Journal articles on the topic 'Expert architects'
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Jog, Bharati, and Maria Zemankova. "Energy expert: An expert system for architects." Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 13, no. 1 (January 1989): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-9715(89)90005-7.
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Gedutis, Aldis. "Architektūrinės ir istorinės Klaipėdos vizijų konkurencija: drąsūs sprendimai ar darnus išsaugojimas?" Sociologija. Mintis ir veiksmas 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 210–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/socmintvei.2012.1.403.
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Santrauka. Svarstant aktualius miesto planavimo ir įvaizdžio klausimus bene daugiausia kontroversijų kelia dabarties ir praeities architektūriniai objektai. Šie objektai keisdami miesto veidą tuo pat metu koreguoja ir miesto praeitį. Architektūrinės priemonės praeitį gali pertvarkyti, atnaujinti, išsaugoti, naikinti ir t.t. Tokiu būdu architektų veikla patenka į istorikų akiratį. Straipsnyje remiamasi analitine architektūros istoriko Manfredo Tafuri schema, kurioje aiškiai atribojama architektų ir architektūros istorikų veikla. Jei architektai orientuojasi į veiksmą, praktiką, ateities viziją ir utopiją, tai istorikų veikla siejama su teorija, kritiškumu, praeitimi ir atmintimi. Tarp šių kraštutinių figūrų Tafuri įkomponuoja architektūros kritiką, kuris priklausomas tiek nuo architektūros (kaip tyrimo objekto), tiek nuo istorijos (kaip žinių). Tafuri schema nėra pilna – joje trūksta paveldosaugininko. Įtraukiant šį veikiantį asmenį gaunamas išbaigtas modelis, kurį jungia keturios kategorijos: teorija (istorikas ir kritikas), praktika (architektas ir paveldosaugininkas), praeitis (istorikas ir paveldosaugininkas) ir ateitis (architektas ir kritikas). Pakoreguota Tafuri schema taikoma analizuojant Klaipėdos mieste 1990–2010 vykusias sąveikas, diskusijas ir kontroversijas, atsižvelgiant į dvi dominuojančias miesto planavimo bei materialaus paveldo apsaugos vizijas – architektūrinę ir istorinę.Raktažodžiai: architektūra, istorija, konkurencija, Manfredo Tafuri, Klaipėda.Keywords: architecture, history, competition, Manfredo Tafuri, Klaipeda. ABSTRACTTHE COMPETITION BETWEEN ARCHITECTURAL AND HISTORICAL VISIONS OF KLAIPEDA: BRAVE DECISIONS VS. SUSTAINABLE PRESERVATIONThe issue of the relation of Klaipeda’s image to urban planning has been the subject of intense debate. Old and new buildings transforming Klaipeda’s image at once correct and adjust the city’s past: its past can for example be reshaped, renewed, preserved or destroyed by architectural means. Thus architecture becomes an object of historical interest. In this article the analytic scheme proposed by the architectural historian Manfredo Tafuri is employed. Importantly, Tafuri dissociates architects from architectural historians: the former is operative, utopian and future-oriented; the latter is critical, memorial and oriented to the past. Between the two extremes Tafuri places the figure of the architectural critic, who is dependent on both architecture (as an object) and history (as knowledge). Such a schema is however incomplete as Tafuri ignores the figure of the expert of heritage protection. In the expert of heritage protection Tafuri’s schema can be refigured around four categories: theory (historian and critic), practice (architect and expert of heritage protection), past (historian and expert of heritage protection) and future (architect and critic). This upgraded framework is applied to the case of Klaipeda city in order to describe recent encounters, controversies and conflicts between two predominant visions – architectural and historical – concerning city planning and the protection of material heritage.
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Prakash, Anand, and Milind Phadtare. "Service quality for architects: scale development and validation." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 25, no. 5 (June 18, 2018): 670–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-03-2017-0046.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop and explain an empirically validated scale to measure service quality for architects in India. Design/methodology/approach This study applies a systematic procedure for development of a psychometric scale in three phases. Phase 1 includes item generation and selection through review of literature and expert opinion. Phase 2 comprises scale refinement using item analysis and exploratory factor analysis. Phase 3 applies confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for establishing convergent, discriminant and nomological validity. This study has involved 15 expert participants in Phase 1 and sought participation from 250 respondents using an online questionnaire in two other independent phases. Findings The findings of the empirical study resulted in the development of a 22-item scale that measures the constructs such as design quality, project administration quality, communication quality, relationship quality and dependability quality. Research limitations/implications This study has developed a context-specific psychometric scale of service quality for architects in India using snowball sampling. Although this study identified five valid service quality factors, the classified information relating to the formation of expectations was not collected. Practical implications This reliable and valid scale would be helpful for architects to measure the level of service quality in enhancing business performance. This study has established that service quality for architects is achieved only when the perceived benefits are available from the aspects like design, project administration, communication, relationship and dependability. Social implications This study can facilitate an architect interested in opportunities relating to contracting, consulting and engineering to explore possibilities of higher fees from clients. Originality/value This study is an original attempt in developing a validated tool to measure service quality of architects in India.
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You, Hee Jong. "A Study on Safety Entrance Door for Crime Prevention -Expert(Architects) Survey-." Residential Environment Institute Of Korea 17, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22313/reik.2019.17.1.91.
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Mallery, Mary. "Creating the High-Functioning Library Space: Expert Advice from Librarians, Architects, and Designers. (2017)." Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship 29, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 283–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1941126x.2017.1378552.
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Lee, Hyung-Sook, and Eun-Yeong Park. "Developing a Landscape Sustainability Assessment Model Using an Analytic Hierarchy Process in Korea." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010301.
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With the increasing interest in integrative sustainable development, there has been a strong need for a landscape sustainability assessment tool independent from the existing green building rating system. This study aimed to establish an assessment model to objectively evaluate landscape sustainability using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Through an extensive literature review and expert survey, an initial list of assessment items was derived and used to set up an AHP model. An AHP survey with landscape architects and architects/engineers was then conducted to determine the importance of the assessment factors. In addition, the model was applied to three projects that were previously certified by a green building rating system in Korea. The AHP results showed that “site context” ranked as the most important factor of landscape sustainability followed by “soil and vegetation,” “maintenance,” “water,” “health and wellbeing,” and “materials.” Among the 20 assessment factors, “monitoring plan” was evaluated as the most important index, followed by “protection of cultural heritage” and “long-term management plan.” Landscape architects evaluated “soil and vegetation” as the most important in the assessment, while the engineers/architects group rated “site context” as the most important. When tested by applying them to the previously certified projects, the developed factors provided more objective and detailed information on landscape sustainability.
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Kreitler, Shulamith, and Hernan Casakin. "Self-Perceived Creativity." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 25, no. 3 (January 2009): 194–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.25.3.194.
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In view of unclear previous findings about the validity of self-assessed creativity, the hypothesis guiding the present study was that validity would be proven if self-assessed creativity was examined with respect to a specific domain, specific product, specific aspects of creativity, and in terms of specific criteria. The participants were 52 architecture students. The experimental task was to design a small museum in a described context. After completing the task, the students self-assessed their creativity in designing with seven open-ended questions, the Self-Assessment of Creative Design questionnaire, and a list of seven items tapping affective metacognitive aspects of the designing process. Thus, 21 creativity indicators were formed. Four expert architects, working independently, assessed the designs on nine creativity indicators: fluency, flexibility, elaboration, functionality, innovation, fulfilling specified design requirements, considering context, mastery of skills concerning the esthetics of the design representation, and overall creativity. The agreement among the architects’ evaluations was very high. The correlations between the nine corresponding indicators in students’ assessment of their design and those of the experts were positive and significant with respect to three indicators: fluency, flexibility, and overall creativity. On the contrary, the correlations of the rest noncorresponding indicators with those of the experts were not significant. The findings support the validity of self-assessed creativity with specific restrictions.
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Özdemir, Esin. "The role of the expert knowledge in politicizing urban planning processes: A case from Istanbul." Planning Theory 18, no. 2 (November 2, 2018): 237–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473095218809747.
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This article discusses the relationship between the expert knowledge and the prospects of politicizing and democratizing urban planning. The term ‘experts’ refers mainly to urban planners, yet also includes architects, engineers and lawyers, who are specialized in planning. The article begins with a review of the critical literature on communicative planning, agonistic pluralism, agonistic planning and discussions on what needs to be done in planning focusing on the role of the expert knowledge. It argues that expert knowledge can gain different and multi-dimensional roles in urban planning processes, leading not necessarily to techno-management, yet contributing in their inclusiveness and conflict sensitivity. Encompassing both technical support and objective intermediation for local communities, it can both be utilized to build an agonistic space and help the communities better utilize the existing communicative/collaborative channels to voice their disagreements. By this way, it contributes in the politicization and democratization of planning processes. With this argument, the article also aims to challenge the strict distinction between ‘the politics’ and ‘the political’ as well as the related communicative–agonistic divide. The argument is supported by evidence from a case study on two informally built residential neighbourhoods in Istanbul, where there has been an active citizen opposition and involvement in a planning process.
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Rohovit, Taren, Spencer Ivy, Mark Lavelle, Jeanine Stefanucci, Dustin Stokes, and Trafton Drew. "Through the eyes of an expert: Evaluating holistic processing in architects using gaze-contingent viewing." Journal of Vision 20, no. 11 (October 20, 2020): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.20.11.294.
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Vartanian, Oshin, Alenoush Vartanian, Roger E. Beaty, Emily C. Nusbaum, Kristen Blackler, Quan Lam, Elizabeth Peele, and Paul J. Silvia. "Revered today, loved tomorrow: Expert creativity ratings predict popularity of architects’ works 50 years later." Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts 11, no. 4 (November 2017): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/aca0000092.
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Lutton, Linley. "HYPEREX—A generic expert system to assist architects in the design of routine building types." Building and Environment 30, no. 2 (April 1995): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-1323(94)00048-w.
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Ivy, Spencer, Taren Rohovit, Mark Lavelle, Lace Padilla, Jeanine Stefanucci, Dustin Stokes, and Trafton Drew. "Through the eyes of the expert: Evaluating holistic processing in architects through gaze-contingent viewing." Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 28, no. 3 (January 29, 2021): 870–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01858-w.
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Olszewska, Agnieszka A., Paulo F. Marques, Robert L. Ryan, and Fernando Barbosa. "What makes a landscape contemplative?" Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 45, no. 1 (July 27, 2016): 7–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265813516660716.
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For centuries, landscape architects, architects, and urban planners have been designing outdoor green spaces for one to contemplate. In today’s urban realm, we can understand a contemplative space more specifically as one joining esthetic and environmental values with mental health benefits for its visitors. So far, the concept of contemplativeness of a space has not been operationalized and a definitive list of design principles of such a space has not been developed. In response to this gap of knowledge, we have identified a set of features that may be used in order to design and create a space of contemplation within seven categories: Landscape Layers, Landform, Vegetation, Light and Color, Compatibility, Archetypal Elements, and a Character of Peace and Silence. The developed framework is based on development and analysis of a Contemplative Landscape Questionnaire. This instrument was developed based on literature review and Delphi expert evaluation of multiple landscapes. The statistical tests on the Contemplative Landscape Questionnaire revealed satisfactory reliability and validity measures, which provided evidence-based support for the efficacy of designed spaces. This approach could enhance the practice of landscape architects and urban designers by reinforcing intuition-based designs with scientific evidence. The developed framework can also serve to identify contemplative spaces for subsequent research purposes.
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Piatkowski, Melissa, Ellen Taylor, Bob Wong, Dorothy Taylor, K. Bo Foreman, and Andrew Merryweather. "Designing a Patient Room as a Fall Protection Strategy: The Perspectives of Healthcare Design Experts." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 19, 2021): 8769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168769.
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Despite decades of research into patient falls, there is a dearth of evidence about how the design of patient rooms influences falls. Our multi-year study aims to better understand how patient room design can increase stability during ambulation, serving as a fall protection strategy for frail and/or elderly patients. The aim of this portion of the study was to ascertain the architect’s perspective on designing a room to mitigate the risk of falls, as well as to evaluate the face validity of a predictive algorithm to assess risk in room design using the input of a design advisory council (AC). The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the design process and decision-making for patient rooms; summarize the impressions of industry experts about the configurations and layout of the patient rooms tested in a preliminary augmented reality model; establish the face validity of modeled heat maps depicting risk; and report the results of a pre-meeting and post-meeting survey of expert opinions. Feedback was coded using human factors/ergonomic (HF/E) design principles, and the findings will be used to guide further development of an “optimal” prototype room for human subject testing. The results confirm the challenges that architects face as they balance competing priorities and reveal how a participatory process focusing on preventing falls can shift assumptions about design strategies, especially subtle changes (e.g., toilet orientation).
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Xu, Yongrui, and Peng Liang. "A Cooperative Coevolution Approach to Automate Pattern-based Software Architectural Synthesis." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 24, no. 10 (December 2014): 1387–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194014400130.
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To reuse successful experience in software architecture design, architects use architectural patterns as reusable architectural knowledge for architectural synthesis. However, it has been observed that the resulting architecture does not always conform to the initial architectural patterns employed. Architectural synthesis using architectural patterns is also recognized as a challenging task, especially for novice architects due to lack of experience. In this paper, we propose a cooperative coevolution approach to automate architectural synthesis using architectural patterns. We first analyze several common architectural patterns and the constraints when using them. We then extend existing architectural synthesis activity with patterns based on the results of this analysis. Finally, we map the extended architectural synthesis to a cooperative coevolution model, which can optimize the resulting architectural solutions and avoid the violations to the pattern constraints automatically. We evaluate the proposed approach through a case study: architecture design of a cinema booking system. The results show that the proposed approach can generate architectural solutions which are closer to the expert design.
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Charleson, A. W. "Vertical lateral load resisting elements for low to medium rise buildings." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 26, no. 3 (September 30, 1993): 356–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.26.3.356-366.
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This paper describes the development of a computer program for architects to provide guidance on wind and earthquake vertical lateral load resisting structure. The program, akin to an expert system, is suitable for designing low to medium-rise buildings in New Zealand at a preliminary design stage. Examples of design guides, providing more general lateral load resisting structural information for commonly used structural systems and materials, appropriate to a preliminary design stage, are also presented. Application of the program to the seismic design of a four storey reinforced concrete building is discussed.
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Gilman, Edward F. "211 AN EXPERT SYSTEM FOR URBAN TREE SELECTION." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 459e—459. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.459e.
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This computer program, delivered-on a CD-ROM disc, develops a list of tree species and cultivars suited for a specific planting site. It requires little previous computer experience or tree knowledge to operate. Using multiple choice questions, the program automatically brings the user through above ground and below ground site analysis. This includes all the considerations known to influence proper species section for a planting site. Using C++ programming and the NASA-developed expert system shell called CUPS, a list of facts is generated as the user answers the questions. At the press of a button, the program finds trees that match the attributes the expert system placed on the facts list. The list can be further modified by choosing among ornamental and other tree attributes that might be of interest to the user. The tree list can be printed in several seconds. A typical run through the expert system takes 2 to 4 minutes to answer about 20 to 25 questions. The program contains data on 681 trees, more than 1,800 color photographs, and a 4-page fact sheet including 3 line drawings for each tree totaling more than 2,000 pages. The program can also be used as a reference by paging through the tree records to find information about specific trees. Each tree record lists on the computer monitor a large variety of data for the tree, allows you to view text about the tree, displays a line drawing of the entire tree, and displays up to seven photographs of each tree. The program will be distributed nationwide as a tool to help landscape architects, horticulturists and others select the right tree for the right place.
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Blaschke, Sarah, Clare C. O’Callaghan, and Penelope Schofield. "Nature-based care opportunities and barriers in oncology contexts: a modified international e-Delphi survey." BMJ Open 7, no. 10 (October 2017): e017456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017456.
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ObjectiveTo develop recommendations regarding opportunities and barriers for nature-based care in oncology contexts using a structured knowledge generation process involving relevant healthcare and design experts.DesignFour-round modified electronic Delphi study. Oncology patients’ nature-based recommendations, uncovered in preceding qualitative investigation, were included in the first round for the expert participants’ consideration. Key items (opportunities and barriers) were developed using data aggregation and synthesis, followed by item prioritisation and 10-point Likert scale ranking (1=not important, 10=very important). Descriptive statistics were calculated to assess items of highest importance representing expert recommendations.ContextOnline Delphi process constituting an electronic international survey.ParticipantsA purposive sample of 200 potential panellists (recruitment target n=40) comprising healthcare practitioners, managers, designers, architects and researchers were invited to participate; experts were identified via research networks, snowballing and systematic literature review.Results38 experts across seven countries (Australia, USA, UK, New Zealand, Canada, Denmark and Sweden) returned questionnaire 1, which determined consent and acceptance for participation. Initial response rate was 19%, and subsequent response rates were 84%, 82% and 84% for rounds 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The Delphi panel developed recommendations consisting of 10 opportunities and 10 barriers. The following opportunities were rated to be of highest importance: window views from clinical areas onto nature; outdoor settings, gardens and courtyards with easy and effortless access; and nature-based physical exercise adapted to patient requirements. Highest-rated barriers for nature-based oncology care included lack of knowledge and awareness about benefits of nature engagement and inaccessibility, not considering access requirements for the very sick and frail.ConclusionsExperts suggested and agreed on a set of recommendations, which represent critical considerations for the safe adoption of nature-based oncology opportunities. These findings fill a gap in understanding about helpful nature-based oncology care and may translate into oncology design and innovation.
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Kuklík, Pavel, and Jan Záleský. "Several Comments on the Broumov Group of Churches Using Experiances with Water Table Variation on other Historical Sites." Advanced Materials Research 688 (May 2013): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.688.79.
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The Broumov group of churches represents an integral part of Bohemian baroque architecture. The famous Dientzenhofer family of architects, that helped define the Bohemian baroque style in the early 18th century, designed the Broumov group for the governing Benedictine abbey of St. Wenceslaw in Broumov. Variation of water table together with particular site conditions can cause mechanical damage with crack propagation and biological deterioration, as well. We prepared the project on advanced monitoring of stability and complex evaluation of the technical state of the structures proposing the expert remediation using comprehensive, complete elucidation and description of actual causes of degradation of bearing parts of the structure. Results of previous research connected with the Prague Castle monitoring are presented in the paper.
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Hamad, Shalaw Hamza, and Muamal Ibrahim. "Developing an Indoor Environment Assessment Tool for Residential Buildings." Journal of Engineering 26, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 62–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2020.11.04.
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The Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) describes an indoor space condition that the wellbeing and comfortability are provided for the users. Many researchers have highlighted the importance of adopting IEQ criteria, although they are not yet well defined in the Kurdistan region. However, environmental quality is not necessary for the contemporary buildings of the Kurdistan Region, and there is no measurement tool in the Region. This research aims to develop an IEQ assessment tool for the Kurdistan region using Mixed method methodology, both qualitative and quantitative. Therefore, a Delphi Technique was used as a method initially developed as systematic, interactive forecasting on a panel of experts. Thirty-five Delphi Candidates have reached an agreement on selecting the criteria for the IEQ, as Spss and a particular equation has used to find criteria weights. As a result, seven criteria with 22 indicators have been selected by expert ratings. A computer-based tool (KIEQA) has been created based on the scores selected by experts. Research results show that good IEQ is essential for interior design. It also offers a suitable indoor environment for users. This research has many significant advantages since it can raise awareness of issues of indoor environmental quality for architects, experts, and policymakers. Furthermore, to draw up an action plan for existing and new interior design projects in the Kurdistan Region. Future researches may concentrate on the correlation between IEQ criteria and to develop this tool regarding different building typologies.
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Flaherty, George F. "Responsive Eyes." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 73, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 372–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2014.73.3.372.
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Responsive Eyes: Urban Logistics and Kinetic Environments for the 1968 Mexico City Olympics looks closely at a series of temporary designed environments created for the organizing committee of the 1968 Mexico City Olympics. Integrating architecture, visual communication, and mass media, the design team created kinetic environments, or spaces that estranged user-beholders’ visual and spatial perceptions, inviting immersion and interaction to produce a holistic image of a thoroughly modern, socially integrated Mexico at a time when this view of Mexico was not necessarily held by audiences at home or abroad. The team’s design choices demonstrated cosmopolitan awareness of global aesthetics and discursive currents, including optical and kinetic art as well as recent advances in scientific investigation that inspired new modes of urban vision and engagement, part of an international renewal of modernist techniques and aspirations. These environments also responded to more local concerns, including Mexico City’s ongoing capitalist urbanization and reticulation of the modernist architect’s professional and social purchase in Mexico in light of increasing globalization. By situating the Olympic environments within the larger context of exhibitions of kinetic art and art happenings from the period, George F. Flaherty highlights the possibilities and limits of transformation envisaged by Mexico 68’s kinetic environments, arguing that their design provides a window through which to assess Mexican architects’ claim to act as expert mediators between the city and state, architecture and art, and Mexico and the wider world.
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Sebregondi, Giulia Ceriani. "“Ars sine scientia” or rather “Ars sine geometria”? The debate of 1400 on the elevation of Milan cathedral." Resourceedings 2, no. 3 (November 12, 2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i3.627.
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The construction of Milan Cathedral from 1386 was one of the most important episodes in the history of Italian and European architecture because of the uniqueness of the building itself — the largest Gothic church ever constructed in Italy — and because of the presence of some of the most authoritative architects of the late Fourteenth and Fifteenth centuries in Europe (Lombard, French, German).The documentation about the discussions on how to build the Duomo in the late Trecento and early Quattrocento, especially on the structural choices to be made and the different Lombard and Northern building-site practices, made famous to English readers in a celebrated article by James Ackerman, is extraordinarily rich and extensive, permitting considerations on the relationship between medieval architectural ideals and an actual project.The paper focuses on the famous discussions of 1400, in part a re-run of those of 1392. It will be argued that famous criticism by the French expert Jean Mignot of Milanese architects involving the terms ars and scientia could have a very different meaning from the one generally accepted in the literature. Consequently, it will result that Mignot wanted to return to the original project proposed by Gabriele Stornaloco, which embodied the desired correspondence between the sacred architecture and the perfect God’s world.All of which, could be of some interest to medievalists in general, and to those concerned with architectural theory and with the relationship between Gothic architecture and literature in particular.
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Michałowski, Andrzej. "KRAJOBRAZ KULTUROWY NA LIŚCIE ŚWIATOWEGO DZIEDZICTWA – POLSKIE DOŚWIADCZENIA." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 4 (November 29, 2017): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/odk_2017_04_03.
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The central organisation around which Polish cooperation with UNESCO on implementing the World Heritage Convention has been concentrated from the beginning is the Polish National Committee ICOMOS.The cooperation has been organised by institutions and people connected in some way with the Committee. Specialised institutions were gradually joining the cooperation. One example of such measures was the appointment of the Board of Historical Gardens and Palaces Conservation, transformed subsequently into the Centre for the Protection of Historic Landscape in Warsaw. A „garden” conservation society has gathered around this institution, composed of art historians, landscape architects, architects and gardeners. They have been carrying out interdisciplinary works concerning historic gardens and cultural landscapes in Poland. Their cooperation with the Polish National Committee ICOMOS andthe International Committee of Historic Gardens and Sites ICOMOS – IFLA was connected with the activities of UNESCO. Major activities of the Centre include: valuation and assessment of cultural landscapes for the World Heritage List; drawing up, in collaboration with the Fürst-Pückler-Park Bad Muskau Foundation, an application for the inscription of Park Muskau in the UNESCO World Heritage List; organisation of international conference: „The Regional Expert Meeting on Cultural Landscapes in Eastern Europe” in Białystok in 1999 at the request of WHC UNESCO; organisation of international conference „Cemetery Art” in 1993 at the request of WHC UNESCO, along with accompanying exhibitions concerning specific issues, organised by the Board of Historical Gardens and Palaces Conservation in Warsaw.
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Alam, Sadaf, Miimu Airaksinen, and Risto Lahdelma. "Attitudes and Approaches of Finnish Retrofit Industry Stakeholders toward Achieving Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 7359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137359.
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Key stakeholders in industry are highly responsible for achieving energy performance targets. Particularly, this paper assesses the attitudes, approaches, and experiences of Finnish construction professionals regarding energy-efficient buildings, or nZEBs. A three-tier investigation was conducted including surveys and expert interviews with several stakeholders. The structure of this approach was informed by preliminary data and information available on the Finnish construction sector. The questionnaire showed that the stakeholders ranked energy efficiency and embodied energy/carbon as very important. The survey highlighted that the importance of the embodied carbon CO2 in the materials is less important than the energy efficiency from many of the stakeholders’ points of view. “Energy efficiency” is very important for ESCOs, contractors, and facility managers followed by architects, HVAC engineers, and construction design engineers. Nevertheless, the opinions of architects ranked “embodied energy CO2” as the most important regarding nZEB. When it comes to the importance of “running time emissions” toward nZEB, contractors and ESCO companies ranked it as 1 for importance followed by property owners (78%) and tenants (75%). It is very fascinating to see from the survey that “running time carbon emissions” has been ranked 1 (very important) by all stakeholders. This study will enable construction industry stakeholders to make provisions for overcoming the barriers, gaps, and challenges identified in the practices of the nZEB projects. It will also inform the formulation of policies that drive retrofit uptake.
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Tsuchiya-Ito, Rumiko, Björn Slaug, Tomonori Sano, Miki Tajima, Sakiko Itoh, Kazuaki Uda, Takashi Yamanaka, and Susanne Iwarsson. "Assessing Housing Accessibility for Older Adults in Japan: A Content Validity Study." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.357.
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Abstract Scientifically validated tools to assess housing accessibility for older adults in Japan have been lacking. To address this, a rigorous procedure of adapting an existing housing assessment tool—the Housing Enabler, developed in Sweden—for valid use in Japan was conducted. The original tool was translated into the Japanese language, using established translation procedures. In the process, researchers checked the appropriateness of technical terms and adjusted specifications to be in accordance with Japanese standards. An expert panel approach was used to validate the content of the Japanese Housing Enabler. Thirteen certified occupational therapists, architects and care-managers (average experience=14.5 years) participated as experts in the content validity study. They rated each item with regard to relevance for assessing housing accessibility in Japan, on a scale from 1(=Not relevant) to 4(= Highly relevant). They suggested adjustments and additions that they found to be relevant to capture particularities of Japanese housing and building design. After individual ratings, the experts gathered for consensus discussions on suggested revisions of the item list. As a result, the number of items was substantially increased (from 161 to 283). A content validity index (CVI) was calculated for each item (i.e., the proportion of experts rating the relevance as at least 3). Using a recommended threshold of CVI ≥0.78, more than 90% of the items were considered relevant, thus supporting the content validity. However, the large amount of items might jeopardize the feasibility of the instrument. Further studies are needed to evaluate feasibility, criterion-related validity and aspects of reliability.
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Malakhov, Sergey, and Evgenia Repina. "SAMARA YARD. TO THE RELEASE OF THE RUSSIAN-DUTCH MONOGRAPH ON THE HISTORICAL ENVIRONMENT OF SAMARA." INNOVATIVE PROJECT 4, no. 10 (December 2019): 82–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/ip.2019.4.10.7.
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A joint bilingual Russian-Dutch publication “The Samara Yard” is presented - the result of the work of a group of architects who managed to unite into one research team and win a grant from the Dutch Foundation for Creative Industries. Similar grants in 2019 were provided to two more author’s projects from other countries. The rationale prepared by us at the stage of the competitive competition of applicants for a grant from more than 100 countries made it possible to attract the attention of international expert groups, the Foundation’s management and, as a result, to achieve a high-quality research and publication at the level of international standards. The central theme of the research and publication is a unique urban planning phenomenon - “Samara Yard”, a historically formed architectural and planning unit that translates into the modern discourse of urban practices the most important features of a sustainable urban environment.
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Shamsuzzaman, Md, Ridhwanul Haq, and Mohammad Aman Ullah Aman. "Influence of Reference Group, Especially Painters on Decorative Paint Buying Decision: A Case Study of Bangladesh." Journal of Business and Economics 10, no. 8 (August 20, 2019): 775–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/08.10.2019/008.
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Paint is a semi technical product, where except for the shade selection, other factors such as category, brand and painting process selection require proper technical knowledge. The end users of Bangladesh are highly dependent on the reference groups for product knowledge, technical knowhow, and buying decision. This is why the research focused on the influence of reference groups, especially painters. An elaborated multi-step research method including expert in-depth interview, focus group discussions and a structured questionnaire survey has been conducted. FGDs and expert in-depth interviews’ findings revealed that for paints and painting activities of new architecture about 80% end-user depends on professional reference groups like architects, engineers etc., and rest of the 20% depend on other reference groups like paints dealers, contractors, and painters. But reverse scenario (20% vs. 80%) has been found in painting of old architectures. For brand selection, 80% of the buyers are influenced by dealers with the help of contractors or painters. A unique implication of Pareto’s Principle (80/20 rule) has been observed in the research findings. Questionnaire survey exposed that for category and brand selection, 74% of the end-users depended on the reference groups, 54% of whom on painters. The study will help paint marketer, entrepreneurs, researchers and others stakeholder in their strategic decision making process.
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Chiles, Prue, Daniela Petrelli, and Simona Spedale. "Finding common ground: architects, end-users, and decision-makers in the renovation of the Arts Tower, Sheffield." Architectural Research Quarterly 20, no. 4 (December 2016): 298–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135516000543.
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The Arts Tower at the University of Sheffield was completed in 1961 to designs by Gollins Melvin and Ward and it has been dubbed by English Heritage ‘the most elegant University tower block of its period’. Its renovation, finished in 2012, can be understood as representative of wider debates about the attitudes and values attached to the future use of notable twentieth century modernist architecture. This paper explores the dilemmas and decision-making that characterised the complex negotiation processes involved in deciding how best to renovate this icon of modernity. It highlights the different perspectives and multiple voices within the University and explores the role of architectural values that privilege design in decision-making processes. It may be a familiar tale to anyone who has built or renovated a building involving a complex client and a diverse set of building users.Through the analysis of four alternative narratives of participants, the complexity of a multi-voiced organisational process is exposed. These four narratives belong to four different players in the process, representing four different cultures. The first accounts for university management (the client); the second the School of Architecture and Department of Landscape (‘end-user’ clients); the third the estates department (the client's representative); and the fourth the expert architectural historian (an academic and end-user). This complexity was represented in the composition of the organisational body in charge of the project and the decision making process.The images accompanying this paper also provide a short illustrated account of key aspects of the renovation from the perspective of the authors.
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RAMASASTRY, Anita. "Advisors or Enablers? Bringing Professional Service Providers into the Guiding Principles’ Fold." Business and Human Rights Journal 6, no. 2 (June 2021): 293–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bhj.2021.28.
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AbstractAfter a decade, different businesses adhere to the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs). Some key commercial entities, however, remain largely outside of the UNGPs universe, including professional service providers (PSPs) who are retained by businesses to provide expert advice and services. These advisors include lawyers, management consultants, architects and others. Some may have specialized units that provide advice on the UNGPs when retained solely for that purpose. But when asked to provide general commercial legal advice, to design a building, or restructure a business, such advisors do not typically appear to apply the UNGPs, to identify negative human rights impacts and tailor their advice in a way that prevents or mitigates such impacts. This article explores the connection between the advice provided by PSPs and negative human rights impacts. It underscores the critical need for these advisors to align their business processes and advisory services with the UNGPs to avoid being enablers of human rights abuses.
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Vachkov, I. V. "A Review of the Monograph “Home as a Living Environment of a Person: a Psychological Study”." Клиническая и специальная психология 6, no. 1 (2017): 138–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2017060110.
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The reviewed book is a fundamental work of a group of scientists led by a well-known expert in the field of environment psychology, Professor S.K. Nartova – Bochaver. The monograph presents results of a systematic and multifaceted study of a completely new scientific field – the psychology of the home, as the main human life environment that determines one's individuality, social interaction and life success and which is the most powerful ecological and social resource. Prerequisites for the selection of the new subject of study, stages of developing of the completely new category apparatus and also methodology of home – person relations are outlined. The main content of the book is a description of the research results of the formation of various home concepts, subjective models of a friendly home in adolescence, home resources for positive functioning in adolescence and youth, affection and estrangement to home in one’s life perspective. Present book is addressed to a wide range of readers and will be useful to specialists of different profiles: psychologists, psychotherapists, teachers, architects, designers.
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Heryati, Heryati, and Nurnaningsih Nico Abdul. "KEARIFAN LOKAL PADA ARSITEKTUR VERNAKULAR GORONTALO: Tinjauan Pada Aspek Budaya dan Nilai-nilai Islam." El-HARAKAH (TERAKREDITASI) 16, no. 2 (December 30, 2014): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/el.v16i2.2774.
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This paper aimed to reveal the values of local wisdom in the vernacular architecture of Gorontalo. The research was conducted with a qualitative research method in which the data were grouped into physical and non-physical data. Physical data (tangible) is obtained by measuring, drawing, photo recording, and tracking documents, while the non-physical data (intangible) is gained through interviews with ta momayanga (the expert), basi lo bele (home builders), tauwa lo adati (traditional leader), community /religious figure, architects, academicians and through discussions. The data analysis is done by describing and interpreting the empirical evidence through the vernacular theories to figure out the vernacular concept of the stage house of Gorontalo. Furthermore, the theory of the relation of function, form and meaning is used to reveal the concept of local wisdom. The results show that the architecture of the stage houses contains vernacular factors loaded with the values of local wisdom that can be seen from the shape, layout, construction structure and ornamentation. The values of local wisdom was reinforced after the arrival of Islam in Gorontalo around 15-16 century.
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Queiroz, Virginia Magliano, Sheila Walbe Ornstein, and Gleice Azambuja Elali. "Research instruments on environmental quality applied to small children with Down Syndrome." Ambiente Construído 21, no. 1 (January 2021): 197–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-86212021000100502.
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Abstract Children aged between 4 to 7 years play a minor role in academic studies in Architecture and Urbanism, a situation related to the difficulty of obtaining their opinions, especially those with intellectual disabilities, such as Children with Down Syndrome (CDS). Therefore, little is known about their perception of the built environment. For this to change, instruments should be developed in order to approach these children, which could contribute both to valuing their opinion and supporting the professional practice of architects. This finding led to exploratory, qualitative and interdisciplinary research to create research tools directed to young CDS, and obtain their opinion about the built environment. The study was based on: (a) literature review; (b) expert panels, comprising 10 parents and 28 professionals. Based on this information, three research instruments were prepared: Spatial Qualification Chart, Illustrated Cards and Make-believe in a Three-Dimensional Physical Model. They are tested with eleven CDS. The results showed that: (i) the proposed instruments fit the task; (ii) some care can facilitate the work with this public; (iii) the participating children perceive and qualify the space - which justifies new research endeavors with CDS.
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Charbonneau1, Jacques. "Un architecte « client-expert »." … À celui des architectes et d’un gestionnaire de projet 60, no. 2-3 (June 9, 2014): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1025525ar.
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L’article expose l’importance de la qualité de la commande, élément essentiel à la réalisation d’un projet de bibliothèque de qualité. Des conditions qui permettront à l’architecte concepteur de transcender le programme et de réaliser un projet inspirant et adapté aux besoins des usagers.
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Adams, Annmarie. "Modernism and Medicine: The Hospitals of Stevens and Lee, 1916-1932." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 58, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 42–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/991436.
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This paper considers the work of Bostonand Toronto-based architects Edward Stevens and Frederick Lee during a critical period in North American hospital expansion. Without exception, their hospitals represented state-of-the-art planning wrapped in conservative exteriors. The firm's work thus offers a rich case study from which to consider the notion of historicist design as a mechanism for coping with change. This paper focuses on five Stevens-and-Lee projects: Notre Dame Hospital and two additions to the Royal Victoria Hospital in Montreal, the Kingston General Hospital, and the Ottawa Civic Hospital. Their buildings can be considered typical of the period, since Stevens and Lee designed prominent hospitals across North America. An interpretation of the hospitals is further enriched by the prospect of comparing what was built to the architects' own words. Edward Stevens's The American Hospital of the Twentieth Century (1918) is a classic in the field of hospital architecture, and he published extensively in the architectural and medical professional presses. The study of Steven's words and his hospitals illuminates the inherent danger of regarding historicist building types as antimodern or necessarily conventional. It also reveals the paucity of stylistic interpretations of all architecture. This approach has resulted in the widespread misinterpretation of interwar hospitals as reactionary, or at best antimodern. For this reason, hospitals of the 1920s are generally omitted from studies of the building type and are seen, mistakenly, as simple reverberations of the nineteenth-century model. Generic hospital architecture of the interwar years was modern in its spatial attitudes-not necessarily its look, but rather in its structure, its endorsement of aseptic medical practice, its sanctioning of expert knowledge, its appeal to new patrons, its encouragement of new ways of working, its response to urbanization, its use of zoning, its acceptance of modern social structures, its resemblance to other modern building types, its embrace of internationalism, and its endorsement of standardization.
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NENADIC, STANA. "ARCHITECT-BUILDERS IN LONDON AND EDINBURGH, c. 1750–1800, AND THE MARKET FOR EXPERTISE." Historical Journal 55, no. 3 (August 3, 2012): 597–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x12000192.
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ABSTRACTEighteenth-century architect-builders were a small group, but important for understanding the market strategies of knowledge-based experts in an age of rapid growth in technical information before the creation of modern professions. This article confronts a teleological historiography of emerging professionalization. It is focused on Robert Mylne and several of his contemporaries in Edinburgh and London, including a number of successful London-based Scots who were active as architects, builders, engineers, and surveyors, and self-styled in all these areas when it suited them. It supplies an account of what it took for building experts to establish themselves and flourish in big cities and the ways in which such experts navigated, controlled, and accommodated an environment of unregulated expertise that largely suited contemporary practitioners. Individual, family, and collective market strategies are examined in detail and the final section is a close analysis of the activities of the Architects Club in the 1790s.
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Meilvang, Marie Leth, and Anders Blok. "Det proto-jurisdiktionelle sprog." Tidsskrift for Professionsstudier 15, no. 28 (February 11, 2019): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/tfp.v15i28.113095.
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In this article, we inquire into the role played by language and core, politicized concepts in inter-professional coordination around expert work in transition. Empirically, we analyze how engineers and landscape architects cooperate around and compete for work related to rainwater management and climate adaptation in cities. We draw on qualitative empirical material, including around 30 in-terviews with involved professionals, focusing on the significance ascribed to the concept of "LAR", local drainage of rainwater, in the wider climate adaptation field since the 1990s. Using Andrew Abbott's (1988, 2005) theory of professions, we show how the story of LAR embodies a wider dynamic of 'proto-jurisdictional' emergence, with new professional roles and languages. Ab-bott places control over work tasks center stage in analyzing professional relations; and this includes 'ecological' considerations for how professions relate to political and academic institutions. On this basis, we show how professional actors use the specific LAR concept as a way of claiming compe-tence and forge alliances with others in the climate adaptation field. In reference to Abbott's notion of the 'knowledge systems' of professions, the implication we draw is that we need to understand professional languages in relation to broader jurisdictional struggles and translations between politi-cal and academic discourses.
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Lee, Young S. "Creative workplace characteristics and innovative start-up companies." Facilities 34, no. 7/8 (May 3, 2016): 413–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-06-2014-0054.
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Purpose This study aims to investigate the characteristics of the physical work environment that are known and used in practice to promote creativity for innovative start-up workplaces. The first part of the study identified these characteristics from a content and visual analysis, and examined the current state of implementation of these characteristics in the work environments of innovative start-up companies. The second part of the study examined criticalness and practicality of these characteristics in the workplace with a group of experts in the workplace design, evaluation and management. Design/methodology/approach A content and visual analysis for written and visual images was conducted to identify a comprehensive list of characteristics of the physical work environment critical to creativity of the workplace. With the seven characteristics identified, an instrument was developed and interviews were conducted to assess the physical work environments of 22 innovative start-up companies in Michigan. Following up the interviews, an expert group was formed with 26 professionals including architects, interior designers, facility managers and CEOs. A survey was conducted with them to understand the significance and implementation issues among the seven characteristics. Findings The most frequently incorporated characteristics in the innovative start-up companies in Michigan were spaces for idea generation, technology interface for collaboration and spaces for a short mental break or social hangout. The three most important physical work environmental characteristics for companies to produce creative, innovative ideas and products/services for growth and market competitiveness were balanced layout, technology interface for collaboration and spaces for idea generation. Originality/value The study provides a comprehensive framework to evaluate creative workplace regarding the physical environment. It also offers insights on the work environments of the innovative start-up companies for increased creativity and innovation performance in the workplace.
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Wittmann-Wurzer, Annegret Jutta, and Nicola Zech. "What are the determinants of European hotel room design 2030?" Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 11, no. 2 (April 8, 2019): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-11-2018-0076.
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Purpose The purpose of this research paper is to identify determinants influencing hotel room design now and in the future to offer hotel owners, hotel investors, architects and other partners involved in hotel planning, a framework regarding hotel room design 2030. Based both on theoretical foundations and empirical findings, guidelines for an innovative future hotel room design are evolved and represented by a triangular model. Design/methodology/approach A detailed analysis of basic and topic-related hotel management literature as well as of promising best practices of leading international hotel companies is supplemented by the evaluation of 27 expert interviews with hoteliers of varying hotel conceptions in Germany, Austria and Spain. Findings The paper presents qualitative as well as quantitative results of the applied methodology and leads to the emergence of a triangular model for an innovative future hotel room design approach. Research limitations/implications Safety and security aspects (both physical and virtual) as well as sustainability as a limiting factor have not been further discussed within the model construction so far. Practical implications The theoretical findings and the emergent framework may be customized to the determining factors and specific needs of individual hotels, hotel consortia or hotel chains to meet the needs of hotel room design 2030. Originality/value This research paper offers guidelines beyond design aspects by considering target group priorities, technological innovation and economical aspects.
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Töppel, Mandy, and Christian Reichel. "Qualitative Methods and Hybrid Maps for Spatial Perception with an Example of Security Perception." Urban Planning 6, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i1.3614.
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The security/insecurity of our cities has become the subject of public debate in recent years. The individual intuitions about security or insecurity can vary with age, gender, social background, personal constitution and previous positive or negative experiences. They are also constantly (re)produced, as perceptions of space are individual and selective. Noting these variations, materialised factors also play a major role, e.g., recessed house entrances, dense or high hedges, poor orientation options, dark places, etc. Attributing meaning to these materialised factors, real constructs are formed which create positive or negative narratives about certain (urban) spaces, influencing the actual use and design of urban spaces. To investigate the importance attached to certain spaces, qualitative methods are required for examining socio-spatial situations, perceptual processes and attribution. Using different methods in an explorative and in-depth descriptive research phase, such as expert interviews, user observations, surveys on go-alongs, participatory mapping with detailed information on structural and spatial locations, the advantages and disadvantages of method selection are presented. Berlin’s Alexanderplatz was used as a case study area to determine perceptions of security in urban areas. We confirmed that despite variations, certain subjective perceptions concerning visibility, brightness, and audibility are collective. Additionally, hybrid maps are used to explain how subjective perceptions of space, combined with 3D graphics, can alert architects and city planners to uncertainty among users of public space.
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Zulkepli, Masitah Binti, Ibrahim Bin Sipan, and Jibril Danazimi Jibril. "Conceptual Framework for Green Affordable Home in Malaysia." Advanced Materials Research 689 (May 2013): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.689.86.
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In recent years, interests and activities related to green building has increased. As stakeholders such as builders, architects, and developers have moved towards implementing green building criteria and sub criteria of energy efficiency and the greater usage of reuse and recycled materials in developing homes. The benefits of this transition also influenced the development of affordable homes. In Malaysia, green building for new residential construction consists of six criteria. However the green building criteria are not focusing on affordable home as in Green Communities in US, Eco Homes in UK and Ecocents Living in Australia. Indeed, they have their own green criteria and sub criteria as a means and guidelines for green affordable home development. This paper aims to perceive the criteria and sub criteria of green building which correspond to the types of affordable home in respect to local condition within Malaysia. This research will utilize the Delphi Hierarchy Process (DHP) methodology which integrates the delphi method with the analytic hierarchy process. It assists the expert panels to systematically identify the green affordable home criteria and sub criteria. The findings proposed in this research will be DHP decision model for green affordable home in Malaysia as a tool for decision making for developers in green affordable home development. It is hoped that this study will help to cater the issues of affordable homes as well as environmental with implementation of green building criteria and sub criteria into affordable home in Malaysia.
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Haberlandová, Katarína. "The New Synagogue in Žilina, Slovakia: participation as a method of heritage renewal." An Eastern Europe Vision, no. 59 (2018): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.52200/59.a.2za3or8e.
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The Neolog [New] Synagogue in Žilina is an exceptional work, and not only through its having been designed in 1928 by the renowned architect Peter Behrens. The present contribution discusses this work by Peter Behrens – an important landmark constructed well outside the major urban centers for 20th century architecture in a provincial Slovak town. Its most recent restoration, completed in May 2017, lasted a full five years. During this time, many discussions took place among heritage experts, theorists and architects, which eventually formulated the architectonic idea of the reconstruction into its final form. In addition, the realization was greatly assisted not only by the team of architects but many volunteers. The project for the New Synagogue won many awards and is viewed positively as a source of inspiration, perhaps even more so since it overcame several problematic moments regarding its financing, but also in the search for the best restoration methods and met them successfully
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S., Gopikrishnan, and Virendra Kumar. "User centric facility maintenance model for public housing." Facilities 37, no. 11/12 (August 5, 2019): 839–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-09-2018-0110.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a user-centric facility maintenance model through user satisfaction index linked intervention strategies for public housing. Design/methodology/approach User requirements are standardized by ISO 6241-1984(E), building performance attributes (BPAs) influencing those user requirements are identified. Selected BPAs are amplified as sub attributes characterizing BPAs. Grouping of BPAs are done to suit established hierarchy of government facility maintenance (FM) agencies. Post validation of BPAs/sub attributes for adequacy, they are ranked and weights assigned through expert survey. Questionnaire designed to garner user feedback based on BPAs and sub attributes to develop a user satisfaction index (USI) that can enable quantification of user feedback. A theoretical framework for interventions is designed which can be enmeshed in existing hierarchy of FM agencies. Findings 84 per cent of expert survey group comprising architects/planners/engineers/facility managers/consultants agreed on adequacy of attributes and 78 per cent endorsed necessity for amplification of BPAs through sub attributes. USI shall facilitate comparison of pre- and post-implementation of interventions. A theoretical framework for FM agencies is developed for interventions. Research limitations/implications The FM model presently is limited to application only in public housing. For wider application to other built facilities, choice of BPAs need to made accordingly. As the implementation of interventions and its comparison is likely to take at least a financial year, the theoretical framework can be validated subsequently as a future scope of research. Practical implications The biggest implication of this FM model is that the most important stakeholder, that is, end user/occupant gets to register feedback on building performance. This model establishes accountability of government FM agencies and also validates the methods and processes adopted for maintenance of built facilities. Social implications A section of the feedback comprises issues not directly related building envelope but societal issues. This feedback in the long run can become a repertoire of data for administrative agencies to map changing aspirations of government employees with respect to authorization/entitlements. Originality/value Quantification of user satisfaction is an inevitable necessity in spite of being a qualitative aspect. This study makes a unique attempt to provide a framework to establish accountability of government FM agencies which is presently non-existent.
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Hart, Dana. "Creating the High-Functioning Library Space: Expert Advice from Librarians, Architects, and Designers. Marta Mestrovic Deyrup, ed. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Libraries Unlimited, 2017. 158p. Paper $70.00 (ISBN 978-1-4408-4058-6)." College & Research Libraries 79, no. 7 (2018): 994–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crl.79.7.994.
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Laurinavičiūtė, Rimantė, and Laura Tupėnaitė. "NAUJOS STATYBOS DAUGIABUČIŲ NAMŲ PROJEKTŲ VILNIAUS MIESTE DAUGIAKRITERIS VERTINIMAS PRIEINAMUMO GYVENTOJAMS ASPEKTU / MULTIPLE CRITERIA ASSESSMENT OF THE NEW RESIDENTIAL PROJECTS IN VILNIUS: AFFORDABILITY ASPECT." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 10 (December 21, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2018.2203.
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Housing is one of most valuable purchases in human life and has a significant impact on the quality of life of households. Architects, builders, government and other market players arefacing major challenges in developing high-quality housing projects. Housing must be both high-quality and affordable to the population. In this article the affordability of five multi-apartment building projects in Vilnius is evaluated by using the multiple criteria assessment method COPRAS. The concept of affordable housing, based on the analysis of scientific literature, is provided; a system of criteria for assessing the affordability of housing developed; weights of criteria by using the expert survey method calculated; multiple criteria assessment of the residential projects performed; the projects that are most affordable to the residents of Vilnius identified. The assessment methodology presented in the article is universal and can be applied to other multi-apartment building projects. Santrauka Būstas dažnai tampa vienu didžiausių pirkinių žmogaus gyvenime ir daro reikšmingą įtaką namų ūkių gyvenimo kokybei. Architektai, statytojai, vyriausybė ir kiti rinkos dalyviai, siekdami vystyti kokybiškus būsto projektus, susiduria su dideliais iššūkiais. Būstas turi būti ne tik kokybiškas, bet ir prieinamas gyventojams. Šiame straipsnyje, taikant COPRAS daugiakriterio vertinimo metodą, analizuojamas penkių daugiabučių namų statybos projektų Vilniaus mieste prieinamumas gyventojams. Pateikiama prieinamo būsto samprata, mokslinės literatūros analizės pagrindu sudaroma ir aprašoma būsto prieinamumo vertinimo kriterijų sistema, ekspertų apklausos metodu nustatomas kriterijų reikšmingumas, remiantis projektų analize nustatomos kriterijų reikšmės, atliekamas projektų alternatyvų daugiakriteris vertinimas, leidžiantis išskirti projektus, kurie yra prieinamiausi Vilniaus miesto gyventojams. Straipsnyje pateikta vertinimo metodika yra universali ir gali būti taikoma kitiems daugiabučių namų projektams vertinti.
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Gelfond, Anna L. "The Concept of Potential Spatial Frameworks of Historical Settlements." Scientific journal “ACADEMIA. ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION”, no. 1 (March 18, 2019): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2077-9038-2019-1-26-34.
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The topic of the article arose on the basis of the current promises of recent times, which largely determine the creative tasks of both practicing architects and scientists in the field of theory and history of architecture: the implementation of the priority project "The formation of a comfortable urban environment", the all-Russian contest "Historical settlements and small towns", the formation in the Russian Federation of a newlist of historical settlements, which is being worked on by the Association "Russian province" scientific and expert Council. The article introduces the concept of "potential spatial framework of historical settlement", which is formed as an integral one on the basis of natural-ecological, historical- cultural, social and business spatial frameworks of the city. Depending on the "dominant" dictating a particular type of potential spatial framework, it can be museum and exhibition, cultural and educational, pilgrimage, tourist, ethnographic, etc. Frameworks nodes fix respectively valuable natural landscapes, objects of cultural heritage, elements of the system of service. Axes - transport and pedestrian communications carried out at different hierarchical levels: connection of cultural heritage objects in a historical settlement; connection of transit public spaces; communication within districts; connection of historical settlements with each other; their connection with a large city. Public space is considered as a typological unit of the architectural environment; which merged its natural, historical and social components. In the creation of potential spatial frameworks in small historical cities and historical centers oflarge cities, where the basis of spatial development are monuments of architecture and it is possible to implement the principle of continuity of the public spaces, the approach to the revitalization of historical settlements is seen.
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Mateosian, Richard. "Software Architects [review of 97 Things Every Software Architect Should Know: Collective Wisdom from the Experts (Monson-Haefel, R., Ed.; 2009)]." IEEE Micro 29, no. 3 (May 2009): 62–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mm.2009.47.
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Szacka, Léa-Catherine. "Insight: life, death, and ephemerality of Postmodern Architecture." Architectural Research Quarterly 22, no. 3 (September 2018): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135518000659.
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In De Arquitectura, Vitruvius lists three interrelated Latin terms – firmitas (strength or structural stability), utilitas (functionality or appropriate spatial accommodation), and venustas (beauty or attractive appearance), as being the basis of good architecture. Regarding firmitas, he implies that a good architect needs to choose the best and most solid materials, regardless of their cost. Yet, perhaps dismissing Vitruvius's advice, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, most Postmodern architects went on to erect buildings that often looked more like stage sets than anything strong and durable.Postmodern designers applied colour, pattern, and ornament to buildings, transferring ordinary and everyday popular imagery, forms, and material into high culture. By rejecting modern design and aesthetics, they also dismissed the building techniques and materials used by their predecessors. As explained by experts from the Portland-based architecture firm Peter Meijer Architect, PC (PMA), ‘there is an inherent impermanence of the original materials based on a default decision making process that limited a building's longevity to a twenty-five year life-cycle’ for Postmodern architecture. In other words, Postmodern buildings were often built as ephemeral constructions, for which longevity was not an absolute value.
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Joglekar, Sagar, Daniele Quercia, Miriam Redi, Luca Maria Aiello, Tobias Kauer, and Nishanth Sastry. "FaceLift: a transparent deep learning framework to beautify urban scenes." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 1 (January 2020): 190987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190987.
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In the area of computer vision, deep learning techniques have recently been used to predict whether urban scenes are likely to be considered beautiful: it turns out that these techniques are able to make accurate predictions. Yet they fall short when it comes to generating actionable insights for urban design. To support urban interventions, one needs to go beyond predicting beauty, and tackle the challenge of recreating beauty. Unfortunately, deep learning techniques have not been designed with that challenge in mind. Given their ‘black-box nature’, these models cannot be directly used to explain why a particular urban scene is deemed to be beautiful. To partly fix that, we propose a deep learning framework (which we name FaceLift 1 ) that is able to both beautify existing urban scenes (Google Street Views) and explain which urban elements make those transformed scenes beautiful. To quantitatively evaluate our framework, we cannot resort to any existing metric (as the research problem at hand has never been tackled before) and need to formulate new ones. These new metrics should ideally capture the presence (or absence) of elements that make urban spaces great. Upon a review of the urban planning literature, we identify five main metrics: walkability, green spaces, openness, landmarks and visual complexity. We find that, across all the five metrics, the beautified scenes meet the expectations set by the literature on what great spaces tend to be made of. This result is further confirmed by a 20-participant expert survey in which FaceLift has been found to be effective in promoting citizen participation. All this suggests that, in the future, as our framework’s components are further researched and become better and more sophisticated, it is not hard to imagine technologies that will be able to accurately and efficiently support architects and planners in the design of the spaces we intuitively love.
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Beranič , Tina, Vili Podgorelec, and Marjan Heričko. "Towards a Reliable Identification of Deficient Code with a Combination of Software Metrics." Applied Sciences 8, no. 10 (October 12, 2018): 1902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8101902.
Full textAbstract:
Different challenges arise while detecting deficient software source code. Usually a large number of potentially problematic entities are identified when an individual software metric or individual quality aspect is used for the identification of deficient program entities. Additionally, a lot of these entities quite often turn out to be false positives, i.e., the metrics indicate poor quality whereas experienced developers do not consider program entities as problematic. The number of entities identified as potentially deficient does not decrease significantly when the identification of deficient entities is carried out by applying code smell detection rules. Moreover, the intersection of entities identified as allegedly deficient among different code smell detection tools is small, which suggests that the implementation of code smell detection rules are not consistent and uniform. To address these challenges, we present a novel approach for identifying deficient entities that is based on applying the majority function on the combination of software metrics. Program entities are assessed according to selected quality aspects that are evaluated with a set of software metrics and corresponding threshold values derived from benchmark data, considering the statistical distributions of software metrics values. The proposed approach was implemented and validated on projects developed in Java, C++ and C#. The validation of the proposed approach was done with expert judgment, where software developers and architects with multiple years of experiences assessed the quality of the software classes. Using a combination of software metrics as the criteria for the identification of deficient source code, the number of potentially deficient object-oriented program entities proved to be reduced. The results show the correctness of quality ratings determined by the proposed identification approach, and most importantly, confirm the absence of false positive entities.
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Hatmoko, Adi Utomo. "Kreativitas serta Tradisi dan Inovasi dalam Pendidikan Arsitektur." SMART: Seminar on Architecture Research and Technology 5, no. 1 (July 26, 2021): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21460/smart.v5i1.146.
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Title: Creativity with Tradition and Innovation in Architectural Education
Our undergraduate architecture education is generally oriented towards professional education and not academic education. This professional education originated from the tradition of workshops and skills, in addition to being heavily influenced by the world of art and culture. Therefore, many are characterized by the existence of trial and error caused because the problem is wicked rather than tame. Professional education with a touch of art that is wild will really need a very close interaction between the master and apprentice. Because of this system, the transfer of skills and knowledge will move effectively. The quality of the design can basically be improved by studying precedents (architectural works that already exist and are considered successful) and a further understanding of the principles underlying the architectural work (principles, ideas about aspects that make architectural works successful). Regarding the implications of use and image for the architectural work). Like other creative artists, architects use some strategies that they are accustomed to from time to time. They learn through experience, absorbing lessons from each design case so that later works will be influenced by previous works. Redrawing and imitating the master's work consciously is an important step here. After observing and imitating, it is hoped that the beginner can consciously discover the principles that underlie the work of the expert. In the end, it is hoped that the beginner will someday be able to work with a strategy that is more in line with his abilities and wishes. Now, our challenge is how these things can be done well, while the interaction of lecturers and students, apprentices and apprentices, is limited due to the pandemic.