Academic literature on the topic 'Expanding knowledge in the biomedical and clinical sciences'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Expanding knowledge in the biomedical and clinical sciences.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Expanding knowledge in the biomedical and clinical sciences"
1
Malik, Jayraj, Vaishali Keluskar, and Sulem Ansari. "Expanding the Role of Oral Physician in Early Diagnosis of Commonly Occurring Systemic Diseases." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 12, no. 12 (December 22, 2022): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20221222.
Full textAbstract:
Dentistry deals with the identification, mitigation, and prevention of diseases of teeth, gums, mouth, and jaw. Dentistry can have an effect on your overall health and for treating patients with chronic diseases and other conditions safely and effectively, dentists need to have a solid knowledge of basic clinical medicine. Dentists should possess the same level of knowledge as physicians in all other branches of medicine due to changes in life expectancy and lifestyles, as well as the rapid advancement of biomedical sciences and help in diagnosing systemic diseases based on oral findings. The present review throws a spotlight on these activities and also suggests some of the measures that can be adopted to modify dental education to turn dentists into oral physicians by early diagnosing of systemic diseases. Key words: Dentistry, disease, education, physician, primary care
2
Li, Haiyue, Ruirui Qiao, Thomas P. Davis, and Shi-Yang Tang. "Biomedical Applications of Liquid Metal Nanoparticles: A Critical Review." Biosensors 10, no. 12 (November 30, 2020): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios10120196.
Full textAbstract:
This review is focused on the basic properties, production, functionalization, cytotoxicity, and biomedical applications of liquid metal nanoparticles (LMNPs), with a focus on particles of the size ranging from tens to hundreds of nanometers. Applications, including cancer therapy, medical imaging, and pathogen treatment are discussed. LMNPs share similar properties to other metals, such as photothermal conversion ability and a propensity to form surface oxides. Compared to many other metals, especially mercury, the cytotoxicity of gallium is low and is considered by many reports to be safe when applied in vivo. Recent advances in exploring different grafting molecules are reported herein, as surface functionalization is essential to enhance photothermal therapeutic effects of LMNPs or to facilitate drug delivery. This review also outlines properties of LMNPs that can be exploited in making medical imaging contrast agents, ion channel regulators, and anti-pathogenic agents. Finally, a foresight is offered, exemplifying underexplored knowledge and highlighting the research challenges faced by LMNP science and technology in expanding into applications potentially yielding clinical advances.
3
Davis, Clay. "Homo adhaerens: Risk and adherence in biomedical HIV prevention research." Social Studies of Science 50, no. 6 (June 24, 2020): 860–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312720933943.
Full textAbstract:
After the turn of the millennium, HIV clinical researchers pivoted from developing and testing new antiretrovirals (ARVs) for treatment, to reconfiguring the same molecules for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). In 2012, Truvada became the first HIV therapy to also be approved by the FDA for PrEP, regarded as a magic bullet that promised to end the epidemic. However, six years after its approval, it continues to be inaccessible to those who are most vulnerable. In this article, I critically analyze HIV PrEP clinical trials, dissecting the novel techniques researchers use to demonstrate efficacy. I argue that in making sense of the interplay between adherence to a prophylactic regimen and risk for HIV, biomedical HIV prevention research has revealed a new subject of biopolitics, Homo adhaerens. In the early 2000s, clinical researchers operating in the Global South identified Homo adhaerens as the ideal subject, one who embodies both high-risk behavior and diligent adherence to a daily oral regimen. I trace the construction of Homo adhaerens to the United States, where I listen closely to activists engaged with the ongoing DISCOVER trial of PrEP. Activists either aspire for Homo adhaerens as a standard, making the liberal argument that expanding access could make PrEP successful, or they rebuke the framework of clinical research that produces narrow understandings of adherence, efficacy, and universality. Ultimately, I argue that by failing to grapple with the social realities that underlie poor adherence, PrEP clinical trials produce knowledge that is not useful for those who are most vulnerable.
4
Snezhitskiy, V. A., E. A. Moiseenok, and L. S. Lukashevich. "JOURNAL OF THE GRODNO STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY IS 20 YEARS OLD: OUR ACHIEVEMENTS." Journal of the Grodno State Medical University 20, no. 6 (December 30, 2022): 575–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2022-20-6-575-578.
Full textAbstract:
Summary. The scientific and practical peer-reviewed "Journal of the Grodno State Medical University" celebrates its twentieth anniversary. The history of the journal began on November 27, 2002, when it was registered by the Ministry of Information of the Republic of Belarus. Over the years of its existence, the Journal of the Grodno State Medical University has gained the status of an authoritative periodical scientific journal that publishes review and original articles on medical and biomedical topics, the history of medicine, and the features of medical education. In just 20 years, 90 issues of the Journal of the Grodno State Medical University were published, where 2610 scientific articles and reviews appeared. The main purpose of the journal is to provide a wide coverage of scientific achievements in the field of preventive, clinical, experimental medicine and other medical and biological sciences, especially in the context of cross-border cooperation of medical specialists. The editorial policy of the Journal of the Grodno State Medical University is aimed at disseminating and exchanging scientific knowledge, expanding cooperation with domestic and foreign clinical, scientific and educational institutions in order to deepen integration in the field of medical research.
5
Senathirajah, Yalini, and Sylvia Pelayo. "Human Factors and Organizational Issues." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 29, no. 01 (August 2020): 099–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1702012.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To select the best papers that made original and high impact contributions in the area of human factors and organizational issues in biomedical informatics in 2019. Methods: A rigorous extraction process based on queries from Web of Science® and PubMed/Medline was conducted to identify the scientific contributions published in 2019 that address human factors and organizational issues in biomedical informatics. The screening of papers on titles and abstracts independently by the two editors led to a total of 30 papers. These papers were discussed for a selection of 15 finalist papers, which were then reviewed by the two editors and by three external reviewers from internationally renowned research teams. Results: The query process resulted in 626 papers that reveal interesting and rigorous methods and important studies in human factors that move the field forward, particularly in clinical informatics and emerging technologies such as brain-computer interfaces. This year three papers were clearly outstanding and help advance the field. They provide examples of applying existing frameworks together in novel and highly illuminating ways, showing the value of theory development in human factors. Conclusion: The selected papers make important contributions to human factors and organizational issues, expanding and deepening our knowledge of how to apply theory and applications of new technologies in health.
6
Greenberg-Worisek, Alexandra Joelle, Luz Cumba-Garcia, Nilay Shah, and Anthony Windebank. "3017 Regulatory Science in Translational and Regenerative Medicine Biomedical Education: A Pilot Course." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 3, s1 (March 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2019.172.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: INTRODUCTION: Many of the innovative therapies used in regenerative medicine, such as additive manufacturing and stem cell engineering, rely on novel technologies and techniques for which standards for safety, efficacy, and quality have not been fully explored and established. As these therapies and technologies develop at a rapid pace, there is a need for the development of scientifically-based metrics to assess whether new treatments are effective and safe for clinical translation. Research and development of such standards is known as “regulatory science,” and is needed by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to support the creation of the evidence-based guidances and regulations that are used in review of product submissions. As outlined by the FDA’s description of their Centers for Excellence in Regulatory Science and Innovation (CERSIs) and the Association for Clinical and Translational Science’s (ACTS) Regulatory Science Working Group, here is a need to train investigators and clinicians to conduct regulatory science research to support successful clinical translation of regenerative treatments. OBJECTIVE: To develop a course to expose scholars to regulatory science concepts, to empower them to apply these concepts to their personal areas of research, and to challenge them to engage in the dialogue surrounding regulatory science on a national level. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: METHODS: The “Introduction to Regulatory Science” course was developed jointly by the Yale-Mayo CERSI and the Mayo Clinic Center for Clinical and Translational Science (CCaTS) in 2017 as a didactic in-person survey course. The course objectives included exposing scholars to the ideas of regulatory science and affairs; reviewing the FDA’s Priority Areas for Advancing Regulatory Science; and determining what safety, quality, and efficacy concerns may need to be addressed when using new technologies, such as those used in regenerative medicine research. To meet these intended learning objectives, the course addressed one FDA Priority area each week, with a team of experts providing one-hour of lecture and discussion each class session. Regenerative medicine-related topics included a bioethics of stem cell therapy development, evaluation of additive manufacturing as an emerging technology, and the application of cGMPs to the manufacture of new therapies. Assignments and assessments included a quiz each week, which served as a knowledge check of that week’s lecture content, and a final paper analyzing regulatory concerns associated with a technology or product of the scholar’s choosing. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: RESULTS: The course was first delivered as an elective in 2017, with an enrollment of 8 scholars and 3 auditors. Scholars enrolled included 7 trainees and established investigators from Mayo Clinic Rochester and one from Arizona. Of the 8 scholars enrolled, 7 completed the post-course survey. Scholars strongly agreed that the “course objectives were met” (7/7) and that the “course was well worth the effort I put into it” (7/7). Five scholars stated that they learned “a lot” during the course; two said they learned “an incredible amount.” Scholars unanimously gave the course a grade of “A.” Qualitative feedback was positive, indicating that the team-taught and in-person course design choices were highlights for trainees. The course is currently in its second delivery (2018), with an enrollment of 16 scholars across Mayo Clinic Rochester, Arizona, and Florida. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: CONCLUSIONS: The developed course was successfully piloted and well-received. Scholars reported that they agreed that the course aims were achieved, and indicated that they would like to see additional coursework to continue to learn how to engage in regulatory science. Next steps include utilizing course feedback to iterate on the current course, expanding course delivery to include scholars at the Yale site of the Yale-Mayo CERSI, and the creation of a second course.
7
Senathirajah, Yalini, and Michelle Hribar. "Human Factors and Organizational Issues Section Synopsis IMIA Yearbook 2021." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 30, no. 01 (August 2021): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1726524.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To select the best papers that made original and high impact contributions in the area of human factors and organizational issues in biomedical informatics in 2020. Methods: A rigorous extraction process based on queries from Web of Science® and PubMed/Medline was conducted to identify the scientific contributions published in 2020 that address human factors and organizational issues in biomedical informatics. The screening of papers on titles and abstracts independently by the two section editors led to a total of 1,562 papers. These papers were discussed for a selection of 12 finalist papers, which were then reviewed by the two section editors, two chief editors, and by three external reviewers from internationally renowned research teams. Results: The query process resulted in 12 papers that reveal interesting and rigorous methods and important studies in human factors that move the field forward, particularly in clinical informatics and emerging technologies such as brain-computer interfaces. This year three papers were clearly outstanding and help advance in the field. They provide examples of applying existing frameworks together in novel and highly illuminating ways, showing the value of theory development in human factors. Emerging themes included several which discussed physician burnout, mobile health, and health equity. Those concerning the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) were included as part of that section. Conclusion: The selected papers make important contributions to human factors and organizational issues, expanding and deepening our knowledge of how to apply theory and applications of new technologies in health.
8
Senathirajah, Yalini, and Anthony E. Solomonides. "Best Papers in Human Factors and Sociotechnical Development." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 31, no. 01 (August 2022): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1742543.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: To select the best papers that made original and high impact contributions in human factors and organizational issues in biomedical informatics in 2021. Methods: A rigorous extraction process based on queries from Web of Science® and PubMed/Medline was conducted to identify the scientific contributions published in 2021 that address human factors and organizational issues in biomedical informatics. The screening of papers on titles and abstracts independently by the two section editors led to a total of 3,206 papers. These papers were discussed for a selection of 12 finalist papers, which were then reviewed by the two section editors, two chief editors, and by three external reviewers from internationally renowned research teams. Results: The query process resulted in 12 papers that reveal interesting and rigorous methods and important studies in human factors that move the field forward, particularly in clinical informatics and emerging technologies such as brain-computer interfaces and mobile health. This year three papers were clearly outstanding and help advance in the field. They provide examples of examining novel and important topics such as the nature of human-machine interaction behavior and norms, use of social-media based design for an electronic health record, and emerging topics such as brain-computer interfaces. thematic development of electronic health records and usability techniques, and condition-focused patient facing tools. Those concerning the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) were included as part of that section. Conclusion: The selected papers make important contributions to human factors and organizational issues, expanding and deepening our knowledge of how to apply theory and applications of new technologies in health.
9
Yang, Heyoung, and Eunsoo Sohn. "Expanding Our Understanding of COVID-19 from Biomedical Literature Using Word Embedding." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (March 15, 2021): 3005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063005.
Full textAbstract:
A better understanding of the clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is urgently required to address this health crisis. Numerous researchers and pharmaceutical companies are working on developing vaccines and treatments; however, a clear solution has yet to be found. The current study proposes the use of artificial intelligence methods to comprehend biomedical knowledge and infer the characteristics of COVID-19. A biomedical knowledge base was established via FastText, a word embedding technique, using PubMed literature from the past decade. Subsequently, a new knowledge base was created using recently published COVID-19 articles. Using this newly constructed knowledge base from the word embedding model, a list of anti-infective drugs and proteins of either human or coronavirus origin were inferred to be related, because they are located close to COVID-19 on the knowledge base. This study attempted to form a method to quickly infer related information about COVID-19 using the existing knowledge base, before sufficient knowledge about COVID-19 is accumulated. With COVID-19 not completely overcome, machine learning-based research in the PubMed literature will provide a broad guideline for researchers and pharmaceutical companies working on treatments for COVID-19.
10
Hannestad, Lance M., Vlado Dančík, Meera Godden, Imelda W. Suen, Kenneth C. Huellas-Bruskiewicz, Benjamin M. Good, Christopher J. Mungall, and Richard M. Bruskiewich. "Knowledge Beacons: Web services for data harvesting of distributed biomedical knowledge." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 23, 2021): e0231916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231916.
Full textAbstract:
The continually expanding distributed global compendium of biomedical knowledge is diffuse, heterogeneous and huge, posing a serious challenge for biomedical researchers in knowledge harvesting: accessing, compiling, integrating and interpreting data, information and knowledge. In order to accelerate research towards effective medical treatments and optimizing health, it is critical that efficient and automated tools for identifying key research concepts and their experimentally discovered interrelationships are developed. As an activity within the feasibility phase of a project called “Translator” (https://ncats.nih.gov/translator) funded by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) to develop a biomedical science knowledge management platform, we designed a Representational State Transfer (REST) web services Application Programming Interface (API) specification, which we call a Knowledge Beacon. Knowledge Beacons provide a standardized basic API for the discovery of concepts, their relationships and associated supporting evidence from distributed online repositories of biomedical knowledge. This specification also enforces the annotation of knowledge concepts and statements to the NCATS endorsed the Biolink Model data model and semantic encoding standards (https://biolink.github.io/biolink-model/). Implementation of this API on top of diverse knowledge sources potentially enables their uniform integration behind client software which will facilitate research access and integration of biomedical knowledge. Availability The API and associated software is open source and currently available for access at https://github.com/NCATS-Tangerine/translator-knowledge-beacon.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Expanding knowledge in the biomedical and clinical sciences"
1
Krive, Jacob. "Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Computerized Physician Order Entry Medication Order Sets Measured by Health Outcomes." NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/202.
Full textAbstract:
In the past three years, evidence based medicine emerged as a powerful force in an effort to improve quality and health outcomes, and to reduce cost of care. Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) applications brought safety and efficiency features to clinical settings, including ease of ordering medications via pre-defined sets. Order sets offer promise of standardized care beyond convenience features through evidence-based practices built upon a growing and powerful knowledge of clinical professionals to achieve potentially more consistent health outcomes with patients and to reduce frequency of medical errors, adverse drug effects, and unintended side effects during treatment. While order sets existed in paper form prior to the introduction of CPOE, their true potential was only unleashed with support of clinical informatics, at those healthcare facilities that installed CPOE systems and reap rewards of standardized care.
Despite ongoing utilization of order sets at facilities that implemented CPOE, there is a lack of quantitative evidence behind their benefits. Comprehensive research into their impact requires a history of electronic medical records necessary to produce large population samples to achieve statistically significant results. The study, conducted at a large Midwest healthcare system consisting of several community and academic hospitals, was aimed at quantitatively analyzing benefits of the order sets applied to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE) and treat pneumonia, congestive heart failure (CHF), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) - testing hospital mortality, readmission, complications, and length of stay (LOS) as health outcomes.
Results indicated reduction of acute VTE rates among non-surgical patients in the experimental group, while LOS and complications benefits were inconclusive. Pneumonia patients in the experimental group had lower mortality, readmissions, LOS, and complications rates. CHF patients benefited from order sets in terms of mortality and LOS, while there was no sufficient data to display results for readmissions and complications. Utilization of AMI order sets was insufficient to produce statistically significant results. Results will (1) empower health providers with evidence to justify implementation of order sets due to their effectiveness in driving improvements in health outcomes and efficiency of care and (2) provide researchers with new ideas to conduct health outcomes research.
2
Galia, Fabrice. "Supervision automatique de la ventilation artificielle en soins intensifs : investigation d'un système existant et propositions d'extensions." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00627248.
Full textAbstract:
Les objectifs de la thèse sont l'a nalyse approfondie d'un système de supervision automatique de la ventilation artificielle des patients hospitalisés en soins intensifs et l'élaboration de solutions pour améliorer et étendre son fonctionnement. Ce système adapte l'assistance en pression de la ventilation spontanée avec aide inspiratoire (AI) par un rétrocontrôle basé sur la fréquence respiratoire du patient et, comme variables de "sécurité", le volume courant et le CO2 de fin d'expiration (etCO2). Il établit ainsi une classification ventilatoire et règle un niveau de pression d'AI.Sur la base d'études publiées rapportant des limitations, d'analyses d'une base de données rétrospectives acquises sur patient, d'études sur banc-test et d'études observationnelles prospectives réalisées chez les patients, nous avons étudié précisément le fonctionnement du système. Pour la plupart des limitations, une solution a été proposée et évaluée sur banc. A partir d'une étude clinique, nous avons proposé une amélioration de la procédure de traitement du signal etCO2 par le système. En nous basant sur les observations de la base de données, nous avons décrit une procédure automatisée de sevrage de la PEP dont un niveau supérieur à 5 mbar entrave le sevrage par le système. Sur le même principe, nous avons souhaité, en amont de l'AI, tenter d'automatiser un changement de mode depuis la ventilation assistée contrôlée. Au travers d'une étude clinique, nous avons déterminé des critères ventilatoires qui pourraient permettre d'automatiser cette procédure. L'ensemble a permis la définition d'une méthodologie d'évaluation et d'amélioration d'un système automatisé de ventilation artificielle
3
"Automated Injection of Curated Knowledge Into Real-Time Clinical Systems: CDS Architecture for the 21st Century." Doctoral diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.51146.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: Clinical Decision Support (CDS) is primarily associated with alerts, reminders, order entry, rule-based invocation, diagnostic aids, and on-demand information retrieval. While valuable, these foci have been in production use for decades, and do not provide a broader, interoperable means of plugging structured clinical knowledge into live electronic health record (EHR) ecosystems for purposes of orchestrating the user experiences of patients and clinicians. To date, the gap between knowledge representation and user-facing EHR integration has been considered an “implementation concern” requiring unscalable manual human efforts and governance coordination. Drafting a questionnaire engineered to meet the specifications of the HL7 CDS Knowledge Artifact specification, for example, carries no reasonable expectation that it may be imported and deployed into a live system without significant burdens. Dramatic reduction of the time and effort gap in the research and application cycle could be revolutionary. Doing so, however, requires both a floor-to-ceiling precoordination of functional boundaries in the knowledge management lifecycle, as well as formalization of the human processes by which this occurs.
This research introduces ARTAKA: Architecture for Real-Time Application of Knowledge Artifacts, as a concrete floor-to-ceiling technological blueprint for both provider heath IT (HIT) and vendor organizations to incrementally introduce value into existing systems dynamically. This is made possible by service-ization of curated knowledge artifacts, then injected into a highly scalable backend infrastructure by automated orchestration through public marketplaces. Supplementary examples of client app integration are also provided. Compilation of knowledge into platform-specific form has been left flexible, in so far as implementations comply with ARTAKA’s Context Event Service (CES) communication and Health Services Platform (HSP) Marketplace service packaging standards.
Towards the goal of interoperable human processes, ARTAKA’s treatment of knowledge artifacts as a specialized form of software allows knowledge engineers to operate as a type of software engineering practice. Thus, nearly a century of software development processes, tools, policies, and lessons offer immediate benefit: in some cases, with remarkable parity. Analyses of experimentation is provided with guidelines in how choice aspects of software development life cycles (SDLCs) apply to knowledge artifact development in an ARTAKA environment.
Portions of this culminating document have been further initiated with Standards Developing Organizations (SDOs) intended to ultimately produce normative standards, as have active relationships with other bodies.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Biomedical Informatics 2018
Books on the topic "Expanding knowledge in the biomedical and clinical sciences"
1
Nichols, Eve K. Expanding access to investigational therapies for HIV infection and AIDS: March 12-13, 1990, conference summary. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1991.
Find full text
2
Medicine, Institute of, and Roundtable for the Development of Drugs and Vaccines Against AIDS. Expanding Access to Investigational Therapies for HIV Infection and AIDS. National Academies Press, 1991.
Find full text
3
Expanding Access to Investigational Therapies for HIV Infection and AIDS. National Academies Press, 1991.
Find full text
4
Flemming, Kelly D., ed. Mayo Clinic Neurology Board Review. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197512166.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Neurology is an exciting and rapidly expanding area of medicine. This new edition of Mayo Clinic Neurology Board Review is designed to assist both physicians-in-training who are preparing for the initial American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN) certification examination and neurologists who are preparing for recertification. Trainees and other physicians in related specialties such as psychiatry, neurosurgery, or physiatry may also find this book useful in preparation for their own certification examinations. While erring on the side of thoroughness, Mayo Clinic Neurology Board Review, Second Edition, is not intended to replace an in-depth textbook or serve as a guide to the most current therapies. Instead, this book provides a core of essential knowledge of both basic and clinical aspects of neurology. The emphasis is on clinical knowledge related to diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to patient management. In addition, this text has an expansive array of illustrations, pathology, and radiologic images. There are different needs for those who are taking the initial board examination and for those who are recertifying. The first section covers basic sciences and psychiatry, and the remaining portion covers clinical neurology. It is intended that people taking the board examination for the first time would benefit from reviewing all chapters, whereas those recertifying may wish to mainly focus on the clinical section. Throughout the book, high-yield facts and questions have been included for your review.
5
Van Dyk, Jacob. The Modern Technology of Radiation Oncology, Vol 4. Medical Physics Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54947/9781951134020.
Full textAbstract:
High praise continues to come in for the 4th volume of Jake Van Dyk's The Modern Technology of Radiation Oncology. From Peter Metcalfe in Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine… "Thank goodness medical physics has Jacob Van Dyk. Like Tiger Woods and Phil Mickelson in golf, his textbooks continue to make major comebacks. He has managed to assemble the most talented among us to sustain the up-to-date knowledge that is essential to our profession. Reference knowledge from this textbook will help ensure the medical physics profession is at the cutting edge of cancer research and clinical treatment. This textbook has taken pride of place on my bookshelf, right next to my most treasured Porsche magazines. I could not give it a higher accolade than that." From Rajesh A. Kinhikar in Journal of Medical Physics…"This resourceful book has aimed to serve as a comprehensive textbook for the practicing radiotherapy professionals. I would like to congratulate the authors and the Editor for such a high?quality scientific feast and strongly recommend the fourth volume of The Modern Technology of Radiation Oncologyto the clinical medical physicists and radiation oncology professionals involved with the rapidly evolving radiotherapy." New topics addressed in volume 4 include surface-guided radiation therapy (RT), PET/MRI, real-time MRI guidance, robust optimization, automated treatment planning, artificial intelligence, adaptive RT, machine learning, big data, radiomics, particle therapy RBE, nanoparticle applications, economic considerations, global medical physics activities, global access to RT, and FLASH RT. The volumes in this series have not only been valued by medical physicists and radiation oncologists in clinical practice around the world, but have also provided an important learning resource for residency programs, radiation technologists, dosimetrists, research students, biomedical engineers, and ancillary professionals related with radiotherapy. Administrators and scientists affiliated with the practice of radiation therapy will also find this book a useful resource.
Book chapters on the topic "Expanding knowledge in the biomedical and clinical sciences"
1
Azar, Ahmad Taher. "Overview of Biomedical Engineering." In Advances in Healthcare Information Systems and Administration, 112–39. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0888-7.ch005.
Full textAbstract:
Biomedical Engineering is a branch that unites engineering methods with biological and medical sciences in order to enhance the quality of our lives. It focuses on understanding intricate systems of living organisms, and on technology development, algorithms, methods, and advanced medical knowledge, while enhancing the conveyance and success of clinical medicine. With engineering principles, biomedical engineering improves the procedures and devices to overcome health care and medical problems by combining both biology and medicine with engineering principals. In the field of Biomedical Engineering, engineers usually need to have background knowledge from such different fields of engineering as electronics, mechanical, and chemical engineering. Specialties in this field like bioinstrumentation, biomechanics, biomaterials, medical imagining, clinical engineering, bioinformatics, telemedicine and rehabilitation engineering, which will be introduced in this chapter together with an overview of the field of biomedical engineering.
2
"Infection and immunity." In Oxford Assess and Progress: Medical Sciences, edited by Jade Chow, John Patterson, Kathy Boursicot, and David Sales. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199605071.003.0027.
Full textAbstract:
A key outcome in medical education is the training of doctors to acquire the knowledge and understanding of the basic science that underpins clinical practice. The graduate will be able to apply to medical practice biomedical scientific principles, method and knowledge relating to: anatomy, biochemistry, cell biology, genetics, immunology, microbiology, molecular biology, nutrition, pathology, pharmacology and physiology .’ (Tomorrow’s Doctors 2009, GMC, UK). In this, the last of the themed chapters of questions that map to the Oxford Handbook of Medical Sciences, we will test knowledge of infectious diseases and the host immune responses that counteract them. Despite the shift of the world health problem to non-communicable diseases in recent times (Global status report on non-communicable diseases 2010, World Health Organization), infectious diseases remain a major health problem in many parts of the world. Even in developed countries, epidemics and outbreaks of infections are not infrequent events, pandemics sporadically crop up at the least expected times. In addition, microorganisms constantly evolve to escape the host immune response and to develop resistance to treatments that have been developed. Therefore, we have no choice but to keep up our knowledge and to develop new treatments.
3
Baumgartner, Christian, and Armin Graber. "Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery in Metabolomics Armin." In Successes and New Directions in Data Mining, 141–66. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-645-7.ch007.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter provides an overview of the knowledge discovery process in metabolomics, a young discipline in the life sciences arena. It introduces two emerging bioanalytical concepts for generating biomolecular information, followed by various data mining and information retrieval procedures such as feature selection, classification, clustering and biochemical interpretation of mined data, illustrated by real examples from preclinical and clinical studies. The authors trust that this chapter will provide an acceptable balance between bioanalytics background information, essential to understanding the complexity of data generation, and information on data mining principals, specific methods and processes, and biomedical application. Thus, this chapter is anticipated to appeal to those with a metabolomics background as well as to basic researchers within the data mining community who are interested in novel life science applications.
4
Baumgartner, Christian, and Armin Graber. "Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery in Metabolomics Armin." In Data Warehousing and Mining, 1759–83. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-951-9.ch104.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter provides an overview of the knowledge discovery process in metabolomics, a young discipline in the life sciences arena. It introduces two emerging bioanalytical concepts for generating biomolecular information, followed by various data mining and information retrieval procedures such as feature selection, classification, clustering and biochemical interpretation of mined data, illustrated by real examples from preclinical and clinical studies. The authors trust that this chapter will provide an acceptable balance between bioanalytics background information, essential to understanding the complexity of data generation, and information on data mining principals, specific methods and processes, and biomedical application. Thus, this chapter is anticipated to appeal to those with a metabolomics background as well as to basic researchers within the data mining community who are interested in novel life science applications.
5
Mikołajewska, Emilia, and Dariusz Mikołajewski. "Models of Cooperation between Medical Specialists and Biomedical Engineers in Neuroprosthetics." In Healthcare Ethics and Training, 1473–89. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2237-9.ch070.
Full textAbstract:
The development of novel technologies associated with neuroprosthetics and their clinical applications needs interdisciplinary knowledge, including not only medical sciences, but IT, biomedical engineering, biocybernetics, and robotics. The variability of possible neurological deficits, interventions, and even scales—from nanotechnology up to rehabilitation robots and brain-computer-interface controlled exoskeletons as whole-body neuroprostheses—makes this task very difficult. Current models of education and cooperation within interdisciplinary therapeutic teams only concern medical specialists. This chapter tries to answer the question, how can biomedical engineers be incorporated into research and clinical practice in neuroprosthetics considering the various aforementioned factors, necessary changes in educational processes, ethical issues, and associated organizational problems?
6
Brown, Gwen Cohen, and Laina Karthikeyan. "Integration of Civic Engagement Pedagogies in the STEM Disciplines." In Cases on Interdisciplinary Research Trends in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, 295–319. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2214-2.ch012.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter discusses the development and implementation of an interdisciplinary learning community between the departments of Dental Hygiene and Biological Sciences, correlating nutrition with oral health and oral cancer and its prevention by early screening. The goal of the project was to engage underrepresented, urban undergraduate students in civic learning, with an eye toward expanding learning capacities and civic responsibilities beyond the classroom. The project followed participation in the 2010 Summer Institute offered by the National Science Foundation’s Science Education for New Civic Engagements and Responsibilities (SENCER). Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology integrates basic science curriculum and applies this unified foundation knowledge to the clinical evaluation of disease, thereby closing the gap between didactic and applied material. Dental Hygiene students enrolled in Nutrition and Anatomy and Physiology will learn to connect this knowledge gained with practical application outside the natural sciences, which in turn will make these courses more interesting and relevant.
7
Abraham, Tara H. "The Egalitarian Mentor." In Rebel Genius. The MIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262035095.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter contextualizes the 1943 paper by Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts on the logic of neural activity through McCulloch’s emerging institutional roles at the University of Illinois at Chicago—both in psychiatry research and as an egalitarian mentor. His performance of this identity at a crucial stage in his career facilitated his turn to the more clinical aspects of brain organization as well as his model-building practices, which converged in his rhetoric of providing a foundational basis for the ever-expanding discipline of psychiatry. The chapter discusses the role of the Rockefeller Foundation and of Nicolas Rashevsky’s group in mathematical biophysics at the University of Chicago as key institutional contexts for McCulloch’s work with Pitts. Rather than simply a precursor to later work in artificial intelligence, their work signified a burgeoning practice of applying mathematics and logic to problems in the biomedical sciences, as well as continued fluidity between science, medicine, and philosophy.
8
Cavaco, Afonso Miguel, Catarina Martins Pires, Margarida Pinto Dias, Cecília Beecher Martins, Teresa Casal, and Maria de Jesus Cabral. "Bridging Pharmacy Education and Health Humanities." In Advances in Medical Education, Research, and Ethics, 91–113. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4486-0.ch005.
Full textAbstract:
Pharmacy education is largely based on learning elements of disease and the corresponding elements of treatment, using the natural sciences and the biomedical perspective. While this is central for competent pharmacists in working on the research, production, and use of drugs, many professionals deal with people suffering from ill-health. Developing clinical roles requires, besides the traditional pharmaceutical knowledge, the ability to understand illness experiences from the perspectives of patients and significant others. Health humanities provide important resources to link human traits and biomedical knowledge, essential for sensitive and responsive pharmacy practice. The chapter aims to explore emerging opportunities for pharmacists' thinking and working with patients offered by the developing movement of health humanities and narrative medicine.
9
Rothstein, William G. "Epilogue." In American Medical Schools and the Practice of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195041866.003.0029.
Full textAbstract:
The expansion of the functions of medical schools since mid-century has had many unanticipated and adverse consequences for medical education. As a result, medical schools have lost some of their societal support. In the years since 1900, medical schools have made major changes in their structure in order to solve specific educational problems. University hospitals were built to provide clinical training in hospitals that emphasized education and research rather than patient care. Full-time clinical faculty members were employed in order to professionalize a role previously occupied by part-time practitioner-educators. Biomedical research was undertaken to enable faculty members to advance medical knowledge and enhance their skills as educators. Internships and residencies became restricted to hospitals affiliated with medical schools to replace the poorly supervised practical experience provided in community hospitals with a more structured education administered by professional educators. Each of these changes assumed that medical schools could be removed from the hurly-burly of professional life and made to fit the model of the liberal arts college. This assumption failed to recognize the fundamental differences between the two types of institutions. In liberal arts education, the body of knowledge taught to students need not be suitable for practical application in the community. In many fields, like most of the humanities, it has rarely been used outside of institutions of higher education. In others, like the social sciences, the knowledge has been sufficiently tentative that its direct application has been problematic. In still others, like most natural sciences, the knowledge has been so highly specialized that it could not provide a basis for viable careers. As a result, most faculty members in the liberal arts and sciences have spent their careers in teaching and research without the option of nonacademic employment in their disciplines. Medical schools, on the other hand, have continually influenced and been influenced by the practice of medicine in the community. The knowledge taught in medical schools has affected the way that physicians have practiced medicine, but it has also been tested by practitioners and fed back to the faculty for modification and refinement.