Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Expérience de percée'
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Nguyen-Sadassivame, Julie. "Étude Expérimentale de la Faisabilité de Piégeage des Gaz Rares (Xe, Kr) par des Matériaux Poreux Innovants de Type Metal-Organic Framework." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Centrale Lille Institut, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023CLIL0029.
Xenon and Krypton are noble gases produced by fission reactions in nuclear fuel. In case of an accidental situation (severe accident in a nuclear reactor, dewatering of spent fuel storage pools, etc.), these gas releases can lead to a radiological risk in the short and medium terms, particularly for operators. Indeed, some radioactive isotopes have a half-life of up to a few years (10.8 years for Kr-85 and 5.3 days for Xe-133). Chemically unreactive and highly volatile, noble gases are difficult to trap and separate. However, for more than a decade, a new class of porous materials called Metal-Organic Framework (MOF), have demonstrated effective gas trapping capabilities. Indeed, these crystalline metal-ligand hybrid materials can be modulated as desired with very variable pore diameters, high specific surface areas as well as an almost unlimited functionalization linked to the organic ligand. The objective of the thesis then consists in an experimental feasibility study of the trapping of noble gases by these porous materials. Thus, different MOF based on copper, aluminum, zirconium or zinc have been synthesized and tested in static conditions. Isosteric heats of adsorption and selectivities of Henry have been determined as well as the influence of silver doping in metallic form (Ag0) in MIL-100(Al) and in charged form (Ag+) in MOF- 303. The promising MOFs were then studied under dynamic conditions on the experimental device called SAFARI. This bench dedicated to dynamic filtration in representative condition of a nuclear accident was developed with the HKUST-1 material, with in particular the on-line analysis of noble gases by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer. Influences on the trapping of noble gases of parameters such as temperature, flow velocity, concentrations, relative humidity and amount of MOF have been studied. Thus, the breakthrough time of the gas of interest depends on the specific surface of the MOF, the flow rate, the height of the bed and its shaping. The adsorption capacities also depend on the flow velocity linked to the diffusion of the gas within the pores as well as on the concentration of noble gases in the gas flow. As expected, high temperatures and a high-water vapor rate have a negative impact on the capture of Xe and Kr. Moreover, the solids studied can be divided into two groups: cage and channel MOFs. Thus, the MOFs made up of uniform channels, with diameters close to the kinetic diameter of noble gases atoms, showed greater trapping capacities due to favored gas-framework interactions. These initial results open up new avenues of research, particularly in Xe/Kr selectivity, with a view to industrial valorization
Dauvergne, D. "Expériences interdisciplinaires d'interaction particule-matière." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00115356.
Siadou-Martin, Béatrice. "Impacts de la justice perçue sur l'évaluation d'une expérience de service et sur la relation au prestataire : application au domaine du restaurant." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20195.
Chauvin, Michaël. "Etude de la lubrification des boîtes de vitesses : contribution à l'optimisation de la lubrification par arbre percé." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT2348.
The gearbox transmits and gears down the mechanical energy and the engine torque to the axles. The increase of engine torque with the arrival of new technologies causes significant mechanical stresses on rotational guiding of gears. The mechanical endurance of this guiding passes by the optimisation of the quantity of lubricant brought by the system "drilled shaft". This one may drain and cease forwarding the lubricant to the contacts of the gearbox stacking. To prevent the malfunction of drilled shaft, it is thus necessary to avoid the formation of meniscus in axial drilling acting on the feed system by the reduction of cross-section of a deflector or a spout. It is also possible to increase the size of axial drilling so that the lubricant fills partially its volume. Moreover, it is necessary to improve the distribution of lubricant with each radial drilling
Le, Berre Rozenn. "Le deuil : expérience et réception collective ; De la narrativité à l'accompagnement." Thesis, Lille 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL30035.
The challenge of this work is to address bereavement as an existential experience in a contemporary social context - living through the lost of a loved one is an abrupt change in a subject's life. Nevertheless, the subject is part of a collective, located in a society that reacts by regulating the experience of bereavement. Faced with the apparent solitude of mourning, the death of a loved one brings us to question identity as fundamentally relational beings. We focus our reflection on the abrupt change change that comes at the sudden news of the death of a loved one in the course of our existence, and which, as such, represents an abrupt change itself. Journeying through a period of mourning means being faced with the intensity and pointlessness of loss, of which no words can be said at the beginning. Starting from the unspeakable and incommunicable nature of bereavement, we address the question of meaning and of implementing practices in response to this situation of abrupt change.Problematising the expression "to be in mourning" reflects the creativity of the human subject when it is called to be a part of a social, economical, political and cultural environment upon the news of a loss. It is therefore important to emphasise the historical and social aspects of our reflection as it analyses the knowledge basis for bereavement. this epistemological analysis tends to consider bereavement as an "object" appropriate for both thought and practice. The objectives here are therefore normative and affect a singular conception of offering support to those in mourning and to those at the end of life in order that those involved in the issue may become involved in experiential continuity
Scekic, Ana. "L’influence de l'encombrement visuel sur les expériences de recherche et de choix des consommateurs." Thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHEC0010.
In this dissertation, I examine the influence of visual crowding on consumers’ product search and choice. Visual crowding reduces individuals’ ability to distinguish objects in a scene from one another, thus making product search and choice more difficult. In the first chapter, I show that individuals’ ability to find a particular target product in a display varies in function of the embeddedness of the target, which depends on the locations of the target and non-target products in the display. I propose a metric that quantifies how visually crowded a target is in each location of a given product display, and that can be used to estimate the amount of visual search effort needed to find the target. In the second chapter, I examine how visual crowding impacts choice – specifically, how reducing visual crowding by adding space between products in an assortment influences variety perceptions and purchase behavior. In the third chapter, I explore visual attention to a product display in presence of different distractors. Overall, in this dissertation I try to ascertain which elements of product displays can reduce visual crowding and improve consumers’ shopping experiences. This research contributes to the literature on visual attention and assortments, and provides new insights for product display designs, in online and offline retail environments
Mauchamp, Vincent. "La spectroscopie de perte d'énergie des électrons appliquée aux batteries au lithium : expériences et simulation s au seuil K du lithium." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2071.
This work presents combined experimental and theoretical studies at the lithium K-edge that aim at allowing for better understanding of the properties of lithium battery materials. Electron Energy-Loss spectra (EELS) are analyzed thanks to the simulations of the Electron Energy-Loss Near Edge Structures (ELNES) using electronic structure calculations based on the Density Functional Theory (DFT). After a concise description of the DFT, both approaches used for the simulation of the spectra (Bethe theory and the calculation of the dielectric function) as well as the associated calculation codes are extensively described. The second chapter deals with the experimental aspects: particular attention is paid to the control of the sample oxidation and the processing of the experimental spectra. The accurate simulation of the lithium K-edge is the topic of the third chapter. Difficulties raised by the semi-core nature of the lithium 1s orbital are emphasized and the screening effects at the lithium K-edge due to transition metals M2,3 edges are discussed. Calculations show the small influence of Local Field Effects on the lithium K-edge. Finally, a systematic study of a new family of compounds with a LixTiP4 formulation (2< x < 11) is presented. These are promising materials for lithium battery negative electrodes. It is shown, thanks to the ELNES analysis, that lithium atoms are preferentially inserted in tetrahedral sites for low lithium contents. Moreover, comparison between spectra recorded during the oxidation and the reduction processes confirm the biphasic nature of the material during the oxidation phase
Rouleau, Alexandra. "La déshydratation volontaire chez les combattants d'arts martiaux mixtes : rapport au corps et expérience." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25286.
This memory thesis presents an anthropological exploration of Quebec’s mixed martial artists’ experience and the use of techniques during their sporting activities, with a focus on the voluntary dehydration. My approach is the theoretical field of the anthropology of the body, and the use of the concept of Reflexive Body Techniques worked out by N. Crossley. Moreover, the theoretical contribution of D. Leder and his concept of dys-appearance will be used to explore the issue of pain. The method is qualitative and is based on open interviews with fighters of different levels of experience and on my own experience as a fighter. The inquiry’s results show that voluntary dehydration is a practice reserved to combat sports and causes important pain such as physical and mental. To conclude, this thesis invite to a thought about weight control practices and their consequences on the well-being.
Lagana, Fabrice. "La chance dans l’œuvre de Georges Bataille." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040065.
The notion of chance is similar to fortuity, but it is a critical concept, taking into accountthe death of God, thought by Nietzsche. It reverses values and representations. Fleeting,elusive, it refutes all the logic of labour and of action. It is accomplished in the moment. It leadsto a new ontology and a new morality, that of playing. Chance is an opportunity and a risk. Itappears as a demand, that of exceeding the limits of the given, and as a hazard, that of gettinglost in the night of ignorance. It takes shape in the 1930s in a context of war more and morethreatening. It is often expressed in the philosophy of Nietzsche that Bataille uses as a weaponagainst the Hegelian system. It appears as the residue or waste of only rational doctrines andpresents itself as a sensitive experience, rooted in the life of Bataille. It is a movement of excessleading the thinking process to excess. However, in the modern world, the extreme states havingno purpose (such as the atonement and salvation) and direct action having replaced sacrifice,art alone collects them. Bataille therefore transposes his research in an encounteredfragmentary writing that contravenes all standards of literature. He combines the forms and typesto showcase diversity, intensity and anxiety which characterise this experience. He invents atype of writing that never stops challenging itself to highlight the lack of certainty in a world whereall is unstable, threatened with extinction
Ouazzani, Yacine. "Comparaisons des expériences de consommation vécues dans les sphères réelle et virtuelle à travers la valeur perçue : le cas de la consommation de spectacles d'opéra." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0217.
This exploratory investigates and compares the perceived value of the opera consumption experience in theatres and in streaming. The rise of digital technologies now makes it possible for customers to consume the same product through a physical or a virtual channel. The question of competition and of the complementarity of online channels with physical structures has become a key issue for companies and understanding the link between physical and virtual experiences has become a major research issue, all the more that exceptional situations such as the lockdown period caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have shown how important it is for spectators to be able to watch streamed operas. From a theoretical point of view, one may also wonder whether the framework used to apprehend the consumption experience in the real domain is applicable to the virtual domain, given the upheavals that the experience has undergone as a result of the digital revolution. We took an exploratory qualitative approach, followed by a quantitative study to answer these questions. The results obtained indicate a relative convergence between the two perceived values but raise questions about the nature of the audience concerned by streaming. Our research also confirms that perceived value is an antecedent of overall perceived value and behavioral intentions, in both the real and virtual spheres. However, only certain dimensions of the perceived value influence the overall perceived value and/or the behavioral intentions; they differ according to the mode of consumption concerned. Finally, our results confirm that overall perceived value is an antecedent of behavioural intentions in both universes
Hémon, Georgina. "Conceptualisation de la traditionnalité perçue d’un produit alimentaire : une approche qualitative." Thesis, Angers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANGE0013.
Traditional food products seem to be a "new" trend. A lot of work has been done to define what is a traditional product. However, we observe from the literature review in management that traditional food product is a fuzzy concept, which lacks of precision. Besides we can not know precisely what the consumer perceives as raditional in food product. In order to provide a different point of view, we are interested in understanding the traditional elements perceived in the food product. We mobilize a literature review in the social sciences in order to bring clarity and structure to perceived traditionality of food product. Our data collection uses several qualitative methods. To give a new vision of what is perceived as traditional, we make an analysis using the Grounded Theory. Through the results of this analysis, we propose four dimensions of traditionality. We perform a methodological triangulation of the data by statistical analysis of textual data. Our results are conclusive. The perceived traditionality of a food product is an experiential concept, with four dimensions: process, dynamics, identity and ritual. This structuring brings clarity in theoretical terms. It opens up ways for the development of measurement tools. In managerial terms, the highlighting of the perceived traditionality of a food product and the elaboration or consumer experience offers development opportunities to producers
Garcia, Karine. "Impacts de la co-création sur la valeur du produit par la mesure du consentement à payer et la valeur perçue : une application à un nouveau produit alimentaire." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTD022.
Last years, many academic and managerial studies stressed the importance of involving users in the design of new products. This focus, which is the subject of the first chapter of this doctoral work, inevitably raises the following questions: Do the companies, which implements this type of process, have an interest in informing passive consumers that their offering was co-created with their counterparts? An experimental methodology in the food sector was implemented. A real purchasing method to measure the willingness to pay (BDM protocol) has been supplemented through a multidimensional approach of perceived value. In addition, a consumption experience was introduced in this study. The results highlight that consumers at first exposure value the information. The information has a positive influence on the perceived value through the emotional components and utilitarian product outcomes. The willingness to pay follows the expected trend: respondents are willing to pay more for a product labelled designed with consumers than for the product designed solely by the company. In contrast, no effect was observed after the consumption experience. This research underlines the relevance of communicating this information when launching a new product, even if it has no effect on the consumption experience. At the end of this doctoral work, theoretical contributions to illuminate the literature on the effects of this information are highlighted. Managerial contributions are also made to the attention of marketing practitioners
Delaunay, Catherine. "Au-delà de la dépression : figures du suicide et problématiques dépressives." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD002.
As for depression, suicide reveals different features. And beyond nosographical or structural framework, what determines them both lies in the confrontation of the ordeal of loss, mourning. Is death itself taking in the lived experience of the loss of the loved objet? The clinical study of suicide survivors shows indeed a strange paradox: physically killing oneself in order to survive psychically the suffering generated in the present by the experience of the loss of the loved object. Disturbing oddness of death, which not only mingles here intimately with life, but also seems to hold in itself a self-preserving feature for the psyche threatened by annihilation: it is indeed when confronted with the threat of collapse that the subject decides to kill himself, suicide appearing as a defense against anxiety. In order to understand this paradox, we need first and foremost to question suicide in its relation to depressive problems and to link the initial experience of loss with the foundations of the psychic reality of the subject. Then certain equivalences are emerging between the experience of separation and psychic annihilation, which allow us to envisage the existence of a connection between the archaic proved of psychic death and the death of oneself. This connection between psychic death and physical death, acting under the personality cleavage, may well be active in the development of interrupted suicide
Marchat, Anne-Cécile. "L’influence de la valeur perçue sur l’engagement client : vers une nouvelle approche de la relation "individu-destination" en tourisme." Thesis, La Réunion, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LARE0019/document.
The research aims to define customer engagement (CE) in the context of tourism destinations, its content and its measurement. It proposes to integrate this innovative concept as a new outcome variable in the models conceptualising tourism’s behaviors. It also shows the influence of consumer value and customer value in creating an engagement towards the destination and the moderating effects of the experience on those same relationships. The research has three objectives: (1) define the concept of CE in the context of destinations, its dimensions and its measurement, (2) conceptualize the perceived value in the context of destinations, (3) measure the influences of the dimensions of consumer valeur and customer value on EC depending on experience. The methodology is based on two empirical studies: an exploratory qualitative study conducted among 15 tourists in Reunion via interviews and a quantitative exploratory study conducted among 572 individuals: 350 novices who had never visited the destination but familiar with it and 222 experienced having actually visited the destination for leisure / vacation. The studies concern Reunion Island, qualified as a SDI (Small Destination Island)
Hashish, Yasmine. "Les effets de l’expérience de téléprésence sur internet sur les émotions, les attitudes et les intentions comportementales des touristes : le cas du tourisme domestique en Égypte." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTD031.
New technologies have changed the nature of the tourist experiences by creating virtual experiences. These virtual experiences, which lead to a telepresence experience, are more and more used by tourism professionals, thanks to, for example, 3D virtual tours or 360° videos. However, few studies have studied the effects of virtual reality in tourism marketing. Thus, it was important to try to understand how these new technologies can allow to meet the tourists’ expectations and to positively influence their attitudes towards the destination as well as their behaviors. Consequently, this research aims to identify the conditions of effectiveness of the online experience of telepresence and to understand how this experience could influence the behavioral intentions of the tourists, but also their affective reactions, their attitudes and the perceived value of the destination.To answer these questions, a literature review was conducted; it allowed to give details about the concept of telepresence and to distinguish it from close concepts. It was followed by an exploratory qualitative study and by an experimentation (conducted with 341 persons). The results confirmed the importance of 3D virtual tours and of websites interactivity to create this telepresence experience. This telepresence experience triggers positive affective states, it positively influences the perceived value of the destination as well as the tourists’ attitude towards the destination. Furthermore, these three last variables are mediators of the telepresence effects on the behavioral intentions (the intention to visit the destination and the intention to search more information about the destination). Finally, the moderating effects of two variables (travel involvement and visual orientation) were studied
Amiel, Alban. "Étude des déterminants de la facilité d’utilisation perçue des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC): Une contribution à l’étude de l’adoption des technologies en situations professionnelles et d’apprentissage." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/217743/4/These.pdf.
Doctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Chen, Zongde. "Depleted CMOS sensor development for pixel particle detectors under high intensity and high radiative dose." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0430.
The Inner Tracker (ITk) system of the ATLAS experiment will be upgraded for the 2026 High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) run. The HL-LHC will operate with a center of mass energy of 14 TeV and a peak instantaneous luminosity five times higher than at present. The increased luminosity will result in roughly ten times higher radiation levels and data rates. To cope with the ATLAS requirements in terms of radiation hardness, readout speed and granularity at the HL-LHC, the replacement of the present ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk) is needed. Two large-scale depleted CMOS sensors in the 150 nm LF-technology called LF-CPIX and LF-MONOPIX, developed in the framework of the ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITK) upgrade for High Luminosity LHC. The work presented here shows the characterization for these three prototypes, with contributions concerning the setup development, 55Fe and 90Sr source calibration, modifications of the FPGA firmware and development of test programs. A main concern was the investigation on the radiation hardness for both the electronics and the sensor parts. We will show results concerning characterizations for these prototypes in the laboratory performance at CPPM, as well as results in multiple radiation campaigns performed at the 24 GeV IRRAD proton facility at CERN, to study the effects of Non-Ionizing Energy Loss (NIEL) and Total Ionizing Dose (TID) on the prototypes
Ndinga-Koumba-Binza, H. Steve. "Aspects Phonétiques et Phonologiques de la Durée Vocalique en Civili : Une Approche Expérimentale." Phd thesis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00851023.