Journal articles on the topic 'Exhibit learning'

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1

Sharon, Tanya. "Learning Times Two." Teaching of Psychology 39, no. 1 (December 28, 2011): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0098628311430644.

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This article describes an innovative lab course in which students designed and constructed five developmentally (and locally) appropriate museum exhibits around the theme “Healthy Living.” They installed these at a local children’s museum, designed a pretest/posttest to assess children’s learning from the exhibit, conducted children through the exhibit and the assessment, analyzed the data, and wrote up their results: The exhibits were effective in increasing children’s knowledge. A content analysis of essays by the student researchers, reflecting on what they had learned from the project, revealed learning at multiple levels, from content knowledge to increased self-understanding, perspective taking, and sense of efficacy, and further suggests that students would enjoy and strongly benefit from similar projects. Lessons and suggestions for future undertakings are offered.
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Macrì, Simone, Mert Karakaya, Chiara Spinello, and Maurizio Porfiri. "Zebrafish exhibit associative learning for an aversive robotic stimulus." Lab Animal 49, no. 9 (August 10, 2020): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41684-020-0599-9.

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Jorion, Natalie, Jessica Roberts, Alex Bowers, Mike Tissenbaum, Leilah Lyons, Vishesh Kumar, and Matthew Berland. "Uncovering Patterns in Constructionist Collaborative Learning Activities via Cluster Analysis of Museum Exhibit Log Files." Frontline Learning Research 8, no. 6 (November 4, 2020): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14786/flr.v8i6.597.

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A driving factor in designing interactive museum exhibits to support simultaneous users is that visitors learn from one another, via both observation and conversation. Such collaborative interactions among museum-goers are typically analyzed through manual coding of live- or video-recorded exhibit use. We sought to determine how log data from an interactive multi-user exhibit could indicate patterns in visitor interactions that could shed light on informal collaborative constructivist learning. We characterized patterns from log data generated by an interactive tangible tabletop exhibit using factors like "pace of activity" and the timing of “success events." Here we describe processes for parsing and visualizing log data and explore what these processes revealed about individual and group interactions with interactive museum exhibits. Using clustering techniques to categorize museum-goer behavior and heat maps to visualize patterns in the log data, we found that there were distinct trends in how users approached solving the exhibit: some players seemed more reflective while others seemed more achievement oriented. We also found that the most productive sessions occurred when all four areas of the table were occupied, suggesting that the activity design had a desired outcome to promote collaborative activity.
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Koriat, Asher, Limor Sheffer, and Hilit Ma'ayan. "Comparing objective and subjective learning curves: Judgments of learning exhibit increased underconfidence with practice." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 131, no. 2 (2002): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.131.2.147.

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Moskalyk, M., R. Ohle, A. Henson, S. McIsaac, C. Barriault, B. Doran, and N. Martin. "MP25: Assessing the learning impact of the Northern City of Heroes public exhibit on bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation response." CJEM 22, S1 (May 2020): S51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2020.173.

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Innovation Concept: In Sudbury, ON 44% of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients receive bystander CPR (bCPR), and only 4.7% survive cardiac arrest. The Northern City of Heroes (NCH) community initiative was launched in April 2019 with a goal of improving survival from OHCA through hands-only bCPR in the municipality. One NCH initiative is an interactive exhibit at Science North, a science centre in Sudbury that hosts 250,000 visitors annually. The exhibit employs simulation trainers for CPR, accompanying signage and interactive elements. The goals of the exhibit are to activate bCPR, change and measure behaviours through exhibit interactions on how to deliver excellent CPR, and improve survival rates in OHCA patients. Methods: Data is being collected from 3000 visitors using self-reported surveying via SurveyGizmo to assess likelihood of performing bCPR, pre and post interacting with the exhibit. Visitor behaviour will be examined at the exhibit using video-recorded interactions and coding those behaviours using BORIS software. Behavioural data will be analyzed using the Visitor Engagement Framework (VEF) where initiation, transition and breakthrough learning-behaviours are coded and an exhibit Visitor Engagement Profile (VEP) is created. The VEF and VEP are tools used in informal learning settings to assess exhibit impacts on learning. Curriculum, Tool, or Material: The use of an easily-apprehendable, hands-on exhibit tool located in a public setting, such as a science centre, creates a platform for engaging large and diverse public audiences. This type of bCPR exhibitry has not been implemented in other similar environments. The informal learning setting allows the science centre staff to engage in personalized interactions that can solidify the quality of learning and confidence in employing the new skills developed. Conclusion: The NCH exhibit and new strategies for embedding informal curriculum are powerful tools to reach diverse audiences, build knowledge and skills, and have a measurable impact on bCPR and OHCA survival rates. Data is being captured and tracked by Health Sciences North around the City of Greater Sudbury's bCPR and OHCA survival rates to monitor long-term impacts of the NCH community initiatives. Limitations of the study may be found in the focused demographics as well as the nature of self-reported learning. Future research directions include broader geographical surveying to assess improvements in community response to OHCA as a direct result of an interactive bCPR exhibitry.
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ESTIS, JULIE M., and BRENDA L. BEVERLY. "Children with SLI exhibit delays resolving ambiguous reference." Journal of Child Language 42, no. 1 (February 20, 2014): 180–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000914000038.

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ABSTRACTFast mapping weaknesses in children with specific language impairment (SLI) may be explained by differences in disambiguation, mapping an unknown word to an unnamed object. The impact of language ability and linguistic stimulus on disambiguation was investigated. Sixteen children with SLI (8 preschool, 8 school-age) and sixteen typically developing age-matched children selected referents given familiar and unfamiliar object pairs in three ambiguous conditions: phonologically distinct word (PD), phonologically similar word (PS), no word (NW). Preschoolers with SLI did not disambiguate, unlike typically developing age-matched participants, who consistently selected unfamiliar objects given PD. School-age children with SLI disambiguated given PD. Delays in disambiguation for young children with SLI suggest limitations in processes that facilitate word learning for typically developing children. School-age children with SLI consistently selected familiar objects for PS, unlike typically developing children, suggesting differences in phonological activation for word learning.
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Iliadi, Konstantin G., Natalia Iliadi, and Gabrielle L. Boulianne. "Drosophila mutants lacking octopamine exhibit impairment in aversive olfactory associative learning." European Journal of Neuroscience 46, no. 5 (August 18, 2017): 2080–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejn.13654.

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FALK, JOHN H. "Assessing the Impact of Exhibit Arrangement on Visitor Behavior and Learning." Curator: The Museum Journal 36, no. 2 (June 1993): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2151-6952.1993.tb00786.x.

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Sturman, David A., Daniel R. Mandell, and Bita Moghaddam. "Adolescents exhibit behavioral differences from adults during instrumental learning and extinction." Behavioral Neuroscience 124, no. 1 (2010): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0018463.

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Wolff, M., M. Savova, G. Malleret, R. Hen, L. Segu, and M. C. Buhot. "Serotonin 1B knockout mice exhibit a task-dependent selective learning facilitation." Neuroscience Letters 338, no. 1 (February 2003): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3940(02)01339-3.

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Ogiwara, Ikuo, Susumu Ito, Kazuyuki Yamada, and Kazuhiro Yamakawa. "Scn1a mice exhibit hyperactivity, autism-like behavioral deficits and learning impairments." Neuroscience Research 68 (January 2010): e204-e205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2010.07.2477.

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Partin, Alexander C., Matthew P. Hosek, Jonathan A. Luong, Srihari K. Lella, Sachein A. R. Sharma, and Jonathan E. Ploski. "Amygdala nuclei critical for emotional learning exhibit unique gene expression patterns." Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 104 (September 2013): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2013.06.015.

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Abeliovich, Asa, Richard Paylor, Chong Chen, Jeansok J. Kim, Jeanne M. Wehner, and Susumu Tonegawa. "PKCγ mutant mice exhibit mild deficits in spatial and contextual learning." Cell 75, no. 7 (December 1993): 1263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(93)90614-v.

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Fokas, Athanassios S., Nikolaos Dikaios, Sotirios Tsiodras, and George A. Kastis. "Simple Formulae, Deep Learning and Elaborate Modelling for the COVID-19 Pandemic." Encyclopedia 2, no. 2 (April 6, 2022): 679–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2020047.

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Predictive modelling of infectious diseases is very important in planning public health policies, particularly during outbreaks. This work reviews the forecasting and mechanistic models published earlier. It is emphasized that researchers’ forecasting models exhibit, for large t, algebraic behavior, as opposed to the exponential behavior of the classical logistic-type models used usually in epidemics. Remarkably, a newly introduced mechanistic model also exhibits, for large t, algebraic behavior in contrast to the usual Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed (SEIR) models, which exhibit exponential behavior. The unexpected success of researchers’ simple forecasting models provides a strong support for the validity of this novel mechanistic model. It is also shown that the mathematical tools used for the analysis of the first wave may also be useful for the analysis of subsequent waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Ju, Jeongwoo, Heechul Jung, and Junmo Kim. "Extending Contrastive Learning to Unsupervised Redundancy Identification." Applied Sciences 12, no. 4 (February 20, 2022): 2201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12042201.

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Modern deep neural network (DNN)-based approaches have delivered great performance for computer vision tasks; however, they require a massive annotation cost due to their data-hungry nature. Hence, given a fixed budget and unlabeled examples, improving the quality of examples to be annotated is a clever step to obtain good generalization of DNN. One of key issues that could hurt the quality of examples is the presence of redundancy, in which the most examples exhibit similar visual context (e.g., same background). Redundant examples barely contribute to the performance but rather require additional annotation cost. Hence, prior to the annotation process, identifying redundancy is a key step to avoid unnecessary cost. In this work, we proved that the coreset score based on cosine similarity (cossim) is effective for identifying redundant examples. This is because the collective magnitude of the gradient over redundant examples exhibits a large value compared to the others. As a result, contrastive learning first attempts to reduce the loss of redundancy. Consequently, cossim for the redundancy set exhibited a high value (low coreset score). We first viewed the redundancy identification as the gradient magnitude. In this way, we effectively removed redundant examples from two datasets (KITTI, BDD10K), resulting in a better performance in terms of detection and semantic segmentation.
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Roiser, J. P., K. E. Stephan, H. E. M. den Ouden, T. R. E. Barnes, K. J. Friston, and E. M. Joyce. "Do patients with schizophrenia exhibit aberrant salience?" Psychological Medicine 39, no. 2 (June 30, 2008): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291708003863.

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BackgroundIt has been suggested that some psychotic symptoms reflect ‘aberrant salience’, related to dysfunctional reward learning. To test this hypothesis we investigated whether patients with schizophrenia showed impaired learning of task-relevant stimulus–reinforcement associations in the presence of distracting task-irrelevant cues.MethodWe tested 20 medicated patients with schizophrenia and 17 controls on a reaction time game, the Salience Attribution Test. In this game, participants made a speeded response to earn money in the presence of conditioned stimuli (CSs). Each CS comprised two visual dimensions, colour and form. Probability of reinforcement varied over one of these dimensions (task-relevant), but not the other (task-irrelevant). Measures of adaptive and aberrant motivational salience were calculated on the basis of latency and subjective reinforcement probability rating differences over the task-relevant and task-irrelevant dimensions respectively.ResultsParticipants rated reinforcement significantly more likely and responded significantly faster on high-probability-reinforced relative to low-probability-reinforced trials, representing adaptive motivational salience. Patients exhibited reduced adaptive salience relative to controls, but the two groups did not differ in terms of aberrant salience. Patients with delusions exhibited significantly greater aberrant salience than those without delusions, and aberrant salience also correlated with negative symptoms. In the controls, aberrant salience correlated significantly with ‘introvertive anhedonia’ schizotypy.ConclusionsThese data support the hypothesis that aberrant salience is related to the presence of delusions in medicated patients with schizophrenia, but are also suggestive of a link with negative symptoms. The relationship between aberrant salience and psychotic symptoms warrants further investigation in unmedicated patients.
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Sharifi, AmirAli, Richard Zhao, and Duane Szafron. "Learning Companion Behaviors Using Reinforcement Learning in Games." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 6, no. 1 (October 10, 2010): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v6i1.12392.

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Our goal is to enable Non Player Characters (NPC) in computer games to exhibit natural behaviors. The quality of behaviors affects the game experience especially in story-based games, which rely on player-NPC interactions. We used Reinforcement Learning to enable NPC companions to develop preferences for actions. We implemented our RL technique in BioWare Corp.’s Neverwinter Nights. Our experiments evaluate an NPC companion’s behaviors regarding traps. Our method enables NPCs to rapidly learn reasonable behaviors and adapt to changes in the game.
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King, Bradley R., Anke Van Roy, Ainsley Temudo, Kaitlyn Dwenger, Mareike A. Gann, and Genevieve Albouy. "Does the hippocampus exhibit offline reactivation of neural activity following motor sequence learning?" Brazilian Journal of Motor Behavior 16, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 206–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20338/bjmb.v16i3.297.

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Memory consolidation in the declarative memory domain is known to be supported by the replay or reactivation of learning-related hippocampal activity during subsequent offline epochs (i.e., during post-encoding rest). Examinations into an analogous hippocampal reactivation process following motor learning have, until recently, been non-existent. This gap in the literature has been fueled by the traditional – yet outdated - view that the hippocampus is not involved in motor learning. Here, we discuss recent research in the motor memory domain that provides evidence in support of hippocampal reactivation following motor sequence learning. We conclude by highlighting several areas that warrant examination in future research, including experimentally manipulating post-learning hippocampal reactivation in an effort to enhance the motor memory consolidation process.
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Bechelli, Solene, and Jerome Delhommelle. "Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms for Skin Cancer Classification from Dermoscopic Images." Bioengineering 9, no. 3 (February 27, 2022): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9030097.

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We carry out a critical assessment of machine learning and deep learning models for the classification of skin tumors. Machine learning (ML) algorithms tested in this work include logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis, k-nearest neighbors classifier, decision tree classifier and Gaussian naive Bayes, while deep learning (DL) models employed are either based on a custom Convolutional Neural Network model, or leverage transfer learning via the use of pre-trained models (VGG16, Xception and ResNet50). We find that DL models, with accuracies up to 0.88, all outperform ML models. ML models exhibit accuracies below 0.72, which can be increased to up to 0.75 with ensemble learning. To further assess the performance of DL models, we test them on a larger and more imbalanced dataset. Metrics, such as the F-score and accuracy, indicate that, after fine-tuning, pre-trained models perform extremely well for skin tumor classification. This is most notably the case for VGG16, which exhibits an F-score of 0.88 and an accuracy of 0.88 on the smaller database, and metrics of 0.70 and 0.88, respectively, on the larger database.
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Stoddard, Jeremy, Alan Marcus, Kurt Squire, and John Martin. "Learning Local Immigration History In and Out of the Museum." Museum and Society 13, no. 2 (March 1, 2015): 123–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/mas.v13i2.322.

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In this article we utilize three case studies from the US as models for structuring historical inquiry in museum education programs focused on local immigration history. We focus on how models of practice from museums can be utilized as part of authentic history education pedagogy – in particular conducting historical inquiry with archival material and creating engaging exhibits. The three cases we draw from are the Tenement Museum (New York City), the Open House exhibit at the Minnesota History Center (St Paul, Minnesota), and a middle grades project in the Greenbush neighborhood (Madison, Wisconsin).
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Phamduy, Paul, Mary Leou, Catherine Milne, and Maurizio Porfiri. "An Interactive Robotic Fish Exhibit for Designed Settings in Informal Science Learning." IEEE Transactions on Education 60, no. 4 (November 2017): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/te.2017.2695173.

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Block, F., M. S. Horn, B. C. Phillips, J. Diamond, E. M. Evans, and Chia Shen. "The DeepTree Exhibit: Visualizing the Tree of Life to Facilitate Informal Learning." IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 18, no. 12 (December 2012): 2789–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2012.272.

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Gutwill, Joshua P., and Toni Dancstep (née Dancu). "Boosting Metacognition in Science Museums: Simple Exhibit Label Designs to Enhance Learning." Visitor Studies 20, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): 72–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10645578.2017.1297132.

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Ezell, Helen K., and Howard Goldstein. "Observational Learning of Comprehension Monitoring Skills in Children Who Exhibit Mental Retardation." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 34, no. 1 (February 1991): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3401.141.

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An observational learning paradigm was used to instruct 5 children with mild or moderate mental retardation to monitor their comprehension of inadequate instructions. Instructions were inadequate because of an interfering signal, an unfamiliar word, excessive length, or an unfamiliar idiomatic phrase. Subjects’ peers served as models during the training. A multiple baseline design across subjects and across instruction types was employed. All subjects learned to request clarification of the first three inadequate instructions; however, none of the children learned to request clarification of idiomatic phrases. Although all children eventually demonstrated observational learning, three children required feedback from the trainer before they began to request clarification for one or two of the instruction types. Two children generalized their requesting behavior to the interfering signal message type, suggesting that generalization may be likely to occur between similar message types. During posttesting all children generalized their requesting behavior when presented with two unfamiliar message types, sometimes using new question forms. Four of the 5 children also generalized their requesting behavior in sessions with their teachers 5–10 weeks later.
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ISHIGURO, Akio. "Toward Artifacts That Exhibit Graceful Performance Degradation(Learning Life as a System)." Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 109, no. 1049 (2006): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.109.1049_281.

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Dunbar, C. C., R. A. Chesler, R. A. Stein, and M. I. Kalinski. "ELDERLY WOMEN EXHIBIT A UNIQUE LEARNING CURVE FOR RPE BASED EXERCISE PRESCRIPTIONS." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 27, Supplement (May 1995): S64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199505001-00356.

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Howes, Satoris S., Edgar E. Kausel, Alexander T. Jackson, and Jochen Reb. "When and Why Narcissists Exhibit Greater Hindsight Bias and Less Perceived Learning." Journal of Management 46, no. 8 (June 4, 2020): 1498–528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206320929421.

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The present research sought to examine the impact of narcissism, prediction accuracy, and should counterfactual thinking—which includes thoughts such as “I should have done something different”—on hindsight bias (the tendency to exaggerate in hindsight what one knew in foresight) and perceived learning. To test these effects, we conducted four studies (total n = 727). First, in Study 1 we examined a moderated mediation model, in which should counterfactual thinking mediates the relation between narcissism and hindsight bias, and this mediation is moderated by prediction accuracy such that the relationship is negative when predictions are accurate and positive when predictions are inaccurate after accurate predictions. Second, in Study 2 we examined a moderated sequential mediation model, in which the relation between narcissism and perceived learning is sequentially mediated through should counterfactual thinking and hindsight bias, and importantly, this sequential mediation is moderated by prediction accuracy. In Study 3 we ruled out could counterfactual thinking as an alternative explanation for the relationship between narcissism and hindsight bias. Finally, by manipulating should counterfactual thinking in Study 4, our findings suggest that this type of thinking has a causal effect on hindsight bias. We discuss why exhibiting some hindsight bias can be positive after failure. We also discuss implications for eliciting should counterfactual thinking. Our results help explain why narcissists may fail to learn from their experiences.
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Biane, Jeremy S., Yoshio Takashima, Massimo Scanziani, James M. Conner, and Mark H. Tuszynski. "Thalamocortical Projections onto Behaviorally Relevant Neurons Exhibit Plasticity during Adult Motor Learning." Neuron 89, no. 6 (March 2016): 1173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2016.02.001.

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Heiman, J. U., J. F. Davis, A. L. Tracy, R. J. Moore, J. M. Zigman, D. Clegg, and S. C. Benoit. "Mice lacking the ghrelin receptor (GHS-R -/-) exhibit impaired hippocampal-dependent learning." Appetite 49, no. 1 (July 2007): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2007.03.087.

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Monteiro, Paulo Henrique Nico, Chantal Barriault, and Nelio Bizzo. "THE MULTIPLE ROLES OF EXHIBIT LEARNING IMPACT ASSESSMENTS IN A SCIENCE CENTRE." Educere et Educare 13, no. 30 (December 22, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/educare.v13i30.18426.

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Visitor’s engagement with an exhibit could be considered as an important learning indicator and predictor. Based on this idea, Barriault and Pearson (2010) proposed an assessment framework, which has been constantly used by a Canadian Science Centre - Science North for different areas and proposes since 2005. This paper presents and analyses this experience as well as discuss some features of this framework as accuracy, feasibility and adaptability for other contexts. Documental analysis and interviews with Science North science staff and directors were held in order to deeply understand how this assessment method has been used at this Science Centre over these 10 years. All interviewees pointed that data collected through this method has been used to make changes in an exhibit in order to improve visitor's engagement, in floor-staff training programmes, as an important information for international partnerships and sales and, more recently, as a Centre's management indicators. In addition, all respondents stressed the accuracy and feasibility as strengths of the tool as far as data collected is easy to understand and "make sense" for all staff. Science North's experience shows that collecting and analysing learning data can play an important role in providing useful findings for different areas of a science centre, and could be an important way to improve visitor’s experience at the museum.
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Fitzpatrick, George E., and Wagner A. Vendrame. "Use of the Horticultural Trade Show as a Guided Learning Experience in Undergraduate Horticulture Courses." HortScience 40, no. 4 (July 2005): 1134B—1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1134b.

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One of the largest horticultural trade shows in the United States, the Tropical Plant Industry Exhibition, takes place each January in Fort Lauderdale, Fla. The timing of this show coincides with the offering, during the spring semester, of an undergraduate horticulture course, Palm Production and Culture (ORH 4321C, 3 credits). We have developed a guided activity in which we assign the students to visit several preselected exhibits in this show, so that each exhibit in the show is visited by at least one student. The students complete a questionnaire for each exhibit in which they note the identity of the palm species present, the number of species present, the number of individuals of each species, and the total number of palms in each exhibit. Data in the questionnaires are compiled and used to augment and reinforce class discussions on morphology, cultural requirements, interiorscape management, species richness, species diversity, and field laboratory work in morphology and taxonomy. Procedures used have the potential for adaptation to other types of horticultural trade shows and other types of horticultural crops, as well as for other courses in horticulture.
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Prendergast, Ryan, and Kristen Totleben. "Course Design, Images, and the Class-Curated Exhibit." RBM: A Journal of Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Cultural Heritage 19, no. 2 (November 7, 2018): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rbm.19.2.133.

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This article discusses the restructuring of a literature course to include a student-curated exhibit featuring rare, illustrated volumes from the University of Rochester’s River Campus Libraries. Faculty and library staff offered an experiential learning project for students to develop skills in the areas of primary source literacy, basic exhibit design, visual and textual analysis, process writing, and public presentation. We reflect upon the challenges and opportunities of project management and offer three models for integrating rare books and exhibit curation into a range of courses across disciplines.
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MORATO, LAURA M., and PAOLA SIRI. "STOCHASTIC LEARNING OF FRACTAL IMAGES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 18, no. 04n05 (February 20, 2004): 725–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979204024343.

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Optimal compression and decompression of fractal images can be performed by out-of-equilibrium stochastic systems which exhibit a learning behaviour. We show how stochastic systems of this type are able to learn the structure of classical fractal images in a simple situation.
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HOMMES, CARS, JOEP SONNEMANS, JAN TUINSTRA, and HENK VAN DE VELDEN. "LEARNING IN COBWEB EXPERIMENTS." Macroeconomic Dynamics 11, S1 (May 7, 2007): 8–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100507060208.

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Different theories of expectation formation and learning usually yield different outcomes for realized market prices in dynamic models. The purpose of this paper is to investigate expectation formation and learning in a controlled experimental environment. Subjects are asked to predict the next period's aggregate price in a dynamic commodity market model with feedback from individual expectations. Subjects have no information about underlying market equilibrium equations, but can learn by observing past price realizations and predictions. We conduct a stable, an unstable, and a strongly unstable treatment. In the stable treatment, rational expectations (RE) yield a good description of observed aggregate price fluctuations: prices remain close to the RE steady state. In the unstable treatments, prices exhibit large fluctuations around the RE steady state. Although the sample mean of realized prices is close to the RE steady state, the amplitude of the price fluctuations as measured by the variance is significantly larger than the amplitude under RE, implying persistent excess volatility. However, agents' forecasts are boundedly rational in the sense that fluctuations in aggregate prices are unpredictable and exhibit no forecastable structure that could easily be exploited.
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Long, Duri, Takeria Blunt, and Brian Magerko. "Co-Designing AI Literacy Exhibits for Informal Learning Spaces." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 5, CSCW2 (October 13, 2021): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3476034.

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AI is becoming increasingly integrated in common technologies, which suggests that learning experiences for audiences seeking a "casual" understanding of AI-i.e. understanding how a search engine works, not necessarily understanding how to program one-is an increasingly important design space. Informal learning spaces like museums are particularly well-suited for such public science communication efforts, but there is little research investigating how to design AI learning experiences for these spaces. This paper explores how to design museum experiences that communicate key concepts about AI, using collaboration, creativity, and embodiment as inspirations for design. We present the design of five low-fidelity AI literacy exhibit prototypes and results from a thematic analysis of participant interactions during a co-design workshop in which family groups interacted with the prototypes and designed exhibits of their own. Our findings suggest new topics and design considerations for AI-related exhibits and directions for future research.
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Wang, Chang, and Sridhar Mahadevan. "Multiscale Manifold Learning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 27, no. 1 (June 30, 2013): 912–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v27i1.8633.

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Many high-dimensional data sets that lie on a low-dimensional manifold exhibit nontrivial regularities at multiple scales. Most work in manifold learning ignores this multiscale structure. In this paper, we propose approaches to explore the deep structure of manifolds. The proposed approaches are based on the diffusion wavelets framework, data driven, and able to directly process directional neighborhood relationships without ad-hoc symmetrization. The proposed multiscale algorithms are evaluated using both synthetic and real-world data sets, and shown to outperform previous manifold learning methods.
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Pennisi, Lisa, N. Qwynne Lackey, and Stephen M. Holland. "Can an Immersion Exhibit Inspire Connection to Nature and Environmentally Responsible Behavior?" Journal of Interpretation Research 22, no. 2 (November 2017): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109258721702200204.

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Nature centers, museums, zoos, and other exhibit-based institutions need to sustain or increase visitation for economic viability. To generate visitor interest, exhibits have become more interactive, with immersion exhibits becoming increasingly popular. Visitor research has traditionally focused on learning or social aspects of the visitor experience rather than psychological dimensions related to attitudes, values, and behaviors. Yet nature-focused institutions increasingly support broad-based issues, such as encouraging connection to nature and environmentally responsible behavior. This paper explores how an immersion exhibit without personal interpretation, impacts connectedness to nature, intentions for environmentally responsible behaviors, and other aspects of visitor experiences. Short visits to a free-flying butterfly exhibit were found to augment visitors’ connectedness to nature and environmentally responsible behavioral intentions. Visitors also described how they appreciated the intensely beautiful surroundings, were awe-struck, felt a great deal of peace and relaxation, and felt oneness with nature.
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DeFrosse, Carlton O., and Carlton O. DeFrosse. "A psychoacoustic assessment of central auditory processing in children who exhibit learning impairments." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 80, S1 (December 1986): S14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2023666.

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Heyser, Charles J., Allen A. Fienberg, Paul Greengard, and Lisa H. Gold. "DARPP-32 knockout mice exhibit impaired reversal learning in a discriminated operant task." Brain Research 867, no. 1-2 (June 2000): 122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02272-1.

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Yamamoto, Hitomi, Koichi Kokame, Tomohiko Okuda, Yukako Nakajo, Hiroji Yanamoto, and Toshiyuki Miyata. "NDRG4 Protein-deficient Mice Exhibit Spatial Learning Deficits and Vulnerabilities to Cerebral Ischemia." Journal of Biological Chemistry 286, no. 29 (June 2, 2011): 26158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m111.256446.

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Nadal, J. P., and N. Parga. "Duality Between Learning Machines: A Bridge Between Supervised and Unsupervised Learning." Neural Computation 6, no. 3 (May 1994): 491–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.1994.6.3.491.

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We exhibit a duality between two perceptrons that allows us to compare the theoretical analysis of supervised and unsupervised learning tasks. The first perceptron has one output and is asked to learn a classification of p patterns. The second (dual) perceptron has p outputs and is asked to transmit as much information as possible on a distribution of inputs. We show in particular that the maximum information that can be stored in the couplings for the supervised learning task is equal to the maximum information that can be transmitted by the dual perceptron.
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Maynard, Beth. "Learning from Paris." Anglican Theological Review 103, no. 1 (February 2021): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003328621993019.

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While Christianity in France continues to decline overall, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Paris seems to be experiencing a small-scale revival among a “creative minority” of often younger Christians. Rooted in the vision and leadership of Jean-Marie Cardinal Lustiger, these pockets of vitality exhibit several common themes, among them intentional formation, rootedness in prayer, the importance of beauty, pilgrimage, and the influence of monastic or neo-monastic movements. Despite many French cultural distinctives, some of the emphases of these flourishing communities and initiatives might be useful as American Episcopalians attempt to reshape ministry and community life for an increasingly post-Christian culture.
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Das, Anindita, and Jesse H. Goldberg. "Songbird subthalamic neurons project to dopaminergic midbrain and exhibit singing-related activity." Journal of Neurophysiology 127, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 373–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00254.2021.

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Songbird subthalamic (STN) neurons exhibit singing-related signals and are interconnected with the motor cortical nucleus, auditory pallium, ventral pallidum, and ventral tegmental area, areas important for song generation and learning.
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Tloczynski, Joseph. "Attention and Visual Dominance in Motor Learning." Perceptual and Motor Skills 76, no. 2 (April 1993): 655–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1993.76.2.655.

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Two experiments examined the role of attention in visual dominance during motor learning. On the movement task 10 acquisition trials were given; each included a movement presentation and a blindfolded reproduction. After completion of acquisition trials and a 5-min. interval, subjects were given 5 retention trials with reproduction attempts only. In Exp. 1, subjects receiving only kinesthetic information during movement presentation reproduced criterion movement length more accurately than subjects receiving visual and kinesthetic information. Other subjects, presented both visual and kinesthetic stimuli for the movement, were given instructions to ignore vision and focus on kinesthesis. These subjects exhibited no effects of visual dominance in reproductions. In Exp. 2, subjects were presented visual and kinesthetic stimuli during half of the movement presentations and only kinesthetic stimuli during the other half. They did not exhibit the effects of visual dominance in reproductions. Such effects in motor learning may be modified by manipulation of attention or an alternating presentation of specific sensory stimuli.
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Lin, Weijane, Wen-Ting Lo, and Hsiu-Ping Yueh. "Effects of learner control design in an AR-based exhibit on visitors’ museum learning." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 18, 2022): e0274826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274826.

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This study shifts the focus away from demonstrating the existence of the effect toward understanding the mechanism by which the effect of AR operates in museum learning. By uncovering and describing the contingencies of AR from the perspectives of learner control, this study investigates how and when AR affects museum learning experiences, and to give insights into curation with AR. A between-subjects experiment was conducted with 48 college students divided into three groups. This study considered both qualitative and quantitative features of learner control and designed the AR control tools and experiment accordingly, and the findings supported the success of integrating the immersive technology of AR and the theoretical framework of learner control to construct museum exhibits. The results showed that visitors are willing to use the provided tools in museum AR and perform steadily in knowledge acquisition. In addition to offering more learner control in museums, AR promotes positive behaviors and attitudes. This study contributes to the field studies of learner control by linking learner control with the critical dimensions of AR-enhanced museum learning to provide more guidance in exhibit design. Based on the findings, practical suggestions on incorporating learner control in AR-based interactive exhibits are provided.
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Rohaniyah, Jaftiyatur. "Integrating Learning Style and Multiple Intelligences in Teaching and Learning Process." Wacana Didaktika 5, no. 01 (June 30, 2017): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31102/wacanadidaktika.5.01.19-27.

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Students’ exhibit different learning styles and multiple intelligences, and only by accommodating these various abilities can instructors properly plan and conduct assignments and assess what students have learned. Students have different learning styles and multiple intelligences. This has implications for the design and execution of a field study, or any teaching situation. In addition to having differences in learning styles, not everyone is smart in the same way, according to Gardner, He says that individuals are intelligent to some degree such as: musical, verbal linguistic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, etc. This article outlines the importance of learning styles and multiple intelligences in teaching and learning process, as well as instructional techniques that work best with students’ respective learning traits.
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Olswang, Lesley B., Barbara Rodriguez, and Geralyn Timler. "Recommending Intervention for Toddlers With Specific Language Learning Difficulties." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 7, no. 1 (February 1998): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0701.23.

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This paper presents a review of the literature designed to identify child behaviors that shape a profile of toddlers who should receive intervention. The review presents empirically documented predictors of language change and risk factors for language impairment. It examines research addressing the children having difficulty learning language and children developing typically. The argument presented is that toddlers who exhibit few positive predictors of change and many risk factors are more likely to have a true impairment and need intervention than toddlers who exhibit many predictors of change and few risk factors. The review attempts to paint a profile of toddlers for whom treatment should be recommended and those for whom a watch and see approach should be followed.
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McCune, Kelsey B., Piotr Jablonski, Sang-im Lee, and Renee R. Ha. "Captive jays exhibit reduced problem-solving performance compared to wild conspecifics." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 1 (January 2019): 181311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181311.

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Animal cognitive abilities are frequently quantified in strictly controlled settings, with laboratory-reared subjects. Results from these studies have merit for clarifying proximate mechanisms of performance and the potential upper limits of certain cognitive abilities. Researchers often assume that performance on laboratory-based assessments accurately represents the abilities of wild conspecifics, but this is infrequently tested. In this experiment, we quantified the performance of wild and captive corvid subjects on an extractive foraging task. We found that performance was not equivalent, and wild subjects were faster at problem-solving to extract the food reward. By contrast, there was no difference in the time it took for captive and wild solvers to repeat the behaviour to get additional food rewards (learning speed). Our findings differ from the few other studies that have statistically compared wild and captive performance on assessments of problem-solving and learning. This indicates that without explicitly testing it, we cannot assume that captive animal performance on experimental tasks can be generalized to the species as a whole. To better understand the causes and consequences of a variety of animal cognitive abilities, we should measure performance in the social and physical environment in which the ability in question evolved.
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Children, Reggio. "The Wonder of Learning: The Hundred Languages of Children – An Exhibit from Reggio Emilia." Journal of Childhood Studies 36, no. 2 (December 30, 2011): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/jcs.v36i2.15095.

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This piece was contributed by Reggio Children to highlight The Wonder of Learning exhibit that will be in Vancouver July-December, 2012. Reggio Children is a mixed public-private company that the Municipality of Reggio Emilia, along with other interested subjects, decided to establish in 1994 to manage the pedagogical and cultural exchange initiative that had already been taking place for many years between the municipal early childhood services and a large number of teachers and researchers from all over the world. This new experience was based on an idea originally proposed by Loris Malaguzzi and carried on by a committee of local citizens and educators.
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Kapotis, Efstratios, and Chrysoleon Symeonides. "Learning from a Museum Exhibit: The Case of the 19th-Century Compensation “Gridiron” Pendulum." Physics Teacher 57, no. 4 (April 2019): 222–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.5095374.

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