Academic literature on the topic 'Expert architects'
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Journal articles on the topic "Expert architects"
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Jog, Bharati, and Maria Zemankova. "Energy expert: An expert system for architects." Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 13, no. 1 (January 1989): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-9715(89)90005-7.
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Gedutis, Aldis. "Architektūrinės ir istorinės Klaipėdos vizijų konkurencija: drąsūs sprendimai ar darnus išsaugojimas?" Sociologija. Mintis ir veiksmas 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 210–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/socmintvei.2012.1.403.
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Santrauka. Svarstant aktualius miesto planavimo ir įvaizdžio klausimus bene daugiausia kontroversijų kelia dabarties ir praeities architektūriniai objektai. Šie objektai keisdami miesto veidą tuo pat metu koreguoja ir miesto praeitį. Architektūrinės priemonės praeitį gali pertvarkyti, atnaujinti, išsaugoti, naikinti ir t.t. Tokiu būdu architektų veikla patenka į istorikų akiratį. Straipsnyje remiamasi analitine architektūros istoriko Manfredo Tafuri schema, kurioje aiškiai atribojama architektų ir architektūros istorikų veikla. Jei architektai orientuojasi į veiksmą, praktiką, ateities viziją ir utopiją, tai istorikų veikla siejama su teorija, kritiškumu, praeitimi ir atmintimi. Tarp šių kraštutinių figūrų Tafuri įkomponuoja architektūros kritiką, kuris priklausomas tiek nuo architektūros (kaip tyrimo objekto), tiek nuo istorijos (kaip žinių). Tafuri schema nėra pilna – joje trūksta paveldosaugininko. Įtraukiant šį veikiantį asmenį gaunamas išbaigtas modelis, kurį jungia keturios kategorijos: teorija (istorikas ir kritikas), praktika (architektas ir paveldosaugininkas), praeitis (istorikas ir paveldosaugininkas) ir ateitis (architektas ir kritikas). Pakoreguota Tafuri schema taikoma analizuojant Klaipėdos mieste 1990–2010 vykusias sąveikas, diskusijas ir kontroversijas, atsižvelgiant į dvi dominuojančias miesto planavimo bei materialaus paveldo apsaugos vizijas – architektūrinę ir istorinę.Raktažodžiai: architektūra, istorija, konkurencija, Manfredo Tafuri, Klaipėda.Keywords: architecture, history, competition, Manfredo Tafuri, Klaipeda. ABSTRACTTHE COMPETITION BETWEEN ARCHITECTURAL AND HISTORICAL VISIONS OF KLAIPEDA: BRAVE DECISIONS VS. SUSTAINABLE PRESERVATIONThe issue of the relation of Klaipeda’s image to urban planning has been the subject of intense debate. Old and new buildings transforming Klaipeda’s image at once correct and adjust the city’s past: its past can for example be reshaped, renewed, preserved or destroyed by architectural means. Thus architecture becomes an object of historical interest. In this article the analytic scheme proposed by the architectural historian Manfredo Tafuri is employed. Importantly, Tafuri dissociates architects from architectural historians: the former is operative, utopian and future-oriented; the latter is critical, memorial and oriented to the past. Between the two extremes Tafuri places the figure of the architectural critic, who is dependent on both architecture (as an object) and history (as knowledge). Such a schema is however incomplete as Tafuri ignores the figure of the expert of heritage protection. In the expert of heritage protection Tafuri’s schema can be refigured around four categories: theory (historian and critic), practice (architect and expert of heritage protection), past (historian and expert of heritage protection) and future (architect and critic). This upgraded framework is applied to the case of Klaipeda city in order to describe recent encounters, controversies and conflicts between two predominant visions – architectural and historical – concerning city planning and the protection of material heritage.
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Prakash, Anand, and Milind Phadtare. "Service quality for architects: scale development and validation." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 25, no. 5 (June 18, 2018): 670–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-03-2017-0046.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop and explain an empirically validated scale to measure service quality for architects in India. Design/methodology/approach This study applies a systematic procedure for development of a psychometric scale in three phases. Phase 1 includes item generation and selection through review of literature and expert opinion. Phase 2 comprises scale refinement using item analysis and exploratory factor analysis. Phase 3 applies confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for establishing convergent, discriminant and nomological validity. This study has involved 15 expert participants in Phase 1 and sought participation from 250 respondents using an online questionnaire in two other independent phases. Findings The findings of the empirical study resulted in the development of a 22-item scale that measures the constructs such as design quality, project administration quality, communication quality, relationship quality and dependability quality. Research limitations/implications This study has developed a context-specific psychometric scale of service quality for architects in India using snowball sampling. Although this study identified five valid service quality factors, the classified information relating to the formation of expectations was not collected. Practical implications This reliable and valid scale would be helpful for architects to measure the level of service quality in enhancing business performance. This study has established that service quality for architects is achieved only when the perceived benefits are available from the aspects like design, project administration, communication, relationship and dependability. Social implications This study can facilitate an architect interested in opportunities relating to contracting, consulting and engineering to explore possibilities of higher fees from clients. Originality/value This study is an original attempt in developing a validated tool to measure service quality of architects in India.
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You, Hee Jong. "A Study on Safety Entrance Door for Crime Prevention -Expert(Architects) Survey-." Residential Environment Institute Of Korea 17, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22313/reik.2019.17.1.91.
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Mallery, Mary. "Creating the High-Functioning Library Space: Expert Advice from Librarians, Architects, and Designers. (2017)." Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship 29, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 283–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1941126x.2017.1378552.
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Lee, Hyung-Sook, and Eun-Yeong Park. "Developing a Landscape Sustainability Assessment Model Using an Analytic Hierarchy Process in Korea." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010301.
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With the increasing interest in integrative sustainable development, there has been a strong need for a landscape sustainability assessment tool independent from the existing green building rating system. This study aimed to establish an assessment model to objectively evaluate landscape sustainability using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Through an extensive literature review and expert survey, an initial list of assessment items was derived and used to set up an AHP model. An AHP survey with landscape architects and architects/engineers was then conducted to determine the importance of the assessment factors. In addition, the model was applied to three projects that were previously certified by a green building rating system in Korea. The AHP results showed that “site context” ranked as the most important factor of landscape sustainability followed by “soil and vegetation,” “maintenance,” “water,” “health and wellbeing,” and “materials.” Among the 20 assessment factors, “monitoring plan” was evaluated as the most important index, followed by “protection of cultural heritage” and “long-term management plan.” Landscape architects evaluated “soil and vegetation” as the most important in the assessment, while the engineers/architects group rated “site context” as the most important. When tested by applying them to the previously certified projects, the developed factors provided more objective and detailed information on landscape sustainability.
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Kreitler, Shulamith, and Hernan Casakin. "Self-Perceived Creativity." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 25, no. 3 (January 2009): 194–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.25.3.194.
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In view of unclear previous findings about the validity of self-assessed creativity, the hypothesis guiding the present study was that validity would be proven if self-assessed creativity was examined with respect to a specific domain, specific product, specific aspects of creativity, and in terms of specific criteria. The participants were 52 architecture students. The experimental task was to design a small museum in a described context. After completing the task, the students self-assessed their creativity in designing with seven open-ended questions, the Self-Assessment of Creative Design questionnaire, and a list of seven items tapping affective metacognitive aspects of the designing process. Thus, 21 creativity indicators were formed. Four expert architects, working independently, assessed the designs on nine creativity indicators: fluency, flexibility, elaboration, functionality, innovation, fulfilling specified design requirements, considering context, mastery of skills concerning the esthetics of the design representation, and overall creativity. The agreement among the architects’ evaluations was very high. The correlations between the nine corresponding indicators in students’ assessment of their design and those of the experts were positive and significant with respect to three indicators: fluency, flexibility, and overall creativity. On the contrary, the correlations of the rest noncorresponding indicators with those of the experts were not significant. The findings support the validity of self-assessed creativity with specific restrictions.
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Özdemir, Esin. "The role of the expert knowledge in politicizing urban planning processes: A case from Istanbul." Planning Theory 18, no. 2 (November 2, 2018): 237–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473095218809747.
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This article discusses the relationship between the expert knowledge and the prospects of politicizing and democratizing urban planning. The term ‘experts’ refers mainly to urban planners, yet also includes architects, engineers and lawyers, who are specialized in planning. The article begins with a review of the critical literature on communicative planning, agonistic pluralism, agonistic planning and discussions on what needs to be done in planning focusing on the role of the expert knowledge. It argues that expert knowledge can gain different and multi-dimensional roles in urban planning processes, leading not necessarily to techno-management, yet contributing in their inclusiveness and conflict sensitivity. Encompassing both technical support and objective intermediation for local communities, it can both be utilized to build an agonistic space and help the communities better utilize the existing communicative/collaborative channels to voice their disagreements. By this way, it contributes in the politicization and democratization of planning processes. With this argument, the article also aims to challenge the strict distinction between ‘the politics’ and ‘the political’ as well as the related communicative–agonistic divide. The argument is supported by evidence from a case study on two informally built residential neighbourhoods in Istanbul, where there has been an active citizen opposition and involvement in a planning process.
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Rohovit, Taren, Spencer Ivy, Mark Lavelle, Jeanine Stefanucci, Dustin Stokes, and Trafton Drew. "Through the eyes of an expert: Evaluating holistic processing in architects using gaze-contingent viewing." Journal of Vision 20, no. 11 (October 20, 2020): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.20.11.294.
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Vartanian, Oshin, Alenoush Vartanian, Roger E. Beaty, Emily C. Nusbaum, Kristen Blackler, Quan Lam, Elizabeth Peele, and Paul J. Silvia. "Revered today, loved tomorrow: Expert creativity ratings predict popularity of architects’ works 50 years later." Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts 11, no. 4 (November 2017): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/aca0000092.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Expert architects"
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Gobert, Janice D. "The interpretation of architectural plans by expert and sub-expert architects /." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55603.
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Bilda, Zafer. "The Role of Mental Imagery in Conceptual Designing." University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1411.
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PhDIn design literature, how designers think and how they design have been identified as a reflection of how they interact with their sketches. Sketching in architectural design is still a central concern which shapes our understanding of the design process and the development of new tools. Sketching not only serves as a visual aid to store and retrieve conceptualisations, but as a medium to facilitate more ideas, and to revise and refine these ideas. This thesis examined how mental imagery and sketching is used in designing by conducting a protocol analysis study with six expert architects. Each architect was required to think aloud and design under two different conditions: one in which s/he had access to sketching and one in which s/he was blindfolded (s/he did not have access to sketching). At the end of the blindfold condition the architects were required to quickly sketch what they held in their minds. The architects were able to come up with satisfying design solutions and some reported that using their imagery could be another way of designing. The resulting sketches were assessed by judges and were found to have no significant differences in overall quality. Expert architects were able to construct and maintain the design of a building without having access to sketching. The analysis of the blindfold and sketching design protocols did not demonstrate any differences in the quantity of cognitive actions in perceptual, conceptual, functional and evaluative categories. Each architect’s cognitive structure and designing behaviour in the blindfold activity mimicked her/his cognitive structure and designing behaviour in the sketching activity. The analysis of links between the design ideas demonstrated that architects’ performance in idea development was higher under the blindfold condition, compared to their sketching condition. It was also found that architects’ blindfold design performance was improved when they were more familiar with the site layout. These results imply that expert designers may not need sketching as a medium for their reflective conversation with the situation. This study indicates that constructing internal representations can be a strong tool for designing. Future studies may show that designers may not need sketching for the generation of certain designs during the early phases of conceptual designing.
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Nikolic, Slavica N. "Image and architecture : is what you expect what you get?" Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1191715.
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The profession of architecture is passing through challenging times. Technological progress and a rapidly changing society have brought confusion into the profession regarding the self-image of architects and the image of architects from the viewpoint of clients and the public. This has a concomitant echo within the images communicated by the built environment; buildings do not always perform the importance of human benefits among the economical, technological or expressionistic advantages.Throughout history, the image of architects reflected the position of the profession in a particular time and place. Architects carried with them the tags of genius, God creators, heroes, etc. The more recent history of architecture has brought changes in the practice and services that architecture offers. Differentiation of the building and design aspects of practice was the result of the growing complexity of the building market. The new aspects of the practice have been followed by a corresponding confusion regarding the images of the profession.Architects in North America today are experiencing the declining power of the profession; the public cannot clearly recognize the role of architecture and its extensible possibilities within society; and clients are less blindly trustful of the genius of the architect and are more specific in defining their goals. In addition, the marketable image cf a building has grown in demand, further prompted by signature architecture popularity on the one side and the profit oriented building market on the other. This diminishes human benefits - such as contextual, environmental and functional demands, to a name few - that architecture, as a social practice, should provide.The hypothesis proposed by this paper is that the declining power and shaken authority of the architectural profession produce the possibility of a manipulation by those who perceive buildings as a market product which in turn significantly threatens human values and the quality of life.In order to better understand the problems that are facing the profession the author conducted a one-year, full-time internship employment in a New York City based architecture & interior design firm, observing in particular the architect-client relationship and the design process itself. This paper analyzes present conditions in architectural practice concerning issues such as the images which society and the profession itself hold of architecture, how these images influence the physical environment that architects are creating, especially the relationships that are making possible the misinterpretations of these images.The most important issues that this research reveals relate to perceptions about the role of the architects in the building process and in the society. perceptions which consequently frame the possibilities of architectural practice. The everyday professional practice of architecture is influenced by a variety of factors and participants, which together tend t,-; limit architects to a singular and specific position, thus rendering them vulnerable to control the building process and the final product.Department of Architecture
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Rambow, Riklef. "Experten-Laien-Kommunikation in der Architektur /." Münster [u.a.] : Waxmann, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016564524&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Brodzák, Jan. "Rozšíření nástroje Process Inspector o export dat." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235522.
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This master's thesis describes the process of extending the Process Inspector for data export into Enterprise Architect. The thesis includes two sections - theoretical (dealing with the theoretical background of process management) and practical (the implementation itself).
Books on the topic "Expert architects"
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Allison, Jamie. The development of an expert system to aid landscape architects in the design system. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 2001.
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97 things every software architect should know: Collective wisdom from the experts. Beijing: O'Reilly, 2009.
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1951-, Casoy Daniel O., ed. Arquitectos argentinos for export: Diálogos y proyectos : Eduardo Catalano, César Pelli, Mario Corea, Emilio Ambasz, Eduardo Elkouss, Juan Pfeifer, Daniel Azerrad, Juan Lucas Young. Buenos Aires: Photon Press, 2008.
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Grossman, Luis J. Arquitectos argentinos for export: Diálogos y proyectos : Eduardo Catalano, César Pelli, Mario Corea, Emilio Ambasz, Eduardo Elkouss, Juan Pfeifer, Daniel Azerrad, Juan Lucas Young. Buenos Aires: Photon Press, 2008.
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Yarrow, Thomas. Architects. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501738494.001.0001.
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In a large room, on the third floor of an old woollen mill in the South West of England, nine architects spend most of their working lives, designing buildings and overseeing their construction. Asked where these come from, architects admit a kind of ignorance: 'Total magic!' as one puts it, 'Something comes from nothing!' Focusing on the everyday lives of architects, the book explores how buildings are assembled through an intimate and elusive choreography of people, materials, places, tools and ideas. Through these interactions, it asks and answers some questions of wider interest: What is the relationship between a working and a personal life? What is creativity? How is it possible to live truthfully in a world of contradiction and compromise? What does it mean to claim to know with authority? Most basically but most fundamentally the book is concerned with the question of what it is like to be an architect, and what lessons others might learn from the example their experience provides. Amongst other things, these have to do with the nature of expert knowledge, design, creativity and the central but less celebrated arts of administration.
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Curso de arquitectos peritos judiciales. Madrid: Colegio Oficial de Arquitectos de Madrid (COAM), 1992.
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Germann, Julian. Unwitting Architect. Stanford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503609846.001.0001.
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The global rise of neoliberalism since the 1970s is widely seen as a dynamic originating in the United States and the United Kingdom, and only belatedly and partially repeated by Germany. From this Anglocentric perspective, Germany's emergence at the forefront of neoliberal reforms in the eurozone is perplexing, and tends to be attributed to the same forces conventionally associated with the Anglo-American pioneers. This book challenges this ruling narrative. It recasts the genesis of neoliberalism as a process driven by a plenitude of actors, ideas, and interests. And it lays bare the pragmatic reasoning and counterintuitive choices of German crisis managers obscured by this master story. This book argues that German officials did not intentionally set out to promote neoliberal change. Instead they were more intent on preserving Germany's export markets and competitiveness in order to stabilize the domestic compact between capital and labor. Nevertheless, the series of measures German policy elites took to manage the end of golden-age capitalism promoted neoliberal transformation in crucial respects: it destabilized the Bretton Woods system; it undermined socialist and social democratic responses to the crisis in Europe; it frustrated an internationally coordinated Keynesian reflation of the world economy; and ultimately it helped push the US into the Volcker interest-rate shock that inaugurated the attack on welfare and labor under Reagan and Thatcher. From this vantage point, the book illuminates the very different rationale behind the painful reforms German state managers have demanded of their indebted eurozone partners.
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Meurig Thomas, John. Architects of Structural Biology. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198854500.001.0001.
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Designed for the non-specialist, the explanations and illustrations used here describe the work, personalities, collaborations, and idiosyncrasies of four of the most distinguished Nobel Laureates of the twentieth century. They exploited a discovery made over a century ago about the nature of X-rays, and thereby created a new branch of science. This enabled them to elucidate, in atomic detail, the structure and mode of action of molecules of the living world: enzymes, vitamins, and viruses, as well as antibiotics. Perutz and Kendrew, from their pioneering work using X-ray diffraction on haemoglobin and myoglobin, the proteins that transport and store oxygen in all animals, led them to establish in 1962 one of the most successful research centres ever—the Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB) in Cambridge. Medicines discovered there are used worldwide to treat leukaemia, arthritis, and other diseases. Their work also led to the creation in the United States of the Protein Data Bank that guides scientists in understanding the misfolding of proteins, which cause Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases. This book is first a memoir of these scientists and their contemporaries, many of them friends of the author. Second, it is an insight into the great excitement associated with structural molecular biology, which directly informs our understanding of ourselves. Third, it describes how two renowned research centres in the United Kingdom—the LMB and the Davy-Faraday Research Laboratory—achieved iconic status. It also highlights the importance of the popularization of science, of which Bragg, Perutz, and Kendrew, as well as Dorothy Hodgkin (who solved the structures of penicillin and vitamin B12) were experts.
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Architects of Occupation: American Experts and the Planning for Postwar Japan. Cornell University Press, 2017.
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Leading architects: Industry experts share their knowledge on the art and science of architecture. Boston, Mass: Aspatore, 2003.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Expert architects"
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Middleton, Howard. "Representation in the Transition from Novice to Expert Architect." In Transfer, Transitions and Transformations of Learning, 109–22. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-437-6_8.
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Yarrow, Thomas. "Before the Beginning." In Architects, 1–12. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501738494.003.0001.
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These sections introduce the structure and approach of the book. The ethnographic orientation is described as a commitment to explore the everyday practice of architecture, as architects experience and understand this. The descriptive orientation and aspiration is explained. The conceptual inspirations are outlined as a novel conjunction: of practice-based approaches to architecture, design and creativity; and those involving a more humanist imperative to 'humanise the expert'.
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Ballegaard, Emil, Masashi Kajita, and Paul Nicholas. "Users’ Experience in Digital Architectural Design: Combining Qualitative Research Methods with a Generative Model." In Universal Design 2021: From Special to Mainstream Solutions. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210407.
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This paper presents the development of a digital generative design tool for residential building that integrates qualitative data from potential users of buildings. The central aim is to understand and challenge the inherent biases in the design process of architecture for mobility impaired users, whose experiences might be difficult to understand for designers who often move around and use buildings without any difficulty. Although Universal Design promotes designed environments that are more sensitized with the diverse difference of individuals, the most of design generating tools are based on empirically deducted human needs, objectifying the people or seeing them as useful in simply validating design ideas. There is a clear distance in between the real needs and wishes of wheelchair users and what architects imagine when designing. Mixed-methods – expert interview, literature review and data analysis of disability blogs – are used to collect and analyse wheelchair users’ experience. Accumulated qualitative data is, then, used as guiding input for the development of an explorative generative model that effectively produces large number of floor plans for residential architecture. The developed generative model effectively selects floor plans that correspond with challenges described by the wheelchair users. The selected floor plans become informed starting points for spatial planning, which can guide architects to produce new and unexpected design solutions that are more sensitised to wheelchair users’ experience. The application of generative design tools in early stages of design tasks can help architects to understand users’ needs and wishes, and thus challenge biased assumptions about wheelchair users’ experiences. And yet, further research needs to be conducted in order to progress the system: additional user data and new design objectives can give rise to new hypothesis and allow the system to be more precise, responding to the complex reality of disabled people in their everyday lives.
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"Expert rules." In Architect's Guide to Feng Shui, 27–44. Routledge, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780080493909-6.
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Chidester, David. "Apartheid." In Religion, 124–32. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520297654.003.0011.
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Apartheid was established in South Africa between 1948 and 1994 as a force of exclusion and incorporation, excluding people from citizenship and exploiting people as labor. This chapter suggests that the term apartheid, meaning “separation,” was formative for certain ways of thinking about religion. One of the architects of apartheid, the anthropologist W. M. Eiselen, was a leading expert on indigenous religions in South Africa. Eiselen’s writings on African religion illustrate three overlapping types of comparative religion—a frontier comparative religion based on denial and containment; an imperial comparative religion assuming evolutionary progress from savagery to civilization; and an apartheid comparative religion creating and reinforcing boundaries to keep people apart. Although apartheid was formally established as a racist policy of separation in South Africa, the making and maintaining of boundaries has been a recurring feature of religious formations.
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Job, Débora Helena, Antônio Tadeu Azevedo Gomes, and Artur Ziviani. "Health Systems for Syndromic and Epidemiological Surveillance." In Advances in Healthcare Information Systems and Administration, 246–63. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0888-7.ch010.
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Health surveillance practices date back to decades ago. Traditionally, such practices to gather health data have been manual; more recently, however, computerized health information systems have been applied to enhance and facilitate health information acquisition for surveillance. The so-called health surveillance systems put in practice the systematic acquisition of health data, which is stored and processed for expert analysis. This chapter makes a survey of health surveillance systems dedicated to syndromic and epidemiological surveillance, identifying the different design and technological strategies adopted in the development of such systems. The aims of such a survey are: (1) to provide practitioners with some information about the collective expertise of health information system architects in the design and implementation of syndromic and epidemiological surveillance systems; and (2) to pave the way for the establishment of software product lines dedicated to such systems.
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AKIN, ÖMER. "Expertise of the Architect." In Expert Systems for Engineering Design, 173–96. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-605110-0.50012-4.
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"Architects as Experts of the Social:." In Brokers of Modernity, 57–96. Leuven University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvcwnzhj.7.
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Germann, Julian. "Defeating Alternatives." In Unwitting Architect, 107–37. Stanford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503609846.003.0006.
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This chapter examines the development of a grand economic strategy pursued by the German state from the mid-1970s onward. Its primary objective was to shore up the domestic compact between capital and labor internationally, which required maintaining stable prices and open markets for its exports. To German policymakers, this meant that Germany could not afford to turn inward, or to expend its resources on lofty visions of solidarity. Instead, Germany mobilized its monetary and financial power in order to counter the threats of protectionism and imported inflation posed by leftist crisis responses. The chapter details how German officials, through European exchange-rate cooperation and financial interventions coordinated with the US, sought to commit its European partners to an anti-inflationary program that would complement their own. The result, the chapter explains, was to frustrate progressive resolutions of the crisis and move the world closer toward the neoliberal counter-revolution.
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Germann, Julian. "Embedding Liberalism." In Unwitting Architect, 59–78. Stanford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503609846.003.0004.
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This chapter traces the long-term development of German capitalism from the vantage point of uneven and combined development. It argues that Germany’s postwar social market economy was built upon an externally oriented developmental model inherited from its belated insertion into the world market, and used to enroll capital and labor in a global export offensive. The underlying vision of Germany as the workshop of an advanced industrial and newly industrializing world coincided with the postwar plans of the United States for an open, multilateral global economy. And yet the chapter cautions that the prevailing image of Germany as a liberal “trading state” (Handelsstaat) that had traded power for wealth as its prime objective fails to capture the novel ways in which the German state, from the crisis of the 1970s onward, has come to exert its influence internationally to sustain this export-led social model.
Conference papers on the topic "Expert architects"
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Sunter, Catherine. "Teaching Timber: The Role of Studio Courses and Architectural Students Within an Interdisciplinary Research Project." In 2016 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2016.51.
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In 2013, the Wood Be Better (WBB) interdisciplinary research project was established, with the principal goal to produce and publicise knowledge that would facilitate the increased use of wood in buildings in urban areas in Norway. This article investigates six master-level studios at the Oslo School of Architecture and Design (AHO), from autumn 2013 to spring 2016, set up as laboratories for systematic architectural exploration within this research project. A set of structured, qualitative interviews with teachers, researchers and students, presents a broad account of the courses. The findings reveal an educational focus on investigating architectural solutions to complex urban situations and the development of technical and detailed knowledge in materials using the latest and expert knowledge within the interdisciplinary research team. The studios contributed to the research by illustrating the architectural implications of a variety of design alternatives, and in addition, embedded knowledge and interest in timber to the next generation of architects.
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Steinmuller, Antje, and Christopher Falliers. "Co-drawing: Forms of Spatial Communication as Formats for Collective Dialogue." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.35.
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‘Co-drawing’ explores architectural drawings as co-authored, cooperative instruments to envision multivalent and collective public space. This situates the architect as the designer of forms of/for public communication, spatial frameworks and tools stimulating multi-stakeholder involvement to visualize, advocate, recapture, and design. In public space design today, collaborations with multiple constituent stakeholders promote evolved architectural protocols and production. For the architect as expert, masterplans and guidelines give way to architectural frameworks for collective action, evolving development strategies, and multivalent designs.
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Gross, Anne, and Joerg Doerr. "What do software architects expect from requirements specifications? results of initial explorative studies." In 2012 IEEE First International Workshop on the Twin Peaks of Requirements and Architecture (Twin Peaks). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twinpeaks.2012.6344560.
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Bennett, Christopher, Scott Adams, and Nick Alexander. "Two Stage Data Driven V&V for an Agile Thermohydraulic Analysis Method." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-82628.
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Rolls-Royce has embarked on a Small Modular Reactor (SMR) design programme, which is developing a safe, deployable and affordable Nuclear Power Plant. An element of the work undertaken is the determination of the performance of nuclear reactor plants through the application of thermal hydraulic analysis methods. These methods are used throughout the product lifecycle; beginning with exploring the performance potential of design options and ultimately providing analysis to support the safety justification. To provide performance analysis at the earliest stages of design it is imperative to have a flexible analysis method that evolves alongside the design process while being able to inform the system architects at each phase. To achieve this goal an analysis method has been developed that allows for varying plant configurations with adjustable plant component geometries. The process of updating each of the plant component subsystem models has been automated and linked with an overarching database that allows system designers to directly update geometrical parameters. This approach to early concept design has led to the practice of two-stage verification and validation. The first stage is the traditional understanding of V&V, the verification of the models and supporting scripts through the use of a predefined rigorous test suite which encompasses unit tests through to full system integration tests. The second stage is data verification and validation, as the method has the ability to constantly update based on data input the verification of this input data is paramount. The design data is hierarchical, which in addition to a mean and an uncertainty distribution, requires knowledge of a transfer function. Each item of data is owned by the department that is the expert in that field, for example the steam generator dimensions are owned by the components team. It is the responsibility of each of the data owners to verify their data and ensure that any transfer functions are implemented correctly. As data is used in a cross discipline setting it requires a central storage location, this is the Master Parameter List (MPL). This repository defines the data, its format, its owner, and the last time it was updated among other things. This repository is the single point of truth for every data item used in analysis. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the way in which a flexible analysis method is created along with the framework that provides confidence in the analysis results through a two phase data driven V&V approach.
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Anderson, David, K. Blake Perez, Zack Xuereb, Kevin Otto, and Kris Wood. "Design Processes of Design Automation Practitioners." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85436.
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The use of computers during the design process continues to grow, calling for a better understanding of how experts make use of computer tools to automate and augment their design efforts. In this study, we examine how architects and engineers consider the use of computers and computation in planning a solution to a sample design problem. We find the design automation design process can be modeled with four phases; discovery, evaluation, extrapolation and interpolation. Unlike many design methods, we find the evaluation phase generally preceded the extrapolation phase. In addition, we identify common computational strategies and challenges faced by practitioners. Understanding this information can help advise and provide directions for designers across levels of expertise, to better integrate computers and computation in existing design work, and to direct further efforts in design automation research.
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van Beek, Thom J., and Tetsuo Tomiyama. "Combining User Workflow and System Functions in Product Development." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28821.
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This research addresses two aspects of multi disciplinary product development; understanding what the customer needs and translating this knowledge effectively into a transparent system architecture. A clear overview and understanding of this architecture can be obtained by using function models. How to make an effective translation from the customer needs to function models is not trivial. The approach taken in this research is to discuss, develop, negotiate, align and model the intended users’ workflow of the system. Multiple stakeholders (e.g. buyer, user, marketers, application experts, architects, designers and third party suppliers) should participate in this process. The user workflow is systematically mapped to a system function model. The contributions of this paper can be divided in two. First a systematic and easily applicable design method to capture and validate user requirements in a multi disciplinary design process using explicit workflow models is proposed. Secondly a systematic method of translating user workflow models to system function models will be given.
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Scientific Committee, EAAE-ARCC-IC. "EAAE-ARCC International Conference & 2nd VIBRArch: The architect and the city. Vol. 2." In EAAE-ARCC International Conference & 2nd VIBRArch. Valencia: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/eaae-arcc-ic.2020.13832.
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Contemporary thinking regarding architecture is nowadays rather dispersed. But most authors totally agree in the characteristics of the modern subject who inhabits it. This subject is rational, employs several logics and language resources, has articulated complex societies and organizational structures and has created cities to meet and grow. This anthropological relation between architecture and city has gone through different stages in recent times. In the first half of the twentieth century, cities took the initiative by means of their experts as a direct extension of a society which was questioning many aspects of obedience. However, the second half of the twentieth century was marked by a more acquiescent temper, with profitability and productivity in the foreground. As a result, their remarkable growing often has blurred them, habitational products are not connected with social subjects and development initiative is taken by productive sectors. Facing this situation, architecture has recently made a move and has retaken the initiative leaded by a third revisionist generation which employs different cultural variables such as alterity, applied sociology or social activism. Debates on sustainability, landscape, environment, new documentary frameworks and mapping processes, have set the place for new reflections on: limits, borders, traces, surroundings-city interaction, compact or diffuse cities, and many more. Along with such a themed view new topics such as revisiting the rural, have emerged. This third way has collaterally connected with new parameters derived from committed activism such as cooperation, development, third world, urban overcrowdings, residual fabrics, refugee camps, and others which have incorporated new material and strategic discourses on recycling, crowdfunding or low-cost. The profusion of divisions of the problem has characterized a time of fragmented tests, with a noticeable loss of general perspective and where the architects’ responsibility about the cities has again broken through but in a fairly hesitant and slow way. Against this background, a fourth and contemporary and critical generation is characterized by the cohesion of speeches, positions and approaches. With an inclusive, transversal and revisionist nature, incorporates and revisits concepts such as feminism, gender, childhood, shelter, migration, wealth, transversality, glocality, interculturality, multiculturality and many more. Hence, we nowadays face the challenge of refounding the concept of city for the future generations, subjected to the duality of the inherited city and its expansion, to the duality of what is consigned and what is missing. The 2020 edition of the EAAE-ARCC International Conference to be held in Valencia, Spain, along with the 2nd edition of the Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture will welcome keynote speakers and papers that explore the future of cities and the regained leading role that architects should have in its design.
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Mattern Büttiker, Sharon M., James King, Susie Winter, and Crane Hassold. "Should You Pay for the Chicken When You Can Get It for Free? No Longer Life on the Farm as We Know It." In Charleston Library Conference. Purdue Univeristy, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317182.
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The scholarly publishing ecosystem is being forced to adapt following changes in funding, scholarly review, and distribution. Taken alone, each changemaker could markedly influence the entire chain of research consumption. Combining these change forces together has the potential for a complete upheaval in the biome. During the 2019 Charleston Library conference, a panel of stakeholders representing researchers, funders, librarians, publishers, digital security experts, and content aggregators addressed such questions as what essential components constitute scholarly literature and who should shepherd them. The 70-minute open dialogue with audience participation invited a range of opinions and viewpoints on the care, feeding, and safekeeping of peer-reviewed scholarly research. The panelists were: James King, Branch Chief & Information Architect at the NIH; Sharon Mattern Büttiker, Director of Content Management at Reprints Desk; Crane Hassold, Senior Director of Threat Research at Agari; and Susie Winter, Director of Communications and Engagement, Springer Nature. The panel was moderated by Beth Bernhardt, Consortia Account Manager at Oxford University Press. Beth posed questions to the panel and each panelist replied from their vantage point. The lively discussion touched on ideas and solutions not yet discussed in an open forum. Such collaborative approaches are now more essential than ever for shaping the progress of the scientific research community. In attendance were librarians, editorial staff, business development managers, data handlers, library collection managers, content aggregators, security experts and CEOs.
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Pozzati, Alice. "Da macchina da guerra a “decoroso fondale”: la Cittadella di Torino nell’Ottocento." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11325.
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From war machine to “decorous backdrop”: the Citadel of Turin in the nineteenth centuryThe citadel of Turin, built in the sixteenth century by the duke Emanuele Filiberto, became an expensive and obsolete object that hampered the enlargements during the nineteenth century. The Enlargement Plan for the capital designed by Carlo Promis (1851-1852) progressively reduced the military constraints facing the citadel. In 1856 the City Council decreed the demolition of the defensive structure. During the demolition one section of the building was spared: the donjon. In 1864 it became the urban background of the statue erected in honor of Pietro Micca, the “soldier mineworker” hero of the siege in 1706. Therefore, this project became an opportunity for the Municipality and the Ministry of War to discuss two central issues. On one hand, the need to set up a “decorous backdrop” to the Piedmontese hero, and on the other hand keeping the costs of the restoration project to a minimum. A well-known architect from Turin named Carlo Ceppi presented an accurate report about the choices of the “restoration” works. Finally, in 1892 the responsibility of the work was given to the engineer Riccardo Brayda, who was an expert in medieval and modern architecture.
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Sozer, Hatice, and Mahjoub Elnimeiri. "Identification of Barriers to PV Application Into the Building Design." In ASME 2003 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2003-44233.
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Even though there are a number of examples of BIPV, the concept of integration into the building and its design process have not yet been clearly defined. Lack of integration makes this new technology application expensive and very complex to implement. The challenge is how to make this new concept easily applicable and to spread this promising technology for users. In order for PV technology to be added effectively into the design process, full integration is essential. Full integration can be achieved when close interface develops between the PV System and the elements of the building design process. The design process is the spine that links the building from its inception all through its life cycle. The architects, along with the consultants and technical experts, are directly responsible for this process. PV has to be part of the building material and its building material properties have to be equivalent to other conventional building materials. PV has to fit into the building design process from the beginning. As a building component, it has to have certain standards and codes that will fit well within general building codes. This paper starts with the definition of the architectural building design process. It then continues with identifying the barriers that have direct effect on this process. These barriers are lack of interface (integration with typical building process), lack of common language, mismatched potential, unknown performance, and lack of economic analysis. The paper concludes by giving suggestions on how these barriers can be broken.