Relevant bibliographies by topics / Explosion parameters

Academic literature on the topic 'Explosion parameters'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Explosion parameters"

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Kostenko, Viktor, Olena Zavialova, Yuliia Novikova, Оlha Bohomaz, Yaroslav Krupka, and Tetiana Kostenko. "SUBSTANTIATING THE PARAMETERS OF QUICKLY ERECTED EXPLOSION-PROOF STOPPING." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 37, no. 4 (2022): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2022.4.12.

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The objective of this paper is to substantiate the method of construction and design parameters of explosion-proof stoppings for the quick and safe remote sealing-off of the sources of complex fires and explosions in coal mines. A new method was designed for the remote erection of explosion-proof stoppings in mine workings and a mathematical model of mass transfer through the body of a stopping made of discrete material. Tactics were improved for the containment of underground fires and explosions due to rapid remote erection of explosion-proof stoppings. The technology of the quick erection of stoppings made of rocks crushed by an explosion for sealing-off of the emergency sections of the mine has been proposed. A computational model and a method for calculating the parameters of explosion-proof stoppings erected by the method of directed explosion have been created. The results of the calculations open the possibility to prepare the means of containment of dust explosions in advance and to improve the tactics of safe containment of explosions and fires.
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Chu, Z. X., J. Q. Li, Xiao Lei, Y. D. Gan, Y. L. Zhang, and H. Z. Liang. "Numerical Simulations of Plasmas Generated by Air Explosion." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2478, no. 7 (June 1, 2023): 072052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2478/7/072052.

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Abstract The explosion process of explosives is very complex, often accompanied by phenomena such as luminescence, heat, and electromagnetic radiation. Many studies have shown that the electromagnetic radiation of explosive explosions is related to plasma generated by explosion. In this paper, through the thermal equilibrium ionization model, the plasma model of explosive explosion is established, the calculation formula of plasma state parameters is obtained, and the plasma dynamics program is written. The numerical simulation analysis of the air explosion conditions is carried out by using the plasma dynamics program, and the relationship between the electron density and conductivity of the air explosion plasma and the mass of explosive and distance are summarized.
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Filice, Anselmo, Miroslav Mynarz, and Raffaele Zinno. "Experimental and Empirical Study for Prediction of Blast Loads." Applied Sciences 12, no. 5 (March 4, 2022): 2691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12052691.

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This paper presents the issue of determining the blast load on an engineering structure. In cases of industrial accidents or terrorist attacks, in many cases it is necessary to determine the necessary explosion parameters to determine the response of the structure, preferably in a simple and time-saving manner. In such a way, the empirical relationships can be used to estimate the selected parameters of the explosion load. Many empirical relationships have been derived in the past, but not all are suitable for different types of explosions. This article compares and validates experimentally determined selected explosion parameters for the chosen explosive with empirical relationships. For comparison, three already verified and frequently used calculation procedures (Kingery, Kinney, Henrych) and one newly derived procedure (PECH) were used. As part of the experimental measurements, blast wave explosion parameters for small charges were determined for near-field explosions. The general-purpose plastic explosive Semtex 10-SE was used for the experiments. The results of the comparative study presented in this article demonstrate the importance of taking these procedures into account for a reliable determination of the effects of blast actions on buildings.
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Chen, D., L. J. Zhang, Y. Z. Lv, B. H. Li, and H. P. Gu. "Sensitivity Study on Typical Parameters of Underwater Explosion Numerical Simulation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2478, no. 12 (June 1, 2023): 122031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2478/12/122031.

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Abstract In the numerical simulation research for underwater explosion, the selection of simulation parameters has a great influence on the results of numerical calculation. Based on the one-dimensional spherical symmetry model, this paper systematically studies the influence of three factors: grid size, water state equation and artificial viscosity coefficient on the important physical parameters of water explosion when TNT explosive is exploded in water. The important physical parameters selected for the explosion in water are the shock wave intensity, the maximu m radius of the bubble and the pulsation period of the bubble. A series of studies are carried out on underwater explosions with different grid sizes, so as to obtain the corresponding recommended grids that meet the calculation accuracy. The influence of different water state equations on the simulation results is discussed. The effect of artificial viscosity coefficient on the simulation results is analyzed. Finally, the similarity law of the model is studied to verify the universality of the model parameters.
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Wang, Chuan-hao, Shu-shan Wang, Jing-xiao Zhang, and Feng Ma. "Pressure Load Characteristics of Explosions in an Adjacent Chamber." Shock and Vibration 2021 (January 21, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3726306.

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To learn more about dynamite explosions in confined spaces, we focused on the chamber adjacent to the main chamber, the main chamber being the location of the explosion. We investigated the characteristics of two damaging pressure loads: first reflected shock wave and quasistatic pressure. In this work, we analyzed the characteristics of the first reflected shock wave and the quasistatic pressure formed by the explosion of the chamber charge. Simulated chamber explosion experiments were carried out, where high-frequency piezoelectric sensors were used to measure the first reflected shock wave, and low-frequency piezo-resistive sensors were used to measure the quasistatic pressure. Valid and reasonable experimental data were obtained, and the experimental values of the pressure load were compared with those calculated from the classical model. The results showed that when the main chamber was partially damaged by the explosion load, the adjacent chambers were not subjected to the shock wave load, and the quasistatic pressure load was less than that in the main chamber. The presence of adjacent chambers did not affect the shock wave load in the main chamber. Using the mass of the explosive and the blast distance as input parameters, the internal explosion shock wave load parameters, including those in adjacent chambers, can be calculated. The presence of the adjacent chamber did not affect the theoretically calculated quasistatic overpressure peak in the main chamber. Using the mass of the explosive and the spatial volume of the chamber as input parameters, the quasistatic pressure load parameters of the internal explosion can be calculated, including those in the adjacent chambers.
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Kashevarova, Galina, and Andrey Pepelyaev. "Numerical Simulation of Domestic Gas Deflagration Explosion and Verification of Computational Techniques." Advanced Materials Research 742 (August 2013): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.742.3.

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Accidents caused by domestic gas explosions occur regularly enough. Gas explosion accidents indoors are defined as deflagration explosions. The formation of an explosive cloud depends on many factors inside the building. To understand why the buildings in one case withstand an explosion but collapse in another case, more precise design models and methods of their realization are needed. We used numerical modeling to calculate the blast load intensity and find out the impact of the actual environment parameters. For the model verification we referred to the full-scale experiment on the deflagration of domestic gas in enclosed space.
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Dulnev, A. I. "Underwater explosion in open water: gas bubble parameters." Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 1, no. 403 (February 15, 2023): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-1-403-31-47.

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Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses underwater explosion. The purpose of the study was to justify the mathematical model enabling the assessment of gas bubble pulses of underwater explosion for a wide range of explosion depths and charge weights. Subject matter and methods. The paper discusses an explosion in open-water conditions. The study relies on analytical materials, numerical solution of common differential equations and on the experimental data. Main results. The study describes calculation expressions for gas bubble pulse parameters available in literature. It also compares calculation results with the experimental data for TNT explosions. Conclusion. As compared to existing solutions and empirical expressions, the mathematical model suggested in this paper enables the assessment of pulse parameters for a wide range of explosion depths and charge weights. Calculation results obtained as per this model correlate with available test data. The results of this work may be used to estimate underwater explosion impact upon marine objects and structures.
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Jurca, Adrian Marius, Mihaela Părăian, and Niculina Vătavu. "Explosion prevention and mitigation in plants which process, generate and store combustible dusts." MATEC Web of Conferences 354 (2022): 00041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202235400041.

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Combustible dusts which are present in workplaces are a significant hazard which cannot be ignored by the plant owners, managers and workers. Combustible dust deflagrations and explosions have caused large numbers of deaths and catastrophic property damages in various industries, ranging from pharmaceutical plants to sugar factories. One may say that dust explosions in process industries always start inside process equipment such as mills, dryers, filters. Such events may occur in any process in which a combustible dust is handled, produced or stored, and can be triggered by any energy source, including static electricity, friction and hot surfaces. For any combustible dust type, several important parameters have to be taken into account when designing and using protective systems: i.e. the ease with which dust clouds ignite and their burning rates, maximum explosion pressure, maximum rate of explosion pressure rise. These parameters vary considerably depending on the dust type, their knowledge being a first step for carrying out a proper explosion risk assessment in installations which circulate combustible dusts. The paper presents the main aspects concerning explosion protection which have to be taken into account when designing protective systems intended to be used in explosive atmospheres generated by combustible dusts and the importance of selecting the proper explosion protection technique.
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Wang, Chuan-hao, Shu-shan Wang, and Jing-xiao Zhang. "Pressure Load Characteristics of Nonideal Explosives in a Simulation Cabin." Shock and Vibration 2019 (September 24, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6862134.

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In this study, an aluminum-containing charge was exploded in an enclosed simulation cabin to explore the characteristics of two types of damaging pressure loads formed by internal explosions: the first incident shock wave and the quasistatic pressure. A high-frequency piezoelectric sensor was used to measure the first incident shock wave and a low-frequency piezoresistive sensor was used to measure the quasistatic pressure. After obtaining effective experimental data, the experimental results were compared with the values obtained by the classical calculation model. The results show that the pressure loads generated by the internal explosions from the ideal explosive and the aluminum-containing explosive share similar load characteristics, given the same mass and benchmark explosive. The difference between the two explosives primarily lies in the amplitude of the load parameters. The aluminum-containing explosive has lower first incident shock wave and higher quasistatic pressure than that of the ideal explosive. For the peak overpressure of the first incident shock wave, the explosion shock wave load parameters of the aluminum-containing explosive, which are calculated based on the explosion heat theory, are higher than the measured values. The peak quasistatic overpressure is directly related to the total energy released by the explosion; however, they are hardly correlated with the reaction process. Therefore, the aerobic postcombustion reaction of the aluminum-containing explosive does not affect the analysis and calculation of the peak quasistatic overpressure. As a result, given the heat value of the explosive, the peak quasistatic overpressure of the explosive can accurately be obtained.
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Zairov, Sh, Sh Urinov, A. Tukhtashev, and Y. Borovkov. "LABORATORY STUDY OF PARAMETERS OF CONTOUR BLASTING IN THE FORMATION OF SLOPES OF THE SIDES OF THE CAREER." Technical science and innovation 2020, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.51346/tstu-01.20.3-77-0078.

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Explored theoretically the interaction of explosive charges in the preliminary gap formation in quarries. A methodology has been developed for conducting experimental studies of blast well contour explosions on models, which allows one to investigate crack formation on volumetric models and wave interaction using high-speed video recording of the explosion process in transparent models, as well as determine the parameters of explosion stress waves in samples of real rocks. Theoretical and laboratory researches have established that only the creation of a screening gap for the entire height of the non-working ledge allows you to get a virtually undisturbed array with a high-quality surface of the slope
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Explosion parameters"

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Hansen, Steven Richard. "Vaporizing Foil Actuator Process Parameters: Input Characteristics, Energy Deposition, and Pressure Output." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1514997723443633.

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Tomasec, Marian. "Explosion pulping for papermaking : effect of cooking parameters on mechanical and optical properties = Mise en pâte d'explosion pour la production papetière : effet des paramètres de la cuisson sur les propriétés mécaniques et optiques." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1996. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6817/1/000628918.pdf.

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Grindal, Mats. "Handling combinatorial explosion in software testing." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköpings universitet, 2007. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2007/tek1073s.pdf.

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Ismail, Mohamed Mohamed. "Blast wave parameter studies of fuel-air explosives." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316143.

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Amersbach, Christian, and Hermann Winner. "Functional decomposition - A contribution to overcome the parameter space explosion during validation of highly automated driving." Taylor & Francis, 2019. https://publish.fid-move.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A72240.

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Objective: Particular testing by functional decomposition of the automated driving function can potentially contribute to reducing the effort of validating highly automated driving functions. In this study, the required size of test suites for scenario-based testing and the potential to reduce it by functional decomposition are quantified for the first time. Methods: The required size of test suites for scenario-based approval of a so-called Autobahn-Chauffeur (SAE Level 3) is analyzed for an exemplary set of scenarios. Based on studies of data from failure analyses in other domains, the possible range for the required test coverage is narrowed down and suitable discretization steps, as well as ranges for the influence parameters, are assumed. Based on those assumptions, the size of the test suites for testing the complete system is quantified. The effects that lead to a reduction in the parameter space for particular testing of the decomposed driving function are analyzed and the potential to reduce the validation effort is estimated by comparing the resulting test suite sizes for both methods. Results: The combination of all effects leads to a reduction in the test suites’ size by a factor between 20 and 130, depending on the required test coverage. This means that the size of the required test suite can be reduced by 95–99% by particular testing compared to scenario-based testing of the complete system. Conclusions: The reduction potential is a valuable contribution to overcome the parameter space explosion during the validation of highly automated driving. However, this study is based on assumptions and only a small set of exemplary scenarios. Thus, the findings have to be validated in further studies.
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THIEULLEN, BONANSEA MICHELE. "Points multiples des procesus de levy. Critere de non explosion de solutions d'equations differentielles stochastiques. Calcul stochastique non adapte a deux parametres." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066337.

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Nous montrons que n copies independantes d'un processus de levy x issues de points appartenant a un voisinage de 0, ont des points communs avec probabilite strictement positive si le noyau resolvant de x est fortement fellerien de densite de puissance nieme integrable au voisinge de 0. Nous donnons un resultat sur la 1-capacite d'une boule de rayon a et de centre 0 relativement ax. Nous etudions le cas particulier ou x est un processus stable. Ensuite nous donnons un critere pour que la solution d'une equation differentielle stochastique de dole ans-dade n'explose pas. Pour toute condition initiale. Enfin nous montrons une formule de changement de variable de type stratonovitch pour des processus non adaptes indexes par 0;1#2. Pour cela nous definissons des integrales de stratonovitch simple et double. Nous en deduisons une formule de type skorohod qui ne contient aucune integrale de ligne. Notre methode consiste a regulariser le processus de wiener par convolution
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Aiteh, Hassan al. "Formation, structure et limites de detonation dans le bioxyde de chlore et dans l'azoture d'hydrogene." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066624.

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Юрченко, Аннета Анатоліївна, Аннета Анатольевна Юрченко, and A. A. Yorchenco. "Підвищення екологічної безпеки масових вибухів в залізорудних кар’єрах за пиловим чинником." Thesis, Видавництво НГУ, 2012. http://ir.nmu.org.ua/handle/123456789/198.

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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальнісю 21.06.01 - “Екологічна безпека”. – Державний ВНЗ «Національний гірничий університет», Дніпропетровськ, 2012.
Диссертация на соискание учёной степени кандидата технических наук по специальности 21.06.01 - “Экологическая безопасность”. – Государственное ВУЗ «Национальный горный университет», Днепропетровск, 2012.
Dissertation on gaining of scientific degree of candidate of engineering sciences after specialty 21.06.01 is "Ecological safety". - the State VNZ «National mountain university», Dnepropetrovsk, 2012.
У дисертації вирішена актуальна наукова задача, що полягає у встановлені закономірностей розповсюдження пилової хмари після масових вибухів в залізорудних кар’єрах та рівнем її екологічної небезпеки і розробці на цій основі екологічно ефективних способів та засобів зменшення викидів пилу у довкілля. Розроблені методичні засади визначення висоти підйому пилових частинок залізорудного пилу під дією теплових чинників як при наявності вітру, так і при його відсутності. Розроблено спосіб та засіб зменшення висоти підйому пилової хмари дальності її розповсюдження, які передбачають проведення робіт з оптимізації параметрів свердловинних зарядів, а також використання в якості набійки свердловинних зарядів гумової пробки з анкерним пристроєм. Удосконалено спосіб захисту довкілля від викидів пилу шляхом зрошування пилової хмари в цілому, обґрунтовано необхідний діаметр капель води для забезпечення максимальної ефективності пилопригнічення, а також об’єм води для цого. Для транспортуваня та розбризкування води над пиловою хмарою обґрунтовано використання спеціальним чином обладнаних вертольотів. Ступінь екологічної небезпеки при впровадженні запропонованих способів та засобів знепилення досягає рівня “безпечний”.
В диссертации решена актуальная научная задача, которая заключається в установлении закономерностей рассеивания пылевого облака после массовых взрывов в железорудных карьерах и уровня изменения его экологической опасности, а также разработке на их основе экологически эффективных способов и средств снижения выбросов пыли в окружающую среду. На основании результатов анализа рассеивания пылевого облака, образовавшегося после массового взрыва, выполнена оценка опасности загрязнения прилегающих территорий по пылевому фактору. Показано, что уровень экологической опасности от загрязнения воздуха пылью в радиусе 10 км представляется как “очень опасный”, а степень загрязнения – “недопустимая”. Уровень загрязнения пылью атмосферного воздуха и прилегающих территорий зависит от высоты подъёма пылевого облака, объёмов выброса пыли, метеорологических условий и эффективности способов и средств пылеподавления. В результате анализа существующих способов и средств подавления пылевого облака сделан вывод о необходимости их совершенствования. Для оценки экологической опасности рассеивания пылевого облака разработана методика расчёта высоты его подъёма с учётом дисперсности пылевых частиц и других влияющих факторов, что позволило выполнить расчёты рассеивания пыли в атмосфере для оценки эффективности технических мероприятий, направленных на снижение или локализацию выбросов пыли и её рассеивания. Расчёты рассеивания пылевого облака при мощности взрыва 500 т “украинита”, скорости ветра 5 м/с и нормальных метеорологических условиях показали, что дальность выноса грубодисперсной железорудной пыли составляет от 0,14 до 4,4 км, а тонкодисперсной – от 40 до, примерно, 740 км. При этом удельные выбросы пыли при общей площади рассеивания до 28770 км2 достигают 1,302 кг/км2. Разработан способ снижения высоты выброса пылегазового облака при массовом взрыве на основе оптимизации параметров скважинных зарядов (удельного заряда ВВ, диаметра скважин и соотношения длины забойки и взрывчатки в скважине). Предложена также усовершенствованная конструкция забойки скважинных зарядов, которая предусматривает использование в составе забойки резиновой пробки с анкерным устройством. Расчёты показали, что при применении этих разработок высота выброса пылегазового облака при массовом взрыве может быть снижена на величину до 30%. В работе выполнены исследования параметров подавления пылевого облака путём его орошения. Получено аналитическое выражение для оценки эффективности пылеулавливания от диаметра пылевых частиц и капель воды, скорости их движения, количества орошаемой жидкости, высоты орошения облака, а также суммарного коэффициента захвата пылевых частиц каплями жидкости. Установлено, что суммарный коэффициент захвата для тонкодисперсной пыли имеет максимальное значение 0,488 при диаметре капель воды 1 – 1,5 мм. Для грубодисперсной пыли при этих диаметрах капель воды коэффициент захвата изменяется от 0,815 до 0,996. При этом удельный расход воды для подавления тонкодисперсной фракции пыли составляет 3,195 л/кг. В качестве технического средства транспортирования орошающей жидкости и разбрызгивания её над пылевым облаком предложено использование специально оборудованных вертолётов. Оценка снижения экологической нагрузки на прилегающие территории при этом показала, что общий выброс пыли из карьера при массовом взрыве может быть снижен на 90 %. Степень экологической опасности при внедрении предложенных способов и средств пылеподавления достигает уровня “безопасный”.
In dissertation an actual scientific task, that consists in set conformities to the law of distribution of dust cloud after the mass explosions in iron ore quarry and level of its ecological danger and development on this basis ecologically effective methods and facilities of reduction of influencing of the troop landing of dust on the state of environment, is decided. The methodical bases of determination of height of getting up of iron ore dust particles under action of thermal factors both at presence of wind are developed, and at his absence. Methods and facilities of reduction of height of getting up of dust cloud and distance of its distribution, which foresee conducting of works after optimization of parameters of borehole charges, and also use, are developed as the printed fabric of rubber cork with the anchor device. The method of defence of environment is improved from the troop landing of dust by irrigation of dust cloud on the whole, substantiated necessary diameter of drops of water for providing of maximal efficiency of dust suppression, and also necessary volume of water for this. For transportation and splashing of water above the dust cloud of the substantiated use by the special appearance of the equipped helicopters. The degree of ecological danger at introduction of the offered methods and facilities of dedustinq measures up "safe".
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Cullis, Ian Frank. "The effect of steam explosion pretreatment parameters on softwood delignification efficiency." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/13929.

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Current environmental problems have led to concerns about the condition of the environment and the effect of automobile emissions on global warming. Recent work has determined that there are other alternate forms of energy, which are cleaner burning, and can be produced from renewable resources. Some alternative sources of energy include the combustion of hydrogen in the fuel cell and ethanol. Ethanol fuel has shown significant promise due largely to its ability to be used in internal combustion engines that are currently running gasoline or gasoline ethanol blends. Previous work has shown that steam explosion is a viable pretreatment technique for the conversion of biomass to ethanol, and that medium severity conditions are the best compromise between hemicellulose recovery and cellulose digestibility. To further develop this pretreatment strategy the effect of feedstock variation (moisture content and chip size) on the steam explosion process was examined, and the effect of the substrate on subsequent fractionation and hydrolysis were evaluated. Additionally, the effect of a secondary treatment regime, post steam explosion particle size reduction, was examined for its effect on fractionation and hydrolysis efficiency. In the next series of experiments the effect of EDTA chelation, stabilization (DTMPA, Sodium Silicate, and Magnesium Sulphate), consistency, and alternative delignification techniques (oxygen and wet oxidation) were examined. The techniques, which showed an improvement in delignification efficiency, were then used to optimize chemical loading and temperature during peroxide fractionation. The manipulation of feedstock conditions (moisture content and chip size) caused noticeable variations in the properties and effectiveness of further stages of the bioconversion process. Increased chip size caused an increase in the solid recovery, increasing from 62 to 82%, with concurrent increases in the prehydrolysate sugar recovery (7.5%). Increased recovery is the result of decreased relative severity of steam treatment as chip size increases. Decreased severity affects the overall process by decreasing the recalcitrance of lignin and therefore increasing the efficacy of peroxide fractionation, which removed 16% more lignin from the largest chip size. Similarly increased initial moisture content appeared to reduce the relative severity of the treatment, prehydrolysate sugars (mainly glucose and mannose), and solid recovery. Both increasing chip size and moisture content results in a substrate that performs better in peroxide delignification and enzymatic hydrolysis. Furthermore, post steam-explosion refining solubilized more of the glucose and mannose present in the prehydrolysate, resulting in a decrease in the solid recovery, while concurrently increasing prehydrolysate sugar recovery. The resulting solid substrate was more effectively delignified, resulting in a decrease in the residual lignin of 4.6% in the largest chip size. Improvements in the peroxide delignification process previously optimized by Yang et al. (2002) were achieved by altering substrate consistency, and the addition of peroxide stabilizers and chelants. Increasing consistency from 2 to 10% resulted in a decrease in the residual lignin content from 5.4% to less than 3% respectively. Additionally, stabilization (DTMPA) reduced the residual lignin content, after optimization a 40% decrease in lignin content is achievable, while maintaining glucose yield from enzymatic hydrolysis. Therefore, by optimizing the conditions it was possible to reduce the chemical (peroxide) loading by greater than 40%.
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Ho, Sing-Cheng, and 何星呈. "Exploration on process environmental parameters and explosion hazard to analyze the dominant factors in terms of fire and explosion." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rfcwfa.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
環境與安全衛生工程系
106
When polyester resin (PR) is manufactured on an industrial scale, the spreading of the dust cloud is a potential explosion hazard. The maximum explosion pressure and maximum rate of pressure rise were in the range 3.6 bar < Pmax (500) < 9.8 bar and 32 < (dP dt–1)max (500) < 356 bar s–1, respectively, which is more than that of sugar dust explosion. The explosion index Kst = V1/3 (dP dt–1)max was in the range 8.86 bar m s–1 < Kst (500) < 96.63 bar m s–1, which belongs to dust explosion class St-1. In addition, the results indicated that the explosion pressure can be significantly lessened with lower LOC. However, the inhibiting effect is not obvious at higher initial pressure. Therefore, the oxygen concentration must be considered as low as feasibly possible at a higher pressure to lessen the explosion hazards in production as well as handling process. Moreover, according to ANOVA analysis, the most significant factors for explosion intensity (Pmax) is dust concentration. The parameter should be prudently controlled during the storage, transportation, and manufacturing of PR dust.
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Books on the topic "Explosion parameters"

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Howe, Michael Joseph. Improving Estimates of Seismic Source Parameters Using Surface-Wave Observations: Applications to Earthquakes and Underground Nuclear Explosions. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2019.

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Stimpson, I. G. Source Parameters of Explosions in Granite at the French Test Site in Algeria. Atomic Weapons Establishment, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Explosion parameters"

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Chael, Eric P. "Effects of explosion source parameters on high-frequency Pg spectra." In Explosion Source Phenomenology, 211–17. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm065p0211.

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Belsky, V. M., and M. V. Zhernokletov. "Determination of Detonation Parameters and Efficiency of Solid HE Explosion Products." In Material Properties under Intensive Dynamic Loading, 329–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36845-8_8.

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Yuan, Wei, Ruoyu Han, Weisheng He, Chen Li, Yuchen Cao, and Yongmin Zhang. "Influence of Circuit Parameters on Discharge Characteristics and Shock-Wave in Underwater Electric Wire Explosion." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 1061–68. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1532-1_112.

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Lemos, L. Teixeira, and R. Bouriannes. "The Measurement and Interpretation of the Starch Dust-Air Explosion Parameters in a Closed Spherical Vessel." In Combustings Flow Diagnostics, 523–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2588-8_22.

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Gordeev, Konstantin I., Valery I. Kiselev, Alexander N. Lebedev, Michail N. Savkin, and Jakov N. Shoikhet. "Basis of the Retrospective Reconstruction Method for Parameters Determining Internal Irradiation Along the Trace Following a Nuclear Explosion." In Nuclear Tests, 133–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58776-4_6.

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Xu, Dawei, Yijie She, Zhonghua Tan, Ruiguang Li, and Jian Zhao. "Research on the Recognition of Internet Buzzword Features Based on Transformer." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 227–37. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8285-9_17.

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AbstractAccurate identification of Internet buzzwords plays an important role in positive Internet opinion guidance. A Transformer-based Internet buzzword feature recognition system was designed to address this problem. The traditional way of crawling data has been improved, a real-time crawling module has been added, and an Internet buzzword corpus has been constructed by itself. The traditional way of crawling data has been improved, a real-time crawling module has been added, and an Internet buzzword corpus has been constructed by itself. Traditional machine learning models suffer from gradient disappearance and gradient explosion, the Transformer model, with its parallel computing and self-attentive mechanism, is a good solution to these problems, and its bi-directional connection allows the parameters of the context to be updated uniformly, thus allowing better aggregation of information and solving the problem of scattered contextual information. Transformation of the position-encoded part of the Transformer model starts with a relative position representation (RPR). It compensates for its inability to obtain relative location information. The experimental results show that the improved Transformer model can achieve an accuracy rate of 90.1%, a recall rate of 92.13%, and an F1 value of 91.16% in recognizing Internet buzzwords.
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Kram, Mark, Peter Morris, and Lorne Everett. "Dynamic Subsurface Explosive Vapor Concentrations: Observations and Implications." In Continuous Soil Gas Measurements: Worst Case Risk Parameters, 20–31. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp157020130018.

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Šunjić, Darko, Stipo Buljan, and Eduarda Gomes. "Analysis of Some Parameters in Explosive Forming." In New Technologies, Development and Application VI, 149–55. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31066-9_16.

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Kaverina, Asya, and Alec Prozorov. "On Ms:mb Statistics for Earthquakes and Explosions and their Relation to Some Source Parameters." In Earthquakes Induced by Underground Nuclear Explosions, 301–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57764-2_23.

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Liu, Rong-qiang, Jian-xin Nie, and Qing-jie Jiao. "Study on Lee-Tarver Model Parameters of CL-20 Explosive Ink." In Advances in Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, 205–15. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9710-3_22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Explosion parameters"

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Semenikhin, T. A., and M. V. Pruzhinskaya. "Bolometric light curves and parameters of superbright supernova explosions." In Всероссийская с международным участием научная конференция студентов и молодых ученых, посвященная памяти Полины Евгеньевны Захаровой «Астрономия и исследование космического пространства». Ural University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3229-8.47.

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The goal of this work is to obtain bolometric light curves of superluminous supernovae using data from the Open Supernova Catalog of and vector-valued Gaussian processes. With the help of theoretical and analytical simulations, parameters of supernova explosions, such as the explosion energy and the mass of the produced radioactive elements, will be extracted from the obtained bolometric light curves.
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Ren, Guopeng, Rong Pan, Feng Sun, and Liang Li. "Sensitivity Analysis on the Blast Resistance of Steel Concrete Structure Wall Based on CONWEP." In 2021 28th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone28-64415.

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Abstract In the modern society, more and more explosive accidents and explosive terror attacks have happened around the world. These explosions not only inflict heavy casualties and property loss, but also cause serious damage to related structures. The outer wall of the nuclear island plant of newly constructed nuclear power unit is usually designed as the steel concrete (SC) structure to prevent from explosion and aircraft impact. This paper selects the steel concrete structure wall composed of surface steel plate, stud, tie bar and concrete as the study object. It adopts classical explicit nonlinear dynamic analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA to conduct a series of parameter sensitivity analysis on the impact of blast resistance of the steel concrete structure wall based on the CONWEP method. These parameters include: the explosive scaled distance, thickness of the steel plate, thickness and grade of the concrete, diameter and spacing of tie bars, etc. The analysis results indicate that the above mentioned parameters, especially the explosion scaled distance, the thickness of the wall and the spacing of tie bars, affect the blast resistance capacity of the wall. This paper contributes to the guiding and referencing significance for the design and optimization of the steel concrete structure outer wall of nuclear island plant.
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Tkachenko, Svetlana I., Vera M. Romanova, Tatiana A. Shelkovenko, Alexey E. Ter-Oganesyan, Albert R. Mingaleev, and Sergey A. Pikuz. "Distribution of plasma parameters upon electrical wire explosion." In 2008 IEEE 35th International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2008.4591084.

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Yoon, Joon Young, Sung-In Park, Jae Bong Lee, Seungmin Kwon, and Yoonsik Hwang. "A Preliminary Investigation on the Risk Arising From the Use of HP FGS System in LNGC by Analyzing Risk Contributors Comparatively." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54721.

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This work is motivated by the need to identify the fire and explosion risk on LNGCs developed by Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. (DSME) because the main engines are designed to use highly pressurized natural gas (about 300 bar), which has caused vague fears of fire and explosion risks. In this context, to identify the risk of fires and explosions quantitatively caused by ignitions of unintended leaked gas from fuel gas lines, a FERA was carried out for the LNGCs [1]. This paper, as a part of the FERA, presents the results of a preliminary investigation on the effect of introducing the highly pressured fuel gas system into LNGCs on the fire and explosion risk especially in the cargo compressor room. This study is conducted in a comparative way considering the risk contribution of each parameter that could impact on the fire and explosion risk in LNGCs. The effect of the highly pressured fuel gas is indirectly taken into account by the change of the initial leak rate in the system. To identify effects of the considered parameters quantitatively, dozens of simulations for the selected gas dispersion, explosion and fire scenarios were carried out using FLACS and KFX. Based on the results from the simulations, it is concluded that, in case of the LNGCs, the effects of the initial large leak rate due to the high pressure in the fuel gas pipes on fire and explosion risk are not significant compared with the other parameters’ effects.
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Li, Zhigang, Jinghao Li, Meng Lin, and Yanhua Yang. "Estimation of Ex-Vessel Steam Explosion Pressure Loads for AP1000 Nuclear Power Plant." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30424.

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An ex-vessel steam explosion is a fuel coolant interaction process which may occur when the reactor vessel fails and the molten core pours into the water in the reactor cavity during a severe reactor accident. A strong enough steam explosion in a nuclear power plant could endanger the containment integrity and lead to a direct release of radioactive material to the environment. In this article, a nuclear island geometrical model of AP1000 nuclear power plant was established and different scenarios of ex-vessel steam explosions in AP1000 NPP were simulated by MC3D code. Since the initial parameters with large quantity of uncertainties under accident condition may have important effects on the steam explosion, some initial parameters study were performed by varying the location of the melt release (75°,45°,30°,0°), the cavity water subcooling, the triggering time for explosion calculations, the melt temperature and the break size. Results indicate that the higher the melt temperature, the longer the triggered time and the lower the coolant temperature would lead to the more severe steam explosion. Besides, when the angle of break reaches 45 degree and the diameter of the break is 0.5m, the steam explosion causes the largest damage.
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Prodan, Maria. "LABORATORY METHODS FOR DETERMINING EXPLOSION PARAMETERS FOR UNDERGROUND DANGEROUS MIXTURES." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES IN GEOLOGY, EXPLORATION AND MINING. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b13/s3.044.

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Nianmin, Guo, Peng Gengxin, Liu Fulie, Xu Kaichi, and Pei Guangping. "Explosion numerical simulation: A method for designing source excitation parameters." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2020. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segam2020-3417389.1.

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Song, Jinho, Ikkyu Park, Yongseung Sin, Jonghwan Kim, Seongwan Hong, Beongtae Min, and Heedong Kim. "Steam Explosion Experiments Using ZrO2 and ZrO2/UO2 Mixture." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22055.

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Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has been carrying an experimental research program on the steam explosion named “Test for Real cOrium Interaction with water (TROI)” since 1997. The objective of the program is to investigate whether the corium would lead to an energetic steam explosion and to measure the conversion ratio of the energetic steam explosion. In the first series of tests using several kg of ZrO2 where the melt/water interaction were made in the water pool at 30 ∼ 95 °C, either a quenching or a spontaneous steam explosions was observed. In the second series of tests using the mixture of UO2/ZrO2 performed in a similar manner as that of ZrO2, it also resulted in either a quenching or energetic steam explosion. The morphology of debris and pressure profile clearly indicate the differences in those two phenomena. The process parameters including the dynamic pressure, dynamic impulse, water and melt temperature, static pressure inside the containment chamber were measured.
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Geng, Jihui, and J. Kelly Thomas. "Blast Wall Shielding Effectiveness." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65187.

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Blast walls are frequently considered as a potential mitigation option to reduce the applied blast loading on a building or structure in cases where unacceptably high levels of blast damage are predicted. There are three general explosion types of interest with respect to blast loading: High Explosive (HE), Pressure Vessel Burst (PVB), and Vapor Cloud Explosion (VCE). The blast waves resulting from these explosion types can differ significantly in terms of blast wave shape and duration. The effectiveness of a blast wall depends on these blast wave parameters (shape and duration), as well as the blast wall parameters (e.g., height, width and standoff distance from the protected structure). The effectiveness of a blast wall in terms of mitigating the blast loading on a protected structure depends on the combination of the blast wave and blast wall parameters. However, little guidance is available on the effectiveness of blast walls as a mitigation option for non-HE explosion sources. The purpose of this paper is to characterize the effect of blast wave parameters on the effectiveness of a blast wall and to provide guidance on how to determine whether a blast wall is an effective and practical blast damage mitigation option for a given blast loading.
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Wemhoff, Aaron P., Alan K. Burnham, Albert L. Nichols, and Jaroslaw Knap. "Calibration Methods for the Extended Prout-Tompkins Chemical Kinetics Model and Derived Cookoff Parameters for RDX, HMX, LX-10 and PBXN-109." In ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2007-32279.

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Thermal explosions result when local temperature-dependent heat generation exceeds heat loss via conduction. The temperature dependence of the heat source term is directly related to the material’s chemical kinetics, and hence the chemical kinetics has a direct impact on the thermal explosion times of a material. Much success has been gained in past work to accurately model thermal explosions in various explosives using multi-step Arrhenius chemical kinetics models. However, the generation of these kinetics models is time consuming and complex. Therefore, a methodology has been developed that allows for calibration of a single-reaction global kinetics model using One Dimensional Time to Explosion (ODTX) experimental data, which combines an iterative approach with a steepest descents optimization. This methodology has been applied to calibrate kinetic parameters for the widely-used explosives RDX (1, 3, 5-trinitrohexahydro-striazine), HMX (octahydro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetranitro-1, 3, 5, 7-tetrazocine), LX-10 (95% HMX, 5% Viton binder), and PBXN-109 (64% RDX, 20% Al, 16% binders). The average error between experimental and simulated ODTX and STEX data using this technique is approximately equivalent to that using the traditional multi-step models, and the time required for calibration of the global kinetics model has been reduced from months to hours.
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Reports on the topic "Explosion parameters"

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Judge, K. J. Installation and use of a quantimet 720 image analyzer for particle characterization. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331777.

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The size and shape of particles, in a dust, can affect the explosion hazards posed by the dust. Dust explosion work at the Canadian Explosive Atmospheres Laboratory (CEAL) now involves the use of an image analyzer. The analyzer is being used to characterize the shape and size of grains involved in explosion tests at this laboratory. It is hoped that this information will indicate the relationships between these parameters and that a more comprehensive prediction of dust explosion phenomena will result. The system configuration, operating procedures and supporting hardware and software are detailed in this report.
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Yager, Robert J. Blast Parameters From Explosions in Air (Coded in C++). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada593251.

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Liu, Cheng. Specific surface: a missing parameter in high-explosive modeling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/966982.

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Liu, Cheng. Specific surface: a missing parameter in high-explosive modeling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/963424.

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Snyder, Victor A., Dani Or, Amos Hadas, and S. Assouline. Characterization of Post-Tillage Soil Fragmentation and Rejoining Affecting Soil Pore Space Evolution and Transport Properties. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580670.bard.

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Tillage modifies soil structure, altering conditions for plant growth and transport processes through the soil. However, the resulting loose structure is unstable and susceptible to collapse due to aggregate fragmentation during wetting and drying cycles, and coalescense of moist aggregates by internal capillary forces and external compactive stresses. Presently, limited understanding of these complex processes often leads to consideration of the soil plow layer as a static porous medium. With the purpose of filling some of this knowledge gap, the objectives of this Project were to: 1) Identify and quantify the major factors causing breakdown of primary soil fragments produced by tillage into smaller secondary fragments; 2) Identify and quantify the. physical processes involved in the coalescence of primary and secondary fragments and surfaces of weakness; 3) Measure temporal changes in pore-size distributions and hydraulic properties of reconstructed aggregate beds as a function of specified initial conditions and wetting/drying events; and 4) Construct a process-based model of post-tillage changes in soil structural and hydraulic properties of the plow layer and validate it against field experiments. A dynamic theory of capillary-driven plastic deformation of adjoining aggregates was developed, where instantaneous rate of change in geometry of aggregates and inter-aggregate pores was related to current geometry of the solid-gas-liquid system and measured soil rheological functions. The theory and supporting data showed that consolidation of aggregate beds is largely an event-driven process, restricted to a fairly narrow range of soil water contents where capillary suction is great enough to generate coalescence but where soil mechanical strength is still low enough to allow plastic deforn1ation of aggregates. The theory was also used to explain effects of transient external loading on compaction of aggregate beds. A stochastic forInalism was developed for modeling soil pore space evolution, based on the Fokker Planck equation (FPE). Analytical solutions for the FPE were developed, with parameters which can be measured empirically or related to the mechanistic aggregate deformation model. Pre-existing results from field experiments were used to illustrate how the FPE formalism can be applied to field data. Fragmentation of soil clods after tillage was observed to be an event-driven (as opposed to continuous) process that occurred only during wetting, and only as clods approached the saturation point. The major mechanism of fragmentation of large aggregates seemed to be differential soil swelling behind the wetting front. Aggregate "explosion" due to air entrapment seemed limited to small aggregates wetted simultaneously over their entire surface. Breakdown of large aggregates from 11 clay soils during successive wetting and drying cycles produced fragment size distributions which differed primarily by a scale factor l (essentially equivalent to the Van Bavel mean weight diameter), so that evolution of fragment size distributions could be modeled in terms of changes in l. For a given number of wetting and drying cycles, l decreased systematically with increasing plasticity index. When air-dry soil clods were slightly weakened by a single wetting event, and then allowed to "age" for six weeks at constant high water content, drop-shatter resistance in aged relative to non-aged clods was found to increase in proportion to plasticity index. This seemed consistent with the rheological model, which predicts faster plastic coalescence around small voids and sharp cracks (with resulting soil strengthening) in soils with low resistance to plastic yield and flow. A new theory of crack growth in "idealized" elastoplastic materials was formulated, with potential application to soil fracture phenomena. The theory was preliminarily (and successfully) tested using carbon steel, a ductile material which closely approximates ideal elastoplastic behavior, and for which the necessary fracture data existed in the literature.
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