vývoz výrobků firmy EXPRES MENU s.r.o. do zámoří." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-71694.
Full textArcaya-del-Águila, Natalia. "Exportación de barras energéticas a base de quinua orgánica a Canadá." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad de Lima, 2015. http://repositorio.ulima.edu.pe/handle/ulima/1734.
Full textTrabajo de investigación
Creed, Irena Frances. "Topographic regulation of nitrate-N export from catchments within an old-growth sugar maple forest in the Turkey Lakes Watershed, central Ontario, Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ35134.pdf.
Full textKimura, Keiki 1955. "An analysis of the Japanese voluntary export restraint upon automobiles to the U. S. and Canada : an investigation of its impacts upon international, bilateral and domestic legal frameworks for safeguard measures." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65419.
Full textHarrod, Pamela A. "The general agreement on tariffs and trade and non-tariff barriers impact on international law and on trade in general and on import and export trade in Canada in particular." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5598.
Full textPires, de Farias Paiva Trícia. "Influência do cimento obturador no tempo de contaminação microbiana de canais radiculares obturados e expostos ao meio bucal - estudo in vitro." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2005. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/8458.
Full textO propósito deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar a capacidade de selamento de canais radiculares obturados pela técnica da condensação lateral ativa da gutta-percha associada aos cimentos endodônticos Sealer 26® e AH-PlusTM e sua influência no tempo de contaminação bacteriana e fúngica em canais radiculares expostos ao meio bucal. Foram utilizados quarenta pré-molares inferiores com 21mm de comprimento em processo de rizogênese completo. Os espécimes foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos de quinze dentes cada, de acordo com o cimento utilizado, além dos grupos controles com cinco espécimes cada: controle positivo o qual não foi realizada a obturação endodôntica e controle negativo onde não foram feitas aberturas coronárias. Os canais radiculares foram biomecanizados conforme a técnica coroa-ápice sem pressão e em seguida foram montados em aparatos, esterilizados a óxido de etileno e expostos à saliva artificial na qual foram adicionados o E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus e C. albicans que serviram como marcadores biológicos de infiltração. A avaliação foi conduzida até 120 dias, onde foi observada a contaminação de 33,3% dos espécimes obturados com Sealer 26® e 6,7% dos canais obturados com AH-PlusTM. Concluiu-se que o cimento à base de resina époxica (AH-PlusTM) ofereceu um selamento superior quando comparado ao cimento à base de hidróxido de cálcio (Sealer26®) no intervalo de tempo observado (p<0,05)
Linares, Carlos Eduardo Blanco. "Avaliação da atividade da superóxido dismutase e catalase de Candida albicans e Candida dubliniensis expostas a antineoplásicos, íons metálicos e antifúngicos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/21617.
Full textCatalase is an enzyme that has been suggested to be involved in resistance mechanisms to antifungal drug such as amphotericin B. There are few studies focusing on catalase and superoxide dismutase in yeasts, such as Candida, exposed to different situations. Thereby, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of exposing Candida to antineoplastic drugs, metallic ions and antifungial drugs, namely fluconazole and amphotericin B, on catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. Results show that methotrexate induced catalase activity in C. albicans and that metallic ions, such as copper, zinc, manganese and iron produced a variable effect on superoxide dismutase activity of C. albicans, as well as a variable effect in the uptake of one ion on another. We also showed that fluconazole and amphotericin B resistance increased catalase and superoxide dismutase activity in C. albicans and C. dubliniensis. These results suggest that methotrexate as well as the induction of fluconazole- and amphotericin B-resistance may induce oxidative stress in yeasts such as Candida, which may adapt by increasing antioxidant defense mechanisms. This effect may induce a major resistance of this yeast to phagocytic cell attack.
Oliveira, Ana Rita da Silva. "Análise económica do acordo económico e comercial entre a União Europeia e o Canadá (CETA) : uma análise dos efeitos bilaterais potenciais." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16401.
Full textAs recentes mudanças pelas quais a economia mundial passou e a consequente dificuldade de se concluir com sucesso as negociações da Ronda de Doha foram suscitando o desejo de se negociar acordos entre um número mais limitado de participantes, e ao mesmo tempo contribuindo para a emergência de um novo regionalismo que viu associado um aumento dos chamados acordos comerciais de "Nova Geração", que alteraram as negociações que até então existiam em todo o Sistema Internacional. O CETA assume-se como sendo um desses acordos, na medida em que vai além das tradicionais abolições de barreiras ao comércio livre e passa a englobar questões que comportam, nomeadamente, o investimento, o ambiente, o desenvolvimento sustentável, a saúde pública, o mercado laboral, bem como a proteção dos direitos de propriedade intelectual, entre outras. O presente estudo tem como finalidade analisar o potencial de comércio existente entre a UE e o Canadá decorrente da celebração deste acordo. Para o efeito, será realizada uma análise em equilíbrio parcial com recurso a dois indicadores: ao Índice de Orientação Geográfica (IOG) e ao Índice de Especialização das Exportações (IEE), cujo posterior cruzamento nos permitirá identificar situações de potencialidade de comércio bilateral entre ambas as economias atlânticas. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que existem setores nos quais existe potencial de comércio, tanto para o Canadá como para a UE, e que, portanto, será expectável e possível, através deste acordo e por meio de uma eliminação das barreiras existentes ao comércio, que haja um aumento das exportações nesses mesmos setores.
The recent changes through which the world economy has gone through and the resulting struggle to successfully conclude the Doha Round negotiations have raised the desire to negotiate agreements between a more limited number of participants, thus contributing to the origin of a new regionalism which saw associated an increase in the so-called "New Generation" trade agreements, that have altered the negotiations that had hitherto existed throughout the International System. CETA is one of these agreements in the sense that it goes beyond the traditional abolition of free trade barriers and encompasses issues that comprise, namely, the services trade, the right of establishment, investment, environment, sustainable development, public health, the labour market, as well as the protection of intellectual property rights. This study aims to analyse the potential of the existing trade between the EU and Canada arising from the conclusion of this agreement. For this purpose, we shall perform a partial equilibrium analysis resorting to two indicators: the Geographical Orientation Index (GOI) and the Export Specialisation Index (ESI), whose subsequent crossing shall allow us to identify situations of potential bilateral trade between both the Atlantic economies. The results obtained suggest that there are sectors in which there is a trade potential for Canada and the EU and that, therefore, it is expectable and possible, through this agreement, which promotes the reduction of existing barriers to trade, that there will be an increase in exports in these same sectors.
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Alves, Ana Maria Hecke. "Avaliação in vivo da penetração bacteriana em canais obturados, expostos a diferentes pressões e ao meio oral por diferentes períodos de tempo." Florianópolis, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/99423.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2013-03-04T20:15:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Metodologias ex vivo e in vitro para avaliação do selamento de canais obturados têm utilizado pressão para facilitar a infiltração de marcadores-fluídos como corantes, água e glicose. Porém, não há padrão na intensidade, forma e tempo de aplicação da pressão. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: 1) verificar a influência de duas intensidades de pressão (30 e 60 KPa) na penetração bacteriana em canais obturados; 2) correlacionar a profundidade desta penetração com o tempo de exposição ao meio oral (45 e 120 dias). Dentes de cães (n=122) foram instrumentados com o sistema ProTaper e obturados pela técnica do cone único de guta-percha com cimento AH Plus. Após a presa do cimento, os canais obturados foram divididos em grupos: A) não foram submetidos à pressão (n=34); B) submetidos a pressão de 30KPa (n=34); C) submetidos a pressão de 60KPa (n=34). O tempo de aplicação da pressão foi de 8 minutos. Após, todos os canais foram expostos ao meio oral de acordo com os sub-grupos: 1) 45 dias; 2) 120 dias. Todos os sub-grupos tiveram controle positivo e negativo. Decorridos estes períodos, os animais foram sacrificados, os dentes foram removidos e preparados para análise histobacteriológica. Com relação a pressão, o teste de Kruskal-Wallis não mostrou diferença estatística na penetração de micro-organismos entre os grupos A, B e C em ambos os períodos (45 dias p=0,903 e 120 dias p=0,211). Apesar de haver maior infiltração em 120 dias, não houve diferença estatística significativa na infiltração de bactérias quando comparados os tempos de exposição de 45 e 120 dias (p= 0,608). Concluiu-se que as pressões de 30 e 60 KPa não induziram modificações nas obturações a ponto de influenciar na penetração bacteriana nos diferentes períodos de tempo (p>0,05).
Sealability assessment methodologies (ex vivo and in vitro) in endodontics have used pressure to facilitate the infiltration of fluid markers such as dyes, water and glucose. However, there is no standardization on the intensity, form and duration in the applied pressure. The objectives of this study were: 1) to evaluate the influence of the two intensities of pressure (30 and 60 kPa) on the bacterial penetration in the root canal fillings; 2) to correlate the depth of penetration with time of exposure to the oral environment (45 and 120 days). Root canals of dogs' teeth (n=122) were instrumented with the ProTaper system and filled by the technique of single cone of guttapercha and AH Plus cement. After the sealer setting, root canal fillings were subjected to different pressures during 8 minutes according to groups: A) without pressure (n = 34), B) 30kPa (n = 34), C) 60 kPa (n = 34). After all root canal fillings were exposed to the oral environment in accordance with sub-groups: 1) 45 days; 2)120 days. All sub-groups had positive and negative control. After these periods, the animals were sacrificed and the specimens were removed and prepared for histobacteriological analysis. Regarding the pressure there was no difference in the penetration of micro-organisms among the groups A, B and C in both periods (45 days p=0,903 and 120 days p=0,211). There was no significant difference in the penetration of bacteria when compared to the exposure times of 45 days and 120 days (p=0.608), although greater infiltration occurred in 120 days. In conclusion, the pressure of 30 and 60 kPa did not induce alterations in fillings that influence on the penetration of bacteria in the different periods of exposure.
Cabezas, Tapia Olga Alejandra, and Alvaro Ipanaque-Botton. "Determinantes que Limitan la Competitividad de las Principales Empresas Peruanas Exportadoras, de T-Shirts de Algodón, hacia Canadá, durante el Periodo 2015 – 2019." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655472.
Full textFor any given country, the textile and apparel sectors are considered one of the most important due to its positive impact in the economy and job creation alongside the value chain. In Peru, the sector is internationally renowned due to its high-quality raw materials, i.e., Pima cotton, the craftmanship of its workforce, and vertically integrated companies. Peru’s cotton t-shirts top export destinations include the United States, Brazil, and Canada, respectively. Given the importance of the Canadian market, the existence of the Peru-Canada Free Trade Agreement, and the benefit of zero import tariffs, it is relevant to identify the factors that could improve the Peruvian exports of cotton t-shirts to Canada. The study focuses on four factors that could potentially impact the competitiveness of the sector: Peruvian cotton fiber production, Peru´s legal framework, workforce costs impact in the production cost, and the lack of investment in innovative technology. The study concludes that the above-mentioned factors do have an impact and limit the competitiveness of the Peruvian exporters of cotton t-shirts to the Canadian market. Furthermore, it unveils new factors such as production speed to respond to shorter lead times and the implementation of sustainable practices across the value chain to meet consumers´ preferences, among others.
Tesis
Kinuthia, Wanyee. "“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30170.
Full textOLIVER, Josidel Conceição. "Análise da expressão gênica diferencial de aspartato proteases secretadas (SAP2 e SAP4) por Candida albicans exposta a concentrações subinibitórias de antifúngicos e contato com macrófagos." Universidade Federal de Alfenas, 2016. https://bdtd.unifal-mg.edu.br:8443/handle/tede/960.
Full textFungal infections have become a major public health problem especially in hospital settings. Candida spp. are considered the main pathogen in invasive fungal infections. The production of secreted aspartic proteinases (Sapp) by Candida spp. can be related to the increase in the number of infections and drug resistance. The production of proteinases is encoded by a family of 10 genes known as SAP1-10, of which, SAP2 is the most commonly expressed gene in Candida albicans. The expression of SAP4-6 is associated to the production of Sap4-6p enzymes and hyphae formation which can contribute to the invasion of host tissues and destruction of macrophages during infectious processes. This study evaluates SAP2 and SAP4 gene expression in C. albicans ATCC 10231 grown in the presence or absence of macrophages and exposed to subinibitory concentrations of fluconazole and amphotericin B. C. albicans was grown in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar for 24 h at 37ºC and after in yeast carbon base more 0.2% bovine serum albumin (YCB-BSA) in the absence or presence of subinibitory concentrations of Fluconazole and Amphotericin B. The human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) was grown in RPMI-1640 Medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, penicillin (100U/ml) and streptomycin (100μg/ml) at 37 °C and atmosphere of 5% CO2 during 10 days. For the induction of cell differentiation, 106 cells were seeded in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) 100 nM for 48 h. The samples of 5x106 C. albicans were cultured in the presence or absence of 106 macrophages and these was exposed or not to subinibitory concentrations of antifungals. All samples were incubated in culture test plates with 6 flat-botton wells for 1 h at 37 °C and atmosphere of 5% CO2. Total RNA was extracted from the samples using TRIzol® reagent, after RNA purification with DNaseI it was converted to cDNA, and then, the relative quantification of the SAP4 gene was performed by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) using ACT1 gene as normalizing endogenous gene. Candida albicans grown in the presence of macrophages showed upregulation in the expression of SAP2 and SAP4 (p < 0.01), respectively, in the order of 4.83 and 10.34 fold higher as compared to yeast samples grown without contact with macrophages. Concerning exposure to antifungal agents, C. albicans exposed to subinhibitory concentrations of amphotericin B showed downregulation in expression of SAP2 and SAP4. However, the yeast's exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of fluconazole caused upregulation in SAP2 expression and downregulation in SAP4 expression. SAP2 and SAP4 genes are related to virulence factors of C. albicans and its expression can be regulated by contact with phagocytes or exposure to antifungals. Therefore, understanding the expression of these genes in fungal pathogenesis may aid in research and development of new drugs for treating candidiasis, thus contributing to reducing the incidence of morbidity and mortality associated with fungal infections.
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Kopper, Patrícia Maria Poli. "Avaliação da capacidade de selamento de três materiais obturadores em canais radiculares de pré-molares de cães preparados para pino intra-radicular expostos ao meio bucal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49730.
Full textThe aim of this study was to assess in vivo the sealing ability of three resin-containing endodontic sealers, two associated with gutta-percha points (AH Plus and EndoRez) and one associated with Resilon points (RealSeal). Mongrel dogs had their premolars prepared and filled, then post-prepared, which space became exposed to the oral environment. The correlation between inflammatory condition and level of microbial leakage was also tested. For that purpose, 80 teeth (160 root canals), being 10 (20 root canals), for each dog, were chemo-mechanically prepared and randomly divided into the following groups: GI (n=32) and C-I (negative control; n=16): root filling with gutta-percha and AH-Plus; GII (n=32) and C-II (n=16): root filling with gutta-percha and Endorez; GIII (n=32) and C-III (n=16): root filling with Resilon and RealSeal; C+ (positive control; n=16): no root filling. Immediately following filling procedures, post space preparation was done leaving 4mm of filling material apically. Teeth had their crowns provisionally sealed with amalgam for 72 hours. Then, coronal seal was removed (except for C-) and remained exposed to the oral environment for 90 days. The dogs were sacrificed and their mandible and maxilla were removed and sectioned, separating right and left sides. In the specimens from the left side, the C- teeth had their seal removed, and all teeth had their post space irrigated with distilled water, then filled with India ink. Following 96 hours, the teeth were extracted. Roots were labeled as to the groups and subjected to clearing process in test tubes. The specimens from the right side were histologically processed and stained with Hematoxicilin and Eosin (HE) and Brown and Brenn (BB). The ink leakage was measured three dimensionally under stereoscope microscopy (10x). Histological sections were assessed under light microscopy by a senior observer blinded as to the groups and the inflammatory state was classified using scores varying from 1 to 4 in an ascending severity. The same severity scoring applied to the microbial leakage, being the severity scored as to the depth of microbial penetration within the dentinal tubules. The results showed that all the test groups displayed less leakage than C+ group (P<0,001). GI, GII and GIII did not differ statistically amongst them. Sealing ability of GII differed significantly to its control group – C-II (P<0,001).Histological analysis showed that all test groups displayed lower inflammatory reaction and microbial leakage when compared to C+ group (P≤0,001). No significant differences were found amongst GI, GII and GIII and their respective controls (p>0,05). Spearman correlation test showed a strong correlation between inflammatory response and microbial leakage (rs= 0,57; P<0,001). It could be concluded that the tested materials did not differ amongst themselves and that the periapical tissue response correlated directly with the microbial coronal leakage.
Santos, Regis Burmeister dos. "Análise histológica dos tecidos periapicais de dentes de cães como recurso para avaliar a influência dos auxiliares químicos da instrumentação no selamento dos canais radiculares obturados com RealSeal® e expostos ao meio bucal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/132737.
Full textThe aim of this study was to assess the influence of the cleaning protocol on sealing of root canal obturation with RealSeal following post space preparation, by means of periapical tissue response analysis. 1% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine were the tested products. For this purpose, six dogs were used, 10 teeth in each dog, comprising a total of 60 teeth and 120 root canals, were randomly divided into seven groups, being three test groups, three negative controls and a positive control. Following obturation, all teeth were kept totally sealed during 24 hours to allow sealer setting. Then the positive control and the three test groups had their seal removed, and obturation material exposed to the oral environment for 90 days. Negative controls were kept sealed during the whole experimental period. The animals were killed and their mandibles removed. Histological procedures were adopted as to HE staining. Optical histological analysis at magnifications varying from 25x to 400x considered the periapical tissue status at various sites by a blinded senior observer. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and a Mann-Whitney and Willcoxon post-hoc were adopted at α= 0.05. Experimental groups and negative control had lower degree of inflammation when compared with the positive control, which showed consistently neutrophil and eosinophil infiltrates and areas of abscess (p=0.001). Both sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine behaved similarly, not interfering with the periapical tissue response. The remaining filling material was efficient to seal the apical portion of the root canal, regardless of the cleaning protocol.
Hung, Pei-Tze, and 洪珮慈. "Determinants of FDI and Exports from Taiwan to Canada." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52255445282817818846.
Full text銘傳大學
經濟學系碩士班
99
Taiwan is a country with relative small lands and is not abundant in natural resources. Through various international trade and foreign direct investment activities, Taiwan has overcome this inborn weakness and has grown stronger in its industry sectors and performed well on overall economic growth by taking part in international division of labor and putting hands on resources around the globe. In decades, more Taiwanese firms invest in advanced countries other than investing in developing or underdeveloped countries to seek the learning of high-end skills and marketing know-how from a more advanced source in certain areas of expertise. The purposes of this study are: finding out the determinants of Taiwan direct investments in Canada and the determinants of Taiwan exporting to Canada. Empirical period starts through 1989 till 2009, using ordinary least squares and two-stage least squares methods to estimate the model. In this study, we use both overall industry data and separate industry data to examine the determinants of Taiwan direct investments in Canada and the determinants of Taiwan exporting to Canada, where not only macroeconomic variables but also intangible assets of firms and the immigrants from Taiwan to Canada are taken into consideration. We expect to see if those variables can properly explain the outward foreign direct investment activities and exporting activities from Taiwan to Canada. Our empirical study finds that: (1) the factors that determine the FDI and the exports from Taiwan to Canada are relatively different when using overall industry data and separate industry data; (2) in the exporting sector, empirical evidence shows that there are extinct differences in separate industry for them making an exporting decision to Canada while there are no evidences showing any differences in separate industry for them making an FDI decision to Canada. In our model, those macroeconomic variables, such as the GDP of Taiwan and Canada, have significant impacts on the FDI or exporting activities from Taiwan to Canada when intangible asset and annual newly Taiwanese immigrants in Canada have been found no significant effects in this study. The result shows that in these two decades, the FDI and exports from Taiwan to Canada are more connected to the change of environment than the possession of certain intangible asset by a firm, which was proved to be a significant factor of outward FDI in previous empirical studies. Also, annual newly Taiwanese immigrants in Canada, which was proved to be a significant factor for the exports from Taiwan to Canada in early studies now has been proved insignificant in this study. Considering the adjacent continents of the US and Canada and their membership in NAFTA, we take the FDI from Taiwan to the US and the exports from Taiwan to the US into account and find they have significant effects on the FDI from Taiwan to Canada and the exports from Taiwan to Canada respectively. This shows that Taiwan investments and exports to these two country own spatial association character.
Rosa, Éric. "Quantification et traçage géochimique des exports fluviaux : exemples de bassins hydrographiques du Canada." Thèse, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3971/1/D2158.pdf.
Full textSpak, Stanley W. "Transport costs as a barrier to U.S. exports of fresh fruit and vegetables to Canada." 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/9751.
Full textRöpke, Peter Norman. "A prairie ocean : the new tidal wave of globalisation and prairie wheat marketing policy." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/13221.
Full text"China export to Canada with special reference to the country of origin effect and the role of Hong Kong." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1989. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5885991.
Full textFutz, Douglas Neal. "Development of Canadian fresh chilled pork exports to Japan : logistical and economic potential." 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/17048.
Full textWhyte, Tanya. "The political economy of Canadian oil export policy, 1949-2002." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/1090.
Full textA thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, Dept. of Political Science, University of Alberta. "Spring 2010." Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on April 27, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.
Zhang, Chengfu. "MERCURY EXPORT FROM SMALL FORESTED WATERSHEDS IN WESTCENTRAL NOVA SCOTIA, CANADA: DEVELOPMENT OF AN ECOLOGICAL MODEL." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/13261.
Full textMiller, Pamela Marie. "The economic potential of U.S. routes for the movement of grain from western Canada to export destinations." 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/7169.
Full textVido, Erica Julia. "Container cabotage policy and its impact on western Canadian pulse exports : a gravity model approach." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/7920.
Full textUrbina-Olano, Hector J. "Elasticity of demand for red meat transportation : a gravity model analysis of Western Canadian pork exports." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3722.
Full textKindle, Allison. "Freshwater, Law, and Game Theory: Strategies for Navigating the Troubled Waters of a Canada / U.S. Bulk Water Export Conflict." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18781.
Full textAhmadi-Esfahani, Zeinalabedin. "The impact of changes in statutory grain freight rates on Canada's share of the export wheat market." 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/29209.
Full textWeitsman, Faina. "The trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights (TRIPS) agreement and access to patented medicines in developing countries - Canada's Bill C-9." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/294.
Full textOctober 2006
Labelle, Christophe. "Les débats publics suscités par la création des Expos de Montréal." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14022.
Full textThe 1960’s in Québec were marked by an intense nationalist movement promoting the political and cultural affirmation of the province’s francophone population. Also, the americanization of the territory was accelarating. It’s in this particular historical context that were born the Montreal Expos, in 1968, the team being part of the most important baseball league in the world, The Major League Baseball. The MLB then settled on a land where baseball is centenary. The goal of this master thesis is to study the debates and reactions that were created by the advent of Montreal in major baseball, and to determine the influence that the québécois nationalism, the Québec’s americanization and the long history of baseball in the province had on them. Even though both national communities of Québec are studied, the focus is further more on the francophones than the anglophones. The first ones seemed to be more interpellated by the creation of the Expos. Besides that, for the two linguistic groups, the actors who shared the most clearly and often their positions are the sports journalists, whom are in the center of our analysis. The opinions of baseball fans, politicians, buisness men and regular Quebec’s citizens are also presented and analyzed, but with less attention.
Mineau, Francis. "SQUEEZE : représentations du baseball dans l'imaginaire social au Québec : 1994-2014." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19355.
Full textBaseball holds a special place in Quebec’s public discourse. Its multiple representations, stuck between heartfelt passion and a stubborn disinterest, are proof of this. Besides the uniqueness of the French language (which is already significant in itself), we can suspect that a Quebec distinctiveness exists through the various cultural expressions of this sport, whether they be written, sung, drawn or publicized. Baseball has influenced both highbrow and popular culture and continues to be discussed, to penetrate and structure various discourses and to influence imagination and the imaginary. The aim of the present research is to provide a Quebec-specific reading of baseball’s presence and representations in the social, collective and cultural discourses between 1994 and 2014 through the consideration of four main themes : writing, space, time and sexuality.