Journal articles on the topic 'Expanding knowledge in engineering'
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Brenner, Brian. "Learning the Expanding Body of Knowledge." Leadership and Management in Engineering 6, no. 3 (July 2006): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1532-6748(2006)6:3(135).
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Shan, Hongxia. "Knowledge ‘transfer’ as sociocultural and sociomaterial practice: Immigrants expanding engineering practices in Canada." European Journal for Research on the Education and Learning of Adults 11, no. 3 (August 20, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/rela.2000-7426.ojs1476.
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de la Garza, Jesus M. "Expanding the Body of Knowledge: A World View." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 138, no. 2 (February 2012): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000506.
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Ye, Yunwen, Yasuhiro Yamamoto, and Kumiyo Nakakoji. "Expanding the knowing capability of software developers through knowledge collaboration." International Journal of Technology, Policy and Management 8, no. 1 (2008): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtpm.2008.016180.
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Noor, Ahmed. "Re-Engineering Healthcare." Mechanical Engineering 129, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2007-nov-1.
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This article reviews a system that is in need of repair in the United States, and engineers are uniquely equipped to help fix it. Although the expenditure per capita on healthcare in the United States is higher than in any other country, the current US healthcare system cannot be sustained, and major improvements are needed. Lives unnecessarily lost each year in the United States due to medical errors are estimated to be as high as 98,000 and injuries over a million. The healthcare system is currently facing many problems and challenges, including rapid changes in medical technology and practice, severe shortages in skilled healthcare workers, and an aging population with increased incidence of disease and disability. The cyber infrastructure will facilitate technology-based, distributed delivery of health services, as well as training and lifelong learning for healthcare workers. It can evolve into an electronic care continuum with pervasive access to global, accurate, and timely medical knowledge for individuals about their health needs in an era of rapid change and expanding knowledge.
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de la Garza, Jesús M. "Adapting Our Journal to a Rapidly Expanding Body of Knowledge." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 138, no. 3 (March 2012): 309–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000514.
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Loewy, Joanne V., and Ralph Spintge. "Music and Medicine in the Age of Singularity and Intuitivity." Music and Medicine 10, no. 1 (January 25, 2018): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v10i1.599.
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Artificial Intelligence has been gaining momentum, causing a significant stir in our expanding world of global technology. The accelerated rate of growth in the engineering of knowledge cannot be denied, and has resulted in division amongst scientists, bio-engineers and industry developers for a variety reasons...
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Mantulenko, V. V., and D. V. Aleshkova. "ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF FUNCTIONING AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN RUSSIA." Vestnik of Samara State University of Economics 7, no. 201 (July 2021): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/1993-0453-2021-7-201-43-48.
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The article investigates the economic aspects of the functioning and development of engineering education in Russia. The relevance of this issue is determined by the active innovative development of our society, in accordance with global trends, as well as the requirements for graduates of engineering specialties. Innovative development is impossible without modernization of engineering education as one of the main components of innovation processes. All this has a significant impact on the economic development of the country and its position on the world market. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to study functioning conditions of engineering education in Russia. The analysis has shown the relevance of a comprehensive study of the engineering education development, which is confirmed by the geography of scientific publications. In the course of the study, the authors identified the following development areas of engineering education in Russia: using the knowledge and experience of the old school personnel to update educational programs, expanding the area of interests of engineering education in the country, focusing on retaining scientific and practical personnel in the country and, as a result, forming a personnel reserve, expanding student exchange programs and using existing laboratories and centers to exchange experience and use it in practical tasks to improve the quality of the educational process.
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Young, J. Francis. "Research on Cement-Based Materials: Expanding Our Horizons." MRS Bulletin 18, no. 3 (March 1993): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400043876.
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Concrete is the most widely used man-made product; in the United States we use about two tons per year per person. It has been estimated that the replacement value of concrete structures is over six trillion dollars, and that over one trillion dollars needs to be spent in the repair and rehabilitation of these structures over a 20-year period. By contrast, the resources devoted to the materials issues of the industry have been meager. This neglect may in part explain why the development of the science of cementitious materials had lagged behind that of other materials. The situation has been changing rapidly in recent years, however, and the articles in this issue have been selected to illustrate some of the advances that are being made.One key to the resurgence in research in cement-based materials is the realization of the pressing need to upgrade our deteriorating infrastructure. Another is the realization that a materials science and engineering approach is needed to provide a solid knowledge base to underpin new technologies. Chemistry took us a long way in the 1950s and 1960s, but an appreciation of how chemistry and processing could combine to create desirable micro-structures that would achieve desirable bulk properties came much later. It is significant that, with the noticeable exception of the Pennsylvania State University, cement research in universities in the United States previously was funded through civil engineering departments. Similarly, in Europe and Japan, research was conducted primarily in engineering faculties, although there were programs in a few chemistry departments. Now, however, on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, research groups are well established in materials science departments. It is noteworthy that on an NSF Science and Technology Center devoted to advanced cement-based materials is funded through the Division of Materials Research.
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Carayol, Nicolas. "Modeling creation vs. diffusion of structured knowledge." Advances in Complex Systems 03, no. 01n04 (January 2000): 353–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021952590000025x.
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The paper is mainly dealing with the dilemma between knowledge creation incentives and knowledge diffusion. Knowledge is modeled as a structure, which is expanding through agents' creation behaviors, and becomes "locally" available to other agents once it is disclosed. An agent taken randomly at each period of the discrete time is choosing between the acquisition of an accessible piece of knowledge and the creation of one. Knowledge value being a decreasing function of the number of agents sharing it, a higher (exogenous and tunable) rate of disclosure decreases the incentives to create (in increasing the diffusion speed). Using simulations, we show that there is, for each set of values of the different parameters, a non null optimal rate of disclosure (maximizing the collective performances of the set of agents) and discuss the effect of some of the structural parameters on it.
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Thormann, Verena, Laura V. Glaser, Maika C. Rothkegel, Marina Borschiwer, Melissa Bothe, Alisa Fuchs, and Sebastiaan H. Meijsing. "Expanding the repertoire of glucocorticoid receptor target genes by engineering genomic response elements." Life Science Alliance 2, no. 2 (March 13, 2019): e201800283. http://dx.doi.org/10.26508/lsa.201800283.
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The glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a hormone-activated transcription factor, binds to a myriad of genomic binding sites yet seems to regulate a much smaller number of genes. Genome-wide analysis of GR binding and gene regulation has shown that the likelihood of GR-dependent regulation increases with decreased distance of its binding to the transcriptional start site of a gene. To test if we can adopt this knowledge to expand the repertoire of GR target genes, we used CRISPR/Cas-mediated homology-directed repair to add a single GR-binding site directly upstream of the transcriptional start site of each of four genes. To our surprise, we found that the addition of a single GR-binding site can be enough to convert a gene into a GR target. The gain of GR-dependent regulation was observed for two of four genes analyzed and coincided with acquired GR binding at the introduced binding site. However, the gene-specific gain of GR-dependent regulation could not be explained by obvious differences in chromatin accessibility between converted genes and their non-converted counterparts. Furthermore, by introducing GR-binding sequences with different nucleotide compositions, we show that activation can be facilitated by distinct sequences without obvious differences in activity between the GR-binding sequence variants we tested. The approach to use genome engineering to build genomic response elements facilitates the generation of cell lines with tailored repertoires of GR-responsive genes and a framework to test and refine our understanding of the cis-regulatory logic of gene regulation by testing if engineered response elements behave as predicted.
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Szykman, Simon, Ram D. Sriram, and William C. Regli. "The Role of Knowledge in Next-generation Product Development Systems." Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering 1, no. 1 (November 1, 2000): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1344238.
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Information technology has played an increasingly important role in engineering product development. Its influence over the past decade has been accelerating and its impact in the coming decade will undoubtedly be immense. This paper surveys several research areas relating to knowledge representation, capture and retrieval, which will have a growing influence on product development. Each of these areas could, on its own, provide sufficient material for an entire survey paper. Unlike traditional survey papers, this paper does not attempt to provide a comprehensive review of a field of research from its inception to the present. Rather, this paper aims to touch on a representative selection of recent developments in these influential technical areas. The paper provides perspectives into the kinds of technologies that are emerging from rapidly expanding fields of research, and discusses challenges that must be overcome to enable transition of these technologies into industry practice to support the next generation of product development software tools.
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Bowyer, E. C., V. Stephenson, W. Hawkins, and T. Ibell. "New Angles for Adaptive Building Reuse Research." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1078, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1078/1/012022.
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Abstract This paper seeks to establish the current state of research into adaptive building reuse with the view to highlighting new approaches and opportunities for expanding the collective knowledge on this subject. This approach focuses on appraisal and evaluation of current methods by looking through a structural engineering lens and considering the most beneficial options in terms of reducing additional embodied carbon intensity in our built environment.
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Qiao, Hua. "Study of Digital Technology Application in Highway Measurement." Urban Transportation & Construction 2 (December 1, 2015): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/utc.v2i1.3.
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<p>The digital surveying and mapping technology is widely used in engineering survey. The digital surveying and mapping technology keeps updating and improving along with the progress of science and technology and creates more contributions in engineering survey. The survey staffs shall keep studying and expanding their knowledge to improve their professional capability to serve our country better in surveying area. The author studied the application of digital surveying and mapping technology in highway measurement along with years of experience. This article is an important source of reference.</p>
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KOGUT, PAUL, STEPHEN CRANEFIELD, LEWIS HART, MARK DUTRA, KENNETH BACLAWSKI, MIECZYSLAW KOKAR, and JEFFREY SMITH. "UML for ontology development." Knowledge Engineering Review 17, no. 1 (March 2002): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888902000358.
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Ontologies are becoming increasingly important because they provide the critical semantic foundation for many rapidly expanding technologies such as software agents, e-commerce and knowledge management (McGuinness, 2002). The Unified Modelling Language (UML)1 has been widely adopted by the software engineering community and its scope is broadening to include more diverse modelling tasks. This paper discusses the recent convergence of UML and ontologies and suggests some possible future directions.
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Čučaković, Aleksandar, and Biljana Jović. "Constructive geometry education by contemporary technologies." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 3, no. 3 (2011): 164–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1102164c.
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Contemporary technological development (CAD/CAM/CAE, VR, AR, MR) made conventional methods of Descriptive and Constructive Geometry uncompleted. Application and use of new technologies in Constructive geometry requires educational process with the aim to have complete knowledge of all fields that belong to this area. The aspect and results research shows that knowledge acquired in this way by using new technology, develops students' skills that are very important in senior years of studies, particularly in the field of engineering design. Interactive dynamic 3D geometry could not be achieved by conventional ways of studying. The use of modern technology should enable expanding the fields of research as well as preservation of the theoretical knowledge of descriptive geometry.
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Chakraborty, Ashok, Smita Guha, and Prabir Patra. "Nanotechnology and Global Applications: Bench to Community." Journal of Biology and Life Science 11, no. 2 (September 28, 2020): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v11i2.17617.
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Advances in nanotechnology has become enormously promising in the field of health science, in developing many medical equipment. The possible effects of novel nanomedical technology significantly improve the diagnosis and therapeutic aspects of many diseases. Nanomaterials are being applied in operation, disease diagnosis as well as therapy, molecular imaging, implant technology, tissue engineering, as well as a device for efficient drug delivery, protein and gene release. In this review we discussed the utility of nanoscience in health issues, and the knowledge from there how can be disseminated to the educators and parents for expanding STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) programs.
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Mittelstadt, Daniel, Robert Paasch, and Bruce D’Ambrosio. "Application of a Bayesian network to integrated circuit tester diagnosis." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 9, no. 1 (January 1995): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400002080.
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AbstractResearch efforts to implement a Bayesian belief-network-based expert system to solve a real-world diagnostic problem – the diagnosis of integrated circuit (IC) testing machines – are described. The development of several models of the IC tester diagnostic problem in belief networks also is described, the implementation of one of these models using symbolic probabilistic inference (SPI) is outlined, and the difficulties and advantages encountered are discussed. It was observed that modeling with interdependencies in belief networks simplifies the knowledge engineering task for the IC tester diagnosis problem, by avoiding procedural knowledge and focusing on the diagnostic component’s interdependencies. Several general model frameworks evolved through knowledge engineering to capture diagnostic expertise that facilitated expanding and modifying the networks. However, model implementation was restricted to a small portion of the modeling, that of contact resistance failures, which were due to time limitations and inefficiencies in the prototype inference software we used. Further research is recommended to refine existing methods, in order to speed evaluation of the models created in this research. With this accomplished, a more complete diagnosis can be achieved.
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Choriyevich, Yarmatov Sharofiddin. "Human Capital as an Important Factor in Shaping an Innovative Economy." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38746.
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Annotation: There is a strong correlation between human capital and economic growth. Human capital influences economic growth and helps people develop the economy by expanding their knowledge and skills. This article discusses the role of human capital in shaping the economy. Keywords: innovative economy, human capital, developing process
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MAZUREK-ŁOPACIŃSKA, Krystyna, and Magdalena SOBOCIŃSKA. "CREATING MARKETING KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE CONSUMER IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNET TOOLS." Applied Computer Science 13, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/acs-2017-24.
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The aim of the article is to present marketing knowledge about the consumer as an enterprise resource and the role of marketing research in expanding it in the context of progressive virtualization of social life and the development of Internet tools. The current article was written on the basis of an in-depth literature study and an analysis of the selected results of quantitative research conducted in 2013 on a sample of 152 enterprises.
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Xu, Na, Bo Zhang, Tiantian Gu, Jie Li, and Li Wang. "Expanding Domain Knowledge Elements for Metro Construction Safety Risk Management Using a Co-Occurrence-Based Pathfinding Approach." Buildings 12, no. 10 (September 22, 2022): 1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101510.
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Knowledge is a contribution factor leading to more effective and efficient construction safety management. Metro construction practitioners always find it difficult to determine what specialized knowledge is needed in order to lead to better safety risk management. Currently, domain knowledge elements are generally determined by experts, which is coarse-grained and uncomprehensive. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a structure of domain knowledge elements, using an automatic approach to expand domain knowledge elements (DKEs) from a big dataset of unstructured text documents. First, the co-word co-occurrence network (CCN) was used to find the connected knowledge elements, and then the association rule mining (ARM) was compiled to prune the weakly related subnetworks, leaving the strong associated elements. Finally, a list of DKEs in the metro construction safety risk management was obtained. The result shows that the obtained DKEs are more comprehensive and valuable compared to previous studies. The proposed approach provides an automatic way to expand DKEs from a small amount of known knowledge, minimizing the expert bias. This study also contributes to building a fine-grained knowledge structure for metro construction safety risk management. The structure can be used to guide safety training and help knowledge-based safety risk management.
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Cheung, Alan C. K. "Developing Pre-Service Science Teachers’ Entrepreneurship Mindsets." Science Insights Education Frontiers 11, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 1523–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15354/sief.v11i2.737.
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The demand for knowledge in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is expanding as the twenty-first century progresses. Growing K-12 STEM education has risen to the top of the priority list in many countries’ educational reform efforts. Typical contexts for giving scientific instructions should be designed around engineering design-based thematic activities rather than the other way around. Teachers’ responsibilities as designers of design-based thematic activities would also present them with numerous chances for professional development and advancement. It is claimed that introducing entrepreneurship ideas into the engineering curriculum results in improved student satisfaction, longer professional careers, and a shift in attitudes toward engineering difficulties. It allows students to enjoy themselves more and draws their attention to the possibility of self-employment.
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Cheung, Alan C. K. "Developing Pre-Service Science Teachers’ Entrepreneurship Mindsets." Science Insights Education Frontiers 11, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 1523–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15354/sief.22.co011.
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The demand for knowledge in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is expanding as the twenty-first century progresses. Growing K-12 STEM education has risen to the top of the priority list in many countries’ educational reform efforts. Typical contexts for giving scientific instructions should be designed around engineering design-based thematic activities rather than the other way around. Teachers’ responsibilities as designers of design-based thematic activities would also present them with numerous chances for professional development and advancement. It is claimed that introducing entrepreneurship ideas into the engineering curriculum results in improved student satisfaction, longer professional careers, and a shift in attitudes toward engineering difficulties. It allows students to enjoy themselves more and draws their attention to the possibility of self-employment.
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Santhi, K. R., P. M. Rubesh Anand, and G. Senthil Kumaran. "Broadband Cordect: Technology for Building Knowledge Societies." Advanced Materials Research 18-19 (June 2007): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.18-19.125.
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The Internet has emerged in the last few years, not just as another communication means, but as sheer power and access to it provides access to a lot of information. Lack of access to internet will bring strong digital divide between rich and poor countries and also brings strong divide within the rural and urban communities of a country which in turn will affect the socio- economic development of a country. So there is a need for low-cost information technologies that are suitable to the conditions prevailing in a developing or third world country. Broadband CorDECT is one of the cost-effective fixed wireless broadband Access Solutions used for networking and building knowledge societies in a developing country. It is based on the DECT standard specification from the ETSI. It provides a complete wireless access solution for new and expanding telecommunication networks with seamless integration of both voice and internet services. It has been designed and specified to inter-work with many other types of network, such as the PSTN, ISDN, GSM and more. Broadband CorDECT provides the basic telecommunications as well as broadband Internet services and thus bridges the digital divide and such a service cannot be provided by any other product today in the world even double the cost. This paper discusses the relevance of broadband CorDECT in the context of current trends and provides a description of the technology.
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Finnegan, Lisa A., and Lisa A. Dieker. "Universal design for learning-representation and science content: a pathway to expanding knowledge, understanding, and written explanations." Science Activities 56, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00368121.2019.1638745.
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Sivayoham, E., R. Saunders, B. Derby, and T. Woolford. "Current concepts and advances in the application of tissue engineering in otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 127, no. 2 (December 7, 2012): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215112002642.
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AbstractObjective:This paper reviews the progress in the rapidly expanding scientific discipline of tissue engineering, which may have an integral role in the future of otorhinolaryngology. This article seeks to inform on the current concepts and principles of tissue engineering, and describe the state of the art research and developments in this exciting field as applied to ENT and head and neck surgery.Method:In order to carry out a comprehensive review of the literature spanning the past 30 years, a search of relevant publications was performed using the Web of Knowledge, Medline and PubMed databases.Results:This search identified 85 scholarly articles, which were utilised as the basis of this review.Conclusion:Given the current rate of development of tissue engineering research, it is likely that tissue-engineered implants will be widely used in surgical practice, including ENT and head and neck surgery.
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Cui, Wei, Bao Gang Zhao, Yang Liu, Si Yu Qian, Jia Ye, Hai Feng Yang, and Ya Jun Li. "A Research of CIM Model in Education Fields." Advanced Materials Research 267 (June 2011): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.267.64.
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This article has been supported by Chinese National Natural Science Fund in 2010, “Strategy research of using supply chain partner’s knowledge in enterprise knowledge creation process”, Project approving code: 71072124. It was also supported by Fund of Liaoning Province reform of higher education "Research of service outsourcing personnel training mode" in 2007, Fund of Dalian Science and Technology Plan "Research of ways expanding Dalian outsourcing service industry market" in 2008, Fund of Dalian Science and Technology Plan "Research of Dalian comprehensive prediction system of electric power and energy" in 2009, Fund of Chongqing Electric Power Corporation "Research of Chongqing comprehensive prediction system of electric power and energy" in 2008 and Project of Dalian Maritime University reform of graduate education and teaching “Construction of teaching content system of Management Science and Engineering based on the platform of motion and internet of things ” in 2010.
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Kai, Chieko, and Misako Yoneda. "Henipavirus Infections - An Expanding Zoonosis from Fruit Bats." Journal of Disaster Research 6, no. 4 (August 1, 2011): 390–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2011.p0390.
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The henipavirus genus has two members – the Hendra virus (HeV) and the Nipah virus (NiV). HeV and NiV, identified in the 1990s as a paramyxovirus, cause fatalities in humans and animals. They are now classified as biosafety level 4 pathogens. HeV caused fatal respiratory infection in horses and humans in Australia in 1994, in which 2 persons died. The first-known, largest NiV outbreak occurred on theMalay Peninsula in 1998, in pigs and humans. The human fatality rate was 40%, killing 105. To cope, the Malaysian government culled over 1 million pigs at huge economic loss. The natural virus reservoir, the fruit bat (Pteropus), inhabits areas from Australia, through South Asia to Africa. InMalaysia, NiV to humans was through pigs, and the reemergence has never observed after that. However, sporadic outbreaks of NiV are continuously occurring in Bangladesh and India, in some of which epidemics human mortality exceeds 75%. The transmission is directly from fruit bats to humans, and even human-to-human transmissions are found. To prevent the outbreaks, it is important to have an intense monitoring for these diseases, to accumulate basic knowledge about the viruses and the diseases, and to develop effective vaccines.
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Rao, Yongsheng, Lanxing Xie, Hao Guan, Jing Li, and Qixin Zhou. "A Method for Expanding Predicates and Rules in Automated Geometry Reasoning System." Mathematics 10, no. 7 (April 4, 2022): 1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10071177.
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Predicates and rules are usually enclosed as built-in functions in automated geometry reasoning systems, meaning users cannot add any predicate or rule, thus resulting in a limited reasoning capability of the systems. A method for expanding predicates and rules in automated geometry reasoning systems is, thus, proposed. Specifically, predicate and rule descriptions are transformed to knowledge trees and forests based on formal representations of geometric knowledge, and executable codes are dynamically and automatically generated by using “code templates”. Thus, a transformation from controlled natural language descriptions to mechanization algorithms is completed, and finally, the dynamic expansion of predicates and rules in the reasoning system is achieved. Moreover, the method has been implemented in an automated geometry reasoning system for Chinese college entrance examination questions, and the practicality and effectiveness of the method were tested. In conclusion, the enclosed setting, which is a shortcoming of traditional reasoning systems, is avoided, the user-defined dynamic expansion of predicates and rules is realized, the application scope of the reasoning system is extended, and the reasoning capability is improved.
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Noor, Ahmed K. "Training for the Next Wave." Mechanical Engineering 134, no. 03 (March 1, 2012): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2012-mar-2.
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This article focuses on various aspects of an ecosystem that can accelerate the training, which the engineering workforce needs to realize and sustain complex systems. Several science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) improvement and pilot academic engineering programs have been proposed to address some of the needs and challenges of the high-tech workforce. Companies have launched their own educational programs to address some of the reskilling and large-scale system integration needs of complex systems. A step towards the implementation of the comprehensive strategy is the development of Intelligent Cyber-Physical Engineering Ecosystems to advance collaboration among engineering and research institutions, industry, professional societies, and other stakeholders working on complex systems. The ecosystems will consist of large numbers of distributed interacting components that are continually updated and expanded. The ecosystems are expected to grow and to reach unanticipated levels of complexity because of the relations among the continually expanding individual components. The ecosystems are expected to provide knowledge-rich, immersive environments for integrating engineering practice with learning, training, and workforce development needed for complex systems.
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Gebashe, Fikisiwe C., Devashan Naidoo, Stephen O. Amoo, and Nqobile A. Masondo. "Cosmeceuticals: A Newly Expanding Industry in South Africa." Cosmetics 9, no. 4 (July 26, 2022): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics9040077.
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Africa is counted amongst the cosmetic market contributors; however, South Africa’s remarkable plant diversity is still largely untapped in terms of its potential for medicinal and cosmetic purposes. Thus, we aim to provide a critical assessment of the advancements made in South African cosmeceuticals with emphasis towards online local companies/brands that are manufactured by small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs). For the current study, we limited our search of herbal cosmeceutical products to SMMEs with online websites, or products traded in other online cosmetic directories such as ‘Faithful to Nature’ and ‘African Botanicals’ using a simple Google search. We recorded more than 50 South African SMME companies/brands involved in the trade of cosmeceuticals. Skin and hair care were the major product categories widely traded in these online platforms. Furthermore, few patents were recorded from South African researchers and institutions thereof, which is quite alarming considering the extensive research that has been undertaken to study these commercially valuable plants. Based on the increasing number of new products and the wide pool of economically important plants coupled to their associated rich indigenous knowledge systems, the cosmeceutical sector can contribute to the economy, job creation, entrepreneurship skills, socio-economic development and intellectual property generation.
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Strauss, Wolfgang, and Monika Fleischmann. "Artistic Practice as Construction and Cultivation of Knowledge Space." Leonardo 37, no. 2 (April 2004): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0024094041139229.
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This article presents the netzspannung.org Internet platform, a media laboratory on the Internet that not only collects high-quality information on digital culture and media production but also interlinks this information, contextualizes it and makes it available on-line as a constantly expanding knowledge space that, like a library, can be explored by the public as an interactive installation and an educational space. In the broadest sense, the aim of this project is to visualize and semantically network information to create “knowledge spaces” that can be explored interactively and in real time and that are accessible to the user through play. Technologies, online tools and intuitive interfaces are being developed that support communication between the digital and physical spaces and investigate new forms of knowledge acquisition as “knowledge-based arts.”
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Mishra, Deepti, Sofiya Ostrovska, and Tuna Hacaloglu. "Exploring and expanding students’ success in software testing." Information Technology & People 30, no. 4 (November 6, 2017): 927–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-06-2016-0129.
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Purpose Testing is one of the indispensable activities in software development and is being adopted as an independent course by software engineering (SE) departments at universities worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to carry out an investigation of the performance of learners about testing, given the tendencies in the industry and motivation caused by the unavailability of similar studies in software testing field. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on the data collected over three years (between 2012 and 2014) from students taking the software testing course. The course is included in the second year of undergraduate curriculum for the bachelor of engineering (SE). Findings It has been observed that, from the performance perspective, automated testing outperforms structural and functional testing techniques, and that a strong correlation exists among these three approaches. Moreover, a strong programming background does help toward further success in structural and automated testing, but has no effect on functional testing. The results of different teaching styles within the course are also presented together with an analysis exploring the relationship between students’ gender and success in the software testing course, revealing that there is no difference in terms of performance between male and female students in the course. Moreover, it is advisable to introduce teaching concepts one at a time because students find it difficult to grasp the ideas otherwise. Research limitations/implications These findings are based on the analysis conducted using three years of data collected while teaching a course in testing. Obviously, there are some limitations to this study. For example, student’s strength in programming is calculated using the score of C programming courses taken in previous year/semester. Such scores may not reflect their current level of programming knowledge. Furthermore, attempt was made to ensure that the exercises given for different testing techniques have similar difficulty level to guarantee that the difference in success between these testing techniques is due to the inherent complexity of the technique itself and not because of different exercises. Still, there is small probability that a certain degree of change in success may be due to the difference in the difficulty levels of the exercises. As such, it is obviously premature to consider the present results as final since there is a lack of similar type of studies, with which the authors can compare the results. Therefore, more work needs to be done in different settings to draw sound conclusions in this respect. Originality/value Although there are few studies (see e.g. Chan et al., 2005; Garousi and Zhi, 2013; Ng et al., 2004) exploring the preference of testers over distinct software testing techniques in the industry, there appears to be no paper comparing the preferences and performances of learners in terms of different testing techniques.
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Panchenko, Vladimir, Mariia Rushchyshyn, Tetiana Nemchenko, Tetiana Shtets, and Andrii Kalinin. "Modeling of the Assessment System of the Main Risks of Investing in Engineering Enterprises in the Conditions of the Development of the Knowledge Economy." International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering 12, no. 5 (November 30, 2022): 623–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsse.120511.
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The main purpose of the study is to form a theoretical and methodological model for assessing the risks of investing in engineering enterprises in the context of the development of the knowledge economy. To achieve this purpose, it was necessary to apply the modeling methodology through the use of elements of functional processes that are aimed at achieving the goals and objectives. The relevance of the research topic is given by the fact that today engineering enterprises are extremely sensitive to changes in the operating environment and require a high level of investment. According to the results of the study, we have formed a theoretical and methodological decomposition of a two-variant type of modeling of both external (those that do not directly relate to the enterprise but come from outside) and internal risks (those that arise within the enterprise). The study has limitations and, first of all, they relate to the narrow level of the practical application of the model. Its current state implies a theoretical presentation of the possibilities of informing investors about the state of external and internal risks in the activities of engineering enterprises. Further research will include expanding the modeling process and tasks.
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Alwersh, Mohammed. "Integration of FCA with Fuzzy logic : A survey." Multidiszciplináris tudományok 11, no. 5 (2021): 373–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35925/j.multi.2021.5.41.
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The theory of formal concept analysis(FCA), which was developed in the early 1980s (Ganter and Wille, 1999), has evolved into an effective technique for data analysis, knowledge discovery and information retrieval. The study on expanding the theory of FCA to deal with uncertain and imperfect data has made considerable progress in recent years. In this paper, we will introduce a survey of the research papers on integrating FCA with fuzzy logic. The key goal is to investigate and compare different fuzzy FCA approaches that have been proposed and to clarify relationships between these approaches, as well as we will introduce a survey of the research papers on employing FCA with fuzzy logic in knowledge discovery in databases and data mining, information retrieval and ontology engineering.
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Khatua, Somanjana, Swarnendu Chandra, and Krishnendu Acharya. "Expanding knowledge on Russula alatoreticula, a novel mushroom from tribal cuisine, with chemical and pharmaceutical relevance." Cytotechnology 71, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 245–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10616-018-0280-y.
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Rasetti-Escargueil, Christine, and Michel R. Popoff. "Engineering Botulinum Neurotoxins for Enhanced Therapeutic Applications and Vaccine Development." Toxins 13, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13010001.
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Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) show increasing therapeutic applications ranging from treatment of locally paralyzed muscles to cosmetic benefits. At first, in the 1970s, BoNT was used for the treatment of strabismus, however, nowadays, BoNT has multiple medical applications including the treatment of muscle hyperactivity such as strabismus, dystonia, movement disorders, hemifacial spasm, essential tremor, tics, cervical dystonia, cerebral palsy, as well as secretory disorders (hyperhidrosis, sialorrhea) and pain syndromes such as chronic migraine. This review summarizes current knowledge related to engineering of botulinum toxins, with particular emphasis on their potential therapeutic applications for pain management and for retargeting to non-neuronal tissues. Advances in molecular biology have resulted in generating modified BoNTs with the potential to act in a variety of disorders, however, in addition to the modifications of well characterized toxinotypes, the diversity of the wild type BoNT toxinotypes or subtypes, provides the basis for innovative BoNT-based therapeutics and research tools. This expanding BoNT superfamily forms the foundation for new toxins candidates in a wider range of therapeutic options.
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Savitri, Ayu Ida, and Wiwiek Sundari. "Developing Self-Learning Habit and Building Self Confidence by Integrating TBLT in Listening and Speaking Activities." PAROLE: Journal of Linguistics and Education 11, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/parole.v11i1.10-20.
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A common problem related to Teaching English as Foreign Language (TEFL) in an expanding circle country like Indonesia is students were accustomed to passively follow what the teacher told them to do. Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) is an effective method to let students develop their knowledge and creativity by learning the materials with their peers. It develops students’ self-learning habit that is beneficial for them to expand their knowledge, improve their competence and build their self-confidence as they were proud of their self-achievement. This research shows the integration of TBLT into listening and speaking class for second-grade students of State Vocational Senior Highschool, Central Java, majoring in electrical power engineering to fulfill their need as a technician with certain adaptations to suit the custom without decreasing its function and effectiveness
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Gorzeń-Mitka, Iwona. "THE EVOLUTION OF RISK MANAGEMENT RESEARCH: CHANGES IN KNOWLEDGE MAPS." Problems of Management in the 21st Century 12, no. 2 (December 15, 2017): 106–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/10.33225/pmc/17.12.106.
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One of the leading trends in modern academic research is risk management. Over the years, the approach to risk management has changed and affected many different areas. This study aims to investigate changes in risk management and trends of risk management in the past 20 years. Risk management related publications from 1990 to 2016 were retrieved from the Web of Science and Scopus databases. VOS viewer software was used to analyse the research trend. Literature growth related to risk management is expanding rapidly. Significantly more publications related to risk management aspects were collected in Scopus, compared to the Web of Science. Since 2005 is to be noted a significantly increasing interest in risk management problems (nearly 5300 publications by year in Scopus database). Risk management problems mainly appearing in publications related to the fields of Medicine and Engineering, Business, Management and Accounting, Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Computer Science and Environmental Science. In Business, Management and Accounting a significant jump in the interest in the issues of risk management was noted in 2011. Recent studies focus on the enterprise risk management, environmental and industry management innovation in strong connection with risk assessment. The enterprise risk management associated with environmental and sustainable perspective may be the newest topics that should be closely followed in risk management research. Keywords: risk management, knowledge maps, network analysis.
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Mufti, Aftab A. "Restoration and structural health monitoring of Manitoba's Golden Boy." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 30, no. 6 (December 1, 2003): 1123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l03-073.
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Although bridges were among the first civil engineering structures to use structural health monitoring (SHM) technologies, research is now expanding to explore other types of applications, including Manitoba's famous Golden Boy statue. Global research is identifying the value of using SHM technologies for civil engineering applications. Structural health monitoring uses a variety of sensors to gather information about the behaviour of a structure. The information creates a valuable knowledge base that can be analyzed to help identify potential structural risks, develop safer and more efficient new structures, and determine more effective ways to rehabilitate existing structures. This paper briefly describes the history of the Manitoba Legislative Building and the Golden Boy and also the use of SHM technologies to help preserve the Golden Boy statue, an icon of provincial heritage.Key words: history, Golden Boy, statue, sculptors, architects, engineers, shaft, corrosion, sensors, monitoring.
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Zein, Sany R., and Frank Navin. "Road Safety Engineering: Role for Insurance Companies?" Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1734, no. 1 (January 2000): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1734-02.
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Over the last 10 years there has been a growing trend among automobile insurance companies to become involved in road safety engineering programs. While the involvement of insurance companies in driver education and vehicle design initiatives is common, insurance company initiatives aimed at the engineering element of road safety is a relatively new trend. This research summarizes the major road safety engineering programs undertaken by six insurance companies in Australia, Canada, and the United States, and presents some of the results achieved. The research finds that the immediacy of the benefit derived from road safety engineering improvements, coupled with an expanding knowledge base in this field, are contributing to the growth in interest in road safety among insurance companies. The financial interest of insurance companies in reducing crash frequencies and severities, as well as any related positive public image that road safety advocacy can generate, will likely mean that more insurance companies will be exploring avenues for participation in road safety programs. Opportunities exist for cooperation between the insurance industry and transportation engineers, and they should be pursued for mutual benefit. Although the ultimate responsibility and authority for roads should remain with public agencies, the incentive and emphasis that insurance companies place on road safety provide a unique opportunity to help reduce the daily risks that we face in a mobile world.
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Sobaih, Abu Elnasr E., and Ibrahim A. Elshaer. "Risk-Taking, Financial Knowledge, and Risky Investment Intention: Expanding Theory of Planned Behavior Using a Moderating-Mediating Model." Mathematics 11, no. 2 (January 14, 2023): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11020453.
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This research examines the impact of financial knowledge on risky investment intention via the lens of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The research developed a comprehensive model to test the mediation effect of the three TPB antecedents on the link between financial knowledge and risky investment intention. The research investigates the moderating effect of risk-taking on the link between three TPB constructs and risky investment intention. For these purposes, we used a pre-tested survey, was directed to senior university students in public universities in Saudi Arabia. The findings of SmartPLS showed a significant positive influence of financial knowledge on attitudes towards risky investment, subjective norms (SNs), and perceived behavioral control (PBC). Both SNs and PBC have a significant positive influence on risky investment intention. Nonetheless, the personal attitude of students failed to have a significant direct or mediating influence on risky investment intention. Additionally, risk-taking did not have a moderating effect on the link between personal attitude and risky investment intention. Students belong to a risk-adverse culture, which could justify the insignificant impact of their personal attitudes on risky investment intention. On the other side, SNs and PBC have a mediating effect on the link between financial knowledge and risky investment intention. Risk-taking has a moderating effect on the link between SNs, PBC, and risky investment intention. The research extends the use of TPB by validating its assumptions about driving the investment intention of university graduates.
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Zulkiflee, Izzat, and Mh Busra Fauzi. "Gelatin-Polyvinyl Alcohol Film for Tissue Engineering: A Concise Review." Biomedicines 9, no. 8 (August 9, 2021): 979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9080979.
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The field of biomaterials has been steadily expanding as a large number of pharmaceutical and manufacturing companies invest in research in order to commercialize biomaterial products. Various three-dimensional biomaterials have been explored including film, hydrogel, sponge, microspheres etc., depending on different applications. Thus, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are widely used as a natural- and synthetic-based biomaterial, respectively, for tissue engineering and clinical settings. The combination of these materials has proven its synergistic effects in wound-healing applications. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the hybrid gelatin and PVA thin film development and evaluate its potential characteristics for tissue engineering applications from existing published evidence (within year 2010–2020). The primary key factor for polymers mixing technology might improve the quality and the efficacy of the intended polymers. This review provides a concise overview of the current knowledge for hybrid gelatin and PVA with the method of fabricating and mixing technology into thin films. Additionally, the findings guided to an optimal fabrication method and scrutinised characterisation parameters of fabricated gelatin-PVA thin film. In conclusion, hybrid gelatin-PVA thin film has higher potential as a treatment for various biomedical and clinical applications.
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McGill, Craig M., Wendy Schindler, Keira Solon, Sean T. Bridgen, and Sarah A. Mathews. "An Exploration of Graduate Education in Academic Advising: A Case Study Analysis." NACADA Journal 42, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12930/nacada-22-05.
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As a field's literature base deepens, an academic discipline can emerge and lead to the development of a profession. For an academic discipline to thrive, new scholars must be trained in its specialized knowledge. Kansas State University was the first institution to offer graduate programs in academic advising. Subsequently, other graduate programs have been developed at various institutions across North America. The purpose of this collective case study is to examine graduate education in academic advising through two separate but related cases: an interview study of NACADA leaders and a content analysis of graduate programs in academic advising. The growth in graduate programs, along with the expanding knowledge base, will strengthen academic advising's potential as a bonified, recognized academic discipline.
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Griffith, Daniel A. "Articulating Spatial Statistics and Spatial Optimization Relationships: Expanding the Relevance of Statistics." Stats 4, no. 4 (October 19, 2021): 850–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/stats4040050.
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Both historically and in terms of practiced academic organization, the anticipation should be that a flourishing synergistic interface exists between statistics and operations research in general, and between spatial statistics/econometrics and spatial optimization in particular. Unfortunately, for the most part, this expectation is false. The purpose of this paper is to address this existential missing link by focusing on the beneficial contributions of spatial statistics to spatial optimization, via spatial autocorrelation (i.e., dis/similar attribute values tend to cluster together on a map), in order to encourage considerably more future collaboration and interaction between contributors to their two parent bodies of knowledge. The key basic statistical concept in this pursuit is the median in its bivariate form, with special reference to the global and to sets of regional spatial medians. One-dimensional examples illustrate situations that the narrative then extends to two-dimensional illustrations, which, in turn, connects these treatments to the spatial statistics centrography theme. Because of computational time constraints (reported results include some for timing experiments), the summarized analysis restricts attention to problems involving one global and two or three regional spatial medians. The fundamental and foundational spatial, statistical, conceptual tool employed here is spatial autocorrelation: geographically informed sampling designs—which acknowledge a non-random mixture of geographic demand weight values that manifests itself as local, homogeneous, spatial clusters of these values—can help spatial optimization techniques determine the spatial optima, at least for location-allocation problems. A valuable discovery by this study is that existing but ignored spatial autocorrelation latent in georeferenced demand point weights undermines spatial optimization algorithms. All in all, this paper should help initiate a dissipation of the existing isolation between statistics and operations research, hopefully inspiring substantially more collaborative work by their professionals in the future.
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Nguyen, Long H. B., Viet H. Pham, and Dien Dinh. "Improving Neural Machine Translation with AMR Semantic Graphs." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (July 8, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9939389.
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The Seq2Seq model and its variants (ConvSeq2Seq and Transformer) emerge as a promising novel solution to the machine translation problem. However, these models only focus on exploiting knowledge from bilingual sentences without paying much attention to utilizing external linguistic knowledge sources such as semantic representations. Not only do semantic representations can help preserve meaning but they also minimize the data sparsity problem. However, to date, semantic information remains rarely integrated into machine translation models. In this study, we examine the effect of abstract meaning representation (AMR) semantic graphs in different machine translation models. Experimental results on the IWSLT15 English-Vietnamese dataset have proven the efficiency of the proposed model, expanding the use of external language knowledge sources to significantly improve the performance of machine translation models, especially in the application of low-resource language pairs.
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Batalha, Laís S., Pedro Marcus P. Vidigal, Marco Túllio P. Gontijo, and Monique R. Eller. "Expanding the genomes insight of Streptococcus thermophilus phages through a multifaceted approach." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 10 (July 30, 2022): e273111032693. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i10.32693.
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Viruses have complex evolutionary relationships, and several strategies have been used in an attempt to classify the phages that infect S. thermophilus. In this study, we used a wide range of complementary methods, including comparative genomics, core genome analysis, and signature genes phylogenetics, to show that the S. thermophilus phages are organized into 142 species and five genera (three of them new) and that due to their genetic diversity, the classification at family level varies according to the classification criteria used. No significantly conserved genes were identified among the 183 genomes evaluated. However, the genes encoding holin protein were conserved in more than 95% of genomes. The holins analysis suggests that at least two α-helix are required for protein function within S. thermophilus phages. This study expanded the of knowledge about the genetic diversity and evolution of streptococcal phages, both fundamental to promoting control strategies and minimizing failures in milk fermentation processes.
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Mackinnon, Lee. "Toward an Algorithmic Realism: The Evolving Nature of Astronomical Knowledge in Representations of the Non-Visible." Leonardo 47, no. 3 (June 2014): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_00764.
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This paper explores the gathering of radio, optical and electromagnetic wavelength data in assembling images of the Crab Nebula (1844–2000). The author considers the expanding fields of astronomical and astrophysical knowledge to which such data analysis has given rise. She suggests that the data that makes such imaging possible moves us further from conventions of the optical real toward an algorithmic realism, alluding to time-scales that delimit and circumvent human time. Thus Cartesian metaphysics is displaced—the human becomes one agent among many in a process of algorithmic inference.
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Daghfous, Abdelkader, and Norita Ahmad. "User development through proactive knowledge transfer." Industrial Management & Data Systems 115, no. 1 (February 2, 2015): 158–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-07-2014-0202.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the concept of user development which consists of proactively transferring knowledge to potential users of IT innovations in order to increase the likelihood of innovation adoption and diffusion. Design/methodology/approach – An exploratory approach was adopted using three case organizations representing different sectors. These organizations represent the public, the semi-government, and the private sectors. Findings – The findings show that proactive knowledge transfer builds the requisite absorptive capacity of users to understand, adopt new and complex systems and technologies, and effectively integrate them into their organizations, hence increasing their likelihood of adopting such innovations. The findings also show that effective user development hinges on proper selection of potential users and on goals alignment between the innovating firm and the selected users. Research limitations/implications – The framework could be further refined through more diverse case studies from a broader range of companies. Survey-based investigations are also needed to operationalize the constructs and explore its effects on the performance of the innovating firm. In practice, innovation managers should be more proactive by recognizing the value of knowledge transfer when it comes to expanding and accelerating the adoption and diffusion of their innovations. Originality/value – This paper illustrates the importance of proactive knowledge transfer, especially in situation that call for absorptive capacity building. This paper also opens new opportunities for innovation managers to sell their innovations faster and to a wider market, and perhaps even altering the trajectory of particular innovations.
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Xu, Xiaoyun, Jingzheng Wu, Mutian Yang, Tianyue Luo, Qianru Meng, Weiheng Li, and Yanjun Wu. "AI-CTO: Knowledge graph for automated and dependable software stack solution." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 799–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-200899.
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As the scale of software systems continues expanding, software architecture is receiving more and more attention as the blueprint for the complex software system. An outstanding architecture requires a lot of professional experience and expertise. In current practice, architects try to find solutions manually, which is time-consuming and error-prone because of the knowledge barrier between newcomers and experienced architects. The problem can be solved by easing the process of apply experience from prominent architects. To this end, this paper proposes a novel graph-embedding-based method, AI-CTO, to automatically suggest software stack solutions according to the knowledge and experience of prominent architects. Firstly, AI-CTO converts existing industry experience to knowledge, i.e., knowledge graph. Secondly, the knowledge graph is embedded in a low-dimensional vector space. Then, the entity vectors are used to predict valuable software stack solutions by an SVM model. We evaluate AI-CTO with two case studies and compare its solutions with the software stacks of large companies. The experiment results show that AI-CTO can find effective and correct stack solutions and it outperforms other baseline methods.