Journal articles on the topic 'Expanding knowledge in built environment and design'
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Peters, Terri, and Stephen Verderber. "Territories of Engagement in the Design of Ecohumanist Healthcare Environments." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 10, no. 2 (October 22, 2016): 104–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586716668635.
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Background: Increasingly, architectural and allied designers, engineers, and healthcare facility administrators are being challenged to demonstrate success in adroitly identifying and contextualizing ever-shifting and expanding spheres of knowledge with respect to the role of energy conservation and carbon neutrality in healthcare treatment environments and their immediate exterior environs. Aim: This calls for making sense of an unprecedented volume of information on building energy usage and interdigitizing complex and at times contradictory goals with the daily requirements of building occupants. Ecohumanist Design Strategies: In response, a multidimensional framework is put forth with the aim of advancing theory and practice in the realm of designers’, direct caregivers’, and administrators’ engagement with ecohumanist design strategies in the creation of ecohumanist healthcare environments. Conclusions: Ten territories for engagement are presented that both individually and collectively express salient themes and streams of inquiry in theory and practice, within an operative framework placing the patient, the patient’s significant others, and the caregiver at the center of the relationship between the built environment and occupant well-being.
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Matthew, Ugochukwu O. "Information System Management & Multimedia Applications in an E-Learning Environment." International Journal of Information Communication Technologies and Human Development 11, no. 3 (July 2019): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijicthd.2019070102.
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This paper looked at multimedia application techniques in an e-learning environment in the digital libraries in Nigeria as an alternative paradigm to information management. The article surveyed the current state of affairs in the Nigeria Educational sector through careful review of the budget allocation to the Ministry of Education and discovered a negative trend. The article proposes an alternative paradigm to the current method of information access and distribution in the Nigeria Libraries to accommodate e-learning functionalities. The article attempted to define the term data mining in relation to its usage in driving restructuring in line with the Nigerian government agenda for national development. It also covers different data mining features and standards as its main focus was to engage students and learnable groups productively. The article explains why it is necessary to implement a multimedia Internet of Things in the Eastern Nigeria Institutions, basically libraries with the help of internet repositories with the vision of expanding its functionalities to accommodate other five geopolitical regions of the country. The choice of Eastern Nigeria is on the merit of economic stability, relative peace, and general orientation to Western civilization and culture. The design will be centrally built as knowledge repository otherwise referred as Knowledge Powerhouse that will service other subregions through a wireless data sharing architecture. The study also revealed the budget implication and established to what extend the multimedia Internet of things will be used to drive key innovations in the institution Libraries for human capital development in Nigeria and by extension the entire continent of Africa.
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Sanda, Yakubu N., Natalia A. Anigbogu, Yohana D. Izam, and Lura Y. Nuhu. "DESIGNING CASE STUDY RESEARCH IN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT." Journal of Surveying, Construction & Property 12, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jscp.vol12no1.3.
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Research methodology is an important and indispensable element in research design. However, designing research strategy such as case study has proven to be a difficult task among research students. Case study is one of the most frequently used qualitative research methodology in the field of construction management; however the design and implementation of case study remains a complex and contentious issue among researchers. Consequently, many students select case study strategy without understanding the array of factors that can affect the outcome of their research. This paper presents a practical, experience-based, step-by-step guide to select, conduct and complete a case study research in construction management. The paper justifies the rationale for adopting case study, explored the various stages in designing case study spanning from the theoretical framework, constructing research themes, data collection and analysis through to validity and reliability issues. This paper contributes in expanding the knowledge of upcoming researchers in the built environment on the design, applications, advantages, disadvantages as well as limitations of case study in construction management researches. The study recommends the research design for students undertaking construction management related studies.
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Choi, Junho. "Graph Embedding-Based Domain-Specific Knowledge Graph Expansion Using Research Literature Summary." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (September 27, 2022): 12299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912299.
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Knowledge bases built in the knowledge processing field have a problem in that experts have to add rules or update them through modifications. To solve this problem, research has been conducted on knowledge graph expansion methods using deep learning technology, and in recent years, many studies have been conducted on methods of generating knowledge bases by embedding the knowledge graph’s triple information in a continuous vector space. In this paper, using a research literature summary, we propose a domain-specific knowledge graph expansion method based on graph embedding. To this end, we perform pre-processing and process and text summarization with the collected research literature data. Furthermore, we propose a method of generating a knowledge graph by extracting the entity and relation information and a method of expanding the knowledge graph using web data. To this end, we summarize research literature using the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers for Summarization (BERTSUM) model based on domain-specific research literature data and design a Research-BERT (RE-BERT) model that extracts entities and relation information, which are components of the knowledge graph, from the summarized research literature. Moreover, we proposed a method of expanding related entities based on Google news after extracting related entities through the web for the entities in the generated knowledge graph. In the experiment, we measured the performance of summarizing research literature using the BERTSUM model and the accuracy of the knowledge graph relation extraction model. In the experiment of removing unnecessary sentences from the research literature text and summarizing them in key sentences, the result shows that the BERTSUM Classifier model’s ROUGE-1 precision is 57.86%. The knowledge graph extraction performance was measured using the mean reciprocal rank (MRR), mean rank (MR), and HIT@N rank-based evaluation metric. The knowledge graph extraction method using summarized text showed superior performance in terms of speed and knowledge graph quality.
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Harrison-Atlas, Dylan, Anthony Lopez, and Eric Lantz. "Dynamic land use implications of rapidly expanding and evolving wind power deployment." Environmental Research Letters 17, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 044064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac5f2c.
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Abstract The expansion of wind power poses distinct and varied geographic challenges to a sustainable energy transition. However, current knowledge of its land use impacts and synergies is limited by reliance on static characterizations that overlook the role of turbine technology and plant design in mediating interactions with the environment. Here, we investigate how wind technology development and innovation have shaped landscape interactions with social and ecological systems within the United States and contribute to evolving land area requirements. This work assesses trends in key land use facets of wind power using a holistic set of metrics to establish an evidence base that researchers, technology designers, land use managers, and policymakers can use in envisioning how future wind-intensive energy systems may be jointly optimized for clean energy, social, and environmental objectives. Since 2000, we find dynamic land occupancy patterns and regional trends that are driven by advancing technology and geographic factors. Though most historical U.S. wind deployment has been confined to the temperate grassland biome in the nation’s interior, regional expansion has implicated diverse land use and cover types. A large percentage of the typical wind plant footprint (∼96% to \,$?> > 99%) is not directly impacted by permanent physical infrastructure, allowing for multiple uses in the spaces between turbines. Surprisingly, turbines are commonly close to built structures. Moreover, rangeland and cropland have supported 93.4% of deployment, highlighting potential synergies with agricultural lands. Despite broadly decreasing capacity densities, offsetting technology improvements have stabilized power densities. Land use intensity, defined as the ratio of direct land usage to lifetime power generation of wind facilities, has also trended downwards. Although continued deployment on disturbed lands, and in close proximity to existing wind facilities and other infrastructure, could minimize the extent of impacts, ambitious decarbonization trajectories may predispose particular biomes to cumulative effects and risks from regional wind power saturation. Increased land-use and sustainability feedback in technology and plant design will be critical to sustainable management of wind power.
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Benner, Chris. "Learning Communities in a Learning Region: The Soft Infrastructure of Cross-Firm Learning Networks in Silicon Valley." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 35, no. 10 (October 2003): 1809–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a35238.
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The ability of firms, industries, and regions continually to translate information and knowledge into viable new products, services, and production processes in the face of constantly changing technology and market conditions is increasingly at the core of competitive success in the contemporary economy. Such economic learning is ultimately dependent on the ability of individuals to learn, and yet most of the literature in this area has focused on firms and organizational learning processes, and is only beginning to engage seriously with people's learning processes. This paper explores the links between social learning processes and dynamics of innovation in Silicon Valley, arguing that cross-firm, occupationally based, ‘communities of practice’ provide a critical context for individuals to learn and maintain the competencies they need to be successful in the region's dynamic but volatile economy. These cross-firm occupational learning communities in many cases are being built through the activities of formal professional associations, which are playing an increasingly important role in providing the organizational infrastructure to sustain these learning communities. Using a case study of an association of women in Internet design and development occupations, the author illustrates the value of such communities in supporting individual and collective learning processes. These findings suggest that economic development strategies could productively be focused on identifying, strengthening, and expanding access to such cross-firm occupational learning communities.
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El Hadraoui, Hicham, Mourad Zegrari, Fatima-Ezzahra Hammouch, Nasr Guennouni, Oussama Laayati, and Ahmed Chebak. "Design of a Customizable Test Bench of an Electric Vehicle Powertrain for Learning Purposes Using Model-Based System Engineering." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (September 1, 2022): 10923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710923.
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Nowadays, electric vehicles attract significant attention because of the increasingly stringent exhaust emission policies all over the world. Moreover, with the fast expansion of the sustainable economy, the demand for electric vehicles is expanding. In the recent age, maintenance has seriously hampered the marketing and use of electric automobiles. As a result, the technique for maintaining electric vehicles is regarded as vital since it directly affects the security and availability for the end user and the passengers. Another key aspect of electric mobility is the integration of artificial intelligence in control, diagnostics, and prognostics. Meanwhile, a lot of research efforts are still devoted to developing and innovating electric traction systems, especially for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Furthermore, topics covering important, current, and sustainability challenges should contain more than theoretical knowledge in high-quality education, particularly in engineering education. The purpose is to bridge the gap between the new technology and the learner’s circumstances through giving practical technical expertise and training in the sphere of overall engineering competences, to avoid non-standard, unskilled maintenance work. This article presents the first phase towards designing and developing a test bench of an electric vehicle’s powertrain used for research, learning and e-learning purposes, employing model-based systems engineering (MBSE) and systems modeling language (SysML) through the CESAM architecting and modeling framework. The aforementioned approach is used on our case study to build and present an operational viewpoint layout of the control, energy management, diagnostic, and prognostic test bench as part of the system’s initial phase of designing the system; the test bench layout proposed in this paper represents a flexible, low-cost, multidisciplinary downsized laboratory providing basic experiments related to e-mobility and covering numerous branches and study fields.
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Asianoa, Rosemond, Fredrick Kuupille, Samuel Kwabla Segbefia, and James Adjabeng Asenso. "Examining the Integration of ICT into Teaching and Learning: A Study of Colleges of Education in the Volta Region." Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities 2, no. 6 (November 4, 2022): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.2.6.3.
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The provision of education to citizens is a requirement for economic and social development, and globalization and the transition to a knowledge-based economy require that existing educational institutions produce individuals who can convert information into knowledge and apply that knowledge in a dynamic, cross-cultural setting. The successful integration of ICT into the learning environment requires instructors to be able to design learning in creative ways, integrate technology with a pedagogy successfully, develop socially engaged learning settings, and encourage cooperative involvement. Students and student teachers frequently have more knowledge and experience with ICT than instructors and teacher educators, and for many people, this demands a different set of abilities than those they now possess. The desire for online learning to satisfy the needs of Ghana's universities' expanding student population remains a worry despite the ongoing discussions and difficulties that higher education faces. Many Ghanaian stakeholders now have a keen interest in the country's level of science and technology. This study's goal was to look at how ICT was used in teaching and learning, with a particular emphasis on the College of Education in the Volta Region. The specific goals of the study were to find out how much ICT was used in teaching and learning in colleges of education in the Volta Region, to find out what factors affected ICT use in teaching and learning in colleges of education in the Volta Region, and to find out what stopped ICT from being used in those institutions. Two theories, notably the Social Constructivist Theory and the Diffusion of Innovation Theory, served as the foundation for the study. The paper employed a desk study review methodology to examine pertinent empirical literature and identify key themes. The results showed that ICT can be utilized as a tool to support transformative, learner-centered faculty development; nevertheless, researchers caution that this approach may be challenging because teachers must contend with both the new technology problems and the learner-centered paradigm. According to the study's findings, ICT can match the current educational system with the knowledge-based, information-rich society by giving it access to high-end tools, approaches, and methodologies. To use ICT in the process of teaching and learning, the study thus advises colleges in the Volta area to build strategies to identify strengths and weaknesses of various technology resources with the aim of adopting ICT in the process of teaching and learning.
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Azhar, Jasim, Morten Gjerde, Brenda Vale, and Muhammad Asif. "Perception of Urban Leftover Spaces: A Comparative Study of Built Environment and Non-Built Environment Participants." Architecture 2, no. 2 (April 7, 2022): 231–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/architecture2020013.
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The built environment, urban processes, and experience all work together to create the spatial environment of a city. Many urban spaces, especially those that appear to be ‘leftover’, do not reflect a set concept but are constantly questioned and recreated. Recognizing leftover spaces in an urban environment is an important aspect of the urban redevelopment process. Researchers have highlighted the difficulties, circumstances, and relevance of making good use of leftover space. To accomplish environmental and social benefits, these places can be created, changed, and incorporated into the main urban fabric; however, there is a scarcity of knowledge on how to go about constructing such environments. This study explores the visual perception of two groups of people, those with knowledge of the built environment and those with other educational backgrounds regarding leftover spaces in Wellington City. The research, which employs a mixed approach, consists of three studies, beginning with a visual preference study to better understand human perceptions, which might lead to better design solutions. The second study looked at differences in design preferences across the built environment and non-built environment participants. Finally, individuals from the built and non-built environments participants were invited to a focus group discussion for study three. To summarize, the findings demonstrated that adding vegetation is a crucial design feature. The findings refute the hypotheses of non-built environment specialists have different design perceptions for a built environment.
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DAI, XUDONG, XUEFEN MA, and YOUBAI XIE. "DESIGN ACTIVITY MODELING IN DISTRIBUTED KNOWLEDGE RESOURCES ENVIRONMENT." Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 10, no. 01 (June 2011): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219686711001990.
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For the definition of knowledge flow, knowledge-flow control and knowledge-acquisition in integrated product design within distributed knowledge resources environment, this paper studies the structural modeling of design activity for integrated product design. The common features of integrated design in distributed resources environment are summarized as follows: centering on specific design requirements, organizing related design resources to perform design activities, outputting design results, carrying on value analysis of design results, and then making design decisions on the basis of value analysis. Based on the common features, a structural model of integrated design activities in distributed resources environment is built, which presents the structural expression of knowledge flow by defining the design requirements, the design resource input, the result output, the design activities, the relationship between the design activities, and the values of the design activities. Design activities at different levels are defined according to the design process models at different levels. A design activity that has been defined can be packaged into design components. The essence of integrated design lies in knowledge integration, which is to be realized by defining the input and output relationship between the design components and the knowledge components.
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Watson, Kelly J. "Establishing psychological wellbeing metrics for the built environment." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 39, no. 2 (January 22, 2018): 232–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624418754497.
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The business case for wellbeing is now an influential agenda in the built environment. Increasing demand for user-centred environments means evidence-based design proven to deliver wellbeing outcomes for end users is essential. The challenge is to effectively capture and disseminate this evidence to a range of expert and non-expert audiences. Further, being able to make the link between increased wellbeing and an increase in the productivity, or performance, of building users requires new definitions and methods. An innovative wellbeing valuation approach is presented, consisting of a multi-item scale to measure and quantify the wellbeing outcomes experienced by building users, and impact reporting techniques using Social Return on Investment to produce transferable, monetised evaluation metrics. This combination has the capability to communicate the value of design in a powerful and accessible manner. Wellbeing valuation metrics represent an opportunity to develop new user-driven knowledge and shape the built environment in positive ways. Practical application: Wellbeing has become an influential agenda in the built environment in recent years, suggesting that user-centred priorities will become increasingly significant to the design and construction sector. The wellbeing valuation approach presented represents an innovative blend of a psychological wellbeing model, quantitative measurement and financial reporting to produce transferable metrics to communicate the value of design in a powerful and transformative manner. Wellbeing valuation is a nascent practice, but it provides the professions with opportunities to collaborate with end users and develop new knowledge about buildings, enhancing the ability of practitioners to shape the built environment in positive ways.
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McIntyre, Lesley J., and Ian Ruaraidh Harrison. "Knowledge exchange methods in practice: knowing how to design for older adults." Architectural Research Quarterly 20, no. 3 (September 2016): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135516000361.
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Complex design challenges exist in designing for a dynamic and ageing world. Designing for older adults is a timely and important issue. Understanding user requirements is vital and the appropriate exchange of this knowledge is crucial in the pursuit of supportive, sustainable buildings and the longevity of built-environment design.Capturing reflections from Built Environment Professionals (BEPs) in the UK, this paper investigates the practitioners’ viewpoint on knowledge exchange by specifically focusing on the scenario of designing for the requirements of older people. Thematic analysis of BEP conversations (n=10) and the results from a questionnaire (N=35) are presented.Findings uncover recommendations towards the enhancement of knowledge exchange. They highlight the fundamentals of good communication, the desire for structured knowledge, the value of contextual guidance, the importance of a visual format for BEPs, and the need for forms of guidance to support client motivations.The design process can be enabled by equipping practitioners with information about user requirements. Interestingly, it was also found that BEPs find value in direct user-engagement although further support tools for these engagements with building users was desired.Appropriate exchange of knowledge is essential for effective ‘real-world’ design impact. These findings, built from the scenario of designing for older adults, also apply to the broader context of all guidance used by Built Environment Professionals.
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BUXEDA, ROSA J., and DEBORAH A. MOORE. "Expanding a Learner-Centered Environment Using Group Reports and Constructivist Portfolios." Microbiology Education 2, no. 1 (May 2001): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/me.2.1.12-17.2001.
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A study was performed in the Microbial Physiology course to increase students’ self-awareness of their misconceptions, promote sound research techniques, develop written and oral communication skills, stimulate metacognition, and improve teamwork and interpersonal relationship skills. The transformation in the teaching methodology included using cooperative learning, field trips, and portfolios that targeted diverse learning styles to challenge students in creative ways and to help prepare them for future careers. The entire structure of the class was modified by introducing in-class portfolios to form a constructivist environment in which the discussion and lecture topic of the day were built on prior student knowledge. Based on evaluations, students were very pleased with the new teaching and learning process and learned more content than in the more traditional class. They also felt better able to reflect on their learning.
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Luo, Jian She, Wen Qiang Li, and Jie Jiang. "Product Innovation Design Knowledge Acquisition System Based on MAS." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 2044–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.2044.
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In order to help the designer collect relative materials from expanding Internet, a product innovation design knowledge acquisition system based on MAS has been developed. Information on the Internet can be divided into structured data, non-structured data and semi-structured data, and two different acquisition processes from different sources were established. Based on aforementioned, the framework of the system was established with federal system of MAS. Layered structure feature was applied in each internal federal system. Finally, the development environment was selected, and three-tier B/S architecture was adopted. Each function modules with system were fulfilled by programming.
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Panagopoulos, Thomas, Madalina Sbarcea, and Krzysztof Herman. "A biophilic mind-set for a restorative built environment." Landscape architecture and art 17 (March 14, 2021): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/j.landarchart.2020.17.08.
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The biophilic design promotes specific principles and patterns of nature-based solutions for health and well-being in the spaces we live and work. A growing body of literature advocates a more prominent role of nature in urban design and architecture, emphasizing the necessity of maintaining, enhancing, and restoring the beneficial experience of nature in the cities. Biophilia and nature-based solutions can improve the quality of built environment design and bring new opportunities to restore urban ecosystems and smart thinking for sustainable cities. The paper concludes that adopting biophilic principles in urban planning will lead to cities that can regenerate life and nurture end-users' health and well-being. Moreover, bring forward ways to transfer human nature ties' knowledge into restorative approaches to design the built environment.
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Yu, Jiang Ning, Hong Ming Cai, and Li Hong Jiang. "Knowledge-Based Web Service Environment for 3D Visualization." Advanced Materials Research 102-104 (March 2010): 926–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.102-104.926.
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Aiming at implementing knowledge reusability and high efficiency in the design process, this paper brings up a knowledge-based web service environment for 3D visualization (KWSE). KWSE proposes clearly: encapsulating geometry APIs to web services, knowledge fusion process and knowledge database management. To implement the construction it forms knowledge service model and knowledge-driven web service architecture. Following this architecture, a knowledge-driven 3D visualization system has been built using Open CASCADE geometry engine and WISF technology.
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Bowyer, E. C., V. Stephenson, W. Hawkins, and T. Ibell. "New Angles for Adaptive Building Reuse Research." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1078, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1078/1/012022.
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Abstract This paper seeks to establish the current state of research into adaptive building reuse with the view to highlighting new approaches and opportunities for expanding the collective knowledge on this subject. This approach focuses on appraisal and evaluation of current methods by looking through a structural engineering lens and considering the most beneficial options in terms of reducing additional embodied carbon intensity in our built environment.
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Salama, Ashraf M., and Yonca Hurol. "Polyphonic narratives for built environment research." Open House International 45, no. 1/2 (June 10, 2020): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-05-2020-0026.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to construct a series of narratives by assessing a selection of the key literature generated by Open House International (OHI) over a period of 15 years. The paper also presents a brief review of the latest developments of the journal while introducing concise observations on the articles published in this edition – Volume 45, Issues 1 and 2. Design/methodology/approach Through a classification procedure of selected special issues published by OHI since 2006, 10 issues were identified based on the currency of the issues they generated. Following the review of the editorials, the key content of more than 100 articles within these special issues, the content of this edition and relevant seminal literature, the analysis engages, through critical reflection, with various themes that echo the polyphonic nature of built environment research. Findings The analysis conveys the plurality and diversity in built environment research where generic types of narratives are established to include three categories, namely, leitmotif, contextual/conceptual and open-ended narratives. Each of which includes sub-narrative classifications. The leitmotif narrative includes design studio pedagogy, sustainable environments for tourism, responsive learning environments, affordable housing environments, diversity in urban environments and urbanism in globalised environments. The contextual/conceptual narrative encompasses architecture and urbanism in the global south and the tripartite urban performance and transformation. The open-ended narrative embraces thematic reflections on the contributions of this edition of OHI. Originality/value Constructing polyphonic narratives in built environment research based on contemporary knowledge is original in the sense of capturing the crux of the themes within these narratives and articulating this in a pithy form. The elocution of the narratives stimulates a sustained quest for re-thinking concepts, notions and issues of concerns while invigorating research prospects and setting the future direction of OHI.
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Bae, Sohyeon. "Design and Implementation of Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL): Expanding Knowledge of TPACK." Institute for Educational Research 35, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.35283/erft.2022.35.2.73.
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This study explored a case of Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) project conducted between University M in the USA and University I in Japan. To examine the design and implementation of COIL as teaching and learning processes, this study applied the TPACK model explaining teachers’knowledge on contents, pedagogy, and technology to the case. The model was expanded in this study by adding cultural knowledge to capture cultural differences of learners. The findings showed that instructors of COIL were expected to have knowledge of learning contents, pedagogical strategies, and technology suitable for their COIL experiences. Recognizing the differences in learners’ cultural backgrounds was also important for a more inclusive COIL environment. Practical suggestions for improvement of COIL design and implementation were included.
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Dai, Xu Dong, and Xue Fen Ma. "Modern Product Design Platform in Distributed Resource Environment." Advanced Materials Research 118-120 (June 2010): 795–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.118-120.795.
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The resources that product design relies on are more distributed than ever along with the varying of the global design environment. More and more resources outside of enterprises are needed during the product design process. The Modern Product Design platform supporting the product design under the circumstance of distributed resources will meet the requirement of the enterprise's product design and development under such conditions, and will simplify the implementation of the IT support system for integration of design resources outside of enterprises. In this paper the characteristics and supporting technologies of product modern design platform, which supporting the distributed design resource circumstance and centering on the enterprise, are studied. The building method of the platform is presented and a prototype of the product design platform is developed. Three subsystems are included in the platform; they are product requirements analysis system, product design planning system and design knowledge management system. Many design tasks can be supported on the platform, such as product requirement analysis, concept design, detail design, and experiment. The distributing, implementing, tracking and managing of product design lifecycle tasks can also be supported on the platform. The distributed design resources could be sealed as application components to provide design services. Design work flow model and knowledge flow model are built and controlled on the design platform. The design knowledge is managed based on the Six-Dimension Knowledge Classification.
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Heraud, Richard, Andrew Gibbons, Gregory Breen, Stuart Deerness, Mary-Jo Gilligan, and Andrew Denton. "Politics and place: Listening to the built learning environment." Policy Futures in Education 17, no. 4 (May 22, 2018): 474–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478210318777114.
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This article explores the ideological drivers behind learning environment discourses with a particular focus on the built environment and the ways in which the built environment narrates explicit and implicit ideology. The built environment reinforces ways of thinking in the day-to-day ordinary activities of the school space. However, it is important to recognise that both space and place are more than the built environment. In part, this paper’s task is to show how a theorisation of the relationship between policy and the built environment opens up a politics of space and place. The paper draws together the work of Penetito on place and Rancière on politics to provide a critique and theorisation of the experiences of school communities when subjected to the discourses of new learning environments. In order to engage in opening up to new ideas for policy making, the paper turns to space and place in design thinking. We look then to our knowledge of architecture, art and design to explore possibilities that remain somewhat under-imagined in contemporary theorisations of learning environments.
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Sheikh Haji Khalid, Sheikh Mohamed Izzat Bin, Siti Norhedayah Abdul Latif, and Fifi Faulina Haji Zailani. "An Eye-Opening Experience with Visual Impairment Students’ environment in Brunei Darussalam." International Journal of Social Learning (IJSL) 3, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47134/ijsl.v3i1.184.
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This paper aims to explore the experiences of students with visual impairment (VI) within their built school environment. A qualitative case study of four students with VI from three secondary government schools were interviewed following site observations of their schools. The study found that the students with VI do face anxiety towards their built school environment alongside the barriers they faced which can be thematically categorized into physical barriers, auditory barriers and lighting barriers. The study also revealed that many aspects of the school buildings and environment presented challenges and are intimidating to maneuver for VI students. The study has implications in expanding the field of study into Universal Design within Brunei Darussalam where future research can approach UD and it’s aspects in depth. Finally, the country had started dialogue regarding accessibility and its significance in the country’s National Vision Plan 2035 and the study hopes to bring insight into the types of barriers the built environment can have on students with VI and signal future development projects forward.
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Fischer, Gerhard, Kumiyo Nakakoji, Jonathan Ostwald, Gerry Stahl, and Tamara Sumner. "Embedding critics in design environments." Knowledge Engineering Review 8, no. 4 (December 1993): 285–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026988890000031x.
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AbstractHuman understanding in design evolves through a process of critiquing existing knowledge and consequently expanding the store of design knowledge. Critiquing is a dialogue in which the interjection of a reasoned opinion about a product or action triggers further reflection on or changes to the artifact being designed. Our work has focused on applying this successful human critiquing paradigm to human-computer interaction. We argue that computer-based critiquing systems are most effective when they are embedded in domain-oriented design environments, which are knowledge-based computer systems that support designers in specifying a problem and constructing a solution. Embedded critics play a number of important roles in such design environments: (1) they increase the designer's understanding of design situations by pointing out problematic situations early in the design process; (2) they support the integration of problem framing and problem solving by providing a linkage between the design specification and the design construction; and (3) they help designers access relevant information in the large information spaces provided by the design environment. Three embedded critiquing mechanisms—generic, specific, and interpretive critics—are presented, and their complementary roles within the design environment architecture are described.
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Malakhatka, Elena, Liridona Sopjani, and Per Lundqvist. "Co-Creating Service Concepts for the Built Environment Based on the End-User’s Daily Activities Analysis: KTH Live-in-Lab Explorative Case Study." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 11, 2021): 1942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041942.
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The purpose of this study is to synthesize the widely used theories about co-creation from two main perspectives: co-creation as an innovation process and co-creation as a design process applied to the service concept design in the built environment context. The architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry do not have much application of end-user-oriented service design in general, especially with intensive co-creation processes. To facilitate such a process, we are using a living lab environment as a laboratorial model of the real built environment, but with the opportunity to have access to the end-users and different types of stakeholders. Using the KTH Live-in-Lab explorative case study, we were able to discuss the concept of co-creation by distinguishing between co-creation as innovation and co-creation as a design process, facilitating the process of co-creation of service concepts for the proposed built environment including methods from both perspectives: innovation and design, and evaluating the process of service concepts co-creation for the built environment from the point of innovation, knowledge transfer, sustainability, and user experience.
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Bourkoukou, Outmane, Essaid El Bachari, and Mohamed Lachgar. "Recommendation method based on learner profile and demonstrated knowledge." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 26, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 1634. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v26.i3.pp1634-1642.
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The COVID-19 <span>pandemic is increasingly gaining popularity when discussing e-learning in the context of institutional and organizational learning because of its numerous benefits which make it possible for learners to learn regardless of the circumstances and/or the timing. Therefore, the expanding dominion of online learning has caused problem in terms of determining adequate learning activities for the learner in this context, and it relatively becomes a widely used learning technique for learners. Several studies in online learning focused mainly on increasing student achievements based on recommendation systems. An ideal recommender system in e-learning environment should be built with both accurate and pedagogical goals. To address this challenge, we propose a recommendation method based on learner preferences and knowledge level using machine learning technique. The learning approach is designed based on this technology to build a personalized e-learning scenario by selecting the most adequate learning activities for the learner. Moreover, several experiences were conducted in the real environment to evaluate our system. The results show the quality of learning and the learner's satisfaction.</span>
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Hayes, Desha, and Gibbs. "Findings of Case-Study Analysis: System-Level Biomimicry in Built-Environment Design." Biomimetics 4, no. 4 (November 1, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4040073.
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Complex systems challenges like those facing 21st-century humanity, require system-level solutions that avoid siloed or unnecessarily narrow responses. System-level biomimicry aims to identify and adopt design approaches that have been developed and refined within ecosystems over 3.8 billion years of evolution. While not new, system-level biomimetic solutions have been less widely applied in urban design than the ‘form’ and ‘process’ level counterparts. This paper explores insights from a selection of system-level case studies in the built environment, using meta-analysis to investigate common challenges and priorities from these projects to support knowledge-sharing and continued development in the field. Using a grounded research approach, common themes are distilled, and findings presented regarding success and barriers to implementation and scaling. Considering the findings, and drawing on complex adaptive systems theory, the paper posits opportunities to facilitate broader implementation and mainstreaming of system-level biomimetic design approaches in the built environment.
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Brockmöller, Tim, Renan Siqueira, Paul C. Gembarski, Iryna Mozgova, and Roland Lachmayer. "Computer-Aided Engineering Environment for Designing Tailored Forming Components." Metals 10, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 1589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10121589.
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The use of multi-material forming components makes it possible to produce components adapted to the respective requirements, which have advantages over mono-material components. The necessary consideration of an additional material increases the possible degrees of freedom in product and manufacturing process development. As a result, development becomes more complex and special expert knowledge is required. To counteract this, computer-aided engineering environments with knowledge-based tools are increasingly used. This article describes a computer-aided engineering environment (CAEE) that can be used to design hybrid forming components that are produced by tailored forming, a process chain developed in the Collaborative Research Center (CRC) 1153. The CAEE consists of a knowledge base, in which the knowledge necessary for the design of tailored forming parts, including manufacturer restrictions, is stored and made available. For the generation of rough and detailed design and for elaboration the following methods are used. The topology optimization method, Interfacial Zone Evolutionary Optimization (IZEO), which determines the material distribution. The design of optimized joining zone geometries, by robust design. The elaboration of the components by means of highly flexible computer-aided design (CAD) models, which are built according to the generative parametric design approach (GPDA).
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Chen, Jing, Silvia Maria Gramegna, and Alessandro Biamonti. "at home” for people with dementia in care environments." Convergences - Journal of Research and Arts Education 14, no. 27 (May 31, 2021): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.53681/c1514225187514391s.27.72.
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This review summarises the challenges of applying evidence that built environment factors contribute to people with dementia feeling at home in long-term care institutions. Eighteen reviewed publications are classified into research-focused and practice-focused study. Research-focused studies from scientific epistemology focus on physical environment aspects that influence residents feeling at home in the care institution. Design-focused studies develop specific design strategies based on evidence from research-focused studies. However, there are limitations in transforming research evidence into design practice due to a mismatched knowledge foundation. Future research should consider standing on design epistemology to gain new insights which reflect built environment contributions to the sense of home for people with dementia living in care institutions by Research through Design approach.
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Ene, Gloria Unoma, Jack Steven Goulding, and Godfaurd Adjaie John. "Sustainable human capacity development in the African built environment." Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 5, no. 3 (September 5, 2016): 212–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-08-2016-0018.
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Purpose A growing recognition that human capital is a more critical factor than physical capital in wealth creation has led to the drive for individuals, organisations, industries and societies to become knowledge producing entities. Africa’s growing population, high rate of urbanisation and demand for sustainable infrastructure development have highlighted the need for human capacity development (HCD). However, studies indicate that the supply systems for learning which African construction organisations rely on are weak and immature generating wide spread reports of skills shortages, skills mismatches, skill deficiencies and concomitant high unemployment. This paper forms the prologue in a wider research aimed at developing a workforce capability optimising model for construction firms and the purpose of this paper is to review literature relating to HCD to highlight needs and to explore the applicability of emerging workforce development (WD) approaches in project-based construction workplaces. Design/methodology/approach Literature review, limited to peer reviewed academic publications in English from 2000 to 2016. Findings Much of the literature reviewed focus on educational aspects and consequently basic entry skills into the construction workforce. Workplace learning (WL), though acknowledged, is not given much attention. However, life-long learning, WL and self-directed learning have taken on greater significance because of the transient nature of knowledge in the Knowledge Age. WD practices of construction firms in Africa range from non-existent to average particularly at intermediate skills levels. Originality/value The paper makes a case for improved WD systems applicable to the African construction workplace and introduces elements of a proposed capability optimising framework that supports sustained effective learning environments and learners. Significantly, the model will incorporate HCD for intermediate skills and learning at the project level of the organisation.
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Haase, Jeffrey. "Temporary Space - Permanent Knowledge." Open House International 31, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2006-b0013.
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This paper describes a studio model that attempts to bridge the gap between conventional design studio settings and professional practice, by adopting design-build principles that incorporate experiential learning theory, derived from the early research of Dewey, Lewin, and Piaget. Part of the dichotomy of the profession is the dynamic difference in the established representational tools of the trade and the result of the built environment. This disconnect exists because the tools of the trade utilize two dimensional explanations about a three dimensional place, typically comprised of drawings in the form of plans, elevations, and perspectives. Additionally, there is a dynamic difference in scale that exists between these tools and the environments they represent. Thus, design educators tend to teach representational techniques without teaching a clear understanding of what they represent. This gap in education creates a gap in the profession. The described case studies outline an alternative studio model that is intended to introduce some of the “realities” often missing in a conventional studio approach. Each of the case studies involved second year Interior Design students, who were given the parameters of an existing space with specific user needs. The students had to design and then physically construct that interior environment all within a ten week time period (one academic quarter). By creating a more “hands-on” learning environment, it is the hope that students retain that knowledge in a more meaningful and lasting way, with the ability to transfer that experience over to similar situations in other studio settings and within the professional practice.
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Hayes, Samantha, Jane Toner, Cheryl Desha, and Mark Gibbs. "Enabling Biomimetic Place-Based Design at Scale." Biomimetics 5, no. 2 (May 18, 2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics5020021.
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Amidst the inter-related challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and population growth, the built environment must be designed in a way that recognises its role in shaping and being shaped by complex social and ecological systems. This includes avoiding the degradation of living systems in the design and construction of buildings and infrastructure, as well as enhancing the built environment’s resilience to disturbance by those systems. This paper explores the potential for biomimetic place-based design (BPD) to inform resilient and regenerative built environment outcomes by learning from local ecosystems. One recognised hurdle is the upfront resourcing required to establish the biomimetic knowledge base for each project. However, conducting BPD projects at-scale (i.e., city or region) can improve the method’s value-proposition by better leveraging upfront research efforts, design concepts, and strategies. This research identifies existing barriers to the widespread adoption of BPD and presents an action framework for capability-building across industry, government, and academia to enable application at-scale. Drawing on findings from workshops in the USA and Australia, it creates a resource for colleagues looking to apply BPD in a city or region and offers next steps for research and development.
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Zhang, Cheng, and Bing Chen. "Enhancing Learning and Teaching for Architectural Engineering Students uing Virtual Building Design and Construction." Higher Education Studies 9, no. 2 (February 26, 2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/hes.v9n2p45.
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It is important for students in the built environment related disciplines to acquire subject-based knowledge and skills from reflecting on their experience. In return, the learning-by-doing approach has been widely adopted in the academic cluster of built environment. To further strengthen this, this paper proposes a Virtual Reality (VR) based learning and teaching tool. It creates a virtual 3D environment that helps architectural engineering students conceive their design ideas, plan the layout, design the structure, construct the products (buildings, communities, infrastructures, etc.), and directly interact with the products they designed. The objectives of this research are: (1) to build a VR design environment for students to experience corresponding impact from different scenarios, which will help the student understand and investigate different design theories and schemes; (2) to build a VR construction environment for students to investigate how the building is built and what safety issues should be noted when visiting a construction site; and (3) to provide a collaborative environment for students in the Built Environment domain for better communication through a complete building project featuring active and experiential learning. Unity is used to develop the package and VIVE, a VR package, is used to facilitate the immersive interaction between the virtual environment and the users. Students from the Built Environment cluster were invited to use the tool and give feedback using a questionnaire. Positive comments were given by the students showing that they were very interested in studying academic subjects through such a technical game. All of them wanted to play more rounds to improve their performance and to find answers to the questions they failed to answer correctly. Most of the students were willing to spend more time in finding answers after playing that game.
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Marinic, Gregory. "Material Atmospheres: Theorising Recent Shifts in Interior Visualisation." Interiority 2, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/in.v2i1.54.
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Much like Walter Benjamin's analysis of the Parisian arcades during the interwar years of the early 20th century, emerging methods of seeing interior spaces reveal a deeper gaze into the contextual, material, and phenomenological conditions that produce more nuanced visions of interiority. A collective consciousness surrounding these constructed narratives is reflected in charged associations with the most salient imperatives of our time—globalisation, resource depletion, ecological degradation, and political instability—as well as their corresponding effects on the built environment. These visual provocations have incrementally percolated up to embody an expanding field of design activism for educators, theorists, practitioners, and students. How do these avant-garde techniques operate? What do they reveal about socio-political, economic, and consumptive forces shaping the global built environment? How do these speculative methods offer more critical ways to communicate dynamic conditions?
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Zalamea Patino, Olga Piedad, Jos Van Orshoven, and Thérèse Steenberghen. "Merging and expanding existing ontologies to cover the Built Cultural Heritage domain." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 8, no. 2 (May 21, 2018): 162–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-05-2017-0028.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the development of an ontological model consisting of terms and relationships between these terms, creating a conceptual information model for the Built Cultural Heritage (BCH) domain, more specifically for preventive conservation. Design/methodology/approach The On-To-Knowledge methodology was applied in the ontology development process. Terms related to preventive conservation were identified by means of a taxonomy which was used later to identify related existing ontologies. Three ontologies were identified and merged, i.e. Geneva City Geographic Markup Language (Geneva CityGML), Monument Damage ontology (Mondis) and CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC-CRM). Additional classes and properties were defined as to provide a complete semantic framework for management of BCH. Findings A BCH-ontology for preventive conservation was created. It consists of 143 classes from which 38 originate from the Mondis ontology, 38 from Geneva CityGML, 37 from CIDOC-CRM and 30 were newly created. The ontology was applied in a use case related to the New cathedral in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. Advantages over other type of systems and for the BCH-domain were discussed based on this example. Research limitations/implications The proposed ontology is in a testing stage through which a number of its aspects are being verified. Originality/value This ontological model is the first one to focus on the preventive conservation of BCH.
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Pan, Lifeng. "Color Module Computer Aided Design in Indoor Environment." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 2, no. 2 (May 1, 2016): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v2.i2.pp461-468.
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In this study, a comprehensive solution set of strategies is proposed for interior color design. Computer aided design methods are utilized to solve the problems in the color scheme process, the existing circumstances, shortage and trend of current color scheme tools are analyzed based on interior design theory and modern design methodology. The appropriative color space is constructd to redound the process of special color selection，the tone harmonizing tool is built based on architecture exterior design，and the color knowledge database and scheme database are contrived，the rationality of the color scheme method is validated by integrated cases, the effective way of computer aided color design is obtained and this method is applied to the instance of interior design, it provides a key module for the interior design system software. In the design process, the factors are taken such as color space property，color harmonizing effect，color tone classification, material and texture effect, a viable color enactment is provided for modern interior design.
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James-Chakraborty, Kathleen. "Expanding Agency. Women, Race and the Dissemination of Modern Architecture." ZARCH, no. 18 (September 2, 2022): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2022186967.
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Expanding Agency: Women, Race and the Dissemination of Modern Architecture is a five-year research project funded by a European Research Council Advanced Grant. It explores the role that women and members of ethnic minorities, primarily African Americans, played in transmitting modern architecture and design internationally between 1920 and 1970. Strands devoted to patronage, journalism, entrepreneurship, and institution building offer alternatives to accounts that focus primarily on architects. This approach expands our understanding of who had agency in this important story and more generally in shaping the built environment. Taking a global view that stresses comparisons across continents also helps build a more nuanced history of how architecture, landscape architecture, interior decoration, and the design of furnishing were transformed by new ideas that emanated from a multiplicity of sources. This in turn can help support a more diverse profession that, in the wake of #metoo and Black Lives Matter, is better prepared to engage with a broad public, including to address such social challenges as sustainability and the integration of migrants.
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Gharipour, Mohammad, and Amber L. Trout. "Curriculum development in health and the built environment: creating a multidisciplinary platform to enhance knowledge and engagement." Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research 14, no. 3 (May 13, 2020): 439–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arch-09-2019-0212.
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PurposeOur lived experiences are complex, dynamic and increasingly connected locally and globally through virtual realities that call for an evolution and responsiveness from the field of architecture education. To ensure future built environments are designed to nurture healing and health, this paper aims to address a critical need in architecture education to integrate knowledge of health and social-behavioral disciplines in students' course work. The authors will outline the process of preparing a new multidisciplinary course on health and the built environment (HBE) at the School of Architecture and Planning at Morgan State University in Baltimore, USA, as an effort to challenge the barriers of discipline-specific pathways to learning in the field of architecture.Design/methodology/approachThe central question is how to develop an active learning pedagogy to foster a multidisciplinary learning environment focused on the “practice” (how to) of human-design-oriented approaches to improve the capability of built and natural environments to promote health and healing. The course intentionally centered on the real-life experiences of students to ground their new understanding of health and well-being fields. The course proposal went through an extensive peer-review process of reviewers from the National Institute of Health (NIH) and other departments at Morgan State University to ensure a balance between health- and architecture-specific curricula with a transdisciplinary approach to understanding complex health issues.FindingsThis paper shows the effectiveness of tools and techniques applied in the course to challenge architectural students to integrate various health and behavior perspectives in their designs and to apply health and healing principals to their current and future design projects.Originality/valueWhile there are courses in American universities that offer a traditional introduction to health concerns related to the built environment, there is limited focus on the perspective of the design field approach to improve health and healing outcomes.
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Temesi, Apol. "Raw Material-Centric Didactics : Multi-Sensory Material Knowledge in Design Education." Disegno 5, no. 1-2 (2021): 154–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21096/disegno_2021_1-2at.
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The raw material-centric and holistic designer attitude has become a subject of design education in recent years. This approach is expanding and has adapted itself to the full scope of advanced capitalism, including consideration of the use of raw materials, market reception, and the environmental aspects. The pedagogic roots of the new perspective, such as the DIY approach and the origins of the expressive sensory atlas, can be traced back to the Bauhaus foundation courses. Tactility is today the starting point for examining consumer behavior related to the market success of raw material developments. The pilot courses, launched in collaboration with Italian and Dutch technical and art universities, are based on the methodologies of Itten and Moholy-Nagy and examine our relationship with raw materials and their unexplored possibilities. Moholy-Nagy’s approach of seeking solutions to life’s problems not in isolation but bearing the community’s interests in mind was revived by Victor Papanek in the 1970s and has recently been renewed in Alice Rawsthorn’s expression “attitudinal design.” The raw material-centric pilot courses of the previous years have now become permanent at European art universities. This article introduces the methodological approaches to raw material-centric design, that are built on my own experiences and innovative solutions. The holistic view of these approaches combines Moholy-Nagy’s “material-form-function” unity with the motivations behind consumption and the sensory properties of materials.
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Bassolino, Eduardo. "Definition of Urban Built Environment Climate Adaptive Design Actions Aided by Environmental Data-Driven Design Processes." Atmosphere 13, no. 11 (November 4, 2022): 1835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13111835.
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Environmental and technological design for climate adaptation in the urban built environment can no longer be separated from the generation, collection, or use of data (big data). ICT tools (Information and Communication Technologies), for the modelling and simulation of the built urban environment are identified as measuring devices and provide knowledge on the impacts of climate change in design practice based on an environmentally data-driven approach. This study aims to define a framework for the evaluation of environmental health and comfort parameters applicable to simulation tools, with a specific focus on thermal and environmental exchanges between indoor and outdoor spaces, to define those factors that affect the perception of user’s well-being in thermal stress conditions (e.g., heatwaves), both indoor and outdoor. Through the definition of two study cases in the city of Naples, Italy, special attention was paid to investigating the interaction between outdoor and indoor performance when urban temperatures rise. A comparison between a daily survey for occupants and simulations was conducted to confirm the validity of the data obtainable from the perceived thermal sensations. The obtained results show that the designed framework can reliably simulate real outdoor and indoor conditions according to comfort indices such as the predicted mean vote and adaptive comfort model. The methodological framework developed can guarantee the interoperability of data to simulate indoor and outdoor environments responding to real conditions and determine a favourable condition for the development of urban redevelopment interventions through the application of climate adaptive design strategies.
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Manni, Mattia, and Andrea Nicolini. "Multi-Objective Optimization Models to Design a Responsive Built Environment: A Synthetic Review." Energies 15, no. 2 (January 11, 2022): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15020486.
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A synthetic review of the application of multi-objective optimization models to the design of climate-responsive buildings and neighbourhoods is carried out. The review focused on the software utilized during both simulation and optimization stages, as well as on the objective functions and the design variables. The hereby work aims at identifying knowledge gaps and future trends in the research field of automation in the design of buildings. Around 140 scientific journal articles, published between 2014 and 2021, were selected from Scopus and Web of Science databases. A three-step selection process was applied to refine the search terms and to discard works investigating mechanical, structural, and seismic topics. Meta-analysis of the results highlighted that multi-objective optimization models are widely exploited for (i) enhancing building’s energy efficiency, (ii) improving thermal and (iii) visual comfort, minimizing (iv) life-cycle costs, and (v) emissions. Reviewed workflows demonstrated to be suitable for exploring different design alternatives for building envelope, systems layout, and occupancy patterns. Nonetheless, there are still some aspects that need to be further enhanced to fully enable their potential such as the ability to operate at multiple temporal and spatial scales and the possibility of exploring strategies based on sector coupling to improve a building’s energy efficiency.
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Sturlaugson, Brent, Rebekah Radtke, and Anita Lee-Post. "MEASURING UP: A CASE FOR REDRAWING THE SYSTEM BOUNDARIES OF SUSTAINABILITY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY." Journal of Green Building 14, no. 3 (June 2019): 159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.14.3.159.
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The primary goal of this paper is to examine the role that sustainability assessment and reporting plays in creating a sustainable campus for academic excellence. A prototype sustainability assessment and reporting system is developed for triple bottom line impact analysis of the built environment of the newly expanded and renovated Gatton College of Business and Economics at the University of Kentucky. The prototype system utilizes a toolkit to collect environmental, social, and economic data of the building's built environment for sustainable design performance analyses. The system also employs a comprehensive set of sustainability metrics to measure and report the building's triple bottom line impacts on academic success. In sum, our study succeeds in (1) expanding the definition and evaluation of campus buildings' sustainability to include environmental, social, and economic factors, (2) providing campus stakeholders with a toolkit for assessing the sustainability of campus buildings, and (3) creating a comprehensive sustainability metric for benchmarking and tracking campus buildings' triple bottom line impacts on academic success.
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Zumelzu, Antonio, and Marie Geraldine Herrmann-Lunecke. "Mental Well-Being and the Influence of Place: Conceptual Approaches for the Built Environment for Planning Healthy and Walkable Cities." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (June 4, 2021): 6395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116395.
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Promotion of healthy cities has prompted urban planners and designers to build new conceptual frameworks to improve the design of public spaces, in which mental well-being emerges as a fundamental concept. Mental well-being is related to spatial design, with increasing attention being paid to the built environment as an important predictor of mental well-being. The objective of this article is to advance and contribute new knowledge about the characteristics of the built environment and its potential benefits for mental well-being. A meta-analysis is carried out on various empirical and theoretical approaches from the literature. Using a WOS database as a case study, a methodology based on a bibliometric analysis is proposed to examine which elements of the built environment impact mental well-being in research between 1975 and 2020, using the HistCites and VOSviewer tools. The results show that there are six thematic axes related to the built environment that would favor greater mental well-being in public spaces: walkability, density, spatial design, environmental noise, green areas and social interaction. The six thematic axes are critically analyzed and integrated into a conceptual framework to address the impacts of the built environment on mental well-being in the planning of cities. It concludes with a discussion on the implications of these concepts for urban public policy and the promotion of healthier and more sustainable and walkable environments in Latin American cities.
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Monchuk, Leanne, Simon Parkinson, and James Kitchen. "Towards Automating Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) Analysis to Predict Burglary." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 29 (May 25, 2021): 539–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v29i1.3520.
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The design of the built environment (such as housing developments, street networks) can increase the opportunity for crime and disorder to occur. For example, a housing development with poor surveillance can provide an opportunity for offenders to commit residential burglary and avoid detection. Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) aims to reduce crime and disorder through the design and manipulation of the built environment. The police typically play an important role in the delivery and application of CPTED by assessing planning applications, identifying design features that may provide an opportunity for crime and offering remedial advice. In England and Wales, it is common practice for police specialists – Designing out Crime Officers (DOCOs) – to review architectural site plans during the planning process. However, owing to significant cuts to policing budgets, the number of DOCOs in post is reducing whilst the demand for new housing is on the increase. In this novel work, it is demonstrated that key knowledge about the opportunities for crime and disorder within the built environment can be elicited from a purposive sample of 28 experienced DOCOs, encoded in a domain model and utilised by Automated Planning techniques to automatically assess architectural site plans for future crime risk.
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Nikologianni, Anastasia, Peter J. Larkham, and Kathryn Moore. "Built Environment and Landscape Design as Tools for Climate Resilient Cities and Regions." ATHENS JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE 7, no. 3 (June 15, 2021): 335–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/aja.7-3-1.
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This paper explores project frameworks and design methods in order to reveal innovative ways and processes for creating more resilient cities and regions. Considering major environmental, economic and social challenges and extracting key quality elements from pioneer development schemes, the aim is to identify methods and policies that have a significant impact on the transformation, landscape quality and sustainability of places at city and regional scale. Starting with the model of design quality in project delivery, and looking at a transformation model, the paper discusses best practices for the development of concept and implementation before it considers the model of pan-European collaboration. An investigation of climate adaptation issues through the ‘Room for the River’, a national programme in the Netherlands, demonstrates the significance of landscape design, low carbon and spatial quality as vital aspects of the built environment. The West Midlands National Park (WMNP UK), a major infrastructure proposal, demonstrates how a broader vision can help drive environmental, social and economic transformation in a region, whilst SATURN, an EIT Climate-KIC project, reveals the first stages of a pan-European city collaboration with the aim of reintegrating the natural assets within the climate change impact strategies of the participating cities, and exchanging knowledge between European regions. This paper suggests that landscape design and the built environment are important drivers towards a successful low carbon transition, and they can simultaneously enhance social and landscape identity and boost the economy of a region.
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Lin, Mo Fei, and Yan Chen. "Study about the Recycled Construction Wastes for Landscape Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 2390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.2390.
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In recent years, there were plenty of construction wastes coming with the expanding of urban built-up areas and the progress of urban redevelopment. Consequently, how to renew and recycle the construction wastes becomes more and more important. Aiming at the causes and characteristics of various construction wastes, this paper advocates that landscape design may be used to solve this problem. Based on the current development about some treatments for the construction wastes in the world, it presents an effective recycling approach by using the wastes as landscape materials to re-discover the construction wastes’ values in environment, economy and society. Furthermore, four principles for this kind of recycling in the whole design process should be followed well, i.e. hommization, functionality, aesthetic and innovation. This paper also provides the direct and circular design methods, and illustrates the detailed practices, in order to offer new thinking for the materials application of landscape design.
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Rice, Louis. "The nature and extent of healthy architecture: the current state of progress." Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research 13, no. 2 (July 15, 2019): 244–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arch-11-2018-0005.
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Purpose The design of the built environment is a determinant of health. Accordingly, there is an increasing need for greater harmonization of the architectural profession and public health. However, there is a lack of knowledge on whether designers of the built environment are changing their practices to deliver healthier urban habitats. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The research uses a multi-method approach to data analysis, including: systematic mapping study, structured review and thematic analysis. Findings The research finds that there are almost no requirements for the compulsory inclusion of health across institutions and agencies that have the power to execute and mandate the scope of architectural profession, training, education, practice or knowledge. Despite the urgent need for action and the myriad entreatments for greater integration between architecture and health, there is very little evidence progress. Practical implications The research has implications for the architectural profession and architectural education. Health and well-being is not currently an integral part of the educational or professional training requirements for architects. University educational curriculum and Continuing Professional Development criteria need to better integrate health and well-being into their knowledge-base. Social implications The design of the built environment is currently undertaken by an architectural profession that lacks specialized knowledge of health and well-being. There is a risk to society of environments that fail to adequately protect and promote the health and well-being of its inhabitants. Originality/value The research evidences, for the first time, the lack of integration of “health and wellbeing” within the architecture profession training or education systems.
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Goel, Ashish. "Sustainability in construction and built environment: a “wicked problem”?" Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 8, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 2–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-06-2018-0030.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine various uncertainties underlying the concept of sustainability in construction and built environment (SCBE) and determine if SCBE is a “wicked problem” (WP).Design/methodology/approachQualitative text analysis and inductive reasoning are used as research methods in this paper. Text analysis of extant literature is performed to categorise the uncertainties underlying the concept of SCBE. Inductive reasoning, based on these categories of uncertainties and the characteristics of WPs provided in the seminal work of Rittel and Webber (1973), is used to assess SCBE as a probable WP.FindingsSix distinct categories of uncertainties underlying the concept of SCBE are developed: temporal uncertainty, spatial uncertainty, stakeholder uncertainty, societal uncertainty, dimensional uncertainty and assessment uncertainty. The inductive reasoning provides a prima facie evidence that SCBE, underpinned by these uncertainties, is a WP.Originality/valueTo the best of author’s knowledge, this is first of its kind analysis that assesses SCBE from a WP perspective by a systematic categorisation of underlying uncertainties. The findings necessitate a new approach for the context-specific conception of sustainability to commensurate with local values. They also provide a sound academic base to challenge the positivist notions generally associated with SCBE, reflected in sustainability assessment and rating systems currently pursued globally as a means of promoting SCBE.
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Tavakoli Taba, Seyedamir, Mohammad Mojtahedi, and Sidney Newton. "Disaster risk management approaches in construction and built environment." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 11, no. 1 (November 16, 2019): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-06-2019-0032.
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Purpose Currently there is no analysis of the development of disaster risk management literature in the construction and built environment context, the changes in its research paradigms over time and the role of different key players in the advance of its current body of knowledge. This study aims to address that gap by investigating the longitudinal data of disaster risk management literature published over the past three decades. Design/methodology/approach A social network analysis approach is used in this study to show the overall development of the field and specifically the impact of research collaborations between different organisations and countries on research productivity. Findings The results indicate that the focus of disaster risk management research in the built environment context is heavily biased towards reactive strategies (response and recovery) over proactive strategies (mitigation and preparedness). The findings also demonstrate that collaboration between disaster risk management researchers has a significant influence on their research productivity. Originality/value The findings from this study should be of value to researchers, policymakers and academic strategists. This study for the first time shows the ability of the social networks paradigm to reveal frailties in research connections in the field of disaster risk management in construction and built environment and highlights where networking strategies are needed.
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Mabry, Ruth M., Huda Al Siyabi, Muhssen Kannan, and Amal Al Siyabi. "Physical activity and the built environment: perceptions of policy-makers in Oman." Health Promotion International 35, no. 4 (July 21, 2019): 762–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daz066.
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Abstract The prevalence of physical activity is low in the Sultanate of Oman. The built environment is a key barrier to physical activity in the region. Our aim is to examine urban planners’ perceptions of the relevance and feasibility of the proposed urban planning and design interventions in the draft WHO technical package on physical activity. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 professionals using a pre-tested interview guide. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Content analysis based on the socio-ecological framework (policy, physical, socio-cultural and information environment) was used to identify the perceived urban design challenges and solutions. Urban sprawl due to haphazard urban and transport design, limited accessibility to parks and sports facilities, negative perceptions about active travel and limited understanding of physical activity were key challenges identified by interviewees. Participants suggested strengthening governance through policy and intersectoral collaboration, improving community design and accessibility to parks, considering the needs of diverse populations and improving knowledge and attitudes of physical activity as priority when adapting the WHO technical package to Oman. Mid-level managers prioritized three interventions from the package: the need for political commitment and capacity building on how the built environment can promote physical activity, a national political on physical activity that promotes a safe infrastructure for active transport, and accessibility to sports and recreational facilities. Negative perceptions of active travel and cultural expectations that constrain mobility requires a society-wide paradigm shift, the first objective of the WHO global action plan.
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Guo, Xiaopeng, and Yanmin Xue. "The Professional Education Ecosystem of Industrial Design at Georgia Institute of Technology Based on SECI Model." E3S Web of Conferences 179 (2020): 02032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017902032.
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The changes in international competitive environment and the adjustment of national industrial development strategy have put forward new requirements for the education of industrial design. Industrial design is the research on design knowledge. It includes systematic explicit knowledge and empirical tacit knowledge. The education of design is about the transfer and accumulation of this specialized knowledge. By using SECI model of knowledge transformation and creation proposed by Ikujiro Nonaka and others, this article analyzes four processes of knowledge transformation, the platform of knowledge transformation (“Ba”) and knowledge assets. It studies the educational mode of the School of Industrial Design at Georgia Institute of Technology. From basic professional education, to department-level studio courses and university-level laboratory research, to the completion of industrial design education, professional knowledge is built up through the whole process, thus a virtuous cycle of professional education ecosystem is established. It is hoped this will bring useful experience to the education of industrial design in China.