Relevant bibliographies by topics / Existence variety

Academic literature on the topic 'Existence variety'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Existence variety"

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Zhang, Wen Ting. "Existence of a new limit variety of aperiodic monoids." Semigroup Forum 86, no. 1 (May 30, 2012): 212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00233-012-9410-6.

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Lee, Min Ho. "Existence of Torus bundles associated to cocycles." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 73, no. 3 (June 2006): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700035383.

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A Kuga fibre variety is a fibre bundle over a locally symmetric space whose fibre is a polarized Abelian variety. We describe a complex torus bundle associated to a 2-cocycle of a discrete group, which may be regarded as a generalized Kuga fibre variety, and prove the existence of such a bundle.
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Auinger, K., J. Doyle, and P. R. Jones. "On existence varieties of locally inverse semigroups." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 115, no. 2 (March 1994): 197–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004100072042.

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AbstractA locally inverse semigroup is a regular semigroup S with the property that eSe is inverse for each idempotent e of S. Motivated by natural examples such as inverse semigroups and completely simple semigroups, these semigroups have been the subject of deep structure-theoretic investigations. The class ℒ ℐ of locally inverse semigroups forms an existence variety (or e-variety): a class of regular semigroups closed under direct products, homomorphic images and regular subsemigroups. We consider the lattice ℒ(ℒℐ) of e-varieties of such semigroups. In particular we investigate the operations of taking meet and join with the e-variety CS of completely simple semigroups. An important consequence of our results is a determination of the join of CS with the e-variety of inverse semigroups – it comprises the E-solid locally inverse semigroups. It is shown, however, that not every e-variety of E-solid locally inverse semigroups is the join of completely simple and inverse e-varieties.
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Hall, T. E. "Identities for existence varieties of regular semigroups." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 40, no. 1 (August 1989): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000497270000349x.

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A natural concept of variety for regular semigroups is introduced: an existence variety (or e-variety) of regular semigroups is a class of regular semigroups closed under the operations H, Se, P of taking all homomorphic images, regular subsernigroups and direct products respectively. Examples include the class of orthodox semigroups, the class of (regular) locally inverse semigroups and the class of regular E-solid semigroups. The lattice of e-varieties of regular semigroups includes the lattices of varieties of inverse semigroups and of completely regular semigroups. A Birkhoff-type theorem is proved, showing that each e-variety is determined by a set of identities: such identities are then given for many e-varieties. The concept is meaningful in universal algebra, and as for regular semigroups could give interesting results for e-varieties of regular rings.
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Tsimerman, Jacob. "The existence of an abelian variety over Q isogenous to no Jacobian." Annals of Mathematics 176, no. 1 (July 1, 2012): 637–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4007/annals.2012.176.1.12.

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Doyle, J. "On existence varieties of orthodox semigroups." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society. Series A. Pure Mathematics and Statistics 58, no. 1 (February 1995): 100–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446788700038131.

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AbstractAn existence variety of regular semigroups is a class of regular semigroups which is closed under the operations of forming all homomorphic images, all regular subsemigroups and all direct products. In this paper we generalize results on varieties of inverse semigroups to existence varieties of orthodox semigroups.
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YEH, Y. T. "THE EXISTENCE OF E-FREE OBJECTS IN E-VARIETIES OF REGULAR SEMIGROUPS." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 02, no. 04 (December 1992): 471–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218196792000281.

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An existence variety (or e-variety) of regular semigroups is a class of regular semigroups which is closed under [Formula: see text], and ℍ. This concept was introduced by T.E. Hall and independently for orthodox semigroups by J. Kadourek and M.B. Szendrei who called them bivarieties. In this paper we prove the existence of e-free objects in each e-variety of E-solid regular semigroups and in each e-variety of locally inverse regular semigroups. By contrast, we show that there is no e-free object in other e-varieties.
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OSTWALD, RENATA N. "On the existence of Levi Foliations." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 73, no. 1 (March 2001): 07–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652001000100002.

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Let L <img src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059c.gif"> <img src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059c2.gif"> be a real 3 dimensional analytic variety. For each regular point p <img src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059e.gif"> L there exists a unique complex line l p on the space tangent to L at p. When the field of complex line p <img ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0" src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059img4.gif" ALT="$\displaystyle \mapsto$"> l p is completely integrable, we say that L is Levi variety. More generally; let L <img src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059c.gif"> M be a real subvariety in an holomorphic complex variety M. If there exists a real 2 dimensional integrable distribution on L which is invariant by the holomorphic structure J induced by M, we say that L is a Levi variety. We shall prove: Theorem. Let <img ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059img5.gif" ALT="$ \cal {L}$"> be a Levi foliation and let <img ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059img6.gif" ALT="$ \cal {F}$"> be the induced holomorphic foliation. Then, <img ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059img6.gif" ALT="$ \cal {F}$"> admits a Liouvillian first integral. In other words, if <img ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059img5.gif" ALT="$ \cal {L}$"> is a 3 dimensional analytic foliation such that the induced complex distribution defines an holomorphic foliation <img ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059img6.gif" ALT="$ \cal {F}$">; that is, if <img ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059img5.gif" ALT="$ \cal {L}$"> is a Levi foliation; then <img ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059img6.gif" ALT="$ \cal {F}$"> admits a Liouvillian first integral--a function which can be constructed by the composition of rational functions, exponentiation, integration, and algebraic functions (Singer 1992). For example, if f is an holomorphic function and if theta is real a 1-form on <img ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059img8.gif" ALT="$ \mathbb {R}$">; then the pull-back of theta by f defines a Levi foliation <img ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059img5.gif" ALT="$ \cal {L}$"> : f*theta = 0 which is tangent to the holomorphic foliation <img ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" src="http:/img/fbpe/aabc/v73n1/0059img6.gif" ALT="$ \cal {F}$"> : df = 0. This problem was proposed by D. Cerveau in a meeting (see Fernandez 1997).
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Buryak, A. Y. "Existence of a singular projective variety with an arbitrary set of characteristic numbers." Mathematical Research Letters 17, no. 3 (2010): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/mrl.2010.v17.n3.a2.

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Ott, Dennis, and Raymond Therrien. "Swiping in a variety of Ontario French." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 65, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 52–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cnj.2019.25.

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AbstractThis paper documents the existence of swiping – that is, inversion of a wh-phrase and its associated preposition under sluicing – in a non-Germanic language. We discuss swiping in a variety of Ontario French (Lafontaine French, LFF), which shares some of the characteristics of its extensively-studied English counterpart (Ross 1969, Merchant 2002, among others). We offer a preliminary description of swiping in LFF and consider some implications of these novel facts for the theory of swiping and sluicing. We suggest that LFF swiping supports an analysis in terms of non-constituent deletion, as originally suggested by Ross (1969) in his seminal work on sluicing.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Existence variety"

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Rodgers, James David, and jdr@cgs vic edu au. "On E-Pseudovarieties of Finite Regular Semigroups." RMIT University. Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080808.155720.

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An e-pseudovariety is a class of finite regular semigroups closed under the taking of homomorphic images, regular subsemigroups and finite direct products. Chapter One consists of a survey of those results from algebraic semigroup theory, universal algebra and lattice theory which are used in the following two chapters. In Chapter Two, a theory of generalised existence varieties is developed. A generalised existence variety is a class of regular semigroups closed under the taking of homomorphic images, regular subsemigroups, finite direct products and arbitrary powers. Equivalently, a generalised e-variety is the union of a directed family of existence varieties. It is demonstrated that a class of finite regular semigroups is an e-pseudovariety if and only if the class consists only of the finite members of some generalised existence variety. The relationship between certain lattices of e-pseudovarieties and generalised existence varieties is explored and a usefu l complete surjective lattice homomorphism is found. A study of complete congruences on lattices of existence varieties and e-pseudovarieties forms Chapter Three. In particular it is shown that a certain meet congruence, whose description is relatively simple, can be extended to yield a complete congruence on a lattice of e-pseudovarieties of finite regular semigroups. Ultimately, theorems describing the method of construction of all complete congruences of lattices of e-pseudovarieties whose members are finite E-solid or locally inverse regular semigroups are proved.
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Chargois, François. "Existence de courbes rationnelles dans les variétés de Fano." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10007.

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Dans cette thèse, on donne une démonstration détaillée et complétée d'un important résultat de S. Mori affirmant l'existence de courbes rationnelles dans les varietés de Fano (varietés projectives lisses et connexes sur un corps algébriquement clos dont le fibre anticanonique est ample). Le chapitre 1 étudie le foncteur des s-morphismes d'un s-schéma x dans un s-schéma y prolongeant un s-morphisme donne sur un sous-s-schéma fermé z de x, en particulier sa représentabilité, l'étude infinitésimale puis locale permettant de minorer sa dimension. Le chapitre 2 démontre un théorème d'existence de courbes rationnelles en caractéristique non nulle sous l'hypothèse plus faible que le fibre canonique n'est pas numériquement effectif. Le résultat général en est déduit au chapitre 4 par application notamment des résultats généraux sur les schémas de Jacobson établis au chapitre 3
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Books on the topic "Existence variety"

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Pila, Justine. The Invention and Plant Variety. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199688616.003.0004.

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This chapter seeks to define the terms ‘invention’ and ‘plant variety’ as used by European and UK legal officials particularly. To that end, the nature of the objects identified by the legislature and courts as inventions and plant varieties is considered, as well as the nature of the objects excluded from protection, whether with reference to the requirement for an invention or plant variety or on other statutory grounds. The chapter also considers the law governing patent and plant variety right entitlement, and its implications for legal conceptions of the invention and plant variety. In its conclusion, the legal understandings of inventions and plant varieties are presented as answers to the questions identified in Chapter 3 concerning the categories and essential properties of the subject matter in question, their method of individuation, and the relationship between and method of establishing the existence of each individual subject matter and its tokens.
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Chapdelaine, Pascale. Why User Rights? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754794.003.0008.

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This chapter proposes a theory to justify the existence and scope of copyright user rights. The variety of identities and interests of copyright users, as well as the different means by which users experience copyright works call for a pluralistic theoretical approach to justify the existence and scope of user rights. Starting with the prima facie normative status of all ownership freedoms developed by James W. Harris (Property and Justice) the chapter refers to the instrumental justification of economic efficiency as a base for the existence and scope of user personal property rights in copies of copyright works. The influential instrumentalist justification of copyright to incent the creation and dissemination of works provides a theoretical basis to further define the existence and contours of user rights beyond the instances where users have property rights in copies of copyright works.
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de Cataldo, Mark Andrea, Luca Migliorini Lectures 1–3, and Luca Migliorini. The Hodge Theory of Maps. Edited by Eduardo Cattani, Fouad El Zein, Phillip A. Griffiths, and Lê Dũng Tráng. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691161341.003.0005.

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This chapter summarizes the classical results of Hodge theory concerning algebraic maps. Hodge theory gives nontrivial restrictions on the topology of a nonsingular projective variety, or, more generally, of a compact Kähler manifold: the odd Betti numbers are even, the hard Lefschetz theorem, the formality theorem, stating that the real homotopy type of such a variety is, if simply connected, determined by the cohomology ring. Similarly, Hodge theory gives nontrivial topological constraints on algebraic maps. This chapter focuses on the latter, as it considers how the existence of an algebraic map f : X → Y of complex algebraic varieties is reflected in the topological invariants of X.
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Elledge, C. D. Studying Resurrection Today. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199640416.003.0001.

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This chapter defines the parameters of the concept of resurrection in early Judaism and charts its reception within various literary genres. Within a diverse conceptual environment of attitudes toward death and human existence, resurrection made bold and selective claims about divine agency, the characteristics of embodied life, and the location of human existence within the larger spatial arena of the cosmos. The representation of resurrection in early Jewish literature is increasingly strong across a variety of literary genres and works of regionally diverse origins. The chapter criticizes the myth, however, that it was somehow dominant within early Judaism. Instead, resurrection emerged as a controversial theodicy within a larger conceptual arena in which attitudes toward death and the body became matters of intense dispute among competing scribal circles within the Hellenistic era.
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Bowles, Samuel, and Herbert Gintis. The Evolutionary Basis of Collective Action. Edited by Donald A. Wittman and Barry R. Weingast. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199548477.003.0053.

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This article discusses two problems in the study of political behaviours that support collective action. It reviews recent behavioural experiments documenting the variety and extent of these so called social preferences, as well as the manner in which the existence of individuals — even a minority — can affect group behaviour dramatically. This article shows that repeated interactions and kin-based altruism do not provide an adequate account of the forms of cooperation detected in natural and experimental settings.
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Etinson, Adam, ed. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198713258.003.0001.

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The introduction explains the main thematic preoccupations of the volume, starting principally with the observation that human rights have various “natures” or modes of existence: Human rights (plausibly) exist as moral rights, on the one hand, but also as socially, politically, and legally practised rights, on the other. The introduction uses this observation to pick out some of the sources of the Orthodox–Political debate, and to explain the broader variety of topics covered in the volume itself. The final sections of the introduction offer a comprehensive summary and analysis of the main arguments in the book.
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Bengson, John. The Unity of Understanding. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190469863.003.0002.

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Understanding comes in a variety of forms. This essay argues for the unity of these forms, against the common tendency to view them as fundamentally heteronomous, or disunified. After identifying ten core features of genuine understanding, which enable an argument for the existence of two distinct types of understanding, theoretical and practical, the essay poses a dilemma for theories that view them as disunified. Subsequently, it develops and defends a general account of understanding in terms of conceptions. What unifies diverse forms of understanding, on this account, is a generic cognitive structure—given by the notion of a noetic conception—that is realized in different ways in various cases.
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David, Eric. Internal (Non-International) Armed Conflict. Edited by Andrew Clapham and Paola Gaeta. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199559695.003.0014.

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The law of armed conflict previously applied only to international armed conflicts. Today, internal armed conflicts are regulated by Article 3 common to the four Geneva Conventions of 1949, along with an increasing number of provisions. The second Additional Protocol of 1977 (AP II) to the 1949 GC contains 18 substantive provisions devoted entirely to non-international armed conflicts (NIACs). This chapter discusses the variety and complexity of international humanitarian law rules applicable to NIACs and the criteria used for identifying the existence of a NIAC. It considers how the nature of hostilities and the quality of the actors are used as defining criteria to distinguish an armed conflict from banditry, terrorism, and short rebellions.
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de Melo-Martín, Inmaculada, and Kristen Intemann. Dealing with Normatively Inappropriate Dissent. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190869229.003.0006.

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This chapter considers whether the reliable identification of normatively inappropriate dissent (NID) would be helpful in addressing many of the adverse epistemic and social impacts that can result from it. It considers a variety of ways in which such identification could be used to minimize the epistemic and social damages that NID can inflict, including prohibiting the dissent in question, targeting it for special scrutiny, placing limits on scientists’ epistemic obligations, guiding public beliefs, emphasizing the existence of a consensus, and discrediting dissenters. It shows that although some of these strategies could be useful, others are unhelpful in limiting the negative impacts of NID, and may even exacerbate them or generate other equally serious problems.
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Zimmermann, Eva. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747321.003.0001.

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The phenomenon of Morphological Length-Manipulation is introduced and defined and it is discussed why an investigation of this phenomenon is challenging and interesting for both morphological and phonological theory. For example, the existence of subtractive MLM—instances where the shortening or deletion of segments marks a morpheme—is the most obvious challenge that MLM poses for any theory of morphology that wants to maintain the theorem that morphology is additive. The chapter defines the empirical scope of this book and discusses why, for example, reduplication is disregarded for most parts and only morphological changes that add or subtract segmental length or segments are taken into account. The variety of attested MLM patterns is then illustrated with a range of examples.
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Book chapters on the topic "Existence variety"

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Salmon, Laura. "Melancholic Humor, Skepticism and Reflective Nostalgia. Igor’ Guberman’s Poetics of Paradox." In Biblioteca di Studi Slavistici, 107–47. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-822-4.06.

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The poetry of Israeli émigré Igor' Guberman, comprising thousands of quatrains (‘gariki’), represents a hybrid genre at the junction of Jewish aphoristic tradition, Russian oral folklore, and classical Russian poetry. The theme of toska, which is central to the gariki, may be sharply distinguished from the ‘restorative nostalgia’ theorized by Svetlana Boym (2001): Guberman's toska is a thoughtful, melancholic, and paradoxical feeling. It expresses a particular variety of skepticism that characterizes the paradoxical humor of the Ashkenazi, the purpose of which is not to ridicule others' shortcomings, but to gently make fun of the sadness and painful absurdity that impermeates human existence. Such melancholic and paradoxical humor permits Guberman to look at life, at himself, even at God, with an indulgent ‘smile of reason’ that is absolutely devoid of arrogance. A subtle melancholic and deep skeptic, Guberman "laughs through his tears", for this is what Russian-Jewish tradition teaches, a lesson that has penetrated deeply and more generally into Russian literature: when the soul is beset by excessive sadness, its has recourse only to laughter.
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Novak, Judit. "On Realizing the World-Class University: Litigation and the State." In Evaluating Education: Normative Systems and Institutional Practices, 93–106. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7598-3_7.

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AbstractThis chapter examines Dickinson v. Mälardalen University as an empirical manifestation of state action for creating and maintaining world-class universities (WCUs). It advances the argument that while litigation has long been assumed to play a far more limited role in higher education (HE) than it does in other areas of public policy, this element of governing fuels a different form of state building, in which courts and judges—sometimes from even the mere existence or threat of their intervention—can play a crucial role in WCU development. At the same time, we need to ask a variety of questions about the outcomes of lawsuits and their effects on HE. Does litigation have the effect of realizing the WCU, or does it not matter at all whether policy goals are pressed in courts or through legislation and professional choices? If it does matter, how and why? This chapter argues that a turn to the courts and a reliance on more formal, less malleable rules is not merely an alternative route to the same goal; litigation matters because law is different, because judicial decision-making shapes and constrains HE politics and policy in important ways.
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Miningou, Amos, Appolinaire S. Traoré, Essegbemon Akpo, Issoufou Kapran, Bertin M. Zagré, Gabriel A. Diasso, Yamba Kienthéga, and Apolinaire Zoungrana. "An Analysis of Groundnut Innovation Platform Achievements in Brokering Improved Varieties to Communities in TL III Project in Burkina Faso." In Enhancing Smallholder Farmers' Access to Seed of Improved Legume Varieties Through Multi-stakeholder Platforms, 31–49. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8014-7_3.

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AbstractAccess to seeds of improved groundnut varieties is the most critical problem of farmers in Burkina Faso. Firstly, majority do not know the existence of improved varieties and secondly the price is not affordable to them. Based on the above, the INERA groundnut breeders’ team established four innovation platforms on groundnut in the Region of Centre-East, Region of Centre-North, Region of Centre-West and Region de la Boucle of Mouhoun. Through these platforms, Quality Declared Seeds (QDS) were produced for the first time in Burkina Faso in 2016 with support from the Tropical Legumes phase III (TL III) project. Since then, QDS and certified seeds are produced and sold to the local communities at affordable small packs in order to make improved seeds accessible to the poor farmers. So far about 10,000 persons have been reached with small packs. Farmers, agricultural extension and NGO staff have been trained in groundnut seed production, demonstrations, field days and Farmer Participatory Variety Selection (FPVS) to promote the improved varieties and the best agronomic practices. Farmers’ yields increased from 500–700 kg/ha to 1200–1500 kg/ha increasing women and youth incomes from 200 USD to 800 USD/year only for those who grow groundnut during the rainy season. Those who grow during rainy and off-seasons their incomes can reach 1200–1500 USD. Links with financial institutions have facilitated access to credit for these farmers. In the future, the Platform sustainability will be assured through members’ annual financial contributions and strong production contracts among traders, processors and farmers.
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Lai, Wallace Wai-Lok. "Underground Utilities Imaging and Diagnosis." In Urban Informatics, 415–38. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_24.

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AbstractThe invisible and congested world of underground utilities (UU) is an indispensable mystery to the general public because their existence is invisible until problems happen. Their growth aligns with the continuous development of cities and the ever-increasing demand for energy and quality of life. To satisfy a variety of modern requirements like emergency or routine repair, safe dig and excavation, monitoring, maintenance, and upscaling of the network, two basic tasks are always required. They are mapping and imaging (where?), and diagnosis (how healthy?). This chapter gives a review of the current state of the art of these two core topics, and their levels of expected survey accuracy, and looks forward to future trends of research and development (Sects. 24.1 and 24.2). From the point of view of physics, a large range of survey technologies is central to imaging and diagnosis, having originated from electromagnetic- and acoustic-based near-surface geophysical and nondestructive testing methods. To date, survey technologies have been further extended by multi-disciplinary task forces in various disciplines (Sect. 24.3). First, it involves sending and retrieving mechanical robots to survey the internal confined spaces of utilities using careful system control and seamless communication electronics. Secondly, the captured data and signals of various kinds are positioned, processed, and in the future, pattern-recognized with a database to robustly trace the location and diagnose the conditions of any particular type of utilities. Thirdly, such a pattern-recognized database of various types of defects can be regarded as a learning process through repeated validation in the laboratory, simulation, and ground-truthing in the field. This chapter is concluded by briefly introducing the human-factor or psychological and cognitive biases, which are in most cases neglected in any imaging and diagnostic work (Sect. 24.4). In short, the very challenging nature and large demand for utility imaging and diagnostics have been gradually evolving from the traditional visual inspection to a new era of multi-disciplinary surveying and engineering professions and even towards the psychological part of human–machine interaction.
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Noordhof, Paul. "Humean Supervenience and the Possibility of Necessitation." In A Variety of Causes, 41–74. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199251469.003.0002.

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We have experiences of causation and, in specific circumstances, may well have experiences of necessary connection, although our experience mischaracterizes it. An analysis of our cognitive grasp of necessary connection explains how counterfactuals successfully capture the intimate connection we take to be present between cause and effect that, when there is no necessitation, may be lacking. The notion of necessary connection between distinct existences is coherent and, according to the most plausible ways of understanding (wholly) distinct existence, cannot be ruled out. Different metaphysical categories involve different notions of distinct existence, characterized spatially or in terms of distinct arrangements. The notion should not be characterized modally.
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Haesemeyer, Christian, and Charles A. Weibel. "Existence of Norm Varieties." In The Norm Residue Theorem in Motivic Cohomology, 144–57. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691191041.003.0010.

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This chapter constructs norm varieties for symbols ª = {𝑎1, ...,𝑎𝑛} over a field 𝑘 of characteristic 0, and starts the proof that norm varieties are Rost varieties. It first recalls the definition of a norm variety for a symbol ª in 𝐾𝑀 𝑛(𝑘)/𝓁; if 𝑛 ≥ 2 and 𝑘 is 𝓁-special, norm varieties are geometrically irreducible. Next, the chapter uses the Chain Lemma to produce a specific ν‎ n−1-variety ℙ(𝒜), and a pencil Q of splitting varieties over 𝔸1—{0} whose fibers 𝑄𝑊 are fixed point equivalent to ℙ (𝒜). Using a bordism result, this chapter shows that any equivariant resolution 𝑄(ª) of 𝑄𝑊 is a ν‎ n−1-variety. Next, one of Rost's degree formulas is used to show that any norm variety for ª is ν‎ n−1 because 𝑄(ª) is. Finally, a norm variety for ª is constructed by induction on 𝑛, making use of the global inductive assumption that BL(n − 1) holds.
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Noordhof, Paul. "Negative Causation and the Relationality of Causation." In A Variety of Causes, 225–44. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199251469.003.0008.

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Negative causation and dispositions as mutual manifestation partners don’t threaten the relationality of causation. Separating the supervenience of truth on being from explanation and the distinctive relevance of truth-makers enables us to avoid arguments from parsimony against positive causal surrogates drawing upon the idea of truth-maker necessitation. If truth-maker necessitation were the proper characterization of how to explain the truth of all statements, and negative causal statements in particular, then a fact of totality, or the essentiality of properties of the world, would be the most parsimonious explanation of their truth albeit at the expense of identifying something that conveys their distinctive subject matter. Within the recommended framework, the existence of true negative causal statements provided motivation for recognizing the existence of positive causal surrogates as part of the explanation of their truth. The truth of negative causal statements is the basis for an argument against the truth-making picture.
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Haesemeyer, Christian, and Charles A. Weibel. "Existence of Rost Motives." In The Norm Residue Theorem in Motivic Cohomology, 65–75. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691191041.003.0005.

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This chapter fixes a Rost variety 𝑋 for a sequence. It constructs a Rost motive 𝑀 = (𝑋, 𝑒) with coefficients ℤ(𝓁) under the inductive assumption that BL(n − 1) holds and discusses three important axioms. It introduces a candidate for the Rost motive and demonstrates how a motive satisfies two axioms. To further aid in the proof, the chapter argues that End(𝑀) is a local ring and then verifies an axiom proving that 𝑀 is a Rost motive whenever 𝑋 is a Rost variety. Finally, the chapter considers the historical background behind these equations. It reveals the eponymous Rost motive and considers Voevodsky's own construction of the Rost motive.
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Haesemeyer, Christian, and Charles A. Weibel. "Existence of Rost Varieties." In The Norm Residue Theorem in Motivic Cohomology, 158–72. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691191041.003.0011.

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This chapter proves that the norm varieties constructed in the previous chapter are indeed Rost varieties. In other words, it proves that Rost varieties exist. In doing so, the chapter also proves the Norm Principle, which is a theorem that supposes that 𝑘 is an 𝓁-special field of characteristic 0, and that 𝑋 is a norm variety for some nontrivial symbol ª. Then each element of ̅𝐻−1, −1(𝑋) is a Kummer element. In preparation for the proof of the Norm Principle, this chapter develops some basic facts about elements of ̅𝐻−1, −1(𝑋) supported on points 𝑥 with 𝑘(𝑥) : 𝑘=𝓁.
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Westerhoff, Jan. "The Non-existence of Foundational Truths." In The Non-Existence of the Real World, 246–308. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198847915.003.0004.

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This chapter discusses problems that arise from the assumption that there is a final, ultimately true theory of the world and considers a variety of arguments (connected with the coherence theory of truth, semantic contextualism, and the denial of absolutely general quantification) against it. From this it follows that if there cannot be an ultimately true theory then it also cannot be ultimately true that the world has a non-wellfounded structure. This leaves us with a problem, for it appears as if the theory of the non-existence of the real world we defend in the book as a whole cannot be a final theory either. The chapter closes with a discussion of this final problem, together with some reflections on what the implications of the denial of ultimately true theories are for the ontological or philosophical enterprise more generally.
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Conference papers on the topic "Existence variety"

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MOGHADDAM, MOHAMMAD REZA R., and ALI REZA SALEMKAR. "GENERALIZED SCHREIER VARIETY AND A CRITERION FOR NON-EXISTENCE OF COVERING GROUPS." In Proceedings of the ICM Satellite Conference in Algebra and Related Topics. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812705808_0014.

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Mansor, Nor Shahila. "Linguistic Variety in Local Commercial Discourse." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.16-6.

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This study aimed to reveal the linguistic variety incorporated into local commercial discourse in Malaysia. The focus of this study is to determined how the linguistic variety is used in local fashion articles as a marketing strategy to attract the target consumers. This was a qualitative descriptive study. A total of 60 titles of the commercial articles published in 3 famous local fashion magazines namely Remaja (Youth), Keluarga (Family) and Nona (Woman) were gathered to examine the use of the linguistic variety. The findings show a high usage of English in Malay advertisements, the use of syllabic shortening or ‘clipping,’ and the existence of semantic innovation or new word influences from other languages.
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Мякшин, Кирилл Александрович. "MEDIA TEXT AS A BASIC CATEGORY OF MEDIA LINGUISTICS: PROBLEMS OF IDENTIFICATION, DELIMITATION, AND TYPOLOGY." In Высокие технологии и инновации в науке: сборник избранных статей Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Январь 2021). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/vt189.2021.43.25.011.

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Статья посвящена исследованию медиатекста в контексте многообразия научных подходов. Определены основные концепты, в которых себя представляет феномен данного текста. Предпринята попытка определить основные контексты существования медиатекстов, что позволяет выделить социально-культурное поле бытия медиатекста, установить его социально-историческую обусловленность. Рассмотрена типология указанного вида текста. The article deals with the study of media text in the context of a variety of scientific approaches. The main concepts in which the phenomenon of this text represents itself are defined. An attempt is made to determine the primary contexts of the existence of media texts, which allows identifying the socio-cultural field of the existence of the media text, establishing its socio-historical conditionality. The typology of this type of text is considered.
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Rosenberg, R. C., and T. Zhou. "Power-Based Simplification of Dynamic System Models." In ASME 1988 Design Technology Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1988-0062.

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Abstract Simplification of system models is done in a variety of ways. A new approach based on measures of power interaction within a system graph model is presented in this paper. The method can detect the existence and location of weak coupling in both linear and nonlinear systems. Weak coupling may be exploited by partitioning the system into subsystems or by eliminating unimportant effects. Both types of simplification typically lead to reduced computational loads and greater model insight.
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Owens, Benjamin A. M., Samuel C. Stanton, and Brian P. Mann. "Analysis of the Bistable Piezoelectric Inertial Generator by the Harmonic Balance Method." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85965.

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This paper analytically predicts the existence, stability, and changes due to parameter variations on the different oscillations of a bistable piezoelectric generator. Existing work on this type of system has assumed linear piezoelectric behavior and linear damping and has been confined to numerical studies and experimental explorations. This paper improves upon the previous work by incorporating nonlinear dissipation and cubic softening influences in the electroelastic laminates prior to analytical analysis. This analysis provides a framework for theoretical prediction of a variety of empirical observations including potential well escape and optimum impedance loading.
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Blackmore, Denis, Arnaud Goullet, and Morten Bro̸ns. "Two-Vortex Models for Vortex Breakdown." In ASME 2008 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2008-2291.

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A simple Hamiltonian dynamical systems model for vortex breakdown of the bubble-type (B-type) is developed and analyzed. This model is constructed using the flow induced by two point vortices moving in a half-plane immersed in an ideal (= inviscid and incompressible) fluid with an ambient uniform horizontal velocity. It is shown — using a combination of modern dynamical systems theory and numerical analysis — that the flows generated by this model capture most of the dynamical features exhibited in B-type vortex breakdown, including the existence of chaotic regimes. Examples are provided to illustrate the variety and complexity of vortex breakdown type flows that can be produced with these models.
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Aureli, Matteo, and Maurizio Porfiri. "A Model of Self-Propelled Particles Coordinating Under External Leadership." In ASME 2011 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference and Bath/ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2011-6053.

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In this paper, we investigate the emergence of organization patterns in a group of self-propelled particles in the presence of a mobile external leader particle. Particle-to-particle interactions and particle-to-leader interactions are described through biologically-relevant pairwise potentials. Simulation results in two dimensions reveal the existence of a variety of long run particle aggregation states, including highly polarized tracking of the leader and coherent milling about it. Transition between aggregation states is triggered by the interplay of particle energy, group size, interaction strength, and leader mobility. These findings provide insights in the structure and organization of biological groups under the influence of external aggregation devices, environmental stimuli, or trained individuals taking the lead.
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Ramaswamy, Vasu, and Vadim Shapiro. "Combinatorial Laws for Physically Meaningful Design." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/dtm-48654.

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A typical computer representation of a design includes geometric and physical information organized in a suitable combinatorial data structure. Queries and transformations of these design representations are used to formulate most algorithms in computational design, including analysis, optimization, evolution, generation, and synthesis. Formal properties, and in particular existence and validity of the computed solutions, must be assured and preserved by all such algorithms. Using tools from algebraic topology, we show that a small set of the usual combinatorial operators: boundary (∂), coboundary (δ), and dualization (*) — are sufficient to represent a variety of physical laws and invariants. Specific examples include geometric integrity, balance and equilibrium, and surface smoothing. Our findings point a way toward systematic development of data structures and algorithms for design in a common formal computational framework.
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Cooney, Alanna Y., and Van P. Carey. "Modeling Nanobubble Interactions and Behavior Using Multiphase Lattice Boltzman Methods." In ASME 2020 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2020 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting and the ASME 2020 18th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2020-9051.

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Abstract A multiphase lattice Boltzmann model is used to explore the presence, evolution, and behavior of nanobubbles. The existence and behavior of nanobubbles has been a recent area of interest since the presence of nanobubbles challenges classical nucleation theory which dictates that bubbles below the critical radius should collapse. Nanobubbles have many areas of interest including cleaning of surfaces, nucleate boiling in microchannels, and nucleation on nanostructured materials. Multiphase Lattice Boltzmann methods (LBM) have been demonstrated to be an effective mesoscale approach to modeling multiphase flows and phase-change processes. These methods provide accurate macroscopic results while accounting for microscopic interactions without invoking an extraordinary computational cost. In this study, an LBM is used to model the evolution of nanobubbles with diameters ranging from 5 to 50 nanometers. LBM results are provided for a variety of real physical conditions that are of interest for exploring nanobubble existence within a nanoporous layer. In addition to the single nanobubble analysis, the effects of bubble interaction with smooth surfaces and within nanostructured surfaces are also presented. The results show that the hydrophilic nature of the surfaces is likely the cause of suppression in the onset of nucleate boiling which is often seen in hydrophilic nanoporous layers. The implications of these results on heat transfer applications including multiphase flows and nucleate boiling in roughened nanostructured surfaces are discussed.
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Cieslewska, Anna. "Tradition and Poverty Reduction – Mahalla and its Significance in Development Process in Tajikistan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c01.00200.

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Significance of mahalla as informal social, self-governing institution has increased due to a variety of factors related to the post-transitional changes in Tajikistan. The phenomenon of existence of informal self-government bodies has not been only exclusive to Central Asia or Tajikistan. However, in a case of Central Asia, those institutions have always played significant role in maintaining social order and frequently they are more legitimized in the eyes of local residents than the formally established self-government. Recently, the government of Tajikistan has attempted to incorporate the elements of (indigenous) self-governmental institutions into the formal self-government’s structures. Also, international organizations try to integrate mahalla as important element which would facilitate development’s process. Identification of potential of this old institution could become a good base for poverty reduction and social programs.
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