Academic literature on the topic 'Exogenous and endogenous attention'

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Journal articles on the topic "Exogenous and endogenous attention"

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Grubb, M. A., A. White, D. J. Heeger, and M. Carrasco. "Does exogenous attention modulate endogenous attention?" Journal of Vision 13, no. 9 (2013): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/13.9.473.

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Zhu, Ping, Qingqing Yang, Luo Chen, et al. "Working-Memory-Guided Attention Competes with Exogenous Attention but Not with Endogenous Attention." Behavioral Sciences 13, no. 5 (2023): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs13050426.

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Recent research has extensively investigated working memory (WM)-guided attention, which is the phenomenon of attention being directed towards information in the external environment that matches the content stored in WM. While prior studies have focused on the potential influencing factors of WM-guided attention, little is known about the nature of it. This attention system exhibits characteristics of two classical distinct attention systems: exogenous attention and endogenous attention, as it can operate automatically like exogenous attention yet persist for a long time and be modulated by c
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Wang, Teng, Haifeng Hu, and Chen He. "Image Caption with Endogenous–Exogenous Attention." Neural Processing Letters 50, no. 1 (2019): 431–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11063-019-09979-7.

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Santangelo, Valerio, Marta Olivetti Belardinelli, Charles Spence, and Emiliano Macaluso. "Interactions between Voluntary and Stimulus-driven Spatial Attention Mechanisms across Sensory Modalities." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21, no. 12 (2009): 2384–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2008.21178.

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In everyday life, the allocation of spatial attention typically entails the interplay between voluntary (endogenous) and stimulus-driven (exogenous) attention. Furthermore, stimuli in different sensory modalities can jointly influence the direction of spatial attention, due to the existence of cross-sensory links in attentional control. Using fMRI, we examined the physiological basis of these interactions. We induced exogenous shifts of auditory spatial attention while participants engaged in an endogenous visuospatial cueing task. Participants discriminated visual targets in the left or right
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Gong, Mingliang, Tingyu Liu, Yingbing Chen, and Yingying Sun. "Dissociable Effects of Endogenous and Exogenous Attention on Crowding: Evidence from Event-Related Potentials." Brain Sciences 14, no. 10 (2024): 956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14100956.

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Background/Objectives: Crowding is a common visual phenomenon that can significantly impair the recognition of objects in peripheral vision. Two recent behavioral studies have revealed that both exogenous and endogenous attention can alleviate crowding, but exogenous attention seems to be more effective. Methods: The present study employed the event-related potential (ERP) technique to explore the electrophysiological characteristics of the influence of these two types of attention on crowding. In the experiment, participants were required to judge whether the letter “T” was upright or inverte
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Jigo, Michael, David J. Heeger, and Marisa Carrasco. "An image-computable model of how endogenous and exogenous attention differentially alter visual perception." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 33 (2021): e2106436118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2106436118.

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Attention alters perception across the visual field. Typically, endogenous (voluntary) and exogenous (involuntary) attention similarly improve performance in many visual tasks, but they have differential effects in some tasks. Extant models of visual attention assume that the effects of these two types of attention are identical and consequently do not explain differences between them. Here, we develop a model of spatial resolution and attention that distinguishes between endogenous and exogenous attention. We focus on texture-based segmentation as a model system because it has revealed a clea
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Berger, Andrea, and Avishai Henik. "The Endogenous Modulation of IOR is Nasal-Temporal Asymmetric." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 12, no. 3 (2000): 421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892900562246.

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Inhibition of return (IOR) refers to a reflexive mechanism mediated by phylogenetically primitive extrageniculate visuomotor pathways, which apparently serves to favor novel spatial locations by inhibiting those recently sampled. We demonstrate an asymmetry between temporal and nasal hemifields in the strategic modulation of IOR by endogenously controlled attention. Exogenous and endogenous precues were manipulated independently on each trial such that precues to initiate endogenous spatial orienting were presented after IOR had been activated by exogenous visual signals. Both types of precues
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Reeck, Crystal, Kevin S. LaBar, and Tobias Egner. "Neural Mechanisms Mediating Contingent Capture of Attention by Affective Stimuli." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 24, no. 5 (2012): 1113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00211.

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Attention is attracted exogenously by physically salient stimuli, but this effect can be dampened by endogenous attention settings, a phenomenon called “contingent capture.” Emotionally salient stimuli are also thought to exert a strong exogenous influence on attention, especially in anxious individuals, but whether and how top–down attention can ameliorate bottom–up capture by affective stimuli is currently unknown. Here, we paired a novel spatial cueing task with fMRI to investigate contingent capture as a function of the affective salience of bottom–up cues (face stimuli) and individual dif
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MacLean, Katherine A., Stephen R. Aichele, David A. Bridwell, George R. Mangun, Ewa Wojciulik, and Clifford D. Saron. "Interactions between endogenous and exogenous attention during vigilance." Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 71, no. 5 (2009): 1042–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/app.71.5.1042.

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McCormick, C. R., R. S. Redden, M. A. Lawrence, and R. M. Klein. "The independence of endogenous and exogenous temporal attention." Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 80, no. 8 (2018): 1885–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-018-1575-y.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Exogenous and endogenous attention"

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Taylor, Paul C. J. "Endogenous and exogenous orienting of visual spatial attention : neural systems and dynamics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436944.

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Hsieh, Yi-Hsing. "Spatiotemporal characteristics of interaction between exogenous and endogenous orienting of visual attention /." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488191124571672.

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Wilder, Matthew. "A unified theory of exogenous and endogenous attentional control." Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1460879.

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Jones, John Alexander. "Neural correlates of tactile attention: behavioural measures and event-related brain potentials of inhibition of return, exogenous and endogenous attention in touch." Thesis, City University London, 2011. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/1078/.

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The studies presented in this thesis investigated the neural correlates of attention in touch. In particular, the electrophysiology of exogenous tactile processing and inhibition of return (IOR) - an area previously unexplored. In all studies a variation of the Posner cue-target paradigm was used. Typically, a cue was presented to the left or right hand. Following a stimulus onset asynchrony of 800 ms, a target would appear at the same or opposite hand. Behavioural results consistently demonstrated IOR when employing a simple target detection task, showing that IOR is a reliable phenomenon in
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Burnett, Katherine E. "Dimension-specific effects of endogenous and exogenous spatial cueing : indication for integration of spatial and feature-based attention." Thesis, Bangor University, 2012. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/dimensionspecific-effects-of-endogenous-and-exogenous-spatial-cueing--indication-for-integration-of-spatial-and-featurebased-attention(836d32ab-8d72-485d-8adc-130a7f57c18a).html.

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The experiments in this thesis were designed to examine the consequences of endogenous and exogenous spatial cueing in a dual-task set-up. The first experiments, presented in Chapters 2 and 3, explored whether spatial attention generalises across dimensions in the same location. Chapters 4, 5, and 6 contain a second series of experiments using exogenous cues, in which cue properties were manipulated. A dual-task set-up was used in all studies in this thesis, with a display of four random dot kinematograms containing motion and colour features. In order to examine whether endogenous attention m
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Kurtz, Phillipp [Verfasser], Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmid, Katharine [Akademischer Betreuer] Shapcott, Jochen [Gutachter] Kaiser, Christian [Gutachter] Kell, and Michael [Gutachter] Plichta. "The influence of endogenous and exogenous spatial attention on decision confidence / Phillipp Kurtz ; Gutachter: Jochen Kaiser, Christian Kell, Michael Plichta ; Michael Schmid, Katharine Shapcott." Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1196346275/34.

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ROSSI, VALENTINA YOLANDA. "Integrating attention, alertness and control in the brain: an electrophysiological approach." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/7831.

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Converging evidences from neurophysiological, neuropsychological and functional neuroimaging literature suggested the involvement of a large-scale fronto-parietal network in the volitional and reflexive attentional control, which enables the biological systems to select relevant portions of the input stream for facilitating processing, in order to flexibly guide behavior on the basis of internal or external goals. This system acts in tight interplay with lateralized structures deputed to the achievement and maintenance of an adequate level of arousal, and with medial frontal structures respons
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Mort, Dominic Jason. "From saccade to search studies in the functional organisation of exogenous and endogenous attentional control in man." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411288.

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Marchetti, Mauro. "Covert orienting of visuospatial attention in a brain-computer interface for communication." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422499.

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1. Introduction The multidisciplinary approach of using brain signals for directly controlling external devices, like computers or prosthesis, is named brain-computer interface (BCI). Farwell and Donchin (1988) showed that it is possible for humans to communicate using a BCI, by means of their event-related potentials (ERPs; e.g., P300), without the involvement of their voluntary muscle activity. The use of brain-wave-guided BCIs offered new perspectives regarding communication and control of devices for patients suffering from severe motor impairment or for patients who completely paralyzed
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Fernandez, Damien. "L'attention visuelle sélective : pertinence, saillance, résistance à l'interférence." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20074/document.

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Cette thèse portait sur l'attention visuelle sélective, dans le domaine non-spatial, c'est-à-dire la capacité à favoriser le traitement perceptif de certains objets de la scène visuelle au détriment des autres. En particulier, l'objectif était d'étudier, à l'aide de tâches de recherche visuelle, les différentes interactions possibles entre les processus endogènes (liés aux intentions et connaissances du sujet) et les processus exogènes (liés aux caractéristiques perceptives des objets). Une première série d'expériences démontrait que la saillance pouvait présenter des effets relativement durab
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Books on the topic "Exogenous and endogenous attention"

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Platov, Nikolay. Fundamentals of engineering Geology. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1091050.

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The theoretical and practical foundations of engineering geology, the geological structure and origin of the Earth are described, the minerals of rocks and the rocks themselves of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic origin are considered. Considerable attention is paid to the geomorphological, geodynamic, and hydrogeological conditions of the construction site with the allocation of three types of underground water: upper water, ground water, and inter-reservoir. The dynamics of the development of various forms of relief caused by endogenous and exogenous processes is given. The zonal element
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Kelly, Morgan. Human capital in exogenous and endogenous growth. University College Dublin, Department of Economics, 1996.

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Taylor, Cormac Thomas. Intestinal epithelial function: Regulation by exogenous and endogenous factors. University College Dublin, 1996.

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Cohen, Gideon. Methods and mechanisms of endogenous and exogenous myocardial preconditioning. National Library of Canada, 1999.

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Hamel, Jean-François, and Annie Mercier. Endogenous and exogenous control of gametogenesis and spawning in echinoderms. Academic Press, 2009.

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Femminis, Gianluca. Exogenous and endogenous technical progress in the perpetual youth model. typescript, 1991.

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Moore, Basil J. Shaking the invisible hand: Complexity, endogenous money and exogenous interest rates. Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.

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Moore, Basil J. Shaking the invisible hand: Complexity, endogenous money and exogenous interest rates. Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.

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Hindley, Deborah Anne. Relationship of endogenous haemoglobin and exogenous recombinant protein production inmurine erythroleukaemia cells. University of Manchester, 1996.

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Northcott, Sally Jane. Exogenous and endogenous factors affecting the activity rhythm of 'Lipophrys pholis' L. University of Birmingham, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Exogenous and endogenous attention"

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Jang, Young-Min, Rammohan Mallipeddi, and Minho Lee. "Exogenous and Endogenous Based Spatial Attention Analysis for Human Implicit Intention Understanding." In Neural Information Processing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-42054-2_18.

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Sánchez-García, Javier, and Salvador Cruz-Rambaud. "The Impact of Inflation and Financial Stability on the European Financial System: A Network Approach." In New Economic Windows. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-64916-5_6.

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AbstractInflation and financial stability are pivotal elements in the fields of economics and finance, exerting a profound influence on economic performance and the overall stability of financial systems. The intricate interplay between these factors has garnered significant attention from researchers, policymakers, and market participants due to its far-reaching implications, especially since recent inflationary shocks have put many economies around the world under pressure. This chapter builds an econometric design to estimate a network of volatility connectedness, and an Exponential Random
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Bansal, Rachit, William Scott Paka, Nidhi, Shubhashis Sengupta, and Tanmoy Chakraborty. "Combining Exogenous and Endogenous Signals with a Semi-supervised Co-attention Network for Early Detection of COVID-19 Fake Tweets." In Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75762-5_16.

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Desai, Meghnad. "Endogenous and Exogenous Money." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_557.

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Desai, Meghnad. "Endogenous and Exogenous Money." In Money. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19804-7_16.

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Desai, Meghnad. "Endogenous and Exogenous Money." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_557-1.

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Wirz-Justice, Anna, Francesco Benedetti, and Michael Terman. "Endogenous and Exogenous Melatonin." In Chronotherapeutics for Affective Disorders. KARGER, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000210073.

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Ferraris, Leo. "Exogenous and Endogenous Growth." In Classroom Companion: Economics. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-88740-6_4.

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Ferraris, Leo. "Exogenous and Endogenous Cycles." In Classroom Companion: Economics. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-88740-6_3.

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Zeidler, Marie Elisabeth. "Analysis of Endogenous and Exogenous Groups." In Explaining Bias in Membership Numbers. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-23092-0_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Exogenous and endogenous attention"

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Chen, Guo, Mingsheng Li, Ji-Xin Cheng, and Chen Yang. "Blood Optoacoustic Stimulation (BOAS)." In Bio-Optics: Design and Application. Optica Publishing Group, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1364/boda.2025.jm4a.11.

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Photoacoustic is a precise non-genetic neural stimulation method. To avoid surgery and exogenous implants, we show blood as an effective endogenous absorber for PA stimulation in vivo. This study marks the first PA brain stimulation using endogenous absorbers.
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Crouser, R. Jordan, Syrine Matoussi, Lan Kung, Saugat Pandey, Oen G. McKinley, and Alvitta Ottley. "Building and Eroding: Exogenous and Endogenous Factors that Influence Subjective Trust in Visualization." In 2024 IEEE Visualization and Visual Analytics (VIS). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/vis55277.2024.00069.

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Lin, Yuzhe, Yibin Shao, Yongqing Liu, et al. "Information gap decision theory based PV and energy storage planning considering endogenous and exogenous uncertainties." In 2024 6th International Conference on Energy, Power and Grid (ICEPG). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icepg63230.2024.10775822.

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Vortmann, Lisa-Marie, Moritz Schult, and Felix Putze. "Differentiating Endogenous and Exogenous Attention Shifts Based on Fixation-Related Potentials." In IUI '22: 27th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces. ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3490099.3511149.

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Li, Bo, Shun-sen Wang, and Liming Song. "Advanced Exergy Analysis of the Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Power Cycle for Waste Heat Recovery of Gas Turbine." In ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2021-59195.

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Abstract In this paper, the supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle used to recover the waste heat of gas turbine is investigated by means of conventional exergy analysis and advanced exergy analysis. Firstly, the thermodynamic parameters of carbon dioxide cycle in design stage are determined by single-objective optimization with net power output as objective function. Then, conventional exergy analysis is carried out on the partial heating cycle under real, unavoidable and ideal conditions. After that, advanced exergy analysis, in which the exergy destruction is divided into endogenous / exo
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Cun, Wenzhe, Hao Fan, Jianjie Chu, and Deng Kai Chen. "Optimizing Multimodal Alarm Design for Attention Allocation in Discrete Monitoring Tasks." In 16th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2025). AHFE International, 2025. https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006131.

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Discrete monitoring tasks are common in scenarios such as flight missions, air traffic control, nuclear power plant monitoring, and clinical healthcare. In these tasks, operators perform sequential routine operations while remaining vigilant for anomalies and responding to alarms. Current alarm systems primarily rely on visual (V) and auditory (A) modalities. However, prolonged monitoring and high cognitive demands during emergencies can overwhelm these channels, jeopardizing system safety. Existing studies suggest that integrating visual, auditory, and tactile (T) modalities in multimodal ala
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Soret, Rébaï, Pom Charras, Christophe Hurter, and Vsevolod Peysakhovich. "Attentional orienting in virtual reality using endogenous and exogenous cues in auditory and visual modalities." In the 11th ACM Symposium. ACM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3314111.3321490.

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Soret, Rébaï, Pom Charras, Christophe Hurter, and Vsevolod Peysakhovich. "Attentional orienting in virtual reality using endogenous and exogenous cues in auditory and visual modalities." In ETRA '19: 2019 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3317959.3321490.

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Pardaev, Khusniddin, Shavkat Hasanov, Shukrullo Muratov, and Fotima Saydullaeva. "Assessment of economic relations between actors of the tomato production chain." In 23rd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2022”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2022.56.005.

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This article is aimed at analysing the economic interrelation between actors in the tomato production chain in Uzbekistan and find ways to increase the smallholders’ income. We used a PROBIT model to determine the influence of exogenous and endogenous factors on the choice of a small trading partner. The customers that come to the smallholders’ house to purchase the product are regarded as an exogenous factor. More attention needs to be paid to increasing value-added in the food chain in Uzbekistan and improving economic relations between its actors. The factor obtained as an instrumental vari
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Weyns, Danny, Robrecht Haesevoets, Bart Van Eylen, Alexander Helleboogh, Tom Holvoet, and Wouter Joosen. "Endogenous versus exogenous self-management." In the 2008 international workshop. ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1370018.1370027.

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Reports on the topic "Exogenous and endogenous attention"

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Ludvigson, Sydney, Sai Ma, and Serena Ng. Uncertainty and Business Cycles: Exogenous Impulse or Endogenous Response? National Bureau of Economic Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21803.

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Edwards, Brian Keith, Riccardo Boero, and Michael Kelly Rivera. Initial CGE Model Results Summary Exogenous and Endogenous Variables Tests. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1374298.

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Graziano, Alejandro, Georg Schaur, Christian Volpe Martincus, and Jerónimo Carballo. Endogenous Border Times. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011740.

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We examine transaction-level Peruvian import data to show that firms are subject to significant costs of port-of-entry delays. At the transaction level, we observe the time it takes a shipment to clear each step in the entry process. Our theory shows conditions under which observed entry times are endogenous. As a result, total entry delays potentially lead to biased policy conclusions and non-informative efficiency rankings of countries' entry procedures. We make three empirical contributions that help unbundle sources for time costs in trade and border effects. First, we provide evidence tha
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De Castro-Valderrama, Marcela, Santiago Forero-Alvarado, Nicolás Moreno-Arias, and Sara Naranjo-Saldarriaga. Unraveling the Exogenous Forces Behind Analysts' Macroeconomic Forecasts. Banco de la República, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1184.

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Modern macroeconomics focuses on the identification of the primitive exogenous forces generating business cycles. This is at odds with macroeconomic forecasts collected through surveys, which are about endogenous variables. To address this divorce, our paper uses a general equilibrium model as a multivariate filter to infer the shocks behind market analysts' forecasts and thus, unravel their implicit macroeconomic stories. By interpreting all analysts' forecasts through the same lenses, it is possible to understand the differences between projected endogenous variables as differences in the ty
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Beaudry, Paul, and David Green. What is Driving US and Canadian Wages: Exogenous Technical Change or Endogenous Choice of Technique? National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6853.

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Vuletin, Guillermo, Julia Ruiz Pozuelo, and Amy Slipowitz. Democracy Does Not Cause Growth: The Importance of Endogeneity Arguments. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011750.

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This article challenges recent findings that democracy has sizable effects on economic growth. As extensive political science research indicates that economic turmoil is responsible for causing or facilitating many democratic transitions, the paper focuses on this endogeneity concern. Using a worldwide survey of 165 country-specific democracy experts conducted for this study, the paper separates democratic transitions into those occurring for reasons related to economic turmoil, here called endogenous, and those grounded in reasons more exogenous to economic growth. The behavior of economic gr
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Chaiyabutr, Narongsak, Somchai Chanpongsang, and Prapa Loypetjra. Studies on urea metabolism in swamp buffaloes given exogenous urea infusion. Chulalongkorn University, 1990. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.1990.30.

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Five female swamp buffaloes, weighing between 200-290 Kg, were used in the experiment. The experiment was conducted into two series. The first series was performed as control. In The second series, the animal was given an exogenous urea infusion. The turnover of plasma and quantitative aspect of urea recycle were investigated in both series using [supscript 14] C-urea. The results of experiments showed that the concentration of plasma urea increased significantly during exogenous urea infusion. Urea space increased from 85 L to 92 L. Turnover rate of urea decreased while the biological half li
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Powell, Andrew, and Giovanni Majnoni. On Endogenous Risk, the Amplification Effects of Financial Systems and Macro Prudential Policies. Inter-American Development Bank, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011345.

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The recent global financial crisis has put the spotlight on macro-prudential policies to protect firms and households from problems emanating from the financial sector. This paper proposes an analytical framework that combines exogenous and endogenous risks, the latter seen as stemming from frictions in financial markets. Arguing that endogenous risks may be systemic and costly, the paper employs a database of emerging market corporate bond spreads and finds evidence that endogenous risks are present and have amplified the effects of financial crises. Larger financial systems are found to exac
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Pérez Montes, Carlos, Carlos Pérez Montes, Jorge E. Galán, et al. Systemic analysis framework for the impact of economic and financial risks. Banco de España, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/33568.

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This paper presents the Banco de España’s reference framework for the analysis of macroeconomic and financial risk, and the impact of the materialisation of this risk on financial stability and the real economy. The framework encompasses a broad set of empirical and theoretical models and methods, with the aim of capturing heterogeneity in the characteristics of different sources of risk. In particular, the paper describes how these models are used to identify the impact of endogenous sources of risk, such as the build-up of macro-financial imbalances over the cycle, and of exogenous shocks. R
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Pearson, Ken, and Channing Arndt. Implementing Systematic Sensitivity Analysis Using GEMPACK. GTAP Technical Paper, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.tp03.

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Abstract:
In economic simulation, results often hinge crucially on values of key exogenous inputs (the values of the parameters of the model and the shocks applied). Computational burden has, in the past, hindered systematic investigation of the impacts of variations in these key exogenous inputs. In this document, practical methods for conducting systematic sensitivity analysis for any model implemented using the GEMPACK suite of software are documented. The procedures described here are based on GTAP Technical Paper number 2 which sets out the theory behind the Gaussian quadrature methods on which the
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