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1
Hrubá, Marie. "Srovnání systémů podpory exportu v České republice a v Německu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-9423.
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First part deals with different schools of economics, their characteristics and approaches towards international trade and export support. Second part deals with the system of international trade, its organization and related obligations. Third part deals with the Czech Republic, its foreign trade, history of export support and current system of export support. Fourth part deals with Germany, its foreign trade, history of export support and current system of export support. In last part is conducted comparison of both systems of export supports.
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Molnar, Krisztina. "Government Export Support in a Global Era." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2695.
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Globalisation in general and trade liberalisation in particular have impacted on many areas of industrialised governments’ foreign economic policy. Export support is an area which is inevitably affected by trade liberalisation, as governments are expected to decrease their intervention into exports in the name of barrier-free(er) trade. However, if one considers that the 1990s and 2000s have seen governments expanding their trade promotion agencies, increasing funding for export support provision and developing a range of new export support programmes, it is easy to recognise that government export support seems to have grown, rather than diminished over the past decade. This thesis investigates the complex influences of the world trade regime, to create a nuanced picture within globalisation theories - which ultimately explains the paradox of growing government support in the era of deepening trade liberalisation.
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Molnar, Krisztina. "Government Export Support in a Global Era." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2695.
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Doctor of Philosophy(PhD)Globalisation in general and trade liberalisation in particular have impacted on many areas of industrialised governments’ foreign economic policy. Export support is an area which is inevitably affected by trade liberalisation, as governments are expected to decrease their intervention into exports in the name of barrier-free(er) trade. However, if one considers that the 1990s and 2000s have seen governments expanding their trade promotion agencies, increasing funding for export support provision and developing a range of new export support programmes, it is easy to recognise that government export support seems to have grown, rather than diminished over the past decade. This thesis investigates the complex influences of the world trade regime, to create a nuanced picture within globalisation theories - which ultimately explains the paradox of growing government support in the era of deepening trade liberalisation.
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Pýcha, Mikuláš. "Existence EGAP pohledem tržních a státních selhání (přínosy a náklady EGAP z pohledu České republiky)." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-360167.
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Diploma thesis focuses on an issue regarding the state interventions into market economy and provides the explanation, how does different economic ideas approach this issue and whether they support or deny the state interventions. It focuses in detail on support that is provided towards exporting companies. Czech Republic has two export credit agencies, firstly Export Guarantee and Insurance Corporation (EGAP) and secondly Czech Export Bank (CEB). This diploma thesis analyses only EGAP´s structure and quantifies the impact of its existence on Czech economy. In a first part we analyze historical evolution of ideologies that deals with state interventions and market failures in connection with support for exporters. It continues by description how international institutions like WTO or OECD work. Rules for export credit agencies, which summarize Consensus OECD, are closely analyzed. From this point forward the practical part begins to focus on EGAP´s structure. Firstly we describe the mechanism of support through the specific insurance products for exporters, following by analysis of uncommon structure of premium rate. The diploma thesis presents EGAP´s different approach in areas of regulation, structure of shareholders and uncommon risks insuring from regular commercial insurance company. In the last part we describe the procedure of evaluating the output of EGAP´s support for its whole existence. The analysis measures the profits and losses in related areas that were supported by EGAP´s insurance products. Mainly these areas are following: Accumulated loss of EGAP, The amount of profit amongst supported exporters, The amount of profit amongst financing banks and in the end the analysis of the positive impact on the unemployment in Czech Republic. The result should show, how convenient is for government to possess such an institution, especially nowadays when all developed countries do own similar institutions.
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Strakošová, Lada. "Vývoj proexportní politiky v ČR od r. 1993." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-12033.
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This thesis is focused on the development of the support of exports in the Czech republic. The Czech republic is a relatively small country which means it needs international trade to be able to satisfy domestic demand because of the lack of resources. In the early 90's the Czech republic was a transforming economy with no measures of export support. Because the czech exporters needed the public support to succeed on foreign markets, all the financial and non-financial measures of the export support had to be implemented from the beginning. To support the export, the country concluded contracts about trade liberalisation, provided information and assistance services for exporters and provided also financial and insurance services with the state assistance. The thesis is divided into several parts according to the periods of implementation of the export support. In the first two periods till 2002 there was not a unified system of providing the export support, the state institutions did not cooperate enough and the whole support system has been developing till the present. Since 2003 the Czech republic has had a conception of the export support that stipulates conditions of functioning of the export support system and it includes the ways how to improve this system.
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Malik, Mohammed Ehsan. "Export marketing support activity : a study on supporting export promotion programmes (EPPs) in Pakistan." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31125.
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Export marketing support services offered by the government and other agencies, particularly in developing countries, seem well-suited to exporting firms for their involvement in foreign markets. The effects of governmental export marketing support on firms' exporting activity is found a limited researched issue in international marketing, particularly the measurement of the effects of export promotion programmes (EPPs). Such programmes specifically are directed at assisting exporters' export market entry. The study addresses the role and effectiveness of export marketing support as the acquisition of such support is influenced by management's orientation and information search and use behaviour (Reid, 1984; Katiskeas and Piercy, 1993). The analysis involves:;1- A comparison of the sample groups of programmes' users (UEP) and programmes' non-users (NUEP). 2- A detailed investigation of the export promotion programmes (EPPs) in export market entry. Overall, the thesis findings suggest that certain behavioural differences exist between firms using export promotion programmes (EPPs) in their export market entry and the firms not using EPPs. But no difference was found as far as export performance of both sample groups is concerned. However, users of programmes seem more organised and proactive in export marketing activity. Measurement of the effectiveness of export promotion programmes (EPPs), however, appears complicated by a variety of factors which could not be clearly attributed to the use of EPPs. Such programmes are seen as having a lasting effect on the exporting firms' export market involvement. Although the role of export promotion programmes must be seen as complementary to firms' export marketing efforts in general, these are accorded importance in export market entry.
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Neradová, Hana. "Exportní politika České republiky." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-74035.
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The aim of this thesis is to introduce export policy of the Czech Republic, the institutions, which offer support to exporters and to describe their services. One of the chapters focuses on The Export strategy of the Czech Republic for years 2006-2010, its projects and fulfilment in year 2010. The end of this thesis includes some possible improvements in system of the export support.
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Vašíčková, Lucie. "Analýza podpory exportu prostřednictvím exportních úvěrových agentur ve světě a v České republice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192969.
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The aim of the diploma thesis is to create a comprehensive description of the ECAs, to describe the way of working and the risks that the agency must take. ECAs have long history and are influenced by the many events that contribute to the current form of ECA. The last major event that affected the meaning of the ECA is the recent financial and economic crisis, thanks to which the agency gained an even stronger position than before. In the theoretical part of the diploma thesis will be summarized information about export credit agencies gained from existing bibliography. There will be described various models of ECA, the types of provided services and the risks which are connected with process of granting loans in this part. The analytical part will be focused on a detailed description of the selected export credit agencies. There will be analyzed their way of working, structure, types of products and the impact of the aid. In the conclusion, a comparison is made of selected ECAs using selected indicators. There will be summary of results gained from analysis in the conclusion of the thesis.
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Neužilová, Ivana. "Vývoj proexportní politiky ČR od r. 1993 do současnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15950.
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Diploma thesis describes foundation and development of state support of international trade of the Czech Republic. First chapter is contributed to importance of international trade and reasons why states should support it. Second charter characterises system of international exchange during socialism and transformation to market economy. Third chapter, describing first half years 1990s, is devoted to institutions as EGAP, CzechInvest, Czech Centres and CzechTourism. Description and evaluation of above mentioned institutions is not limited by the year 1995. It is prolonged to nowadays for complexity of provided information and convenient orientation of reader. Foundation of Czech Export Bank in 1995 and of CzechTrade agency in 1997 are mentioned in fourth charter. The most recent stage of development being after 2000 year is described in charter number five.
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Pavlatovská, Lucie. "Řízení rizik exportního financování." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-149844.
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The aim of the diploma thesis is to propose and evaluate the political and credit risks management associated with the export of medical equipment to countries outside the European Union, including the short and long term analysis of financing options. Alternative solutions are based on well-known approaches of state organizations, which are experienced with the issue and commercial solutions offered by London Market in cooperation with the London insurance market. The main output is comparison of the proposed solutions and evaluation of the optimal solution according to the established criteria by Czech exporter.
11
Kosinová, Tereza. "Význam proexportní politiky ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-9359.
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The diploma thesis "Significance of Export Support in the Czech Republic" covers the theme of significance of the Czech export policy theoretically and also practically by studying, how Czech pro-export policy is used by Czech exporting firms.
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Zbranková, Lenka. "Srovnání systému podpory exportu v Rakousku a ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162203.
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This master's thesis deals with the comparison of export support systems in the Czech Republic and Austria. In the first chapter, the terms "export support" and "export credit agencies" are defined and instruments of export supporting policies as well as their positive and negative aspects are listed and EU regulation and policies in this field are briefly described. A short description of the Czech Republic and Austria follows. Special attention is paid to the following analysis of export strategies and export credit agencies in both economies. This descriptive theoretical part is complemented by a practical case study carried out in cooperation with TOSHULIN, a.s. -- a successful producer and exporter of machinery. Both systems of export support are evaluated from the point of view of the company's sales department. The thesis concludes with an evaluation of the topic, a comparison of the effectiveness of both export support systems, and the author's suggestions for potential innovation and improvement in this area.
13
Kohlmann, Daniel. "Vliv krize na státní finanční podporu exportu v ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-206993.
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The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the impact of the world economic crisis on the state export credit support in the Czech Republic. The thesis describes the structure of export support in the Czech Republic and in the practical part it describes the impact of the crisis on the activities of EGAP between the years 2007 and 2014. Based on the course of the chosen company indicators, the thesis proves the anti-crisis character of the company.
14
Fazle, Rabbi Ahmed, and Rubayet Hossain. "Analyzing the gap between Swedish governmental export support programs and cleantech firm’s expectations." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-91959.
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Given the present situation of environmental problems, clean technologies or cleantech is considered a way of reaching global sustainability and at the same time also seen as an engine of economic growth and fulfilling commitments to social and environmental welfare. Under this background, Swedish cleantech sector have not achieved that much commercial success yet that they are supposed to be while maintaining a reputation of top technological innovative country. The Swedish cleantech sector is dominated by small medium-sized firms (SMEs) and often limited to resources at their disposition. Thus, the Swedish government has designed various policies and export support programs to promote this sector but somehow firms could not reach up to them. Hence, it has become necessary to study the Swedish cleantech firms in order to analyze the existing gap. The purpose of this study is to run an investigation about individual cleantech firms and analyze how they are experiencing Swedish governmental export support programs. On the other hand, this study has also tried to find out what firms really expect from these programs so that it will help to reduce the gap. Based on the study of four cases and one independent interview, the study has shown two different scenarios. In one hand, micro level SMEs specially which are in initial phase of their internationalization process cannot reach up to governmental export support programs due to high acquiring cost and inflexible pre-requirements. On the other hand, small level SMEs which are in mature phase of their internationalization process have faced completely reverse experience than initial phase micro firms but not satisfied with the provided service quality. The study has also revealed that firms with relatively new technology face problems to get support from governmental agencies due to uncertain market performance. The study has further showed, this is not always the high acquiring cost and inflexible conditions, participation in governmental export support programs is also depend on firm’s owns mindset and their business strategy. So, in order to reduce the gap between Swedish governmental export support programs and cleantech firms’ expectations, the studied firms have suggested to implement a proper business model that fits into each type of firms’ needs based on their position in the internationalization process, create a separate institution or agency and Science Park that only deals with cleantech firms issues, and co-operation among the different state cleantech firms and the universities.
15
Sekuličová, Dominika. "Podnikatelské prostředí v České republice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264723.
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The thesis deals with the quality of business environment of the Czech Republic, nevertheless, the main goal of the thesis is to evaluate the current system of the export support. Firstly, the opening chapter attempts to define the term business environment theoretically, after that it puts forward the possibilities of quantifying the quality of this indicator and then summarizes its evolution specifically in the Czech Republic. The second chapter is particularly devoted to the system of economic diplomacy in the Czech Republic and concentrates primarily on the support of export as a part of national business support programs. In this context, the thesis analyses in full detail the Export Strategy of the Czech Republic for the period 2012-2020, its updated version of 2016 and also how defined goals are met on an ongoing basis. The final part provides the export survey carried out within small and medium-sized enterprises. This survey evaluates whether the system of the state export support is generally known and used within this segment.
16
Lehanka, Josef. "Význam pojišťování exportních úvěrů se státní podporou v době globální hospodářské krize." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75894.
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The first chapter summarises basic characteristics of the export credit insurance, particularly focusing on the export credit insurance with state support. The second chapter summarises the issue of export credit insurance as a tool of export-oriented politics. The third one describes international organisations and international regulations affecting export credit insurance with state support. Tha last chapter summarises developement of export credit insurance from the beginning to the present time including contemporary economic crisis.
17
Hynková, Veronika. "Podpora exportu ze strukturálních fondů Evropské Unie." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15988.
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The first chapter discusses the EU Regional policy. The second chapter deals with practical implementation of Structural Funds support in the Czech Republic. Chapter 3 sums up tools used to support export from EU Structural Funds in the Czech Republic. Chapter 4 concentrates on recent state export support in the Czech Republic. The last chapter summarizes the results of my own research among aid beneficiaries from the Marketing programme.
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Polata, Tomáš. "Podnikatelské prostředí v Ruské federaci? Stabilita, potencionální výhody pro ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-136328.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze historical development, current situation and potential trends of future development of business enviroment in Russian Federation. This thesis shall provide sufficient information base especially for small and medium-sized Czech enterprises, that are deciding whether to export to the Russian market, or act on it directly. The thesis is also focussing on possible advantages of Czech enterprises in export to Russian market, as well as on various kinds of support, that are provided to them by governmental and non-governmental organizations in Czech Republic.
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Erbenová, Jana. "Exportní potřeby malých a středních podniků versus podpora státu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-74346.
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For such a small open economy as is the case of the Czech Republic, export is one of the key growth factors. Further, small and medium sized enterprises are very efficient tool of the economic stability. Government should therefore analyse and fulfil export needs of those entrepreneurs. There is actually no questin about importance of government assistance. Most of the developed countries already help their small and medium enterprises. Ignoring this fact could lead to the reduction of the competitive strength of Czech companies. The diploma thesis analyses the export needs of those firms and compares them with the government assistance programs. Theoretical part is focused on definition of this entrepreneur's category, describes assistance frame and analyses the influence of export on the Czech economy. Practical part deals with individual export assistance programs and analyses the export needs of Czech exporters based on several surveys. The last part of the diploma thesis compares the Czech government assistance with the assistance that foreign countries provide their entrepreneurs with. The final recommendations regarding the possibilities of increase in the efficiency of the government assistence are included in the last chapter.
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Branikovičová, Dagmara. "Finančné a nefinančné nástroje štátnej podpory exportu v ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10529.
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This thesis embraces the system of state support of export in Czech republic. Basic financial and non-financial instruments of state support of export in Czech republic are introduced in particular chapters which also contains a description of institutions dealing with above mentioned instruments.
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Šeović, Mirela. "Porovnání systémů státní podpory financování vývozu v České republice a Spojených státech amerických se zaměřením na Českou exportní banku a Export-Import Bank of the United States." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-196548.
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This thesis presents a comparison of export support systems in the Czech Republic and the United States of America. The emphasis is put mainly on functioning of the system of state-supported export finance and subsequent presentation of two types of export credit institutions - Czech Export Bank, plc. and Export and Import Bank of the United States. Both institutions are described in the theoretical part. In the practical part the theoretical knowledge is applied in a fictional business case.
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Hofírková, Lucie. "Uplatňování Konsensu OECD při financování exportu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199959.
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This thesis deals with the support of export and export financing, with a focus on international regulation of this area, namely the Consesus OECD, i.e. the Arrangement on Officially Supported Export Credits. The paper describes the general background of this Arrangement and its requirements on the financial terms of provided export credits. The above mentioned is demonstrated on the concrete practice in the Czech Republic. The paper includes a detailed overview of the institutional framework of official support of export credits and the most important export credits parameters are illustrated by concise indicative offer of export financing. This thesis also summarizes the process and possible outcomes of current negotiations concerning the Consensus OECD and possible future cooperation with non-participant countries.
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Salíni, Linda. "Nové formy inštitucionálneho zaisťovania proexportnej politiky v ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75440.
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This thesis provides an overview of the importance of exports for the Czech economy and the main instruments used for support of exports by state and private institutions. It also presents new export activities of a non-state institution - International Chamber of Commerce in the Czech Republic (ICC Czech Republic), which is the general public not sufficiently aware of. The work contains opinions and positions of entities being directly affected by state export promotion in the Czech Republic - particularly small and medium enterprises, large exporters, and commercial banks - and also their specific requirements for the content of state export strategy. Their opinions are derived from various surveys and analysis and based on the information obtained from ICC Czech Republic. To create high-quality export strategy, it is necessary for the Ministry of Industry and Trade to cooperate with all relevant subjects such as EGAP, Czech Export Bank, Czech Chamber of Commerce, ICC Czech Republic, but especially with the business community. The strategy also needs to include the consolidation of state export promotion services, the allocation of sufficient funds for the Czech Export Bank and EGAP, the involvement of commercial banks in foreign trade finance and enhancement of international competitiveness of Czech exports. Thus can only be increased its contribution to individual subjects of foreign trade and the State itself.
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Shim, Yong Ju. "Manufacturing emerging economy firms in export markets." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/17819.
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Este artigo fornece uma nova perspectiva sobre como as empresas de manufaturas de economias emergentes (EEFs) conseguem alcançar desempenho superior nas exportações. Diferente das empresas de economias desenvolvidas que não tem problemas com dotação, as EEFs só chegam aos mercados externos adicionando recursos externos (apoio governamental através de subsídios), os seus recursos internos (capacidade de P&D) são para influenciar seu ambiente interno (produção de patentes internacionais e desenvolvimento de estratégias de exportação). Investigo 140 empresas de quatro países (Brasil, Rússia, Índia e China), entre os anos de 2008 e 2012, com dados obtidos por meio de um questionário online. Estabeleço relações entre as variáveis para orientar o desenvolvimento empírico com modelagem de equações estruturais.
This paper provides a new perspective on how manufacturing emerging economy firms (EEFs) achieve superior export performance. Unlike manufacturing developed economy firms that lack endowment problems, manufacturing EEFs only reach external markets by adding external resources (government support via subsidies) to their internal resources (R&D capabilities) to influence their internal environment (international patent production and export strategy development). I investigate 140 firms from four countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) between 2008 and 2012 with data from an online survey. I establish relationships between the variables to guide the empirical development with structural equation modeling.
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Pearson, Joseph John Acton. "A decision support model to identify realistic export opportunities for South Africa / Joseph John Acton Pearson." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1297.
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Novák, Patrik. "Strategické trhy pro české exportéry: země MERCOSUR, Mexico." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-112703.
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The subject of this thesis are countries in Latin America, specifically Mexico and the member states of the economic integration MERCOSUR, Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela, Paraguay and Uruguay, their foreign trade and economic relations with EU, Czech Republic respectively and the state support for exporters. The goal is to characterize the selected countries and their standings within the region and towards EU/CZ, to classify their trade relations and identify perspective export-oriented branches and to enumerate services and advantages for Czech exporters through state export support. To achieve these objectives many statistics have been used, in particular: demographic structure, GDP structure, history of the balance of trade, product grouping of exports a.o. Analysis showed that the degree of difficulty for Czech exporters to penetrate the markets of Mexico and MERCOSUR member states differs greatly. Perspective export commodities are transport vehicles, processing machinery and manufactures. The possibility to use services of the state export support is specific to each country. Mexico and MERCOSUR, based on the total value of mutual trade, are not the most significant trade partners of the Czech Republic, they, however, hold considerable potential.
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Krutinis, Mindaugas. "Statybos eksporto efektyvumo didinimas taikant internetines sprendimų paramos ir žinių sistemas." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20061206_202651-32401.
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Pagrindinis tyrimo tikslas – pasiūlyti analizės metodus, skirtus statybos eksporto žiniomis grįstai sprendimų paramos sistemai kurti. •Įvertinti statybos eksporto efektyvumą daugiakriterinės analizės metodais. •Pritaikyti ekspertinius metodus, kuriant statybos eksporto galimybių analizės ir geriausios patirties žinių bazės sistemą; atlikti užsienio šalių statybos eksporto sektoriaus analizę, pasitelkiant naujausias informacines ir telekomunikacines technologijas. •Analizuoti pasaulinio interneto tinklo, kaip užsienio statybos pramonės rinkos tyrimų įrankio taikymą. •Pateikti pasiūlymus, kaip naudojant naujausias informacines technologijas ir žinių sistemas sumažinti eksporto sąnaudas, padidinti efektyvumą.The main aim of the research: to offer analysis methods for development of a knowledge-based decision support system in the sphere of construction export: to evaluate the effectiveness of construction export using methods of multiple criteria analysis; to make use of expert methods when developing the system of feasibility study of construction export and the knowledge base of best experience; to describe application of internet as a tool in analysis of foreign markets and provide offers to exporters of the Lithuanian construction branch on how to use Internet in their activities thus granting improvement of export effectiveness; to provide offers on how to reduce export cost and improve effectiveness and quality by using the newest IT and knowledge systems.
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Grater, Sonja. "The development of an export opportunities model for South African services / S. Grater." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5559.
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The services sector has played an increasingly important role in international trade in recent years. The negotiations under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) in recent years have initiated a global drive to liberalise services trade. However, this liberalisation process holds many challenges, especially for developing countries that do not have an adequate regulatory system to sufficiently support and promote these new export sectors. The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) in South Africa recognised a need to undertake scientific research to identify the development and export potential of key services sectors.
In the period from 2005 until 2009, the services sector contributed 65% on average to the GDP of South Africa. In 2010, 79% of the labour force in South Africa was employed in the services sector. However, services only contributed 19% to total exports from South Africa in the period from 2005 until 2009 (ITC, 2010a). The largest services export sectors for South Africa over the five–year period were travel (63%), transportation (11%), and business services (9%). This indicates that South Africa?s services exports are mostly concentrated in one sector, namely travel, and this clearly indicates the need for South Africa to diversify exports of services into other sectors.
Export promotion is one of the methods that governments can use in order to stimulate the export growth of a country. Given the need to increase and diversify the exports of South African services, this study aimed to investigate the literature in order to establish possible guidelines for the export promotion of services specifically.
Export promotion instruments should aim to identify potential export opportunities in order to allocate scarce government resources to the active promotion of the sectors with the highest export potential. In order to aid government with this process, Cuyvers, De Pelsmacker and Roozen (1995) developed a decision support model (DSM) that could determine potential export opportunities for products in Belgium by using a scientifically–based method. This model was adapted for South African products in 2007 and further refined in 2009 and 2010 for the DTI in South Africa. In all cases, the DSM analysis was only applied to products and the services sector was never taken into consideration owing to the data differences and the nature of services. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a similar model for the services sector in South Africa that could identify the sectors and countries with the highest potential for services export diversification. The results of such a model could also be incorporated into a services sector strategy for South Africa. Such a services strategy does not currently exist for South Africa and if the results of this model were incorporated into such a strategy, it would be the first of its kind.
The study reviewed the methodology of the DSM for products and found that the methodology of the first two filters could be applied to the available services data in a similar manner. However, owing to the nature of services and the limited availability of data, the third and fourth filters had to be adapted to consider these differences. Therefore, a new model was developed to incorporate the nature of services, and the new model was named the export opportunities model (EOM) for services. A new methodology was developed for the third and fourth filters in the EOM for services. A new cell structure was also constructed to categorise the results of the EOM according to the specific market characteristics, which could be used in export promotion strategies to develop specific promotion instruments for each type of market.
The results of the EOM for services on a geographical basis showed that the highest export opportunities for services in South Africa were in Eastern and South–Eastern Asia, followed by the European market. The results also identified specific sectors that have high export potential for South African services. The sectors with the highest export potential are travel, transportation, construction services, communications services and other business services. These results can be incorporated into a services sector export promotion strategy for the DTI in South Africa.
The study also compared the results of the DSM for products with the results of the EOM for services, in order to establish guidelines on regional export opportunities for both products and services. The study found that the highest export opportunities were in the Asian and European regions. The DTI in South Africa could use these product/country combinations and services/country combinations to develop specific export promotion instruments and strategies for each region in the world.Thesis (Ph.D. (International Trade))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Mzumara, Macleans. "Developing an export promotion strategy for the post-conflict reconstruction of Zimbabwe / Macleans Mzumara." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9802.
Full textAbstract:
The study intended to investigate whether Zimbabwe possesses realistic potential export opportunities that can lead to the sustainable reconstruction of its economy. The study was initiated on the premise that Zimbabwe is a fragile state and a post-conflict country going through reconstruction. The study also premised itself on the foundation that the current recovery efforts by Zimbabwe – although they have yielded some positive results, have still fallen short of providing sustainable economic growth without meaningful deeper reforms. Hence, this study is an attempt to provide policy makers with an alternative researched export promotion strategy with a focus on realistic potential opportunities.
The study employed two techniques, namely survey of literature and empirical investigation. The survey of literature was achieved through theoretical literature on post-conflict reconstruction. Exports were identified in the various experiences of those countries that have gone through post-conflict reconstruction and still managed to use them in their recovery process. This necessitated a thorough investigation of literature to draw a theory upon which exports promotion could rely. The major theory that was surveyed in the literature is exportled growth (ELG). The theory is based on the premise that exports influence economic growth. Empirical evidence through literature was established in the studies carried out in different countries supporting the hypothesis. The theory was seen as superior to the import substitution strategy which led many developing countries to lag behind those which adopted export-led growth policies.
The other aspect of empirical investigation was carried out through the application of the Decision Support Model (DSM). This is a scientific model that is used as a method of market selection. The model’s 4 filters were modified to include a 5th filter to specifically take into account the special circumstances of Zimbabwe. The 5th filter extension of the model provided a substantial contribution by this study to the model. A proxy of Zimbabwe’s neighbours – namely Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa and Zambia was used to reinforce Zimbabwe’s competitiveness. This was based on the assumption that if Zimbabwe’s neighbours under similar conditions can successfully penetrate certain markets, then Zimbabwe should not find it difficult to penetrate the same markets. This empirical investigation showed that Zimbabwe does possess realistic potential export opportunities. The results identified 344 realistic export opportunities (REOs) for Zimbabwe in 17 regions, 50 countries, 13 sectors and 112 product lines. The study observed that Zimbabwe is in fact not utilising much of the REOs.
In order to enable Zimbabwe to utilise the REOs, the study developed an appropriate export promotion strategy. The export promotion strategy is based on the results obtained from empirical investigation. The export promotion strategy has sub-strategies which respond to the specific needs of individual sectors and individual markets. The study established that instead of spending resources in an unfocused manner, the meagre resources can be applied to a more focused export promotion strategy. Based on the experiences of other countries that have gone through a similar post-conflict reconstruction process and have also used the theoretical conceptual framework of the export-led growth theory, the DSM results show there are realistic export opportunities (REOs) and these may contribute towards economic growth and recovery. The study further provided recommendations on how Zimbabwe could realise realistic potential export opportunities.
This study has made a three-fold contribution. Firstly, a contribution has been made to the literature on post-conflict reconstruction and export promotion. Secondly, a significant contribution has been made by extending the Decision Support Model with a 5thfilter that also considers the supply side in the model. Finally, it has formulated an export promotion strategy, which can be applied by policy makers in Zimbabwe.Thesis (PhD (Economics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Duchečková, Dana. "Srovnání systémů podpory vývozu v ČR a SRN." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76016.
Full textAbstract:
First part of the theses deals with mutual trade between the Czech Republic and Germany. There are specified single instruments of pro-export policy and importance of the EU, Consensus OECD and the Berne Union in the area of export support. Second part describes export support system in the Czech Republic, its strategy, institutions and offered services. Third part deals with export support in Germany, its programmes and institutions. In forth part, comparison of both export support systems in both countries is conducted. Regarding the orientation of the theses on institutions providing export credit instance, last part involves also a practical example of export insurance.
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MacLennan, Jacyntha. "The identification of South African export opportunities : special reference of fruit juice to Oman and Qatar / J. MacLennan." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5037.
Full textAbstract:
As part of the Accelerated Shared Growth Initiative of South Africa (AsgiSA), the South African government is focusing on improving the country's export performance (Department of Trade and Industry, 2006a). One of the objectives of the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) is to increase the level of South African exports through the development and implementation of strategies for targeted markets. The DTI commissioned a study to scientifically identify priority products and markets in order to justify its export promotion activities and to ensure that government resources are effectively allocated. Tills led to the development of the Decision Support Model (DSM) by Viviers and Pearson (2007) as an instrument to identify realistic export opportunities for South Africa.
The Viviers and Pearson (2007) study adapted and refined the methodology of Cuyvers et al. (1995) to the South African circumstances and used a sequential filtering process to identify realistic product/market export combinations for South Africa. The outcome of the DSM for South Africa was 9690 SITC product/market opportunities in seventy-four countries, clustered in twelve geographic regions. One of these regions was the Middle East. The DTI indicated the need for a study on South Africa's export opportunities to the Middle East as a result of their prioritisation of regions for export promotion. This need is therefore the rationale of this study. The research objectives were to analyse the identified Middle East countries and determine the product with the most realistic export opportunities to two of the Middle East countries and lastly, to develop a market profile to assist the DTI in promoting the exports of this product to these countries.
In this study, several methods of product and market selection were investigated in order to determine the most suitable method to identify the product/market opportunities from the DSM to the Middle East. The product selection method selected involved a three-phase filtering process to determine the product with the highest export potential to the Middle East. The analysis was based on a cluster-selection process. It was determined that fruit juice was the product with the highest export potential to the region. The market selection process used a composite market potential index to determine which country in the Middle East had the highest potential for exports of fruit juice from South Africa. The two countries in the Middle East with the highest potential to import fruit juice from South Africa were Oman and Qatar.
A market profile for the export of fruit juice to Oman and Qatar was developed. The market profile provided an economic overview of the two markets, analysed the market potential of fruit juice and provided technical information regarding the requirements for the export of fruit juice by South Africa to Oman and Qatar. The results of this study firstly indicate to the DTI and exporters that South Africa should export fruit juice to Oman and Qatar and secondly presents a market profile with detailed information of the process to follow in exporting fruit juice to these countries.Thesis (M.Com. (International Commerce))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Bassetti, Diogo Ribas. "Mapping-out export opportunities for Brazilian products to the BRICS." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18821.
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This study aims to identify export opportunities for Brazilian products to other countries of the BRICS. It utilized the Decision Support Model (DSM), created by Cuyvers et al (1995), with the intent of assisting policy makers and instituitions by identifying and filtering foreign markets and as a result detecting export opportunities. This is the first application of the DSM to Brazil, therefore the literature has no history about Brazilian export opportunities in reference of this model. The analysis made had as input the HS 6-digit level of disaggregation of products, being able to retain a high level of depth regarding the right selection of products in the BRICS’ import market, aside from Brazil. The overall analysis was made between 2011 and 2015. The results of the model showed 1,113 products which can be successfully exported to Russia, China, India and South Africa, evaluated as realistic export opportunities, and following a Marketshare analysis, between 80% and 95% of those products, with small variations from year to year, are not explored or explored very little by Brazil’s exporters. The model also exposed 292 products in which Brazil already has or had expertise in exporting. Also, it was calculated the potential value of those exports: the year of 2014 a total US$ 136.9 billions of dollars; for the year of 2015, 101.7 billions of dollars; and considering products selected by Brazil’s export capacity, for 2014, 62.3 billions of dollars; for 2015, 43 billions of dollars.
Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar oportunidades de exportação de produtos brasileiros para outros países do BRICS. Utilizou o Decision Support Model (DSM), criado por Cuyvers et al (1995), com a intenção de auxiliar políticos e instituições, identificando e filtrando mercados externos e, como resultado, detectando oportunidades de exportação. Esta é a primeira aplicação do DSM para o Brasil, portanto, a literatura não tem história sobre as oportunidades de exportação brasileiras em referência a este modelo. A análise realizada teve como entrada o nível de desagregação de produtos de 6 dígitos do HS, podendo manter um alto nível de profundidade em relação à seleção correta de produtos no mercado de importação do BRICS, além do Brasil. A análise geral foi feita entre 2011 e 2015. Os resultados do modelo mostraram 1.113 produtos que podem ser exportados com sucesso para a Rússia, China, Índia e África do Sul, avaliados como oportunidades de exportação realistas e, após uma análise da Marketshare, entre 80% e 95 % desses produtos, com pequenas variações de ano para ano, não são explorados ou explorados muito pouco pelos exportadores brasileiros. O modelo também expôs 292 produtos em que o Brasil já possui ou tem experiência em exportar. Além disso, foi calculado o valor potencial dessas exportações: o ano de 2014 totalizou 136,9 bilhões de dólares; para o ano de 2015, 101,7 bilhões de dólares; e considerando produtos selecionados pela capacidade de exportação do Brasil, para 2014, 62,3 bilhões de dólares; para 2015 43 bilhões de dólares.
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Richter, Stanislav. "SMEs in Foreign Trade of the Czech Republic." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124665.
Full textAbstract:
This diploma thesis deals with the question of export support for small and medium enterprises in the context of international trade of the Czech Republic. It presents a comprehensive study of the development of foreign trade of the Czech Republic since 1993 to the present, focusing especially on the role of small and medium-sized enterprises and their importance for the whole economy. Fruther it maps the availability of both state and private export support services which are consequently compared with actual needs, identified through own research among small and medium-sized enterprises. On these basis possible modifications leading to more efficient and transparent system are recommended with ambitions to improve the export performance of small and medium-sized enterprises.
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Werstén, Bengt. "Implementing the Transport Layer Security Protocol for Embedded Systems." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8767.
Full textAbstract:
Web servers are increasingly being used in embedded devices as a communication medium. As more systems connect to the Internet, the need for security is increasing. The Transport Layer Protocol (TLS) is the successor of Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and provides security in almost all secure Internet transactions. This thesis aims to investigate if TLS can be adapted to embedded systems without sacrificing much of the system resources available.
A literature study and an implementation of TLS have been performed. The literature study determined resource intense parts of TLS, hardware support as well as export laws applicable to TLS. The different parts of the implementation are evaluated on an ARM7-core to determine the execution times. The results for the symmetric ciphers AES and 3DES are compared when measuring execution times using both software and hardware solutions. The size of the implementation is also measured.
TLS was shown to be able to integrate on embedded systems. Practical issues such as certificates and keys can be solved in different ways to suite the target environment. The largest remaining issue is the execution time for asymmetric algorithms. The results that are provided clearly illustrates that the RSA used for key exchange is very time consuming. Alternative solutions to gain better performance are discussed.
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Nakládal, Jiří. "Aktuální trendy v systému státní podpory úvěrového pojištění v České republice." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-165921.
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This dissertation offers a complex analysis of the state supported export credit market in the Czech Republic. For the most part of the work the author deals with credit insurance market as it represents a key part of the system. Author analyses portfolio specifics of the local export credit insurance agency and searches for the most effective risk mitigation techniques and procedures in order to maintain its long-term non-loss operations while keeping in mind its special supportive mission. Particular attention is given to the export credit insurance agency's business policy that copes with problems of information asymmetry, moral hazard and adverse selection. Author points out the differences between state supported and commercial insurers, analyses European legislation preventing export credit agencies from competition with commercial insurers and outlines more effective endogenous and self-regulating system. Minority of the work deals with less important export credit financing agency that represents a dominant player at the export credit financing market. Author finds almost twenty reasons of its extraordinary position at the market that has no analogy within developed countries worldwide and outlines a system securing its complement role to the commercial banks. Finally the author provides the analysis of the whole state supported export credit system, highlights its main risks in conjunction with each other and concludes that combination of negative circumstances influencing several important features of the system could possibly lead to a long-term instability of the system.
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Hagen, Egil Ragnar. "Development of coffee production in Nepal : analysis of an appropriate supply chain and institutional support for production and export of specialty coffee from Nepal /." Agder : Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universitetet i Agder, 2008. http://brage.bibsys.no/hia/bitstream/URN:NBN:no-bibsys_brage_9008/1/Hagen.pdf.
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Ntombela, Sifiso Mboneni. "Scenario development to support strategic planning in the south african table grape industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4160.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MScAgric (Agricultural Economics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African table grape industry has evolved significantly in the last two decades. Ever improving supply chain technologies, post-harvest technology innovation, and more efficient production inputs have all stimulated the production of table grapes in all five South African production regions. While the industry in general is well developed, from the late 1990s the competitiveness status of the South African table grape industry has been negative as far as international competitiveness is rated. Prior to this, from 1961 to 1998, the industry had recorded positive trends in competitiveness. The recent decline, from as early as the 2000s, in the competitiveness of the industry can be attributed to rising competition from alternate Southern Hemisphere suppliers, increasing production costs and export costs, as well as inadequate market diversification. As a result of its negative competitiveness status, the table grape industry wants to diversify its export markets in order to improve and protect the industry‟s position in the global table grape markets. The objective of this study is to investigate the viability of specific export market diversification scenarios. The aim is to evaluate the potential impact on the table grape industry if export volumes were to be relocated from traditional to emerging markets, and the potential risk if the industry were to maintain the current market distribution. The study developed a deterministic farm-level model based on accounting principles as a tool for simulating and analysing the impact of changes in markets on the financial viability of farms under different scenarios. A scenario development process is adopted in this study as it offers the possibility of integrating various kinds of data in a consistent manner, and it can represent the views and expectations of several stakeholders simultaneously. Three scenarios were developed: (i) Scenario 1 presents the continuation of current market distributions (i.e. 85% of South African exports are marketed in Europe and another 15% are distributed to other global markets); (ii) Scenario 2A depicts a situation where export volumes are slowly redistributed to emerging markets; and (iii) Scenario 2B presents a situation where export volumes are rapidly redistributed to emerging markets. The targets for both Scenarios 2A and 2B are to market 60% of South African exports to Europe and 40% to other global markets. Scenarios 2A and 2B are driven by similar factors, including improving industry information, globalisation, increasing competition, and table grape prices An analysis of factors shaping the table grape export sector shows that the industry can no longer afford to send large export quantities predominantly to its traditional markets, due to increasing competition and diminishing market prices. Furthermore, the analysis shows that continuing with the current market diversification will have a negative impact on the industry, as farm returns, employment and farm units will decline under this scenario. The results suggest that the industry would be better off if export volumes were redistributed away from Europe to other markets.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gedurende die laaste twee dekades het die Suid Afrikaanse Tafeldruif Industrie met rasse skrede vooruitgegaan. Dit kan grootliks toegeskryf word aan verbeterde tegnologiese ontwikkeling en innovasie in die voorsieningsketting en na-oes tegnologie arenas, asook aan meer doeltreffende produksie insette wat produksie toenames in al vyf die Suid Afrikaanse produksie areas gestimuleer het. Alhoewel die industrie relatief goed ontwikkeld was sedert sy ontstaan, was die kompeterende status daarvan meestal negatief sedert die 1990‟s, gemeet aan internasionale kompetisie. Daar was egter tussen 1961 en 1998 ook positiewe mededinging tendense. Die onlangse verlaagde vlakke van mededingendheid van die industrie (veral sedert die vroeë 2000‟s) kan toegeskryf word aan verhoogde kompetisie vanaf ander Suidelike Halfrond verskaffers, verhoogde produksie- en uitvoerkoste, asook aan onvoldoende mark diversifisering. As gevolg van die negatiewe mededingendheid status, wil die tafeldruif industrie sy uitvoer markte diversifiseer om te verseker dat die industrie sy posisie in die globale tafeldruif mark kan beskerm. Die doel van hierdie studie is dus om die lewensvatbaarheid van spesifieke uitvoer mark diversifisering scenario‟s te ondersoek. Daarmee saam is die potensiële impak op die industrie ook bepaal vir (a) „n hoë persentasie uitvoer volumes wat verskuif vanaf tradisionele markte na ontluikende market, of (b) wat die risiko sal wees indien die huidige markverspreiding vlakke behou word. Die studie ontwikkel „n deterministiese plaasvlak model, gebaseer op rekeningkundige beginsels, om as hulpmiddel te dien vir die simulering en analise van die impak van verandering van teikenmarkte op die fnansiële lewensvatbaarheid van plase onder verskillende omstandighede. „n Scenario intwikkelings proses word in hierdie studie aangeneem aangesien dit toelaat vir die integrasie van verskillende tipes data op „n eenvormige wyse, terwyl dit ook die sieninge en verwagtinge van verskeie rolspelers terselfdertyd kan verteenwoordig. Drie scenario‟s word ontwikkel naamlik (i) Scenario 1: Dit verteenwoordig die huidige mark verspreiding (85% van Suid Afrikaanse uitvoere word in Europa bemark terwyl 15% versprei word na ander globale markte); (ii) Scenario 2A: Hier word die situasie uitgebeeld indien uitvoer volumes stadig herverdeel word na ontluikende markte; en (iii) Scenario 2B: Hier word die situasie uitgebeeld indien uitvoer volumes vinnig herverdeel word na ontluikende markte. Die teikens vir beide Scenario 2A en 2B is om 60% van die Suid Afrikaanse uitvoere in Europa te bemark en 40% in ander globale markte. Beide scenario‟s word deur dieselfde faktore gestu wat onder andere verbeterde industrie inligting, globalisering, verhoogde kompetisie en produk pryse insluit. „n Ontleding van die vormende faktore van die tafeldruif uitvoer sektor toon dat die industrie nie langer kan bekostig om hoë uitvoer volumes na die tradisionele markte te stuur nie, as gevolg van sterker kompetisie en krimpende markpryse. Die ontleding toon ook verder dat, indien voortgegaan word met die huidige mark diversifiserings model, die industrie negatief beïnvloed sal word in terme van verlaagde plaas inkomste, werkverskaffing en die aantal boerdery eenhede. Die uitslae dui dus daarop dat die industrie beter daaraan toe sal wees indien die huidige uitvoer volumes herverdeel kan word na ander (nie-Europese) markte.
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Klimentová, Lenka. "Srovnání systému podpory vývozu v ČR a v Irské republice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-9337.
Full textAbstract:
This diploma thesis compares the system of export support in the Czech Republic with the system of export support in Ireland. Both countries are characterized in the first two chapters from the economic view, especially from the view of international trade. The core of this thesis is devoted to the systems of support of export in each country with a view to the institutions, which help to exercise the support of export, and with a view to the instruments, that these institutions use to achieve their goals. The thesis contains the evaluation of efficiency of these systems of export support and mutual comparison of these systems.
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Kühn, Marié-Luce. "Exporters' information requirements : the role of competitive intelligence in the export promotion of extruders / Marié-Luce Kühn." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4237.
Full textAbstract:
Export-led growth is important for a number of reasons. At a macro-economic level, it can create
profit, allowing a country to balance its finances and manage its debt. Export-led growth can also
lead to higher productivity and job creation. At a micro-economic level, exports and export-led
growth lead to higher competitiveness and business growth. From an exporter’s perspective,
however, participation in the global economy and export to new foreign markets bring with them the
challenge of acquiring the required knowledge of an unknown market.
Relevant information gathered has to be subjected to analysis and interpretation before it can be
applied to strategic business decisions regarding the company and its market. This study proposes
that Competitive Intelligence (CI) be used as an instrument to determine the types of export
information that exporters require, as it focuses on exporters’ information requirements and
enhances their competitiveness. The increasingly competitive business environment places
increasing demands on Trade Promotion Organisations (TPOs) to make better use of resources
available in order to tailor products and services to the needs of exporters. TPOs are amongst the
main sources of information and export assistance for exporters. Other export information sources
include publications and a variety of human sources. The assistance of TPOs can take the form of
various export-promotion instruments, such as market research, trade fairs and business
introductions. TPOs face various challenges, including that of scarce resources. Therefore, such
resources must be utilised optimally and in order to achieve efficiency, Realistic Export
Opportunities (REOs) need to be prioritised.
This study stresses the importance of export diversification and the export of manufactured goods.
Export diversification brings its own challenges including the question of which products to promote for export. The application of a Decision Support Model developed by Cuyvers et al. (1995:173)
for South Africa identified a number of REOs. Amongst these was the export of South Africanmanufactured
extruders to Tunisia. Against the background of the importance of export growth, the
types of information that exporters use and the sources of such information were determined by
means of a survey of extruder manufacturers, TPOs and users of extruders. With the export
potential of extruders to Tunisia as an REO as focus, a market study was conducted using the case
study research method.
Results of the survey indicate that the only type of information that extruder manufacturers as
potential new exporters in South Africa seek on a continuous basis is competitor information,
specifically pricing information. However, the findings indicate that this is not typically the type of
information supplied by TPOs in South Africa. Furthermore there is no evidence that extruder
manufacturers have processes in place to monitor markets and competitors, or to identify key types
of information. Concerning the case study, it was found that there is indeed a potential market for
extruders in Tunisia and that the industries in which extruders are typically used are significant and
growing. It was however also found that there are high trade barriers and high market
concentration. Therefore, in terms of an export-promotion strategy for TPOs, an offensive exportpromotion
strategy is proposed.
In terms of further research, this study points to a need for research of this nature to extend to the
wider capital equipment industry. It is further recommended that market profiles of the markets that
show the most potential for specific products produced and manufactured in South Africa as
evident from the results of Rossouw, Steenkamp, Viviers and Cuyvers (2010) be compiled.Thesis (Ph.D. (International Trade))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Bačanji, Željko. "Bankovní garanční produkty." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-4819.
Full textAbstract:
In first chapter this work describes security instruments which banks offer to their clients. In second chapter it deals with state credit support, and security instruments in it, and also compares the situation in Czech republic with the situation in a few ex-Yugoslavian republics. In the last chapter work points at possibilities of short term export financing.
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Bizoňová, Jana. "Vstup českých malých a středních podniků na čínský trh." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201631.
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This diploma thesis deals with Czech economic diplomacy as an instrument or rather tool of the foreign policy of the Czech Republic to promote its economic interests and goals in the People´s Republic of China. Specifically, it deals with the state pro-export policy and state support of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the process of entering Chinese market. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter explores the concept of economic diplomacy and the models of the governance of economic diplomacy in the world as well as in the Czech Republic. The second chapter focuses on the realization of the Czech economic diplomacy in China, analyzes the Czech-Chinese foreign trade and the development of political and diplomatic relations between the two countries. The third chapter is devoted to the SMEs and their penetration of the Chinese market. It explains the importance of the SMEs to the Czech economy and export and defines the phases of the penetration. In this chapter, the author examines how the state supports the SMEs entering the Chinese market and whether this support covers all phases of this complex process. Finally, the author explains why SMEs are not satisfied with the state support of export and outlines possible solutions.
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Hrušková, Lenka. "Financovanie cezhraničných aktivít MSP." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-81905.
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First chapter explains the concept of SME in terms of providing of the state support, and points out their contribution to economy and society. Second chapter provides a brief overview of the activities of EU towards SME sector and state support of cross-border activities of SME. Third chapter provides an overview of commercial and alternative forms of financing of SME's activities, such as activities of commercial banks towards SMEs, factoring, leasing and private equity). Fourth chapter is an analysis of impact of crisis on financing of SME, concentrated on governmental anticrisis measurements and their real impact on financing of export with state support.
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Kuličková, Iveta. "Aktivity společnosti CzechTrade v oblasti česko-ruských obchodních vztahů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-4842.
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The first part is devoted to the characteristic of Russian Federation, to the Czech-Russian business relations and organizations, which provide support for Czech enterprises exporting to Russia. The following one describes Czech Trade Promotion Agency (CzechTrade) and services, which this organization and its representative offices offer to Czech exporters. The final part is engaged in the activities of foreign offices acting in Russian Federation, in export alliances and successful cases of cooperation between CzechTrade's offices in Russia and Czech companies.
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Mulleta, Fantu Farris. "Special and differential treatment for trade in agriculture :does it answer the quest for development in African countries?" Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2877_1297751067.
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The research paper seeks to investigate the possible ways in which African countries can maximise their benefit from the existing special and differential treatment clauses for trade in agriculture, and, then, make recommendations as to what should be the potential bargaining position of African countries with regard to future trade negotiations on agricultural trade.
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Catanzaro, Alexis. "Influence des Services d’Accompagnement à l'Export sur les ressources et la performance internationale des Exportatrices Précoces." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON10040/document.
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Cette thèse s'intéresse aux Services d'Accompagnement à l'Export proposés par les acteurs de l'accompagnement. Les pouvoirs publics s'interrogent sur l'efficacité de ces aides. La littérature fait état de résultats contradictoires sur cette question, notamment à cause de l'absence d'une mesure valide de l'accompagnement à l'export qui rend difficile la comparaison des résultats. Cette difficulté est exacerbée par la diversité des entreprises accompagnées. En effet, les aides ont été pensées pour les entreprises à internationalisation par étapes. Pourtant, il apparaît que les Exportatrices Précoces, type d'entreprise à internationalisation précoce le plus répandu mais aussi le plus fragile, utilisent les mêmes aides. Dès lors, deux questions se posent ; d'une part, la manière de mesurer l'accompagnement à l'export reçu par l'entreprise et, d'autre part, la question de l'efficacité des Services d'Accompagnement à l'Export pour les Exportatrices Précoces. Pour répondre à la première question, une démarche de construction d'une échelle de mesure de l'accompagnement à l'export est mise en œuvre en s'appuyant sur le paradigme de Churchill (1979). Une étude exploratoire est menée auprès de treize acteurs de l'accompagnement à l'export et cinq entreprises accompagnées afin de faire émerger des items de mesure. Ensuite, 288 questionnaires d'entreprises accompagnées à l'export sont récoltés et utilisés pour tester les qualités psychométriques de l'échelle. Cette démarche aboutit à une échelle de mesure multidimensionnelle composée de neuf items et distinguant accompagnement informationnel, opérationnel et financier. Cet outil permet de mesurer plus précisément les Services d'Accompagnement à l'Export utilisés par l'entreprise. Pour répondre à la seconde question, la théorie des ressources est mobilisée afin d'identifier les ressources stratégiques des Exportatrices Précoces et l'influence que les différents types d'accompagnement à l'export peuvent avoir sur elles. Ces relations aboutissent à un modèle conceptuel testé par la méthode des équations structurelles à partir de 196 questionnaires d'entreprises accompagnées à l'export. Il en ressort que les Services d'Accompagnement à l'Export sont moins efficaces pour les Exportatrices Précoces, notamment en ce qui concerne l'accompagnement financier qui n'a aucune influence sur leur performance internationale. Les résultats soulignent ainsi la nécessité d'élaborer de nouveaux services pour accompagner efficacement les Exportatrices Précoces. Plusieurs propositions sont faites en ce sensThis thesis focuses on Export Support Services offered by the public and semi-public actors. Public authorities are questioning the effectiveness of these services. The literature reports conflicting results on this issue, especially because of the lack of a valid measure of export support which makes it difficult to compare results. This difficulty is exacerbated by the diversity of firms supported. Indeed, the services was thought to firm with internationalization by stages. Yet it appears that Early Exporters, the most common but also the most fragile type of International New Ventures, use the same services. Therefore, two questions arise; first, how to measure the export support received by the firm and, secondly, the question of the effectiveness of the Export Support Services for Early Exporters. To answer the first question, a process of construction of a scale measurement of Export Support based on the Churchill paradigm (1979) is implemented. An exploratory study was conducted with thirteen support export actors and five companies to make measurement items. Then 288 questionnaires of supported firms are harvested and used to test the psychometric properties of the scale. This approach results in a multidimensional measurement scale with nine items and distinguishing informational, operational and financial Export Support. This tool can measure more accurately Export Support Services used by the firm. To answer the second question, the theory of resources is mobilized to identify the strategic resources of Early Exporters and influence that different types of Export Support can have on them. These relationships lead to a conceptual model tested by the method of structural equation from 196 questionnaires of supported companies. It shows that the Export Support Services are less effective for Early Exporters, especially with regard to the financial support that has no influence on their international performance. The results thus highlight the need to develop new services to effectively support Early Exporters. Several proposals are made in this direction
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Ващенко, Світлана Михайлівна, Светлана Михайловна Ващенко, Svitlana Mykhailivna Vashchenko, Віталій Олександрович Іванов, Виталий Александрович Иванов, Vitalii Oleksandrovych Ivanov, Y. V. Bagriy, and O. O. Shishka. "Information expert support system for fixture design." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/39658.
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Fixture design plays quite an important role in the production of the high quality and competitive production items, especially in the multiproduct manufacturing. The latter requires expedient retooling in terms of other parts machining. The necessity of implementation of computer-aided technologies particularly computer-aided fixture design (CAFD) is connected with the considerable labor content of the technological design as well as some optimization tasks.
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Ezz, Inas E. "Management support systems integration." Thesis, Brunel University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365077.
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Mpuzu, Misery Sikelwa. "The impact of farmer support programmes on market access of small holder farmers in the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007140.
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Most smallholder farmers in South Africa are characterized by poor resources such as land, labour and capital while they play an important role in poverty alleviation especially in poor rural areas. Smallholder farmers are increasingly recognized because of their contribution to household food security. The world markets are increasingly being integrated due to globalization and liberalization. As a result, smallholder farmers are facing increasing market competition, not only in international markets but in local markets as well. However, smallholder farmers often face a number of barriers to accessing these markets arising in part from the tightening of food safety and quality standards requiring compliance with phytosanitary and sanitary standards and growing power of supply chain integration. Furthermore, the viability of these smallholder producers is constrained by institutional obstacles which include lack of access to information, high marketing and transaction costs and low quality and lack of critical volume in the absence of bulking up arrangements, etc. These barriers have contributed to the exclusion of smallholder/small-scale farmers from formal markets. In order to address these obstacles and speed up the pace of agrarian reform many support schemes (farmer support programmes) are now being designed to specifically address market access and value chain issues through unique co-innovation arrangements to improve the farmer’s access to profitable international chains. A number of farmer support programmes (FSP) have been implemented in South Africa to reduce the risk of a lack of capacity and a lack of economic and/or financial experience in smallholder farms. Intervention measures have been instituted to these smallholder farmers to assist them to move out of poverty through agricultural production. The aim of this study was to understand the roles played by farmer support programmes in addressing income and welfare levels and sustainability of smallholder farmers in South Africa. Eighty nine (89) farmers were interviewed for this study and almost half (49%) of them received support from various organizations while 51% of the sampled farmers did not receive any support. The study was designed to compare the two groups between the treated and control group to assess the impact of these programmes.Using a Tobit and Propensity Score Matching technique, potential diffusion effects were eliminated between farmers supported by Farmer Support Programmes and farmers that did not belong to support services. The latter was selected from comparable communities with no agricultural support services. Findings from the Tobit regression and propensity score matching are consistent across the two methods, suggesting that being a member of any agricultural support programme has a significant positive impact on income and welfare of smallholder farmers.Farmer Support Programmes and collective marketing activities such as the collection and sale of members’ products appear to have a significant and positive impact on smallholder welfare of those farmers engaged in them. In the second analysis the study tested the types of arrangements that farmers would adopt to market their produce. From the results it was established that those farmers who were supported by institutional arrangements or FSP had better access to markets than those farmers who operated as individuals. Marginal effects are used to show the degree to which farmers chose a particular marketing channel or institutional arrangement that these farmers take when trying to access better paying markets. Then the final analysis is on factors that determine the extent to which collective action contribute to farmers’ income and market access. A number of variables (age, distance to the market, region the farmers are located) were evaluated using the multinomial regression model. Empirical results suggest that among South African cooperatives, those established in KwaZulu-Natal and partly in the Eastern Cape and upon the voluntary initiative of farmers are more sustainable and have access to better paying markets both locally and internationally than the other areas. The results also show that NGO-supported cooperatives have a longer life span than Government controlled cooperatives.
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Beneš, Ladislav. "Srovnání systémů podpory podnikání v České republice a Rakousku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-5272.
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First chapter depicts the different business environments in Czech Republic and Austria. The following second chapter describes the both systems of business support and their most important features. Third chapter compares various aspects and finally there's a short evaluation in the conclusion. The final chapter also includes a list of possible measures, how can Czech Republic find an inspiration on the case of more developed Austrian system.
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Wilbur, Thomas George. "Expert database support of the integrated manufacturing system." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/21850.
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