Relevant bibliographies by topics / Explosives materials

Academic literature on the topic 'Explosives materials'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Explosives materials"

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Xie, Xing Hua, Xiao Jie Li, Shi Long Yan, Meng Wang, Ming Xu, Zhi Gang Ma, Hui Liu, and Zi Ru Guo. "Low Temperature Explosion for Nanometer Active Materials." Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (November 2006): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.193.

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This paper describes a new method for prediction of the Chapman–Jouguet detonation parameters of CaHbNcOdLieMnf explosives for mixture of some of low temperature explosion explosives at 0 = 1000 kg/m3. Explosion temperatures of water-gel explosives and explosive formulations are predicted using thermochemistry information. The methodology assumes that the heat of detonation of an explosive compound of products composition H2O–CO2–CO–Li2O–MnO2–Mn2O3 can be approximated as the difference between the heats of formation of the detonation products and that of the explosive, divided by the formula weight of the explosive. For the calculations in which the first set of decomposition products is assumed, predicted temperatures of explosion of water-gel explosives with the product H2O in the gas phase have a deviation of 153.29 K from results with the product H2O in the liquid state. Lithium and manganese oxides have been prepared by the explosion of water-gel explosives of the metal nitrates, M (NO3) x (M = Li, Mn) as oxidizers and glycol as fuels, at relative low temperature. We have also used the Dulong-Petit’s values of the specific heat for liquid phase H2O. Lithium manganese oxide powders with chrysanthemum-like morphology secondary particles, but with smaller primary particles of diameters from 5 to 30 nm and a variety of morphologies were found. The oxides produced by this cheap method affirmed the validity of explosion synthesis of nano-size materials for lithium ion batteries.
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Fawcett, HowardH. "Explosives introduction to reactive and explosive materials." Journal of Hazardous Materials 31, no. 2 (July 1992): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3894(92)85035-y.

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Ding, Wen, Tao Guo, Chong Ji, and Rui Qi Shen. "Application of Distribution of Oxygen Coefficient in Explosive Neutron Detection." Advanced Materials Research 887-888 (February 2014): 1040–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.887-888.1040.

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Oxygen coefficients of 396 explosives, including liquid and solid explosives, 177 dangerous materials, including oxidants, combustible substances, chemical hazards and narcotics, and 9 common packing materials were collected and compared. It can be seem that the explosives can be distinguished from non-explosives by oxygen coefficient with boundary 0.3 to 1.2. This result can support a convincing proof for explosive neutron detection.
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Yuanyuan, Li, Niu Yulei, Li kun, and Nan Hai. "Experimental study on internal explosion of thermobaric explosives containing metastable intermolecular composite (MIC) materials." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2478, no. 3 (June 1, 2023): 032036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2478/3/032036.

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Abstract In order to study the influence of metastable intermolecular composite (MIC) materials on the internal implosion properties of thermobaric explosive, the calorimetric bomb and closed chamber were used to measure the detonation heat, quasi-static pressure and energy impulse of five explosive formulations containing different MIC materials. Compared with the traditional aluminized warm compressed explosives, the energy release characteristics and output characteristics were analyzed. The results show that the explosive formula containing MIC material has lower detonation heat value in air and vacuum than that containing traditional Al powder; The quasi-static pressure and energy impulse of the former are higher than those of the latter, indicating that MIC materials can improve the output energy of thermobaric explosives. The results can be used to guide the formulation design of thermobaric explosives.
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Yan, Shi Long, Xing Hua Xie, and Hui Sheng Zhou. "Deflagration of Emulsion Explosive." Advanced Materials Research 1082 (December 2014): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1082.18.

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Analog emulsion explosives production, observed its detonation. Deflagration and detonation of explosives determine how the phenomenon is long plagued with explosive materials in the field of military issues directly related to the safe and efficient use of explosives, by observing the special emulsion explosive blasting product, you can visually distinguish qualitatively blasting boundaries. Emulsion explosive detonation accompanied undecomposed completely yellow mist generated, and XRD test results showed the product to an amorphous structure, with detonation products feature a clear distinction.Then the factors of hot spots generated in the production of emulsion explosives and the occurred conditions of the heat accumulation are analyzed and summarized.
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Atmiasri and Gesang Fajar Rahmawan. "EXPLOSIVE DETECTOR DESIGN TO KNOW THE EXISTENCE OF EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS BY COMPARING THE LARGE VALUE OF MEDNET MAGNET USING ARDUINO IN JUANDA AIRPORT AREA." BEST : Journal of Applied Electrical, Science, & Technology 2, no. 1 (August 2, 2020): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/best.vol2.no1.2582.

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The design of this explosive detector is an alternative low-cost explosive detector device that can detect the presence of explosives by comparing the value of the magnetic field so that an object will be known to be an explosive or not. This tool can provide additional assistance in the Juanda airport area which still rarely uses conventional explosive detector equipment because the price is still expensive. This design uses a magnetometer sensor that can calculate the magnitude of the magnetic field in the explosives and will send analog inputs in the form of voltage values to the Arduino displayed with LCD media and sound from the buzzer so that the category of explosives can be detected.
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Horváth, Tibor, and István Ember. "Characteristics of Homemade Explosive Materials and the Possibilities of their Identification." Land Forces Academy Review 26, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/raft-2021-0015.

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Abstract One of the greatest challenges for explosive ordnance disposal operators is the disarming process of an improvised explosive device. These dangerous devices are often made from homemade explosive. Committing a bomb attack in urban areas is a basic weapon of terrorists, which may claim civilians’ lives. The main aim of experts is to avoid any lethal attack and to stop terrorists who endanger our life. Identifying homemade explosives may also help during the fight against terrorism since information may be provided this way, which is essential for professionals who work in the areas of operations. Usage of high-tech equipment provides stable and reliable background in the field of explosives’ analysis.
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Xie, Xing Hua, Chun Yang Dai, and Hui Sheng Zhou. ""321" Incident Iron Ions Characteristics and Catalytic Mechanism of Thinking." Advanced Materials Research 1082 (December 2014): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1082.395.

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Compatibilityand safety systems research and production equipment itself explosives mixedvehicle technology between the establishment and development of the explosionmechanism of explosive accidents and prevent the occurrence of accidentalexplosion of explosives to achieve disaster prevention and reduction, to ensurethe safety of personnel and minimize property damage. Research explosives mixedvehicle production equipment commonly used in metal and alloys in aqueousammonium nitrate system compatibility, especially at higher temperatures and avariety of elements, such as the case of explosives from the synergies toaccelerate the reaction conditions, choose good compatibility the materials toimprove the production of mixed explosive nature of car safety, to solve theproduction of explosives explosion problem.
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MYSLIBORSKYI, V. V., A. L. GANZYUK, and V. A. NETYAGA. "MEASURES OF FIRE AND EXPLOSION SAFETY OF EXPLOSIVES AND TECHNICAL MEANS DURING CARRIAGE OF FORENSIC EXPLOSION TECHNICAL EXAMINATIONS." Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, no. 6 (February 20, 2022): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.281221.54.814.

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Problem statement. Forensic explosive examination - a type of forensic examination, the subject of which is the actual data (circumstances), which are related to determining the group affiliation and a single source of explosive devices as a whole or their fragments (fragments), elements of explosive devices, explosion circumstances are established on the basis of special knowledge in the field of forensic explosives on issues raised for examination. The article is aimed at determining the main factors and causes of fires and explosions during storage, detonation of explosives, as well as provide recommendations for the use of technical means for forensic explosives. The purpose of research. To analyze the main factors and causes of fire and explosion hazard during storage, detonation of explosives, provide recommendations for the use of technical means for judicial explosives, as well as recommendations for storage of explosives. In the course of fire technical examinations and research, the following issues are resolved: where was the source of the fire; the ways in which the flames spread; what is the cause of the fire; whether the Rules of fire safety at the site were violated; whether there is a causal link between the fire and the fire condition of the facility. Conclusions. In the course of explosive examinations and research, the following issues are resolved: what is the subject submitted for research; whether the object submitted for examination is equipped with an explosive; whether the object submitted for research belongs to the category of explosive devices (ammunition); Is the explosive device detonated in this place? If so, what type of device does it belong to (what are its design features, country of manufacture, etc.); whether the objects found at the scene (in the body of the victim) are parts of an explosive device; in what way, improvised or industrial, the explosive device is made; what was the way of undermining, was used in this case; if ammunition is detonated, what type they belong to (grenades, mines, shells, etc.); whether this device can cause an explosion; whether the materials provided to the expert contain data indicating the personality traits of the manufacturer of the explosive device (professional skills, degree of knowledge of the technology of manufacture and use of explosive devices, etc.); or the same design of an improvised explosive device, parts of which were found at the scene, and a model made by a citizen. The analysis of the main factors and causes of danger during storage and detonation of explosives is carried out. Innovative developments of technical means for forensic explosive and fire technical examinations are presented, which have important practical, economic and social significance and significantly reduce the risk factors for injuries or deaths of personnel. Recommendations for the design of explosives storage facilities are provided.
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Lefferts, Merel J., and Martin R. Castell. "Vapour sensing of explosive materials." Analytical Methods 7, no. 21 (2015): 9005–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ay02262b.

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The ability to accurately and reliably detect the presence of explosives is critical in many civilian and military environments, and this is often achieved through the sensing of the vapour emitted by the explosive material. This review summarises established and recently developed detection techniques.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Explosives materials"

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Dean, Rachel. "Forensic applications of fragmentation of materials by explosives." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422190.

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Gupta, Sakshi. "Investigation on the enhancement of raman signal and fluorescent organic materials for explosives detection." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2016. http://localhost:8080/iit/handle/2074/7022.

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Frota, Octávia. "Development of a low cost cook-off test for assessing the hazard of explosives." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2015. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9323.

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A low cost Cook-Off experimental facility has been established to provide a convenient method of ranking explosives in their response to Cook-Off by the time to event under two widely different heating rates and at two different scales. This thesis describes the literature review undertaken as preparation for the purposed study and all the experimental work developed comprising the design of the trials vehicles, the demonstration of their suitability for Fast and Slow Cook-Off trials with confined explosive systems, the preparation of the samples and test vehicles to be trialled as well as the set-up of adequate facilities to undertake the scheduled firing programme. Results are reported for Cook-Off tests on TNT, RDX, and their mixtures. The emphasis of the study is on time to event, and temperature at event, and in addition a qualitative assessment of the violence of the event was made by examination of the fragments of the vehicles, although it is accepted that the relatively light and low cost design of the vehicle may lead to variable confinement in the early stages of the explosive event, and hence to a wider spread of responses than would be obtained from a more heavily confined and more costly vehicle. The test vehicles give results, which differentiate between the various explosives and explosive mixtures trialled and between the scales. More experiments are required to establish the reproducibility of the measurements. The design of the equipment makes this a relatively inexpensive undertaking. The experiment was modelled using published kinetic data, but the calculated time to event differed from that observed to different extents at the two scales. It is hypothesised that the mechanism may change over the prolonged heat soaks and that quantitative scaling is not possible with the available information. Further work is also suggested using a different type of Cook-Off test vehicle, which will in our opinion reduce even further the cost of Cook-Off testing, due to reduction in man-hours of preparation involved and manufacture cost of the Cook-Off test vehicles, and consequently of ranking of explosives.
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Reding, Derek James. "Shock induced chemical reactions in energetic structural materials." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28174.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Hanagud, Sathya; Committee Member: Kardomateas, George; Committee Member: McDowell, David; Committee Member: Ruzzene, Massimo; Committee Member: Thadhani, Naresh.
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Thomas, Samuel William III. "Molecules and materials for the optical detection of explosives and toxic chemicals." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36260.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2006.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references.
Optical chemosensing, especially using amplifying fluorescent polymers, can allow for the highly sensitive and selective vapor-phase detection of both explosives and highly toxic chemicals, including chemical warfare agents. There are varieties of analyte targets, however, that remain challenging for detection by these methods. Research towards improving this technology has obvious implications for homeland security and soldier survivability. This dissertation details the development of new molecules, materials, and transduction schemes aimed at improving both the versatility and sensitivity of optical chemical detection. Chapter One provides an introduction to the field of fluorescent polymer sensors, principally focusing on their utility in the detection of nitroaromatic explosives. Brief descriptions of other analytical methods used for explosives detection are also included. Chapter Two describes the synthesis and optical properties of a new class of conjugated polymers that contain alkyl-amino groups directly bound to the arene rings of poly(phenylene ethynylene)s and poly(fluorene)s. These materials displayed red-shifted absorption and emission spectra, large Stokes Shifts, as well as long excited state lifetimes.
(cont.) Also described is the use of films of these readily oxidized polymers in the vapor-phase detection of hydrazine down to a concentration of 100 parts-per-billion. This new scheme for the detection of hydrazine vapor relies on the analyte's reduction of oxidized traps ("unquenching") within the polymer film to give a fluorescence "turn-on" signal. Chapter Three begins with an introduction to the various classes of explosive molecules, as well as to the concept of "tagging" plastic explosives with higher vapor pressure dopants in order to make them easier to detect. This is followed by a description of how the taggant DMNB was successfully detected using high band-gap poly(fluorene)s. The higher energy conduction bands of these materials allowed for exergonic electron transfer to DMNB and fluorescence quenching in both the solution and solid states. Phosphorescence is the theme of Chapter Four, in which two research projects based on highly phosphorescent cyclometalated Pt(II) complexes are summarized. This includes the synthesis and optical characterization of a phosphorescent poly(fluorene), one of the repeat units of which is a Pt(ppy)(acac)-type complex. Comparisons of its intrinsic photophysical properties and oxygen-induced quenching behavior to model compounds are also summarized.
(cont.) Chapter Four also details investigations into using oxidative addition reactions of new bis-cyclometalated Pt(II) complexes for the dark-field turn-on chemical detection of cyanogen halides. Incorporating substituents on the ligands that force steric crowding in the square plane accelerated the addition of cyanogen bromide to these complexes, which also correlated with the room-temperature phosphorescence efficiency of these complexes. Exposure of polymer films doped with these complexes gave a dark-field turn on signal to the blue of the reactant that corresponded to the phosphorescence of the Pt(IV) oxidative addition product. Finally, Chapter Five focuses on iptycenes, a very useful structural moiety in the field of optical chemosensing. The development of an improved synthetic procedure for the preparation of the iptycene group is described. This procedure has been showed to be effective in the preparation of a series of new iptycene-containing molecules, including a poly(iptycene). To conclude, the unique counter-aspect ratio alignment behavior of a poly(iptycene) in a stretch-aligned polymer film is summarized. This is rationalized by a "threading" model, in which the chains of the poly(vinyl chloride) matrix occupy the internal-free-volume defined by the poly(iptycene).
by Samuel William Thomas, III.
Ph.D.
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Collins, Adam Leigh. "Environmentally responsible energetic materials for use in training ammunition." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610529.

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Wang, Guangyu. "An MD-SPH Coupled Method for the Simulation of Reactive Energetic Materials." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1491559185266293.

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Aronson, Joshua Boyer. "The Synthesis and Characterization of Energetic Materials From Sodium Azide." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7597.

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A tetrazole is a 5-membered ring containing 4 nitrogens and 1 carbon. Due to its energetic potential and structural similarity to carboxylic acids, this ring system has a wide number of applications. In this thesis, a new and safe sustainable process to produce tetrazoles was designed that acheived high yields under mild conditions. Also, a technique was developed to form a trityl-protected tetrazole in situ. The rest of this work involved the exploitation of the energetic potential of tetrazoles. This moiety was successfully applied in polymers, ionic liquids, foams, and gels. The overall results from these experiments illustrate the fact that tetrazoles have the potential to serve as a stable alternative to the troublesome azido group common in many energetic materials. Due to these applications, the tetrazole moiety is a very important entity.
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Salinas, Soler Yolanda. "Functional hybrid materials for the optical recognition of nitroaromatic explosives involving supramolecular interactions." Doctoral thesis, Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/31663.

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La presente tesis doctoral titulada ¿Materiales funcionales híbridos para el reconocimiento óptico de explosivos nitroaromáticos mediante interacciones supramoleculares¿ se basa en la combinación de principios de Química Supramolecular y de Ciencia de los Materiales para el diseño y desarrollo de nuevos materiales híbridos orgánico-inorgánicos funcionales capaces de detectar explosivos nitroaromáticos en disolución. En primer lugar se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica exhaustiva de todos los sensores ópticos (cromogénicos y fluorogénicos) descritos en la bibliografía y que abarca el periodo desde 1947 hasta 2011. Los resultados de la búsqueda están reflejados en el capítulo 2 de esta tesis. El primer material híbrido preparado está basado en la aplicación de la aproximación de los canales iónicos y, para ello, emplea nanopartículas de sílice funcionalizadas con unidades reactivas y unidades coordinantes (ver capítulo 3). Este soporte inorgánico se funcionaliza con tioles (unidad reactiva) y una poliamina lineal (unidad coordinante) y se estudia el transporte de una escuaridina (colorante) a la superficie de la nanopartícula en presencia de diferentes explosivos. En ausencia de explosivos, la escuaridina (color azul y fluorescencia intensa) es capaz de reaccionar con los tioles anclados en la superficie decolorando la disolución. En presencia de explosivos nitroaromáticos se produce una inhibición de la reacción escuaridinatiol y la suspensión permanece azul. Esta inhibición es debida a la formación de complejos de transferencia de carga entre las poliaminas y los explosivos nitroaromáticos. En la segunda parte de esta tesis doctoral se han preparado materiales híbridos con cavidades biomiméticas basados en el empleo de MCM-41 como soporte inorgánico mesoporoso (ver capítulo 4). Para ello se ha procedido al anclaje de tres fluoróforos (pireno, dansilo y fluoresceína) en el interior de los poros del soporte inorgánico y, posteriormente, se ha hidrofobado el interior de material mediante la reacción de los silanoles superficiales con 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexametildisilazano. Mediante este procedimiento se consiguen cavidades hidrófobas que tienen en su interior los fluoróforos. Estos materiales son fluorescentes cuando se suspenden en acetonitrilo mientras que cuando se añaden explosivos nitroaromáticos a estas suspensiones se observa una desactivación de la emisión muy marcada. Esta desactivación de la emisión es debida a la inclusión de los explosivos nitroaromáticos en la cavidad biomimética y a la interacción de estas moléculas (mediante interacciones de ¿- stacking) con el fluoróforo. Una característica importante de estos materiales híbridos sensores es que pueden ser reutilizados después de la extracción del explosivo de las cavidades hidrofóbicas. En la última parte de esta tesis doctoral se han desarrollado materiales híbridos orgánicoinorgánicos funcionalizados con ¿puertas moleculares¿ que han sido empleados también para detectar explosivos nitroaromáticos (ver capítulo 5). Para la preparación de estos materiales también se ha empleado MCM-41 como soporte inorgánico. En primer lugar, los poros del soporte inorgánico se cargan con un colorante/fluoróforo seleccionado. En una segunda etapa, la superficie externa del material cargado se ha funcionalizado con ciertas moléculas con carácter electrón dador (pireno y ciertos derivados del tetratiafulvaleno). Estas moléculas ricas en electrones forman una monocapa muy densa (debida a las interacciones dipolo-dipolo entre estas especies) alrededor de los poros que inhibe la liberación del colorante. En presencia de explosivos nitroaromáticos se produce la ruptura de la monocapa, debido a interacciones de ¿-stacking con las moléculas ricas en electrones, con la consecuencia de una liberación del colorante atrapado en el interior de los poros observándose una respuesta cromo-fluorogénica
Salinas Soler, Y. (2013). Functional hybrid materials for the optical recognition of nitroaromatic explosives involving supramolecular interactions [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/31663
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Conroy, Michael W. "Density Functional Theory Studies of Energetic Materials." Scholar Commons, 2009. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3691.

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First-principles calculations employing density functional theory (DFT) were performed on the energetic materials PETN, HMX, RDX, nitromethane, and a recently discovered material, nitrate ester 1 (NEST-1). The aims of the study were to accurately predict the isothermal equation of state for each material, improve the description of these molecular crystals in DFT by introducing a correction for dispersion interactions, and perform uniaxial compressions to investigate physical properties that might contribute to anisotropic sensitivity. For each system, hydrostatic-compression simulations were performed. Important properties calculated from the simulations such as the equilibrium structure, isothermal equation of state, and bulk moduli were compared with available experimental data to assess the agreement of the calculation method. The largest contribution to the error was believed to be caused by a poor description of van der Waals (vdW) interactions within the DFT formalism. An empirical van der Waals correction to DFT was added to VASP to increase agreement with experiment. The average agreement of the calculated unit-cell volumes for six energetic crystals improved from approximately 9% to 2%, and the isothermal EOS showed improvement for PETN, HMX, RDX, and nitromethane. A comparison was made between DFT results with and without the vdW correction to identify possible advantages and limitations.  Uniaxial compressions perpendicular to seven low-index crystallographic planes were performed on PETN, HMX, RDX, nitromethane, and NEST-1. The principal stresses, shear stresses, and band gaps for each direction were compared with available experimental information on shock-induced sensitivity to determine possible correlations between physical properties and sensitivity. The results for PETN, the only system for which the anisotropic sensitivity has been thoroughly investigated by experiment, indicated a possible correlation between maximum shear stress and sensitivity. The uniaxial compressions that corresponded to the greatest maximum shear stresses in HMX, RDX, solid nitromethane, and NEST-1 were identified and predicted as directions with possibly greater sensitivity. Experimental data is anticipated for comparison with the predictions.
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Books on the topic "Explosives materials"

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Lecker, Seymour. Shock sensitive industrial materials. Boulder, Colo: Paladin Press, 1988.

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Klapötke, Thomas M. Chemistry of high-energy materials. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2010.

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Klapötke, Thomas M. Chemistry of high-energy materials. 3rd ed. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co., KG, 2015.

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Koch, Ernst-Christian. Metal-fluorocarbon based energetic materials. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2012.

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M, Klapötke Thomas, ed. High energy density materials. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2007.

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Ermolaev, Boris. Convective burning and low-velocity detonation in porous media. Lancaster, Pennsylvania: DEStech Publications, Inc., 2019.

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Agrawal, Jai P. High energy materials: Propellants, explosives and pyrotechnics. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2010.

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National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Marking, Rendering Inert, and Licensing of Explosive Materials., ed. Marking, rendering inert, and licensing of explosive materials: Interim report. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1997.

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1927-, Olah George A., and Squire David R, eds. Chemistry of energetic materials. San Diego: Academic Press, 1991.

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Stratta, James. Alternatives to open burning/open detonation of energetic materials: A summary of current technologies. [Champaign, IL]: US Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratories, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Explosives materials"

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Liu, Jiping. "Explosion Features of Liquid Explosive Materials." In Liquid Explosives, 17–104. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45847-1_2.

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Oyler, Karl D. "Green Primary Explosives." In Green Energetic Materials, 103–32. Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118676448.ch05.

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Cardarelli, François. "Fuels, Propellants, and Explosives." In Materials Handbook, 1465–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38925-7_17.

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Lieb, Noah, Neha Mehta, Karl Oyler, and Kimberly Spangler. "Sustainable High Explosives Development." In Energetic Materials, 95–113. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315166865-8.

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Fox, Malcolm A. "Initiating Explosives." In Glossary for the Worldwide Transportation of Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Materials, 119–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11890-0_39.

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Martz, H. E., D. J. Schneberk, G. P. Roberson, S. G. Azevedo, and S. K. Lynch. "Computerized Tomography of High Explosives." In Nondestructive Characterization of Materials IV, 187–95. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0670-0_23.

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Jackson, Scott I. "Deflagration Phenomena in Energetic Materials: An Overview." In Non-Shock Initiation of Explosives, 245–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87953-4_5.

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Fox, Malcolm A. "Explosives and Class 1." In Glossary for the Worldwide Transportation of Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Materials, 74–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11890-0_28.

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Hummel, Rolf E., Anna M. Fuller, Claus Schöllhorn, and Paul H. Holloway. "Remote Sensing of Explosive Materials Using Differential Reflection Spectroscopy." In Trace Chemical Sensing of Explosives, 303–10. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470085202.ch15.

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Li, Dongdong, and Jihong Yu. "AIEgens-Functionalized Porous Materials for Explosives Detection." In ACS Symposium Series, 129–50. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2016-1227.ch005.

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Conference papers on the topic "Explosives materials"

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Brown, W. T., M. F. Schmidt, and P. T. Dzwilewski. "Electromagnetic Radiation From the Detonation of Metal Encased Explosives." In ASME 2011 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2011-5204.

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Electromagnetic radiation accompanying the detonation of chemical explosives was first reported in 1954. Such emissions result from detonations of both bare and cased explosives. However, the dominant wavelengths of emissions from these two types of explosions generally differ by as much as three or four orders of magnitude. We present results of far-field and near-field experimental measurements of electric fields emitted by metal encased explosives, and show that metal fracture is the dominant mechanism leading to these emissions. Additionally, we present results of computational analysis of explosive fracture of steel cylinders performed to investigate the correlation between the time-dependent fragment size distribution and the pattern of electromagnetic emissions.
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Kennedy, James E. "Innovation and Miniaturization in Applications of Explosives." In ASME 2011 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2011-5161.

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Explosives represent a readily transported, single-use energy source that can drive materials at a very high local power density. Effects of generated forces may be contained or may act upon a target at a distance. Specific energy release from detonating explosives is, to first order, independent of the size or the confinement of a charge. This enables engineering analysis for design or effects estimation over orders of magnitude in scale. Thus miniaturization of devices or applications is possible down to a scale that corresponds to the minimum charge size that is capable of supporting detonation, and this scale can be smaller than 1 mm. This talk is directed toward those without prior training in or exposure to explosives, to open communication between developers of smart systems and practitioners of explosives. The explosives field is highly interdisciplinary, as is the field of smart systems. The talk describes basic processes of detonation operation and coupling to surroundings, and addresses limitations to the use of explosives for applications. Perhaps the major engineering challenges in miniaturized applications of explosives are emplacement of the explosive in the desired form at the desired location in an assembly, and provision for introduction of external power to bring about initiation of detonation at the desired location or locus within an explosive charge. Initiation sources may be electrical, mechanical or laser-based. Explosive component families that are commercially available and that are innovative and still under development are described.
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Xie, Xinghua, Jing Zhu, Huisheng Zhou, and Shilong Yan. "Nanometer functional materials from explosives." In Second International Conference on Smart Materials and Nanotechnology in Engineering, edited by Jinsong Leng, Anand K. Asundi, and Wolfgang Ecke. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.835722.

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Chou, Pei Chi, and William J. Flis. "A Composite-Sheathed Compression Test for Characterizing Pressure-Hardening Materials." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-1189.

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Abstract Knowledge of the constitutive behavior of explosives is necessary for the development of exploding devices that are safe to handle and transport and that are effective in use. The plastic deformation of most explosives is strongly affected by pressure and by strain rate. Pressure-hardening effects may be determined directly by a uniaxial-compression test performed in a special hydraulic apparatus that applies a lateral pressure to the specimen. However, the apparatus is expensive and testing explosives presents some risk to it. Previously, to investigate both pressure- and rate-hardening effects, we developed a modified Taylor cylinder-impact test in which the explosive specimen is encased in a confining sheath (or sleeve) of a well-characterized material, typically a ductile metal such as copper. The sheath, which is stiffer than the explosive, serves to confine the specimen to provide increased pressure and also maintains its integrity. Computations using a large-deformation dynamic plasticity code (hydrocode) are then fitted to the test results (the shape of the deformed specimen) to provide an estimate of the constitutive parameters. To refine our results, we are currently developing a similar quasi-static compression test that uses a confining sheath to develop the pressure in the specimen. In our cylinder-impact tests, the copper sheath was able to generate pressures up to about 0.5 GPa. In quasi-static compression tests, however, a copper sheath fails at much lower pressures. To provide the higher pressures required, we are using instead a sheath of graphite- or glass-fiber composite material. The fibers are aligned in the circumferential direction to provide a very large hoop strength, with little axial stiffness. The axial load is thus carried mainly by the explosive specimen. To design the sleeve and for post-test fitting of results, we have modified a finite-element hydrocode to include an anisotropic (orthotropic) elastic-plastic constitutive formulation to model the composite. Compressibility behavior is modeled using an established fit to Murnaghan_s pressure-volume relation. To describe the yield surface, both the simple Drucker-Prager criterion and a non-linear relation will be tried. This test will be used to characterize first mock explosives, then, once validated, actual explosives. Advantages of the new test include economy and low risk of damage to test equipment.
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Papantonakis, Michael R., Viet Nguyen, Robert Furstenberg, Andrew Kusterbeck, and R. A. McGill. "Predicting the persistence of explosives materials." In Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing XX, edited by Jason A. Guicheteau and Chris R. Howle. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2518974.

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Prakash, Naveen, and Gary D. Seidel. "Coupled Electromechanical Peristatic Simulation of Deformation and Damage Sensing in Granular Materials." In ASME 2016 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2016-9235.

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Energetic materials or explosives are a class of granular composite materials consisting of explosive grains dispersed in a polymer matrix. An accidental low velocity impact during transportation may cause damage in the material, which may lead to weakening and possibly ignition of the material. Traditional SHM methods such external sensors or imaging techniques may not reveal changes in the internal microstructure of the material. It is proposed that dispersing carbon nanotubes in the polymer phase of the explosive material will introduce piezoresistivity by which the health of the material can be monitored in real time. In this work, a coupled electromechanical computational framework is developed to investigate nanocomposites and applied to model deformation and damage sensing in nanocomposite bonded explosive materials.
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Papantonakis, Michael R., Viet Nguyen, Robert Furstenberg, and R. Andrew McGill. "Modeling the sublimation behavior of explosives materials." In Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing XXIII, edited by Jason A. Guicheteau and Chris R. Howle. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2618866.

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Talamadupula, Krishna K., Adarsh K. Chaurasia, and Gary D. Seidel. "2-Scale Hierarchical Multiscale Modeling of Piezoresistive Response in Polymer Nanocomposite Bonded Explosives." In ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-9111.

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The current work aims to explore the effective piezoresistive response of polymer bonded explosive (PBX) materials where the polymer medium is reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The effective piezoresistive response of these nanocomposite bound polymer explosives (NCBX) is evaluated using micromechanics based 2-scale hierarchical model connecting the CNT-polymer nanocomposite scale (nanoscale) to the explosive grain structure scale (microscale). The binding nanocomposite medium is modeled as electromechanical cohesive zones between adjacent explosive grains which are representative of effective electromechanical response of CNT-polymer nanocomposites. The hierarchical framework developed here is used to explore key features of the NCBX microstructure, e.g. ratio of grain to nanocomposite stiffness, ratio of grain to nanocomposite conductivities etc., and related to the NCBX effective piezoresistive response. The results obtained from the current work show dependence of effective NCBX piezoresistive properties on each of these microstructural features with and without interfacial damage between the explosive grains.
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DYLONG, A. "Impact of TNT Storage Time on Its Physicochemical and Explosives Properties." In Terotechnology XII. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902059-21.

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Abstract. The Polish Armed Forces have very sizable stocks of explosive ordnance, of which some have exceeded the allowable service life. From the point of view of ageing and acceptable ways of disposal, some high explosives cannot be used if they have been stored for years. That is why studies are performed on the safety of utilizing such kinds of explosive ordnance. During the storage period, high explosives' physical and chemical parameters deteriorate. For example, the sensitivity of such materials increases, resulting in them becoming dangerous. Therefore, diagnostic tests to determine the quality of high explosives for further use (extending the exploitation period or referral for disposal) are conducted. The main goal of this work was to compare how the effect of the ageing process impacts the physical and chemical properties of high explosives and those containing 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in particular. Many factors effectuate the quality of the stored high explosives, e.g. acidity, melting point, decomposition temperature, friction- and impact sensitivity. The authors investigated high explosives from selected mines produced in different periods and compared these results with those obtained from testing mines of previous years.
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Ribeiro, J. B., R. L. Mendes, A. R. Farinha, I. Ye Plaksin, J. A. Campos, J. C. Góis, Mark Elert, et al. "HIGH-ENERGY-RATE PROCESSING OF MATERIALS USING EXPLOSIVES." In SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER 2009: Proceedings of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3295006.

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Reports on the topic "Explosives materials"

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Meade, Roger Allen. Materials versus Explosives: A Laboratory Divided. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1457287.

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Petrie, Mark A., Gary Koolpe, Ripudaman Malhotra, and Paul Penwell. Performance-Enhancing Materials for Future Generation Explosives and Propellants. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada561743.

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Chapman, Robert D., Richard A. Hollins, Thomas J. Groshens, Don Thompson, Thomas J. Schilling, Daniel Wooldridge, Phillip N. Cash, Tamara S. Jones, and Guck T. Ooi. N,N-Dihaloamine Explosives as Harmful Agent Defeat Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada602478.

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Burgess, C. E., J. D. Woodyard, K. A. Rainwater, J. M. Lightfoot, and B. R. Richardson. Literature review of the lifetime of DOE materials: Aging of plastic bonded explosives and the explosives and polymers contained therein. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/290850.

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Goheen, Steven C., James A. Campbell, Ying Shi, and Steve Aust. Enzymes for Degradation of Energetic Materials and Demilitarization of Explosives Stockpiles: SERDP Final Report 9/00. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15001065.

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SC Goheen, JA Campbell, Y Shi, and S Aust. Enzymes for Degradation of Energetic Materials and Demilitarization of Explosives Stockpiles SERDP Final Report, 9/00. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/767002.

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Shah, M. M. Enzymes for Degradation of Energetic Materials and Demilitarization of Explosives Stockpiles - SERDP Annual (Interim) Report, 12/98. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2881.

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Leduc, D. Design Guide for Packaging and Offsite Transportation of Nuclear Components, Special Assemblies, and Radioactive Materials Associated with Nuclear Explosives and Weapons Safety Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1183729.

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CASE JR., ROGER S. Aktau Plastics Plant Explosives Material Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15219.

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Bardenhagen, S. G., E. N. Harstad, P. J. Maudlin, G. T. Gray, and J. C. Jr Foster. Viscoelastic models for explosive binder materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/627369.

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