Relevant bibliographies by topics / Expense management

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Expense management'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 24 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Expense management"

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Bychkova, Gul'fira. "COMMERCIAL EXPENSE MANAGEMENT TOOLS." Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 1, no. 1 (May 17, 2021): 307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896-2021-1-1-307-308.

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Bosserman, Linda D. "Telephone management: a reimbursable expense?" Community Oncology 4, no. 5 (May 2007): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1548-5315(11)70131-0.

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Benbow, Maureen. "The expense of exudate management." British Journal of Nursing 24, Sup15 (August 12, 2015): S8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2015.24.sup15.s8.

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Miller, Stephanie Monteiro. "Nonprofit expense management and the zero-profit threshold." Pacific Accounting Review 33, no. 4 (July 16, 2021): 397–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/par-04-2020-0043.

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Purpose In a wide variety of settings, individuals target round-numbered thresholds, relaxing effort when they are out of reach. This paper aims to investigate whether this phenomenon occurs in nonprofits as well. Design/methodology/approach The paper empirically examines nonprofits’ propensity to cut expenses relative to the attainability of the zero-profit threshold. Findings This paper finds nonprofit firms are more likely to cut expenses when faced with small expected losses than with larger losses, and this pattern varies predictably with incentives to reach the zero-profit threshold. Research limitations/implications This suggests managers are motivated by desire to reach the zero-profit threshold rather than to improve firms’ economic situations, as the propensity to cut expenses is lower when the threshold is out of reach. Social implications Additionally, the results suggest that even the lack of explicit profit motive may not quell earnings management behavior. Originality/value These results begin to close the gap in our understanding of expense management in nonprofit firms, showing how operating expenses can be used to manage earnings.
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Xue, Shuang, and Yun Hong. "Earnings management, corporate governance and expense stickiness." China Journal of Accounting Research 9, no. 1 (March 2016): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjar.2015.02.001.

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Efendi, Jap, Li-Chin Jennifer Ho, Jeffrey J. Tsay, and Yu Zhang. "Stock option expense management after SFAS 123R." Review of Accounting and Finance 13, no. 3 (August 5, 2014): 210–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/raf-05-2012-0049.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether firms manage the total value of stock option grants downward after the implementation of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) 123R to reduce their reported option expenses. Design/methodology/approach – All Standard & Poor’s (S&P) 1500 firms with available stock option data in 2004 and 2006 are included in the analysis. The authors analyze if the total value of options granted, the per share fair value of options granted, the number of options granted as well as each individual input assumption have changed from the pre-SFAS 123R (i.e. 2004) to the post-SFAS 123R (i.e. 2006) period. We compare post-SFAS123R option pricing assumptions and per share fair value of options granted with their respective expected values to verify the results. We also analyze whether SFAS 123R has differential effects on firms which chose to disclose option expense only in footnotes (“disclosing firms”) versus firms which voluntarily recognized option expense (“recognizing firms”) prior to SFAS 123R. Findings – The results show that after SFAS 123R, the total fair value of stock options granted for disclosing firms declined significantly. The decrease appears to result from managerial discretion over volatility and dividend yield assumptions as well as the reduction in the number of options granted. The evidence suggests that firms engage in not only assumption-based manipulations but also real activities to lower reported stock option expenses. It was also found that disclosing firms lower the total fair value of stock options granted to a greater extent than recognizing firms. Originality/value – This study adds to prior literature that examines the opportunistic incentives for managers to use discretion in reporting stock option expenses. This study contributes to the earnings management literature by providing another example of manipulating earnings through real activities. Finally, our study should be of interest to regulators and investors.
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Hardwick, Philip. "Building Society Management Expense Functions, 1984–89." Service Industries Journal 12, no. 3 (July 1992): 340–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02642069200000043.

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Zhang, Xu Bei. "The Discussion of Precise Depreciation Management in China." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 4024–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.4024.

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This paper proceeds as follows. Depreciation expense, which will directly relate to the size of the product costs, profits and taxes, is being widely concerned. A great number of people are particularly interested in the accurate depreciation of the costs of fixed assets. Different kinds of fixed assets bring economic benefits for the enterprise in completely different ways so that they should adopt different depreciation methods. The Enterprise Accounting Standards of China stipulated that if the companies increase fixed assets during the month, there will be no depreciation expense this month. But I disagree with this rule which violates the requirement of accounting the quality of information in reliability and authenticity. We should accurately calculate the depreciation expenses by the time, since then the depreciation expense can be accurate to a day. Strengthening the depreciation of fixed assets to precise management is imperative. Precise depreciation management not only helps to control the cost strictly, but also can strengthen management and promote the enterprise to develop sustainably.
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Harris, Erica E., Ryan D. Leece, and Daniel G. Neely. "Nonprofit lobby expense reporting." Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management 29, no. 4 (March 1, 2017): 522–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbafm-29-04-2017-b004.

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AbstractWe investigate the determinants and consequences of nonprofit lobbying activity by analyzing 501(c)(3) nonprofit lobbying choices as reported on the primary tax form, Form 990. Under the Internal Revenue Code (IRC), nonprofits may lose their tax exempt status if they engage in a substantial amount of lobbying. We examine lobbying choices across three dimensions: (1) the test used to determine whether lobbying activities are substantial (i.e., making an H-election) (2) whether lobbying activities are directly related to the mission of the nonprofit (i.e., program related) (3) whether an affiliate nonprofit lobbies on behalf of a nonprofit. Results indicate lobbying choices are associated with the amount of lobbying reported and the amount of contributions received. Additionally, our results provide some evidence that nonprofit lobbying choices allowed under the IRC are underutilized.
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Cheong, Eun-Hui, and Yong-Sang Woo. "The effect of tax avoidance on discretionary expenses: evidence from Korea." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 13, no. 1 (March 4, 2016): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.13(1).2016.02.

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This study investigates the relation between tax avoidance and discretionary expenses. The object of this study is to present the empirical evidence on whether additional cash from tax avoidance is used on discretionary expenses. Tax avoidance is estimated using the model suggested by Desai and Dharmapala (2006). Discretionary expenses are estimated using the index suggested by Roychowdhury (2006), which are selling and administrative expenses except taxes and dues, depreciation expenses, amortization expenses, rent expenses and insurance expenses because the management cannot manage these expenses discretionarily. Research expense and ordinary development expense are included in discretionary expenses. The empirical results of this study are as follows. First, tax avoidance is positively associated with discretionary expenses. This result means that the management spends additional cash from tax avoidance on discretionary expenses. Second, the ownership percentage of foreign investors weakens the positive relation between tax avoidance and discretionary expenses. This result suggests that foreign investors monitor the management’s discretionary decision effectively. Third, the positive relation between tax avoidance and discretionary expenses is weakened as the ownership percentage of a major stockholder increases
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Expense management"

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Keeney, Caroline. "Accounting for Earnings Management through Bad Debt Expense." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2063.

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This paper studied earnings management through Bad Debt Expense. The goal of this thesis was to see if managers manipulate Bad Debt Expense in order to smooth their bottom line. In order to test this, I created several different variables relating to Bad Debt Expense and some control variables for Net Income. I found that my results are consistent with earnings management. The results are not clearly stated and therefore I cannot say that earnings management is definitely happening, but it is a possibility.
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Hoffman, Randall L. "An analysis of reimbursable and expense items for the Base Operating Support Contract at Naval Submarine Base Bangor." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA241650.

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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990.
Thesis Advisor(s): San Miguel, Joseph G. Second Reader: Eberling, Glenn. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 31, 2010. DTIC Identifier(s): Submarine Bases, Contract Administration, Financial Management, Operation, Resource Management, Allocations, Costs, BOSC (Base Operating Support Contracts), Reimbursements, Fixed Price Contracts, Washington (State), Theses. Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-52). Also available in print.
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Fadel, Hala 1974, and Sunanda 1971 Narayanan. "Telecommunications service and expense management in US businesses : an analysis of the telecom supply chain and the impact of Internet tools." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8897.

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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references.
Spending on telecommunications services is the second largest non-production expense in most industries, the first position being taken by IT expenditure. Despite this, US businesses face several problems in managing telecommunications services and expenses due to the dynamic telecom environment, voluminous and numerous bills received from several carriers across geographically dispersed client company locations, difficulty in implementing internal cost tracking mechanisms etc. This thesis opens with a detailed description of these issues, highlighted through the results of a market survey of telecom managers. A case study of telecom management practices within the Boston location of Manulife Financiai, a large insurance firm with several locations in the US and Canada is also used to provide a real-life example of a large business plagued with these issues. We then proceed to probe for the sources for these problems through a detailed analysis of the telecommunications services supply chain. The impact of information flows in such supply chains, the players operating in each segment, their roles and outlook for the future are discussed. Based on all of the above, a new service is proposed to solve some of the issues mentioned in the initial section of the thesis. This service is intended to drive optimization in telecom procurement and management for US businesses. We conclude by providing a detailed business plan for the rollout of this service.
by Hala Fadel and Sunanda Narayanan.
M.B.A.
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Jiang, Ling. "An Investigation of the Impact of Corporate Governance on Decision to Expense Employee Stock Options." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1990.

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Santiváñez, Guarniz Juan. "Sobre la causalidad de los gastos deducibles para efectos del impuesto a la renta. Un enfoque empresarial." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/114736.

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The fiscal charges of the income tax state that if we want to consider an expense as deductible it must fulfill the causality principle, apart from that, they state rules that expenses are necessary to generate income and fulfill the criterion of reasonable expenses, majority among others.Showing that an expense is a necessity is a complicated task that in many cases will force — the person to determine that necessity — to examine internal aspects of the company, as business strategies, internal policies, etc. Apart from the analytical complexity of these topics, there will be the subjective aspect from the point of view of the outside observer.This article pretends to show the difficulty to decide if an expense is necessary or not, through the analysis of a real case where the tax system denies expenses of a taxpayer because they were not considered necessary for that kind of business.
Las normas tributarias del impuesto a la renta señalan que para que un gasto sea deducible de impuestos debe cumplirse con el principio de causalidad; además señalan dichas normas que los gastos deben ser necesarios para generar renta y cumplir con criterios de razonabilidad del gasto, generalidad, entre otros.Demostrar que un gasto es necesario es una tarea compleja que en la mayoría de los casos obligará —a la persona que quiera determinar esa necesidad— a evaluar aspectos internos de las empresas, como estrategias empresariales, políticas internas, entre otros. Además de la complejidad analítica de esos temas, subsistirá siempre el aspecto subjetivo de parte del evaluador.Este artículo propone precisamente esa dificultad en demostrar si un gasto es necesario o no, a través del análisis de un caso real donde la Administración Tributaria objeta los gastos de un contribuyente por no considerarlos necesarios para el giro del negocio.
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Mohamad, Housam. "The impact of international financial reporting standards on earnings quality : EU evidence." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15830.

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Earnings have numerous properties that can be investigated, including earnings smoothness, abnormal accruals after modelling the accruals process and asymmetric timely loss and gain recognition. In latest decades, as earnings are the main source of firm-specific information for investors, earnings quality has become a significant focus in the financial accounting field. Moreover, high-quality financial reporting helps investors improve decisions and better evaluate firm performance because capital markets depend on the credibility of financial accounting information. The aim of this study investigates the impact of the mandatory adoption of IFRS on earnings quality in term of earnings management and accounting conservatism in consideration of eleven European countries (Germany, France, Italy, The Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Portugal, Belgium, Norway and the United Kingdom) as a sample study. Then to test whether investors could predict a company's future performance efficiently based on deferred tax expense as one of the accruals components before and after the mandatory adoption of IFRS. Since the mandatory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) required by the European Union (EU) Parliament, numerous research studies have examined whether earnings management has been reduced due to the mandatory adoption. Chapter two of this study examines whether the board of directors is more effective in constraining earnings management after the mandatory application of IFRS. More specifically, the study explored ways that two board characteristics, board independence and the existence of an audit committee, have impacted earnings management since 2005. The empirical results with eleven European countries (Germany, France, Italy, The Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Portugal, Belgium, Norway and the United Kingdom) showed evidence of an inverse relationship between the strength of corporate governance and the extent of earnings management. This negative association suggests that firms that apply IFRS with a high level of corporate governance standards are less likely to be involved in earnings management. This study indicates that board independence and the existence of audit committees play important and effective roles in reducing earnings management after the introduction of IFRS. The results also provide evidence that the internationally uniformed accounting regulatory framework significantly contributes to the effectiveness of the two corporate governance mechanisms. Chapter three examines the impact of the mandatory IFRS adoption on the asymmetrically timely gain and loss recognition (accounting conservatism). The findings provide evidence of the importance of the mandatory adoption of IFRS in increasing of accounting conservatism in pooled samples and separate samples. Chapter four investigates whether investors could predict a company's future performance efficiently based on deferred tax expense as one of the accruals components before and after the mandatory adoption of IFRS. Moreover, whether or not the predictions could be generalised to other European countries was examined. The results imply that an accrual anomaly exists in pooled samples before and after mandatory IFRS adoption and the study prove that deferred tax expense as a determinant factor of accounting accruals is overweighed by stocks prices before and after IFRS adoptions.
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Souza, Bruno Carlos de. "Relação da estrutura de custos e despesas com a rentabilidade e lucratividade operacional nos setores têxtil e siderúrgico/metalúrgico no Brasil no período de 2005 a 2009." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-13022012-204418/.

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A partir das demonstrações contábeis publicadas, com a utilização de modelagem econométrica, esta tese teve como objetivo principal estimar a composição da estrutura de custos e despesas que tiveram rentabilidade e lucratividade operacional acima da média dos setores selecionados. Extraíram-se inferências sobre a composição da estrutura de custos e despesas das empresas e efetuou-se uma análise relacionando essa estrutura com a rentabilidade e a lucratividade operacional acima da média de cada setor selecionado dentro do período de 2005 a 2009. As variáveis de análise foram extraídas da base de dados Economática. Foram selecionados os setores Têxtil e Siderurgia/Metalurgia, porque apresentaram maior quantidade de dados completos no período estudado. A técnica de modelagem quantitativa empregada foi a análise de regressão com dados em painel, com utilização do modelo de efeito fixo, com coeficiente angular constante e intercepto variando entre as entidades. A partir dos dados dos modelos, foi calculada a composição média de custos e despesas fixas (CDF) e custos e despesas variáveis (CDV) sobre o total de custos e despesas totais (CDT). Paralelamente, também foi calculada a margem operacional média (MO) e a rentabilidade operacional média (RO) dessas empresas para o mesmo período estudado. Além disso, uma breve discussão das características individuais de cada setor e uma análise do contexto econômico do período de 2005 à 2009 foi realizada para compreender possíveis influências no desempenho das empresas nos setores pesquisados. Desta análise constatou-se que o período com menor participação de CDF foi o ano de 2008, coincidindo com o período de intensificação da crise financeira nos mercados maduros. Com base na pesquisa realizada, constatou-se uma correlação forte e negativa entre CDF e os indicadores de desempenho (MO e RO). Constatou-se ainda que a estrutura de custos e despesas do setor Siderúrgico/Metalúrgico permite maior participação de CDF do que a do setor Têxtil. No setor Siderúrgico/Metalúrgico o intervalo da proporção de CDF nas empresas com desempenho acima da média no período foi de 30,34% a 30,60%, enquanto que no setor Têxtil foi de 20,15% a 20,76%.
The main objective of this dissertation is to estimate the composition of the cost and expense structure of companies using their published financial statements, with the use of econometric modeling. Inferences was drawn up for the composition of cost and expense structure of the companies and an analysis was made linking this structure with return on assets and operating profitability above average of each selected industry within the period 2005 to 2009. The variables of analysis have been extracted from Economática database. The Textile and Steel/Metallurgy industries were selected because they presented more complete data in the period investigated. The quantitative modeling technique employed was regression analysis with Panel data, using the fixed effect model with constant angular coefficient and intercept ranging between entities. Data from the models was calculated as the average composition of fixed costs and expenses (CDF) and variable costs and expenses (CDV) on the total costs and expenses (CDT). In parallel, was also calculated the average operating margin (MO) and the average operating return on assets (RO) of these companies for the same period. In addition, economic scenario data of the period was reviewed in order to identify if there was any possible significant influence on the variation of costs and expenses structure. The study results show that the period with lower participation of CDF was in 2008, coinciding with the period of intensification of the financial crisis in mature markets. Also the cost and expense structure with less participation of CDF is related to greater MO and RO. It was also found that the cost and expense structure of Steel/Metallurgical industry allows greater participation of CDF than the textile sector. In the Steel/Metallurgical industry, the percentage range of CDF in companies with above-average performance in the period was of 30.34% to 30.60%, while in the Textile sector was of 20.15% to 20.76%.
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Durán, Rojo Luis Alberto. "Alcances del principio de causalidad en el impuesto a la renta empresarial." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/114880.

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The following article presents the implications about the practice of the causality principle for the determination of the income set with intention to apply the business income tax.We start considering the fact that this tax can be imposed to acquire goods known as a deductible expense of the practice, but not from those that are going to be part of the compatible cost to expropriate. Then, we make an extensive analysis about the way the Peruvian income tax law has configured the approaches of this principle and the understanding emerged from important jurisprudence cases from the members that solve problems, specially the Tax Court, when adopting a fast principle of expenses without causes.At the same time, this article describes the achievements of the rational and normality cost principles, so important for the evaluation of the performance of the principle of causality.Finally, we present some ideas about the accreditation of the cost facing and its relation to the causality principle.
El artículo analiza los alcances de la aplicación del principio de causalidad para la determinación de la renta neta imponible a efectos de aplicar el impuesto a la renta empresarial.Se parte de establecer que dicho principio es aplicable a erogaciones que sean consideradas como gasto deducible del ejercicio, mas no de aquellas que han de formar parte del costo computable de los bienes a enajenar. Luego, se realiza un extenso análisis de la manera como la ley del impuesto a la renta peruana ha configurado los alcances de este principio y el entendimiento que ha surgido en la casuística jurisprudencial de los órganos que resuelven conflictos, especialmente del Tribunal Fiscal, al acoger en la esfera del principio precitado gastos no causales.A su vez, el artículo aborda los alcances de los principios de razonabilidad y normalidad del gasto, tan necesarios para la evaluación del cumplimiento del principio de causalidad.Finalmente, se plasman unas reflexiones respecto a la acreditación de la fehaciencia del gasto y su vinculación con el principio de causalidad.
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Bäckström, Madeleine, and Nicklas Silversved. "Digitalizing the workplace: improving internal processes using digital services : A process improvement by digitalization, emphasizing chosen quality factors." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-177003.

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In recent years, the number of digital services and tools available has increased rapidly. When companies want to digitalize their business, they have the opportunity to browse a large number of existing platforms and applications available on the market to find a good match for their specific needs. However, when a company wishes to digitalize a work task that already has a well-established workflow, problems may arise. Due to this, a tailored digital solution may in some cases be the better suited option, rather than the ones available on the market.  The intention of this work was to investigate the challenges that companies face in relation to digitalization of the workplace in general, and the challenges of a company’s expense management process in particular. As an example of how a workplace digitalization can take place, a collaboration with a forest industry company was conducted. An evaluation of their analog and internal expense management process was done, where the found challenges were assessed with respect to chosen quality factors. The evaluation and the found challenges regarding digitalization constituted the basis for a process mapping and a digital solution aiming to improve the company’s expense management process. The resulting work emphasizes how a digital solution can be tailored with simple means within a limited time frame, taking specific needs and existing challenges into account in order to digitalize the workplace. In addition, the work presents what challenges that exists within the concept of digitalizing the workplace and regarding expense management, and how quality factors can be used in combination with a process improvement in order to relieve and eliminate them.
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Norris, Samuel James. "Corporate Social Responsibility: A Financial Performance-Based Approach in Understanding CSR." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1354842245.

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Books on the topic "Expense management"

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Winger, Fred. Automotive business management and expense control. Bakersfield, Calif. (5921 Dyce Way, Bakersfield 60531): Automotive Business Guide Pub. Co., 1996.

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John, Messina, and Block Ellen, eds. Telecommunications expense management: How to audit your bills, reduce expenses and negotiate favorable rates. New York: CMP Books, 1999.

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Meehan, Robert H. Determining compensation costs: An approach to estimating and analyzing expense. Scottsdale, AZ (14040 N. Northsight Blvd., Scottsdale 85260): American Compensation Association, 1992.

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Mester, Loretta Jean. Testing for expense preference behavior: Mutual versus stock savings and loans. [Philadelphia]: Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, 1989.

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Adams, Scott. The joy of work: Dilbert's guide to finding happiness at the expense of your co-workers. New York: HarperBusiness, 1998.

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The joy of work: Dilbert's guide to finding happiness at the expense of your co-workers. London: Boxtree, 1998.

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Carey, Kathleen. Does managerial 'outsourcing' reduce expense preference behavior?: A comparison of adopters and non-adopters of contract-management in U.S. hospitals. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002.

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Carlson, Cathy. Big profits at a big price: Public land ranchers profit at the expense of the range. Washington, D.C. (1400 16th St. NW, Washington, 20036): National Wildlife Federation, 1992.

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American Express Travel Related Services Company. The American Express survey of business travel management: A survey of the travel and entertainment expense management practices of American business ; their attitudes, policies, procedures and spending. 4th ed. New York: American Express Travel Related Services, Co., 1988.

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Morreal, William A. Cost of doing business survey: Guidebook : a comprehensive analysis of income and expense data culled from 12 years of surveying samples of the top life insurance producers--MDRT members. Park Ridge, Ill. (325 W. Touhy Ave., Park Ridge 60068): Million Dollar Round Table, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Expense management"

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Cornwall, Jeffrey R., David O. Vang, and Jean M. Hartman. "Expense Forecasting." In Entrepreneurial Financial Management, 73–87. Fifth Edition. | New York: Routledge, 2019. | Revised edition of the authors’ Entrepreneurial financial management, 2016.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429320484-5.

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Issar, Gilad, and Liat Ramati Navon. "Manufacturing Overhead (MOH) and Departmental Expense Control." In Management for Professionals, 91–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20699-8_21.

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Hennion, Sylvie. "Health Expense Management and Freedom of Circulation." In Unionsbürgerschaft und Patientenfreizügigkeit Citoyenneté Européenne et Libre Circulation des Patients EU Citizenship and Free Movement of Patients, 49–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41311-7_5.

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Maxam, Clark L., Seow Eng Ong, and Craig Wisen. "Funds of Funds: Diversification, Selection or Expense Arbitrage?" In Diversification and Portfolio Management of Mutual Funds, 18–56. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230626508_2.

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Rundshagen, Volker, and Markus Raueiser. "Big Business Bias? European Policy at the Expense of Small and Alternative Ventures." In Contributions to Management Science, 371–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72239-9_18.

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Chen, Xiaolan, Hao Ma, Ying Wu, and Min Li. "Intramural R&D Expense and Regional High Technology Industry’s Profitability–An Industry-Province Level Analysis." In Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management, 1263–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93351-1_98.

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Danzon, Patricia M. "The Effects of Shifting Medical Expense from Pip Auto Coverage to First Party Health Insurance." In Insurance, Risk Management, and Public Policy, 139–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1378-6_7.

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Wang, Heng. "The Influence of Research and Development Investment Expense and Capitalization on Stock Price—Based on the Empirical Research of Chinese Telecommunication Enterprises." In Recent Trends in Decision Science and Management, 281–84. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3588-8_34.

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Lyu, Yuezhen, Yuzhe Wu, and Ye Lin. "Granger Causality Test of Science & Technology Innovation Expense and New Urbanization—A Case Study of Hangzhou City." In Proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate, 1–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0855-9_1.

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Moss, Timothy. "Solving Problems of ‘Fit’ at the Expense of Problems of ‘Interplay’? The Spatial Reorganisation of Water Management Following the EU Water Framework Directive." In How Institutions Change, 85–121. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80936-0_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Expense management"

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Bozkus, Zeki, Christophe Bisson, and Taner Arsan. "Analytical expense management system." In 2009 First International Conference on Networked Digital Technologies (NDT). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ndt.2009.5272148.

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Saravanan, M. K. "Plenary talk: Enterprise telecom expense management." In 2011 International Conference on Recent Trends in Information Technology (ICRTIT). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icrtit.2011.5972494.

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Yadav, Sumit, Richa Malhotra, and Jyoti Tripathi. "Smart Expense Management Model for Smart Homes." In 2016 International Conference on Computational Techniques in Information and Communication Technologies (ICCTICT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icctict.2016.7514640.

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Sheng-Tsai Liu and Wen-Hong Chiu. "Service expense, services diversity and business model innovation." In 2015 12th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2015.7170277.

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Manalo, Romeo G., and Marivic V. Manalo. "Operating Expense Budgeting Using Standard Activity Measurement Plan." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem45057.2020.9309913.

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Nchini, Mpho, and Rashad Yazdanifard. "Integration Management Skills at the Expense of Technical Management Skills in the Field of Project Management." In 2011 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2011.5999087.

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Zhang, Lifeng, Yilei Wang, and Tao Li. "A Dynamic Programming Model about Optimized Port Transport Expense Paper." In 2009 IITA International Conference on Services Science, Management and Engineering (SSME). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssme.2009.155.

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Wei, Feng, and Li Dianzuo. "Study on University Finance Funding Construction Project Risk Expense Control." In 2014 Conference on Informatisation in Education, Management and Business (IEMB-14). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iemb-14.2014.33.

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Weigang, Gao, Chen Guiming, and Zheng Xiang. "Analysis on the Application of Big Data in Military Equipment Expense Management." In HPCCT 2019: 2019 The 3rd High Performance Computing and Cluster Technologies Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3341069.3341079.

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Tang, Xiaoping, Yanru Chen, Fengmei Qin, and Qinxin Xiao. "Revenue-and-Expense Sharing Contract of Closed-Loop Supply Chain with Two Markets." In International Conference of Logistics Engineering and Management (ICLEM) 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41139(387)608.

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Reports on the topic "Expense management"

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Wilson, D. Travel expense reimbursement for HANDI 2000 business management system. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10154426.

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Carey, Kathleen, and Avi Dor. Does Managerial 'Outsourcing' Reduce Expense Preference Behavior? A Comparison of Adopters and Non-Adopters of Contract-Management in US Hospitals. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9157.

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Iwara, MaryAnne. Hybrid Peacebuilding Approaches in Africa: Harnessing Complementary Parallels. RESOLVE Network, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/pn2020.15.lpbi.

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Many of the most pressing conflicts across sub-Saharan Africa today—including violent extremism, sexual and gender-based violence, pastoralist/farmer conflicts, and criminal banditry—are shaped by local, community-level drivers. Despite these local drivers, however, international peacebuilding approaches often ignore or neglect bottom-up, grassroots strategies for addressing them. Often, international efforts to contribute to the prevention and management of local conflicts depend heavily on large-scale, expensive, and external interventions like peacekeepers, while under-investing in or by-passing traditional/customary mechanisms and resources that uphold locally defined values of peace, tolerance, solidarity, and respect. Recognizing that these traditional and customary practices themselves sometimes have their own legacies of violence and inequality, this policy note emphasizes the possibility of combining aspects of traditional peacebuilding mechanisms with international conflict management approaches to harness the benefits of both.
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Yan, Yujie, and Jerome F. Hajjar. Automated Damage Assessment and Structural Modeling of Bridges with Visual Sensing Technology. Northeastern University, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17760/d20410114.

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Recent advances in visual sensing technology have gained much attention in the field of bridge inspection and management. Coupled with advanced robotic systems, state-of-the-art visual sensors can be used to obtain accurate documentation of bridges without the need for any special equipment or traffic closure. The captured visual sensor data can be post-processed to gather meaningful information for the bridge structures and hence to support bridge inspection and management. However, state-of-the-practice data postprocessing approaches require substantial manual operations, which can be time-consuming and expensive. The main objective of this study is to develop methods and algorithms to automate the post-processing of the visual sensor data towards the extraction of three main categories of information: 1) object information such as object identity, shapes, and spatial relationships - a novel heuristic-based method is proposed to automate the detection and recognition of main structural elements of steel girder bridges in both terrestrial and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based laser scanning data. Domain knowledge on the geometric and topological constraints of the structural elements is modeled and utilized as heuristics to guide the search as well as to reject erroneous detection results. 2) structural damage information, such as damage locations and quantities - to support the assessment of damage associated with small deformations, an advanced crack assessment method is proposed to enable automated detection and quantification of concrete cracks in critical structural elements based on UAV-based visual sensor data. In terms of damage associated with large deformations, based on the surface normal-based method proposed in Guldur et al. (2014), a new algorithm is developed to enhance the robustness of damage assessment for structural elements with curved surfaces. 3) three-dimensional volumetric models - the object information extracted from the laser scanning data is exploited to create a complete geometric representation for each structural element. In addition, mesh generation algorithms are developed to automatically convert the geometric representations into conformal all-hexahedron finite element meshes, which can be finally assembled to create a finite element model of the entire bridge. To validate the effectiveness of the developed methods and algorithms, several field data collections have been conducted to collect both the visual sensor data and the physical measurements from experimental specimens and in-service bridges. The data were collected using both terrestrial laser scanners combined with images, and laser scanners and cameras mounted to unmanned aerial vehicles.
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Lumpkin, Shamsie, Isaac Parrish, Austin Terrell, and Dwayne Accardo. Pain Control: Opioid vs. Nonopioid Analgesia During the Immediate Postoperative Period. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0008.

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Background Opioid analgesia has become the mainstay for acute pain management in the postoperative setting. However, the use of opioid medications comes with significant risks and side effects. Due to increasing numbers of prescriptions to those with chronic pain, opioid medications have become more expensive while becoming less effective due to the buildup of patient tolerance. The idea of opioid-free analgesic techniques has rarely been breached in many hospitals. Emerging research has shown that opioid-sparing approaches have resulted in lower reported pain scores across the board, as well as significant cost reductions to hospitals and insurance agencies. In addition to providing adequate pain relief, the predicted cost burden of an opioid-free or opioid-sparing approach is significantly less than traditional methods. Methods The following groups were considered in our inclusion criteria: those who speak the English language, all races and ethnicities, male or female, home medications, those who are at least 18 years of age and able to provide written informed consent, those undergoing inpatient or same-day surgical procedures. In addition, our scoping review includes the following exclusion criteria: those who are non-English speaking, those who are less than 18 years of age, those who are not undergoing surgical procedures while admitted, those who are unable to provide numeric pain score due to clinical status, those who are unable to provide written informed consent, and those who decline participation in the study. Data was extracted by one reviewer and verified by the remaining two group members. Extraction was divided as equally as possible among the 11 listed references. Discrepancies in data extraction were discussed between the article reviewer, project editor, and group leader. Results We identified nine primary sources addressing the use of ketamine as an alternative to opioid analgesia and post-operative pain control. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between perioperative ketamine administration and postoperative pain control. While this information provides insight on opioid-free analgesia, it also revealed the limited amount of research conducted in this area of practice. The strategies for several of the clinical trials limited ketamine administration to a small niche of patients. The included studies provided evidence for lower pain scores, reductions in opioid consumption, and better patient outcomes. Implications for Nursing Practice Based on the results of the studies’ randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, the effects of ketamine are shown as an adequate analgesic alternative to opioids postoperatively. The cited resources showed that ketamine can be used as a sole agent, or combined effectively with reduced doses of opioids for multimodal therapy. There were noted limitations in some of the research articles. Not all of the cited studies were able to include definitive evidence of proper blinding techniques or randomization methods. Small sample sizes and the inclusion of specific patient populations identified within several of the studies can skew data in one direction or another; therefore, significant clinical results cannot be generalized to patient populations across the board.
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