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Academic literature on the topic 'Exploitation forestière – Doubs (France)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Exploitation forestière – Doubs (France)"
Avocat, Helene. "Approche géographique des approvissionnements en plaquettes foréstières des chaufferies du secteur collectif/tertiaire : application au Pays Loue-Lison et à la Communauté d'agglomération du Grand Besançon." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA1048.
Full textIn a context of strong increase of fuelwood demand in the collective sector, the supply issue becomes central to all stakeholders, raising many issues relating to land and forestry planning, local development, environment ... Meanwhile, questions emerge: how much energy can be mobilized sustainably? Does the spatial and structural configuration of forests influence the supply process? Do we seek to minimize transport distances? Can we observe spatial competition between the boilers ? To understand the current organization of supplies, we analyzed two sets of data traceability of wood chips. Then, we have developed a model of local supply basins, considering constraints of renewability of the resource, and conflicts of use, by combining various information sources: vegetation index derived from satellite imagery, forest mapping and production tables. The objective of this approach was dual : to determine the quantity of forest chips workable on a territory, and to highlight the spatial competition between the different basins supply, and the contribution of different tree species. This has enabled to show the importance of the energy potential of isolated trees, to our knowledge not previously evaluated in a sub-regional scale
Carry, Renaud Elisabeth. "L'homme et la forêt dans la Haute-Vallée du Doubs à la fin du Moyen âge : modalités et paradoxes d'une anthropisation tardive." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839115.
Full textAvocat, Helene. "Approche géographique des approvisionnements en plaquettes forestières des chaufferies du secteur collectif/tertiaire : application au pays Loue-Lison et à la communauté d'agglomération du grand Besançon." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA1048/document.
Full textIn a context of strong increase of fuelwood demand in the collective sector, the supply issue becomes central to all stakeholders, raising many issues relating to land and forestry planning, local development, environment ... Meanwhile, questions emerge: how much energy can be mobilized sustainably? Does the spatial and structural configuration of forests influence the supply process? Do we seek to minimize transport distances? Can we observe spatial competition between the boilers ? To understand the current organization of supplies, we analyzed two sets of data traceability of wood chips. Then, we have developed a model of local supply basins, considering constraints of renewability of the resource, and conflicts of use, by combining various information sources: vegetation index derived from satellite imagery, forest mapping and production tables. The objective of this approach was dual : to determine the quantity of forest chips workable on a territory, and to highlight the spatial competition between the different basins supply, and the contribution of different tree species. This has enabled to show the importance of the energy potential of isolated trees, to our knowledge not previously evaluated in a sub-regional scale
Lalanne, Arnault. "Système sylvicole, exploitation forestière : impacts respectifs sur l'état de conservation d'habitats forestiers planitiaires atlantiques." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MNHN0009.
Full textThe European “Habitats” directive urges EU state members to evaluate the state of conservation of their habitats listed in the Annex I, which form in France the so-called “Natura 2000” network. In France, the “Office National des Forets” is in a leader position, being in charge of 20% of all Natura 2000 sites. However, there is a concern about the compatibility of forest management practices commonly performed by this institution and the protective rules edicted by EU. In particular the maintenance of a good state of conservation of forest habitats can be questioned. The purpose of the present thesis was first to define a good state of conservation for forests of the Paris Basin, then to see, through several examples, whether their state of conservation was impacted by forest management. Herbs and humus/soil dwelling mosses were used as indicators, according to the phytosociological approach, as well as humus forms, using Humus Index and depth of holorganic horizons. Sampling was done in different management units, describing the forest cycle (synchronic approach) in homogeneous site conditions. For the habitat “Acidophilic atlantic beech-oak forest” (DH 9120), we showed an example of conversion of coppices-with-standards to full-grown stands, with sessile oak as a target timber species, and an example of an acidophilic beech forest where sylviculture was made more dynamic. For the habitat “Beech forest of the Asperulo-Fagion type” (DH 9130), our study was performed in three forests belonging to the same phytosociological syntaxon but located in three different climatic regions. In this case, too, we measured the effects of a more dynamic sylviculture. As a general rule, species richness increases under the influence of new sylvicultural practices. However, such an increase was not shown by mosses as well as by higher plants typically living in woodland. One explanation is the surface state of forest soils, which is strongly affected by exploitation traffic, mainly through soil compaction. Soil compaction disfavours geophytes, which are the main component of typical forest vegetation. Another explanation lies in the more dynamic sylviculture. The decreasing standing crop imposes a change in climate conditions, with more light and less humidity. This disfavours typical forest species, which commonly live in a shady and moist environment. Another important result concerns changes in humus forms under the new sylviculture. The Humus Index indicates a more rapid humification and mineralisation of topsoil organic matter. We hypothesize that soil biological processes are activated by more light arriving at the ground surface. At last, we want to highlight the importance of the geograhical range over which our results can be considered valid. The example of neutrocline beech forests shows that the appropriate scale for extrapolating our results is that of the natural (climatic) region
Bonhôte, Jérôme. "Forges à la catalane et évolution forestière dans les Pyrénées de la Haute-Ariège." Toulouse 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU20075.
Full textLaurens, Lucette. "Utiliser l'Aubrac, comment ?" Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30030.
Full textAubrac, the most meridional volcanic massif of the massif central distinguishes itself within the aveyron, cantal and lozere subdivisions. For thirty years, the local economy has overgone complete changes. However the agricultural prevails, the appearance of agricultural syndicalism promoted alterations and "vertical integration" of local agriculture. The improving of production components is the feature of the last twenty years. Those efforts to increase the productive capacity led to a specialization of local agriculture now concentrated on breeding of bovins for butchery. This evolution also involved important investments and considerable debts. In spite of this economical development, aubrac has been suffering during several decades a demographic falling-off. In 1982, only 14308 inhabitants were recorded for an average density of 10 inhabitants per square kilometre. This rural depopulation unbalances the communal structure. Thereby the valorization of the lands was abandonned in some communes. This is the occasion for the settlement of a diversification of the use of the space. Two possible guidances : forest and tourism. Those two channels have to be considered. They will have economical repercussions as a consequence but they will not affect the whole massif. So one can wonder whether we don't tend towards the emergence of poles while large green spaces would become marginal. This kind of evolution seems to come into operation in aubrac. Notwithstanding the fact that aubrac is economically handicapped, it benefits by the great advantage of the valued potential of people who will precisely decide its future
Paradis-Grenouillet, Sandrine. "Etudier les forêts métallurgiques : analyses dendro-anthracologiques et approches géohistoriques : exemple des forêts du mont Lozère et du Périgord-Limousin." Limoges, 2012. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/4f2bc86e-9753-4e50-931c-80a03b1f2677/blobholder:0/2012LIMO2001.pdf.
Full textForests have always been at the heart of societal stakes, such as metallurgical activities, which consume a great quantity of wood. The latter have played an important role in the evolution of forests. Generally considered as “predators” of wooded areas, metallurgical activities can also be considered as “protectors” of forests, as a means of valorizing abandoned spaces. The relationships between metallurgical activities and forests are extremely complex and implicate numerous disciplines, with each discipline using specific documents and methods. Historical, geographical, archaeological or archaeobotanical, and paleo-environmental approaches enable us to evoke the question of « metallurgical forests ». This thesis addresses the question of “metallurgical forests” across these different disciplines and themes. By combining methodological and theoretical approaches, experimental initiatives and applications on privileged regional and historical contexts, new approaches are proposed to speak about the question of « metallurgical forests » in a transversal manner. Based on the study of historical documents coming from steel establishments of the Périgord-Limousin area and on the anthracological analysis of medieval charcoal platforms of Mont Lozère, this work offered the occasion to develop new approaches. The putting into place of ratios to evaluate the surfaces of coppices consumed based on the quantity of metal produced and the study of the Napoleonic cadastres enables us to evaluate the hold exerted by the steel activities on the forest cover. The experimental approach conducted on three charcoal burning sites enabled us to fine-tune and develop new methods for recreating the diameter of wood which permitted us to envisage better the study of charcoal sylvofacies. This thesis, which takes a highly methodological approach, proposes today a new conception of the study of « metallurgical forests »
Angelats, Robin. "L'action de l'administration forestière dans les Pyrénées-Orientales (1827-1914), de la protection des ressources forestières à la protection des richesses naturelles." Perpignan, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PERP0308.
Full textGondard, Hélène. "Un facteur de la diversité végétale sous climat méditerranéen, l'exploitation forestière : cas des peuplements de pin d'Alep (Pinus halepensis) du Sud de la France." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX30008.
Full textForest certification, which guarantees that commercial wood comes from forests submitted to sustainable practices, represents an important economical stake. This is why foresters seek research results that will help them improve forest management from environmental and conservation perspectives. In this general context, the objective of this thesis was to analyze the consequences on plant diversity of different cutting methods (clear-cutting, heavy or light thinning), of different machinery (skidder, machine of cutting-lopping-sawing, forwarder) and of environmental modifications (forest gaps, modifications of the soil surface). Temporal changes in these environmental factors, which influence biodiversity, were analyzed in order to identify techniques managing, as much as possible, towards good functioning, stability and durability of the ecosystem. We worked on the specific case of Aleppo pine forest in the central Var region, a wood which is used by the paper industry. .
Dahome, Di Ruggiero Michelle. "Evolution, exploitation et amenagement des zones humides littorales dans les petites Antilles Françaises." Antilles-Guyane, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AGUY0240.
Full textThe humid coastal zones (mangroves swamps, marshy forest, marsh meadow) of Guadeloupe and Martinique. Subjects to anthropic pressures, are they ln danger? The traditionals activities detremine a phytologic spatio-temporal dynamic of environment ensuring a newbalance to the system. With the analysis of aerial photographies, field-cheeking, a bibliographie synthesis permitted a typography based on the nature of the back mangrove swamp and a cartography of the spatial evolution of these zones of 1950 to 2004. Ali the diminishedprocesses are seen near urbaniazed areas. The counting ob of biological and physical indicators of the anthropisation convey thecharacteristics of traditionals uses differently applied in the 2 islands. The estimate of the anthropic pressure show the vulnerability of the forests near urbanized zones or roads and meadows and marshes. Surveys conducted in the field define the population of users and the social determinism of the uses. The study of popular regional events 'crab feast, shooting) gives the resources value of these habitats anexplains the economic of humid littoral of uses. These 2 determinisms pose the problem of the Iimiting utllizations of zhl. If the protectionsystem ot these 2 islands is identical (national or intemationallaws) but the management implemented in each of them is different. In Guadeloupe, it's necessary to propose concerted actions between ail actors of zhl for an better integrated