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Fast, Sara, and Mirjam Ling. "A Retail Expansion in the UK : A qualitative analysis of smaller Scandinavian fashion companies' expansion options and market potentials in the UK market." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-19748.
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The fashion industry has become an industry with high attention, and in recent years Swedish fashion has become a strong name internationally. At the same time, it is a competitive industry where smaller fashion companies are competing with big clothing chains. For these actors it is important to internationalise and enter foreign markets to be able to grow. This requires resources and capital that many of the smaller fashion companies today is missing; market knowledge, export knowledge and commercial knowledge. This makes it interesting to see what factors are important for smaller Scandinavian fashion companies to succeed in establishing on the international market. The purpose of this dissertation is to evaluate and analyze conditions for three smaller Scandinavian fashion companies' internationalisation process. The study is based on case studies of these fashion companies. Theories have been chosen according to the background. These highlights the importance for companies to have knowledge of their market, and how internationalisation is a process of knowledge in which they learn something from each step. Furthermore, how companies in some cases follow a particular pattern and how the establishment can be done in specific steps. It may be important to develop relations with actors in their environment. By different theories, the authors have designed an assumption about what is important for the smaller fashion companies. In the dissertation we have found that the most significant and important factors are collaborations, available resources internally or externally, and to have knowledge of the market. The expansion of the business as a foreign establishment means that companies need to seek help outside their organization to succeed internationally.
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Daoud, Dana, and Veronica Högfeldt. "Expanding into new markets : Is Lebanon a potential market for Swedish fast fashion companies?" Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-17106.
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The aim of the thesis is to describe and analyze the potential in a new and foreign market and the market we chose to define is Lebanon. We want to see if there is any potential for Swedish fashion companies to establish there and what kind of problems and barriers the companies could bump into if they decide to expand their operations to Lebanon.The theories that the study is based on are Push & Pull, The Uppsala-model, the Internationalization model, international market environments and the entry modes.Lebanon is a potential market for Swedish fashion companies. It is a market with a big consumer group that likes to spend money on fashion. Since Sweden is famous for fashion that comes with both good quality and price, it would profit them if they entered the Lebanese market. Companies should travel to Lebanon and experience the market and the potential there by themselves, before they enter it. It is important that companies which are in the starting hole to expand to a newmarket collect as much information as possible about it before establishing there to be able to succeed.Program: Magisterutbildning i Fashion Management
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Rhee, Jay Hyuk. "Toward a contingency model of incremental international expansion : the impact of firm, industry and host country characteristics." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1272392336.
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Råberg, Johan, and Max Hedenbergh. "International Market Selection among Swedish retailers : An exploratory study of how Swedish international retailers identify and select foreign markets." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-123348.
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In the wake of globalization, an increasing amount of firms must consider internationalization strategies to remain competitive. The strategic decision of where to expand is complex by nature. This is particularly true for retailers, and despite this being generally accepted, relatively little is in fact known about retailers ́ choice of foreign markets. Hence, this study investigates international market selection (IMS) strategies of Swedish retailers with global operations. The purpose of this study is twofold; first, to explore which criteria Swedish retailers use upon making international market selection decisions and investigate the relative importance among these criteria. Second, to assess the possibilities of creating a weighted IMS model for retailers, which can be use as guidance for marketing practitioners. The research questions which will be answered are: How do Swedish international retailers select foreign markets? What are the possibilities of creating a weighted IMS model for retailers? The study embraces a qualitative strategy with an exploratory research approach and a multiple case study design. Through extensive literature review, a conceptual framework is constructed, and subsequently developed, post gaining insight in practitioners’ reasoning. The empirical data was gathered through interviews with managers of Swedish retailers with international presence, as well as strategy consultants who routinely work with strategy conformation for Swedish retailers. Our findings show that criteria which influence IMS decisions among Swedish retailers are quite similar among firms and can be arranged under three main categories; market attractiveness, psychic distance and internal factors. Moreover, as a result of the empirical findings, we suggest previous IMS research lack one important factor which influences the IMS decisions, namely “gut-feeling”/coincidence. The relative importance among factors proved to vary among firms. Consequently, four concepts aiming at explaining the variations were developed. The four concepts include firm size, firm objective, industry of the firm, and ownership structure. Finally, with support from respondents, we arrived at a conclusion suggesting that construction of a weighted IMS model for all types of retailers is unfeasible. However, if the scope is limited to only include firms of similar characteristics as proposed by the four concepts, such model could potentially yield solid validity.
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Oliveira, Luis. "Decision-making in SME internationalization : The role and use of Control in decisions made under the uncertainties of foreign market expansion." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Mikrodataanalys, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-35373.
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Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) make the backbone of virtually all economies but most of them are only marginally engaged with global markets, particularly those from developing countries. Our ability to advise these firms is currently limited for two major reasons: on the one hand, conventional International Business literature treats the firm as a black box and does not advance in decision-making dynamics that are critical to SMEs' foreign expansion; on the other, recent SME internationalization studies have achieved important progress but seem dependent on the use of Effectuation theory to represent the decisions that guide SME internationalization. This thesis focuses on closing this gap, developing a treatment of SME internationalization that focuses specifically on characterising internationalization-related decisions as being based on firms’ control of their own means, which allow them to proactively create opportunities and take advantage of contingencies (that is, the control principle). Empirically, this thesis builds on a quantitative research design based on survey data collected from 851 SMEs distributed in Brazil, China, Italy, Poland, and Sweden. Analyses of these data were performed with multiple regression equations and structural equation modelling using partial least squares. Results show that SMEs seem more inclined to adopt control-based decisions during internationalization when under uncertainties related to their business networks and when they come from emerging markets. They also reveal that the paths toward the realization of international market performance with control-based decisions seem to involve both firm-level and individual-level dynamics, with social networking playing a critical role. Finally, the findings collectively make it possible to draw a picture that clarifies the conceptualization of the control principle and hints on the multi-level nature of control-based internationalization. Despite limitations, such findings contribute to both International Business and International Entrepreneurship literatures while advancing extant understanding of the nature of the control principle and its role in SME internationalization.
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Sadloňová, Lujza. "Mezinárodní marketingový mix společnosti vstupující na zahraniční trh." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443116.
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The diploma thesis focuses on the issue of the international marketing mix of a Czech company entering the German market. It specifies the motives and forms of entering the foreign market and defines the individual components of the international marketing mix. It contains a suggestion for a suitable form of entry, elaboration of an international marketing mix of the company and based on a survey of competitive prices of selected products, it recommends choosing a suitable pricing strategy when entering a foreign market.
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Habiyakare, Evariste. "A long way to the rainbow country : understanding the foreign market expansion process of Finnish corporations into the Republic of South Africa between 1990 and 2005 /." Åbo : Åbo Akademis förlag, 2009. http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-765-472-2.
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Drahorádová, Jana. "Příležitost strukturální firmy v zahraniční expanzi na konkrétním příkladu ProfiPoradenství s.r.o." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-206678.
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Thesis focuses on principes of multilevel marketing in the example of entering the russian market. On the example of one chosen company shows the ways and methods of foreign expansion. Thesis also focuses on description of russian market and its business principles. Thesis shows the oportunities of doing business through structural company, in the meaning of multilevel marketing and its benefits.
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Hlubučková, Alena. "Potenciál italského trhu pro rozvoj internacionalizace společnosti Storyous." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262190.
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Restaurants, bars or cafés will always serve as places for social interaction and so they are an essential part of human life. In each country around the world, it is a place for meeting people and communication. The mission of Storyous company is to help its clients to create a pleasant atmosphere in their food service business by providing next generation POS system not only in the Czech Republic but also in Poland. The company has already experience with the electronic sales reporting that brings considerations about another international market for its expansion. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the Italian market, mainly the sector of gastronomy services and qualify and quantify the customer base in Italy. At the same time, the structure of competitors along with a brief sample of them will be introduced. The timing for the Italian market entry, the gross initial costs and the rate of product adaption will be discussed on the basis of PEST analysis and Porter Five strenghts model analysis. In the conclusion author of the thesis recommends further steps for more detailed analysis.
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Štěpánková, Tereza. "Expanze vybrané společnosti na zahraniční trh." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443109.
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This diploma thesis is focused on the expansion of a selected company in a foreign market. The main goal is to determine if the company should enter a foreign market. The first part of the diploma thesis is devoted to theoretical knowledge in the area of expansion of the company in a foreign markets. In the analytical part will be performed analyzes that are important for this diploma thesis. In the practical part of the thesis I will introduce the company, propose a strategy for entering a foreign market and evaluate the whole proposal.
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Fojtíčková, Michaela. "Zhodnocení možností expanze vybrané společnosti na britský trh." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443092.
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The diploma thesis aims to suggest the most suitable expansion way of a specific company into the British market. There are three main parts of the work. The theoretical part presents the issue through scholarly literature and scientific articles. The purpose of the practical part is an analysis of the external and internal environment. The research of product user satisfaction as a support for expansion and the investigation of potential partners and competitors directly abroad are included. The proposal part recommends specific ways for the company to enter the UK market through the identified factors.
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Navrátil, Vojtěch. "Návrh marketingové strategie firmy vstupující na zahraniční trh." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234339.
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Diplomová práce se zabývá návrhem marketingové strategie pro vstup internetového obchodu Alza.cz a.s. na zahraniční, konkrétně polský trh. Návrh je reakcí na dominantní postavení internetového obchodu Alza.cz na českém trhu a snaží se najít cestu k dalšímu rozvoji společnosti. V práci je pomocí analýz vyhodnoceno jak interní, tak i externí prostředí organizace. Finální návrh řešení čerpá především z uvedených analýz, navrhuje kroky které by organizace měla podniknout aby na zahraniční trh úspěšně vstoupila a obsahuje i zjednodušený finanční plán pro první rok působení firmy na trhu.
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Ajgrmanová, Lucie. "Analýza možností vstupu firmy BLAŽEK PRAHA a.s. na ruský trh." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75986.
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The aim of my master thesis is to analyse the possibilities of entry of the company BLAŽEK PRAHA, a.s. on the russian market and to propose the optimal marketing strategy for the entry. The first chapter introduces the company BLAŽEK PRAHA, a.s. The second chapter contains the PEST analysis of the russian market. The third chapter describes the expansion of the company on the polish and slovak market and shows the possible reasons for different acceptance of the brand Blažek on both markets. The fourth chapter contains the SWOT analysis of the company BLAŽEK PRAHA, a.s. for the russian market, and the analysis of the russian retail market of men formal clothes, the segmentation of the russian consumers and the analysis of the competition of the company on the russian market. In the fifth chapter I defined the marketing strategy of he company BLAŽEK PRAHA, a.s. for its entry on the russian market. In this chapter I also described the first steps the company should take when entering the russian market and mistakes the company should avoid not to fail when entering it.
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Nevídal, Martin. "Expanze vybraného podniku na zahraniční trh." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-224654.
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Cílem diplomové práce „Expanze vybraného podniku na zahraniční trh“ je navrhnout strategii vstupu společnosti SLUTO s.r.o. na rakouský trh. Teoretická část práce je věnována problematice internacionalizace a podnikových strategií a možnostmi vstupu na zahraniční trhy. V analytické části práce jsou provedeny analýzy prostředí společnosti SLUTO s.r.o. za předpokladu její působnosti na rakouském trhu, přičemž získané výsledky jsou následně sumarizovány ve SWOT analýze. Návrhová část práce, jež je v podstatě business plánem rakouské dceřiné společnosti SLUTO s.r.o., pak v souladu s poznatky z jednotlivých analýz nabízí možné návrhy a doporučení.
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Klossek, Andreas M. "Market entry and expansion through international joint ventures." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-0228667.
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International joint ventures (IJVs) are important modes for entering foreign markets. Yet, research shows that IJVs are volatile, difficult to manage, and often fail, especially when the joint venture is located in a developing country. Many studies look at a range of different factors behind IJV success or failure, and a few longitudinal studies have shed light on some of the complex management processes within IJVs. Many researchers have concluded that the high rate of IJV failure is due to internal tensions that are inherent to IJVs, but viable solutions for practitioners are rare. In the absence of a model that adequately explains the longitudinal aspects and determinants of IJV performance, we see firms electing to stay in underperforming IJVs, even though more profitable modes of entry into foreign markets exist. In this thesis I analyze market entry and expansion through IJVs using a multi-causal analysis of IJV performance. I begin with a critical evaluation of the IJV literature. I then develop a process-oriented model that may explain why firms persist with failing IJVs. Finally, I draw several important conclusions that have valuable implications for practitioners and for future research.
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Lee, Cheuk-wing. "Transmission expansion planning in a restructured electricity market." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38959410.
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Lee, Cheuk-wing, and 李卓穎. "Transmission expansion planning in a restructured electricity market." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38959410.
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Fučikovský, Jan. "Preparation of Business for Expansion to Chinese Market." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264335.
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This master thesis is written as a guideline for successful business expansion to Chinese market. It describes the regional characteristics, which are important in order to understand the Chinese culture, since without proper understanding of the culture, all of its aspects and concepts such as Guanxi, no foreign firm will be able to succeed in China. Apart of the cultural analysis it also deals with the theory of expansion, how to correctly approach it, what are the possible entry modes and financial sources. I used three case studies, which provide real life experience with this issue from different points of view. The practical part of the thesis is primarily focused on financial industry in China, specifically on investment funds and what should be the necessary steps for any investment fund, which would like to expand to Chinese market.
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Sibiya, Veli. "Public policy and barriers influencing SMEs' market expansion." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/59775.
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This study sought to determine the influence of four critical barriers (access to
procurement contracts, access to funding, regulatory frameworks, and access to market
information) on the market expansion of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in a setting
that includes both private and public institutions instead of only public institutions. To that
end, the resource-based view of a firm (RBV) theory and institutional theory were adopted
as main theories for the study on the premise that SMEs have limited internal resources,
and the influence of resources on SMEs' performance is dependent on the institutional
environment.
A survey research method consisting of structured questions and statements administered
through a web-based questionnaire was used for collecting data. To ensure quality results,
the data collected from 178 managers of formal manufacturing SMEs was reduced to 79
through a rigorous data cleaning process.
The multiple linear regression test results suggest that South African SMEs are still
experiencing challenges regarding access to markets or procurement contracts, access to
funding, access to market information, and an unfavourable regulatory environment. Given
these facts, government must design and implement a public policy to facilitate the
creation of business networks in a value chain between SMEs and large private firms with
the aim of ensuring that SMEs have access to sufficient private funding, all necessary
market information, and private procurement contracts. Furthermore, government together
with relevant stakeholders must create a favourable regulatory environment through
policies and regulations, through which large private firms would be encouraged to
develop SMEs through supply chain or procurement development initiatives.Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
zk2017
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted
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Edler, Jonatan, Tomas Andersson, and Eric Bergqvist. "Entrepreneurial Expansion : Swedish staffing companies entering the market in Oslo, Norway." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Administration, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12031.
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Purpose
Our purpose is to develop a model, based on theoretical framework regarding expansion strategies and cultural differences and see if it can explain the establishment of Swedish staffing companies in Oslo, Norway.
Theoretical Framework
The theoretical framework presents theories within the field of cultural and social beha-vior, internationalization in general and two different approaches of international expan-sion. Each theory is explained and referred to entrepreneurial expansion.
Method
This study has been based on three Swedish staffing companies and their expansion to Oslo, Norway. The research done has been both quantitative with surveys and qualita-tive with semi-structured interviews.
Findings
According to the study, reasons to expand to Oslo for a Swedish staffing company are mainly due to the cultural similarities and the lucrative possibilities within the market. Expansion is preferable done with an incremental approach in line with the Uppsala model. Furthermore, no major barriers exist. The models of International New Venture and Born Globals are not applicable, while the theory of Hofstede is partially supported. Scott‟s theory is unworkable to consider due to lack of differences, while the intervie-wees support the theory of Rundh in terms of internationalization. It is the belief of the authors that their own model, supported by the empirical findings, also can be used by other companies, acting in other industries, in order to get a comprehensive overview of the factors that should be taken into account before going international. One should though keep in mind, that the cultural differences normally are bigger than in the case with Sweden and Norway.
Syfte
Vårt syfte är att utveckla en modell som bygger på teori gällande expansionsstrategier och kulturella skillnader för att se om det kan förklara etableringen av svenska bemanningsföretag i Oslo, Norge.
Teori
Författarnas teoretiska ramverk presenteras genom teorier om kulturella och sociala skillnader, samt internationalisering i allmänhet som presenteras genom två olika strategier. Varje teori förklaras och återknyts till företagsexpansion.
Metod
Den här studien är baserad på tre svenska bemanningsföretag och deras expansion till Oslo, Norge. Undersökningen som utförts har varit både kvalitativ, i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer, samt kvantitativ genom en undersökning.
Resultat
Enligt studien är skälen till att svenska bemanningsföretag väljer att expandera till Norge främst de kulturella likheterna länderna emellan, samt de lukrativa möjligheter som finns inom den norska marknaden. Expansion till Norge görs vanligtvis med ett successivt tillvägagångssätt i linje med Uppsala-modellen. Inga större hinder med expansion har påvisats. Vidare visar studien att modellerna International New Venture och Born Globals inte är tillämpliga, medan teorin av Hofstede får visst stöd. De två intervjuade deltagarna stödjer dock Rundh‟s teorier angående internationalisering. Författarnas uppfattning är den egna modellen, utvecklad med hjälp av det empiriska materialet, även kan användas av företag i andra branscher för att få en överskådlig bild av de faktorer som kan komma att påverka valet gällande en eventuell utlandsexpansion. De måste dock vara medvetna om
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Eriksson, Martin, and Adrian Djerf. ""Decision-making and market expansion: a case study of Saab AB."." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-28374.
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Galli, Filippo. "Market expansion and the co-opetition of criminal organizations in Italy." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11760.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsA mafia modernization process will be addressed. That is the process by which the expansion growth into new territories coincided with a shift of objectives and interests of the mafia itself, which turned from being "traditional" to "entrepreneurial." Beside that we will examine the strategies adopted by the criminal organizations in order to successfully face the legal market and maintain at the same time a deep control over their home-regions.
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Stone, Marilyn A. "The expansion of UK-based logistics service providers into continental Europe." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1216.
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Erlandsson, Erik, and Habane Hassan. "Expansion of a small Swedish IT firm : A market and entry mode selection." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-169204.
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Internationalization within the information communication technology (ICT) sector has become more essential today and this has raised the international competition over customers. The Nordic markets growth and development in its ICT sector has brought new competition and has been the substance of change in business concerning, organizational changes, reduce transaction costs and rationalize and restrict supply chains. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to compare the Nordic ICT markets and the potential for small IT firm namely, Radar Group International AB. To be able to understand Radar Group’s potential in the Nordic IT markets this thesis is divided in to two aspects, market selection and entry mode selection. When we have evaluated the Nordic markets we made, based on our findings recommendations to Radar Group in what market to enter and how to enter that market. For comprehensive understanding of this study, we choose concentration of the theoretical framework committed to the subject, market selection and entry mode selection. Furthermore, we used qualitative method in collecting the empirical data consisting of raw data and in-depth interviews with three international IT firms based in Sweden about their market selection and entry mode selection. Our conclusion indicates that Radar Group should explore the Norwegian market as it offers greater customer potentials and stronger economic growth. While expanding to the Norwegian market, it is our opinion that Radar Group should use Joint venture as their entry mode. It is the most suitable mode for Radar Group in terms of financial aspect, the company’s business concept and previous experience.
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Tomari, Yukako, and yukakotomari@hotmail com. "Investigation the tween girls fashion market in Melbourne: Opportunities for expansion and adaptation." RMIT University. Architecture & Design, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20090317.141901.
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In the last decade, children who are in the age range between childhood and adolescence, the so called 'tweens', have captured the attention and a great deal of interest of marketers and many commercial stakeholders in different fields of business due to their significant spending power and specific culture. Tweens are now much more strongly targeted by marketers and businesses than were the previous generation; girls in particularly are targeted more than boys. Within a fashion context, tween girls are expanding their influence and their consumer power in the market. Following the global acknowledgement of tweens, in Australia, and in Melbourne in particular, tween fashion retailers have been emerging and evolving recently in response to the market's interest and demand for tween fashion. The tween girls' fashion consumption has a viability and is seen a major emergent marketing phenomenon one that is predicted to expand. There is currently a debate in Australia whether tween girls dress inappropriately as adults. This may be a result of the absence of a particular tween girls fashion sector in fashion industry in Melbourne. Further development will be significant in providing age-appropriate clothing range for the market. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to investigate the market segment. A case study of a Japanese company is used to gain further understanding of current and future developments within the market. The case study will provide some background information to the situation being presented and assist in the analysis of possible suggestions and recommendations. The tween girls fashion industry incorporates many different factors. There is a specific focus on the opportunities for expansion and adaptation in the market segment. This research investigates the tween girls' fashion segment in Australia to identify and understand its relationship with respect to fashion marketing and consumption. It also identifies the gaps or opportunities in the market and proposes business opportunities to address these gaps. This research demonstrates the possibility for the market development of tween girls in Melbourne.
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Sant'Anna, Ana Cláudia. "Ethanol and sugarcane expansion in the Brazilian Cerrado: farm, industry, and market analyses." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35439.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Agricultural Economics
Jason S. Bergtold
Tian Xia
Brazil is one of the leading producers of ethanol, sugar, and sugarcane. Increasing demand for biofuels aligned with public policies prompted the expansion of sugarcane into the Brazilian Cerrado, particularly, into the states of Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul. The overall purpose of this dissertation, comprised of three essays, is to understand the impacts from the sugarcane expansion on farmers, processors, and the market. At the market level, the first essay, estimates the impacts of public policies and market factors on ethanol and sugar, supply and demand, in Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul, using three-stage least squares. Results show that ethanol supply is sensitive to public policies whereas the sugar supply is sensitive to market prices. Sugar and ethanol were found to be complementary outputs. For ethanol expansion to be sustainable the ethanol market must be developed to the extent that it relies on market factors and is no longer dependent on public policies. At the farmer level, the second essay, examines farmers' willingness to sign a sugarcane contract with a mill in the Brazilian Cerrado. A hypothetical stated choice experiment was conducted with farmers in Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul. Respondents choose between three contracts (land rental, agricultural partnership and supply) and two optout options ("keep current contract" or "not grow sugarcane"). A single and a two opt-out random parameters models were estimated. The two opt-out model allowed for a better interpretation of the status quo. Willingness to pay, direct and cross-elasticity measures for contract attributes were calculated. Results showed that farmers prefer contracts with higher returns, shorter duration and a lower probability of late payments. Farmers seemed to prefer to renting out their land to the mill than to produce sugarcane themselves, which could lead to consequences for rural development and the sustainability of sugarcane expansion. At the processor level, the third essay investigates the impact of vertical coordination on input-oriented technical efficiency using data envelopment analysis (first stage) and a Tobit censored model (second stage). 204 Brazilian mills were considered. The second stage controlled for vertical integration as well as other characteristics of the mill. Vertical integration was measured as the percentage of total sugarcane used, supplied by mills. A negative, though minimal, relationship between vertical integration and technical efficiency was found. Hence, technical efficiency is not the major driver of vertical integration. Other vertical coordination strategies may bring more benefits in terms of technical efficiency (e.g. contracts). Drivers of vertical integration seem to vary according to the characteristics of the location of the mill.
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Roppelt, Claudia, and Trallero Carlos Alejandro Royo. "Trust and Relationship Building during an International Market Expansion : The case of Elekta." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24778.
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Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate how relationships are built in a cross-cultural setting and to identify which interpersonal factors need to be taken into account to guarantee the successful creation of relationships. Methodology: The method of this study follows a qualitative approach through the gathering of empirical data. The case of the healthcare equipment company Elekta is selected for data collection from employees of the Brazilian and Swedish office. Interviews have been conducted face-to-face and through videoconference tools. The selection of interviewees is based on the role of the individual within the company and the involvement in the market expansion from Sweden to Brazil. Secondary data from scientific articles and academic journals is compared and analyzed with primary data. Findings: The establishment of relationships during an international market expansion is bounded to the cultural differences present between two parties. Among these differences language, communication, trust and local business practices play a role in the relationship building process. The use of local employees can reduce risks of an unknown market and give access to business networks. Relationships are essential for Brazilians and personal connections are more important than institutional relationships. Cultural differences should, however, not be completely adapted to the local market, since a mix of Brazilian and Swedish business practices has been shown to be advantageous. This is due to high reputation of the Swedish country of origin of Elekta and the favored Swedish business practices. Therefore, foreignness and cultural differences do not necessarily imply negative effects on relationship building, but can have a positive outcome on the development of trust. Contribution: The study contributes to relational theories by providing new theoretical insight in the phenomenon of relationship building in a cross-cultural environment. It contributes to current academic studies, focusing on strategies to successfully conduct market expansions and establish physical presence in a foreign county. Furthermore, it gives new insight in relationship building practices in the healthcare sector. The study emphasizes the positive effect of culture in an international environment, which has been neglected in previous studies. Limitations: Since cultural aspects play a large role in this study, findings are specific to the Latin American continent. Responses obtained during the interviews were a product of questions aimed to the specific geographical area, in regards to the healthcare sector. Therefore, including additional countries in a same sector study may result in dissimilar results. Suggestions for further research: This research involves Brazil and Sweden as a cultural framework. Therefore, perception of the reputation of country origin and perception of cultural business practices may differ between other geographic locations. Further research should investigate on the differences of relationship building in other nations. This could give insight in positive and negative aspects perceived per country of another culture.
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Oklešťková, Sára. "Studie proveditelnosti expanze vybrané společnosti na zahraniční trh." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-414483.
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The main goal for this diplomatic field is to study the expansion achievement of a particular company breaking into the international market. First part of this study consists theoretical solutions which targets strategies of the best way to enter a new market in Austria. In this particular analysis it is covered a research on local and outlying regions. And this study covers the possibility of entering this market and consider the viability of expansion that may enhance it's growth and profitability. There are strategies put in place in this study that will outline the expenses of marketing and other solutions. It is vital to perform this study to assure that such business is not only going to be successful but also to perform at it's highest level.
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Brammer, Stephen John. "A bounds approach to industrial performance." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327416.
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Keval, Jorge Zabir Dias. "Management consulting lab: project TAP." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10084.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsTAP is facing the full-establishment and expansion of a competitor in the market, which in consequence will result in a negative impact on revenues. The aim of the project was to quantify the past and future impact that this competitor has on TAP and to recommend strategic guidelines to diminish that impact. The analysis are based on analytical models, field work and qualitative research. The results imply that TAP has to take action in the short and long term, with the aim to diminish the negative impact, stimulate profitable markets where TAP has a competitive advantage and customize their offer to capture all the market potential.
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Osseiran, Ghia. "Higher education expansion and graduate labour market outcomes in Spain : overqualification and its discontents." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:39f25bfd-de6b-435d-9b9f-28e4fd3f847b.
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This is a mixed methods study about graduate educational and skill mismatch in Spain. The study examines the evolution of graduate mismatch at the macro level, investigating changes in the number of tertiary graduates vis-à-vis-the number of high-skilled jobs in the economy. The proliferation in the share of graduates unable to find high-skilled jobs in Spain has accentuated policy concerns that the number of graduates has increased faster than the number of high-skilled occupations available. Graduates are consequently "bumped down" the occupational ladder and forced to take up lower-skilled jobs, a situation defined in this thesis as occupational drifting down. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to exploring the determinants of graduate labour market mismatch, with focus on the influence of educational track and field of study on the probability of graduate employment and occupational drifting down. Drawing on the Spanish Labour Force Survey for 2006 and 2012, this study provides an original analysis of the determinants of employment and occupational drifting down among Spanish graduates, employing logistic models to evaluate the influence of personal, educational and occupational characteristics. The fact that these graduates are employed in jobs that one generation ago were occupied by non-graduates, however, does not automatically indicate that the demands of these occupations has remained the same. Since job content is not fixed, the quantitative methods employed in this thesis alone are insufficient to determine the skill requirements of occupations and changes in job content over time. This study, therefore, uses the multiple-case study approach to investigate changing skill requirements within occupations. To this end, 50 in-depth interviews with senior managers and graduates in the retail banking and retail trade industries were conducted in Spain between January 2015 and March 2016. In gaining proximity to the real-life context of graduate mismatch in the workplace, this study seeks to advance scholarship on graduate skills utilization and hiring trends at the sectoral level, providing novel insight into the changing skill requirements of two industries in Spain. In this way, this study fills a research gap, as sectoral case studies are sparse in the literature (Caroli et al., 2008; Elias and Purcell, 2004; Mason, 2002; Green and McIntosh, 2002, Knights and McCabe, 1998, Mason, 1996), particularly for Spain.
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Usar, Joseph Iornumbe. "An economic analysis of retail pharmaceutical market in Nigeria : towards access expansion and policy." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2014. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7466.
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Rural areas in much of sub-Saharan Africa access needed health care from untrained and often poorly regulated drug vendor shops with concerns over the quality of products and services provided and their public health implications. The thesis undertook to understand market relationships in a rural retail drug market in the light of the structure-conduct-performance paradigm and isolate opportunities for potential policy interventions for improved access to quality and safer medicines. Data was collected from a sample of patent medicine vendors and drug purchasers in Katsina-Ala Local Government Area of Benue State, north central Nigeria, over 9 months in 2012. Information from drug vendors and drug consumers was generated through semi-structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews and systematic business transaction observations. Key state and national drug regulatory officials were also interviewed in-depth and related documentary data collected and evaluated. Data analysis focussed mainly on the relationships between market structure, provider conduct, consumer behaviour and the nature of regulation, with the aim of understanding market performance in relation to access to medicines and their rational use. The study established that patent medicine vendors were an important source of medicines for inhabitants of the local government for ambulatory primary health care. Drug retailers were said to be a reliable source of a wide range of drugs provided at relatively more affordable prices and in a convenient way that satisfied consumer expectations. However, a number of market failures existed: low quality of treatment due to poor provider knowledge of diseases and drugs and therefore inappropriate prescription and dispensing practices. Ineffective regulation was also demonstrated by way of inappropriate and inadequate regulatory regime, occasioned by wide spread regulatory infractions. To attain the desirable public health objective of sustained improvement in the quality of products and services obtainable at patent medicine vendor outlets, regulatory strategies must be contextually relevant, providers must be trained and offered financial and business incentives and consumers must be empowered by accessible and timely health information for informed choices against the backdrop of strengthened and better incentivized inspectorate unit in a systematically intertwined approach.
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Antoninis, Emmanouil. "The expansion of technical secondary education in Egypt and its effect on the labour market." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369604.
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Imtiaz, Asaad. "Business Expansion of Apparel Brands : Accessing opportunities in Apparel/Retail sector in Pakistan." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-169.
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The current study aims to investigate the feasibility of international apparel and footwear retailers to expand their business in Pakistan and compete with other brands. It also highlights the business opportunities in Pakistan apparel retail sector and the motivations of international brands behind expansions. This study was conducted with the help of interviews based on diamond model of Porter, and Hofsetede cultural dimensions. The open ended questions were delivered to the professionals electronically while interviews were conducted by telephone. Seven companies from Pakistan were selected for study purpose. Data was analyzed and assessed manually. The study revealed that there is a significant opportunity for international apparel retailers to launch their retail outlets in Pakistan along with some risks. International brands which are financially strong can tackle these risks. However it was concluded that the companies with less financial strength may find it difficult to go in a new market within 5 years. UK brands are already there and brands from other countries are also opening. Overall Pakistan retail sector is growing and people are becoming fashion conscious. This study provides information to International apparel brands which they can take into consideration while entering Pakistan's apparel retail market. It also gives an opportunity for assessment of market in the light of theoretical modules and shows a direction of getting better market share by launching.
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Canhanga, Betuel. "Asymptotic Methods for Pricing European Option in a Market Model With Two Stochastic Volatilities." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Utbildningsvetenskap och Matematik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-33475.
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Modern financial engineering is a part of applied mathematics that studies market models. Each model is characterized by several parameters. Some of them are familiar to a wide audience, for example, the price of a risky security, or the risk free interest rate. Other parameters are less known, for example, the volatility of the security. This parameter determines the rate of change of security prices and is determined by several factors. For example, during the periods of stable economic growth the prices are changing slowly, and the volatility is small. During the crisis periods, the volatility significantly increases. Classical market models, in particular, the celebrated Nobel Prize awarded Black–Scholes–Merton model (1973), suppose that the volatility remains constant during the lifetime of a financial instrument. Nowadays, in most cases, this assumption cannot adequately describe reality. We consider a model where both the security price and the volatility are described by random functions of time, or stochastic processes. Moreover, the volatility process is modelled as a sum of two independent stochastic processes. Both of them are mean reverting in the sense that they randomly oscillate around their average values and never escape neither to very small nor to very big values. One is changing slowly and describes low frequency, for example, seasonal effects, another is changing fast and describes various high frequency effects. We formulate the model in the form of a system of a special kind of equations called stochastic differential equations. Our system includes three stochastic processes, four independent factors, and depends on two small parameters. We calculate the price of a particular financial instrument called European call option. This financial contract gives its holder the right (but not the obligation) to buy a predefined number of units of the risky security on a predefined date and pay a predefined price. To solve this problem, we use the classical result of Feynman (1948) and Kac (1949). The price of the instrument is the solution to another kind of problem called boundary value problem for a partial differential equation. The resulting equation cannot be solved analytically. Instead we represent the solution in the form of an expansion in the integer and half-integer powers of the two small parameters mentioned above. We calculate the coefficients of the expansion up to the second order, find their financial sense, perform numerical studies, and validate our results by comparing them to known verified models from the literature. The results of our investigation can be used by both financial institutions and individual investors for optimization of their incomes.
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Yung, Man-sing, and 容萬城. "Education and the labour market: the implications of higher education expansion in Hong Kong in the1990s." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31955976.
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Boyen, Maria Helena. "Expansion and market entry strategies of multinational lodging firms in emerging markets: the case of Brazil." Universidade de Fortaleza, 2012. http://dspace.unifor.br/handle/tede/89601.
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Previous issue date: 2012-02-08This study investigates expansion and entry strategies of multinational lodging firms to Brazil. Due to the emerging importance of services in economic development, the amount of research on the process of internationalization and service industries, where lodging firms are counted to, is growing; but international lodging industry research still lacks sufficient research, particularly studies about the internationalization of lodging firms to Latin America or a Latin American country. This thesis seeks to readdress the obvious gap in literature. Therefore, it is assumed that it is useful to conduct an applied study with field research in Brazil, a country of emerging importance. A questionnaire survey was conducted of multinational lodging firms that have started operations in Brazil. The empirical research was conducted to find out if multinational lodging firms follow any patterns when entering an emerging market country like Brazil. In the course of the thesis, temporal, geographical and operational patterns of multinational lodging firms in Brazil were analyzed. The findings show that the lodging firms in Brazil followed differing time patterns, but had similar geographical scope. Non-equity involvement was the most favored form of involvement. Although similarities in the patterns were observed, the individual lodging firms followed differing internationalization and expansion strategies to Brazil. Finally, with regard to future developments, all multinational lodging firms in the sample see a moderate positive outlook. Keywords:lodging firms, expansion strategies, emerging markets, Brazil
Este estudo investigou a expansão e estratégias de entrada das empresas multinacionais de hotelaria no Brasil. Devido à crescente importância dos serviços no desenvolvimento econômico a quantidade de pesquisas sobre o processo de internacionalização e indústrias de serviços está crescendo. No entanto, ainda faltam estudos específicos no mercado de empresas multinacionais de hotelaria, particularmente estudos específicos sobre internacionalização de empresas de hotelariada América Latina ou de algum país desta região. A dissertação procura preencher essa lacuna na literatura. Acredita-se que é de grande importânciarealizar um estudo aplicado por meio de uma pesquisa de campo no Brasil, um país de importância emergente. Uma pesquisa utilizando a técnica de coleta de dados através dequestionários foi realizada com as empresas multinacionais que começaram suas operações no ramo hoteleiro brasileiro. O intuito da pesquisa empírica foi descobrir se as empresas hoteleiras multinacionais seguemalgum padrão quando entramnum país de mercado emergente como o Brasil. No decorrer da dissertação foram analisados os padrões temporais, geográficos e operacionais destas empresas. Os resultados mostraram que as empresas hoteleiras no Brasil seguiram diferentes padrões temporais, mas similares padrões geográficos. Também se observou a preferência poroutras formas de iniciar negócios no Brasil que não precisaram investimentos diretos de capital, como franquias ou licenças, por exemplo. Apesar de semelhanças entre os padrões observados, as empresas de hotelaria seguiram diferentes estratégias de internacionalização e expansão no Brasil. Finalmente, todas as empresas pesquisadas na amostra têm perspectivas positivas para investimentos futuros e abertura de novos hotéis. Palavras-chave: empresas de hotelaria, estratégias de expansão, mercados emergentes, Brasil
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Mann, Laura Elizabeth. "Retreat of the state and the market : liberalisation and education expansion in Sudan under the NCP." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6465.
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This thesis is an analysis of two concurrent processes - the liberalisation of the economy and the expansion of the tertiary education system - by the National Islamic Front (NIF)/National Congress Party (NCP) in Khartoum, Sudan. It is based on 18 months fieldwork conducted between 2008 and 2010, combining qualitative material from interviews, focus groups and field notes with a questionnaire administered to 300 employees in 14 organisations and 100 other individuals on public transportation. This questionnaire was adapted from Mark Granovetter’s survey of job information in the United States. The thesis makes both theoretical and empirical contributions. It examines the extent to which liberalisation has developed ‘markets’ by looking at communication in the labour market from the point of view of university graduates and managers in different fields. In contrast to Granovetter’s theory of ‘the strength of weak ties’ (SWT), it shows a trend of strong and strengthening ties in the Sudanese labour market. It argues that the combination of politically motivated liberalisation and the drastic expansion of education has plunged Sudan into a state of ‘hyperinflation’ of its qualifications, making public information about candidates untrustworthy and encouraging managers to use more personal sources of information to evaluate candidates. A simultaneous privatisation and internationalisation of opportunity has ensued. Educational expansion and liberalisation have dissolved the national cognitive space of the labour market and have forced actors to construct their own private economic spaces and to draw on transnational spaces in order to deal with uncertainty. The thesis therefore demonstrates an incongruity between ‘liberalised markets’ and the ‘markets’ envisioned by economic models (spaces of communication and coordination between strangers). It concludes by arguing that the retreat of both state and market has contributed to the ethnic fragmentation of Sudan under the NCP.
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Morrissey, John. "Encountering colonialism : Gaelic-Irish responses to new English expansion in early modern west Tipperary, c.1541-1641." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324740.
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Kyjak, Marek. "Podnikatelský záměr - rozšíření obchodní firmy na zahraniční trh." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377440.
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This diploma thesis deals with possibility of a Czech company to enter Slovak market. The company specializes in production and distribution of pub quizzes. Aim of the thesis is to evaluate whether entering Slovak market would be profitable or not. This possibility is judged on the basis of a comprehensive business plan. The theoretical part characterizes individual parts of a business plan in general. The practical part follows up specific parts of the business plan in question. The final part includes evaluation of the business plan and provides recommendation together with final decision about its realization.
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GU, YANHAO. "Strategies and tactics to stimulate Social enterprise business expansion-Swedish experience." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-15931.
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Abstract Title: Strategies and tactics to stimulate Social enterprise business expansion-Swedish experience Level: Final assignment for Master’s Degree in Business Administration Author: GU Yanhao Supervisor: Maria Fregidou-Malama Examiner: Lars Ekstrand Date: 2013-10-17 Aim: This study aims to identify elements which can affect social enterprise business expansion. Based on study, suggestions for social enterprises to achieve long term development are exhibited. Method: This research is a qualitative research based on case study. Relay on previous knowledge about social enterprises, I formulate questions which serve my study’s aim. There are three companies be selected in my case company list. Those three companies are divided in two categories: one type is social enterprise consultant company whose mission is to aid regional social enterprise to make health business operation; another type is social enterprise. There are four interview used in the research to ensure that the research result contains different perspectives and opinions. Result & Conclusions: This study depicts an overall view about social enterprise business expansion. Certain suggestions have been listed relay on the combination of previous literature result with case studies. In the study, various elements have been determined which have significant impacts on social enterprise business expansion operation. They are divided in two segments, internal and external. Internal aspects include human resource and social entrepreneur. External factors include third Part Company, non-profit charity groups and authority. Social enterprise who wants business expansion needs to integrate different resources from various social institutions. Meanwhile to enhance internal product capability as well as competitive advantage social enterprise needs to more emphasize on social entrepreneurs’ characteristics. Suggestion for further research: Further study should emphasize on various sizes of social enterprises in multi-stakeholders co-operation model. This study mainly focuses on SMEs type of SE, but with the time passing by, due to SE can offer solutions to social crisis and economic crisis, SE will be popular, and this idea will spread quickly. Therefore, more and more large size SE will emerge which needs guide and help with business maintaining and expansion plans. Contribution of the thesis: This study contributes to three aspects. First, this study analyses the present situation of social enterprise, exhibit internal and external factors which affect social enterprise to make business expansion. It offers social enterprise a path to implement business expansion, and help social enterprise to identify its potential capabilities which could help them achieve long term development. Secondly, during this work, author explains the ideology of social enterprise, what are its contributions to society as well as the reason why it exists. Since the results offer an explicitly structured conclusion, they are valuable information to society as well as local municipality to re-considerate the important role social enterprise can play. Last not the least, this research presents a new model of key elements for social enterprise business expansion. It is critical and crucial for further research in academic study.
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Arnold, Dennis Lae Dilokvidhyrat. "Capital expansion and migrant workers : flexible labor in the Thai-Burma border economy /." Abstract, 2006. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2549/cd390/4637830.pdf.
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Bernhardsson, Bianca, Max Klamkin, and Albin Lindsjö. "The Swedish path to retail expansion : a multiple case study of swedish retailers." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-86292.
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The purpose of this thesis is to study Swedish retailers in order to find out which factors are the most crucial and influencing when it comes to international market selection. We as authors could find studies about international market selection, but not a single one regarding why Swedish MNEs choose to enter certain markets. We as authors therefore see a need for a better understanding of which factors have the greatest influence over market selection. The literature review that has been established in this study includes theories related to behavioristics, economics, risk and entry modes. By using an abductive approach and interviewing both large firms like H&M and IKEA, as well as smaller companies like Clas Ohlson and Happy Socks, our results shows that the important factors differ depending on the company size. The analysis chapter also involves a discussion of the different entry modes of the four firms and how they could come to affect the internationalization process. This qualitative multi case research will serve as a foundation for firms aiming for international expansion and for people who wish to educate themselves further on how Swedish firms internationalize and why. It will also generate new research questions for future researchers to study whilst informing them of why this particular research gap is important to fill.
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Barrail, Halley Zulma. "Expansion of the Middle Class, Consumer Credit Markets and Volatility in Emerging Countries:." Thesis, Boston College, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107373.
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Thesis advisor: Peter IrelandThe literature on real business cycles finds that one reason why emerging economies are more volatile than developed small open economies is that they face greater financial frictions. Indeed, according to several measures of financial depth and access, financial systems in emerging countries are on average less developed than those in developed small open economies. Despite the lag in financial development, private credit, particularly unsecured credit to households, has been steadily increasing during the last two decades in emerging countries in Latin America. During this period of rising credit, various countries in the region observed an increase in the size of their middle income class population and the emergence of the vendor financing channel in their consumption credit market. Estimates by the World Bank suggest that the share of middle class households increased from 20.9 % in 1995 to 40.7 % in 2010. In addition, the share of poor households was approximately halved and reached 23.4 % at the end of this 15 year period. This phenomenon not only increased credit demand but also motivated the entry of new suppliers in the consumer credit market in countries like Mexico, Colombia, Chile and Brazil. In spite of a significant decline in unemployment in recent years, the lack of formal employment and poor credit history were still impeding many individuals from gaining access to consumer finance from traditional financial institutions. In order to enable new middle class shoppers access items typically offered by large retail stores, the retailers themselves started offering credit. In this dissertation, I study the relationship between middle class size, unsecured credit markets and aggregate consumption volatility in emerging countries. In the first chapter of this thesis, we examine the link between middle class size and consumption growth volatility using a sample of middle income countries. In the second chapter, we study the effect of an expansion of the middle class on vendor financing incentives and unsecured credit supply on its extensive margin. In the third chapter, I study business cycle implications of a reduction in the share of financially excluded households in an emerging economy. In the first chapter, I empirically examine the effect of middle income class size on consumption growth volatility in emerging countries. Using a panel data of middle income countries, I find that a larger middle class size tends to increase aggregate consumption growth volatility, particularly at lower levels of financial system depth. Financial development plays a significant role in determining the sign of the marginal effect of middle class size on aggregate volatility. Unlike emerging countries, the effect of the size of the middle class and the role of financial development on consumption volatility in developed countries is ambiguous. The key message of this analysis is that as more households escape poverty thresholds and reach the middle income class status in developing and emerging economies, it becomes more important to deepen financial systems from the perspective of aggregate consumption volatility. In the second chapter, I explore through the lens of a theoretical model, potential reasons triggering an increase in credit supplied by the non traditional financial sector, i.e vendors, at the extensive margin. I find that a reduction in the average risk of default and an increase in the market size of credit customers raise vendor financing incentives. This model rationalizes the observation that the improvement of economic conditions of the low-income and financially constrained households potentially led to increased credit supply by vendors in several countries of Latin America. In the third chapter, I study business cycle implications of a decline in household financial exclusion in a dynamic general equilibrium model suitable for emerging economies. Using Mexico as a case study, I estimate the model with Bayesian methods for the period 1995 to 2014. Standard measures of predictive accuracy suggest that the extended business cycle model with limited credit market participation outperforms a model with zero financial exclusion. The results of the estimation suggest that a rise in credit market participation in an emerging economy increases aggregate volatility of key macroeconomic aggregates, and that financial frictions play a key role in this relationship. I confirm this prediction by re-estimating the model for Mexico after splitting the sample into two non- overlapping decades. A key implication derived in this chapter is that a reduction of financial exclusion within an emerging country may lead to higher consumption growth volatility and trade balance volatility, and that fewer financial frictions dampen the marginal effect. As household financial access increases in these countries, a greater need for improving broad financial development measures arises
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Huang, Chin-Yi, and 黃靖苡. "FOREIGN MARKET EXPANSION STRATEGY OF JAPAN AV INDUSTRYTHE EXAMPLE OF TAIWAN." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7s6uk4.
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碩士元智大學
管理碩士在職專班
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As of October 2006, according to constitutional law No. 617, Taiwan deems that Adult publications and content are to be divided into two categories: “hard-core” and “soft-core”. The latter category is protected by Taiwanese law. Demand in the Adult Video market domestically had begun experiencing an upward boom over the last few years and is considered a profitable market. As such, regulating the copyright of content is of utmost importance. Moreover, JAV (Japanese Adult Video) content has traditionally been held in high regard within the Taiwanese AV industry. In May 2011, Japan’s leading Adult Video Production Group, Beidu Group, brought together 210 film distributors and established the Intellectual Property Promotion Association (IPPA) to serve as a single point of contact to counter piracy. Likewise, simultaneously entering the Taiwanese market to tackle the same issue domestically through mass scale litigation in violation of copyrights. This thesis applies litigation strategy implemented in the Japanese AV industry to form the basis of the initial strategic step to combating violation of copyrights in the Taiwanese AV DVD market. Furthermore, it will also discuss establishing collaboration and building dialogue amongst local companies to jointly confront and overcome external challenges faced within the industry. Firstly, a case study featuring multiple in-depth interviews will be discussed to illustrate the current status quo of the Taiwanese AV DVD market conditions. Subsequently, it will examine and provide an analysis whether harnessing litigation strategies utilized in the JAV industry for the Taiwanese AV DVD market is a viable and robust market entry strategy. To conclude, this thesis will provide closing commentary on the forthcoming outlook of the local industry, whilst present feasible recommendations toward the future state of the Taiwanese AV DVD market.
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Li, Chun-Fang, and 李春芳. "The study of foreign market expansion strategy for Convenience Store : an example of investment in Vietnam." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51172272931909982652.
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碩士銘傳大學
管理學院高階經理碩士學程
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Under the current of economic globalization, it is an inevitable trend that enterprises expand abroad, and it is ration development way that enterprises expand the market abroad in way succeeding in the native country, but it needs a practice to verify if the business model can reach the effect expected. This is the study of when Taiwan President Chain Store Corp (PCSC) encountering relevant problems and adjustment of business model to operate the convenience stores in Vietnam. Its main research direction is to study during the process of probing into supermarket field, including relevant problems, technical transformation issues, how to manage and review the transnational technological difficulties, and further support; also, to continue the understanding of adjusting into more suitable strategy for the operation. During the study, it is found that Vietnam is a potential market for supermarket with solid customer needs. However, a good business model is needed in order to carry the fruitful outcome. On the other hand, having differences in language & culture, plus its law and decree is not yet well established. It is difficult for the industry of foreign country to survive on the market. PCSC is making both tasks of transiting into new industry (from convenient store into supermarket) and new country (from Taiwan into Vietnam), via operation and try to find out the adjustment, so that to be survived and developed further. This research is done by getting information and interviews of the case company locally in Vietnam, understand the overview of the investment environment and management of the supermarket of Vietnam. At the same time, how the company with faced problems and overcome different issues. Furthermore, adjustment of strategy should be made accordingly in Vietnamese investment.
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Fernandes, Catarina Fonseca. "Competitiveness and internationalization of a Portuguese SME in the cheese market - entry strategy and business model development to foreign target markets." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/123296.
Full textAbstract:
S4, an experienced Portuguese cheese company leader in the domestic fresh segment, aims to expand and consolidate its business internationally. By screening several countries based on macro and industry-specific indicators and conducting an in-depth analysis of the four most promising ones, United States and Germany resulted to be the most attractive markets for S4’s internationalization. Following, the most suitable entry mode was defined as well as the ideal business model and marketing plan to effectively run a business in both countries. Financial projections and risk evaluations were performed to assess the viability of the proposed international plan.
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JANDOŠOVÁ, Petra. "Vstup franchisingového řetězce na zahraniční trh." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-50474.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis is to determine possibilities and conditions for extending the concept of franchising in the foregn market and develop a project of establishment of the chain process in the selected country. For the practical part I addressed Czech franchising chain. First, I analyzed the conditions for its extension chain and then I analyzed the conditions for entry to the selected country. In the last part I elaborated a project proposal for the entry of franchising chain Švejk restaurant to the Slovak republic.
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張圭然. "The impact of intll market environmental change on korean appliance industry's foreing direct investment." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39130922916042679817.
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Millgate, Charles Edouard. "Acoustica's international expansion: The French market." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/21553.
Full textAbstract:
This project consists of a market study. It holds as aim to identify if the selected country will be
receptive to a foreign sound insulation offer.
The opening section will be dedicated to discovering how badly France is affected by noise. General
data will prove the seriousness of the issue in different environments. The global impact on the
French population’ health, at their workspace and in transport.
The following section will be an in-depth analysis of the internal aspects of the company. Thus,
giving a wide spectre of their current business situation and their ability to take on such a project.
Succeeding in the same section will be a market observation. Enabling the identification of France’s
market potential and highlighting the local competition.
Afterward will be the practical development plan, consisting of different export scenarios as well as
key contacts to put forward the project.
Ultimately, will be the recommendations and porter five forces. These two sections will provide a
conclusive aspect to the project and help summarise if the company receives a green or red light for
their exportation.Este projeto consiste em um estudo de mercado. Tem por objetivo identificar se o país selecionado será receptivo a uma oferta estrangeira de isolamento acústico. A seção de abertura será dedicada a descobrir como a França é afetada pelo ruído. Dados gerais comprovarão a gravidade do problema em diferentes ambientes. O impacto global na saúde da população francesa, em seu local de trabalho e nos transportes. A seção seguinte fará uma análise aprofundada dos aspectos internos da empresa. Assim, dando um amplo espectro de sua situação atual de negócios e sua capacidade de assumir tal projeto. O sucesso na mesma seção será uma observação do mercado. Permitindo a identificação do potencial de mercado da França e destacando a concorrência local. Posteriormente, estará o plano de desenvolvimento prático, consistindo em diferentes cenários de exportação, bem como os principais contatos para apresentar o projeto. Em última análise, serão as recomendações e cinco forças porter. Essas duas seções fornecerão um aspecto conclusivo do projeto e ajudarão a resumir se a empresa recebe sinal verde ou vermelho para sua exportação.