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1

Ertem-Müller, Senem [Verfasser]. "Numerical Efficiency of Implicit and Explicit Methods with Multigrid for Large Eddy Simulation in Complex Geometries / Senem Ertem-Müller." Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1181602696/34.

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2

Gouillou, Franck. "Comportement dynamique des composites à fibres naturelles et résines thermoplastiques : étude de la sensibilité à la vitesse de déformation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EMAC0004.

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Ces travaux visent à explorer le comportement des composites à matrice thermoplastique renforcée de fibres naturelles en examinant leur réponse à la vitesse de déformation lors de sollicitations en traction, en se concentrant particulièrement sur la variation du module d'élasticité longitudinal pour les composites à 0° et du module d'élasticité en cisaillement pour les stratifiés à ±45°. En utilisant des fibres de bambou, de lin et de basalte comme renforts unidirectionnels et le polyamide-11 semi-cristallin ainsi que la résine amorphe ELIUM comme matrices, diverses campagnes expérimentales ont été menées pour caractériser les matériaux. Des tests de traction statiques et dynamiques sont effectués à l'aide d'équipements électromécaniques, DMA et tours de chute. De nombreuses simulations numériques explicites sont utilisées afin d'analyser les données expérimentales. Les résultats révèlent que les composites avec des plis à 0° montrent une sensibilité limitée aux vitesses de déformation inférieurs à 100 s-1, les composites en bambou et en lin présentant peu de variations du module de Young, tandis que les composites renforcés de basalte montrent une légère augmentation. Cependant, les composites avec un empilement à ±45° affichent une sensibilité accrue, principalement influencée par la résine. Cette investigation exhaustive fournit des informations sur le comportement de ces composites à fibres naturelles et polymères thermoplastiques sous différentes vitesses de chargement, guidant leur optimisation et application
These works aim to explore the behavior of thermoplastic matrix composites reinforced with natural fibers by examining their strain rate response under tensile loading, focusing particularly on the variation of the longitudinal elastic modulus for 0° composites and the shear modulus for ±45° laminates. Using bamboo, flax, and basalt fibers as unidirectional reinforcements and semi-crystalline polyamide-11 as well as amorphous ELIUM resin as matrices, various experimental campaigns were conducted to characterize the materials. Static and dynamic tensile tests were performed using electromechanical equipment, DMA, and drop towers. Numerous explicit numerical simulations were employed to analyze the experimental data. The results reveal that 0° plies exhibit limited sensitivity to strain rates below 100 s⁻¹, with bamboo and flax composites showing little variation in Young's modulus, while basalt-reinforced composites display a slight increase. However, composites with ±45° stacking exhibit increased sensitivity, primarily influenced by the resin. This comprehensive investigation provides insights into the behavior of these natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polymer composites under different loading rates, guiding their optimization and application
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3

Profota, Martin. "Pevnostní návrh ostruhy letadla." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318638.

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This master thesis deals with computational stress-strain analysis of the tailskid of airplane L410 NG with main focus firstly the check current design of the tailskid and then the design another design solution with the able to absorb as much as possible the deformation energy. Solution of this problem is performed using computational modeling utilizing numerical simulation of quasi-static and crash deformation load of the tailskid with using explicit Finite Element Method (FEM) in program ABAQUS v6.14. After the introduction with problem situation and tailskid assembly introductory part is devoted to the research study of various designs of the tailskid for different types of airplanes. There follows these theoretical general principles of thin-walled structures and buckling of them. Before the creating of the computational model itself, the explicit form of the Finite Element Method is better described. The conclusion of this thesis deals with the mutual comparison of the most advantageous design variants of the tailskid and the selection of the most suitable one of them for the airplane L410 NG.
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4

Tatalák, Adam. "Deformačně-napěťová analýza tenkostěnné skříně vystavené rázovému zatížení od výbuchu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241688.

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This master thesis deals with stress-strain analysis of simplified model of the thin wall transformer case subjected to impact load of electrical blast. Electrical blast is replaced by chemical blast (detonation of high explosive). The problem is solved using computational modeling utilizing the Finite Element Method (FEM) and LS-DYNA solver. After the introduction where detonation and shock wave propagation is explained the analytical approach is presented. This approach serves to results verification. In the next chapter is conducted research of applicable methods from which ALE method is chosen. In preliminary study is performed the mesh size analysis that is focused on finding the size of element which is both computational effective and gives accurate results. Next the infulence of input conditions (shape, location and parametres of high explosive, location of detonation point, boundary conditions) on distribution and time progress of pressure is investigated. Then influence of the opening on upper side of the case on overall pressure redistribution and strain and stress of the case is analysed. The stress-strain analysis of the case´s door which are connected to case by various types of contact models is performed as well as stiffness analysis of these types of contact.
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5

Bauer, Frédéric. "Transport et production dans les écoulements turbulents de paroi à des nombres de Reynolds modérés." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAI033/document.

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L'approche de simulation numérique directe est utilisée pour la simulation d'un écoulement en canal pleinement turbulent afin d'étudier l'influence des grandes échelles de l'écoulement ainsi que la dynamique du transport des contraintes de Reynolds et de la vorticité. Les simulations sont réalisées sur un domaine de calcul de grande taille afin de pouvoir capturer l'intégralité des grandes structures de l'écoulement, et portent sur une gamme relativement étendue de nombres de Reynolds (Reτ =180, 395, 590 et 1100) allant des écoulements faiblement turbulents à des écoulements modérément turbulents. L'invariance remarquable des fluctuations de vorticité normale est expliquée à travers une analyse spectrale de la vorticité. L'étude des différents termes du transport de l'intensité turbulente de la vorticité révèle par ailleurs que le pic de production de la vorticité transverse est situé à proximité immédiate de la paroi et pourrait ouvrir la voie à des stratégies de réduction de la traînée basées sur la réduction de la vorticité transverse. Le transport des contraintes de Reynolds dans la couche interne et dans la couche de recouvrement est également étudié. A proximité des parois, la dépendance des termes de transport avec le nombre de Reynolds dans les échelles internes montre que ces dernières ne suffisent pas à caractériser la dynamique des contraintes de Reynolds dans cette zone. Cette insuffisance des échelles internes nous a amenés à nous intéresser plus particulièrement au processus de production à travers les statistiques de la production conditionnées par le passage par niveau des fluctuations de la vitesse normale ou longitudinale. Cette étude nous a permis d'identifier les fluctuations qui contribuent le plus à la production et celles qui sont à l'origine de la dépendance avec le nombre de Reynolds
The direct numerical simulations of a fully turbulent channel flow are investigated to study the large scales effects on the flow quantities such as the Reynolds stresses and vorticity transport processes. Large computational domains are used so as to cover the largest scales of the flow. The simulations are performed in a wide range of Reynolds numbers (Reτ=180, 395, 590 and 1100) going from weakly to moderately high Reynolds number turbulent flows. The invariance of the wall-normal vorticity fluctuations scaled in wall variables in the inner layer versus the Reynolds number is analyzed using a spectral analysis. The vorticity transport equations are investigated in detail, presumably for the first time. The transport mechanism of the Reynolds shear stresses are subsequently analyzed in the inner layer and the overlapping zone. In the wall layer, different terms of the Reynolds stresses transport expressed in inner scales depend on the Reynolds number. This scaling failure lead us to focus on the statistics of the production when the streamwise or normal velocity fluctuations cross a given level, through the conditional Palm statistics. The main aim is to identify those amplitudes of the fluctuations that contribute more to the production and those which are responsible for the production Reynolds dependence
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6

Di, Stasio Jean. "The CD-Lagrange scheme, a robust explicit time-integrator for impact dynamics : A new singular mass formulation, and an extension to deformable-deformable contact." Thesis, Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSEI029.

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Les pneumatiques sont complexes à simuler car les matériaux y sont hétérogènes, incompressibles et non-linéaires. De plus la géométrie descend jusqu’à l’échelle millimétrique pour les sculptures de la bande de roulement, ce qui requiert un maillage fin. Le modèle éléments finis présente donc un grand nombre de degrés de liberté, reliés par des équations non-linéaires. En dynamique, la simulation est d’autant plus compliquée avec des chocs. Néanmoins elle est cruciale dans le processus de conception pneumatique, où elle apporte une meilleur compréhension de la physique ceci sans tests réels. Les schémas explicites rendent possible les simulations de chocs, car ils résolvent facilement les non-linéarités avec un coup calcul bas. Associés à une formulation de contact précise , ils forment des schémas robustes, précis et efficaces pour la dynamique non-linéaire avec impacts. Ce travail vise à choisir et un tel schéma, et l’améliorer pour la simulation de chocs sur pneumatiques.La première partie est un benchmark identifiant le schéma CD-Lagrange. L’intégration temporelle est réalisée par le schéma de la différence centrée, et le contact imposé par multiplicateurs de Lagrange sur la vitesse. Deux possibilités d’amélioration sont identifiées. La première est d’atteindre un impact conservatif, seul instant où le schéma n’est pas symplectique. La seconde amélioration est d’étendre la formulation au contact déformable-déformable.La deuxième partie vise à atteindre la conservation de l’énergie à l’impact en adaptant la méthode de la masse singulière au CD-Lagrange. Une première formulation 1D est construite. Elle démontre une amélioration majeure du bilan d’énergie. Deux formulations 3D sont ensuite explorées.La troisième partie introduit les méthodes mortier dans le CD-Lagrange. Elles permettent de traiter un contact déformable-déformable de manière robuste, même en présence de friction et de grands glissements. Une technique d’accélération est proposée pour résoudre le problème de contact, ceci sans perte de précision
Tyres are complex structures to simulate. The materials are heterogeneous and incompressible with non-linear responses. The geometry goes to the millimetre scales for tread patterns. For a finite elements simulation a precise mesh is then required. The model has then a large number of degrees of freedom and non-linear material laws. In dynamics, the simulation becomes even more challenging especially with impacts. Nevertheless it is crucial in the tire design process because it brings a deeper comprehension of the tire and avoids test on real structures. The explicit time-integration make feasible the impact simulations. They handle easily the non-linearities with a very low computational cost for a time-step. Merged with a precise contact formulation, they form robust, accurate and efficient schemes for addressing impact simulations. This work aims to choose and improve an explicit scheme for non-linear dynamics with impacts. The first part is a benchmark for selecting a scheme and enhance its possibilities of improvement. The selected one is the CD-Lagrange: an explicit scheme based on central difference method, a contact enforcement by Lagrange multipliers, and a contact condition on velocity. Two mains improvements are identified and explored. Firstly, the energy conservation at impact would make the scheme symplectic for deformable bodies. Secondly the formulation must be enlarged to deformable–deformable contact. The second part aims then to achieve the conservation of energy by adapting the singular mass matrix to the CD-Lagrange. The formulation is firstly built in 1D, and shows a major improvement for the energy balance. Then two possible extensions are explored for the 3D cases. The third part presents the CD-Lagrange scheme with a mortar formulation for deformable-deformable contact. It handles with stability and accuracy large sliding and friction. An acceleration technique is proposed for solving the contact problem, without any loss of accuracy
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7

Stauffert, Maxime. "Simulation numérique d'écoulements compressibles complexes par des méthodes de type Lagrange-projection : applications aux équations de Saint-Venant." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV045/document.

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On étudie dans le cadre de la thèse une famille de schémas numériques permettant de résoudre les équations de Saint-Venant. Ces schémas utilisent une décomposition d'opérateur de type Lagrange-projection afin de séparer les ondes de gravité et les ondes de transport. Un traitement implicite du système acoustique (relié aux ondes de gravité) permet aux schémas de rester stable avec de grands pas de temps. La correction des flux de pression rend possible l'obtention d'une solution approchée précise quel que soit le régime d'écoulement vis-à-vis du nombre de Froude. Une attention toute particulière est portée sur le traitement du terme source qui permet la prise en compte de l'influence de la topographie. On obtient notamment la propriété dite équilibre permettant de conserver exactement certains états stationnaires, appelés état du "lac au repos". Des versions 1D et 2D sur maillages non-structurés de ces méthodes ont été étudiées et implémentées dans un cadre volumes finis. Enfin, une extension vers des méthodes ordres élevés Galerkin discontinue a été proposée en 1D avec des limiteurs classiques ainsi que combinée avec une boucle MOOD de limitation a posteriori
In this thesis we study a family of numerical schemes solving the shallow water equations system. These schemes use a Lagrange-projection like splitting operator technique in order to separate the gravity waves and the transport waves. An implicit-explicit treatment of the acoustic system (linked to the gravity waves) allows the schemes to stay stable with large time step. The correction of the pressure fluxes enables the obtain of a precise approximation solution whatever the regime flow is with respect to the Froude number. A particular attention has been paid over the source term treatment which permits to take the topography into account. We especially obtain the so-called well-balanced property giving the exact conservation of some steady states, namely the "lake at rest" state. 1D and 2D versions of this methods have been studied and implemented in the finite volumes framework. Finally, a high order discontinuous Galerkin extension has been proposed in 1D with classical limiters along with a combined MOOD loop a posteriori limiting strategy
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8

Boilevin-Kayl, Ludovic. "Modeling and numerical simulation of implantable cardiovascular devices." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS039.

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Cette thèse, réalisée dans le cadre du projet Mivana, est consacrée à la modélisation et à la simulation numérique de dispositifs cardiaques implantables. Ce projet est mené par les start-up Kephalios et Epygon, concepteurs de solutions chirurgicales non invasives pour le traitement de la régurgitation mitrale. La conception et la simulation de tels dispositifs nécessitent des méthodes numériques efficaces et précises capables de calculer correctement l’hémodynamique cardiaque. C’est le but principal de cette thèse. Dans la première partie, nous décrivons le système cardiovasculaire et les valves cardiaques avant de présenter quelques éléments de théorie concernant la modélisation mathématique de l’hémodynamique cardiaque. En fonction du degré de complexité adopté pour la modélisation des feuillets de la valve, deux approches sont identifiées : le modèle de surfaces résistives immergées et le modèle complet d’interaction fluide-structure. Dans la deuxième partie, nous étudions la première approche qui consiste à combiner une modélisation réduite de la dynamique des valves avec un découplage cinématique de l’hémodynamique cardiaque et de l’électromécanique. Nous l’enrichissons de données physiologiques externes pour la simulation correcte des phases isovolumétriques, pierres angulaires du battement cardiaque, permettant d’obtenir un modèle relativement précis qui évite la complexité des problèmes entièrement couplés. Ensuite, une série d’essais numériques sur des géométries 3D physiologiques, impliquant la régurgitation mitrale et plusieurs configurations de valves immergées, illustre la performance du modèle proposé. Dans la troisième et dernière partie, des modèles complets d’interaction fluide-structure sont considérés. Ce type de modélisation est nécessaire pour étudier des problèmes plus complexes où la précédente approche n’est plus satisfaisante, comme par exemple le prolapsus de la valve mitrale ou la fermeture d’une valve mécanique. D’un point de vue numérique, le développement de méthodes précises et efficaces est indispensable pour pouvoir simuler de tels cas physiologiques. Nous considérons alors une étude numérique complète dans laquelle plusieurs méthodes de maillages non compatibles sont comparées. Puis, nous présentons un nouveau schéma de couplage explicite dans le cadre d’une méthode de type domaine fictif pour lequel la stabilité inconditionnelle au sens de la norme en énergie est démontrée. Plusieurs exemples numériques en 2D sont proposés afin d’illustrer les propriétés et les performances de ce schéma. Enfin, cette méthode est finalement utilisée pour la simulation numérique 2D et 3D de dispositifs cardiovasculaires implantables dans un modèle complet d’interaction fluide-structure
This thesis, taking place in the context of the Mivana project, is devoted to the modeling and to the numerical simulation of implantable cardiovascular devices. This project is led by the start-up companies Kephalios and Epygon, conceptors of minimally invasive surgical solutions for the treatment of mitral regurgitation. The design and the simulation of such devices call for efficient and accurate numerical methods able to correctly compute cardiac hemodynamics. This is the main purpose of this thesis. In the first part, we describe the cardiovascular system and the cardiac valves before presenting some standard material for the mathematical modeling of cardiac hemodynamics. Based on the degree of complexity adopted for the modeling of the valve leaflets, two approaches are identified: the resistive immersed surfaces model and the complete fluidstructure interaction model. In the second part, we investigate the first approach which consists in combining a reduced modeling of the valves dynamics with a kinematic uncoupling of cardiac hemodynamics and electromechanics. We enhance it with external physiological data for the correct simulation of isovolumetric phases, cornerstones of the heartbeat, resulting in a relatively accurate model which avoids the complexity of fully coupled problems. Then, a series of numerical tests on 3D physiological geometries, involving mitral regurgitation and several configurations of immersed valves, illustrates the performance of the proposed model. In the third and final part, complete fluid-structure interaction models are considered. This type of modeling is necessary when investigating more complex problems where the previous approach is no longer satisfactory, such as mitral valve prolapse or the closing of a mechanical valve. From the numerical point of view, the development of accurate and efficient methods is mandatory to be able to compute such physiological cases. We then consider a complete numerical study in which several unfitted meshes methods are compared. Next, we present a new explicit coupling scheme in the context of the fictitious domain method for which the unconditional stability in the energy norm is proved. Several 2D numerical examples are provided to illustrate the properties and the performance of this scheme. Last, this method is finally used for 2D and 3D numerical simulation of implantable cardiovascular devices in a complete fluid-structure interaction framework
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9

Gonzalez-Ramirez, Noemi. "Simulating Flood Propagation in Urban Areas using a Two-Dimensional Numerical Model." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/648.

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A two-dimensional numerical model (RiverFLO-2D) has been enhanced to simulate flooding of urban areas by developing an innovative wet and dry surface algorithm, accounting for variable rainfall, and recoding the model computer program for parallel computing. The model formulation is based on the shallow water equations solved with an explicit time-stepping element-by-element finite element method. The dry-wet surface algorithm is based on a local approximation of the continuity and momentum equations for elements that are completely dry. This algorithm achieves global volume conservation in the finite element, even for flows over complex topographic surfaces. A new module was implemented to account for variable rainfall in space and time using NEXRAD precipitation estimates. The resulting computer code was parallelized using OpenMP Application Program Interface, which allows the model to run up to 5 times faster on multiple core computers. The model was verified with analytical solutions and validated with laboratory and field data. Model application to the Malpasset dam break and Sumacarcel flooding event show that the model accurately predicts flood wave travel times and water depths for these numerically demanding real cases. To illustrate the predictive capability of the enhanced model, an application was made of the city of Sweetwater flooding in Miami-Dade County, FL caused by the Hurricane Irene. The simulation starts with dry bed and rainfall is provided by NEXRAD estimates. Integrating NEXRAD rainfall estimates, developing a novel dry-wet area algorithm and parallelizing RiverFLO-2D code, this dissertation presents a proof of concept to accurately and efficiently predict floods in urban areas, identifying future improvements along this line of research.
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10

Zemzemi, Nejib. "Étude théorique et numérique de l'activité électrique du cœur: Applications aux électrocardiogrammes." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00470375.

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La modélisation du vivant, en particulier la modélisation de l'activité cardiaque, est devenue un défi scientifique majeur. Le but de cette thématique est de mieux comprendre les phénomènes physiologiques et donc d'apporter des solutions à des problèmes cliniques. Nous nous intéressons dans cette thèse à la modélisation et à l'étude numérique de l'activité électrique du cœur, en particulier l'étude des électrocardiogrammes (ECGs). L'onde électrique dans le cœur est gouvernée par un système d'équations de réaction-diffusion appelé modèle bidomaine ce système est couplé à une EDO représentant l'activité cellulaire. Afin simuler des ECGs, nous tenons en compte la propagation de l'onde électrique dans le thorax qui est décrite par une équation de diffusion. Nous commençons par une démonstrer l'existence d'une solution faible du système couplé cœur-thorax pour une classe de modèles ioniques phénoménologiques. Nous prouvons ensuite l'unicité de cette solution sous certaines conditions. Le plus grand apport de cette thèse est l'étude et la simulation numérique du couplage électrique cœur-thorax. Les résultats de simulations sont représentés à l'aide des ECGs. Dans une première partie, nous produisons des simulations pour un cas normal et pour des cas pathologiques (blocs de branche gauche et droit et des arhythmies). Nous étudions également l'impact de certaines hypothèses de modélisation sur les ECGs (couplage faible, utilisation du modèle monodomaine, isotropie, homogénéité cellulaire, comportement résistance-condensateur du péricarde,. . . ). Nous étudions à la fin de cette partie la sensibilité des ECGs par apport aux paramètres du modèle. En deuxième partie, nous effectuons l'analyse numérique de schémas du premier ordre en temps découplant les calculs du potentiel d'action et du potentiel extérieur. Puis, nous combinons ces schémas en temps avec un traîtement explicite du type Robin-Robin des conditions de couplage entre le cœur et le thorax. Nous proposons une analyse de stabilité de ces schémas et nous illustrons les résultats avec des simulations numériques d'ECGs. La dernière partie est consacrée à trois applications. Nous commençons par l'estimation de certains paramètres du modèle (conductivité du thorax et paramètres ioniques). Dans la deuxième application, qui est d'originie industrielle, nous utilisons des méthodes d'apprentissage statistique pour reconstruire des ECGs à partir de mesures ('électrogrammes). Enfin, nous présentons des simulations électro-mécaniques du coeur sur une géométrie réelle dans diverses situations physiologiques et pathologiques. Les indicateurs cliniques, électriques et mécaniques, calculés à partir de ces simulations sont très similaires à ceux observés en réalité.
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Devi, K. "Numerical simulation of free surface flow using lax diffusive explicit scheme." Thesis, 2014. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/6267/1/E-96.pdf.

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In an open channel or overland flow of shallow depth, flood wave propagation is the concept which requires governing equations for its solution. The computation of governing equations (both momentum equation and continuity equations) to be solved are generally called the Saint-Venant equations. These equations are highly nonlinear partial differential equations, the solutions of which are very much complex. Numerical approaches are generally employed to solve these equations and proper discretization with proper selection of grid size and time step provides the results more effectively and accurately. In the present research work the Saint –Venant equations are solved through the lax diffusive explicit finite difference scheme. In this the characteristic equations are simultaneously solved in both boundaries for dynamic wave, which leads to give very accurate result. Two types of downstream boundary conditions were considered together with the condition of discharge hydrograph at upstream end. The physical laws which govern two basic principles in the hydraulics of flow of water are principle of conservation of mass and principle of conservation of momentum. These two laws are of mathematical form generally expressed in partial differential equation form known as Saint-Venant equations. Conversion of these equations into ordinary partial differential equation forms and the simple discretization of this equation by explicit scheme using CFD tool are presented in this paper.
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Bejatovic, Sintia. "Evaluation of Discrete Explicit Filtering for an Approximate Deconvolution Approach to LES." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/27324.

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In the study of computational turbulence, the success of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is largely determined by the quality of the sub-filter scale (SFS) model and the properties of the filter used to introduce resolved and unresolved length scales. Explicit filters are desirable so that better control over the filter may be achieved, and filter operator errors can be then controlled to a desired order of accuracy. One large advantage to using an explicit filter is that the mathematical definition of the filter may be exploited when considering various SFS models or even different LES techniques. Approximate deconvolution is a technique used in LES, which performs an inverse filtering operation to partly restore the original unfiltered solution. The discrete explicit filtering technique will be used to perform the deconvolution, and numerical results will show how the approximate solution may be used to perform LES.
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Hashino, Tempei. "Explicit simulation of ice particle habits in a numerical weather prediction model." 2007. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.

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Elekaei, Behjati Hamideh. "Study of immiscible liquid-liquid microfluidic flow using SPH-based explicit numerical simulation." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/102887.

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Microfluidic devices are utilized in a wide range of applications, including micro-electromechanical devices, drug delivery, biological diagnostics and micro-fuel cell systems. Of particular interest here are liquid-liquid microfluidic systems; which are used in drug discovery, food and oil industry amongst others. Increased understanding of the fundamentals of flows in such devices and an improved capacity to design them can come from modelling. In the case of liquid-liquid flows in microfluidic systems, it is necessary to explicitly model the behaviour of the individual liquid phases. Such explicit numerical simulation (ENS) as it is termed requires advanced numerical methods that are able to evaluate flow involving multiple deforming fluid domains within often complex boundaries. Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), a Lagrangian meshless method, is particularly suitable for such problems. This use of a CFD allows determination of parameters that are difficult to determine experimentally because of the challenges faced in microfabrication. The study reported in this thesis addresses these concerns through development of a new SPH-based model to correctly capture the immiscible liquid-liquid interfaces in general and for a microfluidic hydrodynamic focusing system in particular. The model includes surface tension to enforce immiscibility between different liquids based on a new immiscibility model, enforces strict incompressibility, and allows for arbitrary fluid constitutive models. This work presents a detailed study on the effects of various flow parameters including flowrate ratio, viscosity ratio and capillary number of each liquid phase, and geometry characteristics such as channel size, width ratio, and the angle between the inlet main and side channels on the flow dynamics and topological changes of the multiphase microfluidic system. According to our findings, both flowrate quantity and flowrate ratio affect the droplet length in the dripping regime and a large viscosity ratio imposes an increase in the flowrate of the continuous phase with the same capillary number of the dispersed phase to attain dripping regime in the outlet channel. Also, increasing the side channel width causes longer droplets, and the right-angled design makes the most efficient focusing behaviour. This study will provide great insights in designing microfluidic devices involving immiscible liquid-liquid flows.
Thesis (Ph.D.) (Research by Publication) -- University of Adelaide, School of Chemical Engineering, 2016.
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15

Pottas, Johannes. "A numerical investigation of the crashworthiness of a composite glider cockpit / J.J. Pottas." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15921.

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Finite element analysis with explicit time integration is widely used in commercial crash solvers to accurately simulate transient structural problems involving large-deformation and nonlinearity. Technological advances in computer software and hardware have expanded the boundaries of computational expense, allowing designers to analyse increasingly complex structures on desktop computers. This dissertation is a review of the use of finite element analysis for crash simulation, the principles of crashworthy design and a practical application of these methods and principles in the development of a concept energy absorber for a sailplane. Explicit nonlinear finite element analysis was used to do crash simulations of the glass, carbon and aramid fibre cockpit during the development of concept absorbers. The SOL700 solution sequence in MSC Nastran, which invokes the LS-Dyna solver for structural solution, was used. Single finite elements with Hughes-Liu shell formulation were loaded to failure in pure tension and compression and validated against material properties. Further, a simple composite crash box in a mass drop experiment was simulated and compared to experimental results. FEA was used for various crash simulations of the JS1 sailplane cockpit to determine its crashworthiness. Then, variants of a concept energy absorber with cellular aluminium sandwich construction were simulated. Two more variants constructed only of fibre-laminate materials were modelled for comparison. Energy absorption and specific energy absorption were analysed over the first 515 mm of crushing. Simulation results indicate that the existing JS1 cockpit is able to absorb energy through progressive crushing of the frontal structure without collapse of the main cockpit volume. Simulated energy absorption over the first 515 mm was improved from 2232 J for the existing structure, to 9 363 J by the addition of an energy absorber. Specific energy absorption during the simulation was increased from 1063 J/kg to 2035 J/kg.
MIng (Mechanical Engineering), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
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16

Wang, Chi-Fong, and 王啟峰. "Numerical Simulations for RC Beams by the Explicit Finite Element Method." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13157780720595085985.

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碩士
國立中央大學
土木工程研究所
87
In this thesis, a computer code is developed for 2D numerical simulations of reinforced concrete beams by the explicit finite element method (FEM). The material non-linearity of the concrete and the reinforcement are considered into the analysis. Besides, the bonding and sliding behaviors between the reinforcement and the concrete are modeled by using the so called "linkage element". Releasing the connecting nodes between neighboring elements is used to simulate the cracking behavior of concrete, once a failure criterion was satisfied. The main benefit of applying the explicit finite element method to conduct the analysis is the avoidance of solving large simultaneous equation. Then, it can save much storage space and some complex process, which is required by the implicit FEM. In order to simulate the process of the real test of RC beams, a displacement control algorithm is written into the explicit finite element code. Four examples were studied to evaluate the performance of this newly developed RC structural analysis program. Through the study, it is found that the time step size of the explicit FEM is coupled with the element size and the material stiffness. For the displacement control algorithm, the size of displacement increment is also a critical factor for the convergence of the simulation.
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17

Sarwar, Md Mahfuz. "On linking the filter width to the boundary layer thickness in explicitly filtered large eddy simulations of wall bounded flows." Thesis, 2016. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/32887/.

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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based three-dimensional predictive fire models are increasingly used for predicting fire growth and spread. The models provide information to fire safety engineers for designing fire protection systems in buildings. Although currently limited, in a generation CFD-based models are expected to be used by emergency organisations to obtain similar information during bushfires under a wide range of topographies, climates and types of vegetation for their resource allocation planning. To increase their accuracy, most promising CFD-based models are embedded with pyrolysis sub-models along with large eddy simulation (LES) schemes to account for turbulence. The fundamental idea of LES is to resolve the large energy containing eddies, and use sub-grid scale (SGS) model to simulate the effect of energy dissipation by small scale eddies on large eddies.
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