Academic literature on the topic 'Experiential Avoidance Model'
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Journal articles on the topic "Experiential Avoidance Model"
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Zhang, Junjie, and Enna Wang. "Indulging in Smartphones in Times of Stress: A Moderated Mediation Model of Experiential Avoidance and Trait Mindfulness." Behavioral Sciences 12, no. 12 (November 29, 2022): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12120485.
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Although previous studies have shown that perceived stress is positively related to problematic smartphone use, knowledge of mediating and moderating mechanisms underpinning this relationship is quite limited. In this study, we explored whether experiential avoidance mediated the relationship between perceived stress and problematic smartphone use and whether trait mindfulness moderated this mediating process. A total of 763 Chinese college students completed the measures of perceived stress, experiential avoidance, problematic smartphone use, and trait mindfulness. The results indicate that perceived stress was positively related to problematic smartphone use and this relation was partially mediated by experiential avoidance. Furthermore, moderated mediation analysis showed that trait mindfulness moderated the linkage between perceived stress and problematic smartphone use via experiential avoidance. This link became weaker for college students with higher levels of trait mindfulness. The results highlight the value of identifying the underlying mechanisms between perceived stress and college students’ problematic smartphone use.
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Shear, M. Katherine. "Exploring the Role of Experiential Avoidance from the Perspective of Attachment Theory and the Dual Process Model." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 61, no. 4 (December 2010): 357–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.61.4.f.
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Avoidance can be adaptive and facilitate the healing process of acute grief or it can be maladaptive and hinder this same process. Maladaptive cognitive or behavioral avoidance comprises the central feature of the condition of complicated grief. This article explores the concept of experiential avoidance as it applies to bereavement, including when it is adaptive when it is problematic. Adaptive avoidance is framed using an attachment theory perspective and incorporates insights from the dual process model (DPM). An approach to clinical management of experiential avoidance in the syndrome of complicated grief is included.
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Curran, Joseph. "An experiential avoidance model of deliberate self-harm." Mental Health Practice 10, no. 5 (February 2007): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/mhp.10.5.29.s31.
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Ding, Huimin, Liyue Zhu, Hua Wei, Jingyu Geng, Feng Huang, and Li Lei. "The Relationship between Cyber-Ostracism and Adolescents’ Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: Mediating Roles of Depression and Experiential Avoidance." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19 (September 27, 2022): 12236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912236.
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Based on the experiential avoidance model, the current study aims to test the relationship between cyber-ostracism and adolescents’ non-suicidal self-injury and to explore the mediating roles of depression and experiential avoidance. A sample of 1062 middle school students completed questionnaires on cyber-ostracism, depression, experiential avoidance, and self-injurious behavior. The results showed that cyber-ostracism, depression, experiential avoidance, and non-suicidal self-injury were positively correlated with each other. After controlling for gender and age, the mediation model test shows that cyber-ostracism was significantly and positively associated with non-suicidal self-injury. Depression and experiential avoidance mediated the relationship between cyber-ostracism and non-suicidal self-injury parallelly and sequentially. This study highlights the potential mechanisms of action between cyber-ostracism and adolescent non-suicidal self-injury and finds that cyber-ostracism is a risk factor for non-suicidal self-injury. This founding suggests that extra attention should be paid to the role of the online environment in addition to the offline environment experiences for the intervention of non-suicidal self-injury.
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Shin, Hyunmin, and Yongjoo Jo. "The relationship between college students’ covert narcissism and sns addiction tendency: The mediating effect of rejection sensitivity and experiential avoidance." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 22, no. 21 (November 15, 2022): 861–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2022.22.21.861.
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Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine relation between covert narcissism and SNS addiction tendency mediated by the rejection sensitivity and experiential avoidance. Methods For this purpose, data were collected from 400 Korean college students aged between 18 and 28 nationwide via online and data were analyzed using correlation analysis with SPSS 21.0 and Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) with Mplus 7.0 to test the theoretical model. Results The results of the study are as follows. First, there was a significant positive correlation between covert narcissism, rejection sensitivity, experiential avoidance, and SNS addiction tendency. Second, by comparing the possible path models among the variables, we found that the partial-mediation model is more appropriate than full-mediation model. And, we removed a path from covert narcissism to SNS addiction tendency because the path is not signficant thus the edited model was chosen as the final model. In the path analysis of the final model, all the paths among variables were significant. Third, there was a single mediating effect of rejection sensitivity and experiential avoidance on the path from covert narcissism to SNS addiction tendency, respectively. Fourth, covert narcissism has impact on the SNS addiction tendency through consecutive mediation of rejection sensitivity and experiential avoidance. Conclusions This study confirmed the direction and necessity of intervention in college student counseling through variables affecting SNS addiction tendency.
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Pickett, Scott M., Craig S. Lodis, Michele R. Parkhill, and Holly K. Orcutt. "Personality and experiential avoidance: A model of anxiety sensitivity." Personality and Individual Differences 53, no. 3 (August 2012): 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.03.031.
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Gerhart, James I., Courtney N. Baker, Michael Hoerger, and George F. Ronan. "Experiential avoidance and interpersonal problems: A moderated mediation model." Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science 3, no. 4 (October 2014): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2014.08.003.
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Kim, Kyung Hee. "The relationship between depression and psychological well-being: Exploring the path through experience avoidance, nonacceptance of positive emotion, prioritizing of positivity." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 22, no. 19 (October 15, 2022): 613–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2022.22.19.613.
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Objectives To explore the path through which depression contribute to the decrease in psychological well-being, this study examined the validity of a path model that depression leads to psychological well-being through experiential avoidance, nonacceptance of positive emotion, prioritizing of positivity. Methods Depression, avoidance of experience, nonacceptance of positive emotions, prioritizing of positivity, and psychological well-being were measured for 366 undergraduate students. The correlation between variables was analyzed. After item parcel, model fit and significance of paths between latent variables were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results First, there was no significant correlation between experiential avoidance and prioritizing of positivity, but there were significant correlations between depression, experiential avoidance, nonacceptance of positive emotion, prioritizing of positivity, and psychological well-being. Second, the indirect pathways from depression to experiential avoidance, nonacceptance of positive emotion, prioritizing of positivity, and psychological well-being were found to be significant. Conclusions These results suggest that acceptance of positive emotions and pursuit of positive experiences are necessary to prevent a decrease in psychological well-being due to depression. Finally, the implications and suggestions of this study are discussed.
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Romero-Moreno, R., A. Losada, M. Márquez-González, and B. T. Mausbach. "Stressors and anxiety in dementia caregiving: multiple mediation analysis of rumination, experiential avoidance, and leisure." International Psychogeriatrics 28, no. 11 (July 26, 2016): 1835–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610216001009.
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ABSTRACTBackground:Despite the robust associations between stressors and anxiety in dementia caregiving, there is a lack of research examining which factors contribute to explain this relationship. This study was designed to test a multiple mediation model of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and anxiety that proposes higher levels of rumination and experiential avoidance and lower levels of leisure satisfaction as potential mediating variables.Methods:The sample consisted of 256 family caregivers. In order to test a simultaneously parallel multiple mediation model of the BPSD to anxiety pathway, a PROCESS method was used and bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrapping method was used to test confidence intervals.Results:Higher levels of stressors significantly predicted anxiety. Greater stressors significantly predicted higher levels of rumination and experiential avoidance, and lower levels of leisure satisfaction. These three coping variables significantly predicted anxiety. Finally, rumination, experiential avoidance, and leisure satisfaction significantly mediated the link between stressors and anxiety. The explained variance for the final model was 47.09%. Significant contrasts were found between rumination and leisure satisfaction, with rumination being a significantly higher mediator.Conclusions:The results suggest that caregivers’ experiential avoidance, rumination, and leisure satisfaction may function as mechanisms through which BPSD influence on caregivers’ anxiety. Training caregivers in reducing their levels of experiential avoidance and rumination by techniques that foster their ability of acceptance of their negative internal experiences, and increase their level of leisure satisfaction, may be helpful to reduce their anxiety symptoms developed by stressors.
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Shenk, Chad E., Frank W. Putnam, Joseph R. Rausch, James L. Peugh, and Jennie G. Noll. "A longitudinal study of several potential mediators of the relationship between child maltreatment and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms." Development and Psychopathology 26, no. 1 (January 21, 2014): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579413000916.
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AbstractChild maltreatment is a reliable predictor of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. However, not all maltreated children develop PTSD symptoms, suggesting that additional mediating variables explain how certain maltreated children develop PTSD symptoms and others do not. The current study tested three potential mediators of the relationship between child maltreatment and subsequent PTSD symptoms: (a) respiratory sinus arrhythmia reactivity, (b) cortisol reactivity, and (c) experiential avoidance, or the unwillingness to experience painful private events, such as thoughts and memories. Maltreated (n = 51) and nonmaltreated groups (n = 59) completed a stressor paradigm, a measure of experiential avoidance, and a semistructured interview of PTSD symptoms. One year later, participants were readministered the PTSD symptoms interview. Results of a multiple mediator model showed the set of potential mediators mediated the relationship between child maltreatment and subsequent PTSD symptoms. However, experiential avoidance was the only significant, specific indirect effect, demonstrating that maltreated children avoiding painful private events after the abuse were more likely to develop a range of PTSD symptoms 1 year later. These results highlight the importance of experiential avoidance in the development of PTSD symptoms for maltreated children, and implications for secondary prevention and clinical intervention models are discussed.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Experiential Avoidance Model"
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Thompson, Brian Lantz. "Mindfulness as a Predictor of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomatology in an Experiential Avoidance Model." The University of Montana, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-10012008-135037/.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of measures of mindfulness to predict the variance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) avoidance symptom severity above and beyond measures of experiential avoidance. A sample of 378 introductory psychology students completed questionnaire packets in individuals rooms to insure confidentiality of sensitive material. Based on a pencil-and-paper self-report measure of PTSD symptoms, the sample was divided into 3 groups: PTSD group (n = 44); trauma-no PTSD (n = 147); and a control (no trauma) group (n = 123). A fourth traumatized group was subsequently created consisting of individuals who endorsed a criterion A trauma, but who may or may not meet full PTSD criteria. Experiential avoidance measures of alexithymia and thought suppression were the most robust predictors of PTSD avoidance symptom severity, but mindfulness predicted more individual variance than measures of emotional coping, emotional intelligence, and a general measure of experiential avoidance. Although not as a strong a predictor of PTSD avoidance symptomatology as alexithymia and thought suppression, mindfulness appears to uniquely account for a significant amount of the variance of PTSD avoidance symptom severity. Treatment implications are discussed.
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Fitzpatrick, Elliott J. "Exploring the Relationships Between Neuroticism, Experiential Avoidance, and Worry: A Test of a Mediational Model." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/951.
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Recent research has demonstrated the importance of examining the relationships between personality and psychopathology (Krueger & Tackett, 2006). The present investigation sought to further develop this literature. More specifically, the following study examined the links between neuroticism, experiential avoidance, and worry. The focus of the current study was to replicate and extend previous findings on neuroticism, experiential avoidance, and worry. In addition, a novel mediational model was tested to determine if experiential avoidance is the pathway through which the relationship between neuroticism and worry is transmitted. Results of the study regarding the primary hypotheses were mixed. While experiential avoidance, worry, and neuroticism were all positively correlated as predicted, experiential avoidance did not predict worry after controlling for neuroticism. In addition, experiential avoidance was not found to mediate the relationship between neuroticism and worry. Supplementary analyses found that anxiety, stress, depression, worry, and experiential avoidance were all significantly positively correlated with one another. In addition, it was found that experiential avoidance increased the prediction of a worry after controlling for the effects of anxiety, stress, and depression, and experiential avoidance mediated the relationship between anxiety and worry. Clinical and theoretical implications, strengths and limitations, and future directions for research are discussed.
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Anderson, Nicholas L. "A test of two models of non-suicidal self-injury." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1240238153.
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Panayiotou, Margarita. "Development of the revised WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Assessment : towards a mediation model on quality of life and post-traumatic stress." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25485.
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The adverse consequences of posttraumatic stress on quality of life have been well documented. It is, however, possible that it is not the intrusive re-experiencing and hyperarousal posttraumatic stress symptoms that have an impact on quality of life per se, but the inflexible efforts to avoid internal experiences and emotions related to the traumatic event, and the way these emotions are expressed and experienced. Previous research shows that both experiential avoidance and emotion regulation have been found to be etiologically central to the development and maintenance of psychological problems in trauma survivors. The degree to which experiential avoidance and emotion regulation act together as toxic underlying mechanisms to explain the relationship between posttraumatic stress and quality of life is, however, yet to be examined. Quality of life is now regarded as an important outcome variable across a broad range of conditions and problem areas. The quality of life concept has generated a large body of research and yet its assessment has been a challenge for researchers. The WHOQOL-BREF is considered to be one of the few genuine quality of life measures but it has received much criticism, especially regarding the poor psychometric performance of its social relationships domain. The aim of the current thesis was twofold. The first aim involved the revision of the WHOQOL-BREF through the enhancement of the social relationships domain. In Study I 986 ill and healthy individuals from five countries worldwide completed the Pilot Revised WHOQOL-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF-R) along with measures of life satisfaction, anxiety, and depression for the detailed psychometric analysis of the scale. Study I confirmed the limitations of the social relationships domain, and despite its improvement, the performance of the overall scale was found to be poor. In fact, findings from modern and robust techniques challenged the 4-factor structure of the WHOQOL-BREF. Instead, results supported the performance of a 3-factor solution, which led to the development of a psychometrically sound measure. Study II is preceded by a systematic review of the literature investigating experiential avoidance as a mediator in trauma survivors with posttraumatic stress. Ten studies were identified and organised in two categories assessing experiential avoidance as a mediator between: 1) trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress, and 2) posttraumatic stress and maladaptive behaviours. Findings suggest that the development and maintenance of posttraumatic stress symptoms and maladaptive behaviours in the aftermath of trauma can be explained through the use of experiential avoidance. Methodological limitations and future directions for research are discussed. The WHOQOL-BREF-R was then used in Study II, which explored an integrative mediation model whereby experiential avoidance and emotion regulation were tested as mediators in the relationship between posttraumatic stress symptomatology and quality of life in trauma exposed adults. The two mediators were also explored for their overlapping relationship. A total of 360 participants from the community completed self-report measures of posttraumatic stress, experiential avoidance, emotion regulation, and quality of life. With the use of path analysis Study II found experiential avoidance and emotion regulation to be two distinct constructs that together act as an underlying mechanism explaining the impact of posttraumatic stress on quality of life. Alternative mediating models were explored. The current study makes an important contribution in the area of trauma and in the conceptualisation and assessment of quality of life. Findings can be considered as a first step towards an integrative mediation model of toxic mechanisms in trauma and quality of life. Additionally, the favourable psychometric properties of the WHOQOL-BREF-R make it a powerful tool for use in quality of life research.
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Davis, Michele. "A COGNITIVE EXPERIENTIAL AVOIDANCE MODEL (C-EAM): UNDERSTANDING NON-SUICIDAL SELF-INJURY AS A FORM OF AVOIDANCE." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/3969.
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Few theoretical models formally integrate the roles of cognitive and emotional factors in understanding non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). The first study outlines a new model, which considers both emotionality and cognition as predictors of experiential avoidance. NSSI is proposed to be an experientially avoidant behaviour, used to avoid from or escape unwanted emotional experiences. Specifically, it was proposed that emotion dysregulation would moderate the relation between two cognitive perceptions associated with general forms of self-harm, namely defeat (e.g., “I am rejected/experienced loss/am defeated”) and entrapment (e.g., “I am stuck in this state and there is no way out”). This model, coined the Cognitive-Experiential Avoidance Model (C-EAM) was tested in a sample of 464 undergraduate students – a known high-risk population for NSSI. Findings provided preliminary support for the model, suggesting that the perception of defeat predicts the perception of entrapment more for those with poor emotion regulation skills. Entrapment also predicted significant variance in experiential avoidance, which varied as a function of NSSI frequency group. Logistical regression analyses also demonstrated that entrapment and experiential avoidance predicted NSSI group membership. Those with a history of NSSI reported poorer emotion regulation skills and higher perceptions of entrapment compared to those without a history of NSSI; however, effect sizes were largest for those with more than four lifetime occurrences of NSSI. The second study evaluated an in-situ measure of experiential avoidance using a subset of participants from Study 1. Results did not support the proposed hypotheses, as those with a history of NSSI did not opt to discontinue a stressful task earlier than those without a history of NSSI. Findings speak to the importance of considering both cognitive and emotional factors in NSSI management. Future research should focus on model replication in other at-risk samples (e.g., youth), using momentary assessments of emotions and cognitions to ascertain the temporal nature of model components, and assessing the role of emotion regulation as a moderator of other cognitive factors associated with NSSI.
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CECCHINI, CRISTINA. "Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: a study about the evolution of stable maladaptive strategies." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1257980.
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Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) is a maladaptive behavior and it is defined as "the deliberate, self-inflicted destruction of body tissue without suicidal
intent and for purposes not socially sanctioned". Although under-reported, NSSI is often revealed in community samples, and a recurring comorbidity
was found with suicide, which highlights the gravity of NSSI itself, as it may lead to serious injury or even mortality. It may occur in all phases of life, but individuals appear to start such behavior very early in their life, especially in adolescence and young adulthood, with possible incidence rates that considerably vary among studies (i.e., approximately from 5% to 38%). This dissertation aims to thoroughly explore the NSSI topic. Firstly, the behavior was investigated from a psychological and experimental perspective, through observational data. After, two different approaches applying Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) were introduced to study the role of diverse factors affecting NSSI. Two main theoretical models were considered to better understand NSSI behavior, and as a background for the implementation of the numerical model. Particularly, the Experiential Avoidance Model claims NSSI is a negatively reinforced strategy for terminating unwanted emotional arousal. On the other hand, the Integrated Theoretical Model of the Development and Maintenance of Self-Injury focused on the description of the functions of NSSI (i.e., interpersonal and intrapersonal functions), and it introduces how distal factors may increase an intrapersonal and interpersonal vulnerability, and how specific factors may lead to engage in NSSI to cope with stress. Hence, the latter was suitable to thoroughly identify the complexity of factors involved in NSSI. Besides literature has showed the presence of several factors that affects NSSI, previous studies have not investigated the specific role of diverse factors in affecting NSSI. Particularly, several studies were more focused on the individual-related risk factors, omitting to adequately analyze interpersonal factors or other similar psychosocial dimensions, such as adolescent dynamics and risk behaviors in virtual social networks. To fill this gap, a few preliminary studies were conducted: we have analyzed the online social dynamics of adolescents, and the role of interpersonal and family relationships in their life, to detect possible risk factors. For what concerns the numerical modeling, we have focused on the NSSI dynamics in adolescence, through the Agent-Based Modeling (ABM). As a first approach, main NSSI risk factors (i.e., Inner Factor, Outer Factor, Media Factor) were selected from literature, assuming them as increasing the probability of self-injury. Moreover, three network topologies (i.e., Uniform,
Gaussian, Exponential) and a probability to experience stressful events were settled as fixed parameters. As a dynamical parameter, the Peer Factor
was introduced as the density of self-injurers in the network. The mathematical model was described, and the numerical simulations conducted were
introduced, first considering the effect of each risk factor singularly, then contemplating the combined effect of all risk factors. As a second approach, a preliminary validation of the mathematical model was conducted. Risk factors were parametrized through real data collected in three secondary schools, and numerical simulations were started comparing results with those obtained through the survey. Moreover, the network was finally divided in two subclusters presenting a different density of self-injurers. Hence, the propagation of self-injurers from a subcluster to another was analyzed, as well as the number of connections between subclusters increased along numerical simulations. Results revealed a relevant effect of both risk factors and the dynamical parameter Peer Factor on NSSI dynamics, considering both results from the non-parametrized model and results from the parametrized model. On the contrary, topology displayed little or none effect on the probability of self-injury. Moreover, the model appears to adequately reproduce NSSI real trends, obtaining similar results than real data, confirming its good effectiveness in describing NSSI dynamics. Such findings highlighted interesting implications about the complex dynamics of the phenomenon, and might represent a starting point to implement an integrated model reproducing similar maladaptive behaviors (e.g., gamble).
Book chapters on the topic "Experiential Avoidance Model"
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Boeschen, Laura E., Mary P. Koss, Aurelio José Figueredo, and James A. Coan. "Experiential Avoidance and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Cognitive Mediational Model of Rape Recovery." In Trauma and Cognitive Science, 211–46. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203725276-10.
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A-Tjak, Jacqueline, and Louise Hayes. "Depression." In The Oxford Handbook of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, C14.S1—C14.S20. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197550076.013.14.
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Abstract Depressive disorders most commonly refer to either dysthymia, a persistent or chronic form of mild depression, or major depressive disorder. The two primary symptom clusters are depressed mood and loss of interest/pleasure. Comorbid conditions account for the largest portion of the adverse impact of depression. One of the most influential and researched treatments for this disorder is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). This therapy is often the therapy of choice, with about two-thirds of those suffering from depression benefiting from it. Of growing importance in the treatment of depression is acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), which has been shown to be as efficacious as CBT. The ACT model consists of six interrelated processes: experiential avoidance, fusion, attachment to a conceptualized self, loss of contact with the present moment, loss of contact with values, and lack of valued action. The body of research on depression and its purported mechanisms can inform the ACT model of psychological flexibility and inflexibility and could influence ACT treatment. The paradox of treating it as a diagnostic category can be addressed via a transdiagnostic perspective.
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Wilson, Peter, Peter Kinnell, Y. Mey Goh, Chris Pretty, and Andrew Walpole. "A Transdisciplinary Approach to a Manufacturing Problem with a Machine Learning Solution." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220683.
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The application of machine learning to high cost, low volume (HCLV) manufacture is challenging due to prohibitive costs and low data volumes. An example HCLV application is linear friction welding (LFW) of Blisks (Bladed Disks). LFW is a solid-state joining process, typically used in high integrity aerospace applications. The successful application of machine learning (ML) has the potential to predict quality metrics and enable timely interventions to machine maintenance for avoidance of machine damage or deterioration. This paper proposes a methodology that combines expert knowledge with machine learning to minimise the quantity of weld data required to generate a robust and accurate ML model. Expert knowledge incorporation requires methods of elicitation, capture, standardisation and quantification of information (it can be qualitative, experiential and subjective) and conversion to a quantitative, data driven and digital format for input into a ML algorithm. This paper will describe the methodology developed to enable a combined data science and engineering approach to address complex manufacturing problems. If successful, this methodology will be used as a standard framework for application to HCLV manufacture.