Academic literature on the topic 'Expanding knowledge in economics'
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Journal articles on the topic "Expanding knowledge in economics"
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Chuang, Elizabeth. "Expanding Medical Student and Resident Knowledge of Health Economics, Policy, and Management." Academic Medicine 86, no. 11 (November 2011): e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/acm.0b013e318231e122.
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Belitski, Maksim, and Keith Heron. "Expanding entrepreneurship education ecosystems." Journal of Management Development 36, no. 2 (March 6, 2017): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-06-2016-0121.
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Purpose The creation of start-ups using knowledge provided by universities has been identified as an important source of knowledge spillover and regional economic development. Entrepreneurship ecosystems in education have become the most important and efficient mechanism of business community engagement and knowledge transfer within university-industry-government framework creating value to society and regional economy. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This study undertakes in-depth synthesis of eclectic literature on entrepreneurship ecosystems and knowledge spillover of entrepreneurship, examining the critical success factors and enablers of entrepreneurship ecosystems in education. Findings This study proposes entrepreneurship education ecosystems as an alternative unit of analysis when it comes to considering the role of university-industry-government collaboration in knowledge commercialization. The authors recommend key entrepreneurship education ecosystem enablers for knowledge commercialization and engagement with entrepreneurial communities. Originality/value The authors propose a framework for the creation of an entrepreneurship education ecosystem as a unit of analysis when considering the role of university-industry-government collaboration. It requires different approaches to teaching, research and business outreach, some of which have not yet been discovered or yet need to be created.
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Nidhi Tiwari. "Indian Higher Education Policy, Practice and Economics." Social Science Journal for Advanced Research 2, no. 4 (July 30, 2022): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.54741/ssjar.2.4.1.
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Education has a significant impact on economic growth since it boosts productivity and hence raises the country's gross domestic product. Higher education is becoming increasingly important in policymaking because of the growing value of knowledge in the growth process. Through its research and development (R&D) operations, higher education plays a significant role in the creation of new knowledge and in the utilisation of knowledge that has been developed elsewhere. In many countries, governments and individuals/households have been expanding their investments in higher education, which has resulted in massification and eventually universalization of higher education. However, the most difficult task is to keep the country competitive while still providing an inexpensive and high-quality education to people from all walks of life. As a result of the affordability issue, the public sector plays an increasingly important role in funding postsecondary education.
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Walshok, Mary Lindenstein. "Expanding Roles for US Research Universities in Economic Development." Industry and Higher Education 10, no. 3 (June 1996): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095042229601000302.
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In the USA, the responsibility for the development of new knowledge and the provision of advanced education and knowledge has remained very predominantly with the research universities. The author argues that it is important to recognize the value of basic science research and of social science studies which do not have an identifiable short-term application — studies in Serbo—Croat language and culture, for example, were of little tangible value in the 1970s but their existence and continuation have been more than justified in recent years. In this context, recognizing the central importance of knowledge in social and economic development and the universities as the main centres for this essential resource, the author examines how the research universities can best supply ‘knowledge linkages' and contribute to regional economic development, in terms of specific approaches and actions. While technology transfer programmes, science parks and applied degrees are all needed, universities have also to reaffirm the significance of their basic research and liberal arts programmes and at the same time to establish and develop linkages between a variety of academic programmes and a variety of constituencies within their regional communities.
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Nosenzo, Daniele, and Luise Görges. "Measuring Social Norms in Economics: Why It Is Important and How It Is Done." Analyse & Kritik 42, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 285–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auk-2020-0012.
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Abstract Experimental economics offers new tools for the measurement of social norms. In this article, we argue that these advances have the potential to promote our understanding of human behavior in fundamental ways, by expanding our knowledge beyond what we learn by simply observing human behavior. We highlight how these advancements can inform not only economic and social theory, but also policymaking.We then describe and critically assess three approaches used in economics to measure social norms. We conclude our overview with a list of recommendations to help empirical researchers choose among the different tools, depending on the nature and constraints of their research projects.
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Dinc, Yusuf. "Product development in Islamic finance and banking in secular economies." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 11, no. 9 (March 23, 2020): 1665–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-06-2019-0106.
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Purpose As the global paradigm in economics shifts, Islamic economics is attracting more attention as an alternative sector. The most common and most active institutional structure of Islamic economics is in the form of Islamic finance and banking. Islamic finance and banking have been the centre of innovation in many economies in recent years. In this regard, product development is a vital element in driving the success of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs). The product development of IFIs is one of the key elements of their overall economic performance. This study aims to fill the gap in the literature concerning the product development process of IFIs in secular economies. Design/methodology/approach Verily, product development is a complex process; it is likely that introducing specific models will be useful for expanding the activities of IFIs. In this study, contemporary source materials are used to develop this conceptual research. Findings It suggests two separate methodologies for the product development process of IFIs in secular economies to overhaul two criticised product-based problems. To the best of the author’s knowledge, it is the first attempt to model the product development process for IFIs in a secular economic setup. Originality/value Recently, this study is the first attempt for modelling product development in IFIs under secular economies. Advances in the field of Shari’ah-compliant product development is important for researchers and professional.
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Bloom, Nicholas, John Van Reenen, and Heidi Williams. "A Toolkit of Policies to Promote Innovation." Journal of Economic Perspectives 33, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 163–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.33.3.163.
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Economic theory suggests that market economies are likely to underprovide innovation because of the public good nature of knowledge. Empirical evidence from the United States and other advanced economies supports this idea. We summarize the pros and cons of different policy instruments for promoting innovation and provide a basic “toolkit” describing which policies are most effective according to our reading of the evidence. In the short run, R&D tax credits and direct public funding seem the most productive, but in the longer run, increasing the supply of human capital (for example, relaxing immigration rules or expanding university STEM admissions) is likely more effective.
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Scrieciu, S. Şerban, Nici Zimmermann, Zaid Chalabi, and Mike Davies. "Linking complexity economics and systems thinking, with illustrative discussions of urban sustainability." Cambridge Journal of Economics 45, no. 4 (June 16, 2021): 695–722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cje/beab017.
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Abstract The expanding research of complexity economics has been signalling its preference for a formal quantitative investigation of diverse interactions between heterogeneous agents at the lower, micro-level resulting in emergent, realistic socioeconomic dynamics at the higher, macro-level. However, there is scarcity in research that explicitly links complexity perspectives in economics with the systems thinking literature, despite these being highly compatible, with strong connections and common historical traces. We aim to address this gap by exploring commonalities and differences between the two bodies of knowledge, seen particularly through an economics lens. We argue for a hybrid approach, in that agent-based complexity perspectives in economics could more closely connect to two main systems thinking attributes: a macroscopic approach to analytically capturing the complex dynamics of systems, and an inter-subjective interpretivist dimension, when investigating complex social-economic order. Illustrative discussions of city sustainability are provided, with an emphasis on decarbonisation and residential energy demand aspects.
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Lundmark, Erik, Anna Krzeminska, and Dean A. Shepherd. "Images of Entrepreneurship: Exploring Root Metaphors and Expanding Upon Them." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 43, no. 1 (November 1, 2017): 138–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1042258717734369.
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Despite increasing recognition of the importance of metaphors to theory development, metaphors’ influence on entrepreneurship theorizing has been largely unexplored. This is problematic because a field’s metaphors shape its underlying assumptions. This study takes stock of the entrepreneurship field through its metaphors by analyzing a corpus of highly cited entrepreneurship articles. We identify and explain eight root metaphors for entrepreneurship—parenthood, mutagen, conduit of knowledge, method, mindset, networking, exploration, and politics—underpinning the mainstream of the field. We then extend and combine the metaphors to develop a research agenda for building on the metaphors and moving beyond them.
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Lynch, William T., and Ellsworth R. Fuhrman. "Recovering and Expanding the Normative: Marx and the New Sociology of Scientific Knowledge." Science, Technology, & Human Values 16, no. 2 (April 1991): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016224399101600206.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Expanding knowledge in economics"
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Ratute, Ashley. "Expanding social justice knowledge with sweatshop history." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2010. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1476340.
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Boyle, Melissa Ann. "Health and utilization effects of expanding public health insurance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32410.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 2005.Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis exploits a major overhaul in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs health care system to answer various questions about publicly-provided health care. The VA restructuring involved the adoption of a capitated payment system and treatment methods based on the managed care model. This reorganization was accompanied by a major expansion in the population eligible to receive VA care. Chapter one analyzes both the efficiency of providing public health care in a managed care setting and the effectiveness of expanding coverage to healthier and wealthier populations. I estimate that between 35 and 70 percent of new take-up of VA care was the result of individuals dropping private health insurance. While utilization of services increased, estimates indicate that the policy change did not result in net health improvements. Regions providing more care to healthier, newly-eligible veterans experienced bigger reductions in hospital care and larger increases in outpatient services for previously-eligible veterans. This shift away from specialty care may help to explain the aggregate health declines. Chapter two examines the impact of the introduction of a VA-sponsored drug benefit on Medicare-eligible veterans. Results suggest that a drug benefit does not result in changes in the quantity of drugs consumed, but does lead to an increase in spending and a shift in who pays for the prescriptions. The benefit appears to have a larger effect on lower-income individuals. Results also show suggestive evidence of positive health effects as a result of the drug benefit, an outcome which could be cost-saving in the long run.
(cont.) Chapter three utilizes the change in government health care coverage for veterans to test whether employer-provided insurance leads to inefficiencies in the labor market, and the degree to which such inefficiencies might be alleviated by expanding public health insurance programs. We examine the impact of health care coverage on labor force participation and retirement by comparing veterans and non-veterans before and after the VA expansion. Results indicate that workers are significantly more likely to cease working as a result of becoming eligible for public insurance, and are also more likely to move to part-time work.
by Melissa Ann Boyle.
Ph.D.
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Griffith, Alan. "Expanding knowledge and practice of construction management systems and procedures." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2006. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20163/.
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This submission is a highly focused collection of research-based and scholarly publications in the specialist field of Construction Management. Emphasis is placed on management systems and procedures involved in the procurement and production phases of the total building process. A coherent, original, independent and significant contribution to the advancement and application of knowledge has been made through applied research and dissemination of findings to academic peers, construction industry professionals and students in higher education. This has been achieved through: academic, professional and research-based textbooks; research monographs; refereed papers in learned journals; refereed papers to premier national and international conferences; and papers to foremost construction industry professional institutions. Textbooks have been published by Macmillan, Thomas-Telford in collaboration with the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), Longman and Palgrave with three commissioned by and contributing to the Chartered Institute of Building (CIOB) 'Education Framework' for construction industry. Peer-reviewed papers have been published by eminent journals based within the UK, North America, Australia, Hong Kong and China whilst refereed conference papers have been published both in the UK and internationally at leading research symposia. Among the refereed journal and conference papers presented, a number have merited prestigious awards reflecting "the outstanding contribution to research knowledge and communication within the construction industry" (ciob, 1988) and in recognition of "making a practical and lasting contribution towards the improvement of standards in building practice and education in building"(CIOB, 2004).This submission reflects a distinguished level of dissemination of applied research and scholarship over a twenty year period. The body of work presented has established a highly significant and authoritative contribution to the better understanding of construction management systems andprocedures. Furthermore, it has influenced, where applicable, thinking and practice within the subject field within research groups, higher education, the professions and the construction industry.
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Garza, Moreno Laura. "Expanding knowledge on Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae gilt acclimation, vaccination and genetic variability." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667223.
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Esta Tesis Doctoral está constituida por tres estudios. El primer estudio consistió en identificar las estrategias actuales de adaptación de la reposición frente M. hyopneumoniae utilizadas en las granjas porcinas de Europa. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se diseñó un cuestionario centrado en las diferentes características de la explotación, la reposición y el proceso de adaptación. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que la vacunación frente M. hyopneumoniae con múltiples dosis, fue la estrategia más utilizada, sola o en combinación con otros métodos, para la adaptación de la reposición frente a este patógeno en Europa. No obstante, el efecto de la vacunación de la reposición se desconocía. Para conocer el efecto de la vacunación de la reposición frente a M. hyopneumoniae, se evaluaron diferentes programas vacunales en el segundo estudio de esta Tesis. Para ello, se seleccionaron 180 cerdas negativas frente a M. hyopneumoniae en la unidad de adaptación de una granja positiva a M. hyopneumoniae y se distribuyeron según el programa vacunal en tres grupos: (A) cuatro dosis de una vacuna comercial contra M. hyopneumoniae a las 2, 4, 6 y 8 semanas tras la entrada (spe) en la adaptación, (B) dos dosis de vacuna a las 2 y 6, y dos inyecciones de solución salina tamponada con fosfato (PBS) a las 4 y 8 spe, y (C) cuatro dosis de PBS a los mismos tiempos. Los grupos vacunados (A y B) mostraron una proporción significativamente más baja de nulíparas excretoras y niveles de anticuerpos más elevados en comparación con el grupo no vacunado. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los protocolos de vacunación con cuatro o dos dosis en términos de excreción y niveles de anticuerpos Respecto a los lechones al destete, todos fueron negativos a M. hyopneumoniae por PCR en tiempo real, independientemente del programa de vacunación administrado a sus madres. Por otro lado, la proporción de lechones seropositivos y los niveles de anticuerpos fueron mayores en los lechones provenientes de los grupos vacunados. Este estudio demostró por primera vez que la vacunación de la reposición frente a M. hyopneumoniae puede ser una herramienta eficaz para reducir la presión de infección y la variabilidad de M. hyopneumoniae en lotes de reposición, así como proporcionar una inmunidad humoral a largo plazo para la reposición y sus lechones. El tercer estudio de esta Tesis tuvo como objetivo evaluar la variabilidad genética de M. hyopneumoniae en cerdos no vacunados y vacunados que presentaban lesiones pulmonares asociadas a M. hyopneumoniae en los mataderos. Asimismo, se evaluó la variabilidad genética de las vacunas comerciales frente a M. hyopneumoniae utilizadas en las granjas vacunadas. Para lograr este objetivo, se seleccionaron diez granjas de cerdos de engorde vacunadas y diez no vacunadas, positivas a M. hyopneumoniae. En el matadero, se evaluaron las lesiones pulmonares compatibles con M. hyopneumoniae de un lote por granja y se recogieron muestras de los tres pulmones con la lesión más extensa. Las muestras positivas a M. hyopneumoniae por PCR se genotiparon contando el número variable de repeticiones en tándem (del inglés, variable number of tandem repeats) en dos (P97, P146) o cuatro genes (P97, P146, H1 y H5) y se les asignó un perfil de tipificación (TP) de M. hyopneumoniae. Se detectó una elevada variabilidad entre granjas, mientras que la variabilidad dentro de las granjas fue limitada usando dos o cuatro genes. Curiosamente, Cuanto mayor fue el número de genes estudiados, mayor variabilidad. No obstante, se detectó un TP por pulmón y los TPs detectados en cerdos de granjas vacunadas fueron diferentes de la cepa vacunal utilizada en la granja.The present PhD Thesis consisted of three studies. The first study sought to identify the current gilt acclimation strategies against M. hyopneumoniae performed in European pig farms. To reach that goal, a questionnaire focused on different features of the recipient herd, incoming replacements and acclimation process, was designed. Obtained results indicated that the most common strategy used for M. hyopneumoniae gilt acclimation was vaccination based on multiple doses programs. However, the effect of such process was unknown. In order to know the effect of vaccination against M. hyopneumoniae during the acclimation period in gilts and their piglets, different gilt vaccination schedules were evaluated in the second study of this Thesis. One hundred-eighty gilts were distributed according to the vaccination program into three groups: (A) four doses of a commercial vaccine against M. hyopneumoniae at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks post entry (wpe) into acclimation unit, (B) two vaccine doses at 2 and 6, and two doses of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 4 and 8 wpe, and (C) four doses of PBS at the same time points. Vaccinated groups (A and B) showed significantly lower proportion of shedding gilts and higher levels of antibodies compared to the non-vaccinated group after acclimation. However, no significant differences in terms of shedding or levels of antibodies were found between vaccination programs with four or two doses. Sampled piglets at weaning were M. hyopneumoniae negative by real time PCR (rt-PCR) independently of gilt vaccination program administered. In contrast, the proportion of seropositive piglets and levels of antibodies were higher in those coming from vaccinated groups. The present work represents the first attempt to demonstrate that gilt vaccination against M. hyopneumoniae can be an effective tool to reduce the infectious pressure and bacterium variability into replacement batches, as well as provide a long-term humoral immunity to gilts and their offspring. The third study aimed to evaluate the M. hyopneumoniae genetic variability in non-vaccinated and vaccinated pigs showing M. hyopneumoniae-like lung lesions at slaughterhouses, as well as in the vaccines used in each vaccinated farm. To achieve this objective, ten vaccinated and ten non-vaccinated fattening farms positive to M. hyopneumoniae were selected. At slaughterhouse, M. hyopneumoniae-like lung lesions from one batch were scored and three lungs showing the most extensive lesion were collected per batch. Positive samples were genotyped by counting the variable number of tandem repeats of two (P97, P146) or four loci (P97, P146, H1 and H5), and a M. hyopneumoniae typing profile (TP) was assigned. High inter- and limited intra-farm M. hyopneumoniae genetic variability among non-vaccinated and vaccinated fattening farms in Spain using two and four loci. Interestingly, the higher the number of tested loci, the higher the variability. Despite this, only one TP was detected per sample and the TPs detected in pigs from vaccinated farms were different from the strain of the corresponding vaccine used. Furthermore, this study provides novel and interesting data for future discussion regarding the influence of the number of loci tested on the M. hyopneumoniae genetic variability.
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Lundkvist, Robert. "Expanding the use of contract inspections in construction : An approach to inter-project knowledge diffusion?" Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Byggkonstruktion och -produktion, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26285.
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This licentiate thesis presents a taxonomic approach to classification of defect information in construction projects. A conceptual model, based in a frame of reference consisting of the concepts of Continuous Improvement, Performance Measurement, Knowledge Management, as well as the current Quality Management regime of the industry helps to understand how the use of Contract Inspections can be developed towards facilitating inter-project knowledge diffusion and continuous improvement in construction.Three research questions were formulated:RQ I:How is information from inspection reports currently used?RQ II:How could information from inspection reports be utilised further?RQ III:How should information from inspection reports be structured and codified, to enable storage and future data analysis to facilitate continuous improvement?Qualitative as well as quantitative data has been collected in three different studies. In the first contractors were surveyed through a questionnaire about their use of different suggested experience feedback concepts, such as contract inspections. In the second other project participants than contractors was an interviewed, asking them how they use inspections and how the current usage could be extended. In the third study, a single case study about the inspection activities in one construction project, the purpose was to analyse the method and results of Pre- and Final Inspections. These results were interpreted through classification theory. It is further suggested how inspection data could be enhanced for the purpose of database storing, transforming, and easy access.The thesis concludes that both contractors and the other project roles currently use and view inspections as they are prompted in the General Conditions (AB 04), i.e. as an activity that document what defects there are for the contractor to rectify. Several companies have started to store inspection reports on project-dedicated servers, a routine that is thought to enhance the access to information to some extent. Several respondents have also introduced the compilation of defect statistics.Except automating the compiling of descriptive defect statistics, a system for managing inspection information, giving the widest access to the information about previously experienced defects, is expected to serve a Continuous Improvement process with input for identifying reoccurring problems in the production process. This system could as well be utilised for giving performance feedback to contractors and suppliers. Through continual surveying of the performance of current projects, the performance of the production process can be monitored. Based on the analysed reports, and the literature on taxonomy, the conclusions for RQ III identifies 15 different types of data tags, or types of information, that should be used as structure for the defects’ information: Unique Project Identifier, Unique Defect Identifier, Inspection Identifier, Responsibility, Defect Serial Number, Floor level, BSAB 96 Space Code, BSAB Object code, Defect type, Defect description, Rectification measure, Flag for Safety Issue, Cause, Date logging, and Photos.Future research should focus on the validation of the proposed model and system, suggested through case studies.Den här licentiatavhandlingen presenterar ett taxonomiskt upplägg för att klassificera informationen om de fel som uppkommer i byggprojekt. Tre forskningsfrågor formulerades:FF I: Hur används informationen i besiktningsutlåtandena i nuläget?FF II: Hur kan användningen av informationen i besiktningsutlåtandenavidareutvecklas?FF III: Hur bör informationen från utlåtandena struktureras och kodifieras, för att tillåta lagring samt framtida dataanalys, till hjälp för Ständiga förbättringar?Kvalitativ, såväl som kvantitativ, data har samlats in över tre olika studier. I den första tillfrågades Sveriges byggentreprenörer genom en enkät hur de använder olika typer av föreslagna erfarenhetsåterföringsaktiviteter, t.ex. entreprenadbesiktningar. I den andra studien intervjuades övriga projektroller om hur de använder besiktningsinformationen, samt hur det nuvarande användandet kan utökas till andra områden. I den tredje studien, en singel-fallstudie över besiktningsaktiviteterna i ett större byggprojekt, analyserades och klassificerades informationen om felen från projektets besiktningsutlåtanden utifrån det svenska klassificeringssystemet för byggbranschen, BSAB 96.Resultaten visar att alla tillfrågade projektroller idag har den syn på besiktningar som de är tänkta från början, som de presenteras i AB 04, d.v.s. som en aktivitet som dokumenterar de fel som finns i ett projekt och som entreprenören måste åtgärda innan besiktningen blir godkänd. Ett flertal företag har dock börjat spara de färdiga besiktningsutlåtandena på projektportaler, en rutin som torde öka möjligheten till spridning av besiktningsinformationen något. Några respondenter har även börjat med att sammanställa enklare statistik över fel inom produktionen i företaget. Baserat på de analyserade besiktningsutlåtandena och litteraturen om taxonomier så föreslås även 15 olika klassificeringsbegrepp, med syftet att förädla informationen om felen i utlåtandena: Unikt Projekt-ID, Unikt Fel-ID, Besiktnings-ID, Ansvar, Löpnummer fel, Våning, BSAB 96 Utrymme-kod, BSAB element/objekt-kod, Feltyp, Felbeskrivning, Åtgärd, Flagga för säkerhetsproblem, Orsak (förslagsvis grundorsaksanalys), datumloggning och foton.Förutom att kunna automatisera statistikframställning, så ger en systemlösning för att hantera besiktningsinformation möjligheter till att kunna sprida informationen om tidigare producerade fel. Systemet antas kunna förse en process för Ständiga förbättringar med input för att kunna identifiera systematiskt återkommande fel och därav problemområden för förbättringsorganisation att arbeta med.Baserat på idéerna om Ständiga förbättringar, prestationsmätningar och Knowledge Management utvecklades en modell för hur arbetet med entreprenad-besiktningar kan utvecklas till att kunna hjälpa vid med kunskapsspridning mellan projekt samt Ständiga förbättringar. Framtida forskning bör framförallt fokusera på att validera den föreslagna modellen och systemet, förslagsvis genom fallstudier.
Godkänd; 2011; 20111115 (roblun); LICENTIATSEMINARIUM Ämnesområde: Byggproduktion/Construction Engineering Examinator: Professor Thomas Olofsson, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Luleå tekniska universitet Diskutant: Filosofie doktor Kajsa Simu, NCC Construction, Luleå Tid: Fredag den 16 december 2011 kl 10.00 Plats: E246, Luleå tekniska universitet
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Gutin, Sarah Anne. "Expanding contraceptive options in South Africa : knowledge, attitudes, and practices surrounding the intrauterine device (IUD)." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25805.
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The intrauterine device (IUD) is a safe, effective, convenient, reliable, inexpensive, and cost-effective form of reversible contraception. It rivals female sterilization, injectables, and implants with respect to effectiveness in pregnancy prevention. Once inserted, IUDs are nearly maintenance free; some IUDs can even be used for over a decade. In many settings however, the utilization of this form of contraception is poor and a number of barriers to usage exist. These barriers often relate to lack of knowledge and misperceptions among both potential users and healthcare providers. The IUD is a reliable option that may be an ideal form of contraception for many women in South Africa. In order to make this method available on a wider scale, it is necessary to provide correct information to women and health care professionals and to increase the availability and use of this highly effective method. We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study designed to assess the current knowledge, attitudes, and practices of potential users and health care providers with respect to the IUD. We recruited 205 women between 15 to 49 years of age who were attending family planning and ST! care services at four primary level public clinics (two in the more urban Western Cape Province and two in the rural Eastern Cape Province in South Africa). In addition, we interviewed 32 providers from 12 clinics (six clinics per province). Ethical approval for this research was obtained from both the University of Cape Town and Walter Sisulu University (formerly the University of the Transkei). Permission was also given by the local and provincial health services. Among clients, knowledge of the IUD was poor. About 26% of women had heard of the IUD. After the method was explained to them, 89.7% of women believed that there were advantages to using the IUD and 72.7% of women said that they would consider using the JUD in the future. Also, women thought the IUD was an easier contraceptive method to use than oral contraceptive pills, injectables, male and female condoms, and female sterilization. Logistic regression modelling showed that, after adjusting for level of education, being from the Western Cape, older age, and having heard of emergency contraception all independently predicted awareness of the IUD method. For the most part, providers knew how the IUD worked to prevent pregnancy; however, providers were lacking in more detailed knowledge about the method and had misinformation about the IUD. Almost all (93 .6%) of providers recognized their need for more information and training about the IUD. Providers reported that barriers to IUD usage in South Africa were lack of knowledge of the method on the part of providers (84.4%), a lack of trained providers to insert or remove the IUD (62.5%), limited availability of the device at health facilities (56.3%), and a lack of knowledge on the part of potential users (46.9%). Despite these barriers, 81 % of providers believed women would be interested in the IUD if they knew about it and 73.3% believed the IUD should be promoted in South Africa. Our results suggest that the IUD would be a welcome addition to the contraceptive method mix in South Africa and that both clients and providers would be interested in this method. It is clear that awareness campaigns among women seeking contraception would be necessary for building support and publicizing the IUD. It will also be necessary to train and educate providers, focusing on up to date information, dispelling myths, and proper insertion and removal techniques. South Africa could re-introduce the IUD into the contraceptive method mix and increase women's choice by adding this valuable, viable, and sustainable option to the contraceptive method mix. The findings of this study, which was requested by the provincial health services, will be used to inform policy and as a starting point for assessing the feasibility and acceptability of a greater role for the IUD in the contraceptive method mix in South Africa.
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Figg, Jennifer E. "Expanding Eco-Visualization: Sculpting Corn Production." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4028.
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This dissertation expands upon the definition of eco-visualization artwork. EV was originally defined in 2006 by Tiffany Holmes as a way to display the real time consumption statistics of key environmental resources for the goal of promoting ecological literacy. I assert that the final forms of EV artworks are not necessarily dependent on technology, and can differ in terms of media used, in that they can be sculptural, video-based, or static two-dimensional forms that communicate interpreted environmental information. There are two main categories of EV: one that is predominantly screen-based and another that employs a variety of modes of representation to visualize environmental information.
EVs are political acts, situated in a charged climate of rising awareness, operating within the context of environmentalism and sustainability. I discuss a variety of EV works within the frame of ecopsychology, including EcoArtTech’s Eclipse and Keith Deverell’s Building Run; Andrea Polli’s Cloud Car and Particle Falls; Nathalie Miebach’s series, The Sandy Rides; and Natalie Jeremijenko’s Mussel Choir.
The range of EV works provided models for my creative project, Sculpting Corn Production, and a foundation from which I developed a creative methodology. Working to defeat my experience of solastalgia, Sculpting Corn Production is a series of discrete paper sculptures focusing on American industrial corn farming. This EV also functions as a way for me to understand our devastated monoculture landscapes and the politics, economics, and related areas of ecology of our food production.
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Martin, Adam G. "The use of knowledge in comparative economics." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/4519.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--George Mason University, 2009.Vita: p. 120. Thesis director: Peter J. Boettke. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Economics. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed June 10, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 112-119). Also issued in print.
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Gråsjö, Urban. "Spatial Spillovers of Knowledge Production : An Accessibility Approach." Doctoral thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-566.
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The main focus of the thesis is on issues concerning production of knowledge. It is a common observation that knowledge activities have a tendency to agglomerate as well as to spill over in space. In order to incorporate geographical proximity, the thesis applies an accessibility approach in which actual travel time distances between locations are used to discount spatial knowledge spillovers. The thesis consists of three individual essays and a joint introduction. The first essay explores to what extent accessibility to R&D conducted at universities and companies can explain the number of patent applications in Swedish municipalities. The second essay analyses the relationship between knowledge accessibility and regional export performance. The knowledge resources used are R&D efforts and university educated labour. Since the distributions of the dependent variables are skewed with a few influential outliers, the estimations are conducted with quantile regressions. The empirical findings indicate that accessibility to university R&D has minor effects on patent production and export performance in Sweden. However, the other used inputs, i.e. accessibility to company R&D and accessibility to university educated labour, are of greater importance. The results also show that knowledge flows transcend municipal borders but that they tend to be bounded within functional regions. The third essay investigates how the inclusion of accessibility variables, i.e. spatially lagged explanatory variables, affects the extent of spatial autocorrelation. The basic proposition is that the inclusion of inputs external to the spatial observation as separate variables reveals spatial dependencies via the parameter estimates. This is confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations. The Monte Carlo Simulations also indicate that problems with spatial autocorrelation and biased parameter estimates are reduced.
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Tödtling, Franz, Michaela Trippl, and Lukas Lengauer. "Towards regional knowledge economics. Routes and policy options." Institut für Regional- und Umweltwirtschaft, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2008. http://epub.wu.ac.at/266/1/document.pdf.
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In recent years a move towards knowledge economies has been observed in many advanced countries. Knowledge based sectors and related activities have been expanding rapidly. However, the preconditions for developing such activities differ strongly between types of regions, depending on their location conditions, firm structure and institutional fabric. The regional innovation systems (RIS) approach captures such different settings in a useful way, allowing us to distinguish e.g. between well endowed and networked, fragmented and thin RIS. Using this approach we will study which conditions, potentials and barriers exist in different types of RIS for developing knowledge based industries and activities, and which routes and policy options might be adequate in different regional settings. We investigate these questions at first conceptually, drawing on the literature on RIS, and location and clustering of knowledge based sectors. Empirically we will present evidence on three regions in Austria (Vienna, Upper Austria and Salzburg) representing different types of RIS. Based on the conceptual findings we will compare these regions regarding their RIS characteristics, their preconditions for and strengths of knowledge based sectors focussing in particular on the ICT sector. Furthermore we will analyse routes and policy options for developing knowledge based sectors for such different types of regions. (author´s abstract)Series: SRE - Discussion Papers
Books on the topic "Expanding knowledge in economics"
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The knowledge evolution: Expanding organizational intelligence. Boston, Mass: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997.
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Hansen, Shirley J. Performance contracting: Expanding horizons. Lilburn, GA: Fairmont Press, 1998.
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Bernard, Spodek, ed. Today's kindergarten: Exploring the knowledge base, expanding the curriculum. New York: Teachers College Press, 1986.
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Rolfe, Gary. Expanding nursing knowledge: Understanding and reseaching your own practice. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1998.
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Finin, Timothy W., Charles K. Nicholas, and Yelena Yesha, eds. Information and Knowledge Management Expanding the Definition of “Database”. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57419-0.
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R, Arena, and Festré Agnès 1969-, eds. Knowledge, beliefs and economics. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2006.
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Luey, Beth. Expanding the American mind: Books and the popularization of knowledge. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2010.
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Expanding the American mind: Popularization and the dissemination of knowledge. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2010.
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Rohfeld, Rae Wahl. Expanding access to knowledge--continuing higher education: NUCEA, 1915-1990. Washington, D.C: National University Continuing Education Association, 1990.
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Luey, Beth. Expanding the American mind: Books and the popularization of knowledge. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2010.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Expanding knowledge in economics"
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Albritton, Robert. "Ever Expanding Militarism." In Palgrave Insights into Apocalypse Economics, 77–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05183-9_6.
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Agrell, P. S. "Expanding Churchman’s Philosophical Discourse." In Wisdom, Knowledge, and Management, 33–44. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-36506-0_4.
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Hornung, Dietmar. "Expanding Product Variety." In Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 25–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51718-1_4.
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Taavitsainen, Irma. "Expanding the borders of knowledge." In Early Modern English Medical Texts, 11–12. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.160.01taa.
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Maier, Ronald. "Economics." In Knowledge Management Systems, 486–502. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24779-1_15.
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Maier, Ronald. "Economics." In Knowledge Management Systems, 316–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24779-1_8.
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Maier, Ronald. "Economics." In Knowledge Management Systems, 408–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04380-6_15.
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Maier, Ronald. "Economics." In Knowledge Management Systems, 236–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04380-6_8.
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Harvey, Jack. "Imperfect Knowledge." In Intermediate Economics, 302–10. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21228-6_20.
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Guha, Brishti. "Knowledge." In Encyclopedia of Law and Economics, 1217–19. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7753-2_198.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Expanding knowledge in economics"
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Emilova, Irena. "The Anti-Crisis Management in The Process of Global Integration." In G.I.D.T.P. 2019 - Globalization, Innovation and Development, Trends and Prospects 2019. LUMEN Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gidtp2022/05.
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The global integration demands a theoretical understanding and characterization of anti-crisis management. On the one hand, it is associated with changes, which not only create opportunities, but also raise a number of difficulties, and on the other - with the necessity of a concept, combining different approaches. The globalization has various dimensions. It is the subject of discussion by the researchers of many scientific fields - sociology, economics, geography, politics, international relations, culture, technique and technology, history, demographics and more. The definitions of the specialist of policy and international relations are interpreted as a accelerating and improving transnational nature of the relationship between the partners and establishment an international order with help of the UN and other international organizations. The anti-crisis management is a relatively new area of scientific knowledge. In the process of globalization, changes in economic, political, social and spiritual environment, there are expanding opportunities but also pose serious constraints to its theoretical study and practical application. This paper examining with some aspects of the anti-crisis management in the process of global integration. Clarified are the main requirements for anti-crisis management as a system, as a set of mechanisms and processes, specific technologies and management styles. It discusses factors that determine the effectiveness of anti-crisis management. There is substantiating necessity of interpretation on the need for new specific features in management thinking.
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Csík, Tibor. "A könyvtárak az új digitális világban." In Networkshop. HUNGARNET Egyesület, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31915/nws.2021.3.
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According to Umberto Eco, books share their fates with their readers. Carrying the idea forward, not only books but also libraries share their fates with their readers. The state of a society is well illustrated by the state of its libraries and how to access information resources. The aim of the presentation is to examine the impact of libraries and their services on the neoliberal economic environment and the expanding process of commodification. Nicholas Negroponte (MIT) stated in 2010 that the physical book will be dead in five years. Although his provocative forecast has not been confirmed, the ratio of online resources in the acquisition of libraries is increasing. Technology companies have approached libraries to digitize their printed collection. Then the digital contents were sold, or used in accordance with their commercial interests to expand the advertising network. Information companies offered e-journals in large bundles for sale to libraries. Despite their promise, the price of digital publications has not become cheaper, but prices have risen steadily. The economic crisis of the early 2000s led to the closure of many public libraries. However libraries cannot become an information soup kitchen, where equal access to data and information hides the fact that there is inequality in access to meaningful information or important knowledge. The tasks of teaching library is not only to teach library and research skills, navigation on web, information retrieval from databases and how acting a law-abiding information consumer. Libraries can teach about information production and current information economics in part of information literacy. Libraries play a role in electronic publishing through their digital collections and repositories.
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Megbowon, Soji, Esther Ajayi, Adewale Oseni, Iheanacho Metuonu, Amos Fatokun, and Tobiloba Emmanuel. "Promoting the Culture of Innovation and Entrepreneurship within the University Ecosystem through a University-Based Co-Creation Hub." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.5376.
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Innovation and entrepreneurship are considered one of the most powerful driving forces for economic and social progress in our era. As a result, building a unique entrepreneurial ecosystem and transforming it into an “innovative and Entrepreneurial University” have become goals for many colleges and universities. // Innovation and Entrepreneurship are very important in Universities because they play an important role to increase entrepreneurial graduates of higher education. Global awareness of the importance of the role of entrepreneurship and innovation in the university ecosystem is in line with the growing awareness of higher education institutions, and universities, to walk the entrepreneurial path. This study aims to form an entrepreneurial university model using a systems approach, where the university should not carry its own burden in carrying out the responsibilities of a third mission to help accelerate community development. Going by the society we have found ourselves, we observed that there is a huge gap between the school curriculum and the marketplace demand. Most graduates in the marketplace are deficient in relevant knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to solve critical problems in the workplace. // The rate and rapidity at which the African youth population has been growing are enormous and this has also been very challenging. On one side, it is enormous because if well harnessed, it could become a potential for improved African economy, production, and growth. To this end, youths could be considered Africa’s greatest asset. On the other hand, it is challenging as the resultant restiveness constitutes a threat in our universities, and unemployment fosters banditry and militancy. // In all advanced economies, Higher Education Institutions (HEI) are expected to play a vital role in encouraging innovation, entrepreneurship, and structural change. The expanding population shares the economic importance of knowledge-intensive active ties, digital transformation sweeping across all organizational borders of the globe, and the need to quickly forge efficient and innovative solutions to address pressing societal challenges, that is the demand to contribute more to innovation and to economic and societal change. // The world economic forum estimates that 15 to 20 million young people will join the African workforce every year for the next two decades. By 2030, Africa will be home to more than a quarter of the world’s population under 25, who will make up 60% of the continent’s total population. By then, 15% of the world’s working-age population will be in Africa. /
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Alpizar-Chacon, Isaac, and Sergey Sosnovsky. "Expanding the Web of Knowledge." In HT '19: 30th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3342220.3343671.
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Christenson, Mike. "Re-representation of Urban Imagery: Strategies for Constructing Knowledge." In ACADIA 2007: Expanding Bodies. ACADIA, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.212.
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Khot, Mahesh Balwant. "Life cycle assessment (LCA) of microbial oil-derived fuels and other non-fuel products." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/imol9786.
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Much literature is available on fungal lipids and their capability as a renewable oil platform for alternate fuels, chemicals, and food products. Microbial oils will not displace all edible oils soon, given techno-economical hurdles in commercialization. However, continued research & development can flatten the curve of deforestation and land-use impacts associated with cultivating these crops. To better understand how oleaginous yeasts and fungi could alleviate the challenges related to the energy-environment-food nexus, it becomes critical to investigate their potential environmental impacts quantitively compared to other feedstocks. Life cycle analysis or assessment (LCA) is a standard tool used for this purpose. LCA studies are not being conducted on a broader scale for fungus-derived oils than their phototrophic algal counterparts. The different stages in the life cycle of fungal lipid production that can be analyzed for environmental implications include cultivation and fermentation, oil extraction; further downstream processing; and end-use. The LCA method for fungal lipid-derived biofuel production systems should cover the main sustainability concerns of biofuel production systems: energy efficiency, climate change, and land occupation. With the scope of microbial oil applications expanding beyond non-fuel encompassing food, supplements, and medicines, their subsequent environmental implications need to be investigated. Further work is required in this area. There are significant knowledge gaps in life cycle inventory and impact assessment information for non-fuel applications.
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Jabaley, Selma Ann. "Expanding Knowledge to Young Engineers in Our Industry." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/124777-ms.
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BrckaLorenz, Allison. "Advancing Truth: Expanding Our Knowledge of LGBQ+ Faculty." In 2019 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1435478.
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Karunarathna, T. A. D. C. D., P. Sridarran, and M. Gowsiga. "Electricity generation through municipal solid waste in Sri Lanka: Drivers and barriers." In 10th World Construction Symposium. Building Economics and Management Research Unit (BEMRU), University of Moratuwa, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2022.34.
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The rapid increase in population and urbanisation has led to an increase in per capita consumption and the generation of waste. Thus, the need of having improved management strategies for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) has aroused. Waste to Energy (WtE) was a concept that came up as a solution for waste management and as an ideal solution for energy crises as well. WtE is a process of generating energy mainly in terms of electricity and heat by giving MSW as the input where it will become the fuel for this process. Most countries like Denmark, England, Australia, etc. use this as a successful Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) strategy and as a sustainable energy producing mechanism too. But, in Sri Lankan WtE has become unsuccessful in many instances due to the influence of barriers to implementing WtE mega-scale projects. Thus, this study aims to explore existing barriers in light of expanding WtE projects in Sri Lanka. In addition, it proposes strategies to mitigate those barriers. Data was collected through expert interviews and manual content analysis was used for data analysis. Some identified key barriers and strategies in the frame of political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental are lack of having government infrastructure, high initial investments, social burdens, lack of technical knowledge on WtE, disposal of bottom and fly ash as barriers and providing infrastructure by the government, introducing debt financing, social awareness, getting foreign technical experts, using bottom ash and fly ash to produce some necessary bi-products as strategies.
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Spann, Catherine A., James Schaeffer, and George Siemens. "Expanding the scope of learning analytics data." In LAK '17: 7th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3027385.3027427.
Full textReports on the topic "Expanding knowledge in economics"
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Bayer, Amanda, Gregory Bruich, Raj Chetty, and Andrew Housiaux. Expanding and Diversifying the Pool of Undergraduates who Study Economics: Insights from a New Introductory Course at Harvard. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26961.
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Horrocks, Ian, and Ulrike Sattler. Optimised Reasoning for SHIQ. Aachen University of Technology, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.118.
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The tableau algorithm implemented in the FaCT knowledge representation system decides satisfiability and subsumption in SHIQ, a very expressive description logic providing, e.g., inverse and transitive roles, number restrictions, and general axioms. Intuitively, the algorithm searches for a tree-shaped abstraction of a model. To ensure termination of this algorithm without comprimising correctness, it stops expanding paths in the search tree using a so-called 'double-blocking' condition.
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Boyes, Allison, Jamie Bryant, Alix Hall, and Elise Mansfield. Barriers and enablers for older people at risk of and/or living with cancer to accessing timely cancer screening, diagnosis and treatment. The Sax Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/ieoy3254.
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• Older adults have complex and unique needs that can influence how and when cancer is diagnosed, the types of treatment that are offered, how well treatment is tolerated and treatment outcomes. • This Evidence Check review identified 41 studies that specifically addressed barriers and enablers to cancer screening, diagnosis and treatment among adults aged 65 years and older. • Question 1: The main barriers for older people at risk of and/or living with cancer to access and participate in timely cancer screening relate to lack of knowledge, fear of cancer, negative beliefs about the consequences of cancer, and hygiene concerns in completing testing. The main enablers to participation in timely cancer screening include positive/helpful beliefs about screening, social influences that encourage participation and knowledge. • Question 2: The main barriers for older people at risk of and/or living with cancer to access and/or seek timely cancer diagnosis relate to lack of knowledge of the signs and symptoms of cancer that are distinct from existing conditions and ageing, healthcare accessibility difficulties, perceived inadequate clinical response from healthcare providers, and harmful patient beliefs about risk factors and signs of cancer. The main enablers to accessing and/or seeking a timely cancer diagnosis include knowledge of the signs and symptoms of cancer, and support from family and friends that encourage help-seeking for symptoms. • Question 3: The main barriers for older people at risk of and/or living with cancer in accessing and completing cancer treatment include discrimination against patients in the form of ageism, lack of knowledge, patient concern about the adverse effects of treatment, predominantly on their independence, healthcare accessibility difficulties including travel and financial burden, and patients’ caring responsibilities. The main enablers to accessing and completing cancer treatment are social support from peers in a similar situation, family and friends, the influence of healthcare providers, and involving patients in treatment decision making. • Implications. The development of strategies to address the inequity of cancer outcomes in people aged 65 years and older in NSW should consider: Increasing community members’ and patients’ knowledge and awareness by providing written information and decision support tools from a trusted source Reducing travel and financial burden by widely disseminating information about existing support schemes and expanding remote patient monitoring and telehealth Improving social support by promoting peer support, and building the support capacity of family carers Addressing ageism by supporting patients in decision making, and disseminating education initiatives about geriatric oncology to healthcare providers Providing interdisciplinary geriatric oncology care by including a geriatrician as part of multidisciplinary teams and/or expanding geriatric oncology clinics.
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Faith, Becky, and Tony Roberts. Managing the Risk and Benefits of Digital Technologies in Social Assistance Provision. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/basic.2022.025.
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Aid agencies, governments, and donors are expanding investment in the digitisation of their beneficiary identification and registration systems, in digitised systems for cash payments, and in the remote and algorithmic control of humanitarian and social protection programmes. This is happening in ways that may facilitate the move from humanitarian assistance to government provision and may enable the delivery of shock-responsive social protection. Yet humanitarian and social protection actors are increasingly concerned about a range of risks and accountability vacuums associated with the adoption of these technologies. While claims for the benefits of digitisation often rest on cost savings, data relating to these costs and benefits are not easily accessible. There is also an urgent need to adopt approaches to value for money in this sector that recognise the digital dignity of beneficiaries. A knowledge gap exists around how the movement towards biometric identification and algorithmic management using humanitarian and social protection data will affect the interests of vulnerable populations – so too does a gap in research that is focused on the standpoints, interests, and priorities of these populations.
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BESTAEVA, E. HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECT OF THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS IN THE SYSTEM OF MODERN EDUCATION. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2021-13-4-3-14-18.
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The article examines the issues of ethics in the educational process in the historical and philosophical development. The main attention is focused on the transformations taking place in the field of economics, science and technology, the meaning and significance of education, which is aimed at the formation of a morally oriented personality, is being revised in a new way. The need for ethical knowledge comes to the fore in the modern educational process, which is aimed at the formation of moral values of the younger generation.
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Droogan, Julian, Lise Waldek, Brian Ballsun-Stanton, and Jade Hutchinson. Mapping a Social Media Ecosystem: Outlinking on Gab & Twitter Amongst the Australian Far-right Milieu. RESOLVE Network, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/remve2022.6.
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Attention to the internet and the online spaces in which violent extremists interact and spread content has increased over the past decades. More recently, that attention has shifted from understanding how groups like the self-proclaimed Islamic State use the internet to spread propaganda to understanding the broader internet environment and, specifically, far-right violent extremist activities within it. This focus on how far right violent extremist—including far-right racially and ethnically motivated violent extremists (REMVEs) within them—create, use, and exploit the online networks in which they exist to promote their hateful ideology and reach has largely focused on North America and Europe. However, in recent years, examinations of those online dynamics elsewhere, including in Australia, is increasing. Far right movements have been active in Australia for decades. While these movements are not necessarily extremist nor violent, understanding how violent far right extremists and REMVEs interact within or seek to exploit these broader communities is important in further understanding the tactics, reach, and impact of REMVEs in Australia. This is particularly important in the online space access to broader networks of individuals and ideas is increasingly expanding. Adding to a steadily expanding body of knowledge examining online activities and networks of both broader far right as well as violent extremist far right populations in Australia, this paper presents a data-driven examination of the online ecosystems in which identified Australian far-right violent extremists exist and interact,1 as mapped by user generated uniform resource locators (URL), or ‘links’, to internet locations gathered from two online social platforms—Twitter and Gab. This link-based analysis has been used in previous studies of online extremism to map the platforms and content shared in online spaces and provide further detail on the online ecosystems in which extremists interact. Data incorporating the links was automatically collected from Twitter and Gab posts from users existing within the online milieu in which those identified far right extremists were connected. The data was collected over three discrete one-month periods spanning 2019, the year in which an Australian far right violent extremist carried out the Christchurch attack. Networks of links expanding out from the Twitter and Gab accounts were mapped in two ways to explore the extent and nature of the online ecosystems in which these identified far right Australian violent extremists are connected, including: To map the extent and nature of these ecosystems (e.g., the extent to which other online platforms are used and connected to one another), the project mapped where the most highly engaged links connect out to (i.e., website domain names), and To explore the nature of content being spread within those ecosystems, what sorts of content is found at the end of the most highly engaged links. The most highly engaged hashtags from across this time are also presented for additional thematic analysis. The mapping of links illustrated the interconnectedness of a social media ecosystem consisting of multiple platforms that were identified as having different purposes and functions. Importantly, no links to explicitly violent or illegal activity were identified among the top-most highly engaged sites. The paper discusses the implications of the findings in light of this for future policy, practice, and research focused on understanding the online ecosystems in which identified REMVE actors are connected and the types of thematic content shared and additional implications in light of the types of non-violent content shared within them.
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Nelson, Gena, Angela Crawford, and Jessica Hunt. A Systematic Review of Research Syntheses for Students with Mathematics Learning Disabilities and Difficulties. Boise State University, Albertsons Library, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18122/sped.143.boisestate.
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The purpose of this document is to provide readers with the coding protocol that authors used to code 36 research syntheses (including meta-analyses, evidence-based reviews, and quantitative systematic reviews) focused on mathematics interventions for students with learning disabilities (LD), mathematics learning disabilities (MLD), and mathematics difficulties (MD). The purpose of the systematic review of mathematics intervention syntheses was to identify patterns and gaps in content areas, instructional strategies, effect sizes, and definitions of LD, MLD, and MD. We searched the literature for research syntheses published between 2000 and 2020 and used rigorous inclusion criteria in our literature review process. We evaluated 36 syntheses that included 836 studies with 32,495 participants. We coded each synthesis for variables across seven categories including: publication codes (authors, year, journal), inclusion and exclusion criteria, content area focus, instructional strategy focus, sample size, methodological information, and results. The mean interrater reliability across all codes using this coding protocol was 90.3%. Although each synthesis stated a focus on LD, MLD, or MD, very few students with LD or MLD were included, and authors’ operational definitions of disability and risk varied. Syntheses predominantly focused on word problem solving, fractions, computer- assisted learning, and schema-based instruction. Syntheses reported wide variation in effectiveness, content areas, and instructional strategies. Finally, our results indicate the majority of syntheses report achievement outcomes, but very few syntheses report on other outcomes (e.g., social validity, strategy use). We discuss how the results of this comprehensive review can guide researchers in expanding the knowledge base on mathematics interventions. The systematic review that results from this coding process is accepted for publication and in press at Learning Disabilities Research and Practice.
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Robayo Botiva, Diana María. Brief Current Context of the Types of Electronic Commerce in Colombia. Ediciones Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/gclc.17.
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In the current context, e-commerce has improved significantly as consumers have increased online shopping in different sectors of the economy. Therefore, the term “e-commerce” is becoming increasingly well-known and relevant for conducting business transactions. In addition, the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to the extreme growth of e-commerce, and in the long term it will be a vital part of companies to achieve a greater competitive advantage as it offers benefits to the end consumer. However, it is important to note that there will be technological and non-technological limitations that will affect its growth. Nevertheless, the advance of information and communication technologies (ICTS) will tend to correct these limitations, consolidating the generalized increase of e-commerce worldwide. Consequently, it is pertinent that students of economics, administrative and accounting sciences, engineering, among others, expand their knowledge in e-commerce and thus be at the forefront of the different issues surrounding the digital transformation in companies and the digital economy.
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Chakravorty, Ujjayant, and Martino Pelli. Electrification and development: Empirical evidence on the effect of electricity provision on household welfare. CIRANO, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/soan1297.
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The effect of electrification on economic outcomes is a major new area of study in environment and development economics. Almost a billion people in the world do not have access to grid electricity. Providing them a grid connection will be costly and polluting as well, even if powered by cleaner fossil fuels such as natural gas, instead of coal. However, the economic benefits of electricity are not well understood. Some studies find large effects on economic development in the long run, while others find small or negligible impacts on households in the short run. These benefits may also depend on household characteristics such as credit constraints that prevent them from consuming power or investing in complimentary assets. This paper highlights the state of current knowledge on the costs and benefits of electrification by reviewing the recent empirical literature. We discuss the identification strategies employed and evaluate the effect of electrification on a variety of household-level outcomes such as income, employment and education.
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Butyrina, Maria, and Valentina Ryvlina. MEDIATIZATION OF ART: VIRTUAL MUSEUM AS MASS MEDIA. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11075.
Full textAbstract:
The research is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of mediatization of art on the example of virtual museums. Main objective of the study is to give communication characteristics of the mediatized socio-cultural institutions. The subject of the research is forms, directions and communication features of virtual museums. Methodology. In the process of study, the method of communication analysis, which allowed to identify and characterize the main factors of the museum’s functioning as a communication system, was used. Among them, special emphasis is put on receptive and metalinguistic functions. Results / findings and conclusions. The need to be competitive in the information space determines the gradual transformation of socio-cultural institutions into mass media, which is reflected in the content and forms of dialogue with recipients. When cultural institutions begin to function as media, they take on the features of media structures that create a communication environment localized by the functions of communicators and audience expectations. Museums function in such a way that along with the real art space they form a virtual space, which puts the recipients into the reality of the exhibitions based on the principle of immersion. Mediaization of art on the example of virtual museum institutions allows us to talk about: expanding of the perceptual capabilities of the audience; improvement of the exposition function of mediatized museums with the help of Internet technologies; interactivity of museum expositions; providing broad contextual background knowledge necessary for a deep understanding of the content of works of art; the possibility to have a delayed viewing of works of art; absence of thematic, time and space restrictions; possibility of communication between visitors; a huge target audience. Significance. The study of the mediatized forms of communication between museums and visitors as well as the directions of their transformation into media are certainly of interest to the scientific field of “Social Communications”.