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Corry, Leo. "Linearity and Reflexivity in the Growth of Mathematical Knowledge." Science in Context 3, no. 2 (1989): 409–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889700000880.
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The ArgumentRecent studies in the philosophy of mathematics have increasingly stressed the social and historical dimensions of mathematical practice. Although this new emphasis has fathered interesting new perspectives, it has also blurred the distinction between mathematics and other scientific fields. This distinction can be clarified by examining the special interaction of the body and images of mathematics.Mathematics has an objective, ever-expanding hard core, the growth of which is conditioned by socially and historically determined images of mathematics. Mathematics also has reflexive capacities unlike those of any other exact science. In no other exact science can the standard methodological framework used within the discipline also be used to study the nature of the discipline itself.Although it has always been present in mathematical research, reflexive thinking has become increasingly central to mathematics over the past century. Many of the images of the discipline have been dictated by the increase in reflexive thinking which has also determined a great portion of the contemporary philosophy and historiography of mathematics.
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Chen, Xiaohong, Jincheng Zhou, Jinqiu Wang, Dan Wang, Jiu Liu, Dingpu Shi, Duo Yang, and Qingna Pan. "Visualizing Status, Hotspots, and Future Trends in Mathematical Literacy Research via Knowledge Graph." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (October 25, 2022): 13842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142113842.
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The goal of education for sustainable development is to prepare future citizens to make informed decisions and take responsible action to solve problems. The purpose of mathematical literacy is to ensure that all learners develop an understanding of mathematics, and how to relate mathematics to the world and use mathematical knowledge to make valuable decisions in their lives, work, and society. It can be seen that the purpose of mathematical literacy coincides with the goal of education for sustainable development. In addition, math literacy is closely related to self-regulated learning (SRL), which is the key to meaningful learning and sustainable development. In educational research, it is an essential task to cultivate learners’ mathematical literacy and promote their sustainable development. With the rapid growth of emerging technologies, the emergence of big data has brought numerous challenges to various research fields. In the age of big data, educational research that can identify research perspectives and hotspots and summarize research evolution rules from a large body of literature can assist us in deepening subsequent analysis. As a result, in this study, we used CiteSpace and HistCite knowledge map visualization and exploration technology to examine mathematical literacy research trends, major research countries and regions, major research institutions, significant researchers, highly cited papers, research hotspots, and evolution trends on a global scale. Through this study, we found that the earliest literature on mathematical literacy appeared in 1957, and the research on mathematical literacy can be divided into three germination stages (1957–2001), a slow development stage (2001–2011), and a prosperous development stage (2011–2022). Most studies come from developed countries such as the US, the UK, Germany, and Australia. The Universities of Utrecht and Purdue University were the most published institutions, and scholars at Purpura published the most articles. The research object of highly cited literature is mainly children, and the research is primarily carried out through the measurement of students’ mathematical ability and achievement and the analysis of related influencing factors, which provides a direction for how to improve students’ mathematical literacy. The research on mathematical literacy mainly includes four research hotspots: working memory and mathematical literacy; brain science and mathematical literacy; mathematical achievement and mathematical literacy; and the generation strategy of mathematical literacy. The research field of mathematics literacy mainly includes working memory, parietal cortex, math performance, mathematics education, early childhood, parental belief, fractions, cognitive development, and student learning. There are 10 clusters. Different clusters have different evolutionary trends. With the evolution of time, working memory, mathematical education, fractions, and precinct beliefs clustered, gradually expanding from the concentrated research direction to the subdivision field. The clusters of parietal cortex, math performance, early childhood, cognitive development, and students do not show large keyword nodes during the research period. With time, it has gradually expanded from the centralized research direction to the subdivision field. The parietal cortex, math performance, early childhood, cognitive development, and students clusters did not show large keyword nodes during the whole study period.
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DYER, JOSEPH. "The Place of Musica in Medieval Classifications of Knowledge." Journal of Musicology 24, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 3–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jm.2007.24.1.3.
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ABSTRACT Medieval classifications of knowledge (divisiones scientiarum) were created to impose order on the ever-expanding breadth of human knowledge and to demonstrate the interconnectedness of its several parts. In the earlier Middle Ages the trivium and the quadrivium had sufficed to circumscribe the bounds of secular learning, but the eventual availability of the entire Aristotelian corpus stimulated a reevaluation of the scope of human knowledge. Classifications emanating from the School of Chartres (the Didascalicon of Hugh of St. Victor and the anonymous Tractatus quidam) did not venture far beyond Boethius, Cassiodorus, and Isidore of Seville. Dominic Gundissalinus (fl. 1144––64), a Spaniard who based parts of his elaborate analysis of music on Al-Fāārāābīī, attempted to balance theory and practice, in contradistinction to the earlier mathematical emphasis. Aristotle had rejected musica mundana, and his natural science left little room for a musica humana based on numerical proportion. Consequently, both had to be reinterpreted. Robert Kilwardby's De ortu scientiarum (ca. 1250) sought to integrate the traditional Boethian treatment of musica with an Aristotelian perspective. Responding to the empirical emphasis of Aristotle's philosophy, Kilwardby focused on music as audible phenomenon as opposed to Platonic ““sounding number.”” Medieval philosophers were reluctant to assign (audible) music to natural science or to place it among the scientie mechanice. One solution argued that music, though a separate subiectum suitable for philosophical investigation, was subalternated to arithmetic. Although drawing its explanations from that discipline, it nevertheless had its own set of ““rules”” governing its proper activity. Thomas Aquinas proposed to resolve the conflict between the physicality of musical sound and abstract mathematics through the theory of scientie medie. These stood halfway between speculative and natural science, taking their material objects from physical phenomena but their formal object from mathematics. Still, Thomas defended the superiority of the speculative tradition by asserting that scientie medie ““have a closer affinity to mathematics”” (magis sunt affines mathematicis) than to natural science.
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Ikeda, Toshikazu. "Development research of arithmetic and mathematics curriculum incorporating revolutionary and cumulative knowledge growth." Impact 2022, no. 5 (October 13, 2022): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2022.5.20.
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The continuous development of education is important in order to ensure it keeps growing and improving. Professor Toshikazu Ikeda, College of Education, Yokohama National University, Japan, is a Professor of Mathematics who is a proponent of revolutionary knowledge growth through overturning, expanding, and integrating acquired knowledge and skills. This is about progression through bridging the gap between a knowledge goal and the existing knowledge base through developing techniques and pathways to that goal. Ikeda believes that by inserting revolutionary knowledge growth into the mathematics curriculum in Japan, children can be encouraged towards more independent and problem solving based thinking. He has performed an analysis of current teaching materials which involved examining local teaching materials in a specific area, using lessons to analyse and evaluate those materials and looking at long-term global teaching materials that give a deeper examination of specific topics, focusing on how and where it can be used and how students react to the content. In his work, Ikeda uses modelling as a problem solving tool and to develop techniques to deepen learning and lead to revolutionary knowledge growth. Ikeda is collaborating with Professor Max Stephens, Melbourne University, to produce lectures centred on revolutionary growth knowledge for students at teacher training colleges. A key part of Ikedaâ–™s work is teaching mathematical modelling in order to help students understand the importance of mathematics and develop their abilities.
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Gomez-Cabrero, David, Albert Compte, and Jesper Tegner. "Workflow for generating competing hypothesis from models with parameter uncertainty." Interface Focus 1, no. 3 (March 30, 2011): 438–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2011.0015.
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Mathematical models are increasingly used in life sciences. However, contrary to other disciplines, biological models are typically over-parametrized and loosely constrained by scarce experimental data and prior knowledge. Recent efforts on analysis of complex models have focused on isolated aspects without considering an integrated approach—ranging from model building to derivation of predictive experiments and refutation or validation of robust model behaviours. Here, we develop such an integrative workflow, a sequence of actions expanding upon current efforts with the purpose of setting the stage for a methodology facilitating an extraction of core behaviours and competing mechanistic hypothesis residing within underdetermined models. To this end, we make use of optimization search algorithms, statistical (machine-learning) classification techniques and cluster-based analysis of the state variables' dynamics and their corresponding parameter sets. We apply the workflow to a mathematical model of fat accumulation in the arterial wall (atherogenesis), a complex phenomena with limited quantitative understanding, thus leading to a model plagued with inherent uncertainty. We find that the mathematical atherogenesis model can still be understood in terms of a few key behaviours despite the large number of parameters. This result enabled us to derive distinct mechanistic predictions from the model despite the lack of confidence in the model parameters. We conclude that building integrative workflows enable investigators to embrace modelling of complex biological processes despite uncertainty in parameters.
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KHODAKOVSKA, Olena, and Svitlana USTYCHENKO. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICAL CULTURE OF STUDENTS AS A COMPONENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE." Cherkasy University Bulletin: Pedagogical Sciences, no. 2 (2020): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31651/2524-2660-2020-2-131-136.
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Introduction. In recent years, teachers of most technical and natural sciences faculties find the level of freshmen starting a course of higher mathematics insuf-ficient to comprehend the basics of logical constructions. It is difficult for students to clearly realize that, for example, they should learn to prove a statement as a theorem or give a counter-example; in mathematics there are such terms as necessary and sufficient conditions, cause and effect; the system of equations and their totality are dif-ferent things; the properties of mathematical objects are subject of study; solving inequalities or equations requires understanding but not mechanical memorization. All these semantic subtleties make up the concept of mathematical culture based on clear logic reasoning and conclusion. Logical thinking is required in most activities, from business to programming. The relevance of the research is caused by the neces-sity to create a new educational environment free from such negative facts that some students have a low level of mathematical knowledge, skills and abilities; they are enable to independently acquire new mathematical knowledge and skills; their experience in mathematical, communicative and cognitive activity, necessary for a successful future career, is insufficient. International and Ukrainian scientists in the field of pedagogy and psychology diversely studied the problems of intellectual development and mathematical culture of students. (Jean Piaget , Jerome Seymour BrunerLev Vygotsky, Yuriy Hilbukh, Leonid Zankov, Vasilii Davydov, Daniil Elkonin, G.S. Kostiuk, Z.I. Kalmykova, N.O. Menchynska, S. L.Rubinstein, V.F. Palamarchuk, N.F.Talysina etc).The purpose of the articleis to generalize the pedagog-ical essence of mathematical culture, determine the place and role of mathematical education in the formation of students' mathematical culture, study pedagogical pre-requisites and specific technologies of its formation while teaching mathematics and determine conditions for crea-tion of the culture of mathematical language. The methods of analysis, comparison, explication, ab-straction are used in the study. Results. The development of mathematical culture of students involves a number of stages: formation of the student as a subject of educational mathematical activity; awareness of the mathematical education value; creating a holistic view of mathematical activity of the student; understanding mathematical learning materials; reflection of the general structure of mathematical activity in the educational activity; mathematical language acquisition, ability to correctly express and explain operations, ability to use mathematical signs and symbols; gaining under-standing of mathematical modeling as a mathematical method of reality cognition; mastering the system of mathematical concepts, general methods of operations; intellectual and spiritual development of students, includ-ing the development of mathematical thinking, meeting the requirements of modern information society, the develop-ment of children's motivation, creativity, research skills. The culture of mathematical language can only devel-op if the student has a sufficiently strong scientific base that allows him not to concentrate on thinking about the scientific accuracy of a story but to focus on how to speak. Originality. The Internet provides lots of opportunities to develop mathematical culture and present information of different nature: 1) mathematical information for com-pulsory learning i.e. comprehensible knowledge, filled with personal meaning should become a student's acqui-sition; 2) mathematical information for expanding ideas about the subject i.e. elements of logic, combinatorics, probability theory; 3) background information plays an important role in acquiring information, realizing its value, and creating the interest and need to study mathematics.Conclusions. The level of mathematical culture of stu-dents significantly increases under condition of taking nto account the leading ideas of modern international and Ukrainian psychological and pedagogical science about intellectual development of the personality; theoreti-cal substantiation of the content of students' mathemati-cal culture; working out a science-based approach to the technology of development of mathematical qualities of the personality when studying mathematics. In order to improve the culture of mathematical lan-guage, it is necessary to increase the classroom time for the development of oral language skills; allocate 10-15 minutes for oral questioning at every lesson; organize home test papers with an oral performance report in the form of an interview; conduct credit tests orally. Such forms of work contribute to the development of students' mathematical language
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Ramiz Abdinov, Vidadi Akhundov, Ramiz Abdinov, Vidadi Akhundov. "METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF INNOVATIONS ON THE PRODUCTION OF THE REGION'S FINAL PRODUCTS." PIRETC-Proceeding of The International Research Education & Training Centre 21, no. 04 (November 9, 2022): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/piretc21042022-33.
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The article developed an algorithm for calculating the coefficient of the impact of innovations on the growth rate of the final product. This mathematical apparatus is a tool for adequate adjustment of the economic system, taking into account the potential of its innovative development. Next, the problem of predicting the regional final product is solved using the Cobb-Douglas(innovation) model. In the calculations, the values of the parameters are determined by the Gradient method. The result obtained indicates the adequacy of the approach used. In addition, the assumptions and hypotheses put forward in the study create prerequisites for further expanding the amount of knowledge in the field of studying the innovative impact on the economy. The practical significance of the proposed models of innovative development of economic systems lies in the emergence of new opportunities for building the innovation policy of the state. Keywords: innovation activity, fuzzy model, Gradient method, innovation index
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Turovets, Yu M. "On the question of the methodology of research of administrative services in the field of construction." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 2 (July 24, 2022): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2022.02.38.
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The article identifies some aspects of the methodology of research of administrative services in the field of construction. The author points out the importance of applying in the practice of scientific knowledge the correct and complete arsenal of research methods and tools, which directly affects its comprehensiveness and quality, correctness of results.
The author points out the position that having its own tasks, content and internal organization, the theory of administrative services in the field of construction is aimed at expanding, deepening, refining, systematizing, and improving the reliability of scientific data.
The author defines the method of research of administrative services in the field of construction as rules or prescriptions of purposeful theoretical or practical activity within administrative services in the field of construction, as well as knowledge of rational methods, techniques, operations, procedures for their implementation.
The author defends the position, the methodology must be determined through the doctrine of the method and study of the system of such methods, and we believe that the most important interpretation of the methodology of research of administrative services in construction is that it is a system of methods, approaches, methods of administrative science. rights during the implementation of research on administrative services in the field of construction.
Within the study, the author points out the existence of methods-operations (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, etc.), which are mainly technology of working with scientific material, which should be distinguished from complex methods such as dialectics, synergetic, which are inherent in all sciences and effective within each with it. At the same time, private methods are used in jurisprudence: historical, concrete-sociological, psychological, mathematical, statistical methods and other methods. The author also proves the important role of the comparative law method.
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McKiernan, Erin C., and Diano F. Marrone. "CA1 pyramidal cells have diverse biophysical properties, affected by development, experience, and aging." PeerJ 5 (September 19, 2017): e3836. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3836.
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Neuron types (e.g., pyramidal cells) within one area of the brain are often considered homogeneous, despite variability in their biophysical properties. Here we review literature demonstrating variability in the electrical activity of CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells (PCs), including responses to somatic current injection, synaptic stimulation, and spontaneous network-related activity. In addition, we describe how responses of CA1 PCs vary with development, experience, and aging, and some of the underlying ionic currents responsible. Finally, we suggest directions that may be the most impactful in expanding this knowledge, including the use of text and data mining to systematically study cellular heterogeneity in more depth; dynamical systems theory to understand and potentially classify neuron firing patterns; and mathematical modeling to study the interaction between cellular properties and network output. Our goals are to provide a synthesis of the literature for experimentalists studying CA1 PCs, to give theorists an idea of the rich diversity of behaviors models may need to reproduce to accurately represent these cells, and to provide suggestions for future research.
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MOTCH, CHRISTIAN. "The XMM-NEWTON VIEW ON NEUTRON STARS AND BLACK HOLES." International Journal of Modern Physics D 13, no. 07 (August 2004): 1229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271804005365.
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The improved sensitivity of the XMM-Newton satellite is quickly expanding our knowledge of X-ray emission mechanisms and physical conditions in and around compact objects. Thanks to the large collecting power and high energy resolution of the EPIC and RGS instruments, detailed X-ray spectral analysis can be performed in the 0.2 to 12 keV energy range. In this short review, I highlight the most significant results obtained by XMM-Newton on neutron stars both isolated and in binary systems and on accreting stellar mass black holes.
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Ching, Hugh, Chien Yi Lee, Mahadi Hasan, and Benjamin Li. "Culture Level Quotient." Journal of Research in Philosophy and History 4, no. 2 (March 16, 2021): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jrph.v4n2p1.
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The world is changing for the purpose of progress. It is important for a person, a people or a nation to know the direction and the desirability of the change. A comparison of different cultures and knowledge advancements around the world and cultures throughout history provides some guideline for the change. From the perspective of the knowledge advancement of the historical past and the post-scientific vision of knowledge of the expected future, the concept of culture can serve as an overall measure of the quality of a person, a people or a nation. One’s beliefs can provide indications to one’s cultural level. The knowledge vision of post-science fuzzy logic extends 4,000 years into the future and can serve as a guide to the cultural development of the future. 2,000 years ago, morality culminated in religion, which dominated human culture in the West for over a millennium and was taken over by science in the past 500 years. Rigorous training in mathematics is needed in the next 500 years for social science, which involves the infinite future and is, therefore, not subject to empirical verification, for the infinite future will never arrive. The acceptance of solutions in social science depends on complete mathematical rigor. Rigorous training in logic is needed in the next 1,000 years for the unlimited complexity in life science, which deals with the creation of permanent entities, such as DNA, and whose solutions are accepted based on complete logic. The Age of Robotics will occupy the next 1,000 years, when robots will be intelligent machines with the capability of interact safely with uncontrolled environments. The Age of Self-Creation from 4,000 AD to 5,000 AD will reveal from the design specification of mankind’s self-creation the meaning of life and the purpose of existence. Post-Science Fuzzy Logic will occupy from 5,000 AD to 6,000 AD and will sacrifice precision in the process of expanding the range of tolerance of a creation in order for the creation to survive and flourish for all the possibilities of an uncertain future. The total of 6,000 years of recorded history to 6,000 AD will enable mankind to establish a new religion based on knowledge, replacing the supernatural beliefs of the current religion. In 4,000 years, a new Religion of Knowledge will completely replace current traditional Religion of Faith, but as soon as the Religion of Knowledge is established, leading thinkers of society will start to criticize it, as the Religion of Faith is criticized by the current not-yet-mature Religion of Science. Post-science speculates that human knowledge in the Religion of Knowledge might be replaced, say, by alien technology, when aliens find human cultural level high enough to communicate. Post-science also includes practical innovations on Intergalactic Communication based on the newly invented I Ching Numeral and completely automated Universal Permanent Software. Post-science is knowledge beyond science, one of the immediate goals of Culture Level Quotient is to restore philosophy back to its rightful place, on the center stage of knowledge, which is now occupied by science, which lacks the consideration of value and the understanding of the permanent nature of the living system.
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Ruzmetov, Botirjon Khayitbayevich. "Protection of Human Rights in the Criminal Procedure Legislation of the Republic Of Uzbekistan and Improved Reforms Taking Into Account Foreign Experience." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 1102–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.860.
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In this article author had searched the questions devoted the protection of human rights in the criminal procedure legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan and comparing with the legislation and worldwide experience of the foreign states.The article reveals the ongoing liberalization of the criminal law policy in the Republic of Uzbekistan, which is aimed at expanding human and fair norms, strengthening the protection of the rights, legitimate interests of a person andsociety. Against this background, the significance of investigative actions and the theory of evidence in the country's criminal procedural legislation is being revised.
The development of science and technology leads to the improvement of methods of committing crimes using computer technology, taking into account which the timely disclosure and effective investigation of socially dangerous acts requires extensive use of mathematical tools and computer technologies.In this regard, changes are taking place in the investigative practice aimed at increasing knowledge in the field of computer technologies among law enforcement officials and increasing the responsibility of the personal of the investigative and judicial authorities in the implementation of their activities.The author emphasizes that despite significant restrictions on the rights and legitimate interests of a person in the conduct of investigative actions, all of them are necessary for obtaining sufficient evidence to expose the guilt of the offender, in the manner prescribed by law.Compliance by investigators, prosecutors and judges of all criminal procedural requirements established by the legislation of the country is a key requirement for the recognition of evidence as lawful and sufficient for a fair sentence.It should be noted that the article highlights that, since 1994, the Criminal Procedure Code of Uzbekistan enshrines the right to defense by involving a lawyer in the case from the moment a person is detained on suspicion of committing a crime, as well as the principle of equality of arms in criminal proceedings. An addition to the liberalization of legislation is the fact that now the courts are freed from such unusual functions as the execution of court decisions.In addition, the article expands on the author's proposals for improving the legislation of Uzbekistan, as well as expanding the power of lawyers, especially in the conduct of investigative actions, aimed at expanding the process of liberalization of criminal law in the country and improving the situation with the protection of human rights in the investigation of criminal cases.
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Tovkanets, Anna. "COMPETENCE-BASED APPROACH IN THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING AS A TREND OF MODERN EUROPEAN EDUCATION." Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod University. Series: «Pedagogy. Social Work», no. 1(50) (May 31, 2022): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2524-0609.2022.50.281-284.
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The article substantiates the conditions and tasks for the implementation of the competence-based approach in the vocational training in the European educational space. Methods of scientific research applied: analysis of scientific literature and documentary sources − to determine the scientific and theoretical basis of the competency approach as a trend; theoretical generalization, systematization of research − to justify the conditions for the implementation of the competence approach in educational activities; grouping − to structure the reasons for the need to modernize education; prognostic − to identify pedagogical conditions for the development of key competencies. The main provisions of European level documents on the skills and key competencies of a competitive specialist for the modern labor market are identified. The key competencies characterized include: creativity, communication, critical thinking, curiosity, metacognition; digital literacy, IT skills, technology skills; basic reading, media, information, financial, scientific, mathematical literacy; intercultural communication skills, leadership skills, global awareness; initiative, independence, perseverance, responsibility, adaptability; subject knowledge, engineering and innovative thinking and understanding of natural sciences. It is revealed that the reform of European education is aimed at the systematic transformation of pedagogical practices and assessment of learning outcomes, the structuring of disciplinary knowledge and ensuring the sustainability of the core curriculum, providing opportunities for flexible operational adjustments against a changing world. The general directions of realization of tasks of the competence approach are defined: development of programs of preparation of applicants for work, education, life after graduation based on the formation of professional and "general" skills, abilities to apply knowledge; purposeful development of educational initiatives: expanding opportunities for internships, practical training in projects and gaining experience in local associations and communities; acquisition of skills of independent work with digital resources; providing entrepreneurial opportunities in formal and non-formal education; ensuring digital literacy; extensive use of blended learning technology, consideration of automated learning opportunities; directing the attention of the public and managers to the development and maintenance of communication and cooperation skills; in-depth analysis of data on the success of students in the social and cultural context to develop a policy of equal educational opportunities; aligning the teacher training and professional development program with the skills required by the 21st century society.
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Vizgin, Vladimir P. "Albert Einstein’s Epistemic Virtues and Vices." Epistemology & Philosophy of Science 58, no. 4 (2021): 175–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eps202158468.
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The article is based on the concepts of epistemic virtues and epistemic vices and explores A. Einstein’s contribution to the creation of fundamental physical theories, namely the special theory of relativity and general theory of relativity, as well as to the development of a unified field theory on the basis of the geometric field program, which never led to success. Among the main epistemic virtues that led Einstein to success in the construction of the special theory of relativity are the following: a unique physical intuition based on the method of thought experiment and the need for an experimental justification of space-time concepts; striving for simplicity and elegance of theory; scientific courage, rebelliousness, signifying the readiness to engage in confrontation with scientific conventional dogmas and authorities. In the creation of general theory of relativity, another intellectual virtue was added to these virtues: the belief in the heuristic power of the mathematical aspect of physics. At the same time, he had to overcome his initial underestimation of the H. Minkowski’s four-dimensional concept of space and time, which has manifested in a distinctive flexibility of thinking typical for Einstein in his early years. The creative role of Einstein’s mistakes on the way to general relativity was emphasized. These mistakes were mostly related to the difficulties of harmonizing the mathematical and physical aspects of theory, less so to epistemic vices. The ambivalence of the concept of epistemic virtues, which can be transformed into epistemic vices, is noted. This transformation happened in the second half of Einstein’s life, when he for more than thirty years unsuccessfully tried to build a unified geometric field theory and to find an alternative to quantum mechanics with their probabilistic and Copenhagen interpretation In this case, we can talk about the following epistemic vices: the revaluation of mathematical aspect and underestimation of experimentally – empirical aspect of the theory; adopting the concepts general relativity is based on (continualism, classical causality, geometric nature of fundamental interactions) as fundamental; unprecedented persistence in defending the GFP (geometrical field program), despite its failures, and a certain loss of the flexibility of thinking. A cosmological history that is associated both with the application of GTR (general theory of relativity) to the structure of the Universe, and with the missed possibility of discovering the theory of the expanding Universe is intermediate in relation to Einstein’s epistemic virtues and vices. This opportunity was realized by A.A. Friedmann, who defeated Einstein in the dispute about if the Universe was stationary or nonstationary. In this dispute some of Einstein’s vices were revealed, which Friedman did not have. The connection between epistemic virtues and the methodological principles of physics and also with the “fallibilist” concept of scientific knowledge development has been noted.
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Mykhailova, Liubov, Andrii Mykhailov, Liudmyla Korenivska, Lyudmyla Khromushyna, and Marharyta Chuprina. "Formation of strategic management of hemp cultivation in a developing country: A case of Ukraine." Problems and Perspectives in Management 19, no. 2 (April 6, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(2).2021.01.
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After a long period of decline and persecution, there is a revival and rapid development of the cannabis industry around the world: the use of this unique crop is expanding rapidly, and finally, it was transferred from a narcotic to an agricultural one (except for Ukraine). Nowadays, the Ukrainian hemp industry has practically gone unnoticed by the state, scientists, practitioners and society. At the same time, it has development prospects and can play a significant role for rural areas and the national economy. The paperis aimed at exploring the possibilities of growing hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) and justifying the need for strategic management of the development of the cannabis industry in Ukraine. Based on the analysis of hemp production, it is established that during the years of Ukraine’s independence, the area of hemp crops has decreased almost 8 times; the number of producers is limited; hemp processing plants do not function; the yield of technical hemp seeds has a slight tendency to increase andapproximates 6-7 kg/ha. The prospects for cannabis cultivation require building strategic management of the cannabis industry to address key issues and mitigate threats. The key elements of the production development strategy are identified as improving institutional and financial support at the state level. The main guidelines of strategic management of hemp cultivation are: simplification of regulation for producers; intensification of agribusiness entities; increasing production volumes; and improving the competitive environment in the hemp market. It is proved that the strategic development of the hemp industry requires developing hemp processing enterprises; disseminating knowledge among the population about the usefulness and benefits of this multi-purpose culture. To substantiate the effectiveness of strategic decisions, the algorithm was proposed for assessing the effectiveness of growing different types of hemp products by different technologies, which is carried out using economic and mathematical modeling.
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Kim, BeomSeok. "Developing Program of Mathematical Experiment Using String Art and Satisfaction for Expanding Mathematical Knowledge." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 20, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 1055–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2020.20.2.1055.
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Bennet, David. "Expanding the knowledge paradigm." VINE 36, no. 2 (April 2006): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03055720610682979.
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Dixon, Robert. "Mathematical knowledge." Design Studies 6, no. 3 (July 1985): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-694x(85)90011-0.
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Tieszen, Richard. "Phenomenology and mathematical knowledge." Synthese 75, no. 3 (June 1988): 373–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00869406.
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Finkelstein, L. "Expanding Technology, Deepening Knowledge and a Shrinking World: Reflections on Learned Societies in Measurement and Instrumentation." Measurement and Control 44, no. 9 (November 2011): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002029401104400905.
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The paper marks the fiftieth anniversary of the activity of the International Measurement Confederation (IMEKO). It uses this landmark to examine the development of measurement and instrumentation science and technology in the last five decades. It notes a technology that has grown in capability, extended its range of applications and spread globally. It examines the change in economic and political conditions and a globalised world. It critically reviews the role of learned societies. It advocates effort to promote learned society activities. It views international co-operation in such activities as the only way forward. It advocates active engagement in the work of IMEKO.
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Katz, Jack. "Ethnography’s Expanding Warrants." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 642, no. 1 (June 4, 2012): 258–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716212437342.
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Because ethnographies report what is already known in some part of society, the warrant for the method is uniquely double. Each ethnography promises both positive and negative knowledge, a contribution to understanding the social logic that organizes some area of social life and a contribution to the sociology of ignorance. Those reported in this volume illustrate seven distinct warrants that hinge on morally charged forces blocking the dissemination of knowledge about locally known social realities. In addition, running through many of the studies is a focus on an amoral warrant. Ethnographies are distinctively suited for studying the ubiquitous, naturally occurring hiding that is necessarily part of social expression, or how things are hidden in the foundations of the social world.
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Shen, Jie. "Expanding the Frontier of Global Knowledge: Introduction." Journal of Organisational Transformation & Social Change 2, no. 1 (September 2005): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jots.2.1.3/2.
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Glen, John A., and Leon J. Walker. "Knowledge engineering in an undergraduate mathematical sciences laboratory." International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology 16, no. 3 (May 1985): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0020739850160304.
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Miežys, Vytautas. "Intellectual need for mathematical knowledge." Lietuvos matematikos rinkinys 60 (November 12, 2019): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lmr.a.2019.14955.
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Harel’s [2] notion of intel lectual need is refined by employing Davis’ [1] findingsabout interesting propositions in social sciences. A few hypothetical examples of how thisrevised definition might aid in planning mathematics lessons which provide meaningfulnessfor the students are presented.
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Burger, Martin, Luis Caffarelli, and Peter A. Markowich. "Partial differential equation models in the socio-economic sciences." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 372, no. 2028 (November 13, 2014): 20130406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2013.0406.
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Mathematical models based on partial differential equations (PDEs) have become an integral part of quantitative analysis in most branches of science and engineering, recently expanding also towards biomedicine and socio-economic sciences. The application of PDEs in the latter is a promising field, but widely quite open and leading to a variety of novel mathematical challenges. In this introductory article of the Theme Issue, we will provide an overview of the field and its recent boosting topics. Moreover, we will put the contributions to the Theme Issue in an appropriate perspective.
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Pigola, Angélica, Eliane Martins de De Paiva, Priscila Rezende da Costa, Isabel Cristina Scafuto, and Marcos Rogério Mazieri. "Um ano de transformação e conhecimento." International Journal of Innovation 8, no. 3 (December 17, 2020): 352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/iji.v8i3.18812.
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The pandemic that transformed our lives in 2020 brought important reflections on way of seeing the world demanding new skills and behaviors to interact in an environment so common to innovation - virtual environment. In innovation processes, digital transformation that modifies, alters and creates ways of doing things, declares itself and presents itself as facilitating vehicle, also of interpersonal relationships, requiring us to learn to relate in different ways through digital world, using creativity to overcome social, institutional, political, religious, economic obstacles, among others.In science, researchers strive to understand or explain some transformational impacts and seek a perfect adaptation for transferring and exploitation of appropriate knowledge for each eminent need. However, we are still halfway there.Some relevant topics in academia also explored by IJI - International Journal Innovation, such as, innovative entrepreneurship, innovation and learning, innovation and sustainability, internationalization of innovation, innovation systems and digital transformation are now undergoing a new sieve, a new look at understanding of disruptive effects inherent to this theme on transformation and knowledge. A new window has opened in digital age, provided by new world context.In the past, a commonly observed resistance to including innovation in daily processes, and not only in organizational sphere, are now mandatory and our survival in society depends on them. So, what do we see? We can simply call it transformation, but if we broaden a perspective of events in the year 2020, we risk saying that we do live a cotransformation, that is, a rhythmic and continuous, joint and effective learning in creation of value in all global social spheres. It is no longer about transforming a process or creating a system to achieve desired performance, it is about integrating collective, learning by sharing, changing to be able to transform and, all of this, through an increasingly disruptive world.We highlight Moreira, Teixeira and Locatelli (2020) about influences of motivational goals, confirming Schwartz's (2005) theory that groups differ significantly in relative importance they attach to their values, that is, individuals and groups have priorities or axiological hierarchies different from values (Calvosa, Serra, Almeida, 2011). This understanding must support our challenges regarding how to address a co-transformation and transmission of knowledge to future generations, prioritizing care for preservation of our planet, human relations, adaptation of knowledge to current realities and, above all, ability to innovate at any time.As presented by Falaster et al. (2020) it is not for us to assign a mathematical value to life and health or to guide our research by addressing political agendas, nor to distort theory, method and argumentation to suit any situation. What should motivate us, especially in scientific research, is the understanding and strategic responses in times of crisis: our adaptation and compliance, stress with its effects on decision-making on acquisition of knowledge to co-transform and innovate. For this reason, we emphasize that we are in the middle of road because there are still notorious forces that demand permanence of more stable and static social models. Innovation takes on another level. With its disruptive character, it will continue to build future scenarios in improving performance of society's demands (Pol Ville, 2009) through process of cotransformation emphasized here.Efforts and studies aimed at innovation point to relationship networks as important channels for increasing efficiency (Pio, 2020). This is one of evidence regarding the need for a rhythmic and continuous, joint, and effective interconnection for cotransformation. We are not only pointing to innovation as a support for cotransformation, but as something inevitable in practical life of future generations.We must advance how to promote improvements that bring productivity and effectiveness to social relationships through innovation. This will facilitate our insertion in this “new normal” presented in almost all groups of society. We already know that we need to change at a fast pace, but we often get lost in timing of things, that is, the right time for change. Therefore, we must learn to work among diversity, producing new values that take our society to a new level of civility. And all of this translates into different ways of knowing and learning, transmitting, and assimilating, stretching, and making flexible.In fact, it is necessary to identify elements that determine existence of more dynamic capacities, such as, for example, set of behaviors, skills, routines, processes and mechanisms of learning and knowledge governance aimed at cotransformation. Articulation of these elements can result in varying degrees of innovation and dynamism and can manifest themselves in a more intense or more traditional way, where virtual can be more consolidated. Anyway, this is just an indication that, in a cotransformation model, all indicators are reflective (Meirelles Camargo, 2014).Innovations can lead us to co-transformation, reconfiguring activities requiring a greater evolutionary flow of existing capacities and requiring new experiences and management of these more dynamic capacities. Therefore, research must change its perspectives by establishing links between these capacities, to identify and react to innovations that are a contemporary landmark in recent history.The extent of cotransformation depends on some factors, such as perceived environmental pressure (Helfat et al., 2007) and adaptability (Madjdi Hüsig, 2011) that vary in degree, from small adaptations to major revisions or even a reconfiguration (O'Reilly Tushman, 2008). Generally, we know they are interconnected components that specify how we can survive all dynamism and disruption that exists in the world.In this context, the most important thing is not to know what will be the results of what you want, but to intensely take advantage of construction path of what you can have with appropriate use of capabilities to co-transform and innovate.We hope that in this editorial we have promoted important reflections on understanding of cotransformation, inspiring our readers about new knowledge and expanding a debate for better direction of academic and business society. The role of knowledge and transformation awakens a world of possibilities to be explored, which is why we are still halfway there.
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Donnellan, Anne M. "Invented Knowledge and Autism: Highlighting Our Strengths and Expanding the Conversation." Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps 24, no. 3 (September 1999): 230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2511/rpsd.24.3.230.
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Dehan, Harriet Stone. "A Mathematical Magic Show." Mathematics Teacher 83, no. 7 (October 1990): 515–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.83.7.0515.
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What inspires people to become artists, athletes, scientists, and possibly even mathematicians? What ignites the spark of curiosity that drives young minds to explore science and mathematics so that they can try to unravel the mysteries of the world around them? How many of us have been profoundly affected by a passage in a book, the colors in a pain or an encounter with the elegant beauty and astounding power of mathematics? These questions suggest an approach that might be helpful to young students, many of whom are simply not motivated by the applications of mathematics to everyday life. An overview of mathematics, presented in a dynamic, compelling way, can give students new reasons to persevere in their studies. Although most people are aware of the utility of mathematics and its use in the sciences, relatively few know of its role in the development of Western culture, its influence on philosophy and the arts, and that it is a continually expanding field in which new and exciting things are being done.
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Sever, Brion. "The Relationship between Minority Populations and Police Force Strength: Expanding Our Knowledge." Police Quarterly 4, no. 1 (March 2001): 28–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109861101129197743.
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McAuliffe, Donna. "Claiming and Expanding Social Work Knowledge in the International Space." Australian Social Work 74, no. 4 (September 8, 2021): 391–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0312407x.2021.1945731.
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Firmasari, Siska, Tatang Herman, and Eris Fanny Firdaus. "Rigorous Mathematical Thinking: Conceptual Knowledge and Reasoning in the Case of Mathematical Proof." Kreano, Jurnal Matematika Kreatif-Inovatif 13, no. 2 (October 27, 2022): 246–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/kreano.v13i2.34536.
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This study aims to analyze in-depth students' conceptual knowledge and reasoning when solving problems using mathematical proof as a rigorous mathematical thinking paradigm. The research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach that analyzes the mathematical proof ability of nine students who represent different cognitive functions from each level of rigorous mathematical thinking. The results showed that each level of rigorous mathematical thinking meant other indicators according to their ability to master conceptual knowledge and implement mathematical ideas through reasoning. This research has an impact on the treatment that the teacher must give in determining the learning model and evaluation instrument that can raise students' conceptual knowledge and reasoning.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara mendalam pengetahuan konseptual dan penalaran siswa ketika memecahkan masalah menggunakan pembuktian matematis sebagai paradigma berpikir matematis yang ketat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang menganalisis kemampuan pembuktian matematis sembilan siswa yang mewakili fungsi kognitif yang berbeda dari setiap tingkat pemikiran matematis yang teliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap tingkat berpikir matematis yang teliti berarti indikator lain sesuai dengan kemampuannya untuk menguasai pengetahuan konseptual dan mengimplementasikan ide-ide matematika melalui penalaran. Penelitian ini berdampak pada perlakuan yang harus diberikan guru dalam menentukan model pembelajaran dan instrumen evaluasi yang dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan konseptual dan penalaran siswa.
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Ataeva, Olga Muratovna, Vladimir Alekseevich Serebriakov, and Natalia Pavlovna Tuchkova. "Creation of Query Expansion Based on the Subject Domain Thesaurus in the Ontology of Knowledge of the Semantic Library." Russian Digital Libraries Journal 23, no. 3 (May 9, 2020): 271–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/1562-5419-2020-23-3-271-291.
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Possibilities of query expansion with subject area thesaurus are discussed. The role of the context defined by thesaurus term links is both to refine the query and to increase the size of the sample on the query. Of particular importance is the process of expanding the query for scientific subject areas where the search based on special terminology. In this case, thesauruses of subject areas must be used to minimize the occurrence of information noise. The proposed approach takes into account the application of similar terminology in various subject areas. Examples of the use of thesaurus of separate sections of equations of mathematical physics and related fields demonstrate the effectiveness of the chosen approach of research. By linking to concepts of information resources of other areas of knowledge, the extension of the information query captures search fields of remote subject areas and various types of data, texts, symbolic, audio and video archives. Research shows that expanding the query based on context semantics improves the search quality of scientific publications in digital information and increases the effectiveness of scientific interdisciplinary research.
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Distelzweig, Peter M. "The Intersection of the Mathematical and Natural Sciences: The Subordinate Sciences in Aristotle." Apeiron 46, no. 2 (April 2013): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/apeiron-2011-0008.
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Abstract Aristotle is aware of the mathematical treatment of natural phenomena constitutive of Greek astronomy, optics, harmonics, and mechanics. Here I provide an account of Aristotle’s understanding of these ‘subordinate sciences’, drawing on both his methodological discussions and his optical treatment of the rainbow in Meteorology III 5. This account sheds light on the de Caelo, in which Aristotle undertakes a natural investigation of the heavens distinct from, but closely related to, astronomical (thus mathematical) investigations. Although Aristotle insists that such subordinate sciences belong to mathematical and not natural science, he sees them as essential to complete scientific knowledge of the sensible world.
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Krysovatyy, Andriy, Roman Zvarych, Iryna Zvarych, Ihor Krysovatyy, and Kateryna Krysovata. "Methodological architectonics of inclusive circular economy for eco-security of society under pandemic." Economic Annals-ХХI 184, no. 7-8 (September 10, 2020): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21003/ea.v184-01.
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The transition from a linear to a circular economy is determined by the change in the positioning of global risks from year to year, which determines the vectors of such changes. Thus, the main risks for 2020 are those related to the environment and occupying the first positions in the rating for the last three years (in particular, in 2019, the risk of extreme weather events). The gradual increase in awareness of this risk has led to a change in the sentiment of both producers and consumers. Experts assessed climate change as a major risk in 2019, outpacing cyberattacks, financial instability and terrorism. Thus, to mitigate this risk in 2020 and future periods, the global business community should implement circular «designs», reducing resource use and prioritizing low carbon materials. The potential effects of the transition to a circular economy on greenhouse gas emissions are significant, mainly achieved by improving resource efficiency, increasing the useful life of buildings and assets, increasing recycling and reuse, and completely reducing primary raw material use. Thus, the circular economy can be seen as an effective strategy for promoting climate change mitigation. The poly-paradigmatic nature of economic knowledge from the standpoint of the existential nature of the imperatives of economic development in the context of responsibility to the global future causes certain paradigm shifts, and greening is the mainstream and imperative that reflects the heterodox beginning of the theorico-cyclological methodology. Multidisciplinary epistemological perspective for the analysis of economic phenomena from the standpoint of the new pragmatism in the context of the «triad» of sustainability (economic, social and ecological components), distinguishes the humanitarianism of economic science and positions «in the foreground» the role of values in the economic activity of people and society (acceleration of exploitation of natural resources; climate change; the formation of a new environmental order; environmental and food security) and the dominant paradigm formation (exceeding the environmental limit; Paris agreement; changing public sentiment of fossil producers and businesses; global economic losses; UN sustainable development goals with strong circular practices; WTO involvement in supporting new technologies, minimizing waste production and promoting circular trade). The methodological features of the paradigm of the global inclusive circular economy from the standpoint of postmodernism are the strengthening of socio-humanistic orientations (reflecting its ideology and creating the basis for an inclusive-oriented society); ontological nonlinearity (emphasizes circularity); consensus (the need for a global consensus to achieve a goal) emulated using the economic-mathematical method. According to the proposed methodological approach, the integrated index of development of the global inclusive circular economy has been calculated for 28 countries of the world, Includig Germany, USA, China and South Africa. We substantiate the conceptual provisions of the theoretical and methodological model of the global inclusive circular economy, namely: system characteristics (sustainable development; stability; inclusive growth; expanding opportunities for equity; equal access to resources and distribution of benefits) and the principles of circular self-organization (conservation of resources for future and rationalization of their use; counteraction of management dysfunction), determined by criterion constraints of corporate culture, communications in global value chains, dominance of linear economy, unformed circular value of goods and low quality of recycled products, limited implementation of institutional, informational, financial, financial pilot circular business projects and programs. Our approach made it possible to substantiate the basic concepts of forming a paradigm of the global inclusive circular economy: global value chains (supply of secondary raw materials), sharing platforms, circular trade, circular product life cycle, circular cities and circular cores.
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Gordienko, Tatiana, Tatiana Bezusova, Anna Mezentseva, and Haykaz Hovhannisyan. "Mathematics Teachers Training Problems in the Context of the of New Educational Standards Introduction." SHS Web of Conferences 70 (2019): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20197003004.
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The article is devoted to the future mathematics teachers training problems. The problems range of this educational process is represented by the following components: applicants with a low level of mathematical training, insufficient hours for fundamental mathematical disciplines in curricula, reorganization of the educational process with a focus on expanding electronic content. The insufficient number of hours devoted to the study of mathematical disciplines leads to the fact that students do not form subject knowledge. The article outlines ways to eliminate problems in the future mathematics teachers preparation: the propaedeutic courses introduction, the structural and didactic schemes development in the main mathematical sections, the disciplines integration, the system use of practical tasks, the preparing students holistic model for the use of information and communication technologies creation. The results of the training teachers experience in one domestic educational institution of higher education are presented. In accordance with which, such components as sufficient pre-university preparation, integration of disciplines, schematization of mathematical content, creation of conditions for combining the logical and figurative components of the students’ mathematical culture, and informational competence of students become necessary in the structure of building the educational process.
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Van Wassenbergh, Sam, and Peter Aerts. "Aquatic suction feeding dynamics: insights from computational modelling." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 6, no. 31 (September 9, 2008): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2008.0311.
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Aquatic suction feeding in vertebrates involves extremely unsteady flow, externally as well as internally of the expanding mouth cavity. Consequently, studying the hydrodynamics involved in this process is a challenging research area, where experimental studies and mathematical models gradually aid our understanding of how suction feeding works mechanically. Especially for flow patterns inside the mouth cavity, our current knowledge is almost entirely based on modelling studies. In the present paper, we critically discuss some of the assumptions and limitations of previous analytical models of suction feeding using computational fluid dynamics.
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Rao, Yongsheng, Lanxing Xie, Hao Guan, Jing Li, and Qixin Zhou. "A Method for Expanding Predicates and Rules in Automated Geometry Reasoning System." Mathematics 10, no. 7 (April 4, 2022): 1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10071177.
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Predicates and rules are usually enclosed as built-in functions in automated geometry reasoning systems, meaning users cannot add any predicate or rule, thus resulting in a limited reasoning capability of the systems. A method for expanding predicates and rules in automated geometry reasoning systems is, thus, proposed. Specifically, predicate and rule descriptions are transformed to knowledge trees and forests based on formal representations of geometric knowledge, and executable codes are dynamically and automatically generated by using “code templates”. Thus, a transformation from controlled natural language descriptions to mechanization algorithms is completed, and finally, the dynamic expansion of predicates and rules in the reasoning system is achieved. Moreover, the method has been implemented in an automated geometry reasoning system for Chinese college entrance examination questions, and the practicality and effectiveness of the method were tested. In conclusion, the enclosed setting, which is a shortcoming of traditional reasoning systems, is avoided, the user-defined dynamic expansion of predicates and rules is realized, the application scope of the reasoning system is extended, and the reasoning capability is improved.
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Wilson, Katie, Lucy Montgomery, Cameron Neylon, Chun-Kai (Karl) Huang, and Rebecca N. Handcock. "Curtin Open Knowledge Initiative." LIBER Quarterly: The Journal of the Association of European Research Libraries 32, no. 1 (November 3, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.53377/lq.11544.
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In the current era of worldwide competition in higher education, universities are caught up in market processes that encourage compliance with the measurement systems applied by world university rankings. Despite questions about the rankings’ methodologies and data sources, universities continue to adopt assessment and evaluation practices that require academic researchers to publish in sources indexed by the major commercial bibliographic databases used by world rankings. Building on a critique of the limited bibliometric measures and underlying assumptions of rankings, the Curtin Open Knowledge Initiative interdisciplinary research project aggregates and analyses scholarly research data including open access output from multiple open sources for more than 20,000 institutions worldwide. To understand who is creating knowledge and how diversity is enacted through the transmission of knowledge we analyse workforce demographic data. In this article, we discuss the project’s rationale, methodologies and examples of data analysis that can enable universities to make independent assessments, ask questions about rankings, and contribute to open knowledge-making and sharing. Expanding on our presentation to the LIBER Online 2021 Conference, we discuss collaboration with academic libraries and other scholarly communication stakeholders to develop and extend the open knowledge project.
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Weiten, Moritz, and Gunter Wozny. "Advanced information management for process sciences: knowledge-based documentation of mathematical models." International Journal of Internet and Enterprise Management 2, no. 2 (2004): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijiem.2004.004938.
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Choudhury, M. A., S. I. Zaman, and Yaqoub Al-Nassar. "A knowledge-Induced Operator Model." Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2007): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol12iss1pp19-40.
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Learning systems are in the forefront of analytical investigation in the sciences. In the social sciences they occupy the study of complexity and strongly interactive world-systems. Sometimes they are diversely referred to as symbiotics and semiotics when studied in conjunction with logical expressions. In the mathematical sciences the methodology underlying learning systems with complex behavior is based on formal logic or systems analysis. In this paper relationally learning systems are shown to transcend the space-time domain of scientific investigation into the knowledge dimension. Such a knowledge domain is explained by pervasive interaction leading to integration and followed by continuous evolution as complementary processes existing between entities and systemic domains in world-systems, thus the abbreviation IIE-processes. This paper establishes a mathematical characterization of the properties of knowledge-induced process-based world-systems in the light of the epistemology of unity of knowledge signified in this paper by extensive complementarities caused by the epistemic and ontological foundation of the text of unity of knowledge, the prime example of which is the realm of the divine laws. The result is formalism in mathematical generalization of the learning phenomenon by means of an operator. This operator summarizes the properties of interaction, integration and evolution (IIE) in the continuum domain of knowledge formation signified by universal complementarities across entities, systems and sub-systems in unifying world-systems. The opposite case of ‘de-knowledge’ and its operator is also briefly formalized.
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PAVELKO, VIKTORIYA. "MATHEMATICS IN NATURAL SCIENCES AND EDUCATION: THEORETICAL ASPECT." Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: pedagogy 1, no. 2 (January 11, 2023): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2415-3605.22.2.13.
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The need to modernize modern education in order to increase the level of students' interest in studying subjects, mathematical and natural sciences, was noted. The role of mathematics and natural sciences for the versatile development of the personality in general, their necessity from the first years of education is defined and integration as an important condition for unification and mutual use in the educational process of mathematical and natural knowledge. The relevance of the problem of using mathematics both in the learning process and for various areas of scientific knowledge is substantiated. The article describes general historical information about mathematics as a science and gives examples of the interpretation of its content by scientists of both the past and the present. The factors determining the importance of the role of mathematics are determined. Its general aspects are characterized from the point of view of mathematical language, its elements, namely, sign, symbol, model, mathematical modeling. The important role of the language of mathematics both in the cognitive activity of a person and in the research of natural sciences at various stages of their development is substantiated.
As a result of the analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature and generalizations of the use of mathematical methods and tools, examples of the interpretation of the concept of "mathematization of scientific knowledge" are given. The main aspects of the mathematization of sciences and, in particular, its necessity in the formation and development of natural sciences are theoretically substantiated. The necessary conditions for the effectiveness of the application of the concepts and methods of mathematics and the strengthening of the mathematization of knowledge have been identified. Examples of the application of mathematical methods for such sciences as astronomy and chemistry are given. The need for mathematization in natural science is also mentioned in the context of biological sciences, and the stages of this process are characterized.
The degree of reality of mathematical concepts and structures in natural science has been clarified; of mutual dependence, bilateral connection of mathematics and natural sciences are clarified. That is, that natural science is necessary for modern mathematics, just as it is necessary for it. The significance of mathematization in the integration of natural knowledge in today's conditions is indicated. The author also drew attention to the issue of mathematization of natural sciences in the context of the educational process, i.e., that for the subjects of the study, it involves the penetration of mathematics into natural science; on the problem of conditioning the integration of mathematics with science subjects. It was emphasized that science and mathematics education is gaining importance today and the need for active implementation of STEM education in the New Ukrainian School and, in particular, in the primary level.
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Alfaro-Carvajal, Christian, Pablo Flores-Martínez, and Gabriela Valverde-Soto. "Knowledge of mathematics teachers in initial training regarding mathematical proofs: Logic-mathematical aspects in the evaluation of arguments." Uniciencia 36, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/ru.36-1.9.
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The objective of this study is to characterize the knowledge of mathematics teachers in initial training (MTITs) at the Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica) on the logic-syntactic and mathematical aspects involved in proving, when evaluating mathematical arguments. The research is positioned in the interpretive paradigm and has a qualitative approach. It consists of two empirical phases: in the first, a questionnaire regarding logic-syntactic aspects was applied to 25 subjects, during the months of September and October 2018 and; in the second phase, a second questionnaire covering mathematical aspects was applied to 19 subjects, during the months of May and June 2019. For the analysis of the information, knowledge indicators were proposed. Knowledge indicators are understood as phrases to determine evidence of knowledge in the responses of the subjects. It was appreciated that the vast majority of future mathematics teachers show knowledge to discriminate when a mathematical argument corresponds or not to a proof by virtue of the logic and syntactic aspects, and of mathematical elements associated with propositions with the structure of universal implication. In general, subjects displayed greater evidence of knowledge on the logic-syntactic aspects than on the mathematical aspects. Specifically, they evidenced that consideration of a particular case or the proof of the reciprocal proposition does not prove the result; likewise, subjects evidenced knowledge about the direct and indirect proof of the universal implication. In the case of the mathematical aspects considered as hypotheses, axioms, definitions and theorems, it was appreciated that subjects could have different levels of difficulties to understand a proof.
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Nikolaev, V. A. "Telerehabilitation of post-stroke patients: current trends in the Russian healthcare system." Manager Zdravoochranenia, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2022-2-65-75.
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With age, the risk of stroke increases significantly, but at the same time, there are tendencies for an increase in its prevalence in young and middle-aged people, which determines the urgency of the problem of rehabilitation treatment after stroke both in the world and in Russia. The use of digital technologies in neurorehabilitation can be very multifaceted and extensive. Telerehabilitation as an innovative direction of telemedicine is an important aspect within the framework of the national project «Healthcare» and the program «Digital Economy of the Russian Federation». P u r p o s e of the study is to analysis of the Russian experience of organizing and conducting telerehabilitation of post-stroke period in the context of the digital transformation of the healthcare system in Russia. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The article used technologies for searching and selecting information using search engines (www.google.ru, www.yandex.ru), specialized and bibliographic databases (PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU), methods of analysis and synthesis, analytical data processing. R e s u l t s . The study showed that telerehabilitation has a high clinical value of adherence to the treatment of patients of post-stroke period and is not a separate type of medical activity, but an innovative therapeutic and prophylactic method that expands the possibilities of therapy and improves the process of interaction in the «doctor-patient» and «doctor-doctor» communication systems. This technology of restorative telemedicine makes it possible to increase the level of scientific knowledge, skills and abilities of healthcare organizers and medical workers in order to strengthen the national healthcare system of Russia, as well as to rationally use the scientific and practical potential of digital solutions in interdisciplinary interaction of specialists dealing with medical neurorehabilitation, significantly expanding the coverage of the population telerehabilitation services after a stroke. F i n d i n g s . Despite the positive experience of some medical organizations in Russia in the use of telerehabilitation, this direction is still in its infancy and is likely to develop in the coming years for the rehabilitation of many stroke patients, which will help healthcare organizers, doctors and patients and other interdisciplinary specialists effectively and interact seamlessly in the digital health ecosystem in the context of the development of patient-centered medicine.
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Manning, Patrick. "The Life Sciences, 1900–2000: Analysis and Social Welfare from Mendel and Koch to Biotech and Conservation." Asian Review of World Histories 6, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 185–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22879811-12340030.
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Abstract The life sciences underwent a dramatic transformation during the twentieth century, with an expansion in fundamental knowledge of the process of evolution and its molecular basis, through advances in health care that greatly extended human life, and by the combination of these advances to address the problem of conserving the many forms of life threatened by expanding human society. The essay highlights the worldwide emphasis on social welfare in the years 1945–1980 and the expanding role of international collaboration, especially in the International Biological Program and its advances in ecology and the notion of the biosphere, and in the emergence of molecular biology. This was also the era of the Cold War, yet military confrontation had fewer implications for life sciences than for the natural sciences in that era. After 1980, deregulation and neoliberalism weakened programs for social welfare, yet links among the varying strands of life sciences continued to grow, bringing the development of genomics and its many implications, expanding epidemiology to include reliance on social sciences, and deepening ecological studies as the Anthropocene became more and more prevalent. In sum, the experience of the life sciences should make it clear to world historians that scientific advance goes beyond the achievements of brilliant but isolated researchers: those same advances rely substantially on social movements, migration, and the exchange of knowledge across intellectual and physical boundaries.
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Criales-Hernández, María I., Diana M. Sanchez-Lobo, and Johanna K. Almeyda-Osorio. "Expanding the knowledge of plankton diversity of tropical lakes from the Northeast Colombian Andes." Revista de Biología Tropical 68, S2 (October 22, 2020): S159—S176. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v68is2.44347.
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Introduction: A large number of planktonic communities found in tropical lakes have not yet been recorded, limiting understanding of how these ecosystems function and of the role that organisms play within them. Objective: Add new records of previously described species and to contribute to the knowledge of the planktonic communities present in tropical mountain and lowland lakes of the northeast Colombian Andes. Methods: Planktonic samples were collected and physicochemical variables measured in nine tropical lakes. Organisms were identified and a bibliographic search was carried out in databases and research articles to the identification of the new records to Colombia. Results: We present the data corresponding to six physicochemical variables measured in tropical lakes of this region and expand the existing information on organisms present in tropical lakes with a list of 391 taxa (299 phytoplankton and 92 zooplankton). The proportion of planktonic species unique to tropical lakes and the low similarity between lake types found with a Jaccard analysis indicated high heterogeneity of ecological conditions in the studied lakes. Conclusions: The 391 taxa found and 15 new records contribute to the list of planktonic organisms present in tropical lakes located in high and low areas of the Colombian northeast Andes.
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Sobaih, Abu Elnasr E., and Ibrahim A. Elshaer. "Risk-Taking, Financial Knowledge, and Risky Investment Intention: Expanding Theory of Planned Behavior Using a Moderating-Mediating Model." Mathematics 11, no. 2 (January 14, 2023): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11020453.
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This research examines the impact of financial knowledge on risky investment intention via the lens of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The research developed a comprehensive model to test the mediation effect of the three TPB antecedents on the link between financial knowledge and risky investment intention. The research investigates the moderating effect of risk-taking on the link between three TPB constructs and risky investment intention. For these purposes, we used a pre-tested survey, was directed to senior university students in public universities in Saudi Arabia. The findings of SmartPLS showed a significant positive influence of financial knowledge on attitudes towards risky investment, subjective norms (SNs), and perceived behavioral control (PBC). Both SNs and PBC have a significant positive influence on risky investment intention. Nonetheless, the personal attitude of students failed to have a significant direct or mediating influence on risky investment intention. Additionally, risk-taking did not have a moderating effect on the link between personal attitude and risky investment intention. Students belong to a risk-adverse culture, which could justify the insignificant impact of their personal attitudes on risky investment intention. On the other side, SNs and PBC have a mediating effect on the link between financial knowledge and risky investment intention. Risk-taking has a moderating effect on the link between SNs, PBC, and risky investment intention. The research extends the use of TPB by validating its assumptions about driving the investment intention of university graduates.
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Chistousov, Nikita Konstantinovich, Igor Anatolyevich Kalmykov, Daniil Vyacheslavovich Dukhovnyj, Maksim Igorevich Kalmykov, and Aleksandr Anatolyevich Olenev. "Adaptive Authentication Protocol Based on Zero-Knowledge Proof." Algorithms 15, no. 2 (January 30, 2022): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a15020050.
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Authentication protocols are expanding their application scope in wireless information systems, among which are low-orbit satellite communication systems (LOSCS) for the OneWeb space Internet, automatic object identification systems using RFID, the Internet of Things, intelligent transportation systems (ITS), Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET). This is due to the fact that authentication protocols effectively resist a number of attacks on wireless data transmission channels in these systems. The main disadvantage of most authentication protocols is the use of symmetric and asymmetric encryption systems to ensure high cryptographic strength. As a result, there is a problem in delivering keys to the sides of the prover and the verifier. At the same time, compromising of keys will lead to a decrease in the level of protection of the transmitted data. Zero-knowledge authentication protocols (ZKAP) are able to eliminate this disadvantage. However, most of these protocols use multiple rounds to authenticate the prover. Therefore, ZKAP, which has minimal time costs, is developed in the article. A scheme for adapting protocol parameters has been developed in this protocol to increase its efficiency. Reductions in the level of confidentiality allow us to reduce the time spent on the execution of the authentication protocol. This increases the volume of information traffic. At the same time, an increase in the confidentiality of the protocol entails an increase in the time needed for authentication of the prover, which reduces the volume of information traffic. The FPGA Artix-7 xc7a12ticsg325-1L was used to estimate the time spent implementing the adaptive ZKAP protocol. Testing was performed for 32- and 64-bit adaptive authentication protocols.
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Rusinov, Alexey S. "Teaching students the equations of mathematical physics using educational electronic resources." RUDN Journal of Informatization in Education 18, no. 2 (September 3, 2021): 188–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8631-2021-18-2-188-196.
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Problem and goal. Currently, information and telecommunications technologies are widely used in the professional activities of most specialists in various subject areas. This circumstance initiates the training of students in higher education institutions, who must have not only deep subject knowledge, but also be able to master modern information and telecommunications technologies and be able to apply them in their activities. One of the fundamental disciplines that is included in the university curricula for preparing students of physical and mathematical fields of study is Equations of mathematical physics. In the process of teaching students the equations of mathematical physics, the goals are set not only to form students' solid subject knowledge, but also to acquire the skills and abilities to apply modern information technologies in the study of mathematical models based on the equations of mathematical physics. Methodology. Educational electronic resources are used in training sessions on mathematical physics equations. Such training sessions with students take place in the form of laboratory classes, where modern computer technologies are used to find solutions to equations of mathematical physics and then analyze them. Results . The implementation of didactic principles of teaching mathematical physics equations in laboratory classes using educational electronic resources allows students to achieve good results in the methods of studying mathematical physics equations. Conclusion. The use of educational electronic resources in the classroom on the equations of mathematical physics allows students, in addition to deep subject knowledge, to acquire the skills and abilities to use modern computer techno- logies to solve mathematical problems.
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Pérez-García, Víctor M., Susan Fitzpatrick, Luis A. Pérez-Romasanta, Milica Pesic, Philippe Schucht, Estanislao Arana, and Pilar Sánchez-Gómez. "Applied mathematics and nonlinear sciences in the war on cancer." Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences 1, no. 2 (October 1, 2016): 423–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21042/amns.2016.2.00036.
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AbstractApplied mathematics and nonlinear sciences have an enormous potential for application in cancer. Mathematical models can be used to raise novel hypotheses to test, develop optimized treatment schedules and personalize therapies. However. this potential is yet to be proven in real-world applications to specific cancer types. In this paper we discuss how we think mathematical knowledge may be better used to improve cancer patients’ outcome.
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Winterbauer, Nancy L., Betty Bekemeier, Lisa VanRaemdonck, and Anna G. Hoover. "Applying Community-Based Participatory Research Partnership Principles to Public Health Practice-Based Research Networks." SAGE Open 6, no. 4 (October 2016): 215824401667921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244016679211.
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With real-world relevance and translatability as important goals, applied methodological approaches have arisen along the participatory continuum that value context and empower stakeholders to partner actively with academics throughout the research process. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) provides the gold standard for equitable, partnered research in traditional communities. Practice-based research networks (PBRNs) also have developed, coalescing communities of practice and of academics to identify, study, and answer practice-relevant questions. To optimize PBRN potential for expanding scientific knowledge, while bridging divides across knowledge production, dissemination, and implementation, we elucidate how PBRN partnerships can be strengthened by applying CBPR principles to build and maintain research collaboratives that empower practice partners. Examining the applicability of CBPR partnership principles to public health (PH) PBRNs, we conclude that PH-PBRNs can serve as authentic, sustainable CBPR partnerships, ensuring the co-production of new knowledge, while also improving and expanding the implementation and impact of research findings in real-world settings.