Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Export sales contracts Bangladesh'
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Sewerin, Diana. "International product liability and uniform sales law." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ64305.pdf.
Full textBrinkhof, Johannes J. Grosheide Frederik Willem. "Contracteren internationaal : opstellen aangeboden door collegae, oud-collegae, medewerkers, oud-medewerkers, promoti en promovendi aan prof. mr. F. Willem Grosheide ter gelegenheid van zijn afscheid als leerstoelhouder in het burgerlijk recht /." Den Haag : Boom, 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/524515891.pdf.
Full textMahasneh, Nisreen. "The seller's obligation of delivery and conformity under a contract for sale of goods : the approaches of both English law and the Vienna Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods 1980." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=166212.
Full textBoghossian, Nayiri. "A comparative study of specific performance provisions in the United Nations Convention on contracts for the international sale of goods /." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30286.
Full textAs a result of the divergence of approaches and rules in these systems, several issues were debated during the negotiations, among others the remedy of specific performance.
This thesis examines the provisions regarding specific performance in the Convention in attempt to reveal the divergence of approaches between Common Law and Civil Law by means of a comparative study of the two systems.
The purpose is to assess the extent to which uniformity is achieved in the Convention. The study shows that the solution adopted regarding specific performance was a compromise that threatens uniformity to a certain degree.
Fenton, Denise E. "Dispute resolution in consumer goods manufacture-for-export in the People's Republic of China." access abstract and table of contents access full-text, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/dissert.pl?ma-slw-b22052458a.pdf.
Full textTitle from PDF t.p. (viewed on Sept. 7, 2007) "Master of Art in arbitration and dispute resolution LW6409 dissertation" Includes bibliographical references.
Brölsch, Martin W. "Schadensersatz und CISG /." Frankfurt ; New York : P. Lang, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014999914&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textSmith, Margaret. "Export earnings instability in Brazil, 1953-1983." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75668.
Full textOser, David. "The UNIDROIT principles of international commercial contracts : a governing law? /." Leiden : Nijhoff, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9789004167896.
Full textMarchand, Sylvain. "Les limites de l'uniformisation matérielle du droit de la vente internationale : mise en oeuvre de la Convention des Nations Unies du 11 avril 1980 sur la vente internationale de marchandises dans le contexte juridique suisse /." Bâle [u.a.] : Helbing & Lichtenhahn, 1994. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/278947883.pdf.
Full textPaulmann, Steffen. "Wirksamkeit von Haftungsausschlüssen und -begrenzungen im deutsch-französischen Warengeschäftsverkehr : unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der UNIDROIT-Principles und der Principles of European Contract Law /." Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/481281568.pdf.
Full textYazdani, Majid. "The place of international sale of goods under Iranian law theory and practice /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ59160.pdf.
Full textIrvine, John B. "Geographic price spreads in world wheat trade." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9852.
Full textCoetzee, Juana. "INCOTERMS as a form of standardisation in international sales law : an analysis of the interplay between mercantile custom and substantive sales law with specific reference to the passing of risk." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5222.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: International sales contracts have very specific needs that stem from the multiplicity of legal systems which apply to such contracts. In addition to harmonised law, mercantile custom is able to address many of these needs. Mercantile custom represents usages which are clear, certain and efficient and are expected to be known and applied by merchants in a particular trade or region. To this extent mercantile custom fulfils an automatic harmonisation function. However, where a custom does not enjoy uniform application across all branches of trade, the harmonisation function of mercantile custom is limited, as is the case with trade terms. Trade terms reflect mercantile customs and usages which developed over a long time in order to simplify the trade in goods that are transported from one place to the other. They regulate the delivery obligations of the seller and buyer as well as associated obligations such as the passing of risk. Trade terms negate the need for elaborate contract clauses and appear in abbreviated form in contracts of sale. Although they provide a uniform expression of mercantile custom in a particular location or trade, the understanding of trade terms tend to differ from country to country, region to region or from one branch of trade to the next. The ICC INCOTERMS is an effort to standardise trade term definitions at the hand of the most consistent mercantile customs and practices. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficiency of INCOTERMS as a form of standardisation in international sales law. For purposes of the investigation the focus is limited to the passing of risk. Although national laws usually have a default risk regime in place, merchants still prefer to regulate risk by means of trade terms. This study will investigate the legal position in the case of FOB, CIF and DDU terms. An analysis of the risk regimes of a few selected national systems will show that each has their own understanding of these trade terms. The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) does not refer to trade terms, but many commentators have concluded that the CISG risk rule is consistent with INCOTERMS. The study will discuss this in more detail. To determine the efficiency of INCOTERMS as a form of standardisation in international sales law, the study examines their characteristics, legal nature as well as their limited scope of regulation. Specific emphasis is placed on the interplay between the CISG and INCOTERMS and the possibility of some form of interaction and collaboration between the two instruments. It is concluded that collaboration between INCOTERMS and the CISG adds value to the international law of sales by increasing the efficiency of an international business transaction and thereby facilitating international trade.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Internasionale koopkontrakte het spesifieke behoeftes wat voortspruit uit die veelvoudigheid van regstelsels van toepassing op so ‘n kontrak. Baie van hierdie behoeftes kan aangespreek word deur geharmoniseerde regsreëls in samehang met handelsgewoontes en –gebruike. Handelsgewoontes verteenwoordig duidelike, seker en effektiewe gebruike. Daar word dus van handelaars wat in ‘n bepaalde bedryf of streek handel dryf, verwag om van hierdie gebruike kennis te neem en hulle toe te pas. In hierdie konteks vervul handelsgebruike ‘n outomatiese harmoniseringsfunksie. Waar ‘n gebruik nie eenvormig toegepas word oor alle bedrywe heen nie, is die harmoniseringsfunksie van handelsgebruike egter beperk. Handelsterme bied ‘n tipiese voorbeeld hiervan. Handelsterme verteenwoordig bepaalde handelsgewoontes en –gebruike wat oor ‘n geruime tyd ontwikkel het ten einde handel in goedere wat van een plek na die ander vervoer word, te vergemaklik. Hulle reguleer die leweringsverpligtinge van die verkoper en koper asook ander verpligtinge wat met lewering verband hou, soos byvoorbeeld die oorgang van risiko. Handelsterme doen weg met lang en omslagtige kontraksbedinge aangesien hulle in die vorm van afkortings in die kontrak figureer. Alhoewel handelsterme ‘n uniforme uitdrukking van gebruike in ‘n bepaalde gebied of bedryf verteenwoordig, is dit egter so dat die inhoud van handelsterme van land tot land, streek tot streek of van een tipe bedryf tot die ander verskil. INCOTERMS is ‘n poging om die inhoud van handelsterme te standaardiseer aan die hand van die mees eenvormige handelsgewoontes en –gebruike. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die effektiwiteit van INCOTERMS as ‘n vorm van standaardisering in die internasionale koopreg te ondersoek. Vir doeleindes van die ondersoek word die fokus beperk tot die oorgang van risiko. Al het nasionale regstelsels gewoonlik ‘n verstek risiko-reël in plek, verkies handelaars steeds om risiko by wyse van handelsterme te reguleer. Die studie ondersoek die regsposisie in die geval van FOB-, CIF-, en DDU-terme. ‘n Analise van risiko-regulering in ‘n aantal nasionale sisteme toon dat elk hul eie betekenis heg aan die inhoud van hierdie terme. Alhoewel die Weense Koopkonvensie geensins na handelsterme verwys nie, voer verskeie kommentatore aan dat die Konvensie se risiko-bestel verenigbaar is met dié van INCOTERMS en sal hierdie aspek gevolglik in meer besonderhede in die studie aangespreek word. Ten einde die effektiwiteit van INCOTERMS te bepaal, word daar ondersoek ingestel na hulle kenmerke, regsaard en beperkte aanwendingsgebied. Spesiale klem word gelê op die wisselwerking tussen die Weense Koopkonvensie en INCOTERMS asook die moontlikheid van interaksie en samewerking tussen die twee instrumente. Die gevolgtrekking is dat interaksie tussen die Koopkonvensie en INCOTERMS waarde toevoeg tot die internasionale koopreg deur die effektiwiteit van die internasionale besigheidstransaksie te verhoog en gevolglik internasionale handel te bevorder.
Harry Crossley Fund
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何亦樓. "國際貨物買賣中關於風險轉移的研究 =Study on the transfer of risks in the international good trade." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3951611.
Full textAboukdir, Anwar. "The timing of the passing of property and risk under the English Sale of Goods Act 1979, the CISG and the Libyan law : the interplay between the principle of party autonomy and the default rule." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/25353.
Full text陳科汝. "CISG中的風險轉移問題研究." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2537435.
Full textCavaller, Vergés Misericordia. "El valor jurídico de los Incoterms® en el contrato de compraventa internacional de mercancías: ley aplicable y competencia judicial internacional." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668111.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the legal nature of newly released Incoterms® concerning the conflict of applicable laws and of jurisdiction in the scope of contracts for sale of goods. Since the creation of Incoterms® by the International Chamber of Commerce in 1936, these rules have been regularly updated to keep pace with developments in international trade. The Incoterms® content reflects the essence of the International Chamber of Commerce’s spirit of self-regulation for businesses. Their goal is to ascertain and reflect the most common commercial practices, promote international trade, and encourage proactive best practices. Doing so, Incoterms addresses the needs of international trade acting as a source of the lex mercatoria. The Incoterms® rules play an important role in an economic context as well as in the legal framework. They are integrated in a legal context as part of an international sale of goods contract. They operate in conjunction with other formalized laws and applicable rules of laws to the international sales contract. This thesis addresses the regulatory framework in which the Incoterms® rules reside and analyzes the place of commercial terms in the traditional source of law. The legal nature of Incoterms® determines the role these rules play in the conflict of applicable laws and of jurisdiction. This thesis also analyzes the different ways Incoterms® rules can be incorporated into an international sales contract and their direct or indirect influence on the governing law. Since its first publication, the purpose of Incoterms© rules has been to provide a set of international guidelines for the interpretation of the most commonly used trade terms in foreign trade. Thus, the Incoterms© rules address problems arising out of the inconsistent interpretation of trade terms among international trading partners and thereby reduce the number of disputes. The initial Incoterms® spirit remains in force, but it is necessary to verify whether it translates into practical effects in the direct or indirect determination of international jurisdiction. Recently, the Court of Justice of the European Union concluded that Incoterms® can be the provisions of a contract on whose basis the place of delivery can be determined within the meaning of the first indent of article 7.1 b) of the Regulation 1215/2012. This fact reveals the special relevance of these rules as an interpretative reference of the material delivery place of the goods in the international sales contract. Incoterms® rules, as key elements of an international sales contract, significantly reduce misunderstandings among traders and thereby minimize trade disputes and litigation.
L’objectiu d’aquesta tesi és l’estudi de la naturalesa legal dels Incoterms®, recentment actualitzats, en l’àmbit del conflicte de lleis i de jurisdiccions en el marc del contracte de compravenda internacional de mercaderies. La Cambra de Comerç Internacional, com organització representant del món empresarial, s’ha ocupat, des de 1936, de recopilar i actualitzar els principals termes comercials de forma regular per adaptar-se als canvis en el comerç Internacional. Les característiques dels Incoterms® reflecteixen l’essència de l’entitat creadora que promou l’autoregulació en l’àmbit professional. La seva actuació no només es limita a recollir les pràctiques més consolidades en l’àmbit mercantil, sinó que també pretén ser proactiva i impulsar el comerç. D’aquesta manera s’acosta al fenomen de la denominada lex mercatoria, que busca la regulació adequada del comerç internacional. Els Incoterms® són rellevants tant en el context econòmic como en el jurídic. Són regles que es troben integrades en el marc legal como a part del contracte de compravenda internacional de mercaderies i interactuen amb tota la normativa aplicable a aquest contracte, tant d’origen formal como informal. La present tesi aborda l’àmbit normatiu en el que s’insereixen i analitza el lloc que ocupen aquests termes comercials en el sistema tradicional de fonts de l’ordenament jurídic. La naturalesa jurídica de las regles Incoterms® determina el rol que aquestes regles juguen en l’àmbit del conflicte de lleis i de jurisdiccions. Aquesta tesi analitza també les diferents vies mitjançant les quals els Incoterm® poden ser incorporats al contracte de compravenda de mercaderies, així com la seva possible incidència sobre la normativa aplicable, tant de forma directa como indirecta. Des de la seva primera publicació, la finalitat de les regles Incoterms®ha estat la de proporcionar unes pautes per a la interpretació dels principals termes comercials en el comerç internacional, a fi de prevenir i reduir possibles conflictes entre els operadors del comerç. L’esperit inicial dels Incoterms® segueix vigent, però és precís comprovar si es tradueix, a efectes pràctics, en la determinació de la competència judicial internacional, ja sigui de forma directa o indirecta. En els darrers anys, el Tribunal de Justícia de la Unió Europea ha conclòs, de forma pionera, que la delimitació del lloc d’entrega inclòs en els Incoterms® pot constituir un criteri vàlid a efectes de determinar el fòrum contractual establert en l’article 7.1 b) del Reglament 1215/2012. Aquest fet posa de manifest l’especial rellevància d’aquestes regles com a referent interpretatiu del lloc d’entrega material de las mercaderies en el contracte de compravenda internacional. Les regles Incoterms ® com a elements clau del contracte de compravenda, contribueixen a reduir els malentesos entre comerciants, minimitzant las controvèrsies entre les parts i els litigis.
"China export to Canada with special reference to the country of origin effect and the role of Hong Kong." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1989. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5885991.
Full textKhalil-Jalil, Roberto. "The determinants of Mexico's manufacturing exports (1950-1983)." 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/13697313.html.
Full textTypescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-108).
Kahindo, Nguru Aristide. "International sales contracts in Congolese law : a comparative analysis." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/14215.
Full textMercantile Law
LLD
Bouwers, Garth Jody. "The law applicable to an international contract of sale in the absence of a choice of law – a comparative study of Brazilian, Russian, Indian, Chinese and South African private international law." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10842.
Full textThe Original BRIC Organization comprising Brazil, Russia, India and China, was first conceived in 2001 as part of an economic modeling exercise to forecast global economic trends. Fast forward almost a decade into its existence and BRIC was up for a change. The BRIC foreign Ministers at a meeting held in New York in 2010, came to an agreement to invite South Africa to join the Organization. On the 14 April 2011, South Africa attended the first joint summit, evolving the former BRIC to what is known today as BRICS, the “S” referring to South Africa. This move is seen as a significant step, as its members‟ now come from four different continents and is sure to turn heads in the “old North”, what used to be the traditional Western dominance over the global economy. BRICS comprises some of the world‟s fastest growing and biggest economies, as illustrated by the statistics that emanated from the most recent summit held in Durban in March 2013. Senior Goldman Sachs economist Jim O‟ Neil, the person responsible for coining the „BRIC‟ acronym, predicted in 2001 that the combined economies of Brazil, Russia and China would overtake the United States and the G-7 countries. Since that bold statement in 2001, the words uttered by O‟Neil have become more than just a prediction. As Bidwai points out, BRICS account for over 40% of the world‟s population, 18% of its market- exchange GDP, 15% of world trade and two-fifths of its foreign currency reserves. It goes without saying that the BRICS group has many advantages and strengths that would stand it in good stead going forward. As previously stated, its members are among the fastest growing in the world, economically speaking, and were also least affected by the financial crisis that rocked many of the world‟s powerhouses. There has even been talk of a BRICS Development Bank, which was first tabled in 2012 at the Delhi summit. Although discussions are in its infancy, a proposed $100-billion currency-stabilization contingency reserve arrangement is to be negotiated...
"The Vienna Sales Convention and private international law." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13379.
Full textThe United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (the CISG or the Vienna Sales Convention) was adopted at a diplomatic conference of the United Nations held in Vienna during 1980. The Convention came into force on 1 January 1988. According to its preamble, the Convention is based on the premise that “the adoption of uniform rules which govern contracts for the international sale of goods and take into account the different social, economic and legal systems would contribute to the removal of legal barriers in international trade and promote the development of international trade”. The CISG has proven to be successful in its endeavour and currently has 74 member states representative of all legal traditions. As an international convention, the CISG has been lauded for its “simplicity, practicality and clarity”. Schlechtriem observed that the CISG has now gained worldwide acceptance. It has even been stated that the CISG has established a “world law on international sales” and that it has influenced several domestic sales laws. It is submitted that the CISG constitutes an important component of modern international commercial law or of the modern lex mercatoria. Therefore, a study that aims to establish a better understanding of the scope and functioning of the CISG and its relationship with domestic law, is of special relevance for the international business and legal community. The two basic methods of the unification of law, ie the unification of substantive law and the unification of private international law, have both been utilised in the field of the international sale of goods. The CISG is the most notable example of first mentioned method of unification.
Anjum, Ghulam Hussain. "Invoicing strategies of exporting firms an empirical investigation /." 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR38983.
Full textTypescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-133). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR38983
"Launching a trade publication: exploring a new market in Asia." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1989. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887618.
Full textViejobueno, Sonia Alejandra Maria. "The role and meaning of trade usages in the 1980 United Nations convention on contracts for the international sale of goods." Diss., 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17809.
Full textConstitutional International & Indigenous Law
LL.M.
Vambe, Beauty. "A comparative analysis of cancellation, discharge and avoidance as a remedy for breach of contract in South African law, English law and the Convention for International Sale of Goods (CISG)." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/21717.
Full textPrivate Law
LL. M.
Donfack, Narcisse Gaetan Zebaze. "The suitability of the CISG and OHADA for small and medium-sized enterprises engaging in international trade in west and central Africa." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/21020.
Full textPrivate Law
LL. M.
Van, der Merwe Leoni. "The impact of South Africa's non-ratification of the Convention on the International Sale of Goods ("CISG") on its trade as well as relations with other countries." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22989.
Full textMercantile Law
LL. M. (International Economic Law)