Journal articles: 'Expiratory muscle strength training'

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Chiara, T., D. Martin, and C. Sapienza. "Expiratory Muscle Strength Training." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 21, no. 3 (March 9, 2007): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545968306294737.

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DePalo, Vera A., Annie Lin Parker, Fadi Al-Bilbeisi, and F. Dennis McCool. "Respiratory muscle strength training with nonrespiratory maneuvers." Journal of Applied Physiology 96, no. 2 (February 2004): 731–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00511.2003.

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The diaphragm and abdominal muscles can be recruited during nonrespiratory maneuvers. With these maneuvers, transdiaphragmatic pressures are elevated to levels that could potentially provide a strength-training stimulus. To determine whether repeated forceful nonrespiratory maneuvers strengthen the diaphragm, four healthy subjects performed sit-ups and biceps curls 3-4 days/wk for 16 wk and four subjects served as controls. The maximal transdiaphragmatic pressure was measured at baseline and after 16 wk of training. Maximum static inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressures and diaphragm thickness derived from ultrasound were measured at baseline and 8 and 16 wk. After training, there were significant increases in diaphragm thickness [2.5 ± 0.1 to 3.2 ± 0.1 mm (mean ± SD) ( P < 0.001)], maximal transdiaphragmatic pressure [198 ± 21 to 256 ± 23 cmH2O ( P < 0.02)], maximum static inspiratory pressure [134 ± 22 to 171 ± 16 cmH2O ( P < 0.002)], maximum static expiratory pressure [195 ± 20 to 267 ± 40 cmH2O ( P < 0.002)], and maximum gastric pressure [161 ± 5 to 212 ± 40 cmH2O ( P < 0.03)]. These parameters were unchanged in the control group. We conclude that nonrespiratory maneuvers can strengthen the inspiratory and expiratory muscles in healthy individuals. Because diaphragm thickness increased with training, the increase in maximal pressures is unlikely due to a learning effect.

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Abidi, Sirine, Amine Ghram, Sameh Ghroubi, Said Ahmaidi, Mohamed Habib Elleuch, Olivier Girard, Theodoros Papasavvas, et al. "Impact of Urinary Incontinence on Physical Function and Respiratory Muscle Strength in Incontinent Women: A Comparative Study between Urinary Incontinent and Apparently Healthy Women." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 24 (December 10, 2022): 7344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11247344.

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Patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) may be afraid to increase intra-abdominal pressure to avoid incontinence. This could lead to weak expiratory muscles. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between respiratory muscle strength, physical function, and SUI in patients with SUI. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Physical Medicine and Functional Rehabilitation Department. Thirty-one incontinent women (IG) and twenty-nine women in a control group (CG) were enrolled in this study. Anthropometric data, respiratory muscle strength (maximal inspiratory pressure; maximal expiratory pressure), SUI (Urogenital Distress Inventory-6; Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7; Pad test), and physical function (waist circumference; timed-up-and-go test; abdominal muscle strength) were assessed. Body fat, body mass index, body weight, and waist circumference were higher in IG than CG (p < 0.01), while postural gait and abdominal muscles were lower (p < 0.001). Respiratory muscle strength displayed moderate correlations with SUI severity, especially for maximal expiratory pressure (p < 0.01). Maximal expiratory pressure was moderately associated with physical function. Deterioration in respiratory muscle strength is a characteristic of women with SUI. In this population, pelvic floor muscle training may be prescribed to improve continence. By feeling more confident about increasing intra-abdominal pressure, women with SUI would strengthen their expiratory muscles and eventually improve their physical function.

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Yanagisawa, Yukio, Yoshimi Matsuo, Hisato Shuntoh, and Noriaki Horiuchi. "Effect of Expiratory Resistive Loading in Expiratory Muscle Strength Training on Orbicularis Oris Muscle Activity." Journal of Physical Therapy Science 26, no. 2 (2014): 259–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.26.259.

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Cerny, F., R. Loeffler, A. Stull, and H. Burton. "316 DOES ABDOMINAL MUSCLE TRAINING IMPROVE EXPIRATORY MUSCLE STRENGTH OR ENDURANCE?" Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 22, no. 2 (April 1990): S53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199004000-00316.

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Darling-White, Meghan, and Jessica E. Huber. "The Impact of Expiratory Muscle Strength Training on Speech Breathing in Individuals With Parkinson's Disease: A Preliminary Study." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 26, no. 4 (November 8, 2017): 1159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2017_ajslp-16-0132.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the impact of expiratory muscle strength training on speech breathing and functional speech outcomes in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodTwelve individuals with PD were seen once a week for 8 weeks: 4 pretraining (baseline) sessions followed by a 4-week training period. Posttraining data were collected at the end of the 4th week of training. Maximum expiratory pressure, an indicator of expiratory muscle strength, and lung volume at speech initiation were the primary outcome measures. Secondary outcomes included lung volume at speech termination, lung volume excursion, utterance length, and vocal intensity. Data were collected during a spontaneous speech sample. Individual effect sizes > 1 were considered significant.ResultsMaximum expiratory pressure increased in a majority of participants after training. Training resulted in 2 main respiratory patterns: increasing or decreasing lung volume initiation. Lung volume termination and excursion, utterance length, and vocal loudness were not consistently altered by training.ConclusionsPreliminary evidence suggests that the direct physiologic intervention of the respiratory system via expiratory muscle strength training improves speech breathing in individuals with PD, with participants using more typical lung volumes for speech following treatment.

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Huff, Alyssa, Alyssa Brown, Barbara K. Smith, and Teresa Pitts. "Mechanisms for Successful Rehabilitation of Cough in Parkinson's Disease Using Expiratory Muscle Strength Training." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 2, no. 13 (January 2017): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/persp2.sig13.93.

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Rehabilitation of cough is now moving under the purview of speech-language pathology as our understanding of the relationship between disorders of cough and swallow increases. The purpose of this review is to provide a guide in understanding the mechanisms of weak or disordered cough in Parkinson's disease, and mechanisms for why expiratory muscle strength training is an effective therapy. Additionally, this review provides resources for performing clinical evaluations of maximum expiratory pressure and dosage information for expiratory muscle strength training.

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Gayathiri, T., and D. Anandhi. "Efficacy of Incentive Spirometry in Expiratory Muscle Training Following Abdominal Surgery." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 14, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2131.

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BACKGROUND: Incentive spirometry is a device which helps in the improvement of lung function after abdominal surgery. It motivates the patients by giving visual feedback about their lung volumes. It is one of the less expensive and user-friendlydevices. Incentive spirometry facilitates the patients to take slow deep breath and there by producing a sustained maximal inspiration (SMI) that mainly helps in the prevention of atelectasis. But it is a common practice for physiotherapists to teach the patients to do expiratory exercise by reversing the incentive spirometer. The simplest way to measure the maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures is by respiratory pressure meter in cmH2o. OBJECTIVE: To find out the efficacy of incentive spirometer in improving the expiratory muscle strength following abdominal surgery. METHODOLOGY: Quasi-Experimental study. PROCEDURE: 30 subjects were conveniently selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and allotted to group A (n=15) and group B (n= 15). Both groups were trained for inspiratory muscle and group A was also trained for expiratory muscle using incentive spirometry. OUTCOME MEASURES: Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), Maximal expiratory pressure (MEP). RESULT: This study shows that the mean MIP value have improved from 2nd to 7th postoperative day, but it is not statistically significant (P>0.05). The mean MEP values shows statistically significant (P<0.05) improvement from second to 7th postoperative day in group A when compared to group B. CONCLUSION:This study concludes that there is significant improvement in the expiratory muscle strength along with inspiratory muscle strength by training with the Incentive spirometry in the upside down and upright positions respectively.

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Prandi, Marcos Vinicios Ribeiro, Marcelo Palinkas, Veridiana Wanshi Arnoni, Guilherme Gallo Costa Gomes, Adriana Wanshi Silva, Saulo Cesar Vallin Fabrin, Isabela Hallak Regalo, Selma Siéssere, and Simone Cecilio Hallak Regalo. "Respiratory performance and occlusal strength of soccer players: an approach after training and detraining during the lockdown due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)." Polish Journal of Sports Medicine 37, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6267.

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Background. The aim of the study was evaluate the strength of the respiratory muscles, bite force, and occlusal force distribution of professional soccer players after training and detraining resulting from the lockdown that occurred during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Material and methods. Twelve male soccer players (age, 19-34 years) were subjected to respiratory muscle strength analysis by examining the maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, maximum molar bite force (right and left sides), and occlusal force distribution of the first permanent molars. Comparisons of variables after training and detraining were analyzed using the paired-sample t-test (p < 0.05), and the correlation between respiratory variables was measured using the Pearson test (p < 0.05). Results. There were no significant differences in the bite force and occlusal force distributions after training and detraining. The correlation results showed moderate positivity between the maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures during the training period. Conclusions. The results suggest that when soccer players strengthen the inspiratory muscles, they also strengthen the expiratory muscles and that detraining does not impact the athlete's organic function, especially the respiratory muscle function and the forces of the occlusal contact of the first permanent molars.

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Awad, Kamal M., Aamir Magzoub, Omer Elbedri, and Omer Musa. "Effect of physical training on lung function and respiratory muscles strength in policewomen trainees." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 6 (May 27, 2017): 2516. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20172439.

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Background: Measurement of respiratory muscles strength has not been widely investigated in the context of physical training.Methods: This cross-sectional study has assessed pulmonary function and strength of respiratory muscles in two women groups: group I includes healthy policewomen (n=28) exposed to physical training 3 hours daily for at least 2 years and group II is a matched control group (n=31) of untrained apparently healthy second year medical students. Lung function tests including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) were performed using a digital spirometer and maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP and MEP) as indicators for respiratory muscle strength were measured using a digital respiratory pressure meter.Results: The mean FVC (L), FEV1 (L), PEF (L/min) values were significantly higher in the police-trained group (p=0.000, 0.000 and 0.003 respectively). Similarly, the mean MIP and MEP (cm/H2O) values were significantly higher among trained group (p=0.000 and 0.003 respectively).Conclusions: Long-term regular physical exercise improves lung function as well as respiratory muscle power and may delay the age-related decline in lung function.

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Zeren, Melih, Rengin Demir, Zerrin Yigit, and Hulya N. Gurses. "Effects of inspiratory muscle training on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity in patients with atrial fibrillation: a randomized controlled trial." Clinical Rehabilitation 30, no. 12 (July 10, 2016): 1165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269215515628038.

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Objective: To investigate the effects of inspiratory muscle training on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity in patients with atrial fibrillation. Design: Prospective randomized controlled single-blind study. Setting: Cardiology department of a university hospital. Subjects: A total of 38 patients with permanent atrial fibrillation were randomly allocated to either a treatment group ( n = 19; age 66.2 years (8.8)) or a control group ( n = 19; age 67.1 years (6.4)). Methods: The training group received inspiratory muscle training at 30% of maximal inspiratory pressure for 15 minutes twice a day, 7 days a week, for 12 weeks alongside the standard medical treatment. The control group received standard medical treatment only. Spirometry, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures and 6-minute walking distance was measured at the beginning and end of the study. Results: There was a significant increase in maximal inspiratory pressure (27.94 cmH2O (8.90)), maximal expiratory pressure (24.53 cmH2O (10.34)), forced vital capacity (10.29% (8.18) predicted), forced expiratory volume in one second (13.88% (13.42) predicted), forced expiratory flow 25%–75% (14.82% (12.44) predicted), peak expiratory flow (19.82% (15.62) predicted) and 6-minute walking distance (55.53 m (14.13)) in the training group ( p < 0.01). No significant changes occurred in the control group ( p > 0.05). Conclusion: Inspiratory muscle training can improve pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity in patients with atrial fibrillation.

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Laciuga, Helena, John C. Rosenbek, Paul W. Davenport, and Christine M. Sapienza. "Functional outcomes associated with expiratory muscle strength training: Narrative review." Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development 51, no. 4 (2014): 535–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/jrrd.2013.03.0076.

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Troche, Michelle S., John C. Rosenbek, Michael S. Okun, and Christine M. Sapienza. "Detraining outcomes with expiratory muscle strength training in Parkinson disease." Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development 51, no. 2 (2014): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/jrrd.2013.05.0101.

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Kim, Jaeock, Paul Davenport, and Christine Sapienza. "Effect of expiratory muscle strength training on elderly cough function." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 48, no. 3 (May 2009): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2008.03.006.

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Neves, L. F., M. H. Reis, R. D. Plentz, D. L. Matte, C. C. Coronel, and G. Sbruzzi. "Expiratory and Expiratory Plus Inspiratory Muscle Training Improves Respiratory Muscle Strength in Subjects With COPD: Systematic Review." Respiratory Care 59, no. 9 (April 29, 2014): 1381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4187/respcare.02793.

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Cabrita, Bruno, Sara Dias, Ana Luisa Fernandes, Sílvia Correia, Graciete Teixeira, Zita Camilo, and Paula Simão. "The effects of inspiratory muscle training in adults with muscular dystrophy." International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 29, no. 6 (June 2, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ijtr.2021.0008.

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Background/Aims Patients with muscular dystrophy usually have impaired lung function and respiratory muscle strength, leading to pneumonia and respiratory failure, which are significant causes of morbidity and mortality. Inspiratory muscle training might be a safe adjunct treatment to increase the strength and endurance of weakened respiratory muscles. The researchers have developed a new protocol for inspiratory muscle training and evaluated its effect on inspiratory muscle strength and coughing capacity. Methods A total of 12 participants diagnosed with muscle dystrophy and decreased maximal inspiratory pressure (<60 cmH2O) participated in this prospective study. Training was individually tailored, starting with low resistance levels and progressing according to tolerance and symptoms. The primary outcome measure was maximal inspiratory pressure. Secondary outcomes were maximal expiratory pressure, peak cough flow and the feasibility of the intervention. Results There were two participants who did not complete the study, and three were lost to follow-up; therefore, only seven patients finished the intervention. In these patients, the authors found a statistically significant improvement in the maximal inspiratory pressure (P=0.018) and peak cough flow (P=0.046) after 3 months of training. There was also an improvement in the maximal expiratory pressure, although this was not statistically significant (P=0.176). Median compliance to training was 99% (94.5–100). Conclusions This intervention led to statistically significant improvements in inspiratory muscles strength and coughing capacity in patients with muscular dystrophy. The results were significantly positive and contribute to the evidence in support of this underused, yet possibly beneficial, treatment, although larger randomised controlled trials are required to verify this.

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Cebrià i Iranzo, Maria À., Mercè Balasch-Bernat, María Á. Tortosa-Chuliá, and Sebastià Balasch-Parisi. "Effects of Resistance Training of Peripheral Muscles Versus Respiratory Muscles in Older Adults With Sarcopenia Who are Institutionalized: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 26, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 637–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2017-0268.

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This study compares the effects of two resistance training programs in peripheral and respiratory musculature on muscle mass and strength and physical performance and identifies the appropriate muscle mass parameter for assessing the intervention effects. Thirty-seven institutionalized older Spanish adults with sarcopenia were analyzed: control group (n = 17), respiratory muscle training group (n = 9), and peripheral muscle training group (n = 11). Measured outcomes were appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM/height2, ASM/weight, and ASM/BMI), isometric knee extension, arm flexion and handgrip strength, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, and gait speed pre- and postintervention. Trained groups participated in a 12-week program and improved in maximum static inspiratory pressure, maximum static expiratory pressure, knee extension, and arm flexion (p < .05), whereas nonsignificant changes were found in gait speed and ASM indexes pre- and postintervention in the three groups. In conclusion, resistance training improved skeletal muscle strength in the studied population, and any ASM index was found to be appropriate for detecting changes after physical interventions.

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Tozim, Beatriz Mendes, and Marcelo Tavella Navega. "Efeito do método pilates na força dos músculos inspiratórios e expiratórios em idosos." Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance 20, no. 1 (March 14, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2018v20n1p1.

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With aging, the respiratory muscle strength decreases and the pilates method is a technique that uses respiration as one of its principles. The present study has the aim of analyzing the influence of the pilates method on respiratory muscle strength in older women. For the evaluation of respiratory muscle strength (inspiratory and expiratory), manovacuometer was used. Thirty-one older women were divided into two groups: 14 participated in the pilates group and 17 in the control group. Participants of the pilates group performed 16 sessions of pilates method with an hour of training, twice week for eight weeks. The control group participated in four educational lectures for eight weeks. For statistical analysis, Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA for repeated measures (p <0.05) and Cohen’s D index were performed. The results showed significant difference and the mean effect for the Cohen’s D index expiratory muscle strength of the pilates group when comparing before (69.71 ± 25.48) and after (85.23 ± 22.21) training (p<0.05) with an increase of 23%. The results of inspiratory muscle strength were not significant but presented an average effect for the Cohen’s D index for the pilates group before (69.71 ± 35.46) and after (88.00 ± 34.87) training, with an increase of 27%. The control group did not present significant differences for the variables evaluated. It could be concluded that the pilates method is effective in improving expiratory muscle strength and provides positive effects on the increase in inspiratory muscle strength.

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Adeogun Abiodun, A., and K. Umar Dolapo. "Comparative efficacy of inspiratory, expiratory and combined respiratory muscle training on the pulmonary functions and chest expansion in acute stroke survivors." Journal of Novel Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation 5, no. 2 (July 16, 2021): 010–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.jnpr.1001040.

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Background: Respiratory muscle strength can be reduced in patients diagnosed with stroke, which reasonably justifies the use of respiratory muscle training in this population. This study determines the comparative efficacy of inspiratory, expiratory, and combined respiratory muscle training on the pulmonary functions and chest expansion in acute stroke survivors. Method: Forty-five acute stroke survivors (15 in each group) completed all protocols of the study. Participants were randomly assigned to any one of three groups. In addition to the conventional exercise therapy, participants received any one of the three respiratory muscle training protocols (inspiratory muscle training, expiratory muscle training or combined respiratory muscle training). Chest expansion was assessed using tape measure and pulmonary function parameters were assessed using a spirometer. Results: Paired t-test analysis showed significant improvements in the chest expansion and the pulmonary function parameters following training in each group. One-way ANOVA showed significant improvements in the pulmonary function parameters across the three groups but not in the chest expansion with p - value = 0.405. Least significant difference (LSD), post-hoc analysis shows that the significant difference for FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC lies between inspiratory muscle training group and expiratory muscle training group. Conclusion: When the three training methods were compared, it was found that expiratory muscle training was the most beneficial in improving the pulmonary functions and chest expansion in acute stroke survivors.

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Sousa, Clóvis Arlindo de, and Antonio Jose Muller. "Analysis of Respiratory Muscle Training in Basketball Athletes from APAB Blumenau." Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes 27, no. 287 (April 10, 2022): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.46642/efd.v27i287.2891.

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The present study has as main objective to analyze the effects of respiratory muscle training on pulmonary function of basketball players in the city of Blumenau-SC. Respiratory muscle training (RMT) improves strength and endurance, and consequently improves athlete performance. However, few studies have analyzed the effects of RMT on the pulmonary function of athletes, especially in non-aquatic sports. Participating in the sample were 10 male athletes, between 19 and 26 years old, mean age of 23 years old, of the basketball team of the Association of Parents and Friends of Basketball (APAB). They were evaluated before and after the RMT application through a Clement Clarke brand One Flow portable digital spirometer. RMT was performed two to four times a week for eight weeks, totaling 16 sessions. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the RMT in basketball athletes presented a significant increase in the pulmonary function assessed by the Expiratory Flow Peak (EFP). Because EFP is related to expiratory force, training has proven to be very effective on expiratory muscles. However, it had no effect on the Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) variables.

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Gounden, P. "Progressive resistive loading on accessory expiratory muscles in tetraplegia." South African Journal of Physiotherapy 46, no. 4 (November 30, 1990): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajp.v46i4.778.

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To investigate the effects of progressive resistive loading on accessory expiratory muscles in tetraplegia, 40 such patients undergoing standard pulmonary rehabilitation were randomly assigned to control (n = 20) and experimental (n = 20) groups. In total there were 8 women and 32 men with an average age of 31 years. Their lesions were between the fifth and eighth cervical segments. The majority of the patients sustained their injury during motor vehicle accidents.Prior to training, measurements of maximum expiratory mouth pressure and vital capacity were obtained from each group. The experimental group underwent eight weeks of training. The training involved the use of the PFLEX muscle trainer which allowed the patient to expire against a predetermined resistance. The initial resistive load was set at a level equivalent to 60 percent of the patient’s maximum expiratory mouth pressure. Each subject was required to train for half an hour each day for six days a week. The resistive load was increased at two weekly intervals to ensure optimal loading throughout the training period the control group was excluded from any form of strenuous training but continued with the standard pulmonary care which involved conventional breathing exercises and assistance in coughing.The eight weeklong course of progressive resistive loading on accessory expiratory muscle showed a significant improvement in mean vital capacity from 1.48 L to 1.98 L (p = 0.0001) and a dramatic improvement in mean expiratory muscle strength from 43.76 cmH20 to 68 cmH2o) (p = 0.0001). Comparison of the values in the control group which were obtained eight weeks apart, showed no significant changes.The present finding that expiratory muscle strength in tetraplegics can be improved with specific training has important therapeutic implications. The increased PEmax should enable these subjects to generate higher intrathoracic pressure swings during coughing.Long term controlled studies should now be performed to determine the effects of this procedure on the clearance of bronchial secretions in such subjects.

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Nusdwinuringtyas, Nury, and Siti Chandra Widjanantie. "Expiration Training Maneuver for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Congestive Heart Failure Grade II: A Case Report." Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 7, no. 01 (June 1, 2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36803/ijpmr.v7i01.131.

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Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) was characteristic by the inflammatory process in the airway which causes air trapping and hyperinflation, then followed by decreasing the respiratory muscle strength. Breathing training using the positive expiratory pressure (PEP) increasing respiratory muscle strength.Methods: A case presentation of a male, age was 60 years old diagnosed as COPD by The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grade 4 group D, and Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) grade II, with complication of excessive phlegm, underweight, and weakness of respiratory muscle, have PEP for 8 weeks.Results: Spirometry evaluation before and after eight week of PEP have found; FEV1 22.12 and 22.42%, FVC 34.24 and 56%, FEV1/FVC 76.8 and 64%. Respiratory muscle strength before and after PEP showed the Muscle Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) 46 and 71 cmH2O, Muscle Expiratory Pressure (MEP) 48 and 104 cmH2O.The values of Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT) evaluation by BORG modified scale before and after PEP were 11 and 13 ( efforts), 2 and 3 (dyspnea), 0 and 1 (Leg Fatigue). The six-minute walking distance (6MWD) before and after PED were 170 and 190 m, equation reference with Nury’s formula showed percentage prediction before and after PEP respectively 29.2 and 32%, VO2Max; 4.96 and 6L, METs; 1.41 and 1.7. The St GeorgeRespiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) before and after PEP were 20.6 and 49.5% (symptom), 86.6 and 45.1% (activity), 45.5 and 18.4% (impact) and 53.6 and 42% for total.Conclusion: Positive airway pressure exercise had beneficial effect on reducing air-trapping process in COPD and increasing the respiratory muscle strength for both expiratory and inspiratory muscle strength.Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, positive expiratory pressure device, respiratory muscle strength, six minutes walking distance

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Fry, Donna, and Toni Chiara. "Pulmonary Dysfunction, Assessment, and Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis." International Journal of MS Care 12, no. 3 (January 1, 2010): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073-12.3.97.

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Pulmonary muscle weakness is a symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) that begins early in the disease process, although it is often not recognized by health-care providers until later stages. Standard pulmonary function tests are not effective in detecting this reduction in pulmonary muscle strength. Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures are indirect measures of pulmonary muscle strength that are effective in detecting early changes. Once detected, pulmonary muscle weakness is effectively treated with pressure threshold load inspiratory and expiratory muscle exercises that can be implemented using inexpensive handheld pressure threshold load muscle training devices. These exercises require little time and are effective in patients with any level of disability.

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He, Yi, Chen Zhao, and Yong Liu. "Effects of respiratory muscle training on cough function in neurological disorders: A systematic review with meta-analysis." NeuroRehabilitation 48, no. 4 (June 16, 2021): 441–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-210017.

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BACKGROUND: Patients with neurological disorders can present the weakness of respiratory muscle and impaired cough function. Previous studies have shown that respiratory muscle strength training (RMT) is an effective method of improving the strength of respiratory muscle. The effects of RMT on cough function remain controversial. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to analyze randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of RMT on cough function of patients with neurological disorders. METHODS: Pubmed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched electronically for RCTs. Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and quality assessment. Data were analyzed by using RevMan 5.3 software of The Cochrane Collaboration. RESULTS: Five studies with 185 participants were included. The mean PEDro score was 6.2 (range 5 to 7), showing moderate methodological quality. Random-effects meta-analyses showed that respiratory muscle training improved peak expiratory cough flow of voluntary cough by 2.16 (95% CI 1.16 to 3.17) and involuntary cough by 2.84 (95% CI 1.29 to 4.39), with statistical significance (P < 0.0001, P = 0.0003). The experimental group had an improvement of 0.19 cmH2O (95% CI –0.12 to 0.5) on the maximal inspiratory pressure, 0.09 cmH2O (95% CI –0.23 to 0.42) on the maximal expiratory pressure, but with no statistical significance (P = 0.23, P = 0.58) between groups. CONCLUSION: Respiratory muscle training was considered as an effective method for improving cough function. However, this review was insufficient to conclude whether respiratory muscle training was effective in improving inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength, this was opposite with previous meta-analysis. These effects might due to the small samples and different diseases.

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Manoharan, Vengata Subramani, Ramani Subramaniyam, Siti Nurziehan Mohd Nawi, and Sandheep Sugathan. "Impact of External Oblique Muscle Training on Ultrasonography and Spirometry Parameters Among Elderly Population." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 12, no. 04 (November 16, 2019): 1749–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1804.

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A progressive, generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and associated deterioration in muscle strength and performance increases with age. Aging affect the respiratory muscle performance on respiratory system due to anatomical and physiological changes in muscle strength as well as thickness of the respiratory muscles. During resting breathing the limitation of movement is more evident in expiration than inspiration were the FEV1/FVC% falls in older people. There are lot of study on peripheral muscle thickness and muscle torque among elderly population, but not much study on respiratory muscle training. This made us to conduct a study on pulmonary function and muscle thickness in elderly population by training the expiratory muscles. To determine the effects of external oblique muscle training on pulmonary function and muscle thickness in elderly population. 60 geriatric voluntary subjects were assigned to experimental and control group as (n=30) each. Experimental group subjected to 16 weeks of external oblique strengthening along with incentive spirometer training. Control group subjected to incentive spirometer alone. Pre and post training muscle thickness and pulmonary parameters were assessed. The paired t test found there is significant difference (P<0.05) between pre and post training muscle thickness and pulmonary parameters in experimental group. We recommend that resistance training, not only maintain the muscle thickness also improve the muscle thickness and pulmonary parameters among elderly population.

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Human, Anri, Engela Honey, and Brenda Morrow. "Inspiratory muscle training in severe spinal muscular atrophy: a case report." International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 26, no. 4 (April 2, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ijtr.2017.0108.

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Background/Aims Inspiratory muscle training aims to preserve or improve respiratory muscle strength in children with neuromuscular diseases in order to prevent or minimise pulmonary morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of inspiratory muscle training on clinical outcomes and health-related quality of life in a child with advanced neuromuscular disease and severe pulmonary restriction. Methods A one patient pre-test post-test study design was implemented. General function, spirometry, peak expiratory cough flow and health-related quality of life were measured at baseline and after a 6-week inspiratory muscle training programme. Inspiratory muscle strength (maximal inspiratory mouth pressure and sniff nasal inspiratory pressure) was measured every 2 weeks. The patient used a tapered flow threshold inspiratory training device (POWERbreathe K3) at an intensity of ± 30% of maximal inspiratory mouth pressure twice a day, 5 days per week. Findings The non-ambulatory 10-year-old girl with type 2 spinal muscular atrophy initially had a forced vital capacity of 18% predicted and peak expiratory cough flow of 60 litres/minute. A substantial improvement was seen in inspiratory muscle strength between baseline and 4 weeks. Patient health-related quality of life improved and patient satisfaction was high, with a score of 9/10. The patient developed a lower respiratory tract infection towards the end of the inspiratory muscle training period. No other adverse events occurred. Conclusions Improved inspiratory muscle strength and health-related quality of life was associated with inspiratory muscle training in a child with advanced spinal muscular atrophy. Controlled clinical trials are recommended to determine the safety and efficacy of inspiratory muscle training in children with advanced spinal muscular atrophy and severe respiratory muscle weakness to inform clinical practice.

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Kim, Jaeock, and Christine M. Sapienza. "Implications of expiratory muscle strength training for rehabilitation of the elderly: Tutorial." Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development 42, no. 2 (2005): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/jrrd.2004.07.0077.

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Claus, Inga, Paul Muhle, Judith Czechowski, Sigrid Ahring, Bendix Labeit, Sonja Suntrup‐Krueger, Heinz Wiendl, Rainer Dziewas, and Tobias Warnecke. "Expiratory Muscle Strength Training for Therapy of Pharyngeal Dysphagia in Parkinson's Disease." Movement Disorders 36, no. 8 (March 2, 2021): 1815–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mds.28552.

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Hutcheson, Katherine A., Michael J. Hammer, Sarah P. Rosen, Corinne A. Jones, and Timothy M. McCulloch. "Expiratory muscle strength training evaluated with simultaneous high-resolution manometry and electromyography." Laryngoscope 127, no. 4 (January 13, 2017): 797–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.26397.

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Rodríguez, Miguel Ángel, Irene Crespo, Miguel del Valle, and Hugo Olmedillas. "Should respiratory muscle training be part of the treatment of Parkinson’s disease? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials." Clinical Rehabilitation 34, no. 4 (December 26, 2019): 429–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269215519896054.

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Objective: To determine the effectiveness of respiratory muscle training in persons with Parkinson’s disease. Data sources: PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and PEDro electronic databases were searched until 15 November 2019. Reference lists of included studies were hand-searched. Methods: Randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of respiratory muscle training programmes (both inspiratory and expiratory) in patients with Parkinson’s disease were included. Two reviewers independently identified eligible studies and extracted data. Method quality was appraised with the PEDro scale. Results: Five papers including three randomized controlled trials with a total of 111 patients were identified. Method appraisal showed a mean score of 5 in the PEDro scale. One study analysed inspiratory muscle training, one expiratory muscle training and two established a comparison between both of them. Statistically positive results were found in maximal inspiratory pressure ( P < 0.05 and d = 0.76), maximal expiratory pressure ( P < 0.01 and d = 1.40), perception of dyspnoea ( P < 0.01), swallowing function ( d = 0.55) and phonatory measures, without significant differences in spirometric indices. Conclusions: Respiratory muscle training may be an effective alternative for improving respiratory muscle strength, swallowing function and phonatory parameters in subjects with Parkinson’s disease. Nevertheless, the lack of primary studies about this type of training prevents obtaining robust evidence.

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Templeman, Lucy, and Fiona Roberts. "Effectiveness of expiratory muscle strength training on expiratory strength, pulmonary function and cough in the adult population: a systematic review." Physiotherapy 106 (March 2020): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2019.06.002.

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Watsford, Mark, and Aron Murphy. "The Effects of Respiratory-Muscle Training on Exercise in Older Women." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 16, no. 3 (July 2008): 245–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.16.3.245.

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This research examined the effects of respiratory-muscle (RM) training on RM function and exercise performance in older women. Twenty-six women (60–69 yr of age) were assessed for spirometry, RM strength (maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure), inspiratory-muscle endurance, and walking performance to a perceived exertion rating of “hard.” They were randomly allocated to a threshold RM training group (RMT) or a nonexercising control group (CON) for 8 wk. After training, the 22% (inspiratory) and 30% (expiratory) improvements in RM strength in the RMT group were significantly higher than in the CON group (p< .05). The RMT group also displayed several significant performance improvements, including improved within-group treadmill performance time (12%) and reductions in submaximal heart rate (5%), percentage of maximum voluntary ventilation (16%), and perceived exertion for breathing (8%). RM training appears to improve RM function in older women. Furthermore, these improvements appear to be related to improved submaximal exercise performance.

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van Sluis, Klaske E., Anne F. Kornman, Wim G. Groen, Michiel W. M. van den Brekel, Lisette van der Molen, Bari Hoffman-Ruddy, and Martijn M. Stuiver. "Expiratory Muscle Strength Training in patients After Total Laryngectomy; A Feasibility Pilot Study." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 129, no. 12 (June 12, 2020): 1186–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489420931889.

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Objectives: Expiratory muscle strength training (EMST) is a threshold based device-driven treatment for improving expiratory pressure. EMST proved to be effective in different patient groups to improve cough function. To date, EMST has not been tested in the total laryngectomy population (TL). Methods: This prospective, randomized case-series study examined feasibility, safety, and compliance of EMST in a group of TL participants and its effects on pulmonary function, physical exertion, fatigue, and vocal functioning. Ten TL participants were included in the study to perform a 4 till 8 weeks of EMST. Objective and subjective outcome measures included manometry, spirometry, cardio pulmonary exercise testing (CPET), voice recordings, and patient reported outcome measures. Group means were reported and estimates of the effect are shown with a 95% confidence interval, using single sample t-tests. Results: Nine participants completed the full study protocol. Compliance to the training program was high. All were able to perform the training, although it requires adjustments of the device and skills of the participants. Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) and vocal functioning in loudness improved over time. After EMST no changes were seen in other objective and subjective outcomes. Conclusions: EMST appears to be feasible and safe after total laryngectomy. MEP improved over time but no improvement in the clinically relevant outcome measures were seen in this sample of relatively fit participants. Further investigation of the training in a larger group of participants who report specifically pulmonary complaints is recommended to investigate if the increase in MEP results in clinical benefits. Level of Evidence: 4

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Rożek-Piechura, Krystyna, Monika Kurzaj, Paulina Okrzymowska, Wojciech Kucharski, Jacek Stodółka, and Krzysztof Maćkała. "Influence of Inspiratory Muscle Training of Various Intensities on The Physical Performance of Long‐Distance Runners." Journal of Human Kinetics 75, no. 1 (October 31, 2020): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2020-0031.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) at different intensities on the pulmonary function and physiological adaptations of long-distance runners undergoing sports training. This study involved 25 long-distance runners. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups depending on the type of IMT applied: POWERbreathe device (group 1), Threshold IMT device (group 2), and a control group. The following lung variables were evaluated: vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF). Respiratory muscle strength was assessed by maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax) and maximum expiratory pressure (PEmax). Spiroergometric measures included: heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (VO2max), carbon dioxide production (VCO2max), maximum ventilation (VE) and respiratory exchange rate (RER), which were measured breath by breath using a gas analyser (VYNTUS CPX). Group 1, which used the POWERbreathe device, showed significant increases in all assessed physiological and physical performance variables. In group 2, which used the Threshold device, only VO2max, VE and tRER ventilation were significantly increased to a similar level as that observed in group 1. In the control group, we only observed a significant reduction in saturation. The use of IMT with a higher intensity resulted in significant improvements in all tested variables of lung ventilation and respiratory muscle strength. Also, after training, lactate accumulation was significantly decreased. Physiological characteristics (VO2max/kg) and muscle respiratory strength variables were significantly improved in the group that used the POWERbreathe device after 8 weeks of training.

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YAMASHITA, Kouji, Nobuyoshi KIKUCHI, and Kazuo ITO. "Effects of Expiratory Muscle Training on Respiratory Muscle Strength and Cough Intensity of Stroke Patients." Rigakuryoho Kagaku 25, no. 6 (2010): 849–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/rika.25.849.

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Hernández-Álvarez, Edgar Debray, Cristian Arvey Guzmán-David, Juan Carlos Ruiz-González, Ana María Ortega-Hernández, and Deisy Carolina Ortiz-González. "Effect of a respiratory muscle training program on lung function, respiratory muscle strength and resting oxygen consumption in sedentary young people." Revista de la Facultad de Medicina 66, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 605–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v66n4.60252.

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Introduction: Physical inactivity is a risk factor for developing noncommnunicable diseases, as well as respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. To counter this, different types of interventions have been proposed, including respiratory muscle training (RMT).Objective: To determine the effect of a respiratory muscle training program on respiratory muscle strength, lung function and resting oxygen consumption in sedentary subjects.Materials and methods: Pretest-posttest experimental study conducted in sedentary students. Lifestyle and the level of physical activity was determined using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the FANTASTIC questionnaire, while respiratory muscle strength was established by means of expiratory and inspiratory pressure using a Dwyer Series 477 meter, and lung function and oxygen consumption was determined by spirometry and indirect calorimetry whit Vmax Encore 29C® calorimeter. Respiratory muscle training was performed for eight weeks with Threshold IMT system. R software, version 3.1.2, was used for statistical analysis.Results: Clinically and statistically significant improvements were found in maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) (pre: 81.23±22.00/post: 96.44±24.54 cmH2O; p<0.001); maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) (pre: 94.84±21.63/post: 107.39±29.15 cmH2O; p<0.05); pulmonary function FEV1 [(pre: 3.33±0.88/post: 3.54±0.90L) (p<0.05)]; and FEV1/FVC ratio [(pre: 87.78±7.67/post: 93.20±6.02% (p<0.01)].Conclusion: The respiratory muscle training protocol implemented for eight weeks using the Threshold IMT system improved strength and FEV1. There were no significant changes in oxygen consumption.

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Silverman, Erin Pearson, Sarah Miller, Yi Zhang, Bari Hoffman-Ruddy, James Yeager, and Janis J. Daly. "Effects of expiratory muscle strength training on maximal respiratory pressure and swallow-related quality of life in individuals with multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical 3, no. 2 (May 29, 2017): 205521731771082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055217317710829.

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Background Weakening and dyscoordination of expiratory muscles in multiple sclerosis (MS) can impair respiratory and swallow function. Objective The objective of this paper is to test a novel expiratory muscle strength training (EMST) device on expiratory pressure, swallow function, and swallow-related quality-of-life (SWAL-QOL) in individuals with MS. Methods Participants with MS were randomized to a five-week breathing practice of either positive pressure load (EMST) or near-zero pressure (sham). We compared baseline to post-treatment data according to maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), abnormal airway penetration and aspiration (PAS), and SWAL-QOL. Results Both groups improved in MEP ( p < 0.001). Forty percent of the EMST group improved on PAS, and 15% worsened; conversely, 21.4% of the sham group worsened and 14.3% improved. There was no group difference in overall SWAL-QOL; but the EMST group had significantly greater gain versus sham on the Burden ( p = 0.014) and Pharyngeal Swallow ( p = 0.022) domains. Both groups improved in SWAL-QOL domains of Fear, Burden Mental Health, but only the EMST group improved in the SWAL-QOL and domains of Pharyngeal Swallow function, and Saliva management. Conclusion Results suggest that strengthening of expiratory muscles can occur with repetition of focused breathing practice in the absence of high resistance. Conversely, results from the PAS and SWAL-QOL domains suggest that the high resistance of the EMST was required in order to improve the functional safety (reduced penetration/aspiration) and coordination of swallowing, specifically pharyngeal function and saliva management.

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Tsukamoto, Toshiya, Michitaka Kato, Yasunari Kurita, Masaki Uchida, Akira Kubo, and Hitoshi Maruyama. "The Efficacy of Expiratory Muscle Training during Inspiratory Load in Healthy Adult Males: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Healthcare 10, no. 5 (May 18, 2022): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10050933.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of expiratory muscle training (EMT) on respiratory muscle strength and respiratory distress during inspiratory load. Thirty-one healthy adult males were randomly divided into an EMT group who underwent EMT (n = 15) and a control group who did not undergo EMT (n = 16). The EMT group underwent EMT with a 50% load of maximum expiratory mouth pressure (PEmax) for 15 min, twice a day, every day, for 4 weeks. The parameter of respiratory muscle fatigue was a decrease in maximum inspiratory mouth pressure (PImax) and PEmax during 20 min of inspiratory load; thus, PImax and PEmax during inspiratory load were measured. Respiratory distress during inspiratory load was assessed using the Borg scale. These assessments were performed on the same subjects in each group before and after the 4 week study. In the EMT group, the PEmax values after the study were significantly higher than those before the study (p < 0.01). Furthermore, before the study, the PImax and PEmax values for the EMT group during inspiratory load were significantly lower than those before inspiratory load (p < 0.01). However, after the study, there was no difference in these values between during and before inspiratory load. In the EMT group, the Borg scale value during inspiratory load from 6 to 20 min was significantly lower after the study than before the study (p < 0.05). EMT increases expiratory muscle strength, thereby attenuating decreased respiratory muscle strength (PImax and PEmax) and respiratory distress during inspiratory load in healthy subjects.

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García-Pérez-de-Sevilla, Guillermo, Thomas Yvert, Ángela Blanco, Alicia Irene Sosa Pedreschi, Israel J. Thuissard, and Margarita Pérez-Ruiz. "Effectiveness of Physical Exercise Interventions on Pulmonary Function and Physical Fitness in Children and Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis." Healthcare 10, no. 11 (November 3, 2022): 2205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10112205.

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Objective: Physical exercise is associated with several benefits in the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF), associated with a reduction in patient mortality. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of exercise interventions on physical condition and lung function in children and adults with CF to establish the most appropriate type and dose of physical exercise used so far. Methods: The studies included were randomized controlled trials with physical exercise interventions performed with children or adults with CF, analyzing the effects on pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory capacity, and muscle strength. The variables analyzed in at least four studies in the same population (children or adults) with the same measuring test were included in the meta-analysis. Results:Pulmonary function: There were no changes in the forced expiratory volume 1 s, but mouth expiratory/inspiratory pressures were improved in some studies. Physical fitness: In children, the interventions did not manage to improve the VO2peak (SMD = 0.22; 95%CI: −0.25 to 0.68; p = 0.73) but improved muscle strength. In adults, physical exercise interventions based on high-intensity aerobic training showed positive results in the VO2peak, and in some muscle strength outcomes. Conclusions: Exercise interventions in children and adults with CF are effective in improving muscle strength, cardiovascular capacity, and respiratory muscle function. However, they do not achieve improvements in lung function. The most effective programs are those using strength training or cardiovascular high-intensity interval training, although to date there have been few such interventions.

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Bhatt, Dr Aarsh, Dr Parita Dave, and Dr Edrish Contractor. "Immediate Effect of Respiratory Muscle Training on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Post Thoracotomy Individuals." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 12, no. 10 (October 7, 2022): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20221005.

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Introduction: Thoracotomy is a surgical procedure to gain access into the pleural space of the chest. It includes: Median sternotomy, Posterolateral thoracotomy & Anterolateral thoracotomy. The risk of post-operative pulmonary complications is relatively high following thoracic surgery; rates have been recorded at between 19% and 59%. Deep breathing exercises induce sustained increase in trans-pulmonary pressure, which increases lung volume, improves ventilation, oxygenation, prevents basal atelectasis, re-inflates collapsed lung regions, and reverses minimal postoperative atelectasis. Respiratory Muscle Training especially has been shown to improve respiratory muscle function and helps to reduce dyspnoea on exertion. Improvements in strength, speed, power and endurance leads to improvement in the performance of MIP & MEP, which in turn leads to increase in strength and endurance of the diaphragm and accessory muscles during respiration. Aim And Objective: To study the immediate effect of respiratory muscle training on peak expiratory flow rate in post thoracotomy individuals. Method: Participants were divided into two groups by random allocation. The intervention group received RMT of 2*30 repetition with standard breathing exercises whereas the control group were given only standard breathing exercises. Immediate post-test outcomes were measured on peak flow meter and Rate Perceived Exertion (RPE) as well. Result: Analysis was done in SPSS 20 Mean Age (61.93±11)). Data was not normally distributed, so non parametric test was used. According to the data there was significant statistical improvement of PEFR in thoracotomy individuals. (P≤0.002). Conclusion: There is significant statistical difference of PEFR after Respiratory Muscle Training in post thoracotomy individuals. Key words: Peak expiratory flow rate, Respiratory muscle training, Thoracotomy.

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Eom, Mi-Ja, Moon-Young Chang, Dong-Hwan Oh, Hyun-Dong Kim, Na-Mi Han, and Ji-Su Park. "Effects of resistance expiratory muscle strength training in elderly patients with dysphagic stroke." NeuroRehabilitation 41, no. 4 (December 15, 2017): 747–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-172192.

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Pozuelo-Carrascosa, Diana P., Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres, José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera, Pedro Ángel Latorre-Román, Juan Antonio Párraga-Montilla, and Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca. "Effectiveness of Respiratory Muscle Training for Pulmonary Function and Walking Ability in Patients with Stroke: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (July 24, 2020): 5356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155356.

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Background: Neurological dysfunction due to stroke affects not only the extremities and trunk muscles but also the respiratory muscles. Aim: to synthesise the evidence available about the effectiveness of respiratory muscle training (RMT) to improve respiratory function parameters and functional capacity in poststroke patients. Methods: a systematic electronic search was performed in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, PEDro and Web of Science databases, from inception to May 2020. Study selection and data extraction: randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effects of RMT versus non-RMT or sham RMT in poststroke patients. We extracted data about respiratory function, respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity (walking ability, dyspnea, balance, activities of daily life), characteristics of studies and features of RMT interventions (a type of RMT exercise, frequency, intensity and duration). Two reviewers performed study selection and data extraction independently. Results: nineteen RCTs met the study criteria. RMT improved the first second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and walking ability (6 min walking test), but not Barthel index, Berg balance scale, and dyspnea. Conclusions: RMT interventions are effective to improve respiratory function and walking ability in poststroke patients.

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Jung, Won-Sang, Yae-Young Kim, and Hun-Young Park. "Circuit Training Improvements in Korean Women with Sarcopenia." Perceptual and Motor Skills 126, no. 5 (July 8, 2019): 828–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031512519860637.

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Sarcopenia is defined as an age-related decrease in muscle mass, strength, and function. We investigated the effect of circuit training on body composition, balance, muscle mass and strength, and pulmonary function in Korean women with sarcopenia. We randomly assigned 26 Korean women with sarcopenia ( Mage = 74.9, SD = 4.5 years) to either an exercise group (EG) ( n = 13) or a control group (CG) ( n = 13). The EG performed 25-75 minutes of circuit exercise training (gradually increasing time periods) three times per week over 12 weeks, while the CG maintained their usual daily lifestyle during the intervention period. We measured body weight, body mass index, percent body fat, free fat mass, balance ability, peak torque in shoulder, knee, and lumbar joints normalized for bodyweight (BW), forced vital capacity, percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second, and forced expiratory flow 25–75% before and after the intervention. The EG showed improved body composition (i.e., body mass index, fat-free body mass, fat mass; all p < .032, η2 > 0.180), balance (i.e., right and left of static and dynamic balance and fast 10-m walk; all p < .050, η2 > 0.151), muscular function (i.e., 90°/s and 180°/s peak power per kilogram BW, 90°/s average power per kilogram BW, 180°/s total work, and 180°/s endurance ratio; all p < .045, η2 > 0.157), and pulmonary function (all p < .005, η2 > 0.292). On the other hand, the CG showed no significant changes. Circuit exercise training improves muscle mass and strength, body composition, balance, and pulmonary function in women with sarcopenia.

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Park, Ji-Su, Dong-Hwan Oh, and Moon-Young Chang. "Effect of expiratory muscle strength training on swallowing-related muscle strength in community-dwelling elderly individuals: a randomized controlled trial." Gerodontology 34, no. 1 (May 16, 2016): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ger.12234.

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Jones, Harrison N., Tronda Moss, Laurie Edwards, and Priya S. Kishnani. "Increased inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength following respiratory muscle strength training (RMST) in two patients with late-onset Pompe disease." Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 104, no. 3 (November 2011): 417–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.05.006.

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Baker, Susan, Paul Davenport, and Christine Sapienza. "Examination of Strength Training and Detraining Effects in Expiratory Muscles." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 48, no. 6 (December 2005): 1325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2005/092).

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Martín-Valero, Rocio, Ana Maria Jimenez-Cebrian, Jose A. Moral-Munoz, Maria de-la-Casa-Almeida, Manuel Rodriguez-Huguet, and Maria Jesus Casuso-Holgado. "The Efficacy of Therapeutic Respiratory Muscle Training Interventions in People with Bronchiectasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 1 (January 15, 2020): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010231.

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Background: Respiratory muscle dysfunction is an important health problem with high morbidity and mortality and associated costs in patients with bronchiectasis (BC). The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of therapeutic respiratory muscle training (RMT) interventions on improving sputum clearance, ventilator function, muscle strength and functional capacity in BC. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Two independent investigators searched using several electronic databases. The methodological quality of nine studies was assessed using the PEDro scale. Study selection/eligibility criteria: The following were included: randomised controlled trials, randomised crossover trials and pilot studies of patients with BC that used the intervention as RMT (inspiratory/expiratory) and evaluations of respiratory muscle strength (maximal expiratory pressure/maximal inspiratory pressure). This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017075101). Nine studies were included, five of which obtained an A recommendation grade, three with B, and one with C. Study quality was poor to good (mean PEDro Score of 6.375 out of 10). Studies had small sample sizes (8–98). Results show improvements on PImax in favour of therapeutic respiratory muscle training intervention (MD = 6.08; 95% CI = 1.38, 10.77; p < 0.01; I2 = 92%). However, high heterogeneity was identified on meta-analysis.

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Mancopes, Renata, Sana Smaoui, and Catriona M. Steele. "Effects of Expiratory Muscle Strength Training on Videofluoroscopic Measures of Swallowing: A Systematic Review." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 29, no. 1 (February 7, 2020): 335–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_ajslp-19-00107.

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Purpose Expiratory muscle strength training (EMST) is increasingly utilized in dysphagia rehabilitation; however, little is known about the effects of this approach on swallowing function or physiology. We conducted a systematic review to appraise and synthesize evidence regarding the effects of EMST on videofluoroscopic measures of swallowing in individuals with medical diagnoses, in which dysphagia is a concern. Method A literature search was conducted according to Cochrane guidelines. Of 292 nonduplicate articles, 11 were judged to be relevant for review. These underwent detailed review for study quality, risk of bias evaluation, and synthesis of swallowing outcomes. Results The selected articles described EMST in a variety of patient populations using either the EMST150 or the Phillips Threshold positive expiratory pressure device. The typical protocol involved five sets of five breaths through the device (25 breaths/day), 5 days per week for 4 weeks. Exercise loads were set between 50% and 75% depending on the population, and treatment was typically supervised by a clinician weekly. The Penetration–Aspiration Scale was the most commonly reported videofluoroscopic outcome measure. Conclusions differed as to whether or not swallowing improved following a course of EMST. Differences in videofluoroscopy protocols, methods of summarizing participant performance, and statistical approaches across studies meant that meta-analysis of swallowing outcomes could not be completed. Conclusion This review failed to find clear evidence regarding the effects of EMST on videofluoroscopic measures of swallowing. Heterogeneity in the etiologies and baseline severity of dysphagia across studies and in the methods used to measure swallowing outcomes was a particular barrier to data synthesis.

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Ito, N., S. Watanabe, K. Morita, K. Morita, Y. Okuyama, T. Takizawa, K. Suzuki, and Y. Iida. "THE EFFECT OF EXPIRATORY MUSCLE STRENGTH TRAINING ON THE SWALLOWING FUNCTIONS OF THE ELDERLY." Innovation in Aging 1, suppl_1 (June 30, 2017): 230–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igx004.857.

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Hegland, Karen Wheeler, Paul W. Davenport, Alexandra E. Brandimore, Floris F. Singletary, and Michelle S. Troche. "Rehabilitation of Swallowing and Cough Functions Following Stroke: An Expiratory Muscle Strength Training Trial." Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 97, no. 8 (August 2016): 1345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2016.03.027.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Expiratory muscle strength training'

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