Journal articles on the topic 'Existential dread'
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Megna, Paul. "Better Living through Dread: Medieval Ascetics, Modern Philosophers, and the Long History of Existential Anxiety." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 130, no. 5 (October 2015): 1285–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2015.130.5.1285.
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Intellectual historians often credit S⊘ren Kierkegaard as existential anxiety's prime mover. Arguing against this popular sentiment, this essay reads Kierkegaard not as the ex nihilo inventor of existential anxiety but as a modern practitioner of a deep-historical, dread-based asceticism. Examining a wide range of Middle English devotional literature alongside some canonical works of modern existentialism, it argues that Kierkegaard and the existentialists who followed him participated in a Judeo-Christian tradition of dread-based asceticism, the popularity of which had dwindled since the Middle Ages but never vanished. Following medieval ascetics, modern philosophers like Kierkegaard, Martin Heidegger, and Jean-Paul Sartre cultivated and analyzed anxiety in an effort to embody authenticity. By considering premodern ascetics early existentialists and modern existentialists latter-day ascetics, the essay sees the long history of existential anxiety as an ascetic tradition built around the ethical goal of living better through dread.
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Banfi, Luca. "Existential dread and the B-theory of time." Synthese 199, no. 5-6 (October 20, 2021): 14691–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-021-03439-3.
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Röbel, Marc. "Mut und Partizipation." International Yearbook for Tillich Research 13, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 69–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iytr-2018-071.
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Abstract With his analysis of courage as a foundational theme of modern existential philosophy, Tillich answers, in “The Courage to Be“: dread, which is a key motif in the thought of Kierkegaard, Heidegger, and Sartre, and which also gains importance in ‘existential America’ at the same time. This essay documents the innovative existential philosophical character of the work under the guidance of the concept of ‘participation.’ The book is much more than a theological bestseller. It is also evidence of the wealth of perspectives of existential thought that reveals insightful ethical and political perspectives beyond the religious and philosophical aspects typical of Tillich.
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Ainslie, George. "Gods are more flexible than resolutions." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27, no. 6 (December 2004): 730–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x04220179.
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The target article proposes that “counterintuitive beliefs in supernatural agents” are shaped by cognitive factors and survive because they foster empathic concern and counteract existential dread. I argue that they are shaped by motivational forces similar to those that shape our beliefs about other people; that empathic concern is rewarded in a more elementary fashion; and that a major function of these supernatural beliefs may be to provide a more flexible alternative to autonomous willpower in controlling not only dread but also many other unwelcome urges.
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Rasheed, Saba, and Sahar Javaid. "Discovery of Existential Paralysis, Death, and Resolve in Autoethnographic Poetry of Taufiq Rafat through Poundian Image: A Study of Poetic Therapy." Global Language Review VII, no. II (June 30, 2022): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(vii-ii).19.
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Poetry therapy is a very useful technique tocope with extremely unbearable emotional experiencesin the lives of poets by manoeuvring autoethnographicpoems as a form of self-therapy. It engages a process ofself-disclosure to transform the developmental changestaking place in the affective domain of humans to bringemotional equilibrium. The poetic techniques ofconjuring subjective images in superposition withobjective metaphors – Poundian Image – imply theexistential themes of loss, death, dread,meaninglessness, void, resolve, etc., to relate theotherwise inarticulable emotional states. This paperseeks to investigate Taufiq Rafat's autoethnographicpoems about loss and death in his family from hisanthology Half Moon: Poems (1979-1983) to discoverhis existential thematic dimensions – fear of death,existential paralysis, the journey towards death,existential resolve through spiritual relief, andeverlasting memories – to come to term with theultimate reality of death using Ezra Pound'stheorization of Poundian image. Moreover, the studyalso takes into account the use of ethnographic poemsas self-therapy.
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Mr. Amirul Haque and Dr. Aiman Reyaz. "The Existential Predicament: Finding Meaning in a Meaningless World." Creative Launcher 7, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2022.7.3.12.
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One of the key issues of Existentialism is taking complete responsibility of one’s life and one’s actions and making no excuses. It might be conceived of as a movement and not a sensibility. One can think of it in many different ways but the literature that has come out in the years when Existentialism first became popular just after the Second World War and ever since, it often has the connotation of being a particularly gloomy philosophy – one that is obsessed with the notions of anxiety and dread. However, the important thing to consider is that the researchers find Existentialism a very invigorating and positive minded philosophy. The purpose of this paper is to highlight all the major aspects of the philosophical outlook and especially the importance of human determination in making constructive changes in life.
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Morgan Swer, Gregory. "Longing, Dread and Care: Spengler’s Account of the Existential Structure of Human Experience." Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology 51, no. 1 (June 22, 2019): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00071773.2019.1633613.
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Cheston, Richard. "Using Terror Management Theory to understand the existential threat of dementia." FPOP Bulletin: Psychology of Older People 1, no. 118 (January 2012): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsfpop.2012.1.118.7.
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This paper sets out an argument for understanding the subjective experience of people with dementia in terms of Terror Management Theory (TMT). This theory is a broad and detailed account derived from experimental psychological research of the way in which material that represents an existential threat to psychological equanimity triggers a range of social and personal defences. These responses are mediated by levels of self-esteem and include the process of mnemic neglect in which threatening material is processed less efficiently and recalled less thoroughly. Using TMT to understand the responses of people with dementia has a range of clinical implications.Judith:I just wonder where it’s all going to end, that’s my fear …Janet:Whenit’s going to end?Judith:Whereit’s going to end, where am I going to end up, just before the end, you know.Janet:Oh, I see you mean, I talk about death…Judith:YeahJanet: …to my family and I think the only thing that I’m frightened of is the unknown and that is death to me.Judith:and after that. Oh, no I’m worried about what comes just before [laughs] it could be years before, couldn’t it?Janet:It could be tomorrowRobert:Is it the dying that?Judith:I don’t feel that at all, no, because we all go through that, no I’m not frightened about that, no. It’s not really my religion to say it at all, but I don’t know if there’s anything else and I’m not going to worry about that right now, you know.Facilitator:So what is the frightening, when you say about the future?Judith:Being, being useless, you know.Janet:Yes.Judith:Not having all my faculties, I dread that, I dread that, its as if I’m going to come to it one morning, perhaps, you know and think ‘Oh my godfathers, what’s left?’, I really worry about that … so I’m quite happy in a situation unless I chose to sort of sit there and think. And it’s when I think about that, that the curtain comes down.From Cheston (2004).
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Jorge, Maria Salete Bessa, Getúlio Vasconcelos Fiúza, and Maria Veraci Oliveira Queiroz. "Existential phenomenology as a possibility to understand pregnancy experiences in teenagers." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 14, no. 6 (December 2006): 907–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692006000600012.
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The research had as objective to comprehend the sense of pregnancy to the teenager pregnant trying to get the way of being and having be pregnant. It was done four in-deep interviews, using the core question: How do you feel being pregnant? The speeches and their meanings were analysed by the light of Heidegger's Phenomenology. In getting closer to the phenomena we get the way impersonal and not authentic of teenagers, the co-presence in relation to the boyfriend and family. They shown, still the dread by the child and by his health, worrying with the future that around the care, due they deem themselves not to have the ability to this, which causes the anguish and anxiety of daily life, in the new way of being. The comprehension of this phenomena is fundamental in the care to the teenager pregnant to a full and humanized action.
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Fox, Jesse. "Contemplative Prayer and Psychotherapy." Integratus 1, no. 1 (January 2023): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/intg.2023.1.1.22.
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This article discusses what contemplative prayer is and how it may inform psychotherapy more broadly. It presents a psychological ontology of contemplative prayer, originating within primary sources of the Desert Fathers and extending throughout the centuries to the present through contemplative guides across religious orders. This ontology is presented as a way in which people are changed so that they view their lives from the perspective of infinitude. Perceiving that their lives are caught up into an eternal timeline that extends beyond their particular life-span, they are freed from existential dread and emboldened in and through the instillation of hope.
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Potter, Nancy. "The Severed Head and Existential Dread: The Classroom as Epistemic Community and Student Survivors of Incest." Hypatia 10, no. 2 (1995): 69–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1995.tb01370.x.
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I discuss pedagogical issues that concern incest survivors. As teachers, we need to understand the ways in which the legacy of incest variously affects survivors' educational experiences and to be aware that the interplay of trust, knowledge, and power may be particularly complex for survivors. I emphasize the responsibility teachers have to create classrooms that are inclusive of survivors, while raising concerns about the practice of personal disclosure and assumptions about trust and safety in the classroom.
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Aich, Tapas Kumar. "Existential Psychology & Buddha Philosophy: It's Relevance in Nurturing a Healthy Mind." Journal of Psychiatrists' Association of Nepal 3 (January 2, 2015): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v3i3.11836.
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The term "existentialism" have been coined by the French philosopher Gabriel Marcel in the mid-1940s and adopted by Jean-Paul Sartre. The label has been applied retrospectively to philosophers like Martin Heidegger, Karl Jaspers and Søren Kierkegaard and other 19th and 20th century philosophers who, despite profound doctrinal differences, generally held that the focus of philosophical thought should be to deal with the conditions of existence of the individual person and his or her emotions, actions, responsibilities, and thoughts. The early 19th century philosopher Søren Kierkegaard, posthumously regarded as ‘the father of existentialism’, maintained that the individual solely has the responsibilities of giving one's own life meaning and living that life passionately and sincerely, in spite of many existential obstacles and distractions including despair, angst, absurdity, alienation, and boredom. Over the last century, experts have written on many commonalities between Buddhism and various branches of modern western psychology like phenomenological psychology, psychoanalytical psychotherapy, humanistic psychology, cognitive psychology and existential psychology. In comparison to other branches of psychology, less have been studied and talked on the commonalities between Buddhist philosophy and modern existential psychology that have been propagated in the west. Buddha said that the life is ‘suffering’. Existential psychology speaks of ontological anxiety (dread, angst). Buddha said that ‘suffering is due to attachment’. Existential psychology also has some similar concepts. We cling to things in the hopes that they will provide us with a certain benefit. Buddha said that ‘suffering can be extinguished’. The Buddhist concept of nirvana is quite similar to the existentialists' freedom. Freedom has, in fact, been used in Buddhism in the context of freedom from rebirth or freedom from the effects of karma. For the existentialist, freedom is a fact of our being, one which we often ignore. Finally, Buddha says that ‘there is a way to extinguish suffering’. For the existential psychologist, the therapist must take an assertive role in helping the client become aware of the reality of his or her suffering and its roots. As a practising psychiatrist, clinician, therapist we often face patients with symptoms of depression where aetiology is not merely a reactive one, not an interpersonal conflict, not simply a cognitive distortion! Patients mainly present with some form of personal ‘existential crisis’. Unless we understand and address these existential questions, we probably, will fail to alleviate the symptoms of depression, by merely prescribing drugs, in these patients! DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v3i3.11836
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Raam Kumar, T., and B. Padmanabhan. "Nagaland as the Home for Existential Dread: A Critical Study on the Select Stories of Temsula Ao." Shanlax International Journal of English 9, S1-Dec2020 (December 22, 2020): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/english.v9is1-dec2020.3614.
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The North Eastern states of India are known for their myths, cultural tradition, folklores and nature which found their expression in many forms of literature. Though this region is gifted by Mother Nature with abundant resources and unblemished beauty it also witnesses bloodshed, violence, turmoil and conflicts in the names of ethnicity, race and national identity. People of this region suffer from various forms of oppression and they are not in a position to find solutions to the problems they face. Their helplessness and lack of political power or support make them vulnerable to oppression and violence. Temsula Ao, the emerging English writer from the Naga community brings out the sufferings and pain of this region through her writings. Violence, which has become the part of their day to day life, is the primary theme of her works and she portrays the significant impact of violence on the people of Nagaland which deprives peace, harmony and other fundamental requirements of coexistence. People are forced to give up their socio-ethnic practices, food habits and culture. The trauma, humiliation, exclusion and discrimination experienced by the marginalized tribes of this region remain the primary cause for the youth joining the armed rebel groups. People are caught up between the nation state and the rebel groups and suffer because of both the elements. This paper focuses to analyse the affliction, disillusionment and trauma experienced by the ordinary people in the conflict zones of Nagaland through the select stories of Temsula Ao.
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Patel, Pearl Kaizad. "Illusion of reality, existential dread and broken communication as the major themes depicted in Eugene Ionesco’s ‘the chairs’." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 6, no. 2 (2021): 287–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.62.40.
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ADAMKIEWICZ, Marek, and Arnold WARCHAŁ. "ON THE EXISTENTIAL SECURITY IN VIEW OF THE CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPTIONS ON TRANSIENCE." National Security Studies 15, no. 1 (December 13, 2018): 105–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37055/sbn/132153.
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This is the final – fourth article of the series of texts focusing on problems of human transience. Hence, it is the culmination of focus on tribulations considered to be the rudimentary (as basic and commencing) aspects of our sense of security. And is considered to be an essential (fundamental) manifestation of the destruction of human existence. Death – transience of life, as a physical parameter and evolutionary mechanism is defined by the very laws of nature, which does not change and remains an inexhaustible source of human anxiety, and reflective understanding leading to consciousness of very immediate dimension of our mortality. Transience is a sign of ephemerality of existence and, therefore, it makes us realize the irrationality of human existence scattering in the shadow of death and dying. Consequently, the considerations contained in the article relate to the security as projection of being in manifestation of reflective thinking about worldliness, which does not relieve us of a dread of temporariness, when focused on short-lived and temporary life. From this point of view, the authors’ direct attention to philosophical statements and views, that belong to the existential rhetoric. For that reason, among the fascinating authors of the philosophy of life there are thinkers who are interested in the thanatological discourse. In the text authors are presenting the views of contemporary thinkers, with reference to the positions of Friedrich Nietzsche, Erasmus Majewski, Wilhelm Dilthey, Miguel de Unamuno, Nikolai Berdyaev, Lev Shestov, Carl Gustav Jung, Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, Karl Jaspers, Gabriel Marcel, Martin Heidegger, Albert Camus, Paul Ricoeur, Emmanuel Levinas, Vladimir Jankelevitch, Henryk Elezenberg, Józef Tischner, Jan Szczepański, Józef Bańka, Zygmunt Bauman and others – those who disseminate on the issues of the securitization, in its existential stratum.
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Sidiropoulou, Avra. "Staging Henrik Ibsen’s and Jon Fosse’s Mental Landscapes." Nordic Theatre Studies 30, no. 1 (August 2, 2018): 184–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/nts.v30i1.106929.
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Norway’s best-known contemporary playwright Jon Fosse has often been compared to Henrik Ibsen, no less because of the two dramatists’ common emphasis on their native physical landscape as a mirror of the protagonists’ emotional and existential conflict. In Ibsen’s The Lady from the Sea (1888) and in Fosse’s Someone is Going to Come (1996) in particular, characters and actions – although generated within specific geographical and cultural co-ordinates – rise to the level of archetypes and acquire timeless significance.This comparative study traces a continuum from the modernist Ibsen to Fosse’s humanistic postmodernism in so far as the authors’ treatment of psychology, structure, and landscape exposes ideas and endorses themes and images, which in turn account for similar patterns of staging. In a context whereby myth and allegory are projected against a background defined by the ocean and unfamiliar horizons, the markedly schematic representation of existential dread in both plays reveals strong visual conceits that are uncannily similar to the effect that one cannot really read or direct Fosse without making a mental note of Ibsen’s drama. The “haunted” nature of the spectator’s experience notwithstanding, both texts seem to be a director’s ideal material, hosting the natural environment so intensely so that it becomes an extension of the characters, punctuating the important stations in their lives and adding emotional and sensory texture to their words and their actions. From the point-of-view of a theatre director, decoding the plays’ imagistic identity becomes primarily an immersive experience in the Nordic landscape – of both nature and the mind.
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Karlsson, Håkan. "Existential contemporaneity. Or what we as archaeologists can learn from Archie Leach." Archaeological Dialogues 22, no. 1 (May 15, 2015): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203815000057.
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From my point of view, discussions of the content of the concept of time are always welcome in archaeology since the archaeological discourse on this topic has for many years been anchored in a quite simplified and axiomatic chronological approach. Discussions of other aspects of, and approaches towards, the concept of time have – with few exceptions – been neglected. It is therefore with pleasure that I have been presented with the opportunity to comment briefly on Gavin Lucas's article ‘Archaeology and contemporaneity’, which approaches the concept of contemporaneity in and of the archaeological record. I would like to start this comment in a rather unorthodox way with a brief quotation from the movie A Fish Called Wanda since I think this quotation encapsulates both my agreement with, and my critique of, the reasonings presented by Lucas: Archie: Wanda, do you have any idea what it's like being English? Being so correct all the time, being so stifled by this dread of, of doing the wrong thing, of saying to someone, ‘Are you married?’ and hearing, ‘My wife left me this morning,’ or saying, uh, ‘Do you have children?’ and being told they all burned to death on Wednesday. You see, Wanda, we’re all terrified of embarrassment. That's why we’re so – dead. Most of my friends are dead, you know; we’ve these piles of corpses to dinner. But you’re alive, God bless you, and I want to be, I’m so fed up with all this (A Fish Called Wanda, 1988) It may be concluded from the quotation above that the time horizons of past, present and future are interconnected and intertwined in Archie's and Wanda's contemporaneity. At least Archie is heavily influenced by the past and its traditions, and his contemporary situation is grounded in the past as well as in the future, when he is trying to break free and direct himself towards a new future. Thus Archie's fictional life is a blueprint of the conditions of our own existences where past, present and future are inseparable and interconnected in a manner where they cannot be divided into separate chronological time horizons. I will return to this observation and to Archie and Wanda further on, but I believe that Lucas agrees with my initial observation concerning the relationship between past, present and future as inseparable and blended entities – this, since his article approaches the concept of time and contemporaneity in and of the archaeological record in a thought-provoking and inspiring manner.
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VASILEVA, Svetlana, and Ekaterina PAVLOVA. "MAIN EXISTENTIAL CATEGORIES IN WORKS OF JOHN STEINBECK." Studia Humanitatis 25, no. 4 (December 2022): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/j12.art.2022.3906.
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This article is devoted to the works of John Steinbeck from the position of the functioning of the main existential categories or "existentials" of human Being. Existentialism is considered here as a phenomenon that has gone beyond specific philosophy and literature and entered the cultural tradition as a conglomerate of issues that directly concern anthropology. Existential categories are derived as a result of the analysis of the philosophical and cultural base of existentialism, as well as by means of addressing a specific historical situation. The term "existential" belonging to M. Heidegger is interpreted here as a "base-forming value category", "pillar for existence" and is used as an element of literary analysis. The authors identify and investigate a number of existentials characteristic for literature and capable of being modified in the angle of the plot of a particular work. As a result of the study, it is concluded that in the works of J. Steinbeck, existential categories associated with the problem of human existence in a specific situation and representing the existentials of "support and overcoming" are the most frequent. This is a "dream", "hope", "meaning of life", which is directly related to the context recreated by the author. In general, the analysis of a literary work from the angle of the functioning of existential categories allows to analyse the work in its historical and cultural terms, as well as to make a deeper and more comprehensive characteristic of a literary character.
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Petta, Gilberto Di. "Psychopathology of addictions." Revista Psicopatologia Fenomenológica Contemporânea 3, no. 2 (October 17, 2014): 16–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37067/rpfc.v3i2.1021.
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This paper intends to examine, both from a psychopathological and a phenomenological perspective, the state of “being-at-the-world”, which is common in drug addicted people. Past abuse, as well as present abuse, are crucial in the modification of the psychiatric impact in the history of drug abuse. The former drug lifestyle characterized by the use of heroin led to a form of psychosis which is known with the symptomatological expression as basic psychosis. On the other hand, the contemporary poly-abuse of NPS (novel psychoactive substances) leads to what is called a synthetic psychosis: a very rich paraphrenic state with continuous hallucinations caused by a mental automatism syndrome and secondary (interpretative) delusions. From a phenomenological point of view, all addictions lead to the final collapse of the Dasein structure (the constitution of the Being-at-the-world-with-others). Subsequent to having travelled down many different psychopathological pathways, many addicts remain without the spatial-temporal “here and now” dimension. This makes it impossible for them to stay in a space-with-others and to project themselves in time. The result of this time/space cleavage is emptiness. It is very difficult to treat this existential situation, which is characterized by patients frequently dropping out of conventional treatment, the loss of the being-at-the-world structure, boredom, emptiness, dread, anger, lack of meaning, loneliness, and isolation. In this paper Dasein Group-Analysis (an original interpretation and application of Binswanger’s Dasein-Analysis) is proposed and discussed. Unlike Dasein-Analysis, this approach applies phenomenology beyond the classic pair of analyst and patient, to a group of people made up of doctors and patients, in which everyone is simply a human being at the world. If the psychopathological and therapeutical approaches prove to be ineffective, the frequent consequences are: the patient’s admission into a psychiatric hospital; his/her arrest for crimes related to antisocial behaviour; a worsening of their psychopathology and addiction; a diffusion of infective diseases commonly found in addicts; more frequent overdoses; aggressive behaviour; legal problems; an increase in the costs of public health system and, finally, even the suicide of the patient.
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Hada, Kenneth. "Beauty, Borders and the American Dream in Richard Dokey's ‘Sanchez’." Ethnic Studies Review 28, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2005.28.1.21.
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Critics have pointed out discrepancies between what is commonly understood as the American Dream in the mainstream culture at large and the fictive representation of Chicanos or Mexican-Americans who attempt to appropriate the dream as their own. For example, Luther S. Luedtke explores the Chicano novel Pocho only to conclude that this novel confirms its protagonist as a “universal man” who “suffers an existential insecurity against which no community can protect him” (14). The existential plight demonstrated in the novel is heightened because of the distance between the historical and mythical origins of the Chicanos and the white mainstream culture which posits the American Dream in confusing and alien terms.
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Vikhrova, Kseniya A. "Religious mysticism of the “American Dream” in the tale “The King's Indian” by John Champlin Gardner Jr." Vestnik of Kostroma State University 27, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2021-27-1-129-135.
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The metanarrative of the “American Dream” has a comprehensive impact on the social, political and cultural life of the United States, it attracts unflagging attention of researchers and it is interpreted in a significant number of works of art. This article analyses the functioning of the religious and mystical experience as a factor in achieving the “American Dream” “American Dream” in the tale “The King's Indian” (1974) by John Champlin Gardner Jr. (1933-1982), and it also attempts to determine the mechanism for the embodiment of the national utopian project in this work of fiction. The analysis examines the constituent elements of the project in synchronic and diachronic projections, it highlights the levels of the project actualisation in the work, it analyses how the characters try to implement it in relation to their worldview and individual existential plans; thus, successful and unsuccessful models of the achieving the “American Dream” are found. As a result, it is proved that the failure is due to the lack of religious mysticism. The failure leads to the destruction of the character's existential plan, built in accordance with the utopian project, and to its possible subsequent reconstruction. The successful realisation of the “American Dream” is possible only when the character follows “self-reliance" and trusts the transcendental forces. “The King's Indian” also reflects the philosophical and aesthetic program of “moral literature”, later formulated by Gardner in the essay of the same name.
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장찌 and 장태원. "Research of Existential Sentences in A Dream of Red Mansions." Journal of North-east Asian Cultures 1, no. 46 (March 2016): 191–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.17949/jneac.1.46.201603.011.
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CEBALLOS, David. "A teoria do sonho de F. S. perls: evolução, problemas teóricos e práticos." PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDIES - Revista da Abordagem Gestáltica 27, no. 2 (2021): 227–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18065/2021v27n2.9.
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The dream theory created by F. S. Perls, traditionally, has been characterized as a projection or an existential message. However, this description only represents a simplistic explanation of the broader and original conceptualization of the dream phenomenon developed by Perls. In this regard, in this paper an orderly exposition of the perlsian theory of the dream is done, as well as a critical analysis of the propositions on which it is based, paying special attention to the errors inherent in it and its implications in clinical practice. It is concluded that the perlsian theory of the oneiric evolved in three stages, namely, original model of the dream, model of correspondence and classical model of the dream, each of which constitutes, in its own right, a theory of the dream in which it defines the dream phenomenon in a particular way and is attributed to specific psychological and therapeutic functions, as well as a specific work methodology. Palavras-chave : Gestalt therapy; Dreams; Hallucinations; Fantasy; Eidetic imager.
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Cahya, Aditya Nur, and Yeny Prastiwi. "PICTURING EXISTENTIAL FREEDOM IN THE ALCHEMIST." Journal of Language and Literature 10, no. 1 (2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35760/jll.2022.v10i1.5414.
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The Alchemist is an adventure novel which highlighted the journey of the main character of this novel, Santiago, a shepherd who endeavored to realize his dream and desire, he who definitely felt at free to pick himself out to where he brings himself to somewhere or being what he had ever desire for his existence. This study focuses on how the depiction of existential freedom is pictured in the novel which is analyzed by existentialist approach. The objective of this study is to mention how existential freedom is pictured in the novel and to analyze the portrayal of existential freedom by the main character of the novel. The study employs document analysis to reveal how Santiago can become a man with freedom that is able to realize his existence, meanwhile in collecting data, the study uses note-taking. This study that applies Sartre’s conception of freedom shows the result that somebody who has their own independency can realize their existence through several stages, which are aware of their existence; aware of their life’s purpose, being in anguish, then them took their choice conscientiously, and committed to themselves for the decisions they had choose nevertheless in the situation which require to change by turns.
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Gómez López, Jesús Isaías. "JACK LONDON, THE SOCIALIST DREAM OF A YOUNG POET." Revista de Estudios Norteamericanos, no. 24 (2020): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ren.2020.i24.05.
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Jack London began writing poetry in May 1897. From then on, the lyrical process, in the form of odd, single lines, stanzas and complete poems, would be present throughout his career as a novelist, essayist and short-story writer. His most ambitiously prolific period was between 1897 and 1899, and by the age of twenty-three he had already composed and published most of his poems. London’s incursion into poetry was not fortuitous, but instead was a deliberate, personal decision to enter what he hoped would be a lucrative profession. This began in May 1897, with the poem “Effusion”, which launched what was to be a short but vibrant poetic career. London’s poetry is replete with a wide variety of issues and captures the most intimate and existential expression of a young man who aspired to make poetry the literary and vocational tool with which to become a crucial figure in the promising socialist movement of the fin de siècle.
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Ammari, Deema N., Areej K. Allawzi, and Akram A. Odeh. "Surrealist Presencing in Theophile Gautier’s ‘The Mummy’s Foot’." Modern Applied Science 13, no. 3 (February 28, 2019): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v13n3p153.
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This paper attempts to pursue a Surrealist approach to Existential presencing as projected in Theophile Gautier’s ‘The Mummy’s Foot’. The existentialist individual is thrown into an absurd nonsensical world, and is only capable of giving meaning to his existence by distancing himself from society and proving his presence through subjective continuous action, or else risks his reduction to nonexistence. Likewise, the Surrealist aim is to escape the rational limitations of society hindering the individual’s ability to project his full imaginative potential. The only possible way for a Surrealist to truly experience and project his creativity and place in the world is through one’s sub-conscious, only possibly accessed in the dream world, which otherwise is never fully attainable in the waking-state. The paper attempts to offer a fresh perspective as it explores the possibility of tracing existential presencing by utilizing the Surrealist method of dream interpretation in literature. The conjoining of the waking-state and the dream world grants access to the possibility of proving one’s existence in either state, so long as subjective action is affected and continued in both realities.
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Mouw, Alex. "Berryman's Sickness Unto Death." Christianity & Literature 67, no. 2 (February 18, 2018): 361–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148333117705668.
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In his copy of Søren Kierkegaard's The Sickness Unto Death, John Berryman inserted a handwritten note entitled “Sense of Guilt,” which ends in an existential prayer: “I tremble — I am afraid — Jesus, Son of God, help me.” Twenty years later, Berryman published one of his most substantial collections of poetry: 77 Dream Songs. And though the Dream Songs were published long after Berryman left his anxious comments in The Sickness Unto Death, I argue that they enact a struggle with the Christian concepts of despair and the self as Berryman learned them from Kierkegaard.
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Tishchenko, Pavel. "EXISTENTIAL MEANING OF HUMAN DESIGN PROJECTS." Chelovek.RU, no. 15 (2020): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32691/2410-0935-2020-15-229-243.
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The idea of human design rests in the heart of European humanist project. The existential meaning of the idea of human design is analyzed. A piece of the work by J. Pico della Mirandola is interpreted as a prophecy expressing the fate of the New European era (by M. Heidegger). Several aspects could be distin-guished in this prophecy: the throwing of man into the world without his place, form and purpose, the right and demand to define both place and form and raison d 'être by reason. Historically, special exper-iments of solving the fundamental mystery are considered - what it means to be human from Descartes to modern transhumanistic projects of human self-construction? The meaning of the New Time era is de-fined through J. Pico 's proposed existential task. It is emphasized that at every historically special stage of subjugation of the nature of man, the dream of almighty condensed in the strange topos of about-being. Faced with the impossibility of defeating death, and without abandoning new projects of its sub-jugation, the modern era generates existential substitution. Suffering is put on the scene of death as the main representative of evil. The result is euthanasia technologies that view death not just as a lesser evil compared to suffering (pain), but as the most radical mean of achieving the new goal - radical pain relief. A thought experiment is being conducted to demonstrate the possibility of self-destruction of mankind motivated by the desire to solve the difficult problems of mankind in the way of its euthanasia.
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Tilsley, Daniel. "The meaningful art of one of the ‘worst movies of all time’: Phil Tucker’s Robot Monster (1953) as an existentialist critique of American modernity." Horror Studies 13, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/host_00044_1.
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This article analyses one of the ‘worst movies ever made’, Robot Monster (Tucker 1953), demonstrating how the text, through weirdness, pulpy absurdity and cinematic ineptitude, examines and mediates on the existential anxieties of modern America during the Cold War. Through the strange language of gorilla-robots and alien invasion, the text articulates those existential anxieties that arise from our awareness of freedom vs. the need to be contingent under increasingly interconnected societal conditions. As such, Robot Monster is also posited as a contribution to contemporary intellectual currents of the 1950s. This article will investigate the sense in which the key aspects of the film: Ro-Man society as mass society; Ro-Man as conflicted between ‘must’ and ‘cannot’; Ro-Man as a gorilla-robot; the perspective of Johnny’s dream, articulate and mediate on those anxieties. An examination of Robot Monster allows us to appreciate the ways in which ‘bad’ cinema creates alternative ways of seeing the problems and existential anxieties of contemporary American modernity.
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Makarevich, Aleś. "Паэма Янкi Купалы “Сон на кургане”: асаблiвасцi мастацкага свету." Białorutenistyka Białostocka 13 (2021): 135–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/bb.2021.13.09.
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In the poem “Son na kurganye” by Yanka Kupala the author uses symbolic form and content (dream, night dream) in order to present the existence of man from the perspective of his entitled fate and hostility of existential space. The author of the article directs his attention to the presence of poet’s social predictions for Belarusians. Symbolic form and content, conventionality of artistic form and its elements (mysticism, recurrence, analogy of events, etc.), semantic code, problems, combination of the past, present and future in the space of dream-code have been analyzed. In order to reinforce conclusions about the conceptual way of artistic presentation of reality in Y. Kupala’s oeuvre, the author compares the poem “Son na kurganye” to other poems (“Razlad”, “Son”, “Syabroutsam na doli”, “Prystal k žit’..”, “Prarok”, “Uwies da dna”, “Viečarynka”, “Adviečnaya piesnya”, “Kurgan”, “Yana i ya”, tragycomedy “Tuteyšija”).
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Wogan, Peter. "Existential economics: Mexican-American dream strategies to predict and understand business outcomes." Economic Anthropology 4, no. 2 (June 2017): 276–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sea2.12094.
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Sobaś-Mikołajczyk, Pola. "Rozkrajanie amerykańskiego snu skalpelem "Mitu Syzyfa". Egzystencjalizm i diagnoza amerykańskiego kryzysu w serialu "Fargo"." Panoptikum, no. 20 (December 17, 2018): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/pan.2018.20.04.
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In my paper I focus on presenting the American crisis on the example of the series Fargo. The Coen brothers show different heroes in the role of contemporary Sisyphus. Drawing on the philosophy of Sartre and Kierkegaard, they analyze the existential condition of their characters and expose the American dream. They entangle the characters into economic, emotional and living crises in order to expose the illusion of emancipation in capitalism.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 76, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2002): 117–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002550.
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-James Sidbury, Peter Linebaugh ,The many-headed Hydra: Sailors, slaves, commoners, and the hidden history of the revolutionary Atlantic. Boston: Beacon Press, 2000. 433 pp., Marcus Rediker (eds)-Ray A. Kea, Herbert S. Klein, The Atlantic slave trade. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1999. xxi + 234 pp.-Johannes Postma, P.C. Emmer, De Nederlandse slavenhandel 1500-1850. Amsterdam: De Arbeiderspers, 2000. 259 pp.-Karen Racine, Mimi Sheller, Democracy after slavery: Black publics and peasant radicalism in Haiti and Jamaica. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001. xv + 224 pp.-Clarence V.H. Maxwell, Michael Craton ,Islanders in the stream: A history of the Bahamian people. Volume two: From the ending of slavery to the twenty-first century. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1998. xv + 562 pp., Gail Saunders (eds)-César J. Ayala, Guillermo A. Baralt, Buena Vista: Life and work on a Puerto Rican hacienda, 1833-1904. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999. xix + 183 pp.-Elizabeth Deloughrey, Thomas W. Krise, Caribbeana: An anthology of English literature of the West Indies 1657-1777. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999. xii + 358 pp.-Vera M. Kutzinski, John Gilmore, The poetics of empire: A study of James Grainger's The Sugar Cane (1764). London: Athlone Press, 2000. x + 342 pp.-Sue N. Greene, Adele S. Newson ,Winds of change: The transforming voices of Caribbean women writers and scholars. New York: Peter Lang, 1998. viii + 237 pp., Linda Strong-Leek (eds)-Sue N. Greene, Mary Condé ,Caribbean women writers: Fiction in English. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999. x + 233 pp., Thorunn Lonsdale (eds)-Cynthia James, Simone A. James Alexander, Mother imagery in the novels of Afro-Caribbean women. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2001. x + 214 pp.-Efraín Barradas, John Dimitri Perivolaris, Puerto Rican cultural identity and the work of Luis Rafael Sánchez. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000. 203 pp.-Peter Redfield, Daniel Miller ,The internet: An ethnographic approach. Oxford: Berg Publishers, 2000. ix + 217 pp., Don Slater (eds)-Deborah S. Rubin, Carla Freeman, High tech and high heels in the global economy: Women, work, and pink-collar identities in the Caribbean. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 2000. xiii + 334 pp.-John D. Galuska, Norman C. Stolzoff, Wake the town and tell the people: Dancehall culture in Jamaica. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 2000. xxviii + 298 pp.-Lise Waxer, Helen Myers, Music of Hindu Trinidad: Songs from the Indian Diaspora. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998. xxxii + 510 pp.-Lise Waxer, Peter Manuel, East Indian music in the West Indies: Tan-singing, chutney, and the making of Indo-Caribbean culture. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000. xxv + 252 pp.-Reinaldo L. Román, María Teresa Vélez, Drumming for the Gods: The life and times of Felipe García Villamil, Santero, Palero, and Abakuá. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000. xx + 210 pp.-James Houk, Kenneth Anthony Lum, Praising his name in the dance: Spirit possession in the spiritual Baptist faith and Orisha work in Trinidad, West Indies. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers. xvi + 317 pp.-Raquel Romberg, Jean Muteba Rahier, Representations of Blackness and the performance of identities. Westport CT: Bergin & Garvey, 1999. xxvi + 264 pp.-Allison Blakely, Lulu Helder ,Sinterklaasje, kom maar binnen zonder knecht. Berchem, Belgium: EPO, 1998. 215 pp., Scotty Gravenberch (eds)-Karla Slocum, Nicholas Mirzoeff, Diaspora and visual culture: Representing Africans and Jews. London: Routledge, 2000. xiii + 263 pp.-Corey D.B. Walker, Paget Henry, Caliban's reason: Introducing Afro-Caribbean philosophy. New York: Routledge, 2000. xiii + 304 pp.-Corey D.B. Walker, Lewis R. Gordon, Existentia Africana: Understanding Africana existential thought. New York; Routledge, 2000. xiii +228 pp.-Alex Dupuy, Bob Shacochis, The immaculate invasion. New York: Viking, 1999. xix + 408 pp.-Alex Dupuy, John R. Ballard, Upholding democracy: The United States military campaign in Haiti, 1994-1997. Westport CT: Praeger, 1998. xviii + 263 pp.-Anthony Payne, Jerry Haar ,Canadian-Caribbean relations in transition: Trade, sustainable development and security. London: Macmillan, 1999. xxii + 255 pp., Anthony T. Bryan (eds)-Bonham C. Richardson, Sergio Díaz-Briquets ,Conquering nature: The environmental legacy of socialism in Cuba. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. xiii + 328 pp., Jorge Pérez-López (eds)-Neil L. Whitehead, Gérard Collomb ,Na'na Kali'na: Une histoire des Kali'na en Guyane. Petit Bourg, Guadeloupe: Ibis Rouge Editions, 2000. 145 pp., Félix Tiouka (eds)-Neil L. Whitehead, Upper Mazaruni Amerinidan District Council, Amerinidan Peoples Association of Guyana, Forest Peoples Programme, Indigenous peoples, land rights and mining in the Upper Mazaruni. Nijmegan, Netherlands: Global Law Association, 2000. 132 pp.-Salikoko S. Mufwene, Ronald F. Kephart, 'Broken English': The Creole language of Carriacou. New York: Peter Lang, 2000. xvi + 203 pp.-Salikoko S. Mufwene, Velma Pollard, Dread talk: The language of Rastafari. Kingston: Canoe Press: Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. Revised edition, 2000. xv + 117 pp.
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Taylor, Kenneth Bruce. "Sunset for the American Dream." International Journal of Social Economics 44, no. 12 (December 4, 2017): 1639–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-02-2016-0059.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present and explore the deleterious socioeconomic consequence of six interrelated trends upon the sustainability of the personal portion of America’s social contract. Design/methodology/approach Neoclassical economic growth theory is used to frame the discussion of the trends in significant variables. This paper is a general review and draws on widely available data and academic insights of scholars. Findings This detailed examination leads to rejection of ergodicity and concludes that the existing social contract is unrealizable and unsustainable in present form for all but a shrinking minority of citizens. Research limitations/implications The conclusion is robust but tentative since the trends reviewed are not fixed and may deviate from existing trend lines given undetermined government policies and unforeseeable technological developments. Originality/value The paper examines the origins and implications of six adverse systemic trends, highlighting the fact that existing policy prescriptions lack understanding of – and/or scale to comprehensively address – a growing existential threat to the Liberal Tradition’s entrenched social contract.
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Wright, Scott T., Pei C. Grant, Rachel M. Depner, James P. Donnelly, and Christopher W. Kerr. "Meaning-centered dream work with hospice patients: A pilot study." Palliative and Supportive Care 13, no. 5 (October 15, 2014): 1193–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951514001072.
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AbstractObjective:Hospice patients often struggle with loss of meaning, while many experience meaningful dreams. The purpose of this study was to conduct a preliminary exploration into the process and therapeutic outcomes of meaning-centered dream work with hospice patients.Method:A meaning-centered variation of the cognitive–experiential model of dream work (Hill, 1996; 2004) was tested with participants. This variation was influenced by the tenets of meaning-centered psychotherapy (Breitbart et al., 2012). A total of 12 dream-work sessions were conducted with 7 hospice patients (5 women), and session transcripts were analyzed using the consensual qualitative research (CQR) method (Hill, 2012). Participants also completed measures of gains from dream interpretation in terms of existential well-being and quality of life.Results:Participants' dreams generally featured familiar settings and living family and friends. Reported images from dreams were usually connected to feelings, relationships, and the concerns of waking life. Participants typically interpreted their dreams as meaning that they needed to change their way of thinking, address legacy concerns, or complete unfinished business. Generally, participants developed and implemented action plans based on these interpretations, despite their physical limitations. Participants described dream-work sessions as meaningful, comforting, and helpful. High scores on a measure of gains from dream interpretation were reported, consistent with qualitative findings. No adverse effects were reported or indicated by assessments.Significance of Results:Our results provided initial support for the feasibility and helpfulness of dream work in this population. Implications for counseling with the dying and directions for future research were also explored.
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Brandt, Per Aage. "La Falange: The Structure of a Fascist Dream." Cognitive Semiotics 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cogsem.2012.4.2.57.
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Abstract The text proposes a structural narrative reading of José Antonio Primo de Rivera’s falangist discourse and shows how its thinking is based on spatial and dynamic imagination and a particularly strong sacrificial nationalist motif. It further suggests that the symbolic dimension in its nationalism constitutes a driving emotional force to be found in all nationalisms. Falangism was a religious version of fascism, famous for becoming the official ideology of Francoist Spain; but it shared with all militant national political forms of thinking the emotionally compelling mystique: the feeling of a spiritual essence and force emanating from a beloved land and conveying existential identity and value to its subjects, thus justifying and calling for committed violent and sacrificial acts that override ordinary systems of lawful behavior.
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Solomonova, Elizaveta, Claudia Picard-Deland, Iris L. Rapoport, Marie-Hélène Pennestri, Mysa Saad, Tetyana Kendzerska, Samuel Paul Louis Veissiere, et al. "Stuck in a lockdown: Dreams, bad dreams, nightmares, and their relationship to stress, depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 24, 2021): e0259040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259040.
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Background An upsurge in dream and nightmare frequency has been noted since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and research shows increases in levels of stress, depression and anxiety during this time. Growing evidence suggests that dream content has a bi-directional relationship with psychopathology, and that dreams react to new, personally significant and emotional experiences. The first lockdown experience was an acute event, characterized by a combination of several unprecedent factors (new pandemic, threat of disease, global uncertainty, the experience of social isolation and exposure to stressful information) that resulted in a large-scale disruption of life routines. This study aimed at investigating changes in dream, bad dream and nightmare recall; most prevalent dream themes; and the relationship between dreams, bad dreams, nightmares and symptoms of stress, depression and anxiety during the first COVID-19 lockdown (April-May 2020) through a national online survey. Methods 968 participants completed an online survey. Dream themes were measured using the Typical Dreams Questionnaire; stress levels were measured by the Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale; symptoms of anxiety were assessed by Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale; and symptoms of depression were assessed using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology. Results 34% (328) of participants reported increased dream recall during the lockdown. The most common dream themes were centered around the topics of 1) inefficacy (e.g., trying again and again, arriving late), 2) human threat (e.g., being chased, attacked); 3) death; and 4) pandemic imagery (e.g., being separated from loved ones, being sick). Dream, bad dream and nightmare frequency was highest in individuals with moderate to severe stress levels. Frequency of bad dreams, nightmares, and dreams about the pandemic, inefficacy, and death were associated with higher levels of stress, as well as with greater symptoms of depression and anxiety. Conclusions Results support theories of dream formation, environmental susceptibility and stress reactivity. Dream content during the lockdown broadly reflected existential concerns and was associated with increased symptoms of mental health indices.
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Ertem, Elif. "A Feminist Critique of “I’m Thinking of Ending Things”: A Trapped Young Woman in the Dream of a Man." Kadın/Woman 2000, Journal for Women's Studies 22, no. 1 (July 18, 2021): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33831/jws.v22i1.220.
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Written and directed by Charlie Kaufman, I’m Thinking of Ending Things recently metwith viewers of Netflix and brought the controversy. The film is in the focus of criticism as wellas the likes, praise, and applause. The film is an adaptation from the Canadian writer Iain Reid’sbestselling namesake novel. Neither the book nor the film is not intended to be a feminist study,although it argues to show the existential crisis and the inner-voices of a young woman character.Instead, this piece reflects the subjective interpretations of dreams, memories, and a man’s life,Jake. What makes this piece a subject of feminist critique is the promised story of the movieand the starting point of the movie. This movie promises the audience to hear the voice of ayoung woman going through an existential crisis, making her wonder about her story.
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Embelton, Gary. "“He only talked about sex and nobody believes that stuff any more”: An attempt at Freudian consciousness raising in tertiary education." Queensland Journal of Guidance and Counselling 1 (October 1987): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1030316200000388.
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The concepts of Freud's Psychoanalytic Therapy are well-known to professional helpers, and many of his principles and techniques (e.g. the “Freudian slip”, Dream Analysis) are familiar to laypersons. For many reasons, training courses for tertiary counsellors often focus on humanistic, existential or behavioural approaches to counselling, with psychodynamic approaches relegated to the minor league. This paper highlights the attempts to raise the consciousness of postgraduate counselling students to the significance of Freudian concepts in counselling and therapy, through a teaching unit developed by the author. The rationale, objectives, content, process, and student evaluations of the course are discussed.
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Bálint, Péter. "Dialogues of judgement and dream interpretation in folk tales." Boletín de Literatura Oral 11 (July 19, 2021): 117–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17561/blo.v11.6041.
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Some of the kings in the narrative actually follow Kantian orientation in their judgment and allow the right of necessity to enter into their thinking: they listen to others or (the good sense of) the truthful heart because of their limited or deficient knowledge. Others, delighted with their self-belief and mania for power, throw scorn on the law, on mercy, pardon, and forgiveness, and let themselves be led by anger, stupidity, complacency, stigma and desire for exclusion. In the tale narratives, they are further represented as scholars/wisemen, fortune-tellers, the ‘foresighted’, ancient old men, old women, wizards, taltoses (in the words of folklorist Ilona Nagy “mysterious people of fate”), doubles/doppelgangers, or animals with extraordinary abilities (the ability to speak human languages, or to transfigure themselves), prestigious kings from another country, ministers, advisors, witches who deceive the king (not uncommonly Gypsy women), depending on whether the intention is to link the giver of advice and the meaning of what he says to the sacred (biblical) or the profane (sometimes mythical), as it illuminates his/her existential character.
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Muller, Robin M. "The Dred Scott Ontology and the Philosophical Significance of Slave Narratives." Journal of Speculative Philosophy 36, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jspecphil.36.2.0149.
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ABSTRACT Framed by a critical assessment of R. M. Hare’s classic paper “What Is Wrong With Slavery?,” this article argues that traditional forms of philosophical analysis miss chattel slavery’s specifically racialized harm. A crucial reason is the failure to attend to how slavery was experienced by those who were enslaved. To remedy this neglect, and adapting Calvin Warren’s reading of the Dred Scott decision, I show that slave narratives are rich philosophical resources for thinking about the existential reality of enslavement and that they anticipate later insights from the Afro-pessimist and Black nihilist traditions. I conclude by showing how these insights construe the harm of chattel slavery in ways that are inexpressible through the kinds of traditional philosophical sense-making that Hare pursues.
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Leksyutina, Y. V. "The ‘Chinese Dream’ or the ‘American Nightmare’: Where Did the U.S.-China Relations Come in Three Decades." Journal of International Analytics 12, no. 2 (August 19, 2021): 12–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2021-12-2-12-30.
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The bulk of academic studies characterize the contemporary U.S. – China relations as asymmetrical ones, in which the relations' agenda − a course towards finding areas of cooperation or emphasizing contradictions/rivalry − was set by Washington's policy towards China, with the latter being more of a reacting party. In this paper, I argue that one needs a further and deeper reflection on the current confrontation between the U.S. and China, in particular the reasons and circumstances of how and why the “Chinese dream” of a remarkable renaissance of the Chinese nation became an American nightmare, forcing Washington to opt for a containment policy against China. In this regard, I show the importance of tracing the dynamics of the post-Cold War development of the U.S. – China relations to comprehend the patterns and logic of the shaping of American policy towards China. The article also explains the evolution of U.S. – China relations in the post-Cold War period as determined by the presence or absence of a strategic basis in the U.S. – China relations, which implies cooperation between the two countries in stopping the external existential threat to the U.S. So, I conclude that the uniqueness of the current stage lies in the fact that, because of China's emergence as a strong global power and Washington's disillusions about China, China itself is beginning to be perceived by Washington as an existential threat, to stop which the containment policy should be applied.
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Mayo, Peter. "Paulo Freire's relevance 100 years on." EDUCATIONAL REFLECTIVE PRACTICES, no. 1 (July 2022): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/erp1-2022oa13733.
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This paper pays tribute to Paulo Freire a hundred years after his birth in September 1921. It outlines a global scenario against which his ideas and insights can be measured: Neoliberalism, a global pandemic, fake news, a still Darwinian world at the heart of a North-South imperial politics, a culture of militarisation, a sense of fatalism where the present highlights the limits of what is possible, the ideology of ideological death and planetary devastation leading to the ever presence of people striving to move from South to South and South to North to eke out a living still, for many, on the margins of society. Freire's never ending politics of hope and the urge to dream the possible dream rooted in one's existential situation, his emphasis on a politics of solidarity and from below through social movements and the ever important pedagogy of the question, problematization, constitute an antidote to what is awry in this ‘grand and terrible world'. Praxis (action resulting from reflection on previous action), to be distinguished from mere practice (prassi in Italian – habitual behaviour) and dialectical thinking, lie at the heart of Freire's antidote in these times.
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Dimitrova, Nina. "Experiencing historical time: Apocalypse and authoritarianism in inter-war Bulgarian existential philosophy." Slavia Meridionalis 14 (November 27, 2014): 260–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sm.2014.012.
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Experiencing historical time: Apocalypse and authoritarianism in inter-war Bulgarian existential philosophyThis article deals with the sense of the pace of time as reflected in the works of Bulgarian philosophers from the “philosophy of life” school, and of other thinkers active in the humanities. It is shown that the feeling of “condensed” time among the authors of the inter-war period is inevitably associated with Biblical imagery – the “reduction” of time foresees the end of time. Several authors left a lasting mark on Bulgarian intellectual history due to their sensitivity to the sharp turns of the age, and their awareness of the intense “flow” of time.The most prominent among tchem were Spiridon Kazandjiev and Yanko Yanev, authors with right-wing political leanings. This article reveals how the end of time provoked in them not only distress and anxiety but also exhilaration at what lay ahead, as if it were the realisation of a longcherished dream. Doświadczanie czasu historycznego. Apokalipsa i autorytaryzm w bułgarskiej filozofii egzystencjalnej okresu międzywojennegoNiniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest doświadczeniu tempa czasu, odzwierciedlonemu w twórczości bułgarskich filozofów sytuujących się w nurcie „filozofii życia” w najszerszym ze znaczeń, jak również innych myślicieli. Zostaje w nim pokazane, jak poczucie czasu „skondensowanego” u autorów okresu międzywojennego nieodzownie kojarzone jest z obrazami biblijnymi – czas „zredukowany” zapowiada zbliżający się koniec.Myśliciele, którzy pozostawiają trwałe ślady w bułgarskiej historii intelektualistów właśnie w powodu swej wrażliwości na gwałtowne zwroty w czasie, na intensywność jego upływu, to m.in. Spirydon Kazandżijew [Спиридон Казанджиев], Janko Janew [Янко Янев], Najden Szejtanow [Найден Шейтанов] – autorzy o orientacji prawicowej. Artykuł ukazuje, jak „koniec czasów” budzi u nich nie tylko udrękę i niepokój, ale i podekscytowanie z powodu tego, co nadchodzi – pojmowanego jako urzeczywistnienie długo pielęgnowanego marzenia.
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Śniedziewski, Piotr. "Disappearing Suns, Disappearing Worlds — The Black Sun in Krasiński’s Work." Studia Litterarum 5, no. 4 (2020): 182–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2500-4247-2020-5-4-182-203.
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The aim of the article is to analyze the metaphor of the black sun in the correspondence and in the work of Zygmunt Krasiński, one of the greatest Polish Romantics. The black sun appears very early in this work, because Krasiński had already written about it in his juveniles edited in French. In these early works (for example, A Dream and Fragment of a Dream both from 1830), the writer portrays dark visions related to a cosmic catastrophe and the Last Judgment. The persona of these texts, plunged in despair, is an isolated individual both in the social and metaphysical sense. The metaphor of the black sun, however, develops in two dramas by Krasiński: Non-divine comedy (1835) and Irydion (1836). The meaning of this metaphor changes, and Krasiński sees in it not only existential (pessimistic) content but also historiosophical meanings. The fading sun or the sunset in these dramas is a metaphor for the fall of history, the end of times; it is also clearly religious because the night, devoid of hope for the return of the sun, becomes the eternal night that follows Christ’s crucifixion and is identical with the dominance of Satan in the human world order
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Cuc, Bogdan Sebastian. "The Fragility of the Space-Time Unit in an Institutional Context." Romanian Journal of Psychoanalysis 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjp-2022-0007.
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Abstract The space-time unit, as the basis of institutional construction, a place and a time in which anxieties, conflicts, the thanatic impulses or the drives of the Eros can be updated, conceived, integrated, is in a relationship of dependence with the context, a context in which it grants its functionality. This conditioning highlights the fragility of the space-time unit, under the pressure of multiple affiliations, of the polysemantism of representations, of uncertainty. Starting from an institutional perspective on the analytical setting, built as a unit of space-time, I propose a foray into the dream universe under particular existential pressures, together with Charlotte Beradt and her impressive testimony from the book “The Third Reich of Dreams” (Das Dritte Reich des Traums), in which she managed to collect 300 dreams of ordinary people who lived during Hitler’s regime.
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Martinsen, Bente, Anita Haahr, Pia Dreyer, and Annelise Norlyk. "High on Walking: Conquering Everyday Life." Western Journal of Nursing Research 40, no. 5 (January 12, 2017): 633–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193945916685553.
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The aim of this study is to discuss the meaning of walking impairment among people who have previously been able to walk on their own. The study is based on findings from three different life situations: older people recovering after admission in intermediate care, people who have lost a leg, and people who live with Parkinson’s disease. The analysis of the data is inspired by Paul Ricoeur’s philosophy of interpretation. Four themes were identified: (a) I feel high in two ways; (b) Walking has to be automatic; (c) Every Monday, I walk with the girls in the park; and (d) I dream of walking along the street without sticks and things like that. The findings demonstrate that inability to walk profoundly affected the participants’ lives. Other problems seemed small by comparison because walking impairment was at the same time experienced as a concrete physical limit and an existential deficit.
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Torchin, Leshu. "Chronicle of a Quest: Silence after Killing." Film Quarterly 69, no. 2 (2015): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2015.69.2.25.
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After the “flamboyant fever dream” and ontological experimentations of The Act of Killing (2013), Joshua Oppenheimer's latest film, The Look of Silence, comes as something of a shock. A poetic, intimate film, it relies on more traditional documentary styles, interviews, and observation in particular. At the same time, the film illustrates the challenges of documentary testimony, both practical (in terms of collection, credibility, and deployment) and existential (as a hybrid of truth and fiction). The challenges and oscillation offer a way of expressing the conditions of the survivors, caught between a past they know to be true and the amnesiac historiography that surrounds them. Although such strategies produce a similar destabilization of ontological and epistemological certainty akin to those found in Killing, there is nonetheless a departure as the sobriety confers a moral authority that enables this film to be deployed in social justice projects.
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Sevilla-Vallejo, Santiago. "The Search for Koinos Kosmos in Philip K. Dick’s Fiction." Journal of Critical Studies in Language and Literature 1, no. 3 (August 18, 2020): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.46809/jcsll.v1i3.28.
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As it has been previously studied, Philip K. Dick's work raises existential questions that do not have a clear answer, but theyinvite us to seek the truth. One of the essential themes in his writings is that our perception about reality is false (IdiosKosmos) In this sense, Philip K. Dick's statements and novels consider that human life is a constant struggle with obstacles.This paper analyses how his biography and readings led him to form a philosophical attitude that was essential in hiswritings. Then, the motives that distort the experience and the process of searching for the true reality are compared in threenovels. On the one hand, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? and Ubik show different futuristic dystopias where humanvalues are endangered. On the other hand, VALIS is about the search of transcendence from a more realistic andautobiographical approach. The aim of this article is to reflect about the search of the koinos kosmos contained in these threenovels.
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Bäcker, Andreas. "Towards the autopoiesis of imagination." Gestalt Theory 43, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gth-2021-0013.
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Abstract Already in the romantic it has been assumed, that there is an existential interrelation between nature, human being and mind. According to this idea, there is a narrow interrelation of creation between literature, science, dream and reality, which should be expressed in a progressive universal poetry. Gestalt theory and the concept of autopoiesis, developed by Maturana and Varela, could be regarded as a scientific enhancement of this approach and are united in that sense. By analyses of dreams, it becomes evident, that neurobiological and mental processes are determined by the same principles of self-constitution and gestalt production. They are attending in equal measures to homeostatic conditions. The interaction of living systems with their environment as well as their evolution base on recursive reorganisation. Following this principle, imagination, speech and self-reflection are developed. The observer comes to existence by his own distinctions. Phenomenal appearance and real existence, poetry and scientific findings are results of the autopoietic organisation of living, of which we form a part.